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<v Speaker 1>As dark clouds were covering the sky. People were screaming

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<v Speaker 1>in desperation, searching for a place to hide, but the

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<v Speaker 1>shelters they found weren't going to protect them from the

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<v Speaker 1>disaster that was about to begin. On the horizon, a

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<v Speaker 1>tremendous hurricane was approaching, piercing the darkness. The heavy downpour

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<v Speaker 1>of rain that it brought was flooding everything. Even trees

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<v Speaker 1>and mountains could not resist the power of this natural

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<v Speaker 1>disaster and disappeared under the water. But in the midst

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<v Speaker 1>of all these chaos, a ship was floating on the water,

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<v Speaker 1>not being effected at all by this catastrophe. It was

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<v Speaker 1>as if an invisible hand was carefully protecting it and

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<v Speaker 1>insuring the safety of those on board. This was neither

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<v Speaker 1>a coincidence nor chance, for the almighty power who brought

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<v Speaker 1>this flood upon the earth had commanded his profit to

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<v Speaker 1>build this ark and was now protecting it along with

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<v Speaker 1>its passengers. This ark was the hope of the survivors

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<v Speaker 1>and the good news of a new beginning. This was

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<v Speaker 1>the Ark of Prophet Noah. This is probably one of

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<v Speaker 1>the most famous stories of human history, which has been

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<v Speaker 1>the subject of many many movies. You might think that

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<v Speaker 1>the whole world knows this story the way you do. However,

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<v Speaker 1>there are significant differences between the Christian and the Stamic narrative. Today,

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<v Speaker 1>we're going to look at this story from the perspectives

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<v Speaker 1>of the Koran and the Bible and compare the communalities

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<v Speaker 1>and differences between them. What kind of struggle did Prophet

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<v Speaker 1>Noah face, What was the reason for such a powerful flood,

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<v Speaker 1>How did things get to that point, how did those

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<v Speaker 1>on the arcs survive that huge disaster? And what happened

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<v Speaker 1>when it was all over. If you're ready, let's beakin.

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<v Speaker 1>Noah piece pepon him was born in the region called Mesopotamia.

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<v Speaker 1>He was a respected, well known, morally upright person who

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<v Speaker 1>had been living among his people for many years. But

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<v Speaker 1>the society he lived in was very different from him.

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<v Speaker 1>It was a nation whether strong oppressed the weak, where

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<v Speaker 1>people had reached the highest level of immorality, where evil

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<v Speaker 1>and arrogance dominate their hearts. They were making statues of

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<v Speaker 1>wise men from their nation who had died in the past.

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<v Speaker 1>Then their love for them turned into worship, and eventually

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<v Speaker 1>they forgot their actual creator. This was the nation that

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<v Speaker 1>Noah peas peupon him was sent to as a prophet.

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<v Speaker 1>He struggled day and night to warn them about the

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<v Speaker 1>wrong practices that they were doing, and tried to convince

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<v Speaker 1>them to stop them. The process leading up to the

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<v Speaker 1>construction of his famous arc is not mentioned in the Bible.

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<v Speaker 1>The details of this part are generally found in the Quran.

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<v Speaker 1>In the fifty ninth verse of surrotar Arav, God says

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<v Speaker 1>we had certainly sent Noah to his people, and he said, O,

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<v Speaker 1>my people, worship all Llah. You have no deity other

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<v Speaker 1>than him. Indeed, I fear for you the punishment of

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<v Speaker 1>a tremendous day. Noah was trying with all his might

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<v Speaker 1>to rescue his people from the dark and corrupt state

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<v Speaker 1>that they were in. His nation, on the other hand,

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<v Speaker 1>sometimes responded with arrogance and sometimes plucked their ears and

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<v Speaker 1>passed by. They accused their prophet of being deviated and

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<v Speaker 1>tried to intimidate him with all kinds of insult words.

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<v Speaker 1>They insisted on holding on to their false beliefs. They said,

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<v Speaker 1>never leave your gods and never live wed soa Yaruth,

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<v Speaker 1>Yarouk and Nusser. They rejected Noah's imitation, thinking that he

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<v Speaker 1>was only doing it for his personal gain. But the

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<v Speaker 1>answer they got from Noah was quite clear, and I

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<v Speaker 1>do not ask you for any payment. My payment is

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<v Speaker 1>only from the Lord of the world. But still they

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<v Speaker 1>were constantly trying to discredit Noah. They were making fun

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<v Speaker 1>of him and of those who believed in it. They said,

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<v Speaker 1>should we believe you while you are followed by the

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<v Speaker 1>lowest class of people. Despite all the transgressions of his people,

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<v Speaker 1>he was still compassionate towards them and wanted to protect

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<v Speaker 1>them from the punishment that was coming their way. However,

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<v Speaker 1>only a handful of people believed in Noah, while others

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<v Speaker 1>continued to be deviant and increase their persecution day by day.

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<v Speaker 1>The situation was becoming unbearable. Over the years, he realized

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<v Speaker 1>that no matter what he might do, his people wouldn't

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<v Speaker 1>turn from the path of idolatry. As a last resort,

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<v Speaker 1>he called out to his Lord and made this prayer.

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<v Speaker 1>He said, my Lord, in indeed my people had denied me,

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<v Speaker 1>then judge between me and them with decisive judgment, and

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<v Speaker 1>save me and whoever is with me out of the believers.

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<v Speaker 1>Prophet Noah, who struggled for his people for many years,

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<v Speaker 1>who didn't give up on them until the last moment,

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<v Speaker 1>who endured all the oppression and torture, was now waiting

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<v Speaker 1>for the judgment of his Lord between him and his people.

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<v Speaker 1>So what would be the decision of God. We will

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<v Speaker 1>get to all that, but before we move forward, let's

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<v Speaker 1>see how this part of the story is described in

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<v Speaker 1>the Bible. Noah was a righteous man, blameless among the

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<v Speaker 1>people of his time, and he walked faithfully with God.

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<v Speaker 1>Noah had three sons, Sham, Pam, and Jayfith. Now the

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<v Speaker 1>earth was corrupt in God's sight and was full of violence.

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<v Speaker 1>God saw how corrupt the earth had become, for all

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<v Speaker 1>the people on earth had corrupted their ways. The Lord

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<v Speaker 1>saw how great the wickedness of the human race had

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<v Speaker 1>become on the earth, and that every inclination of the

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<v Speaker 1>thoughts of the human heart was only evil all the time.

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<v Speaker 1>The Lord regretted that he had made human beings on

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<v Speaker 1>the earth, and his heart was deeply troubled. According to

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<v Speaker 1>the Bible, the chain of events that led to God's

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<v Speaker 1>regret started when some entities called sons of God wanted

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<v Speaker 1>to marry human women. When human beings began to increase

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<v Speaker 1>in number on the earth and daughters were born to them,

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<v Speaker 1>the sons of God, so that the daughters of humans

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<v Speaker 1>were beautiful, and they married any one of them they chose.

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<v Speaker 1>And with these marriages, evil multiplied on the earth, and

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<v Speaker 1>humans turned into oppressors. So the Lord said, I will

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<v Speaker 1>wipe from the face of the earth the human race

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<v Speaker 1>I have created, and with them the animals, the birds,

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<v Speaker 1>and the creatures that move along the ground, for I

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<v Speaker 1>regret that I have made them. In the Koran, there

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<v Speaker 1>is no mention of God's regret, and in fact can

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<v Speaker 1>never be, because regret is a result of weaknesses, like

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<v Speaker 1>making mistakes and not being able to foresee things. And

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<v Speaker 1>since the concept of God in the Tame is perfect,

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<v Speaker 1>such flawed characteristics can never be attributed to him. Finally,

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<v Speaker 1>after a long wait, God's command has come. So what

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<v Speaker 1>was that command? God addressed Noah, saying, no one will

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<v Speaker 1>believe from your people except those who have already believed.

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<v Speaker 1>So do not be distressed by what they have been doing,

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<v Speaker 1>and construct the ship under our observation and our inspiration,

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<v Speaker 1>and do not address me concerning those who have wronged. Indeed,

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<v Speaker 1>they are to be drowned. In the Bible, however, God

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<v Speaker 1>commanded Noah in the following way. So make yourself an

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<v Speaker 1>ark of cypress wood, make rooms in it, and coate

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<v Speaker 1>it with pitch inside and out. This is how you

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<v Speaker 1>are to build it. The ark is to be three

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<v Speaker 1>hundred cubits long, fifty cub is wide, and thirty cub

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<v Speaker 1>is high. And after giving more and more details about

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<v Speaker 1>the ship. According to the Bible, God said, I am

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<v Speaker 1>going to bring flood waters on the earth to destroy

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<v Speaker 1>all life under the heavens, every creature that has the

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<v Speaker 1>breath of life in it. Everything on earth will perish.

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<v Speaker 1>But I will establish my covenant with you, and you

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<v Speaker 1>will enter the Ark, you and your sons, and your wife,

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<v Speaker 1>and your sons wives with you. According to the Christian narrative,

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<v Speaker 1>the only human beings to board the Ark were Noah's family,

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<v Speaker 1>but in Islamic narrative, although their numbers were few, all

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<v Speaker 1>the believers would get on board, but not all of

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<v Speaker 1>his family would be allowed to be on the ark,

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<v Speaker 1>which would cause Noah one of the greatest pains of

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<v Speaker 1>his life. Noah peep on him started to build the

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<v Speaker 1>ark upon the order he received from God. When the

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<v Speaker 1>idle worshippers saw him building an arc, they started mocking him.

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<v Speaker 1>They were saying things like, you stopped being a prophet

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<v Speaker 1>and became a carpenter. You're building an arc in the

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<v Speaker 1>middle of a dry land. How will we make it sail? Indeed,

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<v Speaker 1>there was no sea where Noah was building the ark,

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<v Speaker 1>so how was the ship really going to move? Noah

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<v Speaker 1>didn't pay attention to any of these things and focused

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<v Speaker 1>on doing what God had commanded him to do. He

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<v Speaker 1>knew very well that his Master, the infinitely Powerful, is

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<v Speaker 1>able to do everything, and that he would never go

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<v Speaker 1>back on his promise, so he continued to construction. So

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<v Speaker 1>it was until when our command came and water gushed

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<v Speaker 1>up out of the earth. We said, load upon it,

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<v Speaker 1>meaning the ship of each creature, two mates, and your family,

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<v Speaker 1>except those about whom the word I e. The degree

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<v Speaker 1>has already been passed, and include whoever has believed. But

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<v Speaker 1>none had believed with him except a few. In order

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<v Speaker 1>to maintain life where the ship was going to land,

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<v Speaker 1>he was ordered to take on board a pair of

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<v Speaker 1>each living creature. A similar command is found in the

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<v Speaker 1>Bible too, but with interesting difference. This command is described

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<v Speaker 1>in two separate passages, but the numbers of the pairs

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<v Speaker 1>of creatures are different from each other. You are to

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<v Speaker 1>bring into the arc two of all living creatures, male

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<v Speaker 1>and female, to keep them alive with you. In the

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<v Speaker 1>seventh chapter, however, the command is given like this, take

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<v Speaker 1>with you seven pairs of every kind of clean animal,

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<v Speaker 1>a male and its mate, and one pair of every

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<v Speaker 1>kind of unclean animal, a male and its mate, and

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<v Speaker 1>also seven pairs of every kind of bird, male and female,

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<v Speaker 1>to keep them their various kinds alive throughout the earth.

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<v Speaker 1>In the first passage, one pair of creatures, in the

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<v Speaker 1>second passage, seven pairs of creatures. Noah did exactly what

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<v Speaker 1>he was commanded by his Lord, and now the time

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<v Speaker 1>had finally come to signal the coming of the flood.

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<v Speaker 1>God made the water gush out of the earth. At

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<v Speaker 1>the time, Noah was six hundred years old according to

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<v Speaker 1>the Bible, but according to the Koran, until that point

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<v Speaker 1>he had stayed among his people for nine hundred and

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<v Speaker 1>fifty years. The Bible says it was the seventeenth day

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<v Speaker 1>of the second month of that year. Along with Noah

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<v Speaker 1>Pea peupon him. The believers and the animals in pairs

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<v Speaker 1>boarded the ark. Then dark clouds began to appear in

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<v Speaker 1>the sky, bringing an incredibly heavy rain. As the water

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<v Speaker 1>started to rise, the ship that had been standing on

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<v Speaker 1>land slowly began to rise too. Noah's nation, who refused

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<v Speaker 1>to believe in him and gave him a very hard

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<v Speaker 1>time during his entire mission, realized in shock that it

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<v Speaker 1>was time to pay the awful price for what they

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<v Speaker 1>had done. They began to look for a place to escape,

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<v Speaker 1>but it was all in vain, as if the sky

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<v Speaker 1>had been pierced. The waters were heavily pouring down, and

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<v Speaker 1>the springs of the earth were gushing forth. God was

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<v Speaker 1>sending this enormous flood on a name that had persecuted

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<v Speaker 1>his prophet for years, a nation that hadn't changed their

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<v Speaker 1>minds about their denial for such a long time. This

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<v Speaker 1>would become a story to be told as an example

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<v Speaker 1>to future generations. According to the Bible, all of Noah's

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<v Speaker 1>sons were on the ship, but the Koran says one

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<v Speaker 1>of his sons didn't board the ark because he didn't

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<v Speaker 1>believe in Noah. In the Koran, he is not mentioned

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<v Speaker 1>by name, but the account between him and Noah is

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<v Speaker 1>described like this, And so the ark sailed with them

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<v Speaker 1>through waves like mountains and Noah called out to his son,

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<v Speaker 1>who was apart from them, Oh, my dear son, come

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<v Speaker 1>aboard with us, and do not be with the disbelievers.

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<v Speaker 1>But he said, I will take refuge on a mountain

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<v Speaker 1>to protect me from the water. Noah said, there's no

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<v Speaker 1>protector to day from the degree of Allah except for

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<v Speaker 1>whom he gives mercy. And the waves came between them,

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<v Speaker 1>and he was among the drowned. Imagine a father in

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<v Speaker 1>that situation and he doesn't just say my son, He says,

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<v Speaker 1>my dear son. He shows extra love and compassion towards him.

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<v Speaker 1>On top of all the hardships he had gone through,

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<v Speaker 1>he now witnesses his behavior from his son and then

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<v Speaker 1>sees him drowning. Imagine how devastating it might be for Noah.

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<v Speaker 1>As a storm in the skies was getting stronger and stronger,

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<v Speaker 1>the vessel of survival for the people on board was

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<v Speaker 1>able to resist the mountainous waves by the grace of Allah.

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<v Speaker 1>As the leader of the ark that is full of believers,

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<v Speaker 1>Noah continued to fulfill his duty despite the ongoing storms.

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<v Speaker 1>The flood lasted for days. Each day they spent on

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<v Speaker 1>the ship's rocking deck tested the patience of the believers.

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<v Speaker 1>Although they were physically and spiritually exhausted during this long wait,

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<v Speaker 1>their faith gave them the strength to endure and carry on. Finally,

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<v Speaker 1>the sky brightened up and the great fury of the

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<v Speaker 1>flood calmed down. Allah placed the arcs safely on the

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<v Speaker 1>peak of a mountain. In the Kuran, this moment is

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<v Speaker 1>described as and it was said, O, Earth, swallow your water,

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<v Speaker 1>and a sky withhold your rain. And the water subsided,

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<v Speaker 1>and matter was accomplished, and it came to rest on

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<v Speaker 1>the mountain of Judy, and it was said, away with

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<v Speaker 1>the wrong doing people. And what the Bible says about

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<v Speaker 1>that is the water receded steadily from the earth. At

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<v Speaker 1>the end of the one hundred and fifty days, the

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<v Speaker 1>water had gone down, and on the seventeenth day of

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<v Speaker 1>the seventh month, the ark came to rest on the

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<v Speaker 1>mountains of Aerat. But did this flood cover the entire

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<v Speaker 1>earth or did it effect only a certain area. While

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<v Speaker 1>the Bible clearly states that it covered the entire earth,

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<v Speaker 1>the Kuran left it ambiguous. Among the scholars of Tipsi

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<v Speaker 1>of the Koran, some have interpreted that to be a

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<v Speaker 1>general flood on the earth. And others have said that

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<v Speaker 1>it was a regional Evan. But when what we're talking

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<v Speaker 1>about is the creator of the heavens and the earth,

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<v Speaker 1>and one of its greatest miracles, it makes no difference

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<v Speaker 1>how much area was affected, because for God, who has

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<v Speaker 1>infinite power, it is equally easy to do both. What

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<v Speaker 1>we should be focusing on are the messages that are

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<v Speaker 1>given in the story. The events after the ark land

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<v Speaker 1>and on the mountain are described in the Bible like this.

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<v Speaker 1>Then Noah built an altar to the Lord, and taking

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<v Speaker 1>some of all the clean animals and clean birds, he

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<v Speaker 1>sacrificed burnt offerings on it. The Lord smelled the pleasing

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<v Speaker 1>aroma and said in his heart, never again will I

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<v Speaker 1>curse the ground because of humans, even though every inclination

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<v Speaker 1>of the human heart is evil from childhood. And never

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<v Speaker 1>again will I destroy all living creatures as I have done.

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<v Speaker 1>If you remember, in chapter six of the Book of Genesis,

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<v Speaker 1>it was told that God regretted having created the human

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<v Speaker 1>beings and therefore decided to destroy them. And here in

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<v Speaker 1>chapter eight it seemed like God decided to bring the

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<v Speaker 1>flood in a moment of anger. When it was all over,

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<v Speaker 1>he was calmed down by a nice smell and realized

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<v Speaker 1>that what he had done was wrong. Feeling regret, acting

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<v Speaker 1>impulsibly in anger, making mistakes. How can such things be

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<v Speaker 1>thought about God? Another surprising biblical narrative is in Chapter nine,

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<v Speaker 1>which says Noah, a man of the soil, proceeded to

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<v Speaker 1>plant a vineyard. When he drank some of its wine,

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<v Speaker 1>he became drunk and lay uncovered inside his tent. Ham,

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<v Speaker 1>the father of Canaan, saw his father naked and told

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<v Speaker 1>his two brothers outside. But Sham and Jayfith took a

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<v Speaker 1>garment and laid it across their shoulders. Then they walked

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<v Speaker 1>in backward and covered their father's naked body. Their faces

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<v Speaker 1>were turned the other way so that they would not

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<v Speaker 1>see their father naked. To summarize what's going on here,

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<v Speaker 1>when one of Noah's sons, Ham tells his brothers to

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<v Speaker 1>do something about their father's situation, they come and cover

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<v Speaker 1>their father of the garment. But then something very shocking happens.

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<v Speaker 1>This continued when Noah awoke from his wine and found

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<v Speaker 1>out what his youngest son had done to him, He said,

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<v Speaker 1>cursed be Canaan, the lowest of slaves will he be

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<v Speaker 1>to his brothers. He also said, Praise be to the Lord,

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<v Speaker 1>the God of Sham. May Canaan be the slave of Sham.

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<v Speaker 1>May God extend Jayfth's territory, May Jayfith live in the

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<v Speaker 1>tents of Sham, and may Canaan be the slave of Jafith.

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<v Speaker 1>First of all, I want you to notice how inappropriate

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<v Speaker 1>it is to accept things like drinking alcohol and becoming

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<v Speaker 1>naked after getting drunk about a prophet of God. The

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<v Speaker 1>second thing is in this passage, it is apparently Ham

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<v Speaker 1>who made the so called mistake of telling his brothers,

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<v Speaker 1>which is not really a mistake because it results in

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<v Speaker 1>covering an embarrassing scene for his father. But strangely, the

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<v Speaker 1>cursing is not directed at Ham, but rather at his

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<v Speaker 1>son Kanaan, who had nothing to do with the incident.

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<v Speaker 1>It doesn't make sense that a prophet who is supposed

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<v Speaker 1>to be a role model of justice would do such

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<v Speaker 1>a thing, or that God would want to show this

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<v Speaker 1>act as a good example in his revelation to humanity.

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<v Speaker 1>But the worst part of it is the events that

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<v Speaker 1>we witnessed in the Middle Ages related to discurse. Pay

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<v Speaker 1>attention to the words cursed be Canaan, may Caanan be

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<v Speaker 1>the slave of shamp May Canaan be the slave of Jafith.

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<v Speaker 1>From the fifteenth century onwards, a belief spread that discourse

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<v Speaker 1>is the cause of having black skin. This biblical passage

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<v Speaker 1>was even used to justify the enslavement of black Africans.

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<v Speaker 1>It sounds very hard to believe, but it's a historical fact.

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<v Speaker 1>Gomez means. The Zurara, a Portuguese historian, wrote that the

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<v Speaker 1>en chained Africans he had seen were in such a

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<v Speaker 1>wretched state because of the curse which after the deluge

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<v Speaker 1>meaning the great flood, Noah laid upon him, that his

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<v Speaker 1>race would be subject to all the other races of

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<v Speaker 1>the world. Even reading these things makes me feel uncomfortable.

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<v Speaker 1>Or Alexander Crummell, who was an African American pastor and

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<v Speaker 1>an academic who has educated at Cambridge University, wrote in

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<v Speaker 1>eighteen sixty two almost universal opinion in the Christian world

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<v Speaker 1>held that the sufferings and the slavery of the black

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<v Speaker 1>race or the consequence of the curse of Noah. Obviously,

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<v Speaker 1>it is not directly mentioned in the biblical text that

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<v Speaker 1>black skin color is because of this curse, and Christian

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<v Speaker 1>clergy of today argued that this is a completely wrong

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<v Speaker 1>interpretation and we certainly cannot judge religion based on the

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<v Speaker 1>mistakes made by its followers. But the crucial point is

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<v Speaker 1>what the religious text actually contains. Here we are talking

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<v Speaker 1>about the great prophet, prophet Noah, who gave such a

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<v Speaker 1>sincere and serious struggle for nation, but what is described

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<v Speaker 1>in the Bible about him is something that can never

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<v Speaker 1>be expected of him. Islam, on the other hand, does

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<v Speaker 1>not accept this kind of narrative or description for any prophet,

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<v Speaker 1>nor can Islam accept the idea that God would send

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<v Speaker 1>this kind of revelation to humanity, a revelation that contains

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<v Speaker 1>contradictions and inappropriate attributions. Remember the number of pairs of

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<v Speaker 1>animals to be taken on the ark in the Book

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<v Speaker 1>of Genesis, two different numbers were given. Is a contradiction.

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<v Speaker 1>How can God make mistakes when sending revelation or some

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<v Speaker 1>of the statements made about God In the Biblical version

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<v Speaker 1>of the story, God is portrayed as someone who regretted

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<v Speaker 1>that he was unable to force the certain things, or

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<v Speaker 1>someone who couldn't control his anger and after calming down,

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<v Speaker 1>became regretful for what he had done. These descriptions can

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<v Speaker 1>never be valid or appropriate for God, because he is

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<v Speaker 1>free from all imperfections. But when we look at the Koran,

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<v Speaker 1>we see that the story is told in an ideal way,

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<v Speaker 1>free from any contradictions or inappropriate attributions. It is described

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<v Speaker 1>a law in a perfect way, in a way that

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<v Speaker 1>before fits his glory. So in light of all this,

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<v Speaker 1>wouldn't it be right to say that by sending the Koran,

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<v Speaker 1>God has corrected the inaccurate narratives in the previous scriptures,

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<v Speaker 1>such as we saw in this story, and told them

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<v Speaker 1>in the most accurate way. Or can we not say

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<v Speaker 1>that by sending the Koran, God has cleansed the Bible

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<v Speaker 1>of the false beliefs that have been mixed into it

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<v Speaker 1>over the centuries. The same Kuran also corrected the false

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<v Speaker 1>beliefs about Jesus that had been introduced to Christianity and

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<v Speaker 1>declared that he was not a deity, but rather one

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<v Speaker 1>of the greatest prophets sent by Allllah. We are all

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<v Speaker 1>traveling in a certain direction on this enormous ship called

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<v Speaker 1>the Earth, and our sea is this fast space. Throughout history,

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<v Speaker 1>thousands of prophets like Noah have captained the people on

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<v Speaker 1>this ship, and Jesus was also one of those captains.

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<v Speaker 1>They all tried to guide people to the truth. But

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<v Speaker 1>when the pure faith that Jesus originally brought was corrupted,

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<v Speaker 1>this ship was handed over to its last captain. In

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<v Speaker 1>light of all these comparisons, don't you also think that

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<v Speaker 1>this final captain is Prophet Muhammad and the compass is

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<v Speaker 1>the holy qur Ann