Speaker 1: Please have us see now, I'm sure we can do
a bigger run of applause for one of the greatest
two leaders of our history. Let's go ahead. So we're
talking about I lost count. You know, seven to eight
trillion dollars worth of market cap comp I lost count.
But right now we're here to celebrate a historic moment,
a moment that yesterday during the dinner, and thank you
for joining us under the patronage of the Honorable President
and his Royal Highness, the com Prince Musseidi, where we
have the pleasure to hear it firsthand. This is the
greatest alliance between the Kingdom of Sada Arabia and the
United States, where we have joined hands and you have
helped us build our energy based economy, fueling and energizing
the industrial age. And now fast forward going to the
intelligence age where we can fuel AI factories, robotics, eaves
and all of the rest. Speaking of that, let's start
with you Elon. If you don't mind, Jensen, feel free
to chive in. You have a big fascination of something
all of us have admired. First order thinking with gens
is sometimes called first order scaling, which is an opportunity
for how you have dropped the costs of batteries from
one thousand for kilo at hour through sub hundred bucks
And right now you're doing the same thing with robotics,
for actuators, with servo rotors and motors. So I want
to hear from you, how do you manage to always
disrupt every single industry with that.
Speaker 2: Thinking, Well, it's mostly not a disruption, it's creation. So
with say SpaceX with reusable rockets, they really want any
reusable rockets, but the essence of getting of revolutionizing space
travel is reusability. If you throw the rocket away every time,
the cost of access to space is extremely high. With
respect to electric cars, there weren't any electric cars when
we started making them. Really you couldn't buy any, to
the best of my knowledge. So with Tesla, we wanted
to make electric cars compelling at affordable. That was the goal.
The You know, with respect to humanoid robotics, there are
no useful humanoid robotics robots at this point. There are
sort of gimmicks, but there are not There are no
actually useful humanoid robots. And I think Tesla is going
to make the first actually useful humanoid robots, and this
will be quite a revolution. And I think something that
will that everyone will want, because I was thinking, like,
who wouldn't want their own personal C three po are
two D two. Of course everyone we want one, right,
and and then there would be many in industry providing
products and services. This is why I say that humanoid
robots will be the biggest industry or the biggest product ever,
bigger than cell phones or anything else, because everyone's going
to want one and or maybe more more than one,
and there'll be many in industry. On R two D
two in C three pos body, yeah, very well. I
mean a HumanID robot would be better than R two
D two and C through vo combined times ten. So
the and and you know, people often talk about sort
of eliminating poverty and that kind of thing, but really
there's how long they've been talking about that. There's lots
of talk. Uh, there's lots of NGOs sort of trying
to do these things but but really not succeeding. And
and you know the evidence be for ourself, but AI
and humoroid robots will actually eliminate poverty and tell them
won't be the only one that makes them. I think
tells them will pioneer this, but there will be many
other companies that make humanoid robots. But there is only
basically one way to make everyone wealthy, and that is
AI in robotics.
Speaker 1: And we can't talk about robotics without AI factories. And
yesterday was such a historic day for the two nations
but also for all of US where we celebrate the
AI Strategic Partnership with the US signed witnessed by the
Honorable President and His Royal Highness, about how we are
committing our capital, energy land to energize the AI US ecosystem,
to be able to build inference node training nodes, and
to be the most AI enabled nation. With that announcement,
Tell me what's next in AI factories, Jensen, there's.
Speaker 3: A there's a beautiful story about how Saudi Arabia's building
AI refineries and now building AI factor or oil refiners
to AI factors.
Speaker 1: I love that.
Speaker 3: You know, I've said that that AI is an infrastructure
and the reason for that, of course, we understand AI
from the perspective of the technology and how it's revolutionizing
every industry. Digital intelligence, of course has applications into every
every field, and so it's going to be used by
every company, every industry, every country. In that way, it's
foundational and therefore it's part of infrastructure. What is new
about AI from a computer science perspective is that the
way computing was done in the past was largely retrieval
based computing. Somebody typed in a story, or somebody created
a piece of art, or came up with four versions
of a digital ad or it's all pre built by
somebody which is then using a system to retrieve the
appropriate version for you. It's a retrieval based computing model.
Hadoop and many of the frameworks and operating systems that
the past all designed to retrieve the appropriate information for you.
But today software is going to be generated in real time.
It's generative based on the context, based on the circumstance,
based on who you are, based on the problem you
ask that, based on your prompt, it will generate unique
content for you every single time, for everybody. It's unique
when you use GROC every time you use it as
different which based on the right, based on based on
the prompt that you give in and based on the circumstance,
and so therefore it used to be retrieval based. Today
it's generative. And if it's generative, then and every time
is different than you need AI factories all over the
world to generate the content in real time, which is
the reason why you need AI factories. And this is
a unique way of doing computation. But the benefit, of
course is that everything isn't preconceived and predocumented and it's contextually,
contextually sensible and therefore intelligence.
Speaker 1: So AI factories and robotics, and we heard it yesterday
from his Royal Highness, his vision how to augment our
workforce with roughly tens of millions of robotics to be
able to infuse the next wave of productivity and progress.
But this cares a lot of folks here when it
comes to the future of jobs. So let's hear about
your thoughts, Elon and Denson on that.
Speaker 2: Sure, well, you say, like in the long term, where
will things end up long term? I don't know what
long term is. Maybe it's ten twenty years or something
like that. For me, that's long term. My prediction is
that work will be optional optional optional, So we'll take that. Yeah,
I mean it'll be like a playing sports or a
video game or something like that. If you want to
work you know, in the same way like you can
you can go to the store and just buy some vegetables,
or you could grow vegetables in your backyard. It's much
harder to grow veg vegetables in your backyard, but some
people still do it because they like growing growing vegetables.
That will be what work is like optional, and between
now and then, there's actually a lot of work to
get to that point. I always recommend people really read
in banks culture books to get a sense for what
a probable positive AI future is like. And interestingly, in
those books, money is no longer doesn't exist. It's kind
of interesting. And my guess is if you go out
long enough, assuming there's a continued improvement in AI and robotics,
which seems likely, the money will will stop being relevant.
At some point in the future. There will still be
constraints on power like in it, like electricity and mass.
The fundamental physics elements will still be still be constraints,
but I think at some point a currency becomes irrelevant.
Speaker 1: Jensen any thoughts.
Speaker 2: By the way, that video earning schools later today, and
by the.
Speaker 3: Way, since currency is a relevant, Elon just wants to
share with you the two of us would like to
share some breaking news. Uh, let's see. I would say,
I would say, there there's different horizons you can look at.
Everybody's jobs will be different that I think that that's
for sure. How how students learn will be different. How
people do their work will be different, obviously, because a
lot of the things that we do mundanely or arduously
or very difficultly are going to be done very simply,
and so we're going to be more productive from that sense.
From that sense, one of the things that I will
say is that for most people or company, if some
if your life becomes more productive, and if the things
that you're doing with great difficulty becomes simpler, it is
very likely, because you have so many ideas, you'll have
more time to go pursue things. It is my guess
that Elon will be busier as a result of AI.
I'm going to be busier as a result of AI.
And the reason for that is because we have so
many ideas we want to pursue, so many things that
we still have in our backlog inside our company that
we can go pursue. If we're more productive, we can
get to those things faster, and so in the near term,
I would say that there's every evidence that we will
be more productive and yet still be busier because we
have so many ideas. One thing that I will say,
give you some evidence is that and I was just
telling Elan about this earlier. Radiology, for example, has largely
been converted to AI driven radiology, and there's some really
great companies doing that. And the surprising thing is the
prediction that all radiologists would be the first jobs to
go with exactly the opposite. The trend shows that there
are more radiologists being hired now as a result of AI.
And the reason for that, if you take a step back,
it's because the goal of a radiologist is not to
study the images. The goal of a radiologist is to
diagnose a disease. Now the studying of the images became
so productive, they could study more images, study more modalities,
spend more time with the patients, and as a result,
they're actually accepting more patient We're doing more radiology all
around the world, we're doing a better job with diagnosing disease.
And so that's that's kind of the the near term,
near term outcome of AI and productivity, and and we'll see,
we'll see what happens long term, you know, I when
when currency doesn't matter anymore, just you know, let me
know right before.
Speaker 2: You'll see it coming. You'll see it coming, like we.
Speaker 3: Text often, so just yeah, just text it off.
Speaker 1: Let me I kind of I kind of agree with
with both of you because if you look at every
technological trend, every general purpose technology has been that new
positive for for the globe, for humanity and so forth.
Speaker 3: And let me share with you too, and your excellency,
I think it's precisely the reason. The reason for that
is because all the great ideas from from innovators like
elon that you have so many ideas that Jackson is wrong. Yeah,
well yeah, thank you.
Speaker 1: So let me share share with you two stories from
two Saudi innovators in collaboration with a lot of great
the great work that Nvidia does, that gro does. One
is Professor Mariagi. All right, m got a game. It's
Professor Mariagi.
Speaker 2: That might need to might need to move the Micay.
Speaker 3: Come on, what's share this one.
Speaker 1: Let's let's let's write this one more time. So one
of them is Professor Aumriagi, who's the first American Saudi
to win a Nobel Prize in creating new chemistry, and
the way he has done that he has leveraged you
AI accelerators and models like Grock to be able to
create new chemistry. When it comes to metal organic frameworks,
those are metal allions that are positively charged with organic
clinkers to be able to effectively create a sponge withero
point three three nanometers pores to capture water from air
and also to capture carbon dioxide. The second story has
also to do with AI accelerated by Nvidia and with
models like Rock, which is nanopalm, which is effectively creating
a nano robot five hundred nanometers by one thousand nanometers
to be able to do gene editing, leveraging the crisper
technology to take out sickill cell disease. Now, in both
these instances they originated twenty years ago in research, but
AI was able to really accelerate the outcomes and the
outputs such that we can move into new value pools.
So I think with every technological trend, humanity is going
to always manage to shift to new value pools when
it comes to workforce on productivity. But we have some
great announcements to talk about here today. Let's begin with
you Elon. The thing that we're doing with x AI.
Speaker 2: Oh yeah, we're excited to announce that we're doing a
a five hundred megawatt I mean yeah, five hundred sorry,
five mega mega.
Speaker 1: Yeah, we're doing.
Speaker 2: Sorry yeah, yeah, it's five hundred gigwak one laftway so
that that that'll be eight bazilion trillion dollars that uh so, yeah,
we're doing a x A I and the Kingdom Saudi
Arabia are doing a.
Speaker 1: Mega watts starting with fifty megawatts phase one, and we're
doing it with Nvidio. Congratulations to the Humane team to
Target team, such a fantastic job, Jensen. I think we're
also doing some great an ausments this week.
Speaker 3: We are, We're we're announcing, we're announcing all kinds of things.
Our partnership with Humane is going incredibly well. First of all,
we work together to get this company started and off
the ground and just got an incredible customer with Elon.
Could you imagine a startup company approximately zero billion dollars
in revenues now going to build a data center for Elon.
Five hundred megawatts is gigantic. This company is off the charts,
right away. In addition to that, we're working working AWS,
as you know, is.
Speaker 1: Also caraculations to the HUMANE team, with the AWS starting
with one hundred megawatts with a gigawatts ambition and counting.
Speaker 3: So AWS is also coming to Humane. We're working with
Humane on Omniverse Digital twins. As you know that AI
is not just well just agentic AI and chatbot and
cognitive AI is incredibly important to the world, but AI
applies to everything chemicals and proteins and genes, and physics
and fluid dynamnamics and particles and of course robotics and activation.
And we created this world called Omniverse where robots can
learn how to be good robots, and.
Speaker 2: It's physically based.
Speaker 3: It obeys the laws of physics, and so robots can
learn in these environments. And we're working with Humane to
apply Omniverse to all kinds of digital factories and robotics
and warehouses and things like that, and so that's another
We're also working in Saudi Arabia to build supercomputers to
simulate quantum computers and using our computers to be the
controller and the error correction. Quantum error correction requires an
enormous amount of computation and so we're doing a lot
of great work there too, So a big partnership with Humane.
They're off the charts, off the ground and off the
charts at the same time.
Speaker 1: This is how we walk the top in the Kingdom
of sud Arabia and partnership with the US. Yesterday the
President and His Royal Highness announced the AI Strategic Framework
and partnership. Today we're going big with Elon and Jensen.
So thank you for those opportunities. Now, they told me
I have time for two last questions. So last night
at the dinner I got a number of questions because
it seems that the schedule leaked and everybody was getting
me hints about the last two questions I'm going to do.
So the first one was for you, Elon, and there's
a big one for you, Jensen, So prepare for that one.
AI in space Is that possible?
Speaker 2: Yes, If civilization continues, which it probably will, then AI
in space is inevitable. You know, I have to like
preface that, you know, we shouldn't take civilization for granted.
We need to make sure to take care to ensure
that civilization hasn't an upward arc. I mean any student
of history knows that civilization does not always have an
upward arc, and in fact, civilizations have life cycles. So
hopefully we are in a strong upward arc. I think
we are for now, but we don't want to take
that for granted or be complacent. But in order to
the way to think of AI in space is that
in order to achieve any meaningful percentage of a Kardashev
two scale civilization where you're using even a millionth of
a millionth of the Sun's energy, you must have solar
powered AI satellites in deep space. So that once you realize,
like once you think in terms of a Cartoshev two
scale civilization, which is what percentage of the Sun's energy
are you turning into useful work, then then it becomes
obvious that space is overwhelmingly what matters. Overwhelmingly, the Sun
only receives one roughly one two billionth of the Earth
only receives roughly uh one two billionth of the Sun's energy.
So if you want to have something that is, say
a million times more energy than Earth could possibly produce,
you must go into space. It's and so this is
where it's kind of handy to have a space company,
I guess.
Speaker 3: Sell the books to cool chips in space too. Yes,
easier to cool chips in space.
Speaker 2: Yes, there's definitely no water in space, so you're gonna
have to do something that doesn't involve water. Well, it's good,
just got to radiate, that's right. So my estimate is
that actually that that that the cost of electricity, like
like the cost effectiveness of AI in space will be
overwhelmingly better than AI on the ground. So for long
before you exhaust potential energy sources on Earth, long long before,
meaning like I think even peraps in the four or
five year time frame, the lowest cost way to do
AI compute will be with solar powered AI satellites. So
I'd say not more than five years from now.
Speaker 3: Wow, And just look at the supercomputers we're building together.
Let's say each one of the racks is two tons.
Out of that two tons, one point nine to five
of it is probably for cooling, right, Just imagine how
tiny that little supercomputer is, right, each one of these
GB three hundred racks and just be a little tiny thing.
Speaker 2: And just electricity generation is already becoming a challenge. So
if you start doing any kind of scaling for both
electricity generation and cooling. You realize, Okay, space incredibly compelling.
So like let's say you wanted to do you know,
two or three hundred gigawatts per year of AI compute.
It's very difficult to do that on Earth. So the
US average electricity usage last time I checked it was
around four hundred and sixty gigawatts per year average usage.
So so something like say, you know, three three hundred,
If you're doing three hundred giga, what's a year, that
would be like two thirds of US electricity production per year.
There's no way you're building power plants at that level.
And then if you take it up to say a
taro wat per year, impossible, Like you have to do
that in space. There there just is. There just is
no way to do a tarowa per year on Earth.
And in space you've you've got continuous solar you've got
you don't you actually don't need batteries because it's always
sunny in space, right exactly, And and the solar panels
actually become cheaper because you don't need glass or framing,
and the cooling is just RADIATI So that's that's why
I think.
Speaker 3: That's the dream.
Speaker 2: Yes, that's the dream.
Speaker 1: So Jensen, everybody last night was asking me, and I'm
mindful it's Earning's call for you today. So I'm gonna
say this delicately. Everybody has been asking me to ask you.
Are we going to have an AI bubble?
Speaker 3: That's the last question.
Speaker 1: All right, let's not.
Speaker 3: All right, let me see well, let me just tell
you what we see. Okay. So I think it's really
important when you look at what's happening around the world
and go back to the first principles of what's happening in
computer science and computing. There are three things that's happening.
The first thing is that we all know that Moore's
laws run its course, and the ability the the amount
of demand for computing versus the amount of computation we
can get out of general purpose computing has really chanting, lenging,
and so the world's been moving to accelerated computing for
some time. We've been pushing this now for some over
twenty years. Let me give you one statistic. I was
just as supercomputing six years ago. CPUs were ninety percent
of the world supercomputers top five hundred supercomputers.
Speaker 1: Six years ago.
Speaker 3: This year, less than fifteen percent went from ninety percent
to ten percent, and meanwhile accelerated computing went from the
other way ten percent to now ninety percent. Okay, so
you're seeing that inflection point, the transition in high performance
computing from general purpose of computing to accelerated computer. Well,
of the one of the most data intensive, one of
the most intensive computation things that the world does in
cloud is data processing. Several hundred billion dollars of computation
is done on just raw data. Process has nothing to
do with AI, just CQL processing data frames. You know
everybody's names, address, their sex, their their age, where they live,
you know how much money they make. All of that
sits into a data frame, and that data frame drives
the world today, whether it's in banking, or whether it's
in credit cards or of course e commerce and everything
from ad recommendation and everything is driven off of that
data frame. That data frame costs hundreds of billions of
dollars to go compute. And so that's the number one
thing end of More's laws. The second thing is generative AI.
The most important application of the last fifteen years is
called rexis recommended systems. How do we know what information
to recommend to us in a social feed. How do
you know what ad to recommend to somebody, what book
to recommend, what movie to recommend? The world is the
Internet is so gigantic without a recommender system that a
little tiny flo of us will have no chance. I've
ever seen the right information that rexis is the engine
of the Internet today. That's going generative AI. It used
to be running on CPUs, now it runs on GPS,
which then says the third thing when if you just
look at those two applications, many of the Internet companies
can build an enormous number of GPUs supercomputers. Just doing that,
of course, then it creates this the third opportunity on
top of it, which is agentic AI. This is GROCK
and this is open AI, this is anthropic you know,
this is Gemini. Agentic AI sits on top of that.
But don't you know, don't forget to think about what
is happening above underneath what everybody sees as AI today,
there's a whole movement of computing from Jenner purpose computing
to accelerated computing, and that if you just if you
take that into consideration, you'll come to the conclusion that
in fact, what is left over to fuel that revolutionary
agentic AI is not only substantially less than your thought
and all of it justified.
Speaker 1: Well, I was just informed by the team that my
boss and your bosses is going to talk next the
Honorable President and his Royal Highness the Common Prince and him.
We ran out of time. But in essence, this is
our such so much love for you Elon and Jensen.
But this, in essence is a ninety two alliance that
shifted from energy to digital to the intelligence age, powered
by pioneers such as Elon and Jensen to serve humanity
and create on a net new basis, new economies, new jobs,
and a better future for humanity, powered by the Kingdom
of Arabia and the United States. Thank you for our
lifetime partnership and friendship. Thank you Elon, Thank you Jensen.