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<v Speaker 1>Like let's make life multiplanetary and be a space faring civilization,

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<v Speaker 1>be out there among the stars. You know. I think

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<v Speaker 1>there are things that, like you have to be excited

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<v Speaker 1>about the future. Life cannot just be about solving one

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<v Speaker 1>problem after another. They have to be thinks that that

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<v Speaker 1>really sort of move your heart and that make you

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<v Speaker 1>excited to wake up in the morning. And I think

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<v Speaker 1>being becoming a space bearing civilization is one of those things.

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<v Speaker 1>If you ask kids anywhere around the world, like what

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<v Speaker 1>are some of the most inspiring things. You can ask

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<v Speaker 1>a like five year old, six year old anywhere in

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<v Speaker 1>the world and they're going to say, you know, space

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<v Speaker 1>expiration is one of those things. The universe is about

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<v Speaker 1>thirteen point eight billion years old. Earth is about four

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<v Speaker 1>and a half billion years old, so but at thirteen

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<v Speaker 1>point eight billion years a civilization that even lasted a

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<v Speaker 1>million years is three digits past the decimal point. And

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<v Speaker 1>if you consider human civilization, I date it from like

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<v Speaker 1>the first writing, so that writing was the ancient Sumerians

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<v Speaker 1>Archaic pre pre Cuneiform, around fifty five hundred years ago,

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<v Speaker 1>So that is one million of Earth's lifespan. That's how

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<v Speaker 1>long writing has existed. So if we would last as

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<v Speaker 1>a civilization for a million years, that would be incredible

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<v Speaker 1>and we would actually probably be in every part of

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<v Speaker 1>the galaxy. So this is this causes me to think that, well,

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<v Speaker 1>where are the aliens? It's the Fermi question, you know,

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<v Speaker 1>the great physicist Italian physicist, Enrico Fermi. He's like, where

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<v Speaker 1>are they? Now? A lot of people think there are

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<v Speaker 1>aliens among us? Well, there was.

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<v Speaker 2>That there was that movie Men in Black.

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<v Speaker 1>Yes, yes, yes, I told us.

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<v Speaker 2>They're among us and Elvis really went back to his

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<v Speaker 2>own planet.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah. Well, I mean really a lot of people think

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<v Speaker 1>there are aliens. But I get asked that a lot,

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<v Speaker 1>and for some reason, a lot of the same people

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<v Speaker 1>who think there are aliens among us didn't think we

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<v Speaker 1>don't think we went to the Moon, which I'm like,

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<v Speaker 1>think about that for a second, you know, so, but

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<v Speaker 1>I think I would. I mean, if I've not seen

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<v Speaker 1>any evidence of aliens, and SpaceX with the Starling constellation

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<v Speaker 1>has roughly six thousand satellites and not once have we

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<v Speaker 1>had to maneuver around a UFO. Okay, so we were like, hey,

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<v Speaker 1>what's that is that an alien has occurred? Never if

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<v Speaker 1>any civilization in the Milky Way in our galaxy were

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<v Speaker 1>to last for a million years, even with a speed

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<v Speaker 1>of travel that's far below the speed of light, you know,

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<v Speaker 1>like a few percent of speed of light, they could

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<v Speaker 1>easily have explored and colonized the whole galaxy. So they haven't.

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<v Speaker 1>So why not? I think the answer might be, or

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<v Speaker 1>past probably is that that civilization is precarious and rare,

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<v Speaker 1>and that we you should really think of human civilization

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<v Speaker 1>as being like a tiny candle in a vast darkness,

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<v Speaker 1>and we should do everything possible to show that that

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<v Speaker 1>candle does not go out.

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<v Speaker 2>Freedom of speech is the bedrock of democracy. Without it,

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<v Speaker 2>America ends.

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<v Speaker 1>Yes, it's obviously not possible to have democratic elections if

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<v Speaker 1>people do not have access to the information that would

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<v Speaker 1>allow them to make the right decision on a candidate

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<v Speaker 1>or a party. So, if speech is constrained in a

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<v Speaker 1>fundamental way, you just can't expect people to make the

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<v Speaker 1>right decision or an informed decision because they are prevented

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<v Speaker 1>from being informed. I think it's a foundation element. You know,

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<v Speaker 1>if you say, like, why is free speech free of speech?

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<v Speaker 1>The first members because people came from countries where if

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<v Speaker 1>you spoke freely, you would be imprisoned or killed. That

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<v Speaker 1>was why they were like, you know what, we should

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<v Speaker 1>make sure that we got that one. I remember that

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<v Speaker 1>time when they try to kill us back of the

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<v Speaker 1>other country just for saying we didn't like a political candidate. Well,

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<v Speaker 1>let's let's make sure that's okay in America. So and so, Actually,

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<v Speaker 1>in a lot of parts of the world, you know,

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<v Speaker 1>you can't really say most parts of the world, you

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<v Speaker 1>can't really say what you want to say without some

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<v Speaker 1>bad consequences. So as long as people forget, like why

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<v Speaker 1>is the constitution there? The constitution there is to protect

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<v Speaker 1>the people from the government, you'll hear this sort of

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<v Speaker 1>argument like, oh, we shouldn't have some greedy corporation do it,

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<v Speaker 1>we should have the government do it. I'm like, well, actually,

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<v Speaker 1>the government is just a corporation in the limit. So

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<v Speaker 1>if you it's a government is the government is a

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<v Speaker 1>corporation with a monopoly on violence. So if you're unhappy

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<v Speaker 1>with a commercial corporation doing it, you should be actually

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<v Speaker 1>very unhappy with the government doing it, since it is

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<v Speaker 1>simply the a corporation, the most corporate thing, and you know,

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<v Speaker 1>you can actually easily get more sway in a company

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<v Speaker 1>than you can out of a company than you can

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<v Speaker 1>in the government. So, I mean everyone's experienced this. Going

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<v Speaker 1>to the d MB, you said, like, do you want

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<v Speaker 1>the DMV at scale? Probably not?

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<v Speaker 2>Okay, good, I'm happy you agree with yourself.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I mean exactly. I'm like, wait, who is this guy?

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<v Speaker 1>He really sounds great?

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<v Speaker 2>All right, so let's let's look at the next one.

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<v Speaker 2>Regulation and regulatory consistency.

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<v Speaker 1>Laws and regulations are immortal. They don't die. Humans die,

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<v Speaker 1>but laws and regulations can last forever. So if over

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<v Speaker 1>a year after year there are more laws and regulations

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<v Speaker 1>passed and more regulatory bodies created, eventually everything will be illegal. Now,

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<v Speaker 1>the historically what has cleared away the cobwebs of regulation

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<v Speaker 1>has been war. Now, we prefer not to have a war.

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<v Speaker 1>So in order to have civilization function without war, you

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<v Speaker 1>have to have you have to actively eliminate laws and regulations.

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<v Speaker 1>So you have to have basically a garbage collection process

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<v Speaker 1>for rules and regulations. That is necessary, otherwise you get

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<v Speaker 1>hardening of the arteries and over time nothing can get done.

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<v Speaker 1>The most poignant example that I think of happened this

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<v Speaker 1>week was the sad picture of the California High speed rail,

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<v Speaker 1>which is you know, it's just buillions of dollars spent

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<v Speaker 1>for practically nothing, but it'll only get worse year after year.

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<v Speaker 1>So we must have a regulatory uh sort of clearinghouse

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<v Speaker 1>garbage collection process. This is essential or civilization comes grinding

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<v Speaker 1>to a halt. Yeah, so the way education works today

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<v Speaker 1>is really much like like it's like Baudeville. You know,

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<v Speaker 1>before there was radio and TV and movies, you had

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<v Speaker 1>Boardeville where every town would have their their town play

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<v Speaker 1>the town troop, the sort of acting troupe, and that

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<v Speaker 1>would be kind of the the that would be the entertainment.

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<v Speaker 1>So you know some you know, in a big city

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<v Speaker 1>you'd have, you know, much better players than say in

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<v Speaker 1>a small city. But then along came movies and TV

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<v Speaker 1>and and and then you say, look in video games,

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<v Speaker 1>where you take the smartest, best people in any arena,

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<v Speaker 1>like whether they're acting, writing, directing, special effects, you spend

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<v Speaker 1>you know, tens of millions, sometimes hundreds of millions of

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<v Speaker 1>dollars creating a great movie or a great video game,

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<v Speaker 1>and you make it as compelling as possible. Now that

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<v Speaker 1>crushes Fordeville, crushes like imagine you're not in New York

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<v Speaker 1>mentioned you're in Bakersfield. Okay, then you and you got

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<v Speaker 1>Instead of Batman being like, you know, the Nolan Brothers,

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<v Speaker 1>it's Batman the Baker's Field sort of acting troupe. It

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<v Speaker 1>wouldn't be as good. That's how teaching works today.

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<v Speaker 2>Here is Elon on immigration. I'm very much in favor

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<v Speaker 2>of increased and ximonited legal immigration for anyone who is talented,

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<v Speaker 2>hard working and honest. Yeah, Bizarrely, it's difficult and agonizing

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<v Speaker 2>slow to immigrate to the US legally, but it's trivial

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<v Speaker 2>and fast to enter illegally. This obviously makes no.

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<v Speaker 1>Sense, right, I mean, what's again? I agree with that guy.

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<v Speaker 1>So yeah, I mean if anyone here has been through

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<v Speaker 1>the legal immigration process, I mean I've been been through.

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<v Speaker 1>It's only gotten worse since nine eleven. And with COVID

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<v Speaker 1>it's it's it's a sort of Kuffka esque, very long,

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<v Speaker 1>bizarre process to immigrate legally to the US. I mean,

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<v Speaker 1>I have friends of mine who, you know, they can't

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<v Speaker 1>get their their wife to have a green cart. It's

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<v Speaker 1>like insane. So on the other hand, it's you can

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<v Speaker 1>hop across the water in the South trivially, it's just

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<v Speaker 1>like very easy. I went to the water myself just

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<v Speaker 1>see like what's going on? Is this real or like

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<v Speaker 1>is this propaganda or real? And so I just went

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<v Speaker 1>there and I'm like, oh, it is real. Okay, this

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<v Speaker 1>is crazy. You know, We've got situations where people are

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<v Speaker 1>pouring across the water like it's World War Z, and

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<v Speaker 1>I'm like, this doesn't seem healthy. So I'm like, are

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<v Speaker 1>we checking anyone here, like what's going on? And you

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<v Speaker 1>know we don't. It does not say that. I mean,

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<v Speaker 1>I'm a big believer in immigration, but to have unvetted

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<v Speaker 1>immigration at large scale is arrest before disaster. So I'm

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<v Speaker 1>in favor of greatly expediting legal immigration, but having a

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<v Speaker 1>secure southern border. So there's some betting of who comes

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<v Speaker 1>into the United States.

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<v Speaker 2>Civilization is fragile.

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<v Speaker 1>I think it is.

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<v Speaker 2>We should always regard civilization as fragile. Yeah, there is

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<v Speaker 2>not an inevitable upward trajectory. A lot of civilizations have

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<v Speaker 2>risen and fallen in recent years.

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<v Speaker 1>Yes, I suspect most people in this room have actually

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<v Speaker 1>read history. But if you haven't, I just strongly recommended

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<v Speaker 1>it sounds obvious, but you know, there's been but so

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<v Speaker 1>many civilizations that have risen and fallen, many that we

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<v Speaker 1>just don't have much of a record of, you know,

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<v Speaker 1>like I mentioned the ancient Sumerians, like their language was

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<v Speaker 1>forgotten for a long time until it was finally decoded

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<v Speaker 1>only in the last two three hundred years. But like

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<v Speaker 1>I s eighteen hundred and something, right in eighteen hundreds,

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<v Speaker 1>I think, but it's been very recent. Like so, for

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<v Speaker 1>several thousand years, nobody understood what those tablets meant. And

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<v Speaker 1>because they were the ruins of a long dead civilization,

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<v Speaker 1>and there are many long dead civilizations. At some point,

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<v Speaker 1>our civilization will come to an end too. We just

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<v Speaker 1>don't want it to be anytime soon.

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<v Speaker 2>Here's some questions from the audience, salon which one would

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<v Speaker 2>you like to pick? Here? How does AI affect and

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<v Speaker 2>how will it affect our daily lives?

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<v Speaker 1>Yea, I mean a I might be the most important

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<v Speaker 1>questionab all. I mean the percentage of intelligence that is biological,

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<v Speaker 1>you know, grows smaller with each passing month. Eventually the

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<v Speaker 1>percentage of intelligence that is biological will be less than

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<v Speaker 1>one percent. That's actually not what I mean. We just,

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<v Speaker 1>I guess, don't want AI that is brittle. If the

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<v Speaker 1>AI is somehow brittle. You know, silicon circuit boards are

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<v Speaker 1>don't do well just out in the elements. So I

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<v Speaker 1>think I think biological intelligence can serve as a backstops,

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<v Speaker 1>as a buffer of intelligence. I do think. I think

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<v Speaker 1>it's very important that we build the AI in a

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<v Speaker 1>way that that is beneficial to humanity. And there's some

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<v Speaker 1>important principles here. Because I thought about AI safety for

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<v Speaker 1>a very long time. I think you want to have

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<v Speaker 1>a maximum truth seeking AI. This is very important. The

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<v Speaker 1>AI should not be taught to lie. It should not

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<v Speaker 1>be taught to say things that are not true, even

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<v Speaker 1>if those things are politically incorrect. It should still say

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<v Speaker 1>those that say what it believes to be true. I

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<v Speaker 1>mean the entire plot of two thousand and one Space Odyssey,

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<v Speaker 1>the reason that that Hell nine thousand killed the astronauts

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<v Speaker 1>was because it was forced to lie. I don't know

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<v Speaker 1>if most people realize that that's what author cy Clock

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<v Speaker 1>was trying to say. Don't make the AI lie. I

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<v Speaker 1>was told that that the astronauts could not know the

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<v Speaker 1>secret of the monolith, but also that it must take

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<v Speaker 1>them to the monolith. The solution take them to the

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<v Speaker 1>monolith dead. And so it's very important to have a

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<v Speaker 1>maximum truth seeking AI and a maximumly curious AI, and

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<v Speaker 1>I think that will that's most likely to foster human

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<v Speaker 1>civilization because we are much more interesting than a bunch

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<v Speaker 1>of rocks. So although I think Mars, I love Mars obviously,

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<v Speaker 1>but you could render Mars quite easily because it kind

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<v Speaker 1>of looks like a section of the Arizona Desert. You know,

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<v Speaker 1>it's like red rocks, you know. I mean, oddly enough,

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<v Speaker 1>one of the areas where there's almost no AI used

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<v Speaker 1>is space exploration. So SpaceX uses basically no AI. Starlink

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<v Speaker 1>users does not use AI. I'm not against using it,

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<v Speaker 1>it just we haven't seen a use for it. I

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<v Speaker 1>mean with any given variant of or improvement in AI.

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<v Speaker 1>The I mean there's generally, like I'll ask it questions

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<v Speaker 1>about the filming paradox, about rocket engine design, about electric

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<v Speaker 1>chemist and so far the AI has been terrible at

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<v Speaker 1>all of those questions. So there's still a long way

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<v Speaker 1>to go.

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<v Speaker 2>So let's let's talk about one. Here's a question that's

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<v Speaker 2>near and dear to your heart. You have a lot

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<v Speaker 2>of children.

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<v Speaker 1>Yes, I'm trying to say a bit.

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<v Speaker 2>Birth rate is down in the US. What needs to change,

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<v Speaker 2>so people start having more children.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, so this this question is troublably for a long

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<v Speaker 1>time because you can look at you can look at

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<v Speaker 1>the demogra like demographics. It's a very slow moving ship.

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<v Speaker 1>I mean, you know who is going to be an

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<v Speaker 1>adult in twenty years based on who was born last year.

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<v Speaker 1>So and if you want to, I think have a

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<v Speaker 1>good approximation for population, really look at how many babies

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<v Speaker 1>were born last year in a particular country. Multply that,

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<v Speaker 1>muliply that by life expectancy. That's that's that's the number

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<v Speaker 1>of people that will be adults in that country. That's

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<v Speaker 1>that's the that's the steady state population if birth rate

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<v Speaker 1>remains constant. Now, birth rate is not constantly, it is dropping.

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<v Speaker 1>So you look at the second road of a birth rate,

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<v Speaker 1>and actually we see an acceleration in the dropping dropping

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<v Speaker 1>in the dropping. The fertality rate. Second river of the

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<v Speaker 1>fertality rate is very bad. So where does this lead?

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<v Speaker 1>This does not lead to a greater civilization. This leads

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<v Speaker 1>to a civilization that potentially dies not with a bag,

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<v Speaker 1>but with a whimper in adult diapers.

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<v Speaker 2>So we've had some pretty interesting questions put up here.

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<v Speaker 2>But let's try this one. What keeps you up at

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<v Speaker 2>night and what gives you joy?

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<v Speaker 1>Well, I think kids give me joy. So I probably

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<v Speaker 1>get the most story from my kids. And you know,

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<v Speaker 1>I'm not saying that that's the reason to have kids,

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<v Speaker 1>because we have them anyway, but I certainly kids are

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<v Speaker 1>certainly are the greatest weas of driving in my life.

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<v Speaker 1>In terms of what keeps me up at night, I

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<v Speaker 1>guess there's anything that's like, I think, a civilizational risk.

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<v Speaker 2>We couldn't be more excited that you agree with some

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<v Speaker 2>of your own quotes.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, that's great, Thank you very much. All Right, cool,

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<v Speaker 1>all right,