1 00:00:00,240 --> 00:00:04,080 Speaker 1: Have you ever been writing something, or maybe even talking 2 00:00:04,120 --> 00:00:08,519 to someone and you find yourself stuck on a couple 3 00:00:08,560 --> 00:00:13,119 of super common words because you're not sure which one 4 00:00:13,519 --> 00:00:17,719 is actually the right one to use. I think that 5 00:00:17,879 --> 00:00:22,359 happens to us language learners from time to time. Let's 6 00:00:22,440 --> 00:00:30,120 discuss Welcome to another Happy English podcast, coming to you 7 00:00:30,199 --> 00:00:34,240 from New York City, and here's your English teacher, Michael. 8 00:00:34,840 --> 00:00:39,159 All right, thank you John, and thanks everyone. It's Michael 9 00:00:39,200 --> 00:00:44,039 here from Happy English and I help people speak English better. 10 00:00:44,640 --> 00:00:51,119 This is Happy English Podcast, Episode seven sixty four. Just 11 00:00:51,719 --> 00:00:56,799 and only. Well, today we're going to take a deep 12 00:00:56,920 --> 00:01:02,280 dive into one set of those words, just and only. 13 00:01:02,960 --> 00:01:06,879 But before I get into all the details, let's start 14 00:01:06,920 --> 00:01:11,760 with the basics at their most basic level. Just and 15 00:01:11,840 --> 00:01:18,000 only can both mean no more than or merely. Like 16 00:01:18,840 --> 00:01:23,480 imagine you're buying something online and the shipping is super cheap. 17 00:01:24,120 --> 00:01:28,599 You might say it costs just five dollars to ship, 18 00:01:29,319 --> 00:01:34,280 or it only costs five dollars to ship both just 19 00:01:34,640 --> 00:01:41,280 and only work perfectly in that context. Or you're in 20 00:01:41,359 --> 00:01:44,879 the office and your coworker tells you that you only 21 00:01:45,040 --> 00:01:48,760 have one more day to finish the big project you're 22 00:01:48,799 --> 00:01:54,200 working on. And you think, wow, just one more day. 23 00:01:55,000 --> 00:01:59,879 We may need to work overtime tonight. In situations like this, 24 00:02:00,879 --> 00:02:04,000 justin only are used with the same meaning, which is 25 00:02:04,640 --> 00:02:10,280 no more than. For example, I can say I just 26 00:02:10,439 --> 00:02:15,360 need twenty minutes more to finish this report, or I 27 00:02:15,439 --> 00:02:20,000 only need twenty minutes more to finish this report. And 28 00:02:20,120 --> 00:02:24,280 speaking of similarities, let me mention about where these words 29 00:02:24,400 --> 00:02:29,120 basically go in a sentence. We usually put just and 30 00:02:29,520 --> 00:02:34,159 only before the verb like I just finished lunch, or 31 00:02:34,800 --> 00:02:39,240 she just told me what happened, or we only have 32 00:02:39,360 --> 00:02:42,680 an hour before our flight. But when it comes to 33 00:02:42,719 --> 00:02:47,800 the B verb, justin only come after it, like I'm 34 00:02:48,039 --> 00:02:51,719 just so hungry this morning, or I'm only gonna eat 35 00:02:51,800 --> 00:02:57,080 toast or Jack is just leaving the office. Now, what 36 00:02:57,240 --> 00:03:01,639 about the meaning and usage that That's where the differences 37 00:03:01,800 --> 00:03:06,039 come into play. We can use just and not only 38 00:03:06,719 --> 00:03:10,599 to mean a moment ago or in the immediate past. 39 00:03:11,400 --> 00:03:15,360 You can say things like I just woke up, so 40 00:03:15,520 --> 00:03:20,960 I'm still sleepy. Here, we can't say I only woke up. 41 00:03:21,960 --> 00:03:26,520 I just woke up, so I'm still sleepy. I just 42 00:03:26,599 --> 00:03:31,360 heard about your accident, are you okay? I'm not hungry 43 00:03:31,439 --> 00:03:37,120 because I just ate lunch. We also use just to 44 00:03:37,199 --> 00:03:40,960 mean exactly, like when I wake up in the morning, 45 00:03:41,360 --> 00:03:46,280 a cup of coffee is just what I need. Kelly's 46 00:03:46,360 --> 00:03:50,960 daughter is just as tall as she is now. I 47 00:03:51,000 --> 00:03:54,840 think I'm gonna buy that laptop. It's just what I 48 00:03:54,960 --> 00:04:01,080 need for editing podcasts. Another way that we use is 49 00:04:01,120 --> 00:04:05,439 that just can add emphasis to what you're saying. This 50 00:04:05,520 --> 00:04:09,520 way just can be a good substitute for really, like 51 00:04:10,439 --> 00:04:15,479 I just love my job. The pizza in this restaurant 52 00:04:15,719 --> 00:04:20,279 is just the best I've ever had. And just can 53 00:04:20,399 --> 00:04:26,279 also be used to mean barely or hardly. There's just 54 00:04:26,480 --> 00:04:30,839 enough milk for one bowl of cereal. Jack took on 55 00:04:30,879 --> 00:04:34,480 a second job because he just earns enough money to 56 00:04:34,560 --> 00:04:39,160 pay his bills with his day job. And this is 57 00:04:39,199 --> 00:04:44,920 where only comes in. Only has the meaning of nobody 58 00:04:45,199 --> 00:04:50,399 or nothing more than that. Only the bank manager has 59 00:04:50,519 --> 00:04:54,959 the keys to the vault. Nobody more than the manager. 60 00:04:55,680 --> 00:05:01,040 Only the manager. Only gives us a lie, emitting sense 61 00:05:01,519 --> 00:05:05,399 that there is no more than something. When they were 62 00:05:05,519 --> 00:05:10,879 lost on the island, they had only berries to eat. Yeah, 63 00:05:11,519 --> 00:05:16,480 nothing more than berries. When I went to take the exam, 64 00:05:16,680 --> 00:05:20,439 the professor said I needed a pen, but I only 65 00:05:20,519 --> 00:05:24,839 had a few pencils because I dropped my only pen 66 00:05:25,480 --> 00:05:29,560 when I got off the subway. It was my only pen. 67 00:05:30,560 --> 00:05:34,879 Nothing more. Well, it seems like we just came to 68 00:05:34,959 --> 00:05:38,480 the closing part of this English lesson. I only have 69 00:05:38,639 --> 00:05:43,399 one more idea for you today, and that is keep 70 00:05:43,399 --> 00:05:45,839 in mind. The best way to remember this kind of 71 00:05:45,959 --> 00:05:50,360 vocabulary is to take that vocabulary, write it in a 72 00:05:50,399 --> 00:05:53,800 sentence that's true for you or true in your world, 73 00:05:53,879 --> 00:05:58,720 and then memorize your sentences. Hey, did you know that 74 00:05:58,759 --> 00:06:01,160 you can get the chance to practice this kind of 75 00:06:01,199 --> 00:06:05,399 English with me directly? You can get more practice using 76 00:06:05,439 --> 00:06:09,839 your English when you join my podcast Learner's study group. 77 00:06:10,480 --> 00:06:14,399 There you can make new friends, join us for live 78 00:06:14,480 --> 00:06:19,399 group lessons every week where we practice these podcast lessons together. 79 00:06:20,279 --> 00:06:24,399 Plus you get access to the pdf, transcript and audio 80 00:06:24,519 --> 00:06:28,879 download for every Happy English podcast in the past and 81 00:06:29,040 --> 00:06:32,360 in the future. And on top of that, each episode 82 00:06:32,399 --> 00:06:36,319 has exercises where you can practice this English point with 83 00:06:36,480 --> 00:06:40,680 speaking and writing checked by me. To learn more, just 84 00:06:40,800 --> 00:06:45,920 visit Myhappy English dot com and choose podcast lesson seven 85 00:06:46,120 --> 00:06:50,800 sixty four. Remember, learning another language is not easy, but 86 00:06:50,879 --> 00:06:54,680 it's not impossible, and I'm here to help you. On 87 00:06:54,879 --> 00:06:55,959 your journey. 88 00:06:56,360 --> 00:06:59,439 Speaker 2: This podcast is brought to you by Happy English. Please 89 00:06:59,519 --> 00:07:04,079 visit Myhappy english dot com. Show your support for happy 90 00:07:04,120 --> 00:07:07,839 English by leaving us a review. Get English, Get happy, 91 00:07:08,079 --> 00:07:21,240 Happy English.