WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.400 --> 00:00:02.399 Drivers know what trouble sounds like. 2 00:00:02.879 --> 00:00:10.160 No, no, okay forward, oh no, no, please. 3 00:00:09.960 --> 00:00:14.560 No, that's why they get covered from Ireland's soundest car 4 00:00:14.599 --> 00:00:16.920 insurance provider, Supervalue Insurance. 5 00:00:17.199 --> 00:00:19.519 Thanks for calling us fin and don't beat yourself up 6 00:00:19.519 --> 00:00:22.359 about it. Sure, I'm driving ten years and parallel parking 7 00:00:22.399 --> 00:00:23.280 still battle, isn't me? 8 00:00:24.160 --> 00:00:26.760 Get a code from Supervalue Car Insurance to get ten 9 00:00:26.800 --> 00:00:28.480 percent off online. 10 00:00:28.039 --> 00:00:31.519 And we'll even throw in forty euroin vouchers. Teasncsupply vouchers 11 00:00:31.559 --> 00:00:34.280 include two twenty euro or forty eurospent. This car insurance 12 00:00:34.320 --> 00:00:36.960 is underwritten by AX Insurance, Deck, Super Value Financial Services, 13 00:00:37.000 --> 00:00:39.280 Stack Trading and Supervalue Insurance is regulated by the Central 14 00:00:39.320 --> 00:00:39.920 Bank of Ireland. 15 00:00:40.439 --> 00:00:42.759 Oh hey, it's a lady who went to Hawaii on 16 00:00:42.840 --> 00:00:46.719 a squid research expedition and fit in an Ologies interview 17 00:00:46.759 --> 00:00:49.280 while I was there. Hi, it's Sally Ward. This is 18 00:00:49.320 --> 00:00:53.920 Smologies and Smologies are kid friendly. All ages episodes that 19 00:00:53.960 --> 00:00:57.520 we have cut down and sculpted to be shorter, And 20 00:00:57.640 --> 00:00:59.880 this week we bring you a lovely fellow who was 21 00:01:00.119 --> 00:01:02.159 a joy to meet up with on the island of 22 00:01:02.200 --> 00:01:05.519 o Wahoo and Hawaii, So get ready for him. This 23 00:01:05.640 --> 00:01:10.200 dude loves flags. I love him for it. Okay, vexillology. 24 00:01:10.280 --> 00:01:13.439 Aren't you glad that there's a parenthetical flags after that? 25 00:01:13.560 --> 00:01:17.359 Because who knows what vexillology means? Where does this word 26 00:01:17.400 --> 00:01:20.079 even come from? Okay, buckle up, it's about to get cute. 27 00:01:20.159 --> 00:01:24.640 So vexillology has its roots in Latin for little sale 28 00:01:24.879 --> 00:01:27.519 vellama as a sale or a curtain, and it's related 29 00:01:27.560 --> 00:01:30.519 to veil. It was coined in nineteen fifty nine by 30 00:01:30.560 --> 00:01:34.920 a flag enthusiast and designer and political scholar, the late 31 00:01:34.959 --> 00:01:37.319 Whitney Smith Junior. And if you're like I wish I 32 00:01:37.359 --> 00:01:40.319 were a vexillologist, but you're just a flag fan, don't worry. 33 00:01:40.480 --> 00:01:44.239 You're still a vexillilophile. You're about to go through quite 34 00:01:44.280 --> 00:01:48.400 a journey hearing about everything from why flags exist, to 35 00:01:48.480 --> 00:01:51.319 what flags have to do with conspiracy theories to some 36 00:01:51.400 --> 00:01:55.840 pirate trivia, why Hawaii has a Union jack on its flag, 37 00:01:56.000 --> 00:01:59.439 the hardest flags to draw, which colors we don't see 38 00:01:59.480 --> 00:02:02.439 on flag? And why, how to design a flag, who 39 00:02:02.599 --> 00:02:05.920 designed our modern American flag? And how you two can 40 00:02:06.000 --> 00:02:08.680 have fun with flags all year round. So get ready 41 00:02:08.719 --> 00:02:14.159 to fly high with flag professional and vexillologist, Tory Laide. 42 00:02:13.960 --> 00:02:31.479 Lagious pology pologist. 43 00:02:31.800 --> 00:02:39.159 Okay, so this vex vexillologist vexillologist got his bachelor's in 44 00:02:39.280 --> 00:02:42.759 museum studies at the University of Manoah in Hawaii and 45 00:02:42.800 --> 00:02:46.919 spent seventeen years as a registrar in Honolulu's Mayor's Office 46 00:02:46.919 --> 00:02:49.360 of Culture and the Arts. He was an expert in 47 00:02:49.479 --> 00:02:53.560 charge of public art collections and who flies what flags. 48 00:02:53.840 --> 00:02:57.439 When the dude digs flags, he loves fabric. I always 49 00:02:57.479 --> 00:03:00.879 think of, like how easy to pan has it. When 50 00:03:00.919 --> 00:03:02.919 you're a kid and you have to draw your flag, 51 00:03:03.240 --> 00:03:04.639 You're like, I got a dot in the middle, I'm 52 00:03:04.639 --> 00:03:06.479 good to go. And then Mexico's like I gotta draw 53 00:03:06.520 --> 00:03:09.919 a serpent and some kind of bird. Some flags are 54 00:03:10.039 --> 00:03:15.960 just geometric blocks, and then others have these drawings on 55 00:03:16.000 --> 00:03:18.719 them that are difficult to replicate. Who decided what goes 56 00:03:18.719 --> 00:03:19.240 on a flag? 57 00:03:19.879 --> 00:03:23.120 So it's it's usually the country, okay, or the head 58 00:03:23.159 --> 00:03:23.520 of state. 59 00:03:23.639 --> 00:03:23.960 Okay. 60 00:03:24.159 --> 00:03:26.159 So if you look like a lot of older flags, they 61 00:03:26.159 --> 00:03:31.879 are just you know, sometimes one, two, three colors, horizontal 62 00:03:31.919 --> 00:03:35.879 lines or vertical lines, you know, stripes, and you know 63 00:03:36.080 --> 00:03:39.199 that goes back to heraldry where there was the king, 64 00:03:39.840 --> 00:03:42.520 and he might have a coat of arms and it 65 00:03:42.599 --> 00:03:44.960 might have one or two colors, so you replicate that 66 00:03:45.560 --> 00:03:46.280 on the flag. 67 00:03:46.680 --> 00:03:49.960 Oh okay, quick aside about the Japanese flag also called 68 00:03:50.000 --> 00:03:53.759 the Hnumorrow, So that big crimson dot is representing the 69 00:03:53.800 --> 00:03:55.919 sun because Japan is known as the land of the 70 00:03:56.000 --> 00:03:59.599 Rising Sun. And while they're big signature red dot on 71 00:03:59.599 --> 00:04:02.960 a field of white has been used since the fourteen hundreds. 72 00:04:03.000 --> 00:04:07.400 It was designed formally in eighteen seventy. It wasn't legally 73 00:04:07.479 --> 00:04:11.759 adopted until nineteen ninety nine. That's like being engaged for 74 00:04:11.759 --> 00:04:14.599 one hundred and twenty nine years. Everyone just assumes you're married, 75 00:04:14.639 --> 00:04:18.920 but really there's drama at home. So folks opposed didn't 76 00:04:19.000 --> 00:04:23.399 like a certain shift toward post war nationalism, so adopting 77 00:04:23.439 --> 00:04:25.439 it officially was a big deal. But it's been twenty 78 00:04:25.480 --> 00:04:29.040 years since it's been the flag of Japan. Bonus. It's 79 00:04:29.120 --> 00:04:31.759 pretty easy to draw, though, why is this a bonus? 80 00:04:31.920 --> 00:04:35.600 According to the North American Vexillological Society's two thousand and 81 00:04:35.639 --> 00:04:39.160 six edict Good Flag, Bad Flag, there are a few 82 00:04:39.480 --> 00:04:42.680 key principles to designing a good flag. The five principles 83 00:04:42.680 --> 00:04:44.959 are keep it simple, The flag should be so simple 84 00:04:45.040 --> 00:04:47.720 that a child can draw it from memory or an 85 00:04:47.759 --> 00:04:53.360 adult who's bad at drawing too. Use meaningful symbolism. Number three, 86 00:04:53.600 --> 00:04:57.399 use two or three basic colors. Number four no lettering 87 00:04:57.639 --> 00:05:00.560 or seal. Never use writing of any kind or an 88 00:05:00.680 --> 00:05:04.920 organization's seal. Wow, that law's broken a lot. Number five 89 00:05:05.160 --> 00:05:09.360 be distinctive or be related, so avoid duplicating other flags, 90 00:05:09.519 --> 00:05:13.120 but use some similarities to show connections. Now, Mexico, I 91 00:05:13.199 --> 00:05:14.439 love you your flag. 92 00:05:14.639 --> 00:05:14.759 MM. 93 00:05:15.160 --> 00:05:18.839 Growing up trying to draw the flag of Mexico with 94 00:05:18.959 --> 00:05:23.360 this ornate eagle eating a serpent well perched on a 95 00:05:23.360 --> 00:05:28.680 prickly pair, this was an exercise of childhood artistic humility, 96 00:05:29.040 --> 00:05:31.480 or really for anyone without a studio art degree. But 97 00:05:31.519 --> 00:05:33.720 I did some reading and knowing it's a symbol delivered 98 00:05:33.759 --> 00:05:36.639 by a god of war via a dream to an 99 00:05:36.639 --> 00:05:39.800 Aztec leader about where to settle what's now Mexico City, 100 00:05:39.839 --> 00:05:42.240 I'm like, all right, yes, this flag is very beautiful 101 00:05:42.279 --> 00:05:45.959 and I love it Mexico. Please don't be offended if 102 00:05:45.959 --> 00:05:49.279 my rendition looks like a cat eating a noodle. Now, 103 00:05:49.319 --> 00:05:50.279 what are you going to do for further? 104 00:05:50.360 --> 00:05:53.800 July fourth of July, I will fly the bets of 105 00:05:53.839 --> 00:05:54.399 Gross flag. 106 00:05:54.800 --> 00:05:58.600 Oh nice, and now I need to look up her story. 107 00:05:58.839 --> 00:06:00.879 Do you like her stories at Worth Telling? Are you like? Eh, 108 00:06:00.920 --> 00:06:05.800 it's apocryphal. Apocryphal means it's doubtful or dubious, it's sketchy, 109 00:06:06.120 --> 00:06:07.480 a bit suss, you get it. 110 00:06:07.720 --> 00:06:07.920 Well? 111 00:06:07.959 --> 00:06:10.800 You know, there are theories on who or who came 112 00:06:10.839 --> 00:06:13.600 about with the flag, and there is some evidence for 113 00:06:13.800 --> 00:06:18.839 that she did so a flag and with the stars 114 00:06:18.839 --> 00:06:21.879 in the circle arrangement. We will acknowledge that as being 115 00:06:21.920 --> 00:06:24.959 the Betsy Ross design, although there were other designs at 116 00:06:24.959 --> 00:06:25.319 the time. 117 00:06:25.560 --> 00:06:29.279 Is there any truth in George Washington's wife? 118 00:06:30.000 --> 00:06:32.879 So there's a story that's passed down. There's the Ross 119 00:06:32.920 --> 00:06:35.079 family that says, you know, there were a meeting and 120 00:06:35.120 --> 00:06:37.000 the generals got together and Bets Ross was the wife 121 00:06:37.000 --> 00:06:40.079 of one of the generals and Washington was there. They 122 00:06:40.079 --> 00:06:42.319 did a little sketch and so she sowed the flag. 123 00:06:42.439 --> 00:06:44.720 And so there is that story that's the truth. 124 00:06:44.920 --> 00:06:46.439 What do you think happened? 125 00:06:46.680 --> 00:06:50.319 There were other flags that were flown by American patriots 126 00:06:50.519 --> 00:06:52.639 at the time. I mean we from them were familiar with, 127 00:06:52.680 --> 00:06:55.720 like the Bunker Hill flag or the gats And flag 128 00:06:55.759 --> 00:06:57.279 that don't tread on me flag, And so you have 129 00:06:57.399 --> 00:07:00.199 these other flags that were used during the American Revolution, 130 00:07:00.319 --> 00:07:03.279 and the red and white or the stars and stripes 131 00:07:03.279 --> 00:07:05.519 that came to be called you know, really became the 132 00:07:06.000 --> 00:07:08.399 one that was accepted nationally. 133 00:07:09.079 --> 00:07:10.720 What do you think about the don't tread on me flag? 134 00:07:12.279 --> 00:07:15.720 It's fine, you know, it's another flag that has its uses, 135 00:07:15.800 --> 00:07:19.519 and some people have adopted it today to mean other things. Right. 136 00:07:19.959 --> 00:07:23.879 Gadson's flag side note is primarily mustard yellow, and it 137 00:07:23.959 --> 00:07:27.920 features this impossibly coiled and I guess ready to strike 138 00:07:28.160 --> 00:07:32.680 rattlesnake with thirteen rattles representing the original colonies. It dates 139 00:07:32.680 --> 00:07:35.959 back to that time and it's sometimes used in modern 140 00:07:36.040 --> 00:07:39.800 day by conservative parties to harken back I guess to 141 00:07:39.879 --> 00:07:42.800 an arrow when the country was smaller and we didn't 142 00:07:42.839 --> 00:07:47.519 have indoor plumbing, and rattlesnakes were able to hover in 143 00:07:47.560 --> 00:07:50.000 the air like a broken mattress. Spring must have been 144 00:07:50.040 --> 00:07:53.759 a wild era. But there are some mocking don't tread 145 00:07:53.759 --> 00:07:57.480 on me memes that are just a source of priceless parody. 146 00:07:58.319 --> 00:08:01.920 I suggest you google these. My favorites involves a cartoon 147 00:08:02.000 --> 00:08:04.720 baby snake that just says please no STEPPI and then 148 00:08:04.759 --> 00:08:07.800 there's one that retains the original don't tread on me text, 149 00:08:08.040 --> 00:08:12.040 but just the image of a single lego. Anyway, changing 150 00:08:12.079 --> 00:08:14.839 up flags for fun. So do you have a calendar 151 00:08:15.000 --> 00:08:17.959 memorized or do you have a planner that has like, hey, 152 00:08:18.720 --> 00:08:19.560 change a flag today. 153 00:08:20.040 --> 00:08:22.800 I try and write significant dates on my calendar. 154 00:08:22.879 --> 00:08:25.480 Hmm, that's smart. Do you check it every day? 155 00:08:25.639 --> 00:08:27.040 I still have a written calendar? 156 00:08:27.120 --> 00:08:28.240 Oh, got me too, I'm. 157 00:08:28.160 --> 00:08:30.399 Very low check. I have a wall calendar on my 158 00:08:30.480 --> 00:08:33.960 wallet home and a desk calendar on my desk at work. 159 00:08:34.000 --> 00:08:37.399 And they're both handwritten notations, so they have to have 160 00:08:37.480 --> 00:08:39.879 big square so you can put things in them. And 161 00:08:39.919 --> 00:08:43.000 I'll just go back and forth and check. And there 162 00:08:43.039 --> 00:08:45.279 are a few historical calendars out there that are really 163 00:08:45.279 --> 00:08:47.120 fun to look at. You know, they have like on 164 00:08:47.159 --> 00:08:49.399 this day in history, and so you can you add 165 00:08:49.399 --> 00:08:51.559 those to your calendars, which I ever seem the significant 166 00:08:51.639 --> 00:08:54.120 or that you enjoy and put them on your calendar. 167 00:08:54.240 --> 00:08:57.159 Do you have a favorite looking flag, one that you're 168 00:08:57.200 --> 00:09:00.279 just like, man, I wish we had that one. 169 00:09:00.559 --> 00:09:03.120 Well, one of my favorite flags. Is hard to tell 170 00:09:03.120 --> 00:09:04.720 which one is your favorite, because there's a there's a 171 00:09:04.720 --> 00:09:07.039 flag I fly a lot at home. But a really 172 00:09:07.080 --> 00:09:09.240 cool looking flag is Ohio. 173 00:09:09.559 --> 00:09:13.240 What really, I'm sorry, Ohio for doubting you. Okay, tell 174 00:09:13.240 --> 00:09:13.840 me about it. 175 00:09:13.840 --> 00:09:15.440 It's a swallow tail. 176 00:09:15.360 --> 00:09:18.679 Pennant, Ohio, I had no idea you had what patent 177 00:09:18.720 --> 00:09:23.080 holding flag designer John Eisman describes as a quote triangular, 178 00:09:23.240 --> 00:09:26.639 forked or swallowtailed flag, corresponding to the shape generally known 179 00:09:26.840 --> 00:09:30.399 as a cavalriquid on or broad pennant. So beloved is 180 00:09:30.440 --> 00:09:34.240 Ohio's flag. It's even sold as a necklace. So a 181 00:09:34.320 --> 00:09:38.279 patented pennant pendant, if I may be a pedant. 182 00:09:38.639 --> 00:09:41.639 So that means it's pointy. But then the end isn't 183 00:09:41.639 --> 00:09:44.000 a point. It's got a swallow tail in it, so 184 00:09:44.159 --> 00:09:46.080 it can you can fly it upside down. It still 185 00:09:46.080 --> 00:09:49.360 looks right side up. But who else has a swallow 186 00:09:49.440 --> 00:09:50.639 tail pennant? 187 00:09:51.080 --> 00:09:53.399 No one? How they get so fancy? They got tuxtails. 188 00:09:53.559 --> 00:09:55.879 Well, it's all about the hills and the valleys and 189 00:09:55.919 --> 00:09:58.080 the rivers of Ohio. 190 00:09:57.840 --> 00:10:00.279 Oh Man and ever the rest of us. I'll just 191 00:10:00.360 --> 00:10:00.960 have squares. 192 00:10:01.320 --> 00:10:04.840 So there is a government specification on the ratio of 193 00:10:04.840 --> 00:10:08.000 the flag, the height and the width, but most of us, 194 00:10:08.159 --> 00:10:11.080 in practical usage will fly what's referred to as the 195 00:10:11.159 --> 00:10:11.919 NATO standard. 196 00:10:12.720 --> 00:10:16.360 Okay, some standard sizes three by five, four x six. 197 00:10:16.559 --> 00:10:19.240 But what's the smallest flag? You want to know? Is 198 00:10:19.279 --> 00:10:24.039 it the size of like your thumbnail, your pinky nail? Smaller? 199 00:10:24.519 --> 00:10:27.440 Is it the size of a crumb of banana bread? Oh, 200 00:10:27.879 --> 00:10:29.600 you have no idea. So I looked it up, and 201 00:10:29.639 --> 00:10:32.639 according to the Guinness Book of World Records, there exists 202 00:10:32.679 --> 00:10:36.919 a flag that is one one hundredth the width of 203 00:10:36.960 --> 00:10:41.240 a human hair. It's only viewable with an electron microscope. 204 00:10:41.360 --> 00:10:43.960 Who made this? What wizardry is this? What is on 205 00:10:44.120 --> 00:10:46.720 the flag a maple leaf? And it was made with 206 00:10:47.279 --> 00:10:51.679 UV photo lithography on a wafer coated with electrons sensitive 207 00:10:51.919 --> 00:10:56.600 hydrogen sales sequiozane film by the Institute for Quantum Computing 208 00:10:56.799 --> 00:11:00.320 NanoFab in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. I'm pretty sure I said 209 00:11:00.320 --> 00:11:04.600 some of those words wrong. Please bear with me, nanotechnologists, Canadians. 210 00:11:04.919 --> 00:11:09.279 This achievement is small, but it is mighty. It's absurdly 211 00:11:09.360 --> 00:11:13.200 awesome and it makes the palm size Hawaiian flag. Torri 212 00:11:13.279 --> 00:11:17.279 gave me. It just seems gargantuan in comparison. And now, okay, 213 00:11:17.320 --> 00:11:19.799 tell me a little bit about the Hawaiian flag, because 214 00:11:20.159 --> 00:11:22.840 what I know from being here this week is that 215 00:11:23.759 --> 00:11:26.559 there are great ways to make a statement with a 216 00:11:26.600 --> 00:11:30.320 flag that I didn't realize that you could do. And 217 00:11:30.399 --> 00:11:33.399 so the Hawaiian flag, how would you describe it? 218 00:11:35.080 --> 00:11:39.000 The Hawaiian flag is rectangular, The ratio is one to two, okay. 219 00:11:39.200 --> 00:11:42.519 It has a field of h stripes with white, red 220 00:11:42.519 --> 00:11:46.039 and blue alternating, and a union jack in the canton. 221 00:11:47.240 --> 00:11:50.279 Just a side note. A canton in vexillology is a 222 00:11:50.360 --> 00:11:53.919 quadrant of the flag, usually the upper left corner, which 223 00:11:53.960 --> 00:11:56.399 is like a position of honor on a flag. It's 224 00:11:56.440 --> 00:11:59.480 where on a US flag the fifty stars are. It's 225 00:11:59.480 --> 00:12:02.399 like a picture and picture but for flags. How did 226 00:12:02.399 --> 00:12:03.440 they come up with this design? 227 00:12:04.000 --> 00:12:07.320 So it was during the reign of Commandmea, the first 228 00:12:07.399 --> 00:12:12.360 where Hawai started trading, and so ships needed ways to 229 00:12:12.399 --> 00:12:15.399 recognize themselves when they went to foreign ports. And so 230 00:12:15.480 --> 00:12:18.960 when Hawaii started trading outside of Hawaii, they needed a 231 00:12:19.000 --> 00:12:22.039 flag to be recognized, and so they came up with 232 00:12:22.200 --> 00:12:26.519 the Hawaiian flag, and it was drafted by a British officer. 233 00:12:27.120 --> 00:12:29.840 Side note. Kamei Maya the Great was a ruler who 234 00:12:30.480 --> 00:12:33.679 united the Hawaiian Islands in the late seventeen hundreds. And 235 00:12:33.759 --> 00:12:34.679 here's a fun tidbit. 236 00:12:34.919 --> 00:12:38.960 His full name is Coloney put ya for here kaleki 237 00:12:39.279 --> 00:12:42.200 kekui kamemo, oh your loney. 238 00:12:43.840 --> 00:12:48.840 Hoke another fund tedbit. I did not say that Hawaiian 239 00:12:48.840 --> 00:12:52.120 born patron Iris McPherson did because I did not trust 240 00:12:52.200 --> 00:12:54.440 my mouth and brain and eyes to get it together 241 00:12:54.480 --> 00:12:55.240 on her anyway. 242 00:12:55.360 --> 00:12:59.759 Colony put ye for here kalekimi ke ekui kamemo. 243 00:12:59.320 --> 00:13:07.039 Oh your loney ruled through eighteen nineteen. And this has 244 00:13:07.120 --> 00:13:09.559 nothing to do with anything, but one of his wives 245 00:13:09.600 --> 00:13:11.879 took their throne after his death, and among the things 246 00:13:11.960 --> 00:13:16.200 she changed was that women were finally allowed to eat bananas. 247 00:13:16.399 --> 00:13:17.200 It's bananas. 248 00:13:17.360 --> 00:13:20.039 She was also Protestant. There was a lot of badness 249 00:13:20.039 --> 00:13:24.240 with missionaries. Eventually, the US took control of the Kingdom 250 00:13:24.279 --> 00:13:27.639 of Hawaii in eighteen ninety three in an overthrow the 251 00:13:27.720 --> 00:13:32.559 Congress assistance admitted was illegal, which is why, just in general, 252 00:13:32.679 --> 00:13:35.759 a Union jack flag seems a little awkward. It's kind 253 00:13:35.799 --> 00:13:38.639 of like dating someone who still has their exis name 254 00:13:38.799 --> 00:13:42.519 tattooed on their stomach, but also they never wanted to 255 00:13:42.639 --> 00:13:45.759 date you, but you're forcing them illegally anyway, everyone just 256 00:13:45.759 --> 00:13:47.759 shrugs like wow, that's a lot of bad stuff. 257 00:13:48.519 --> 00:13:50.639 And it does hold the Union Jack because of the 258 00:13:50.639 --> 00:13:55.840 close alliance between Hawaii and Britain at the time. Now, 259 00:13:56.159 --> 00:13:58.159 come hand me. The first liked flags too, so he 260 00:13:58.200 --> 00:14:00.679 would just fly whatever flag you liked. It is compound. 261 00:14:00.840 --> 00:14:03.559 Now, what is flown most commonly in Hawaii? 262 00:14:04.480 --> 00:14:09.080 You see the Hawaiian flag. Now, the Hawaiian flag, as 263 00:14:09.120 --> 00:14:13.320 far as I know, is the only flag that has 264 00:14:14.399 --> 00:14:17.679 flown unchanged for five different forms of government. 265 00:14:18.360 --> 00:14:20.480 Why is that? Why didn't they switch it up at all? 266 00:14:21.000 --> 00:14:23.519 I guess for continuity. I mean it flew under a 267 00:14:24.240 --> 00:14:28.200 absolute monarchy, constitutional monarchy, a republic, a territory, and a state, 268 00:14:28.240 --> 00:14:29.600 and they did not change the flag. 269 00:14:29.919 --> 00:14:32.919 When it became a state. The US didn't say like, okay, 270 00:14:33.399 --> 00:14:36.120 real cute, you got a Union Jack. That air is 271 00:14:36.159 --> 00:14:36.759 over people. 272 00:14:37.399 --> 00:14:40.440 Well you know it was there the territory and they 273 00:14:40.480 --> 00:14:41.559 just they kept the flag. 274 00:14:42.200 --> 00:14:45.120 And I have heard a little bit about the way 275 00:14:45.360 --> 00:14:52.759 the flag is flown can express different viewpoints, sentiments, protestations. 276 00:14:52.840 --> 00:14:57.759 Perhaps is it flown upside down right side? What what 277 00:14:57.799 --> 00:14:58.360 does it mean? 278 00:14:58.480 --> 00:15:01.080 So when a flag or any flag is flown upside 279 00:15:01.120 --> 00:15:03.879 down or visibly upside down, it's a sign of distress, 280 00:15:04.200 --> 00:15:08.000 a little help place. So it's usually like maybe sending 281 00:15:08.000 --> 00:15:10.440 out an SOS signal to somebody, because there was a 282 00:15:10.480 --> 00:15:13.440 time where flags were our communication. So when a ship 283 00:15:13.480 --> 00:15:16.639 came into port and you're expecting somebody to be on 284 00:15:16.679 --> 00:15:20.559 that ship, if you saw their flag at half mast 285 00:15:21.840 --> 00:15:24.480 masked on a ship, you knew somebody had passed away. 286 00:15:25.200 --> 00:15:27.320 If it was flying upside down, you know that that 287 00:15:27.399 --> 00:15:28.960 ship was in trouble or distress. 288 00:15:29.120 --> 00:15:32.039 Oh wow, you'd have to know a little bit about 289 00:15:32.039 --> 00:15:34.600 the flag that you're looking at. 290 00:15:34.559 --> 00:15:37.480 Correct right and then some flags they look the same 291 00:15:38.080 --> 00:15:40.679 right side, right side up or upside down. 292 00:15:40.799 --> 00:15:43.159 Oh no, what do you do? 293 00:15:43.200 --> 00:15:44.000 There'd be in trouble. 294 00:15:44.159 --> 00:15:46.320 Yeah, did you ever play flag football? 295 00:15:47.360 --> 00:15:48.399 I did play flag football? 296 00:15:48.600 --> 00:15:51.960 Were you like, I'm only using American and Hawaiian flags? 297 00:15:52.720 --> 00:15:55.120 Well, you have to remember when the term flag doesn't 298 00:15:55.159 --> 00:15:57.519 have to be these these these symbols. It could also 299 00:15:57.519 --> 00:16:01.039 be utilitarian, you know, like flag football, sprinkler flags, a 300 00:16:01.120 --> 00:16:03.320 checkered flag, you know, they have other meanings. And the 301 00:16:03.519 --> 00:16:05.200 more utilitarian semile four flags. 302 00:16:05.639 --> 00:16:07.679 What about uh surrender flags? 303 00:16:08.399 --> 00:16:10.559 That's more of an utilitarian tool because it didn't stand 304 00:16:10.559 --> 00:16:12.080 for anybody it was the white flag? 305 00:16:12.480 --> 00:16:14.320 Was that just someone taking gauze off? 306 00:16:14.360 --> 00:16:17.480 And what could be anything? I mean, you know, if 307 00:16:17.480 --> 00:16:19.440 you have the surrender, you use whatever you have. 308 00:16:19.600 --> 00:16:22.799 If someone take their underpants off, I got away something here? 309 00:16:23.039 --> 00:16:24.440 Can I ask you questions from listeners? 310 00:16:24.759 --> 00:16:27.360 Sure, I'm kind of exciting one hundred. 311 00:16:27.120 --> 00:16:30.960 And five questions about flags? But before we unfurl your questions, 312 00:16:31.039 --> 00:16:33.440 a few words from sponsors of the show, who make 313 00:16:33.440 --> 00:16:35.080 it possible for us to make a donation to a 314 00:16:35.159 --> 00:16:38.960 charity of each ologist choosing, and Tory said that he 315 00:16:38.960 --> 00:16:42.559 would like to go with Connecting to Collections Care, which 316 00:16:42.600 --> 00:16:45.159 is a program under the American Institute for Conservation that 317 00:16:45.279 --> 00:16:51.200 helps smaller cultural institutions provide good care for valuable collections 318 00:16:51.200 --> 00:16:53.600 and artifacts. So we will include a link in the 319 00:16:53.600 --> 00:16:56.120 show notes, and that donation is made possible by the 320 00:16:56.120 --> 00:16:57.879 following sponsors that I like very much. 321 00:16:58.840 --> 00:17:00.879 Drivers know what grubble sounds like? 322 00:17:01.360 --> 00:17:02.279 No? 323 00:17:02.279 --> 00:17:02.320 No? 324 00:17:03.960 --> 00:17:04.319 Okay? 325 00:17:05.039 --> 00:17:07.880 Forward, well no, no. 326 00:17:09.440 --> 00:17:13.000 No, that's why they get covered from Ireland's soundest car 327 00:17:13.039 --> 00:17:15.400 insurance provider, Supervalue Insurance. 328 00:17:15.680 --> 00:17:17.799 Thanks for calling us fin and don't beat your step 329 00:17:17.880 --> 00:17:20.839 up about it. 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So 340 00:17:49.799 --> 00:17:52.960 many of you wanted to know why they even exist, like, 341 00:17:53.000 --> 00:17:58.519 for example, Tarn Fernanz, Jack Steph, Julie Bear, Heather Decko, Erica, 342 00:17:58.680 --> 00:18:03.680 Ellen Vossakiel Holly Andrews, Deli Dames and jam Cruise. First 343 00:18:03.680 --> 00:18:06.920 time question asker says, was there a specific moment when 344 00:18:06.960 --> 00:18:09.039 flags became a thing for every country? 345 00:18:10.240 --> 00:18:13.480 Well, that's a good question because I would say flags 346 00:18:13.559 --> 00:18:16.519 and its use I mean go back to like Babylonia 347 00:18:16.680 --> 00:18:21.200 m hm and the Romans use them Okay, in different 348 00:18:21.240 --> 00:18:23.960 different styles and different ways. In Penance and Gonfalons as 349 00:18:24.000 --> 00:18:27.640 we use. But I think probably this is my opinion. 350 00:18:28.039 --> 00:18:30.160 You know, with the United Nations, the League of Nations 351 00:18:30.279 --> 00:18:32.440 or the United Nations, and then the Olympics is where 352 00:18:32.440 --> 00:18:35.920 you really needed something to rally behind politically, not necessarily 353 00:18:35.920 --> 00:18:40.880 for military. So I think flags really became more popular 354 00:18:40.880 --> 00:18:44.640 and more visible. And it's at the Olympics where you 355 00:18:44.680 --> 00:18:46.839 actually saw a duplication. Like there would be times where 356 00:18:46.880 --> 00:18:50.960 the country would have almost the same flag. Oh, sometimes 357 00:18:50.960 --> 00:18:52.400 the same color in the state, and so what do 358 00:18:52.440 --> 00:18:53.880 you do? It's like, you know, you show up at 359 00:18:53.880 --> 00:18:55.480 the party with the same dress. What do you do? 360 00:18:55.799 --> 00:18:58.319 Same gown of the oscars? You gotta change it? Now? 361 00:18:58.359 --> 00:19:00.000 Is that your favorite part of the Olympics? Are you 362 00:19:00.160 --> 00:19:01.240 there for the open ceremony? 363 00:19:01.359 --> 00:19:02.440 I like the opening ceremonies. 364 00:19:02.759 --> 00:19:05.119 Now. The next topic was also on the minds of 365 00:19:05.200 --> 00:19:08.519 patrons Megan King and Aviva Elizabeth Zane. Libram wants to 366 00:19:08.519 --> 00:19:10.440 know are there any vessels out there that still fly 367 00:19:10.599 --> 00:19:13.920 the black Jolly Roger flag and why do they do it? 368 00:19:14.240 --> 00:19:14.720 What is it? 369 00:19:14.799 --> 00:19:17.200 Okay? So are there are different So people think of 370 00:19:17.200 --> 00:19:19.640 the Jolly Roger as the one, and I've actually seen 371 00:19:19.640 --> 00:19:22.400 a Molly Roger. Oh so it's actually a kind of 372 00:19:22.480 --> 00:19:25.400 nine tails and the skull has liptick on it. The 373 00:19:25.480 --> 00:19:28.240 modern modern designer came with the Molly Roger. But you 374 00:19:28.440 --> 00:19:31.039 have these pirate flags, and they were slightly different, like 375 00:19:31.079 --> 00:19:34.640 I think Edward Teach had like a skeleton and a heart, 376 00:19:34.640 --> 00:19:36.400 and so they actually had meetings, but they were the 377 00:19:36.440 --> 00:19:40.440 black flag of the pirates. And not to endorse piracy, 378 00:19:40.480 --> 00:19:42.400 but you know there are those pirate ships that you 379 00:19:42.440 --> 00:19:45.200 can go on parties on they do fly the pirate flag. 380 00:19:45.559 --> 00:19:48.559 And why did they have that Jolly Roger? Was that 381 00:19:48.680 --> 00:19:51.119 just like a we're here and we're gonna mess your 382 00:19:51.319 --> 00:19:53.880 stuff up, so watch out everyone. 383 00:19:54.319 --> 00:19:56.799 Well that was that was the way that communicated with 384 00:19:56.839 --> 00:20:00.200 each other. And so sometimes a ship would fly a 385 00:20:00.240 --> 00:20:04.240 false flag to getting close and when they attacked, then 386 00:20:04.240 --> 00:20:07.079 they would fly up whatever flag that they're flying under. 387 00:20:07.279 --> 00:20:09.920 So privateers, remember privateers were the legal pirates, and then 388 00:20:09.960 --> 00:20:10.680 you had pirates. 389 00:20:10.920 --> 00:20:13.079 Oh, I didn't know that privateers were legal pirates. 390 00:20:13.240 --> 00:20:16.759 So a pirate would be raiding other ships, and a 391 00:20:16.799 --> 00:20:21.960 privateer was somebody waiting for their country. They were sanctioned. 392 00:20:23.119 --> 00:20:25.480 Ugh, so then they were just thieves and then they 393 00:20:25.480 --> 00:20:29.960 were like, I'm thieves for my country. Wow, Privateers Meredith. 394 00:20:30.000 --> 00:20:31.960 What we wants to know is there any significance in 395 00:20:31.960 --> 00:20:34.839 countries that have flags of the similar patterns and same 396 00:20:34.880 --> 00:20:38.599 colors but in different order, like France versus Paraguay, Belgium 397 00:20:38.640 --> 00:20:39.880 versus Germany, et cetera. 398 00:20:40.359 --> 00:20:42.960 Well, you have a lot of those we could say 399 00:20:42.960 --> 00:20:46.519 old world flags where they really are established and basing 400 00:20:46.559 --> 00:20:49.839 on national colors, so they're very, very simple, and so 401 00:20:49.880 --> 00:20:52.200