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Speaker 1: Okay, there we go. Now we're recording kid Feel the Flame.

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It's a nice opening line. It's a nice opening line

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for them listeners. Okay, Jesus, all right, well I'm second

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again from my four year old. Welcome to the Crime

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Pace podcast. And today we have Michael Moya, who runs

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atlass Nativa, which is a you like that fucking gringo accent,

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Atlas Nativa, which is, uh, we tell everybody, what is

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that lest nativa? What is it? Exactly?

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Speaker 2: At first I did it in twenty eighteen eighteen, it

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was like an artist residency program when we did like

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an exchange. I did like guides through the forest and

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they did artwork. But nowadays I'm doing nature guides, Like

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I'm digitalizing all the leaves, all the woody plants, and

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I'm doing like cool guides with this thing.

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Speaker 1: So you're making we're making like Gia de campos for

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all the yeah, for all the Chilean plants. And what

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the region you're in too, is you're south of Santiago

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by how how how far south? There was it like

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three or four hours?

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Speaker 2: Yes? Like five hours down going down there more or less?

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Speaker 1: So and explain what the biome is because it's it's

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very steep, but it's forested. It's not like northern Chile,

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which is very dry. You've got the other Kama lots

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of barren volcano, I.

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Speaker 2: Mean one of the leasts. I mean, it's it's it's

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weird because if one of is one of it's one

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of the most biodiverse biomes Intila, because it's like the

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mix between the Mediterranean and the temperate rainy forests. So

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you have the biggest tree diversity. It's still Mediterranean climate,

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but you have you have a lot of the southern plants.

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So it's for that reason is kind of confusing. You know,

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you have the sclerophild forest, but you also have the

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kind of forest you have the most biodiversity in north

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of Fagus. So that's one of the reasons why I

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went to live there, you know, because it's a like

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a not very studied area and it's like it has

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a lot of different landscapes.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, it's it feels like for me, it felt like

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like Plumus County, California, maybe like northern Sierra Nevada foothills.

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And also it's so tell first telebody with the boss

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Que Sclerophilo is that I pronounce that right, is the.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, it's like the typic forests of the Mediterranean region

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here in Chile, and I think they call it like

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that also in Europe, like in Spain. Yeah, because they

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have the same climate. So it's a type of forest

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that have trees that are accustomed to have very little

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water in the summer, actually no water in the summer, like.

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Speaker 3: A long stummer. So the leaves are like tough.

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Speaker 2: You know, they have like some I don't know how

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to go into English, but it's like a Scotch tape

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and it.

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Speaker 1: Feels like plastic. Yeah, it's like, yeah, hard evergreen, feels

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like plastic, maybe a little pliable, maybe some velvet, maybe

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some little hairs on them.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, So they don't lose the leaves. They are evergreen,

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they don't grow so tall, and they are they are

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like very tough trees. They can manage these like no

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water where they most need them. So that's like the

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basic sclorophyll. I'm actually in Greek it means like tough leaves.

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Speaker 1: Yeah. What are some of the species you got? Gwena,

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which is proty ac. It's in the Macadamia tribe.

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Speaker 2: Lots and not of Giena give weena.

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Speaker 3: It's like it's in the south.

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Speaker 2: It's it's not like proper sclerophild you know that, like

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like the the iconic because you have it, you don't

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have it in Santiago. Like in Santiago you have like

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the most standard scleral fild forest and the species like

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the typical ones are kiahaaria that you love, that.

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Speaker 1: Permus balder pumus boulders. Yeah, yeah, I just ordered some

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bold of tea. Yeah, the tea is right.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, that is I mean people take it not because

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it's good flavor, because it's just so good for your tommy,

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you know.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, Monemi is the family I think, right, Yeah.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, Actually, the Kiakaaria is also very high in Saponins,

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especially the bark. So in the in the old days,

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they they took the bark of a lot of these trees,

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but they're still.

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Speaker 3: Harvesting a lot of yeah.

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Speaker 2: Branches. They have like a big plant in the Maulay

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region and they exported it's like I don't know, like

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bubblely you know, so they used it in soda and

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a lot of stuff like that. But the Pelmus baldos

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is used in like all of Latin America for the

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tomb is good for the Tommy yeah, you know, yeah,

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so delicious.

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Speaker 1: And that's the one that's got scabbard leaves, right, just

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like ex toxicon. Yeah yeah. It feels like sandpaper.

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Speaker 3: Yeah yeah, exactly like sandpaper.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, Okay, that's one of the And it's very if

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you bend it, it cracks, you know, it's.

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Speaker 1: Very hif Yeah, yeah, it's you know. What was weird

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was we were we were in Santiago on the last day,

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and uh, Matt, I just wanted to go to the

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fucking airport because it's it's like, you know, it's just

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cars and people and fucking shitty driving, and it's much

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more tolerable than any American city. But uh, but you know,

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and the lack of billboards was amazing. I mean, I

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still can't believe I went two weeks without the subliminal, subconscious,

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horrible messaging of billboards, like it just for my soul.

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It made me so much less hateful than not have

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to see a shy. You know.

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Speaker 2: That's funny because I think maybe over there you have

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so many billbirds that you didn't sell the billboards that

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have here, because we do have bilbirds.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, it may be horrific. It's every fucking two hundred

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feet and like along a highway and there'll be some

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plastic botox injected face with a shit eating grin trying

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to sell you something you don't want. Like just these

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fucking people that look like maggots, these horrible, horrible money

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worshiping thieves, these fucking sleep Oh. It fills me with hate.

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I'm like, God, I just I fucking don't want to

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even know that you exist. You're like, you know, it's

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like I go down to hate wormhole. But but we

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went out of we went east that of Santiago into

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the hills, and I was like, man, this isn't I

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thought this was like Mediterranean climate, man, but this is

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more of like desert. Santiago is more like it feels

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like la like the climate and maybe even more so

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like it's you know, there's there's it's desert plants. It

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feels more like Mediterranean style desert. It's the parallels between

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southern California or even like the Tijuana area are crazy.

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Speaker 2: It's cool, like there's a lot of I think you

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saw that there's a huge difference between the part the

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slope of the mountains that face to the sun. There

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you have like more serophitic plants. But the slopes the

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face to the south, they are very different, you know.

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But also in Santiago the forest is very depleted. You know,

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it's like centuries of the forestation these I guess you

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the same in California, Like this ecosystem takes like centuries

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to rebuild again.

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Speaker 1: Like the Yeah, there's nothing.

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Speaker 3: Like they're ancient glory, you know.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, you have to go outside of the you have

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to go to like where the rich people live in

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the hills to get any taste of like what might

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be native to like see a native plant. I guess

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Jubeya chileansis was really common in Santiago when it got settled,

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you know.

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Speaker 2: They actually they actually they naturalist think it only grew

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like on the coastal range.

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Speaker 3: But there is.

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Speaker 2: There is an ancient map of Santiago where they show

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like palm trees, so.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, there's probably.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, because also they used it for making like.

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Speaker 3: Like the sap.

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Speaker 2: They boiled it down and make like a syrup. So

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they cutted it down. They say nowadays there's only two

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percent left of the of of the.

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Speaker 3: Past distribution of the Hubaya.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, that's a tree that if I live down there,

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I'd be just growing the ship out of it. Natural

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brought my friend, Natural brought over some seeds. They're like

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for fruits, like the little golf all sized fruits. They

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smell amazing, like you can't really eat the the music

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car but the seed inside I guess is at a bowl.

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Speaker 2: But yeah, it's like it's it's actually a coconut.

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Speaker 1: But yeah, it's just but it's a beautiful tree.

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Speaker 3: Man.

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Speaker 1: They're like these big stout palm trees.

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Speaker 3: And it's and and the bark is.

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Speaker 2: I don't know if you saw the bark of Hubai

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lenses is soft.

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Speaker 3: You know, it's very different from other palm trees.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, it.

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Speaker 2: Looks and it's and it's very thick. It looks like

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the like the feet of an elephant. It's so beautiful.

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Speaker 1: I want I wanted to ask you about the Mapocha

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River because when I first saw it, I was like,

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you know, I saw the water and I was like, man,

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and that's not like ship water. That's like that looks

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like just volcanic sediment. It had that pink color to it.

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And then I remember you would message me, and you

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were like, God, it's actually a clean river. It's been

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clean for like a decade. What happened with it?

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Speaker 2: They I mean, they just stopped throwing the ship on

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it many years ago. Actually, there's a lot of people

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that go and but but people have the the memories

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from from the past, so a lot of people still

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think it's dirty, you know. And yeah, because in Chile

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we have a lot of like clean water rivers. That's

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also another reason why people think it's still dirty, you know.

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But yes, that's like the natural sediment because it's so

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steep that the path that this river takes, the path

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that this river takes is very steep, so there's a

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lot of sediment.

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Speaker 1: The andes are fucking incredibly steep, man. But yeah, it's

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a it's wild what can happen when you stop throwing

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garbage and talks waste and human shit into an urban river.

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The life comes back. We had a similar thing in

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Chicago where there's fucking beavers. Someone saw a river otter

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in the Chicago River, like you know, Chicago, Illinois, Like

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it's a big shitty city. I'd say that with love. Yeah, yeah,

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but that river is fucking filthy. I almost fell in

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it once when I was running away from these crackheads

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and uh, I've been painting graffiti in these crackheads where

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they were like, yeah, it us twenty bucks, we're calling

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the cops. I was like, fuck you man, I don't

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have a shit on me. And I had to like

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scale horizontally on this chain link fence with no ground

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beneath it, just ten you know, it was a ten

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foot drop into the river and I was like, oh fuck,

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I don't want to fall in. I'm gonna get tennis

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it by falling. And uh, but it was it was

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like a filthy river. And now it's like there's fucking

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beavers and otters in it. That's insane. It's it's really clean,

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the silt at the bottom.

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Speaker 2: You know that we have we have beavers here in

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Chili also Native yes, no, no, some Argentinians to get too.

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It's like a big island that is just when the

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continent ends and they put the beavers on a lagoon.

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But the beavers swam through the ocean and now they're

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like each year they're going up and they're going up

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and they're sucking the consistent because here the trees are

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not accustomed, you know, to be so wet.

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Speaker 3: You know, so they're killing a lot of our forests.

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Speaker 1: So beavers are invasive down there.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, yeah, very invasive.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, and there I tell you, each year they're going

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more north. You know, they're colonizing new grounds, and it's

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like a really huge problem for the future because now

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they're very far they will Yeah.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, that's the thing is, you know, that's why I

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could never get the people that deny invasive species. They're like,

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you know, they they're like, well, those happened before. Well, yeah,

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it's occasionally every few million years you would get in

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like a species crossing a continental boundary or some other

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vicariates barrier and getting established. But it's having happening. It's

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such a fast rate now that it's and who knows

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what it did, you know, who knows what consequences happened

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millions of years ago whenever a plant or animal or

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fungus would cross the vikry its barrier and get to

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a new continent or on the other side of the equator, whatever.

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But but now it's happening. It's such a rate that

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it's overwhelming the system. And so you know, like, yeah,

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trees that aren't adapted. Yeah, man, trees are trees that

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aren't adapted to something like beavers or fucking I mean,

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it's it happens so quickly. They just while they're getting

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shipped on by people, and there's habitat loss and climate

241
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change and that's gnarly. I didn't know beavers, I mean

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that makes sense though. Yeah, they would. I could say

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they would fucking ecosystem up if they were just suddenly

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thrown into a you know.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, because they actually they drown the trees, you know,

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in the diet that they're not like they don't have

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accustomed to so wet and in those type of systems.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, and the trees that that in North America that

249
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are adapted to them can sprout from the base and

250
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not all trees can do that, and and certainly not

251
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as you know, as as readily as some of the

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North American ones can it that evolve with beavers, but

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as fucked man. But anyway, okay, so, but Mapocho River

254
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is clean now, and the and these mountains, I mean

255
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they're really fucking steep. This is a relatively new mountain range.

256
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So like I remember when we were we were hanging

257
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out with you we saw these massive landslides. That's a

258
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common thing. Huh.

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Speaker 2: They're in in San Fay and Lego. They're happening right

260
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now because of the climate change, you know. I mean

261
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they're normal, but once every one hundred years, once every

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one hundred and fifty years.

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Speaker 3: But right now they're happening like, you know, a.

264
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Speaker 2: Quicker pace because two years ago we had rains like man,

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it was like it was crazy. It rained so much

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in very few days that the land was collapsed with water.

267
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You know, where you have the granite then it's when

268
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it gets like soaked with water. And yeah, it's not

269
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normal at the space, you know, because well I didn't

270
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took you to the places that are worse. But in

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the ravine that is close to my house, we counted

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like ten of this how do you call it the.

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Speaker 1: Fall landslides, the room based landslides?

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Speaker 2: Ten ten different landslides in in one ravine, you know,

275
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and one of the landslides is like kilometers long. You know,

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it's crazy.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, And so what happened, I mean, what like that

278
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one that we the one that we saw in it

279
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that eucrypia, that glutenosa, that that rare Eucreyffia when we

280
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like that one was nuts. I mean that was basically

281
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like half the fucking hillside just suddenly collapses and all

282
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the plants are gone, and they just and it's like

283
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someone pulling a tablecloth off from a fucking you know,

284
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table with a bunch of dish wearing China and ship. Yeah.

285
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Speaker 2: And that was a small one, you know, because in

286
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my place, there were in ravines where there was full

287
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of very big not a fouls onbeggy. So it's full

288
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of like very thick destroyed like cut in half trees.

289
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Speaker 3: It's like it's crazy to see.

290
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Speaker 2: You know. Yeah, and the river full of stones. I

291
00:16:21,559 --> 00:16:24,879
mean it's kind of depressing, you know, to see these changes.

292
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I lived in Chiloe. I lived in the island of Chiloe,

293
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and I also saw a lot of like landscape change

294
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the human made. Like you you went to a really

295
00:16:38,360 --> 00:16:41,759
nice forest and next week you went there it was

296
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all piles of wood, you know. Yeah, So I think

297
00:16:45,960 --> 00:16:48,399
I think that's one of the most depressing things to see,

298
00:16:48,480 --> 00:16:52,399
like the quick face in which nature is being destroyed, you.

299
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Speaker 1: Know, it's assaulted, just like straight assaulted. You know. What

300
00:16:56,480 --> 00:16:58,240
drives me nuts that I was like when you meet people

301
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who are like, nah, there's no way nature will recover.

302
00:17:02,360 --> 00:17:05,559
There's no way that we're gonna I mean, humans can't.

303
00:17:05,759 --> 00:17:08,160
We think we can do so much more than we can.

304
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It's like, motherfucker, there's eight billion of us. Do you

305
00:17:10,799 --> 00:17:13,559
know how fucking large of a number that is eight

306
00:17:13,599 --> 00:17:18,119
billion fucking turds like eight billion you know, eating mouths,

307
00:17:18,119 --> 00:17:22,440
shitting asses, people that need resources, you know what, you

308
00:17:22,480 --> 00:17:24,200
know what I mean, it's it's just like are you

309
00:17:24,400 --> 00:17:27,400
fucking in phais? Are you? Are you a child? Like

310
00:17:27,440 --> 00:17:30,000
do you have any have you stopped and thought about this?

311
00:17:30,519 --> 00:17:34,519
Like the scale at which you know it's all, especially

312
00:17:34,599 --> 00:17:38,880
when there's no regard among like ninety percent of us,

313
00:17:39,279 --> 00:17:42,200
there's no regard for the living system. It's just, I mean,

314
00:17:42,319 --> 00:17:45,880
especially with religion. The two dominant world religions think that

315
00:17:45,960 --> 00:17:48,240
everything was put here for them, So why not fucking

316
00:17:48,319 --> 00:17:49,640
into a comma and take everything?

317
00:17:49,680 --> 00:17:55,640
Speaker 2: You know, No, in Chile is like a low density country,

318
00:17:55,880 --> 00:17:59,200
a population country, so I imagine like in China and like

319
00:17:59,279 --> 00:18:02,920
these intruction must be like crazy, like.

320
00:18:02,839 --> 00:18:07,319
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, or the US the US is now in

321
00:18:07,440 --> 00:18:11,079
the US, the US, I mean the US. Just the

322
00:18:11,440 --> 00:18:14,319
mindset is just like cash in the chips, just fucking

323
00:18:14,920 --> 00:18:17,279
you know, burn it out, you know, fuck all the

324
00:18:17,319 --> 00:18:20,359
holes take everything? Why not? You know, it's just it's

325
00:18:20,440 --> 00:18:24,440
it's it's such a like exploitative, single serving, single use

326
00:18:25,440 --> 00:18:27,759
mindset here. But I'm telling you, man, she like, what's

327
00:18:27,759 --> 00:18:31,519
the population. It's like fifteen millions. Like that's a that's million.

328
00:18:31,599 --> 00:18:34,799
And when I'm a refugee, that's my spot I might

329
00:18:34,839 --> 00:18:37,559
go to, you know when it gets so nauseating here.

330
00:18:37,400 --> 00:18:39,720
Speaker 2: It's a million. But but you have to think that

331
00:18:40,079 --> 00:18:43,599
one third of that population is in Santiago, more than

332
00:18:43,640 --> 00:18:47,359
one third, and also the north and the Patagonia. If

333
00:18:47,599 --> 00:18:50,799
you look at the numbers, it there's almost no people there,

334
00:18:50,839 --> 00:18:55,720
you know. Yeah, it's all centered in the central region

335
00:18:55,960 --> 00:18:59,000
and a little bit more in the south. But the

336
00:18:59,000 --> 00:19:01,680
rest of the country huge land.

337
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Speaker 1: You know.

338
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Speaker 2: Also, I was telling you about there's plans on paranoia,

339
00:19:09,200 --> 00:19:13,640
plans that maybe the Israelites want to come here and

340
00:19:13,759 --> 00:19:17,200
take our land because there's a lot of water. You know. Shit,

341
00:19:18,000 --> 00:19:21,079
we're scared of the we're scared of the feudure. Anytime

342
00:19:21,200 --> 00:19:24,039
Trump will say, okay, we need chili, also.

343
00:19:26,599 --> 00:19:30,839
Speaker 1: Need I mean, I think I think Trump was sent

344
00:19:31,160 --> 00:19:34,319
by a joking God to ruin the US and cause

345
00:19:34,400 --> 00:19:36,759
the downfall of the United States. I think he'll do

346
00:19:36,799 --> 00:19:40,000
a good job too. I think he'll ruin everything. I think, uh,

347
00:19:40,680 --> 00:19:42,839
you know, he'll just he's gonna be like Reagan two

348
00:19:42,880 --> 00:19:45,640
point zero. He's going to further eradicate the middle class,

349
00:19:45,720 --> 00:19:49,960
make the populace dumber. And then you know, by the

350
00:19:50,000 --> 00:19:52,640
time he croaks whenever that is, the motherfucker probably be

351
00:19:52,640 --> 00:19:54,759
like one hundred and ten. By the time he croaks,

352
00:19:54,920 --> 00:19:58,000
you know, they'll just be like a smoldering wreck, and

353
00:19:58,759 --> 00:20:00,519
the job will be done. And and you know, I

354
00:20:00,519 --> 00:20:02,599
don't know what maybe China will take. I have no clue.

355
00:20:02,599 --> 00:20:06,119
I don't know, but certainly who am I to say?

356
00:20:06,119 --> 00:20:08,759
Though I don't. I try not to think about politics

357
00:20:08,759 --> 00:20:11,880
more than I need to and focus on the plants.

358
00:20:11,880 --> 00:20:14,680
But okay, so you lived in that, You lived in

359
00:20:14,720 --> 00:20:17,000
Santiago for a while, and then you lived in chilo A,

360
00:20:17,240 --> 00:20:21,160
which is an island the way down there by what

361
00:20:21,279 --> 00:20:24,039
is that forty four degrees latitude south and the fitz

362
00:20:24,119 --> 00:20:28,599
Royal Forests southwest of Puerto mont which is a lovely thing.

363
00:20:29,319 --> 00:20:33,799
I love Oh you like yeah, I like it. I

364
00:20:34,000 --> 00:20:37,079
was we went to Porto Varus, which is nice. Porto

365
00:20:37,160 --> 00:20:39,920
Varus is nice, like you go there for a day,

366
00:20:40,400 --> 00:20:42,720
you know, and then but it's very like it's kind

367
00:20:42,720 --> 00:20:45,880
of wealthy. It's like very uppy. And then Puerto Mont

368
00:20:46,039 --> 00:20:49,359
is yeah, and Puerto Mont is kind of grimy. It's

369
00:20:49,400 --> 00:20:52,039
like a fishing town. It's got more of like a Tacoma,

370
00:20:52,279 --> 00:20:53,319
Washington vibe.

371
00:20:53,920 --> 00:20:57,119
Speaker 2: It's like it's like the normal people where normal people live,

372
00:20:57,160 --> 00:20:59,960
you know, yeah, like for rich people exactly.

373
00:21:00,240 --> 00:21:02,359
Speaker 1: I like port a month and I've known of portumonth

374
00:21:02,440 --> 00:21:04,440
for like a decade and a half. It's because I

375
00:21:04,480 --> 00:21:07,200
was obsessed with alers trees back in the day, you know,

376
00:21:07,200 --> 00:21:10,720
when I first got into all this ship and so

377
00:21:11,160 --> 00:21:14,079
but anyway, so you lived in what was living in chileaway, like.

378
00:21:15,960 --> 00:21:19,640
Speaker 3: Oh it was it was very.

379
00:21:20,960 --> 00:21:24,960
Speaker 2: How can I say, like some really cool things and

380
00:21:25,000 --> 00:21:27,200
also bad things. You know. The cool things were that

381
00:21:28,039 --> 00:21:31,400
over there the land, it's like the public property is

382
00:21:31,440 --> 00:21:35,119
not like so you can enter anywhere you know and

383
00:21:35,200 --> 00:21:38,799
walk and you're free to roam anywhere you want. So

384
00:21:38,960 --> 00:21:41,480
that thing, I think it's awesome, you know, like you

385
00:21:41,559 --> 00:21:44,039
have to have the liberty to stop your car and

386
00:21:44,759 --> 00:21:48,079
because over there they have only forests and fields for

387
00:21:48,160 --> 00:21:51,720
the cows and the sheep, you know, so for the

388
00:21:52,440 --> 00:21:55,640
for them, the forest is like almost useless land, you know.

389
00:21:56,200 --> 00:21:59,480
So in that regard, it was really nice, you know,

390
00:21:59,559 --> 00:22:02,480
to see the I mean, to be able to roam

391
00:22:02,519 --> 00:22:03,799
freely and feel free.

392
00:22:03,720 --> 00:22:04,480
Speaker 1: You know. Yeah.

393
00:22:04,720 --> 00:22:09,400
Speaker 2: But for me, the obscure part was this climate that

394
00:22:09,559 --> 00:22:14,359
is so different to Santiago. It rains like almost all year,

395
00:22:15,079 --> 00:22:19,000
there's very little sunlight, so and people is like kind

396
00:22:19,039 --> 00:22:23,759
of green and chiloe. There's like a tradition of witchcraft

397
00:22:23,960 --> 00:22:25,839
and like obscure, like.

398
00:22:26,039 --> 00:22:28,680
Speaker 1: Oh, I see what you're doing. Do they have heroin

399
00:22:28,759 --> 00:22:29,200
down there?

400
00:22:30,559 --> 00:22:30,799
Speaker 2: No?

401
00:22:30,799 --> 00:22:33,720
Speaker 3: No, no, just crack you know.

402
00:22:34,200 --> 00:22:36,400
Speaker 1: Okay, okay. So it's yeah, because.

403
00:22:36,160 --> 00:22:39,440
Speaker 2: Alcohol, alcohol is the is the thing that goes you know,

404
00:22:39,480 --> 00:22:41,119
you go is very depressing.

405
00:22:41,640 --> 00:22:45,519
Speaker 1: Alcohols. Yeah, alcohol is pretty terrible, I think. I think, yeah,

406
00:22:45,559 --> 00:22:48,359
it's definitely for numbing yourself and not dealing with things

407
00:22:48,400 --> 00:22:51,519
you need to deal with and ruining them and taking

408
00:22:51,559 --> 00:22:54,480
years off you. But it's because it so so basically

409
00:22:54,519 --> 00:22:56,759
it was like it was like a gath vibe. It

410
00:22:56,880 --> 00:23:00,839
was like a seasonal effective disorder. Gray Pacific in the

411
00:23:00,880 --> 00:23:03,359
Pacific Northwest here in the United States. It's it's like

412
00:23:03,400 --> 00:23:06,200
a similar thing, but there's heroin up there, so a

413
00:23:06,240 --> 00:23:09,359
lot of people around heroin all the time, which now

414
00:23:09,559 --> 00:23:11,960
is mostly fennol, so like half of them are dying,

415
00:23:13,240 --> 00:23:16,400
you know, all the time. So lots of overdose deaths,

416
00:23:17,160 --> 00:23:20,400
grim rain. So that's nice that it's not as bad,

417
00:23:20,720 --> 00:23:22,960
you know, there's the lack of heroin Chilaway. It must

418
00:23:22,960 --> 00:23:25,079
be nice. But I definitely feel you want the seasonal

419
00:23:25,079 --> 00:23:26,759
effective disorder vibe, you know what I.

420
00:23:26,799 --> 00:23:31,759
Speaker 2: Mean, also has a nice thing. And I think that

421
00:23:31,880 --> 00:23:35,960
the culture there is like more that there was a

422
00:23:35,960 --> 00:23:42,599
little bit more Pacific exchange between indigenous people and Spaniards,

423
00:23:42,599 --> 00:23:45,200
so the culture is a little more cool, you know,

424
00:23:45,400 --> 00:23:48,960
like they have a lot of traditions, like very old traditions.

425
00:23:49,039 --> 00:23:51,720
And also you can learn a lot of no botanical

426
00:23:51,799 --> 00:23:56,000
things about the plants and different ways to use plants,

427
00:23:56,039 --> 00:23:59,000
I don't know, and different names. It's like a country

428
00:23:59,039 --> 00:23:59,799
in itself, you know.

429
00:24:00,039 --> 00:24:03,319
Speaker 1: So there's more. There's more. There's more indigenous culture. That's

430
00:24:03,359 --> 00:24:04,319
like evident.

431
00:24:05,920 --> 00:24:08,240
Speaker 2: I mean, the how can I say that the mix

432
00:24:08,559 --> 00:24:11,599
was like healthier, you know, and and the and the

433
00:24:11,640 --> 00:24:13,880
east mix is not like you go and you see

434
00:24:13,880 --> 00:24:18,359
indigenous people, but normal Chilottes have like traditions that have

435
00:24:18,599 --> 00:24:21,640
more indigenous parts in it, you know.

436
00:24:21,880 --> 00:24:25,480
Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah that's cool. Yeah, not as not as stiff

437
00:24:25,559 --> 00:24:30,559
and enrigid, and perhaps not as money obsessed as you

438
00:24:30,680 --> 00:24:33,880
might get an urban center like Santiago.

439
00:24:33,359 --> 00:24:36,440
Speaker 3: And also as a as a person from Santiago.

440
00:24:36,559 --> 00:24:39,039
Speaker 2: Like everywhere you go in Chile they look you like,

441
00:24:39,119 --> 00:24:41,880
oh this is they kind of hate us, you know,

442
00:24:42,039 --> 00:24:44,559
and in Chilo it's worse. Like in Chiloe they hate

443
00:24:44,599 --> 00:24:48,160
everyone from outside Tilo. But if you're from Santiago, like

444
00:24:48,240 --> 00:24:52,039
you're like the worst ship. When I went to live there, yeah,

445
00:24:52,559 --> 00:24:54,279
a lot of people ask me when you come here,

446
00:24:54,279 --> 00:24:58,319
like where is your reason? Like they're very like skeptical,

447
00:24:58,480 --> 00:24:58,759
you know.

448
00:25:00,640 --> 00:25:03,599
Speaker 1: So it's regional beef. They've got like regional beef. They

449
00:25:03,599 --> 00:25:06,160
don't like the Northerners, No.

450
00:25:06,119 --> 00:25:08,960
Speaker 3: They only like and they have like a culture is

451
00:25:09,079 --> 00:25:09,640
very close.

452
00:25:09,799 --> 00:25:11,920
Speaker 2: You know. It's very hard. And my dream was like

453
00:25:12,000 --> 00:25:14,640
to have actually a lot of friends, but I I

454
00:25:14,720 --> 00:25:16,119
didn't accomplish it.

455
00:25:18,119 --> 00:25:23,559
Speaker 1: They're fucking yeah, okay, so they're like, yeah, I.

456
00:25:23,640 --> 00:25:26,799
Speaker 2: Was hanging with a lot of people from some THIAGONI

457
00:25:27,160 --> 00:25:27,799
what do you.

458
00:25:27,759 --> 00:25:30,440
Speaker 1: Mean, like the witchcraft they got like like the like

459
00:25:31,400 --> 00:25:33,559
the gothing are they doing? What do you mean witchcraft?

460
00:25:33,559 --> 00:25:35,160
They're like etsy witches? What do you mean?

461
00:25:36,279 --> 00:25:40,240
Speaker 2: They had? Like actually this is documented. At some point

462
00:25:40,519 --> 00:25:45,039
they acknowledged that witches and I don't know how to

463
00:25:45,119 --> 00:25:50,279
say male witch like a wizard wizard and witches where

464
00:25:51,319 --> 00:25:57,720
secretly like dominating the island and they had they have

465
00:25:57,960 --> 00:26:02,079
like a parallel government. So the central government Santiago went

466
00:26:02,240 --> 00:26:04,559
and killed them all and they have like a big fight.

467
00:26:04,759 --> 00:26:05,839
Speaker 1: Wait is this real?

468
00:26:06,960 --> 00:26:12,480
Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, it's documented. When I can, I don't, I don't.

469
00:26:12,519 --> 00:26:17,359
I think it was in eighteen something I can send you,

470
00:26:17,440 --> 00:26:21,200
like the there's books and yeah. So it's like known

471
00:26:21,279 --> 00:26:25,079
for for their wizards and which and till this day

472
00:26:25,559 --> 00:26:29,880
people always talk about strange stories over there, like and

473
00:26:29,960 --> 00:26:33,359
people believe and these wizards. And also when I lived there,

474
00:26:33,440 --> 00:26:37,680
I also felt strange things. You know, it's I think

475
00:26:37,680 --> 00:26:38,119
it's real.

476
00:26:38,200 --> 00:26:40,440
Speaker 1: Yeah, so this isn't just you're not talking about just

477
00:26:40,480 --> 00:26:42,480
like a cat, like a fifty year old cat lady

478
00:26:42,480 --> 00:26:44,480
wearing a momo and a witch's hat and going to

479
00:26:44,559 --> 00:26:47,599
a renaissance fair. You're talking about like actually.

480
00:26:47,720 --> 00:26:49,200
Speaker 3: Like old school, old school.

481
00:26:49,400 --> 00:26:53,000
Speaker 1: But but but which culture based out of like northern Europe,

482
00:26:54,000 --> 00:26:54,920
like Europeans.

483
00:26:54,960 --> 00:26:58,480
Speaker 2: It was again it was a really cool mixture between

484
00:26:58,680 --> 00:27:03,319
the Northern European Oh no, no, I mean mostly Spaniards

485
00:27:03,400 --> 00:27:06,000
and other countries of Europe.

486
00:27:06,160 --> 00:27:10,680
Speaker 3: And then we eat people that is like the Mapucha.

487
00:27:10,240 --> 00:27:14,559
Speaker 2: People, but from they're a little bit more southern and have.

488
00:27:16,640 --> 00:27:18,240
Speaker 3: More different traditions, you know.

489
00:27:18,319 --> 00:27:20,440
Speaker 1: So there was but there was a witch culture where

490
00:27:20,720 --> 00:27:23,960
like the government was worried that these were anti Christian

491
00:27:24,240 --> 00:27:26,799
like evil, dangerous, like similar to what we had with

492
00:27:26,960 --> 00:27:30,200
like the Salem witch trials in North America.

493
00:27:31,920 --> 00:27:32,440
Speaker 2: Yeah.

494
00:27:32,480 --> 00:27:34,680
Speaker 1: Wow, that's weird, crazy like that.

495
00:27:36,240 --> 00:27:38,640
Speaker 2: I mean, that's that we eat a culture. And there

496
00:27:38,640 --> 00:27:41,680
also the Channel culture. There was a really cool culture

497
00:27:41,759 --> 00:27:45,599
that only lived on canoes and they live by the sea,

498
00:27:45,640 --> 00:27:49,359
you know. So Theta culture is very like close to

499
00:27:49,440 --> 00:27:50,680
the sea to the boat.

500
00:27:51,119 --> 00:27:52,039
Speaker 1: That cool.

501
00:27:53,319 --> 00:27:56,640
Speaker 3: And they also have the Alersa they over there.

502
00:27:56,720 --> 00:27:59,759
Speaker 2: They they almost made it disappear like you can only

503
00:27:59,799 --> 00:28:02,480
see on the highest slopes of the coastal cordeera.

504
00:28:02,559 --> 00:28:03,319
Speaker 1: Yeah, I was about.

505
00:28:04,799 --> 00:28:08,359
Speaker 2: Yeah, And they have like a really cool architectural school

506
00:28:08,559 --> 00:28:10,720
of wood without nails.

507
00:28:10,960 --> 00:28:13,119
Speaker 3: The only like the wood joints.

508
00:28:12,759 --> 00:28:14,079
Speaker 1: You know, or like the Japanese.

509
00:28:15,640 --> 00:28:16,920
Speaker 3: Yeah, it's so culture.

510
00:28:17,039 --> 00:28:20,000
Speaker 2: That's why we're telling you, like maybe botanically, that's not

511
00:28:20,160 --> 00:28:24,880
because the island was separated like not so long ago.

512
00:28:24,960 --> 00:28:28,279
There's not like the cool endemics to the island. But

513
00:28:28,440 --> 00:28:30,519
culturally it's really interesting, you know.

514
00:28:30,880 --> 00:28:34,160
Speaker 1: Yeah, I'm seeing the indigenous people of Chilawe Island, Chile

515
00:28:34,279 --> 00:28:38,319
include the Chanos, Huiliches h u i l l I

516
00:28:38,400 --> 00:28:40,640
c h e s if anyone does, someone's looking at

517
00:28:40,640 --> 00:28:44,039
and Councos. The Chilaway people are Chilotes are a mix

518
00:28:44,079 --> 00:28:45,160
of indigenous and European.

519
00:28:45,519 --> 00:28:45,640
Speaker 2: Oh.

520
00:28:45,680 --> 00:28:48,079
Speaker 1: So this is like that's like what Mexico is basically

521
00:28:48,640 --> 00:28:49,680
where Mexico.

522
00:28:49,680 --> 00:28:50,519
Speaker 3: Most similar thing.

523
00:28:50,599 --> 00:28:53,279
Speaker 2: We have two Mexico, but in the southern region because

524
00:28:53,279 --> 00:28:55,440
in the north of Chile you also have that kind

525
00:28:55,440 --> 00:28:55,920
of thing, you.

526
00:28:55,839 --> 00:28:59,400
Speaker 1: Know, oh like the indigenous in the Spanish mixt.

527
00:29:01,039 --> 00:29:04,680
Speaker 2: Uh always. But no, but I think I'm just telling

528
00:29:04,759 --> 00:29:09,359
that in the central regions, the indigenous component it was

529
00:29:11,480 --> 00:29:15,480
like almost cleared out, you know. Yeah, more in the

530
00:29:15,519 --> 00:29:17,200
south and more in the north. You can see more

531
00:29:17,519 --> 00:29:18,480
more of this component.

532
00:29:18,799 --> 00:29:22,559
Speaker 1: Yeah. Yeah, the Santiagouary I just felt like Spain. I mean,

533
00:29:22,599 --> 00:29:25,319
it felt like just just Spaniards, you know, just European.

534
00:29:27,440 --> 00:29:32,519
Speaker 2: I mean there's still like some indigenous left, but they're

535
00:29:32,680 --> 00:29:33,880
very assimilated, you know.

536
00:29:34,079 --> 00:29:37,880
Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah. The you know, what was the cool time

537
00:29:37,920 --> 00:29:40,359
we went to was Melepuco. How do you stay that

538
00:29:40,400 --> 00:29:42,039
Malapuco outside of Congo?

539
00:29:43,240 --> 00:29:43,960
Speaker 3: Melipelko?

540
00:29:44,160 --> 00:29:50,240
Speaker 1: Melee, Yes, fucking butchered Melepeuco. How do you pronounce that?

541
00:29:50,279 --> 00:29:54,519
Say it again, Melipelko? Yeah, I'm not I'm fucked. I'm fucked.

542
00:29:54,519 --> 00:29:56,279
Never mind, Okay, Well, either way, it was a cool

543
00:29:56,319 --> 00:29:58,960
town and there was you know, they had LARTs of

544
00:29:58,960 --> 00:30:02,000
era Carria stuff in the little shops and like a

545
00:30:02,000 --> 00:30:05,000
little statue they had made of I mean, you could

546
00:30:05,000 --> 00:30:07,079
tell there was a reverence for that tree, which I

547
00:30:07,160 --> 00:30:10,920
was happy to see. But those those fucking trees, man,

548
00:30:11,000 --> 00:30:12,839
that was one of my That was one of my favorite,

549
00:30:13,400 --> 00:30:15,920
one of my favorite places that we had went to

550
00:30:16,000 --> 00:30:20,799
Congio and now a Buddha, now a Buddha, I think, yeah.

551
00:30:20,640 --> 00:30:22,759
Speaker 3: Oh, I think you like the you like it better

552
00:30:22,799 --> 00:30:24,079
than Buddha, right, And no.

553
00:30:24,119 --> 00:30:26,480
Speaker 1: I think I like Nawa Buddha better because the the

554
00:30:26,599 --> 00:30:29,079
lichen and the coastal I mean, the trees were just

555
00:30:29,559 --> 00:30:32,680
more insane looking in the in Nawa Buddha. Maybe the

556
00:30:32,720 --> 00:30:35,799
forest that's where the really really I mean there's massive

557
00:30:35,839 --> 00:30:39,400
trees everywhere. But but now Wabuda is not that big.

558
00:30:39,440 --> 00:30:42,039
I mean it's it's surrounded by pine hill right.

559
00:30:43,319 --> 00:30:46,960
Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean actually Nawa Buddha's in the latitude with

560
00:30:47,079 --> 00:30:54,279
most biodiversity, like for I mean vascular plants. Yeah, I've

561
00:30:54,319 --> 00:30:57,359
never been in Nawa Buddha. It's uh sad for me

562
00:30:57,559 --> 00:31:01,839
I have to go. But yeah, it's I mean all

563
00:31:01,920 --> 00:31:05,559
the actually now with Buddhas save that the heights saved

564
00:31:05,680 --> 00:31:08,279
some of the vegetation because in other regions in the

565
00:31:08,319 --> 00:31:12,200
coastal forest or the coastal range, man, it's like three

566
00:31:12,240 --> 00:31:14,359
percent native forest left.

567
00:31:14,480 --> 00:31:15,319
Speaker 3: It's depressing.

568
00:31:15,720 --> 00:31:18,799
Speaker 2: The first time I took the first time I went

569
00:31:18,920 --> 00:31:23,759
by car in this infinite plantation forest, man, I felt

570
00:31:23,839 --> 00:31:28,079
like shed Like you you stop the car, you see

571
00:31:28,119 --> 00:31:31,559
these plantations and there's not beards singing.

572
00:31:31,279 --> 00:31:34,160
Speaker 4: There's no lfe. You know, it's like a it's like

573
00:31:34,200 --> 00:31:37,640
a green desert. Yeah, that's horrible. Yeah, that's what I mean.

574
00:31:37,880 --> 00:31:40,559
It really does feel bad. It feels like a bad trip.

575
00:31:41,039 --> 00:31:44,039
We stopped at some of these pine plantations. I felt

576
00:31:44,119 --> 00:31:46,680
like a little ten minute video, which is basically just

577
00:31:46,759 --> 00:31:49,759
me ranting and looking at pine hell and.

578
00:31:50,000 --> 00:31:51,839
Speaker 2: Man, it's hell, got it really is.

579
00:31:51,920 --> 00:31:54,200
Speaker 1: It's fucking miserable. And that's the thing is it's funny

580
00:31:54,200 --> 00:31:59,119
too because Pinus radiata occupies like a very small area

581
00:31:59,119 --> 00:32:01,640
in northern California. It's an endangered tree in the wild,

582
00:32:01,680 --> 00:32:05,359
but it's probably the most it's the most abundant tree

583
00:32:05,400 --> 00:32:06,440
on planet Earth right now.

584
00:32:06,440 --> 00:32:10,039
Speaker 2: Probably because these companies will will say they're doing XC

585
00:32:10,200 --> 00:32:11,720
to conservation now.

586
00:32:13,000 --> 00:32:15,640
Speaker 1: Yeah, or they're doing they're doing carbon sick wist. This

587
00:32:15,720 --> 00:32:18,119
is the thing. That's why you have to be wary

588
00:32:18,160 --> 00:32:20,480
of this bullshit that gets put out there where they're like, oh, yeah,

589
00:32:20,480 --> 00:32:24,160
we're planting trees. You know, we might be a United Airlines,

590
00:32:24,200 --> 00:32:28,759
we might be you know, uh, profiting off of massive

591
00:32:28,799 --> 00:32:31,119
flights whatever and people gotta fly. I fucking get it.

592
00:32:31,119 --> 00:32:34,359
But but but you know they're like, well, we're doing offsets,

593
00:32:34,359 --> 00:32:37,119
we're doing carbon offsets. Well, you're not restoring forest jackets,

594
00:32:37,160 --> 00:32:40,759
you're just planting. You're just planting farms. It's like cows

595
00:32:40,799 --> 00:32:44,079
are not wildlife either, Like, yeah, you're murking habitat and

596
00:32:44,160 --> 00:32:46,039
killing a bunch of wildlife. And then it's like sitting.

597
00:32:46,160 --> 00:32:48,160
It's like doing that and then saying like, well, but

598
00:32:48,240 --> 00:32:53,240
we're breeding cows, so it's it's okay, we're offsetting. Yeah right,

599
00:32:53,319 --> 00:32:55,839
it's just anything will do right, like it's it's so.

600
00:32:56,440 --> 00:33:00,000
But the fucking pines were everywhere. God, I couldn't believe it.

601
00:32:59,839 --> 00:33:04,079
And they're fucking everywhere, doug fur up in the fucking mountains.

602
00:33:04,079 --> 00:33:06,799
You think you're you think you've escaped them, you're in

603
00:33:06,839 --> 00:33:09,559
like a somewhat native area, and then you look and

604
00:33:09,599 --> 00:33:12,160
there's a fucking doug fur or a pine or a

605
00:33:12,160 --> 00:33:14,480
eucalyptus orally Jesus man.

606
00:33:15,319 --> 00:33:19,480
Speaker 2: When I see a pine, like any like species of pine,

607
00:33:19,880 --> 00:33:23,440
I feel something bad, you know. So I'm trying to

608
00:33:23,880 --> 00:33:27,880
resettle my brain to not hate every pine I see.

609
00:33:27,960 --> 00:33:31,440
But for me, like this kind of landscape, it means

610
00:33:31,599 --> 00:33:35,359
like death, you know it does. It's example, when I

611
00:33:35,400 --> 00:33:37,880
went to the Mexico to the Sierra to see like

612
00:33:38,079 --> 00:33:40,400
native pines and all, it's like a mind fuck for

613
00:33:40,480 --> 00:33:44,240
my brain, you know, like I still cannot understand.

614
00:33:44,559 --> 00:33:46,400
Speaker 1: Well for me, you know, because for me, it's like

615
00:33:46,440 --> 00:33:49,400
eucalyptus are like that in California, they're just the desert

616
00:33:49,400 --> 00:33:52,440
and it's garbage. And I guess they're still yahoos that

617
00:33:52,759 --> 00:33:55,240
you know, don't want them cut down. But but then

618
00:33:55,359 --> 00:33:56,599
you know, and I hated them, but then when I

619
00:33:56,599 --> 00:33:59,079
saw them in Australia, I was like, man, these are

620
00:33:59,079 --> 00:34:02,200
fucking dope. This is such a cool genus. They're so

621
00:34:02,640 --> 00:34:06,240
unique and and they're in they're and they're an important

622
00:34:06,279 --> 00:34:09,519
part of this living machine. But you know, over here,

623
00:34:09,920 --> 00:34:12,719
not ten thousand miles away, And so I had more

624
00:34:12,760 --> 00:34:16,239
found beautiful. Yeah, and I've seen I've seen Eucalyptus globulus

625
00:34:16,239 --> 00:34:19,519
in Tasmania where there are these fucking beasts. They're so

626
00:34:19,559 --> 00:34:22,920
beautiful and they they're in these beautiful forests that sound amazing.

627
00:34:23,000 --> 00:34:25,960
And and then when you see them in planted in

628
00:34:26,920 --> 00:34:29,599
you know, in California, you're like, god, this is hell.

629
00:34:29,760 --> 00:34:31,519
And it was the same thing with the redwoods. I saw,

630
00:34:31,559 --> 00:34:34,079
you know, coast redwood forests are amazing. But then I

631
00:34:34,119 --> 00:34:37,119
saw a redwood plantation in New Zealand and it was

632
00:34:37,360 --> 00:34:41,920
fucking horrible. There was nothing growing in the understory, like nothing.

633
00:34:42,000 --> 00:34:44,480
Speaker 2: It was just when you went to when you went

634
00:34:44,519 --> 00:34:48,000
to Australia, and it must be very really difficult to

635
00:34:48,039 --> 00:34:52,079
tell apart the different, like they almost all looked the same.

636
00:34:52,679 --> 00:34:55,559
Speaker 1: No, man, no, there's no, there's there's fucking in the

637
00:34:55,599 --> 00:34:58,079
Sterling Range there's ones that aren't only like three or

638
00:34:58,119 --> 00:35:00,960
four meters tall with these crazy leaves, and then in

639
00:35:00,960 --> 00:35:05,480
Tasmania there's one that only gets two meters or excuse me,

640
00:35:05,719 --> 00:35:09,079
half a meter tall, not even it's it's like and

641
00:35:09,119 --> 00:35:12,119
it needs fire. Yeah, it forms these massive ligno tubers

642
00:35:12,199 --> 00:35:15,679
underground and it needs fire to burn, and it grows

643
00:35:15,719 --> 00:35:19,440
in like alpine Tasmania like it's it's so you'd never

644
00:35:19,480 --> 00:35:23,159
guess it was a eucalyptus. It looks like a Arctostaphalos

645
00:35:23,280 --> 00:35:25,440
or something really cool. I mean, there's so much diversity.

646
00:35:25,840 --> 00:35:27,960
And then then you've got those rainbow eucalyptus with the

647
00:35:28,000 --> 00:35:31,639
cool bark, and Eucalyptus regnans that gets really big and

648
00:35:31,679 --> 00:35:34,039
it's basically a tempered rainforest tree. I mean, it's a

649
00:35:34,079 --> 00:35:37,480
really cool lineage. There used to be Eucalyptus in South America,

650
00:35:37,519 --> 00:35:39,559
I guess forty million years ago, but they wont extinct

651
00:35:39,559 --> 00:35:40,519
there for whatever reason.

652
00:35:41,639 --> 00:35:44,519
Speaker 2: Yeah. The other day I heard that it seems like

653
00:35:44,639 --> 00:35:48,360
they developed here in South America and then they left us.

654
00:35:48,599 --> 00:35:50,760
Speaker 1: Yeah. Yeah, yeah, because you guys have a lot of

655
00:35:50,920 --> 00:35:53,880
Mrtesi down there too. I mean that's a huge.

656
00:35:53,960 --> 00:35:56,199
Speaker 3: Yeah, a lot of Yeah, we have a lot of that.

657
00:35:56,760 --> 00:35:57,639
Speaker 2: Yeah, a lot of.

658
00:35:59,159 --> 00:36:02,760
Speaker 1: So what with the pines? What's up with when that

659
00:36:02,840 --> 00:36:05,960
all started in the seventies, right, that was like Pinochet mostly,

660
00:36:06,000 --> 00:36:07,119
that was that Forest Law.

661
00:36:08,519 --> 00:36:09,840
Speaker 3: Yeah, I think that.

662
00:36:10,800 --> 00:36:12,440
Speaker 2: I don't know the year as well, but I think

663
00:36:12,440 --> 00:36:16,239
it was in the twentieth century that different scientists started

664
00:36:16,239 --> 00:36:20,119
to look at different trees that behaved well, because I

665
00:36:20,159 --> 00:36:24,320
mean beforehand, I mean, they did a lot of deforestation

666
00:36:24,480 --> 00:36:31,280
of native forests, you know, but this coastal range was

667
00:36:31,800 --> 00:36:35,559
really I kind of sucked up before Pinochet came and

668
00:36:35,599 --> 00:36:39,599
they started to plant the pines, you know, because they

669
00:36:39,679 --> 00:36:41,440
used this for planting wheat.

670
00:36:42,679 --> 00:36:45,320
Speaker 3: So they cleared the forest.

671
00:36:45,000 --> 00:36:50,039
Speaker 2: They planted wheat, and after some years the soil was useless,

672
00:36:50,079 --> 00:36:53,119
you know. So if you see pictures, ancient pictures of

673
00:36:53,159 --> 00:36:56,239
these places, it was like a desert in some areas,

674
00:36:56,280 --> 00:36:59,840
you know. So then in the seventies came Pinochet with

675
00:36:59,880 --> 00:37:04,039
the Special Law and they subsidized the plantation of trees.

676
00:37:04,440 --> 00:37:07,239
So a lot of people like the little remains of

677
00:37:07,400 --> 00:37:11,440
native forest. They started cutting down also to plant finds.

678
00:37:11,480 --> 00:37:16,239
You know, r man, it's it's it's it's crazy like.

679
00:37:16,599 --> 00:37:19,519
And also they don't it's like it's a shitty wood,

680
00:37:19,559 --> 00:37:23,719
you know, like, yeah, they should at least some good wood.

681
00:37:23,800 --> 00:37:25,039
You know that this wood sucks.

682
00:37:25,159 --> 00:37:28,840
Speaker 1: Now, pine sucks. It's the ship. We make fun of

683
00:37:28,840 --> 00:37:31,039
it here in the US. I mean, you'll find some

684
00:37:31,079 --> 00:37:33,400
clowns sometimes that like defend it. They're like, no, it's

685
00:37:33,480 --> 00:37:36,480
it's gary. You can't build gout houses. You build houses

686
00:37:36,519 --> 00:37:39,239
at last thirty or forty years. And the ship grows

687
00:37:39,239 --> 00:37:42,039
so fast and it needs to be. If it's got

688
00:37:42,079 --> 00:37:45,519
any contact at all with moisture, it starts rotting. It's

689
00:37:45,559 --> 00:37:48,280
not good wood. It's not it's you know, it's there's

690
00:37:48,280 --> 00:37:51,519
no rod resistance. It's like the home you know what

691
00:37:51,559 --> 00:37:54,000
home Depot is. I hope not, but if you do.

692
00:37:54,880 --> 00:37:59,599
Speaker 2: Yeah, we here we have like Easy or come Center.

693
00:37:59,800 --> 00:38:04,800
Speaker 1: Yeah, these like brandnames. God, if I could just if

694
00:38:04,840 --> 00:38:07,199
I could purge it, if I could purge all the

695
00:38:07,239 --> 00:38:10,280
corporate logos from my head and just never think of

696
00:38:10,320 --> 00:38:12,920
them again, I would. But like, you go to home

697
00:38:12,960 --> 00:38:15,559
Depot and you buy a shitty two by four, and

698
00:38:15,559 --> 00:38:17,559
that's it's like rady out of pine. It probably comes

699
00:38:17,599 --> 00:38:20,079
from Chile or New Zealand or somewhere else. I don't know.

700
00:38:20,679 --> 00:38:23,119
I don't know. I saw this ship in Brazil too,

701
00:38:23,519 --> 00:38:27,360
but it's it requires massive amounts of land that destroys

702
00:38:27,400 --> 00:38:29,760
the soil too. I mean it destroys all the microbial

703
00:38:29,840 --> 00:38:31,880
richness in the soil, and so all you get are

704
00:38:31,920 --> 00:38:34,639
the ectomycro rise that associate with the pine roots. And

705
00:38:34,679 --> 00:38:36,880
it's a fucking tinder box too. Like we went, we

706
00:38:36,920 --> 00:38:42,360
went by somebody's forests that not forest pine plantations where

707
00:38:42,360 --> 00:38:45,559
it's like that is a fucking tinder box waiting to

708
00:38:45,639 --> 00:38:47,079
go up like that.

709
00:38:47,599 --> 00:38:51,000
Speaker 2: Every three or four years or left. We have like

710
00:38:51,159 --> 00:38:55,519
huge forest fires, and they're especially in the in the

711
00:38:55,559 --> 00:38:56,920
pine plantations.

712
00:38:56,599 --> 00:38:59,039
Speaker 1: Yeah, because the old limbs die and then then you've

713
00:38:59,079 --> 00:39:02,039
just got this dead dry wood during a long dry

714
00:39:02,079 --> 00:39:05,119
summer season, just sitting there and it's just a ladder fire.

715
00:39:05,519 --> 00:39:08,039
And I saw one area where they limb them up

716
00:39:08,039 --> 00:39:09,599
when the trees are closest to the road. But then

717
00:39:09,639 --> 00:39:12,519
you go into the pine plantation and it's thick, and

718
00:39:12,679 --> 00:39:15,440
you know, I had a friend in northern California who

719
00:39:15,440 --> 00:39:19,039
had some land and it was he basically bought land

720
00:39:19,199 --> 00:39:22,239
that was a garbage dump and a pine plantation, but

721
00:39:22,320 --> 00:39:25,199
the pines are native there. It was Pinus ponderosa. And

722
00:39:25,239 --> 00:39:27,960
so the first five years he owned that spot, you know,

723
00:39:28,000 --> 00:39:29,920
we ended up restoring it. We planted a bunch of

724
00:39:30,000 --> 00:39:34,400
native California cypresses is in Sisku County, California, and the

725
00:39:34,480 --> 00:39:37,159
first five years we would have to go up and

726
00:39:37,280 --> 00:39:40,360
limb the pines up to like fifteen feet what is

727
00:39:40,400 --> 00:39:43,280
that five meters and then do burn piles in the

728
00:39:43,320 --> 00:39:46,280
winter to get rid of this fuel. Because I mean,

729
00:39:46,360 --> 00:39:48,440
you saw this. You'd see these forests and you're like,

730
00:39:48,480 --> 00:39:51,000
that is a fucking bomb. That's literally a bomb that's

731
00:39:51,039 --> 00:39:53,639
gonna go off. You're gonna get a windy day. Some

732
00:39:53,800 --> 00:39:57,239
jackass throws a spark, you know, whatever lights a cigarette

733
00:39:57,280 --> 00:39:59,159
forgets to put it out. There's a fire they have,

734
00:39:59,320 --> 00:40:01,840
it doesn't and you get these winds that are so

735
00:40:01,920 --> 00:40:05,000
strong that it's basically blowing. Laterally, it's like turns the

736
00:40:05,039 --> 00:40:07,760
fire into a blowtorch and everything goes up. And so

737
00:40:08,519 --> 00:40:10,840
we did that and we limbed the because once the pine,

738
00:40:10,840 --> 00:40:12,679
once you get the branches up to twenty feet, the

739
00:40:12,719 --> 00:40:15,559
pines are pretty fire resistant if it's a low burning fire.

740
00:40:15,639 --> 00:40:18,719
But below that, man, they just it just is a bomb.

741
00:40:18,760 --> 00:40:20,079
They just ladder fire, you know.

742
00:40:21,800 --> 00:40:23,920
Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean, as I was telling you the worst

743
00:40:23,920 --> 00:40:27,800
fires that we had lately, it's only in the pine plantations.

744
00:40:27,920 --> 00:40:31,880
And also it's very sketchy because the like there's two

745
00:40:32,000 --> 00:40:35,519
or three companies that own most of these land with

746
00:40:35,559 --> 00:40:38,199
the pines, you know, and also Pinochette like gave these

747
00:40:38,199 --> 00:40:41,440
to Israelatives, you know, people that is really close to

748
00:40:41,599 --> 00:40:47,320
that redeem No classic and yeah, sitting from this. And

749
00:40:47,360 --> 00:40:51,360
also a lot of times people also here like fires

750
00:40:51,400 --> 00:40:53,920
that are not normal, like in California, you know, so

751
00:40:54,800 --> 00:40:58,239
ninety point ninety nine point nine of the times is

752
00:40:59,000 --> 00:41:03,719
the same company is putting fire to the plantations to

753
00:41:03,719 --> 00:41:07,039
to collect insurance and stuff like that. You know, it's

754
00:41:07,159 --> 00:41:07,920
really dark.

755
00:41:08,880 --> 00:41:12,679
Speaker 1: Are they national? Are they foreign companies or Chilean companies.

756
00:41:12,400 --> 00:41:14,679
Speaker 2: Or Chilean company.

757
00:41:16,079 --> 00:41:20,960
Speaker 1: Yeah, it's like local people ruining the landscape and not foreigners.

758
00:41:20,960 --> 00:41:23,360
Speaker 3: But it's local, local rich people.

759
00:41:23,719 --> 00:41:27,000
Speaker 1: Yeah. Yeah, I'm sure they have fun at the ski resorts.

760
00:41:27,000 --> 00:41:29,480
I'm sure they love some of those, you know, luxury

761
00:41:29,519 --> 00:41:36,000
resorts in the winter, of course, but but yeah, so

762
00:41:36,000 --> 00:41:38,920
so the the pines were So that was episode. It

763
00:41:38,920 --> 00:41:42,719
started off basically planting over degraded wheat fields, but then

764
00:41:43,039 --> 00:41:44,920
it was so I mean, there was such a huge

765
00:41:44,920 --> 00:41:47,840
subsidy for planting pines that eventually they were just like funk,

766
00:41:47,880 --> 00:41:50,159
we just start taking the native forest. It's there's no

767
00:41:50,320 --> 00:41:53,079
use for it anyway. And so that's what they do.

768
00:41:54,599 --> 00:41:57,559
Speaker 2: Yeah, and some of the for example, the part that

769
00:41:57,599 --> 00:42:01,079
you went to Besit in sang this forest is kind

770
00:42:01,119 --> 00:42:04,280
of protected. You know, you cannot like go and cut

771
00:42:04,280 --> 00:42:08,280
of the trees. You need special permission, you cannot cut everything,

772
00:42:08,440 --> 00:42:11,239
you know. But in other parts of Chile. But par example,

773
00:42:11,239 --> 00:42:15,800
in Chilo, man they're taking everything apart because they they

774
00:42:15,880 --> 00:42:17,840
love these luma.

775
00:42:19,119 --> 00:42:19,920
Speaker 1: Luma.

776
00:42:21,400 --> 00:42:26,400
Speaker 2: No no, it has another I forgot, the the amo

777
00:42:26,440 --> 00:42:33,119
miltus luma and this is a very strong wood. And

778
00:42:33,199 --> 00:42:37,760
also the poliast pipularist over there. The polist tipularist is

779
00:42:37,800 --> 00:42:41,119
a really cool forest that looks like from an enchanted

780
00:42:42,119 --> 00:42:47,880
forest because the trees don't grow like straight. They grow

781
00:42:47,920 --> 00:42:51,599
in forty five degrees, you know, like it's really cool

782
00:42:51,639 --> 00:42:55,079
on the inside, it's like a net of wood, you know.

783
00:42:55,280 --> 00:42:58,280
Then the roots come to the outside and they do

784
00:42:58,519 --> 00:43:01,239
cool curves and all that kind of forest.

785
00:43:01,280 --> 00:43:03,519
Speaker 3: They don't cut with the chain, so they go like

786
00:43:03,559 --> 00:43:05,559
with a like a.

787
00:43:05,480 --> 00:43:09,599
Speaker 2: Heavy machinery to take it, like all the soils, you know,

788
00:43:10,800 --> 00:43:14,719
everything like the roots, the tree. So in the south

789
00:43:14,800 --> 00:43:18,760
they're they're repeating the same thing that happened in the

790
00:43:18,800 --> 00:43:20,360
central region in Chile, you know.

791
00:43:20,360 --> 00:43:22,360
Speaker 1: And it's not protected. I mean, is there is There

792
00:43:22,400 --> 00:43:24,239
are there pieces of it that are protected.

793
00:43:25,599 --> 00:43:29,079
Speaker 2: I mean they're huge pieces that are protected like far

794
00:43:29,119 --> 00:43:32,039
away from where the people live, you know, but where

795
00:43:32,079 --> 00:43:36,679
there is population people, especially like in Chile or in

796
00:43:36,920 --> 00:43:40,639
near Portomont, they're still taking a part of this forest,

797
00:43:40,719 --> 00:43:45,199
you know, Jesus. Yeah, But Chilo also has men. We

798
00:43:45,320 --> 00:43:49,320
have a lot of hectars, protected hectars in the south

799
00:43:49,320 --> 00:43:52,199
of Chile in the Patagonia. But it's like a scam,

800
00:43:52,320 --> 00:43:56,119
you know, because we have huge parks that most of

801
00:43:56,159 --> 00:43:59,000
them don't have people like taking care of them. And

802
00:43:59,440 --> 00:44:02,639
the place where we most need the parks in the

803
00:44:02,679 --> 00:44:06,199
central region, where we have more endangered species or where

804
00:44:06,239 --> 00:44:09,599
they are carriers, are you know, the the there's not

805
00:44:09,760 --> 00:44:12,239
so many protected areas, you know. So Chile is doing

806
00:44:12,320 --> 00:44:15,679
like this camp of doing this the huge national park

807
00:44:15,800 --> 00:44:18,079
that is the same if they are a national park,

808
00:44:18,159 --> 00:44:20,440
of they are not like there's no one living there,

809
00:44:20,440 --> 00:44:23,440
you know. So and actually these parks are full of

810
00:44:23,960 --> 00:44:26,480
salmon farms, you know.

811
00:44:26,840 --> 00:44:29,960
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, the salmon farm. That's right. You guys have

812
00:44:30,079 --> 00:44:32,559
salmon farms down. Salmon are not native to Chile.

813
00:44:33,679 --> 00:44:37,599
Speaker 2: No, they're not native, and especially Patagonia. I mean it's

814
00:44:37,599 --> 00:44:40,400
full of them, especially and also in the in these

815
00:44:40,519 --> 00:44:41,400
national parks, you know.

816
00:44:41,480 --> 00:44:44,599
Speaker 3: So it's it's crazy. It's not the actual protection.

817
00:44:44,280 --> 00:44:44,480
Speaker 2: You know.

818
00:44:44,760 --> 00:44:48,000
Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, Amma murders luma that yeah, we saw that.

819
00:44:48,159 --> 00:44:50,119
Where I see that? Where the fuck did I see that?

820
00:44:50,920 --> 00:44:54,760
I forget it was, Oh that was in alert se Costero. Yeah,

821
00:44:55,079 --> 00:44:59,440
mertesi there's so much more most man lamb luma. But

822
00:44:59,559 --> 00:45:02,719
Luma peculata, not to change the subject, but Luma peculata

823
00:45:02,760 --> 00:45:04,639
that's around you too. That's the one that looks it's

824
00:45:04,679 --> 00:45:07,400
got bark like a madrone, which is a member of

825
00:45:07,440 --> 00:45:09,840
the blueberry family that we have up here. But it's

826
00:45:09,840 --> 00:45:13,039
got that smooth bark and makes a really delicious fruit

827
00:45:13,079 --> 00:45:15,920
that's mertasty as well. That that is, I mean, that's

828
00:45:15,920 --> 00:45:18,840
a really common tree. Where does that Where does that start?

829
00:45:18,880 --> 00:45:19,719
What's the range of that.

830
00:45:20,840 --> 00:45:24,480
Speaker 2: It's common and it's very it grows on it very

831
00:45:24,719 --> 00:45:28,480
like it starts on Cokimbo or Valparaiso, I don't remember.

832
00:45:28,519 --> 00:45:31,199
But in the central region you can see it more

833
00:45:31,280 --> 00:45:34,119
like a shrub, you know. But in the south, in

834
00:45:34,280 --> 00:45:38,920
like especially in Chiloe and in Islamocha, you have like

835
00:45:39,239 --> 00:45:44,639
pure luma picolata forests. They're huge, and it's amazing. They're huge,

836
00:45:44,760 --> 00:45:50,519
they're beautiful. It's it's crazy, like it's so different from

837
00:45:50,679 --> 00:45:53,960
other forests that we have here because normally they don't

838
00:45:54,000 --> 00:45:56,840
tend to do pure forest, you know, they do one

839
00:45:57,000 --> 00:46:00,719
one over here, one over there. But I don't know why.

840
00:46:00,079 --> 00:46:05,960
You know, they have a lot of like pure you know.

841
00:46:06,039 --> 00:46:09,360
Speaker 1: It was going back to what you were saying about

842
00:46:09,400 --> 00:46:12,840
about you know, where the word protected land is needed.

843
00:46:12,880 --> 00:46:16,159
I think I mean Central Chile. Yeah, because there's more biodiversity,

844
00:46:16,159 --> 00:46:18,639
it's more endangered, it's more directly there's more of a

845
00:46:18,679 --> 00:46:21,320
direct threat to it from development because that's where the

846
00:46:21,320 --> 00:46:24,800
population is. But also I think just that's where the

847
00:46:24,840 --> 00:46:27,280
population center is, that's where people have more of a

848
00:46:27,320 --> 00:46:30,639
need to be exposed to what the land looked like.

849
00:46:30,719 --> 00:46:33,880
I mean, it's it's so crazy. It's so crazy to me.

850
00:46:33,960 --> 00:46:36,280
I mean, you can spend your entire life in a

851
00:46:36,280 --> 00:46:38,320
place and have no idea what it looked like one

852
00:46:38,360 --> 00:46:41,880
hundred bucking years before, and you the only plants you

853
00:46:41,920 --> 00:46:44,559
see are the invasive garbage that's brought in, that escaped

854
00:46:44,599 --> 00:46:47,960
out of horticulture, that's got no ecological context, that doesn't

855
00:46:48,000 --> 00:46:50,159
have any of the relationships with the insects and animals.

856
00:46:50,159 --> 00:46:53,920
Speaker 2: And it's crazy. There's people that will never know how

857
00:46:53,960 --> 00:46:58,199
the like the nature ecosystem and natural ecosystem is over there. Actually,

858
00:46:58,239 --> 00:47:02,760
I started like my not Alison thing when I because

859
00:47:02,880 --> 00:47:04,920
when I live in Santiago. When I was a kid,

860
00:47:05,559 --> 00:47:11,000
I saw only like the Vattelia cavin you know, like littriacostia,

861
00:47:11,719 --> 00:47:12,920
very open forests.

862
00:47:13,079 --> 00:47:17,599
Speaker 3: So when I was like twenty something, I went.

863
00:47:17,400 --> 00:47:21,960
Speaker 2: To the coastal forest near Santiago, where you have not

864
00:47:22,119 --> 00:47:27,000
a fagus, you have Gunera victoria, you have magayanica, you

865
00:47:27,119 --> 00:47:30,320
have stuff that for me was Southern stuff, you know.

866
00:47:30,400 --> 00:47:33,719
So my brain just exploded and then I understood, but

867
00:47:34,000 --> 00:47:37,679
was for me it was such a like impactful thing

868
00:47:37,880 --> 00:47:41,440
to see, like man, like these places had like really

869
00:47:41,480 --> 00:47:45,639
cool ecosystems before the destruction, you know.

870
00:47:45,880 --> 00:47:46,559
Speaker 1: And where was this?

871
00:47:48,239 --> 00:47:50,960
Speaker 2: In? Alto? The Chicama is the coastal range that you

872
00:47:51,039 --> 00:47:54,800
have to the west of Santiago, you know, I don't

873
00:47:54,800 --> 00:47:57,480
know if if you crossed from Santiago to Valparaiso, you

874
00:47:57,519 --> 00:48:00,800
have to pass some tunnels. You know, there's like a

875
00:48:00,880 --> 00:48:04,960
arrange that has like two thousand meters in height, so

876
00:48:05,079 --> 00:48:09,360
over there you have like the most cool forests near Santiago,

877
00:48:09,400 --> 00:48:11,760
you know, or the most bio diverse.

878
00:48:12,079 --> 00:48:13,920
Speaker 1: Yeah. Yeah, I was going to ask you, how did

879
00:48:13,960 --> 00:48:16,840
you because your background wasn't in Banni, you didn't go

880
00:48:16,840 --> 00:48:18,400
to school for any of this, how did you how

881
00:48:18,440 --> 00:48:21,440
did you get started paying attention to it and developing

882
00:48:21,480 --> 00:48:23,960
a love for it? Fuck?

883
00:48:24,039 --> 00:48:27,880
Speaker 2: It was a very slow process because right now I'm

884
00:48:28,039 --> 00:48:32,840
thirty nine years old, and through my twenties I didn't know.

885
00:48:32,920 --> 00:48:36,320
Speaker 3: Much about nature. I loved the thing.

886
00:48:36,559 --> 00:48:40,360
Speaker 2: I love to go to to national parks for some reason,

887
00:48:41,280 --> 00:48:45,199
and like in two thousand and sixteen, more or less,

888
00:48:45,320 --> 00:48:51,480
I came across these birds bird Chilean birds guide. So

889
00:48:51,880 --> 00:48:54,880
when I saw that, my head, my head exploded, you know,

890
00:48:55,039 --> 00:48:57,719
like I was like a fuck, there is like guides

891
00:48:57,719 --> 00:49:01,079
for Chilean things. And then I mean, it was two

892
00:49:01,119 --> 00:49:03,880
things to see this guide and to look at this

893
00:49:03,960 --> 00:49:07,000
forest that I was telling you about, the Chica forest.

894
00:49:08,039 --> 00:49:12,119
And then my head exploded and I started taking courses

895
00:49:12,159 --> 00:49:13,679
of wild edible plants.

896
00:49:13,800 --> 00:49:15,400
Speaker 3: And I was telling you before.

897
00:49:15,159 --> 00:49:18,079
Speaker 2: I started with that, you know, I started like learning

898
00:49:18,079 --> 00:49:21,719
a lot about wild edible plants foraging, and I started

899
00:49:21,840 --> 00:49:28,000
making courses, you know, like teaching people about this. Yeah. Yeah,

900
00:49:28,039 --> 00:49:31,280
but it was I don't know. That project is almost

901
00:49:31,320 --> 00:49:35,400
dead right now because for so many reasons. I mean,

902
00:49:35,480 --> 00:49:40,079
the coolest edible plants here are endangered. You know, like

903
00:49:40,119 --> 00:49:44,920
for example, got that fruit is edible. It's awesome. Like

904
00:49:44,960 --> 00:49:49,559
the pujas also are edible, but are very endangered. The

905
00:49:49,639 --> 00:49:54,159
Jubai culensis you can need the like the thing that

906
00:49:54,239 --> 00:49:56,360
is inside how did you call the heart.

907
00:49:56,639 --> 00:50:00,880
Speaker 1: The seed or inside the state the heart? Yeah, the

908
00:50:00,920 --> 00:50:06,599
embryo inside the leaves. Oh okay, yeah yeah, yeah, okay,

909
00:50:06,599 --> 00:50:10,599
so the heart of the pond, like the inside that

910
00:50:10,719 --> 00:50:12,719
where the new leaves are like that, you're basically eating

911
00:50:12,719 --> 00:50:15,239
the appicle maristime. You can eat that from jubea, but

912
00:50:15,320 --> 00:50:16,559
it kills the plant, right.

913
00:50:17,519 --> 00:50:20,159
Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, So there was so much cool stuff that

914
00:50:20,800 --> 00:50:23,639
you cannot do that I was like tiny hands. And

915
00:50:23,679 --> 00:50:27,360
also the the cooks and the chefs, like they don't

916
00:50:27,400 --> 00:50:31,760
care about the ecosystem or to know about the story

917
00:50:31,760 --> 00:50:34,239
of the planet. They just see an ingredient and they

918
00:50:34,280 --> 00:50:37,280
tell you, Okay, I want tenklos of this. So it's

919
00:50:37,400 --> 00:50:43,239
so very not sustainable that I was like, I don't know,

920
00:50:43,320 --> 00:50:46,880
it was like mind bending or mind sucking and how

921
00:50:46,880 --> 00:50:49,360
to say it. So I just left that, you know,

922
00:50:49,719 --> 00:50:52,440
and I and I think, like, what can I do

923
00:50:52,599 --> 00:50:55,920
to preserve nature, you know, not to use it? And

924
00:50:57,440 --> 00:51:00,880
so that's why I started doing this guy and like

925
00:51:01,239 --> 00:51:04,519
more teaching about the native flora than their uses, you know.

926
00:51:04,840 --> 00:51:08,159
Speaker 1: So you went, you went from like an anthropocentric view,

927
00:51:08,679 --> 00:51:10,320
which is I think how a lot of people get

928
00:51:10,320 --> 00:51:12,719
into it. Like for me, my anthropocentric view was I

929
00:51:12,760 --> 00:51:16,039
just want to plant trees that will destroy, you know,

930
00:51:16,679 --> 00:51:20,119
the uh. I want to plant these large trees and

931
00:51:20,199 --> 00:51:24,400
cities that will destroy, that will vandalize these you know

932
00:51:24,519 --> 00:51:27,920
places basically like fuck up the sidewalk or whatever you know,

933
00:51:27,960 --> 00:51:32,679
that will get big and uh cool. And I think

934
00:51:32,679 --> 00:51:35,400
it was like a relation. Maybe it was a relationship

935
00:51:35,440 --> 00:51:37,440
to graffiti when I was younger. So I don't know,

936
00:51:37,559 --> 00:51:39,960
I don't know. I just wanted to and that's why you.

937
00:51:40,480 --> 00:51:42,519
Speaker 2: I wanted to ask you, like, why did you get

938
00:51:42,559 --> 00:51:44,920
obsessed with the Fitzroya.

939
00:51:45,159 --> 00:51:47,719
Speaker 1: Well, because they were related to redwoods. Somebody told me

940
00:51:47,760 --> 00:51:50,719
about Fitzroya. And you know, there's these trees that grow

941
00:51:50,760 --> 00:51:53,880
in South America that are really old and evolved in

942
00:51:53,880 --> 00:51:56,880
the Jurassic and there's fossils of them, you know, from

943
00:51:56,920 --> 00:52:00,519
the other side of the world, from Tasmania. There's a

944
00:52:00,559 --> 00:52:03,119
you know, there's a Fitzroya from Tasmania that's you know,

945
00:52:03,239 --> 00:52:06,679
the cones. That's like clearly, it's clearly related to allersays.

946
00:52:07,360 --> 00:52:09,440
And I was, you know, and I would think about

947
00:52:09,480 --> 00:52:12,360
these distant places in these forests, and it always felt

948
00:52:12,360 --> 00:52:15,000
good to be in those places, you know, versus being

949
00:52:15,039 --> 00:52:18,320
in like a shopping mall. There's like a very for me.

950
00:52:18,360 --> 00:52:22,559
There's a connection between the things I hate and using

951
00:52:22,559 --> 00:52:24,480
the things I love as an antidote to them, because

952
00:52:24,480 --> 00:52:27,559
I grew up really angry and hating a lot of

953
00:52:27,599 --> 00:52:31,199
what I saw around me, which I think is good.

954
00:52:31,400 --> 00:52:33,000
I think if you don't have I think if you

955
00:52:33,039 --> 00:52:35,719
don't have that, you're not awake yet, You're not fucking

956
00:52:35,760 --> 00:52:39,760
paying attention, you know, because the world that humans have created,

957
00:52:39,880 --> 00:52:42,920
especially in this century, this consumer world. And again that's

958
00:52:42,920 --> 00:52:44,960
why the billboards are like so jarring to me. It's

959
00:52:45,000 --> 00:52:48,880
like it's so disgusting. There's so much more there than

960
00:52:49,119 --> 00:52:52,880
just this you know, piece of metal and board that's

961
00:52:52,920 --> 00:52:55,280
got an image on it, Like there's it says so

962
00:52:55,400 --> 00:52:57,440
much more to me. It's like it's so much more

963
00:52:57,519 --> 00:53:00,519
fucking repugnant and disgusting to me. And so but anyway,

964
00:53:00,559 --> 00:53:03,519
I got into I got into redwoods when someone told

965
00:53:03,559 --> 00:53:05,400
me what they were. I'd been around them for five years.

966
00:53:05,440 --> 00:53:08,199
I just wasn't paying attention. And then and then it

967
00:53:08,239 --> 00:53:09,719
was the same thing. I started to just pay attention

968
00:53:09,719 --> 00:53:11,760
to more stuff and read about more stuff, and then

969
00:53:12,039 --> 00:53:14,719
learning about taxonomy and this is related to this, And

970
00:53:14,760 --> 00:53:17,360
slowly I started zooming out more and looking at other

971
00:53:17,400 --> 00:53:21,639
plant groups and it was really fascinating. I just you know,

972
00:53:21,679 --> 00:53:23,639
the more you learn, the more you're like, holy shit,

973
00:53:23,719 --> 00:53:27,480
there's some really fascinating stuff here. And so that's what

974
00:53:27,559 --> 00:53:29,800
I did, and that's how I ended up kind of

975
00:53:29,880 --> 00:53:33,719
getting going down this wormhole that I'm like now perpetually

976
00:53:33,760 --> 00:53:36,559
stuck in. And I think it's you know, for edible plants.

977
00:53:36,599 --> 00:53:38,039
It's the same for a lot of people too. They're like,

978
00:53:38,079 --> 00:53:41,079
I'm really into like foraging, going out there, you know,

979
00:53:41,199 --> 00:53:44,559
I'm going out there starting off with this like just

980
00:53:44,599 --> 00:53:46,719
the primal urge to eat something, to put some shit

981
00:53:46,760 --> 00:53:48,079
in my mouth, see what I could eat whatever, And

982
00:53:48,119 --> 00:53:50,079
then it kind of branches off into this other stuff

983
00:53:50,159 --> 00:53:53,400
or herbalism, medicinal people get into like medicinal plants, what

984
00:53:53,480 --> 00:53:55,440
can I use to make a potion? Whatever? And I'm

985
00:53:55,440 --> 00:53:57,239
not knocking it, but but you know, and then they

986
00:53:57,360 --> 00:53:58,719
kind of zoom out and they're like, wow, there's a

987
00:53:58,760 --> 00:54:00,840
lot more here than I thought. This is pretty cool,

988
00:54:01,079 --> 00:54:01,280
you know.

989
00:54:02,159 --> 00:54:05,480
Speaker 2: Yeah, it's just one element of the whole picture. And yeah,

990
00:54:05,639 --> 00:54:08,079
I mean when I started, I also like for me,

991
00:54:08,639 --> 00:54:11,719
I even if I didn't get it at first, for me,

992
00:54:12,280 --> 00:54:15,119
going to the forest is like a huge medicine, you know,

993
00:54:15,239 --> 00:54:17,800
Like I was because when I live in Santiago, like

994
00:54:17,920 --> 00:54:21,880
this life was so stressful that just going to the

995
00:54:21,920 --> 00:54:25,920
forest was like a like clear your mind and you

996
00:54:26,000 --> 00:54:29,800
feel so much better, like being alone, like listening to

997
00:54:29,840 --> 00:54:34,599
the birds to always discovers some new thing, you know,

998
00:54:34,920 --> 00:54:38,480
or the climate every day is different. So man, I

999
00:54:38,519 --> 00:54:41,679
think it's such a great medicine, even if you don't know,

1000
00:54:42,000 --> 00:54:45,320
like which plants are you seeing or whatever, like, man,

1001
00:54:45,440 --> 00:54:48,559
just go to the to the end. Luckily in Santiago

1002
00:54:48,559 --> 00:54:50,320
we have the hills, you know, and you can just

1003
00:54:50,559 --> 00:54:52,679
go up a hill and you will get away from

1004
00:54:52,719 --> 00:54:54,840
it all and you can see it from far, like

1005
00:54:55,239 --> 00:54:57,559
two different, completely different worlds.

1006
00:54:57,760 --> 00:54:58,920
Speaker 3: I think it's crazy.

1007
00:54:59,199 --> 00:55:04,239
Speaker 2: Yeah, And and I feel bad for flat places, like

1008
00:55:04,400 --> 00:55:06,239
you were telling me, like you know how you o,

1009
00:55:06,960 --> 00:55:09,639
because I think if Tila was flat, we wouldn't have

1010
00:55:09,800 --> 00:55:12,679
any nature whatsoever, you know.

1011
00:55:12,920 --> 00:55:16,280
Speaker 1: Yeah, the terrain protects everything. The terrain protects anything otherwise,

1012
00:55:16,559 --> 00:55:19,840
the ecosystem. Otherwise the death cult would have taken everything,

1013
00:55:19,880 --> 00:55:22,679
because it's it does behave like a tumor. It takes everything.

1014
00:55:22,760 --> 00:55:23,960
It's it just keeps growing.

1015
00:55:24,000 --> 00:55:26,679
Speaker 2: So it's a sanctuary for plants and for people or

1016
00:55:26,719 --> 00:55:29,039
so like you can go there and feel amazing, like

1017
00:55:29,159 --> 00:55:29,599
for free.

1018
00:55:30,159 --> 00:55:32,039
Speaker 1: But the more people you have that are turned out

1019
00:55:32,079 --> 00:55:35,400
of this shit, the more protection it affords it, because

1020
00:55:35,440 --> 00:55:38,679
then people start valuing it and there's an inherent value

1021
00:55:38,719 --> 00:55:41,000
for it, and they decide they don't want to let

1022
00:55:41,000 --> 00:55:44,880
the developers and the you know, the greedy companies and

1023
00:55:44,960 --> 00:55:47,400
all these people that have no clue what they're missing,

1024
00:55:47,400 --> 00:55:50,840
that are so thoroughly disconnected that you know, the people

1025
00:55:50,840 --> 00:55:53,559
that value this stuff are then you know, don't want

1026
00:55:53,599 --> 00:55:55,920
to let them take everything. But if you're in a

1027
00:55:55,920 --> 00:55:58,480
place where you have no idea what's out there, you

1028
00:55:58,559 --> 00:56:01,360
see a lot being developed or sign go up, you know,

1029
00:56:01,440 --> 00:56:02,920
telling you that, oh there's going to be you know,

1030
00:56:03,039 --> 00:56:05,920
five hundred town homes here or a shopping center, and

1031
00:56:05,960 --> 00:56:08,360
you're like, well, I don't care whatever, it doesn't affect me.

1032
00:56:08,599 --> 00:56:12,519
You know, I got video games and a job that

1033
00:56:12,519 --> 00:56:15,079
I have to go to and uh, you know, I

1034
00:56:15,239 --> 00:56:18,719
come home and watch Netflix and disconnect and what do

1035
00:56:18,800 --> 00:56:20,599
I care? Like that's my world, has nothing to do

1036
00:56:20,679 --> 00:56:23,079
with that. But when you value it, it's like that's

1037
00:56:23,079 --> 00:56:24,719
my ship. Man, what are you doing. You're taking you're

1038
00:56:24,800 --> 00:56:28,599
robbing me to put up like this garbage that is hideous,

1039
00:56:29,119 --> 00:56:30,639
you know, and that is just going to make you.

1040
00:56:32,199 --> 00:56:34,360
Speaker 2: Here in Tilla now, one of the biggest problems we

1041
00:56:34,440 --> 00:56:38,960
have is like they're selling a lot of natural landscapes

1042
00:56:40,000 --> 00:56:44,079
two people as something ecological, you know, say go and

1043
00:56:44,199 --> 00:56:47,840
live here in the forest, like, but they're like disgregating

1044
00:56:47,960 --> 00:56:52,920
so much land. Actually a lot of the boat.

1045
00:56:52,719 --> 00:56:55,599
Speaker 3: And East and specialists. This is like the most.

1046
00:56:57,039 --> 00:57:02,760
Speaker 2: I mean the the the actual worst danger that we

1047
00:57:02,800 --> 00:57:05,199
have in nature that there's so much of it is

1048
00:57:05,239 --> 00:57:12,280
being like turned into like developing but masquerade as ecological thing.

1049
00:57:12,320 --> 00:57:13,920
You know. I don't know if you have that over

1050
00:57:13,960 --> 00:57:14,639
there also.

1051
00:57:14,800 --> 00:57:17,239
Speaker 1: Where it's like, you know, come live in your dream

1052
00:57:17,280 --> 00:57:19,719
home in the in the forest or something like that.

1053
00:57:20,880 --> 00:57:24,400
Speaker 2: Yeah. Yeah, and they sell it like we're protecting this,

1054
00:57:24,599 --> 00:57:27,599
but actually they're they're the strain it. And they also

1055
00:57:27,719 --> 00:57:31,079
starting use to use the mountains, like the very high

1056
00:57:31,159 --> 00:57:34,360
high mountains that we saw in San Fabiano. They're being

1057
00:57:34,440 --> 00:57:37,800
sold to people, you know, like even though it's very

1058
00:57:37,800 --> 00:57:40,480
steep and all. They will do a road, you know,

1059
00:57:40,679 --> 00:57:43,440
they will do some houses. But these people are selling

1060
00:57:43,480 --> 00:57:46,679
it as as preservation, you know. And this is a

1061
00:57:46,760 --> 00:57:47,960
big year it's happening.

1062
00:57:48,159 --> 00:57:51,480
Speaker 1: So it's so twisted, it's so cynical. Man.

1063
00:57:52,360 --> 00:57:55,800
Speaker 2: Well, actually in San Fayandco, we we have an on

1064
00:57:55,880 --> 00:57:59,920
g and we met up with the corporate bustards man

1065
00:58:00,039 --> 00:58:04,159
and then they they didn't know nothing about the place,

1066
00:58:04,360 --> 00:58:07,280
you know, like and and their web page they're putting

1067
00:58:07,360 --> 00:58:12,519
pictures of the species that grow in North America birds

1068
00:58:12,559 --> 00:58:13,639
that are from Africa.

1069
00:58:13,800 --> 00:58:17,119
Speaker 1: Man, it's crazy, classy, classy, fucking fuck.

1070
00:58:17,239 --> 00:58:19,679
Speaker 2: They just see that that's a business for them. It's

1071
00:58:19,760 --> 00:58:22,480
just a business opportunity, but they sell it us something.

1072
00:58:23,400 --> 00:58:27,360
Speaker 1: Yeah, they're tainted. They're tainted with the Yeah that's that's

1073
00:58:27,400 --> 00:58:31,719
so gross. Oh cup living your your dream forest and

1074
00:58:31,840 --> 00:58:33,719
we don't know anything about it. Yeah, it's just that,

1075
00:58:33,800 --> 00:58:36,360
it's that mentality, it's the disconnected. They need to be

1076
00:58:36,480 --> 00:58:40,400
dosed either with with LSD or with like having to

1077
00:58:40,480 --> 00:58:43,400
go live in these places and learn the plants.

1078
00:58:43,840 --> 00:58:44,039
Speaker 2: You know.

1079
00:58:44,119 --> 00:58:45,440
Speaker 1: That's what I would do if I had like a

1080
00:58:45,480 --> 00:58:47,559
boot camp, I could force people to go take some

1081
00:58:47,559 --> 00:58:50,880
of these fucking business assholes on a school bus and

1082
00:58:50,880 --> 00:58:53,239
and make them go to a camp where it's like,

1083
00:58:53,480 --> 00:58:56,199
you're forced to fucking learn the plants. I'm gonna drag

1084
00:58:56,239 --> 00:58:58,960
your ass up these hills. You know, we'll go on

1085
00:58:59,039 --> 00:59:01,639
how you're gonna learn all shit, You're gonna whatever. And

1086
00:59:01,679 --> 00:59:03,840
if you don't, you get bat you get beaten. You

1087
00:59:03,920 --> 00:59:08,079
just you know, you get lashes, like a forced bootcap

1088
00:59:08,159 --> 00:59:11,039
punishment a prison camp where you're forced to learn botany

1089
00:59:11,480 --> 00:59:14,480
and hike. And it's only it's reserved specifically for businessmen.

1090
00:59:15,719 --> 00:59:17,880
Speaker 2: That's a really great idea, that's.

1091
00:59:17,679 --> 00:59:20,159
Speaker 1: What you need. Yeah, okay, well let's talk about plans.

1092
00:59:20,159 --> 00:59:22,039
So well, well, actually, first off, I want to get

1093
00:59:22,079 --> 00:59:24,760
to the when you left Santiago and then we'll talk

1094
00:59:24,760 --> 00:59:27,000
about plans. So you were living in Santiago and it

1095
00:59:27,079 --> 00:59:29,480
just felt like hell, and then you kind of already

1096
00:59:29,480 --> 00:59:31,679
were turned onto this and then that's when you.

1097
00:59:31,639 --> 00:59:34,400
Speaker 2: I mean, santiagois it's not such a word city, but

1098
00:59:34,519 --> 00:59:36,599
it depends a lot, like where you live and where

1099
00:59:36,599 --> 00:59:39,840
you work, you know, because people live in like cool

1100
00:59:41,360 --> 00:59:44,599
places and they go to buy through work and they

1101
00:59:44,639 --> 00:59:46,519
go to the coffee shop, and I think that life

1102
00:59:47,199 --> 00:59:49,679
is kind of cool, you know. But there's also people

1103
00:59:49,719 --> 00:59:52,159
that live like two hours away from their work, you know,

1104
00:59:52,239 --> 00:59:55,920
and that's when life turns hell. And that life for

1105
00:59:56,039 --> 00:59:59,440
me was kind of like that, you know. So after

1106
00:59:59,760 --> 01:00:02,719
first my job as a designer was it was killing

1107
01:00:02,719 --> 01:00:03,639
me on the inside.

1108
01:00:03,679 --> 01:00:06,960
Speaker 3: I was working for big companies, you know, doing.

1109
01:00:06,800 --> 01:00:10,119
Speaker 2: Work for corporate assholes that treated us like shit, you know,

1110
01:00:11,079 --> 01:00:14,880
so slowly I was thinking like, how can I leave

1111
01:00:14,960 --> 01:00:17,079
this work and work in the forest, you know, like

1112
01:00:17,199 --> 01:00:21,920
work in a natural environment. So that's why I started

1113
01:00:21,960 --> 01:00:25,280
learning about these edible plants to to make a living

1114
01:00:25,320 --> 01:00:26,000
out of it, you know.

1115
01:00:26,239 --> 01:00:30,800
Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, yeah. I think Santiago is actually by American

1116
01:00:30,840 --> 01:00:35,800
city standards, like we can Americans do cities worst in Santiago.

1117
01:00:35,880 --> 01:00:38,920
Santiago wasn't that bad a lack of billboards alone. But

1118
01:00:39,000 --> 01:00:42,559
what did drive me nuts there was the car dependency.

1119
01:00:42,599 --> 01:00:45,599
It's like, it's so fucking polluted. Man, in Mexico City

1120
01:00:45,679 --> 01:00:48,519
is like that too. It's like so polluted, and everybody's

1121
01:00:48,599 --> 01:00:51,199
trying to drive and it's like, man, you live in

1122
01:00:51,280 --> 01:00:54,719
a fucking dope city. Like you can walk. You evolved

1123
01:00:54,760 --> 01:00:58,000
to walk, you got two legs, Like there's no reason

1124
01:00:58,079 --> 01:01:02,559
you need to drive everywhere. It's inane, Like you can walk. Yeah,

1125
01:01:02,639 --> 01:01:05,280
you know, Like that's that's the one of the best

1126
01:01:05,320 --> 01:01:08,639
things about cities like that that are older is that

1127
01:01:08,800 --> 01:01:11,679
you can walk around and and see things and it's

1128
01:01:11,760 --> 01:01:15,440
nice and you get exercise and to get to like actually,

1129
01:01:15,679 --> 01:01:18,280
you know, burn calories or get you know, spend energy.

1130
01:01:18,599 --> 01:01:20,360
You don't need to go to a gym and breathe

1131
01:01:20,360 --> 01:01:23,119
a off gassing plastic can listen to shitty techno and

1132
01:01:23,159 --> 01:01:26,119
hear the grunts of some meathead dropping it. You know,

1133
01:01:26,199 --> 01:01:30,880
weights every fucking you know, thirty seconds. You ever been

1134
01:01:30,920 --> 01:01:34,679
to a gym, So I try to avoid them now,

1135
01:01:34,679 --> 01:01:39,039
but I usually, oh god, it's so depressed.

1136
01:01:38,679 --> 01:01:42,360
Speaker 2: And exercise in the in the hill. Yeah. I think

1137
01:01:42,400 --> 01:01:45,159
Santiago is that you have a mix, you know, like

1138
01:01:44,599 --> 01:01:48,000
like little spots where it's cool, but most of this,

1139
01:01:48,519 --> 01:01:51,400
most of it, I think it's hell because we're getting

1140
01:01:51,440 --> 01:01:54,559
I mean we're American. I think you know, we're having

1141
01:01:54,719 --> 01:01:58,639
each time more cars, each time, more highways.

1142
01:01:58,679 --> 01:02:01,960
Speaker 3: And the thing that you said about pollution, it's big.

1143
01:02:02,000 --> 01:02:04,880
Speaker 2: You know, in Chile we have like most of the

1144
01:02:04,920 --> 01:02:09,239
most polluted cities in America because they're we're in a hole,

1145
01:02:09,320 --> 01:02:10,360
you know, like there's nowhere for.

1146
01:02:10,360 --> 01:02:13,679
Speaker 1: The Yeah, it's like the mountains are like a wall.

1147
01:02:13,880 --> 01:02:16,960
You're just it's like you're just poisoning yourself.

1148
01:02:18,119 --> 01:02:20,199
Speaker 2: I don't know if you saw it, but when you

1149
01:02:20,199 --> 01:02:23,440
you reach Santiago in by car from far you can

1150
01:02:23,480 --> 01:02:26,320
see like the mushroom clouds of smug you know.

1151
01:02:26,599 --> 01:02:28,519
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, yeah, it's Yeah.

1152
01:02:28,559 --> 01:02:30,400
Speaker 2: That was also a big reason for me to live

1153
01:02:30,400 --> 01:02:33,480
because I have like some respiratory issues, so that that

1154
01:02:33,639 --> 01:02:34,800
thing was killing me.

1155
01:02:34,920 --> 01:02:37,920
Speaker 1: Basically, Yeah, you're just smelling car you're just smelling like

1156
01:02:38,159 --> 01:02:40,320
exhaust the whole time. It's like sitting in a It's

1157
01:02:40,320 --> 01:02:43,239
like sitting in a garage and just running the car.

1158
01:02:43,440 --> 01:02:46,280
You know. It's like, which is how people kill themselves

1159
01:02:46,320 --> 01:02:48,280
sometimes too here. You know, I don't know if when

1160
01:02:48,320 --> 01:02:50,719
the last time I heard someone in the US commit

1161
01:02:50,840 --> 01:02:53,159
suicide with the old hose in the exhaust pipe. I

1162
01:02:53,159 --> 01:02:54,519
don't know, it's been a while, but that used to

1163
01:02:54,559 --> 01:02:56,559
be a popular way to check out, you know, in

1164
01:02:56,559 --> 01:02:58,840
the eighties and nineties, and it worked. It worked. I mean,

1165
01:02:58,840 --> 01:03:04,400
that's that parking smell. But anyway, so you go ahead.

1166
01:03:05,719 --> 01:03:07,800
Speaker 2: I think the crazy thing is that you get used

1167
01:03:07,800 --> 01:03:10,320
to it. Like right now I'm in my Alcore, like

1168
01:03:10,400 --> 01:03:14,000
where my girlfriend lives. That it's near Santiago. So yesterday

1169
01:03:14,000 --> 01:03:17,159
I was in the bus station. There was like fifty

1170
01:03:17,320 --> 01:03:21,280
buses with the engines on. And now that I'm used

1171
01:03:21,320 --> 01:03:24,800
to live in the forest, man, my brain was like melting,

1172
01:03:24,840 --> 01:03:27,559
you know. And I saw people around and they make

1173
01:03:27,639 --> 01:03:30,679
their lives like they think that it's normal. But you

1174
01:03:30,719 --> 01:03:35,360
can see their eye twitching. You know, it's not good.

1175
01:03:35,639 --> 01:03:37,880
Speaker 1: It's really it's really bad. I mean that ship is

1176
01:03:37,920 --> 01:03:40,320
really that's poison. You're breathing in poison air.

1177
01:03:42,079 --> 01:03:43,360
Speaker 2: Yeah, and the stressed.

1178
01:03:44,400 --> 01:03:47,480
Speaker 1: So tell me, but now you live in a really

1179
01:03:47,559 --> 01:03:50,719
nice area, and so let's talk about some of the plants.

1180
01:03:50,719 --> 01:03:53,360
They're like, you know, it's cool to see I really

1181
01:03:53,400 --> 01:03:55,840
wanted to see what it was underwhelming when I saw

1182
01:03:55,880 --> 01:03:58,920
it was Bokila trifolia, of the plant that's gotten so much,

1183
01:04:00,320 --> 01:04:03,920
so much press for being able to mimic other plants,

1184
01:04:03,960 --> 01:04:05,199
but we did not see that.

1185
01:04:06,719 --> 01:04:11,800
Speaker 2: Yeah. I actually I'm in my project of digitalizing leads.

1186
01:04:11,840 --> 01:04:15,079
I'm also every bokilla that I see growing on a

1187
01:04:15,119 --> 01:04:18,840
specific tree, I'm digitalizing it so I can so maybe

1188
01:04:18,880 --> 01:04:21,760
I can see a pattern. But like you, every time

1189
01:04:21,760 --> 01:04:25,119
I see a I don't see it. Like especially like

1190
01:04:25,599 --> 01:04:29,719
mimicking the plant where it's growing on the leaves are

1191
01:04:29,800 --> 01:04:34,000
some like it changes a lot from plant to plants,

1192
01:04:34,360 --> 01:04:37,199
but for me, it's not evident that the plant does this.

1193
01:04:37,360 --> 01:04:41,280
Speaker 1: You know, large dieselbilasi order with an alas yeah, and

1194
01:04:41,920 --> 01:04:46,280
large lard lard disabella. Yeah. What was any other genus

1195
01:04:46,400 --> 01:04:49,440
was lard disabella in there? Right? Yeah?

1196
01:04:49,880 --> 01:04:55,239
Speaker 2: Yeah, that one didn't copy the other plants.

1197
01:04:55,199 --> 01:04:58,559
Speaker 1: And they just got these tiny you know, like almost

1198
01:04:58,639 --> 01:05:03,639
as flowers, small flowers but uh, but it was still

1199
01:05:03,639 --> 01:05:05,599
cool to see. It was like, okay, well this is it.

1200
01:05:05,719 --> 01:05:12,239
And also nah, you know, but you know, not to

1201
01:05:12,239 --> 01:05:14,800
be not to be you know, not to be rude

1202
01:05:14,800 --> 01:05:16,880
to the plant or anything. I still appreciate it as

1203
01:05:16,960 --> 01:05:22,079
part of a living system. But but drymus winter I

1204
01:05:22,199 --> 01:05:24,559
you guys, there's all these Magnolias. You guys got all

1205
01:05:24,559 --> 01:05:29,559
these magnoliads down there, the four Magnoliad orders Canalalies, pipe Ales,

1206
01:05:29,840 --> 01:05:33,880
magnolia alis, and Loreles. Although like more basil angiosperms, and

1207
01:05:34,440 --> 01:05:37,840
it was cool to see. I mean these weird family

1208
01:05:37,920 --> 01:05:41,559
like monimiac I don't really I don't you know what

1209
01:05:42,639 --> 01:05:44,400
that's a that's a family we don't get that much

1210
01:05:44,400 --> 01:05:47,920
in North America. Athosperma tacy which I think was at

1211
01:05:47,960 --> 01:05:51,599
Loureliopsis or Lourelia I forget which one. But that's a

1212
01:05:51,639 --> 01:05:54,119
family that I saw in Tasmania. I mean all these

1213
01:05:54,159 --> 01:05:58,679
Southern hemisphere Magnoliad lineages, which also have members on the

1214
01:05:58,719 --> 01:06:02,599
other side of the globe in New Zealand or Tasmania.

1215
01:06:02,920 --> 01:06:04,719
Was really cool to see all those.

1216
01:06:06,840 --> 01:06:11,840
Speaker 2: I think it's for for us to see other people

1217
01:06:12,079 --> 01:06:17,360
like getting a kick out of our forest. It's I

1218
01:06:17,400 --> 01:06:20,719
mean for us that's the normal thing, you know.

1219
01:06:21,199 --> 01:06:21,360
Speaker 1: Yea.

1220
01:06:21,599 --> 01:06:24,280
Speaker 3: So it's very cool to see.

1221
01:06:24,119 --> 01:06:27,920
Speaker 2: You and Matt and when Nolan and Mia came that

1222
01:06:28,800 --> 01:06:32,880
you have like you have like a more world flora view,

1223
01:06:32,920 --> 01:06:35,800
you know. So I also wanted to ask you, like,

1224
01:06:37,000 --> 01:06:40,679
what do you think is so special about the Chilian flora, like,

1225
01:06:40,920 --> 01:06:43,119
because I know you guys like.

1226
01:06:46,360 --> 01:06:48,800
Speaker 3: The conifferst because here are.

1227
01:06:48,519 --> 01:06:51,320
Speaker 2: Like rare, you know, over there they're like the norm,

1228
01:06:51,400 --> 01:06:53,920
but here all the conifers are like kind of rare.

1229
01:06:54,440 --> 01:06:58,079
And also the violas Nolan was also crazy about, I

1230
01:06:58,119 --> 01:07:02,840
mean something about viola's the form that you like or.

1231
01:07:02,719 --> 01:07:04,960
Speaker 1: Well it's well with the alpine stuff. It's not just

1232
01:07:05,039 --> 01:07:09,440
the violas that do that rosolate rosette form. It's so much.

1233
01:07:09,480 --> 01:07:11,960
I mean, there's so many different families. You know, it's

1234
01:07:11,960 --> 01:07:18,000
a convergent trait. It's a convergent evolution among high alpine environments.

1235
01:07:18,480 --> 01:07:20,079
You know, you're staying out of the wind, You're staying

1236
01:07:20,119 --> 01:07:22,760
closer to the ground where it's warm where because it

1237
01:07:22,800 --> 01:07:27,320
gets chilly up there obviously, and you're also conserving moisture.

1238
01:07:27,360 --> 01:07:30,400
You're preventing the wind flow from getting in between those

1239
01:07:30,519 --> 01:07:32,679
leaves and the axis of the plant. You're basically like

1240
01:07:32,760 --> 01:07:36,920
becoming a little helmet, you know. But what the lower

1241
01:07:36,920 --> 01:07:40,239
elevation forest though, that I think is cool. You know

1242
01:07:40,280 --> 01:07:43,559
when you see like Lourelia sempervenance, which is at therospermatas,

1243
01:07:43,840 --> 01:07:48,079
or any of these weird magnolia lineages, or fuck the Lomosia,

1244
01:07:48,519 --> 01:07:51,960
I mean that is that's proteace. That's the other Lomosia.

1245
01:07:52,000 --> 01:07:55,960
The other Lomeosia grows in the other Lomesias grow in

1246
01:07:56,079 --> 01:08:00,320
Tasmania and Australia. I mean, these are these are plants

1247
01:08:00,360 --> 01:08:04,559
that have this innate connection to deep time and that

1248
01:08:04,639 --> 01:08:06,639
we're the whole time. I'm down there, I was like, man,

1249
01:08:06,639 --> 01:08:09,320
this ship was growing on Antarctica forty million years ago.

1250
01:08:09,760 --> 01:08:12,440
This is what was growing, like, there was a lursa

1251
01:08:12,559 --> 01:08:16,399
growing on Antarctica. Maybe the fossils haven't been found yet,

1252
01:08:16,399 --> 01:08:19,119
but it was there. It's on the know, there's fossils.

1253
01:08:19,119 --> 01:08:22,319
In Tasmania, there's fossils, I mean, and that's that's what

1254
01:08:22,359 --> 01:08:25,479
it feels like in parts of like western Tasmania. I

1255
01:08:25,479 --> 01:08:29,680
remember being on this like quartzitic white sand in Tasmania

1256
01:08:29,760 --> 01:08:32,680
on this mountain, you know, it's only like a thousand,

1257
01:08:32,760 --> 01:08:36,399
two thousand feet not even a thousand meters tall, and

1258
01:08:36,439 --> 01:08:39,760
being like man, this feels like fucking this is some

1259
01:08:39,840 --> 01:08:42,239
wild shit, like this is what and it was all

1260
01:08:42,279 --> 01:08:46,279
gray and and you're like, this is what Antarctica was

1261
01:08:46,279 --> 01:08:49,439
probably like during the Eocene. This is the same stuff,

1262
01:08:50,000 --> 01:08:52,239
The same lineage is the same. You know, they've got

1263
01:08:52,319 --> 01:08:57,800
Lagaro Struggles Franklinia over there, which is yeah, not though Vegas. Yeah,

1264
01:08:57,880 --> 01:09:00,720
same thing. I mean, there's like so many lineages that

1265
01:09:00,800 --> 01:09:05,880
are in Tasmania, dozens dozens of lineages that are in

1266
01:09:05,920 --> 01:09:09,640
Tasmania and also in South America and Chile and and

1267
01:09:09,720 --> 01:09:12,359
don't grow anywhere else. And it was it's so cool.

1268
01:09:12,439 --> 01:09:14,159
I mean, it's did you have there was a movie

1269
01:09:14,159 --> 01:09:19,399
that came out where they filmed it in uh? I

1270
01:09:19,399 --> 01:09:22,279
think it was in Patagonia. I forget it was Prometheus.

1271
01:09:22,319 --> 01:09:25,720
It was like part of the sci fi alien movies,

1272
01:09:25,800 --> 01:09:27,920
you know, like the you know that hr Giger.

1273
01:09:28,920 --> 01:09:32,920
Speaker 3: I didn't know they here. I saw it, like the Alien.

1274
01:09:34,359 --> 01:09:37,479
Speaker 1: Yeah, there's there's parts where I mean you could see

1275
01:09:37,520 --> 01:09:40,039
Alersay trees in the fucking yeah, where was it? Where

1276
01:09:40,159 --> 01:09:43,520
was you can see Alersay trees and that, and then

1277
01:09:43,560 --> 01:09:45,239
you know it's all gray and it looks like a

1278
01:09:45,319 --> 01:09:50,399
temperate rainforest. The yeah, it's it's wild, man.

1279
01:09:51,199 --> 01:09:55,479
Speaker 3: But forest is like a forest. That was it is

1280
01:09:55,600 --> 01:09:57,159
like past in time.

1281
01:09:57,479 --> 01:10:00,279
Speaker 1: Oh you know what, I'm wrong, I'm sorry, it's it

1282
01:10:00,359 --> 01:10:03,800
was filmed in Iceland, Scotland, England, Jordan, in Spain. What

1283
01:10:03,840 --> 01:10:06,520
the fuck do I know? But there were I feel

1284
01:10:06,560 --> 01:10:08,439
like there was a scene though where there was fucking

1285
01:10:08,520 --> 01:10:12,119
huge allerses. I don't know either way, but it's got

1286
01:10:12,119 --> 01:10:14,239
that I mean still high latitude. It's just the other

1287
01:10:14,279 --> 01:10:18,840
side of the globe, but these high latitude environments and

1288
01:10:18,880 --> 01:10:20,640
I think, you know, for me, that was the coolest

1289
01:10:20,640 --> 01:10:23,520
part being at Chile was seeing these these plants that

1290
01:10:23,600 --> 01:10:26,319
I know, you know, I've seen on the other side

1291
01:10:26,359 --> 01:10:29,239
of the world, and that they are relictive when all

1292
01:10:29,239 --> 01:10:32,720
those continents were together fifty million years ago, you know,

1293
01:10:32,760 --> 01:10:34,840
because count the tectonic plates move at the rate that

1294
01:10:34,840 --> 01:10:37,800
your fingernails grow. And it's like, man, this is I

1295
01:10:37,840 --> 01:10:41,119
mean to think that like Antarctica had forests on it once.

1296
01:10:41,159 --> 01:10:43,840
It's crazy. It's so nuts, you know.

1297
01:10:43,920 --> 01:10:49,199
Speaker 2: Yeah, I think not many people know this the specific data.

1298
01:10:49,239 --> 01:10:52,960
So I also think it's very interesting and they're always

1299
01:10:52,960 --> 01:10:56,640
finding like not the fact with fu yeah.

1300
01:10:56,399 --> 01:10:58,840
Speaker 1: And yeah, and the reason that it that it froze

1301
01:10:58,880 --> 01:11:01,840
over was basically once the contents moved far enough away

1302
01:11:02,439 --> 01:11:05,239
the ocean currents around it, you know, because oceans are

1303
01:11:05,279 --> 01:11:08,039
like the heat transport mechanisms. You get a warm ocean

1304
01:11:08,119 --> 01:11:10,760
current that's going to change the climate on the continent.

1305
01:11:11,239 --> 01:11:13,720
Once it was cut off from those warm ocean currents,

1306
01:11:13,720 --> 01:11:15,840
then then it fully froze over, and then we just

1307
01:11:15,960 --> 01:11:19,880
entered the glaciation in general, global cooling in general. But uh,

1308
01:11:20,439 --> 01:11:22,399
you know, play tectonics are part of the reason why

1309
01:11:22,399 --> 01:11:24,960
Antarctica froze over, and they're also the reason why there's

1310
01:11:25,000 --> 01:11:28,880
these disparate you know, these disjunctions, you know, southern Chile

1311
01:11:29,039 --> 01:11:33,000
and Tasmania and New Zealand and eastern southeastern Australia. So cool,

1312
01:11:33,560 --> 01:11:34,319
so cool. Yeah.

1313
01:11:34,359 --> 01:11:37,279
Speaker 2: Actually, I've read I've read many papers on the notaphous

1314
01:11:37,279 --> 01:11:40,800
and they say they enough houls developed on Antarctica and

1315
01:11:40,840 --> 01:11:46,680
it started irradiating like through the centuries to Chile.

1316
01:11:47,720 --> 01:11:50,880
Speaker 3: Well, first like the Mediterranean.

1317
01:11:50,199 --> 01:11:54,720
Speaker 2: Ones were the biggest leaves were the one to come first.

1318
01:11:55,079 --> 01:11:55,319
Speaker 1: Yeah.

1319
01:11:55,479 --> 01:11:59,199
Speaker 2: And lastly, like the Dombeyi and these ones they need

1320
01:11:59,279 --> 01:12:02,520
more cold or I don't know, Antarctica.

1321
01:12:03,840 --> 01:12:07,880
Speaker 1: What was that? Because you love the the not of Vegas,

1322
01:12:07,920 --> 01:12:11,279
which is fucking I mean that's huge. How many species

1323
01:12:11,319 --> 01:12:15,960
not of Vegas you got down there where I live? Well,

1324
01:12:16,079 --> 01:12:18,319
where you living? Then further south, like what did you

1325
01:12:18,359 --> 01:12:21,000
see on chilaway? What are some of the dominants?

1326
01:12:21,279 --> 01:12:26,119
Speaker 2: The Yeah, Chile, the dominant is not a fab but

1327
01:12:26,279 --> 01:12:31,119
over if you go south, the biodiversity starts getting less,

1328
01:12:31,199 --> 01:12:34,159
you know, like where we were in San Faandlico and

1329
01:12:34,279 --> 01:12:37,720
especially the Maule region is the hot spot for biodiversities.

1330
01:12:37,760 --> 01:12:39,520
Speaker 3: In Maula they have eight species.

1331
01:12:41,079 --> 01:12:45,760
Speaker 1: What was to me so like around you because I

1332
01:12:45,760 --> 01:12:47,720
remember you were you were we were walking with you, man,

1333
01:12:47,760 --> 01:12:49,359
you were listening. You were like popping off not a

1334
01:12:49,399 --> 01:12:52,159
Vegas species like nothing like that's not a Vegas blah

1335
01:12:52,199 --> 01:12:54,399
blah blah, that's not a Vegas in this And I

1336
01:12:54,520 --> 01:12:57,000
was like, holy shit, I can't keep up. And these

1337
01:12:57,039 --> 01:12:59,880
these are like massively important trees. I mean they're scaffolding

1338
01:13:00,039 --> 01:13:03,359
for a host of microorganisms in the soil. They associate

1339
01:13:03,399 --> 01:13:07,039
with that Sitaria fungus, which is that cool edible you

1340
01:13:07,079 --> 01:13:10,760
know orange fungus, which is that doesn't come out till winter, right.

1341
01:13:12,119 --> 01:13:14,079
Speaker 3: No citarias come out in spring.

1342
01:13:14,479 --> 01:13:16,479
Speaker 1: Oh shit, and they formed alls.

1343
01:13:16,720 --> 01:13:20,039
Speaker 3: I think you saw one hard one with matt in

1344
01:13:20,079 --> 01:13:20,640
the ground.

1345
01:13:20,479 --> 01:13:22,920
Speaker 1: Right, yeah. Yeah, but I mean I first saw them

1346
01:13:22,920 --> 01:13:25,359
in Tasmania and then in New Zealand. They're everywhere. I mean,

1347
01:13:25,399 --> 01:13:27,880
you can you know. They're edible. They kind of taste

1348
01:13:27,920 --> 01:13:30,920
like mildly like apricots, but better than that, the kind

1349
01:13:30,960 --> 01:13:32,199
of flavors.

1350
01:13:32,840 --> 01:13:35,239
Speaker 2: Not that facus is so important in Chile because they

1351
01:13:35,680 --> 01:13:38,600
like dominate like fifty percent of all the forests, you know,

1352
01:13:38,720 --> 01:13:43,399
and you have different they dominate, each specieses dominant, and

1353
01:13:43,560 --> 01:13:45,840
some of them in Patagonia.

1354
01:13:45,199 --> 01:13:51,159
Speaker 3: Are like pure forests. So yeah, it's really important.

1355
01:13:51,359 --> 01:13:55,119
Speaker 2: And also the thing you were telling about the mushrooms,

1356
01:13:55,159 --> 01:13:58,880
like some of the coolest for example, edible mushrooms are

1357
01:13:59,000 --> 01:14:02,640
associated with nota fouls Yeah.

1358
01:14:02,439 --> 01:14:04,720
Speaker 1: Yeah, because they're i mean, they're related to oaks or

1359
01:14:04,760 --> 01:14:05,880
in the order for gaillies.

1360
01:14:05,880 --> 01:14:10,279
Speaker 2: But we saw in the Spanish the word for like

1361
01:14:10,439 --> 01:14:13,239
not a fhaus obliqua it's oak, you know, like the

1362
01:14:13,359 --> 01:14:15,600
Spaniards saw it and they said, oh, this is like

1363
01:14:15,640 --> 01:14:20,119
the biggest and most dominant tree. It's an oak, you know.

1364
01:14:20,159 --> 01:14:24,680
Speaker 1: What is it Robla or encino or what? Yeah, yeah,

1365
01:14:24,760 --> 01:14:27,920
there are We saw a dambie. I I mean, I'm

1366
01:14:27,920 --> 01:14:30,000
pretty sure it was a dambia. The leaves were like

1367
01:14:30,000 --> 01:14:32,720
one hundred feet above the ground, you know, thirty meters

1368
01:14:32,760 --> 01:14:36,239
of the ground. But it was fucking massive in Conillo.

1369
01:14:36,560 --> 01:14:40,800
And then there was Alpina and Pumilio. Pumilio is one

1370
01:14:40,800 --> 01:14:44,840
of my favorites. Antarctica and nited A.

1371
01:14:45,239 --> 01:14:46,960
Speaker 2: What was that they leave?

1372
01:14:47,119 --> 01:14:49,439
Speaker 3: It's beautiful. It's like a little cloud.

1373
01:14:49,720 --> 01:14:52,800
Speaker 1: You get you get the dambie around you, right, But

1374
01:14:52,880 --> 01:14:56,279
that's like the Northern Enche, northern edge of the range.

1375
01:14:56,439 --> 01:14:57,399
Speaker 3: I don't know if you remember.

1376
01:14:57,439 --> 01:15:00,800
Speaker 2: The biggest trees we saw in San Fabian are actually

1377
01:15:00,920 --> 01:15:03,600
DOMBEYI is the biggest tree we have in Chile after

1378
01:15:03,800 --> 01:15:09,199
the Yeah, man, it grows huge. Actually, in Congill it's

1379
01:15:09,239 --> 01:15:12,239
full of like really huge dombeys.

1380
01:15:12,520 --> 01:15:16,720
Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, yeah, we saw one. It was so it

1381
01:15:16,760 --> 01:15:18,720
was so cool to see. I was like, man, how

1382
01:15:18,800 --> 01:15:21,680
the fuck how old is this? How fast did they grow?

1383
01:15:21,840 --> 01:15:24,800
Are they like medium? Right? Not very fast? Not very slower?

1384
01:15:24,960 --> 01:15:28,319
Speaker 2: Yeah, media, Actually at first they grow relatively fast and

1385
01:15:28,439 --> 01:15:32,279
they start pacing. But some of these trees are six hundred,

1386
01:15:32,439 --> 01:15:35,119
seven hundred years old. So cool to see them and

1387
01:15:35,199 --> 01:15:39,479
think that they have seen all the story of Chile

1388
01:15:39,640 --> 01:15:43,039
and they've been saved, you know, because here there's such

1389
01:15:43,039 --> 01:15:46,039
a long history of the forestation and selling.

1390
01:15:45,840 --> 01:15:47,319
Speaker 3: Wood to all the world.

1391
01:15:47,840 --> 01:15:50,600
Speaker 2: Yeah, to see a big one, it's like, man, this

1392
01:15:50,760 --> 01:15:51,359
God's saved.

1393
01:15:51,520 --> 01:15:54,319
Speaker 1: You know. Did you say they can live? How old?

1394
01:15:54,359 --> 01:15:56,600
Fifteen hundred no?

1395
01:15:56,600 --> 01:16:02,319
Speaker 2: No? No? Seven seven zero zero? I think seven yeah, yeah,

1396
01:16:02,479 --> 01:16:04,399
a little bit less than one thousand.

1397
01:16:04,199 --> 01:16:07,680
Speaker 1: Years can reach Yeah, okay, yeah, that makes because they.

1398
01:16:07,520 --> 01:16:11,439
Speaker 2: Start they just at some point they always grow by

1399
01:16:11,479 --> 01:16:14,000
the water, the die off or they fall.

1400
01:16:14,199 --> 01:16:18,239
Speaker 1: I don't know the SKA I want to. I'm trying

1401
01:16:18,239 --> 01:16:20,880
to get someone about on the podcast talking about Chisca

1402
01:16:20,960 --> 01:16:24,399
that that was seeing that down there as wild because

1403
01:16:24,399 --> 01:16:26,439
it's so dominant the further south you go. I mean

1404
01:16:26,439 --> 01:16:29,359
like in Congeo, it's like the whole understory. I don't

1405
01:16:29,359 --> 01:16:32,880
know if it was just keay aquila or uh cool

1406
01:16:32,960 --> 01:16:36,159
you or how how you pronounced that, but I mean,

1407
01:16:36,359 --> 01:16:38,079
you know it's just sk is one of those genero

1408
01:16:38,279 --> 01:16:40,359
like oh it's a scale which species, I don't know,

1409
01:16:40,359 --> 01:16:43,319
it's scae just it's just your scale what it's like.

1410
01:16:43,600 --> 01:16:44,479
But there's still I.

1411
01:16:44,520 --> 01:16:47,279
Speaker 3: Mean the big one, the Kullo.

1412
01:16:47,640 --> 01:16:50,000
Speaker 2: That one you can tell because it's the thickest one,

1413
01:16:50,039 --> 01:16:53,159
you know, Yeah, that one is easy to to know,

1414
01:16:53,560 --> 01:16:55,039
but all the small ones.

1415
01:16:55,600 --> 01:16:55,800
Speaker 3: Man.

1416
01:16:56,279 --> 01:17:00,520
Speaker 2: Actually there's a paper and argentinan guy that made are

1417
01:17:00,520 --> 01:17:01,279
a woman or no.

1418
01:17:02,199 --> 01:17:04,800
Speaker 3: They made the taxonomy and they are confused.

1419
01:17:04,840 --> 01:17:05,039
Speaker 1: You know.

1420
01:17:05,199 --> 01:17:11,359
Speaker 2: They need more studies to know when which piecies which.

1421
01:17:11,399 --> 01:17:16,439
Actually in Chile here it's difficult because they they flower

1422
01:17:16,720 --> 01:17:20,560
like its ten years, fifteen years, so you see the

1423
01:17:20,640 --> 01:17:22,960
too sky flowers. It's hard, you know.

1424
01:17:23,159 --> 01:17:25,359
Speaker 1: I didn't see any flower match that you sawone with

1425
01:17:25,439 --> 01:17:27,720
a with an inflorescence sound, and I didn't see any.

1426
01:17:27,840 --> 01:17:31,640
My friend Nico sent me the key to the genus

1427
01:17:31,720 --> 01:17:35,880
and I was like, yeah, I don't. It's like the keys.

1428
01:17:35,960 --> 01:17:41,119
It's you know, right, like the characters may or may

1429
01:17:41,159 --> 01:17:43,399
not be present when you're viewing, you know, when you're

1430
01:17:43,399 --> 01:17:44,119
seeing this thing.

1431
01:17:45,680 --> 01:17:49,039
Speaker 2: But ecologically, to sky is very interesting because when there's

1432
01:17:49,079 --> 01:17:52,600
a fire, to sky is like the first one to appear,

1433
01:17:52,640 --> 01:17:56,800
you know, and it could last some years, like a

1434
01:17:56,840 --> 01:18:00,199
whole section of a hill can be covered and to

1435
01:18:00,319 --> 01:18:04,359
ska until the soil is healed to get the trees again.

1436
01:18:04,399 --> 01:18:09,720
You know, it's h And also they they they flower

1437
01:18:09,840 --> 01:18:13,359
all at the same time, like one species in one vallet.

1438
01:18:13,520 --> 01:18:15,399
It will flower all at the same time.

1439
01:18:15,800 --> 01:18:16,920
Speaker 1: That's that's wild.

1440
01:18:17,279 --> 01:18:17,880
Speaker 2: That's crazy.

1441
01:18:17,920 --> 01:18:19,880
Speaker 3: You know, they die off all at the same time.

1442
01:18:20,000 --> 01:18:25,039
Speaker 2: So it's crazy to see that the landscapes changed a lot,

1443
01:18:25,199 --> 01:18:25,439
you know.

1444
01:18:25,800 --> 01:18:28,479
Speaker 1: Yeah, and how do they signal to each other? You know,

1445
01:18:28,720 --> 01:18:32,239
what what queues are they really like that that triggers

1446
01:18:32,720 --> 01:18:35,840
every individual to flower at the same time. But there

1447
01:18:35,840 --> 01:18:38,000
are pioneer species basically.

1448
01:18:38,800 --> 01:18:40,279
Speaker 2: Yeah, they're pioneers. Yeah.

1449
01:18:40,359 --> 01:18:44,319
Speaker 1: There were some cool spots we saw, well, I forget

1450
01:18:44,319 --> 01:18:47,720
where it was we were. It was a higher elevation spot.

1451
01:18:47,760 --> 01:18:49,359
We were at like seven thousand feet and there was

1452
01:18:49,479 --> 01:18:52,359
just sca up there forming but it was forming these

1453
01:18:52,359 --> 01:18:56,640
little patches. And then it was surrounded by Dyscaria, which

1454
01:18:56,680 --> 01:18:58,479
is uh, what is that ramnacy?

1455
01:19:00,560 --> 01:19:04,880
Speaker 2: Yes, yeah, yeah, very pointy spiny planets.

1456
01:19:05,199 --> 01:19:08,600
Speaker 1: Yeah, a lot of ramnassy up there. But but god,

1457
01:19:08,640 --> 01:19:10,199
it was it was wild to see it. I was like, man,

1458
01:19:10,199 --> 01:19:12,680
this is like an alpine bamboo. This is that's forming

1459
01:19:12,760 --> 01:19:15,399
these little colonies on like what is an otherwise kind

1460
01:19:15,399 --> 01:19:19,960
of barren slope near these geothermal areas, near this hot spring.

1461
01:19:20,119 --> 01:19:24,119
Speaker 2: It was in Tasmania and those places you don't get

1462
01:19:24,159 --> 01:19:24,840
to scap.

1463
01:19:25,800 --> 01:19:29,800
Speaker 1: Uh no, no, there's you get that. In Tasmania you

1464
01:19:29,840 --> 01:19:32,960
get a dominant One of the most dominant species is

1465
01:19:33,000 --> 01:19:38,239
a sedge called uh oh god, spherrocephale. It's it's cyperasi.

1466
01:19:38,319 --> 01:19:40,680
It's forget the name. I'd have to look it up,

1467
01:19:41,079 --> 01:19:44,960
but but it's everywhere, and it's it's called like button

1468
01:19:45,039 --> 01:19:48,159
sedge or something. I forget the I forget the name,

1469
01:19:48,239 --> 01:19:50,600
but uh but it's everywhere and it forms these peat

1470
01:19:50,720 --> 01:19:52,880
It's got really thick roots. And if the roots form

1471
01:19:52,960 --> 01:19:58,720
like this peat like material, let me see what was it? Yeah, Jim, no,

1472
01:19:58,840 --> 01:20:04,199
sheenas spirocephale. This is like the dominant gramminoid in Tasmania.

1473
01:20:04,840 --> 01:20:07,520
Speaker 2: So this was something you haven't seen before in other

1474
01:20:07,600 --> 01:20:10,319
places uses the space.

1475
01:20:10,640 --> 01:20:12,840
Speaker 1: No, I mean I've seen SKA. I've encountered it in

1476
01:20:12,880 --> 01:20:16,880
Brazil it like, you know, more music montane environments, but

1477
01:20:16,920 --> 01:20:17,479
I've never.

1478
01:20:17,680 --> 01:20:19,720
Speaker 3: Or other or other bamboo species.

1479
01:20:20,680 --> 01:20:24,319
Speaker 2: That's my question, Like you see like other species behaving

1480
01:20:24,399 --> 01:20:26,359
this way or do you think it's like kind of

1481
01:20:26,479 --> 01:20:27,760
unique to these places.

1482
01:20:27,880 --> 01:20:30,119
Speaker 1: I don't know enough about bamboos. There's a name we

1483
01:20:30,159 --> 01:20:34,159
get to ruinin area Gigantia, which is a bamboo in

1484
01:20:34,159 --> 01:20:39,920
in uh North America. But but I think that's it.

1485
01:20:40,000 --> 01:20:42,399
I think that's the only one. They call it giant kane.

1486
01:20:42,600 --> 01:20:47,640
It's like it's very it's common among like like on rivers.

1487
01:20:47,680 --> 01:20:52,439
It's like more of like a riparian plant. But yeah,

1488
01:20:52,640 --> 01:20:54,920
there's a couple other run also here.

1489
01:20:54,800 --> 01:20:58,800
Speaker 2: To I mean here culturally to ski is also so important.

1490
01:20:59,279 --> 01:21:01,680
We were talking about this in is such a good

1491
01:21:02,239 --> 01:21:03,359
construction material.

1492
01:21:04,039 --> 01:21:07,960
Speaker 1: It is. Yeah, it's I mean, it's the fuck. I

1493
01:21:07,960 --> 01:21:10,680
bet they were, like, I bet some species were used

1494
01:21:10,680 --> 01:21:12,920
as zeros. I mean obviously back in the day.

1495
01:21:13,079 --> 01:21:15,239
Speaker 2: No, no, I hear it was a spear, you know,

1496
01:21:15,319 --> 01:21:18,520
the use of spears and yeah, a lot of Spaniards

1497
01:21:18,560 --> 01:21:25,960
heads were put on these two gas and and show

1498
01:21:26,000 --> 01:21:27,479
it around the villages, you know.

1499
01:21:27,840 --> 01:21:33,399
Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, what was the The Mapuche were the dominant

1500
01:21:33,720 --> 01:21:36,439
tribe down there right in like south of something.

1501
01:21:38,720 --> 01:21:45,359
Speaker 2: There's like nowadays they like get all together and say Mapuche.

1502
01:21:45,720 --> 01:21:48,680
In the old days, there was like the Waches and

1503
01:21:49,960 --> 01:21:52,880
in the north, and Mapuchas were more like in the south,

1504
01:21:53,039 --> 01:21:54,840
especially in the Aracania region.

1505
01:21:55,479 --> 01:21:58,640
Speaker 3: And actually they have like the record.

1506
01:21:58,359 --> 01:22:05,680
Speaker 2: Of hanging on to the colonization, for they weren't weren't

1507
01:22:05,760 --> 01:22:12,520
like totally colonized until like two thousands, I mean two hundred,

1508
01:22:12,720 --> 01:22:14,119
two hundred and fifty years ago.

1509
01:22:14,239 --> 01:22:14,439
Speaker 3: You know.

1510
01:22:14,920 --> 01:22:18,039
Speaker 2: They stayed in Araucania and it was their place, you know,

1511
01:22:18,760 --> 01:22:23,600
until Chile appeared. And then the Chileans entered with great

1512
01:22:23,760 --> 01:22:30,359
force and horrible ways. But they hanged very long because

1513
01:22:30,359 --> 01:22:33,680
they were five sty people, you know, they and they

1514
01:22:33,720 --> 01:22:35,199
wanted to defend their land.

1515
01:22:35,279 --> 01:22:35,479
Speaker 3: You know.

1516
01:22:35,600 --> 01:22:41,720
Speaker 2: The Arabcarias were very important to them, especially because they

1517
01:22:41,920 --> 01:22:48,920
ate you know, the pinions, the seed. So yeah, I mean,

1518
01:22:49,000 --> 01:22:53,119
but nowadays in south central Chilla, like the Maputas are

1519
01:22:53,159 --> 01:22:57,079
seen like the most important culture and they they're still

1520
01:22:57,279 --> 01:23:01,920
hanging on, you know, but they're also like they were

1521
01:23:02,000 --> 01:23:06,000
left with the worst spots, you know, like the nicest

1522
01:23:06,279 --> 01:23:09,760
places are now like Pertavarda's places like this, you know,

1523
01:23:09,880 --> 01:23:15,039
like near the lagoons like which people live, but they

1524
01:23:15,199 --> 01:23:19,000
were like taking them out of the nice places step

1525
01:23:19,000 --> 01:23:21,880
by step. Now a lot of them live like near

1526
01:23:21,960 --> 01:23:24,520
the plantations, you know, in awful places.

1527
01:23:24,680 --> 01:23:28,680
Speaker 1: We went to the museum, that pre Columbian museum in Santiago.

1528
01:23:28,720 --> 01:23:30,600
That was pretty dop. There was some cool shitting there.

1529
01:23:31,840 --> 01:23:35,600
That's a good one where there. Do you know where

1530
01:23:35,600 --> 01:23:38,680
their era carriers in the in the valley between naw

1531
01:23:38,680 --> 01:23:40,159
A Buddha and Congio.

1532
01:23:41,760 --> 01:23:47,239
Speaker 2: I think I searched this, but I think, I mean,

1533
01:23:48,279 --> 01:23:51,479
I think not in the central valley. But Akaria did

1534
01:23:51,640 --> 01:23:55,439
grow a lot, because you see Aurcaria now and you say, oh,

1535
01:23:55,479 --> 01:23:59,079
this is a high attitude three, you know, but it

1536
01:23:59,199 --> 01:24:02,920
grows some one hundred meters lower, you know. But I

1537
01:24:02,960 --> 01:24:05,479
don't think it reached the central valley, you know. But

1538
01:24:06,319 --> 01:24:12,079
nowadays it's like it's it's uh, it's what's left, you know. Yeah,

1539
01:24:12,119 --> 01:24:15,159
because it's crazy. All the Aracaia trees you see, they're

1540
01:24:15,199 --> 01:24:18,479
really old. So it it's crazy to see so much

1541
01:24:18,520 --> 01:24:22,960
old growth forest inca like all around you in those

1542
01:24:23,000 --> 01:24:23,880
highest places.

1543
01:24:23,920 --> 01:24:29,159
Speaker 1: Massive they were saved and covered in that that usnia.

1544
01:24:29,239 --> 01:24:32,880
That liking is like, that's like the cherry on top

1545
01:24:32,920 --> 01:24:36,279
of the sunday Man. That's the most incredible. It makes everything.

1546
01:24:36,279 --> 01:24:39,039
Speaker 2: It's like creepy, but in a good way.

1547
01:24:39,279 --> 01:24:41,680
Speaker 1: I love it. Oh, it's psychedelic. It makes the whole

1548
01:24:42,039 --> 01:24:44,720
like landscape in front of you just look wild.

1549
01:24:45,239 --> 01:24:48,640
Speaker 2: Just moved with the wind. Yeah, it's so beautiful enough

1550
01:24:48,880 --> 01:24:52,119
for us, I mean until it is so like iconic,

1551
01:24:52,239 --> 01:24:54,720
you know, like it's like one of the most iconic

1552
01:24:54,720 --> 01:24:59,960
trees and it's part of the culture nowadays, like people,

1553
01:25:00,000 --> 01:25:00,840
I love it.

1554
01:25:01,079 --> 01:25:03,760
Speaker 1: I didn't know it was fire adapted too. Supposedly it's

1555
01:25:03,760 --> 01:25:07,600
fire adapted. It's got that thick bark. Yeah, yeah, I

1556
01:25:07,680 --> 01:25:09,760
mean that's what it's what niko It said, there's like

1557
01:25:09,760 --> 01:25:12,119
a history of fire. I thought that thick bark was

1558
01:25:13,800 --> 01:25:17,039
more of a you know for cold, but I guess

1559
01:25:17,079 --> 01:25:20,439
there's history of fire. But the bark, those plates and

1560
01:25:20,479 --> 01:25:23,119
they look like the plastrons on the shell of a

1561
01:25:23,159 --> 01:25:25,199
tortoise or something. Those plates on the bark.

1562
01:25:25,039 --> 01:25:27,600
Speaker 3: Look like it's like a complete dinosaur.

1563
01:25:27,720 --> 01:25:30,600
Speaker 1: Yeah. I mean some of them are like some are

1564
01:25:30,640 --> 01:25:35,319
like ten centimeters thick. It's so it's crazy, man, It's

1565
01:25:35,399 --> 01:25:38,319
it's a really thick bark.

1566
01:25:38,439 --> 01:25:41,279
Speaker 2: But you went to Gongiyo, you saw the like the

1567
01:25:41,640 --> 01:25:45,680
really huge one yeah.

1568
01:25:44,359 --> 01:25:47,279
Speaker 1: Yeah, a millenario yeah. And there's one in uh now

1569
01:25:47,319 --> 01:25:50,520
a Buddha. Two. There's a couple of really huge ones

1570
01:25:50,520 --> 01:25:54,439
in now a Buddha that are just I mean, you

1571
01:25:54,479 --> 01:25:56,720
can't like it's one of those places you go to

1572
01:25:56,800 --> 01:25:59,439
and if you're if you're not a jadrul, you stand

1573
01:25:59,439 --> 01:26:01,239
at the base of thing. You just stare at it

1574
01:26:01,279 --> 01:26:03,239
for like ten minutes. You're like, man, what the fuck?

1575
01:26:04,000 --> 01:26:06,520
What is what is this living thing in front of me?

1576
01:26:06,600 --> 01:26:11,039
This is insane. This is a fucking dinosaur. This tree

1577
01:26:11,079 --> 01:26:11,880
is a dinosaur.

1578
01:26:13,039 --> 01:26:15,880
Speaker 2: I mean, I've heard a lot of stories of Chilean

1579
01:26:15,960 --> 01:26:18,920
people when they go abroad and they are taken to forests,

1580
01:26:19,000 --> 01:26:23,279
they say, what this is it? Expecting so much more?

1581
01:26:23,640 --> 01:26:28,000
Speaker 1: Yeah? Yeah, the Allerses, I mean you lived on Chilaway.

1582
01:26:28,119 --> 01:26:32,159
The Alersas are mostly gone on ChIL Away. Huh yeah.

1583
01:26:32,239 --> 01:26:35,640
Speaker 2: You there. To get to them, you have to put

1584
01:26:35,680 --> 01:26:38,520
boots and walk some days in the mud. It's great.

1585
01:26:38,600 --> 01:26:41,319
I didn't win there. You know. I go with the

1586
01:26:41,359 --> 01:26:44,640
guide because it's so easy to get lost. There's no

1587
01:26:44,960 --> 01:26:47,800
real trails, you know, you have to go like opening

1588
01:26:47,920 --> 01:26:52,199
the forest, but you can from the highway in the

1589
01:26:52,199 --> 01:26:56,960
lowlands you can see and the altitude, you can see

1590
01:26:57,000 --> 01:27:00,680
all the alert trunks that were burned, you know, because

1591
01:27:03,359 --> 01:27:06,039
before when they wanted to cut a forest first, they

1592
01:27:06,159 --> 01:27:06,680
burned it.

1593
01:27:06,760 --> 01:27:09,239
Speaker 1: You know, yeah, yeah, you saw me and they saw me.

1594
01:27:09,279 --> 01:27:11,239
That thing about the Germans, right, that was it was

1595
01:27:11,319 --> 01:27:12,960
German and it was it was that what it was

1596
01:27:13,319 --> 01:27:16,359
German immigrants burning a lursay for because you when we

1597
01:27:16,359 --> 01:27:17,560
were some smart I mean.

1598
01:27:17,520 --> 01:27:21,640
Speaker 2: That was two things, like the government started to bring

1599
01:27:21,840 --> 01:27:26,279
Germans but also the government itself to open the land.

1600
01:27:27,760 --> 01:27:30,760
They were Yeah, I guess some Germans also did this.

1601
01:27:30,960 --> 01:27:32,800
They were just burning it, you know, because at that

1602
01:27:32,920 --> 01:27:36,039
time that saw it, they saw it as something infinite,

1603
01:27:36,720 --> 01:27:40,600
kind of infinite would so they just burned that. They

1604
01:27:40,640 --> 01:27:46,840
didn't see any purpose to leave the forest besides doing cattling,

1605
01:27:47,039 --> 01:27:51,520
you know, and some agriculture. So these fires, some of

1606
01:27:51,560 --> 01:27:52,880
them lasted for months.

1607
01:27:52,920 --> 01:27:55,319
Speaker 1: You know. I didn't mean to single out the Germans.

1608
01:27:55,560 --> 01:27:58,159
That was you know, that was unfair of me. They

1609
01:27:58,199 --> 01:28:00,000
get it a lot. You know, a lot of people

1610
01:28:00,279 --> 01:28:04,399
have no problems sometimes with the Germans, but I don't.

1611
01:28:04,680 --> 01:28:07,479
I just want to put that out there. But the uh,

1612
01:28:08,319 --> 01:28:11,640
the because you said you sent me those foot I

1613
01:28:11,680 --> 01:28:12,960
still didn't look at them yet because I was in

1614
01:28:12,960 --> 01:28:14,720
the middle of doing all this shit and running around.

1615
01:28:15,000 --> 01:28:17,119
But it was about the fires that were set because

1616
01:28:17,560 --> 01:28:20,239
I remember we were at we were at a lerce

1617
01:28:20,359 --> 01:28:22,760
costero and we were on a hillside and there was

1618
01:28:22,800 --> 01:28:25,439
pilgeriodendron growing there too, not a hillside like the top

1619
01:28:25,479 --> 01:28:27,399
of a hill that was really boggy. It was really

1620
01:28:27,399 --> 01:28:32,119
bizarre beautiful. There was pinguicula there, there was pilgerodendron and

1621
01:28:32,119 --> 01:28:34,640
a lers growing together. The pilgerodendron didn't get taller than

1622
01:28:34,680 --> 01:28:37,199
like two meters. And then we were in another spot

1623
01:28:37,199 --> 01:28:39,520
where it was a bog where the pilgerodendron was like

1624
01:28:39,600 --> 01:28:43,199
forty feet tall, you know, like twelve fifteen meters. It

1625
01:28:43,239 --> 01:28:46,760
was large, but it was growing in a depression like

1626
01:28:46,840 --> 01:28:48,760
in a bog you could tell it stayed wet. But

1627
01:28:49,560 --> 01:28:52,840
in this boggy hilltop it wasn't getting that tall. But

1628
01:28:52,880 --> 01:28:54,800
the alerse got kind of tall, and then you would

1629
01:28:54,800 --> 01:28:58,800
look out across this valley and there was just tons

1630
01:28:58,840 --> 01:29:02,159
of dead gray lers, trunks.

1631
01:29:02,359 --> 01:29:05,319
Speaker 2: Most probably most probably were the fires.

1632
01:29:05,600 --> 01:29:09,479
Speaker 1: That's grist. So I'm so confused about the ecology of

1633
01:29:09,520 --> 01:29:13,000
the Alertsa ecosystem because alersa are not shade talerant like

1634
01:29:13,079 --> 01:29:15,960
redwoods are, but they need a lot of water at

1635
01:29:15,960 --> 01:29:20,039
the same time, so they're growing in like like really

1636
01:29:20,119 --> 01:29:23,279
boggy areas where it's wet, but it's nutrient poorest so

1637
01:29:23,319 --> 01:29:27,279
they don't get smothered and shaded out or what. Yeah.

1638
01:29:27,279 --> 01:29:31,079
Speaker 2: Actually in Til I heard a lot of stories that

1639
01:29:31,119 --> 01:29:35,359
the the Alersas grow on the lowlands on the on

1640
01:29:35,399 --> 01:29:37,199
the spacnum. I don't know how you call it the

1641
01:29:37,640 --> 01:29:40,600
moss yeah, yeah, yeah, that's what you call the bug.

1642
01:29:40,920 --> 01:29:42,880
Speaker 1: Yes, yes, phagnum yeah, like sphagnum.

1643
01:29:43,399 --> 01:29:46,079
Speaker 3: They grow on the box before like the squishes.

1644
01:29:47,920 --> 01:29:52,560
Speaker 2: Yeah. And and you're right, like if the two skak

1645
01:29:52,600 --> 01:29:55,319
covers the forest, the alersay is not able to grow,

1646
01:29:55,479 --> 01:29:59,079
you know. Yeah, it's they need some sunlight.

1647
01:30:00,159 --> 01:30:04,600
Speaker 1: It was. It's a really peculiar and cool habitat. And

1648
01:30:04,640 --> 01:30:08,840
then Alersa and Dino. Uh what is that like? Because

1649
01:30:08,880 --> 01:30:10,800
we went we just went to like the main tree.

1650
01:30:10,840 --> 01:30:13,640
They had the lake off access. You couldn't get to

1651
01:30:13,680 --> 01:30:15,600
the top, but you could see a bunch of Alersas

1652
01:30:15,640 --> 01:30:18,199
on the ridge. There's have you been there? There's more

1653
01:30:18,359 --> 01:30:19,920
there's older ones up top right.

1654
01:30:21,439 --> 01:30:23,239
Speaker 2: No, I've been to other parks that have a lot.

1655
01:30:23,680 --> 01:30:26,399
I have to Pumlin that it's a little bit south.

1656
01:30:26,960 --> 01:30:30,079
It's I don't know if you know the owner from

1657
01:30:30,079 --> 01:30:33,960
Patagonia made a lot of parks in southern Chile.

1658
01:30:34,119 --> 01:30:37,279
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, and I've seen that. I've seen the documentary

1659
01:30:37,279 --> 01:30:39,119
on that guy a while ago. Yeah, there's so you

1660
01:30:39,239 --> 01:30:41,439
but what is it like further south? I mean, is

1661
01:30:41,439 --> 01:30:44,880
there like are there still big ass old alers trees

1662
01:30:45,199 --> 01:30:47,239
and where there's like a number of them, like not

1663
01:30:47,359 --> 01:30:49,800
just one because in a coster you walk.

1664
01:30:49,720 --> 01:30:51,920
Speaker 2: You can see them by the highway and in this park,

1665
01:30:52,000 --> 01:30:55,399
you are in the highway, you stopped and you you

1666
01:30:55,439 --> 01:30:58,960
walk like five minutes and you can see big alerses.

1667
01:31:00,359 --> 01:31:03,479
But they say that the most old alertas are like

1668
01:31:04,520 --> 01:31:07,039
maybe they don't know where they are yet because they

1669
01:31:07,920 --> 01:31:12,479
the log was so heavy that they are like in ravines,

1670
01:31:12,600 --> 01:31:15,600
you know, like very far. You have to walk a

1671
01:31:15,600 --> 01:31:18,239
lot of days to get to the really old alerts,

1672
01:31:18,279 --> 01:31:18,520
you know.

1673
01:31:18,680 --> 01:31:20,199
Speaker 1: Yeah, I was going to say, do you think there's

1674
01:31:20,239 --> 01:31:23,319
areas where you could I mean like remote areas where

1675
01:31:23,159 --> 01:31:25,199
they weren't able to get in and log where there's

1676
01:31:25,199 --> 01:31:28,840
still like a forest of really large two or three

1677
01:31:28,920 --> 01:31:30,600
or four meter diameter trees.

1678
01:31:31,560 --> 01:31:35,000
Speaker 2: What we were talking before, like the mountains saved some

1679
01:31:35,079 --> 01:31:38,079
of this ecosystem and some of the biggest trees you

1680
01:31:38,079 --> 01:31:40,600
can see anchilla. They're like in places that you know,

1681
01:31:40,960 --> 01:31:44,479
it was hard for them to get caught, or they

1682
01:31:44,520 --> 01:31:49,760
were not like tubular perfect trees. There were more deformed.

1683
01:31:50,039 --> 01:31:53,159
So some of the deformed trees they left it there,

1684
01:31:53,199 --> 01:31:53,359
you know.

1685
01:31:53,760 --> 01:31:57,920
Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, where it's just so steep, it's so rugged

1686
01:31:58,079 --> 01:31:59,720
and steep and steep places.

1687
01:32:00,039 --> 01:32:03,600
Speaker 2: It's also must be really difficult to get to one

1688
01:32:03,640 --> 01:32:07,000
of these to discover new big trees. You know. But

1689
01:32:07,600 --> 01:32:11,039
I think if in California they discover these hyperion three

1690
01:32:11,760 --> 01:32:15,359
three here, we must have a lot of big annessas

1691
01:32:15,439 --> 01:32:16,720
that haven't been discovered yet.

1692
01:32:16,840 --> 01:32:18,880
Speaker 1: Oh, I'm sure when you look at a map of

1693
01:32:19,399 --> 01:32:22,079
southern Chile and you see how much is carved up

1694
01:32:22,119 --> 01:32:27,439
with all those fjords and and and estuaries, and you know,

1695
01:32:27,520 --> 01:32:29,199
I mean to get like, once you go south of

1696
01:32:29,239 --> 01:32:31,880
Puerto Mont you gotta take what like five different ferries

1697
01:32:31,920 --> 01:32:37,199
to get to the very end of the the road, which.

1698
01:32:37,000 --> 01:32:39,520
Speaker 2: Yeah, actually yeah something like that.

1699
01:32:39,880 --> 01:32:42,279
Speaker 1: Where where is where is that highway end? Where is that?

1700
01:32:42,319 --> 01:32:43,960
I got to look at a map. Somebody sent me

1701
01:32:43,960 --> 01:32:47,840
photos of some really wild ass plants from the Andes

1702
01:32:49,319 --> 01:32:52,279
Way further south of Puerto Mound. Where does that road end,

1703
01:32:52,399 --> 01:32:52,560
you know.

1704
01:32:53,920 --> 01:32:58,279
Speaker 2: Fuck, I don't know specifically, but then you have to

1705
01:32:58,319 --> 01:33:00,920
cross to Argentina at some point, you know, no ship

1706
01:33:01,039 --> 01:33:05,560
really yeah, yeah, Chile is not connected through a highway.

1707
01:33:05,560 --> 01:33:05,760
Speaker 1: You know.

1708
01:33:05,800 --> 01:33:09,079
Speaker 2: There's a lot of places that, I mean, at some

1709
01:33:09,159 --> 01:33:12,560
point you have to to cross to Argentina and then

1710
01:33:13,000 --> 01:33:16,079
you can cross again to Chile. But is especially in

1711
01:33:16,159 --> 01:33:19,800
this part full of fjords, that it's really really hard

1712
01:33:19,840 --> 01:33:24,479
to make a highway and and there's no people there,

1713
01:33:24,520 --> 01:33:27,840
so there's also no not much reason to do it.

1714
01:33:27,880 --> 01:33:29,560
Speaker 1: You know that it's the fucking end of the world

1715
01:33:29,640 --> 01:33:32,319
down there, man, it really is. It's where there's sidewalk,

1716
01:33:34,079 --> 01:33:39,279
so fucking cool where yeah, yeah, it's all ferries. Man,

1717
01:33:39,319 --> 01:33:41,600
you need ferries to get every wow geezeh.

1718
01:33:41,680 --> 01:33:43,479
Speaker 2: I mean you live for tomato and you have to

1719
01:33:43,520 --> 01:33:45,159
take a ferry right away, you know.

1720
01:33:45,439 --> 01:33:49,000
Speaker 1: Yeah. Yeah, you go south of Alers Andino National Park

1721
01:33:49,720 --> 01:33:51,680
and then there's like a small stretch of what is

1722
01:33:51,680 --> 01:33:55,000
that the highway Route seven, Highway seven, and then you got.

1723
01:33:54,840 --> 01:33:58,399
Speaker 3: To get the highway.

1724
01:33:59,520 --> 01:34:06,600
Speaker 1: Highway is a Cardadero whate okay, yeah yeah, and.

1725
01:34:06,920 --> 01:34:08,600
Speaker 3: This part also it's like a jungle.

1726
01:34:08,720 --> 01:34:13,520
Speaker 2: You know, if you want to walk where there's no path, man,

1727
01:34:13,600 --> 01:34:16,239
it's crazy. You will get lost so easily. You have

1728
01:34:16,319 --> 01:34:19,520
to go with a machete. It's especially in the Sus

1729
01:34:19,840 --> 01:34:24,199
it's impossible to gross so and I think it's a

1730
01:34:24,239 --> 01:34:28,960
good thing. It's helping to prefer more these places, you know.

1731
01:34:29,279 --> 01:34:33,159
Speaker 1: Yeah, but then there's alpine areas like volcan what is it?

1732
01:34:33,279 --> 01:34:36,600
Chai tan? Chai tan? Yeah, how do you pronounce it?

1733
01:34:36,640 --> 01:34:38,039
You know what? You know what it is? That volcano?

1734
01:34:38,039 --> 01:34:39,720
I'm looking at a satellite.

1735
01:34:39,880 --> 01:34:40,199
Speaker 2: Yeah.

1736
01:34:40,279 --> 01:34:42,960
Speaker 1: Yeah, there's a big pink over.

1737
01:34:42,840 --> 01:34:47,079
Speaker 2: There, the Cordillera. It's a lot. It's not so high,

1738
01:34:47,199 --> 01:34:50,039
you know, it's.

1739
01:34:49,119 --> 01:34:54,239
Speaker 1: It's a big pink volcano of andesite surrounded by temperate rainforest.

1740
01:34:54,319 --> 01:34:59,479
It looks incredible. Jesus, Yeah, I see where over there,

1741
01:34:59,680 --> 01:35:03,159
I see where that guy real or preserved all those parks. Yeah,

1742
01:35:03,199 --> 01:35:05,600
and you could see everything's just been carved up by glaciers.

1743
01:35:05,600 --> 01:35:10,239
Holy ship, there's all these cirques and valleys and Jesus man.

1744
01:35:10,439 --> 01:35:14,359
Speaker 2: Yeah, over there you can see the actually the over

1745
01:35:14,399 --> 01:35:18,680
there was like the the frontier of the last ice Age.

1746
01:35:19,000 --> 01:35:24,920
For example, the half of Chiloe was with ice and

1747
01:35:24,960 --> 01:35:28,039
the other half was not, you know. Yeah, and this

1748
01:35:28,239 --> 01:35:31,880
and these big lakes also format when the glaciers retreated, you.

1749
01:35:31,840 --> 01:35:35,960
Speaker 1: Know, Jesus, Oh my god, man, oh Higgins. Yeah, that's

1750
01:35:36,000 --> 01:35:38,680
what it was via oh Higgins. Have you been down

1751
01:35:38,720 --> 01:35:39,560
that far before?

1752
01:35:42,399 --> 01:35:45,840
Speaker 2: No? I haven't been so far away yet.

1753
01:35:45,920 --> 01:35:51,359
Speaker 1: Via oh Higgins. Their parquet Cerro Santiago, It's wow, Jesus man,

1754
01:35:52,880 --> 01:35:53,880
that's insane.

1755
01:35:55,239 --> 01:35:59,479
Speaker 2: Say over there they have like the the most awesome

1756
01:35:59,640 --> 01:36:03,840
lass landscapes. But for me also it's like one part

1757
01:36:03,880 --> 01:36:07,640
of the crazy capitalism that we have here. So for us,

1758
01:36:07,680 --> 01:36:10,359
it's so expensive to go to the south, you know,

1759
01:36:11,159 --> 01:36:15,359
rent the prices for us are crazy, you know.

1760
01:36:15,520 --> 01:36:18,720
Speaker 1: Oh, I'm sure everything is just price gouched probably.

1761
01:36:19,560 --> 01:36:23,720
Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean yeah, And for me, I have a

1762
01:36:23,760 --> 01:36:27,520
little bit of rage because of that, so I don't

1763
01:36:27,600 --> 01:36:32,520
move so far. For example, last year I went, I did.

1764
01:36:32,640 --> 01:36:35,520
I did a research and said, man, it's cheaper. I mean,

1765
01:36:35,560 --> 01:36:38,520
it's the same price to go to Brazil, to go

1766
01:36:38,600 --> 01:36:42,359
to Patagonia, you know, So I said, okay, I'll meet

1767
01:36:42,479 --> 01:36:47,079
a new landscape in Brazil. Yeah, but yeah, it's so

1768
01:36:47,159 --> 01:36:48,279
fucking expensive for us.

1769
01:36:48,479 --> 01:36:50,800
Speaker 1: Yeah. If I yeah, I think the thing, if I

1770
01:36:50,840 --> 01:36:52,399
was going to do it, I get like a van

1771
01:36:52,760 --> 01:36:55,680
that could sleep in and then just stock up like

1772
01:36:55,720 --> 01:36:59,119
a prepper and cans of fucking you know, just like

1773
01:36:59,199 --> 01:37:01,680
have on my own food, so I could just I

1774
01:37:01,800 --> 01:37:04,399
was entirely self contained, and I was only getting rabbed

1775
01:37:04,399 --> 01:37:07,920
for gas and the occasional hotel the wash.

1776
01:37:09,439 --> 01:37:12,960
Speaker 2: Yeah, but also Chilas it's so fucking huge, that means

1777
01:37:12,960 --> 01:37:16,000
so long. You know, for us, it's okay, it's normal.

1778
01:37:16,479 --> 01:37:18,640
I mean you've come from the US that it's even bigger,

1779
01:37:18,680 --> 01:37:23,800
you know. But the distances are also crazy, you know. Yeah,

1780
01:37:23,880 --> 01:37:25,800
go to to some places.

1781
01:37:26,039 --> 01:37:29,680
Speaker 1: Yeah, character Australa. I'm looking at that right now. That

1782
01:37:29,800 --> 01:37:32,039
is like that's the end of the world. Jesus, there's

1783
01:37:32,039 --> 01:37:33,239
probably are.

1784
01:37:34,920 --> 01:37:40,079
Speaker 2: And also and also I don't think there's a there

1785
01:37:40,279 --> 01:37:46,800
as it's only in the Los Lagos region, like Chilo.

1786
01:37:47,239 --> 01:37:50,800
It's like the final part of that latitude is like

1787
01:37:50,920 --> 01:37:51,560
the end of.

1788
01:37:52,600 --> 01:37:55,079
Speaker 1: There's pill Gero Dendron down there, though I know Piller

1789
01:37:55,239 --> 01:37:57,439
Dendron was way south Man.

1790
01:37:58,800 --> 01:38:05,640
Speaker 2: Yeah, and oil Oilar arguments is that the biodiversity starts

1791
01:38:05,680 --> 01:38:09,479
going down over the like the lichens and the most

1792
01:38:09,680 --> 01:38:15,199
go crazy, but the bus plants starts the biodiversity.

1793
01:38:15,279 --> 01:38:17,319
Speaker 1: So if you get like the biggest nerds, they'd be

1794
01:38:17,359 --> 01:38:20,000
having a blast down there. But anyone else who's into

1795
01:38:20,000 --> 01:38:24,479
a little yeah yeah, allers is the last observations on

1796
01:38:24,600 --> 01:38:30,399
I net are down by check ten. Yeah yeah, all right,

1797
01:38:30,439 --> 01:38:34,000
well uh okay, But going back to the forest, like

1798
01:38:34,039 --> 01:38:37,439
around you like plants like ex Toxicon punctatum. That was

1799
01:38:37,439 --> 01:38:39,159
a weird one. I thought was really cool to see

1800
01:38:39,199 --> 01:38:43,399
Citronella mukaranada. You said, Citronella mucranada is kind of endangered.

1801
01:38:43,399 --> 01:38:43,960
Why is that?

1802
01:38:45,359 --> 01:38:49,640
Speaker 3: Because they're so scars.

1803
01:38:49,760 --> 01:38:53,359
Speaker 2: You know, you do see one over here, one over there,

1804
01:38:53,399 --> 01:38:56,680
but you don't see patches of Cinderella karnata. You know,

1805
01:38:57,279 --> 01:39:01,920
there's so each population. It's very few in DVDs, and

1806
01:39:02,000 --> 01:39:05,600
it's always separated from the other population, you know.

1807
01:39:05,840 --> 01:39:08,840
Speaker 1: Yeah, cardiac Terra deacy is the family. That's a fucking

1808
01:39:08,920 --> 01:39:15,479
weird one. Aquafoli, which is the that's the aquafolia, So

1809
01:39:15,560 --> 01:39:18,720
that's like the that's like the namesake order of Yuruba

1810
01:39:18,800 --> 01:39:22,640
mate ilex. The hollies are in family Aquafolia ce.

1811
01:39:22,880 --> 01:39:24,760
Speaker 3: Oh really, I don't.

1812
01:39:24,800 --> 01:39:26,119
Speaker 2: I don't know if you remember I told you the

1813
01:39:26,159 --> 01:39:29,880
story that at some point the Chilean governors wanted to

1814
01:39:29,920 --> 01:39:37,520
stop importing from Argentina and start drinking. Now I understand.

1815
01:39:37,960 --> 01:39:40,000
Speaker 1: Yeah, I wonder, I bet it's got caffeine. Does it

1816
01:39:40,079 --> 01:39:42,439
have caffeine? Let me look that up. But that's a

1817
01:39:42,560 --> 01:39:44,680
that was a taste.

1818
01:39:44,800 --> 01:39:45,359
Speaker 2: It sucks.

1819
01:39:47,600 --> 01:39:50,479
Speaker 1: Really, what does it taste like?

1820
01:39:50,479 --> 01:39:51,760
Speaker 3: Like some random plants?

1821
01:39:52,039 --> 01:39:54,720
Speaker 1: You know, like just like you're like eating leaves, You're

1822
01:39:54,880 --> 01:39:56,039
just like yeah.

1823
01:39:56,079 --> 01:39:57,680
Speaker 3: And also there's so spiky.

1824
01:39:58,479 --> 01:40:00,760
Speaker 2: I don't know that was cool.

1825
01:40:01,079 --> 01:40:02,520
Speaker 3: Ladies will get spiked.

1826
01:40:02,560 --> 01:40:05,640
Speaker 1: Remember we saw that that's spontanea the e fulgens, and

1827
01:40:05,680 --> 01:40:08,640
but it was growing like draping off of a cliff

1828
01:40:09,199 --> 01:40:12,119
high up and it didn't have those You were like, oh,

1829
01:40:12,159 --> 01:40:14,239
the leaves on this are different. And then but I

1830
01:40:14,239 --> 01:40:16,039
didn't know because that was my first encounter with it.

1831
01:40:16,079 --> 01:40:18,159
And then we saw it and saw it in the South. Yeah,

1832
01:40:18,159 --> 01:40:21,840
and it was fucking it was It's like spiky European holly.

1833
01:40:21,840 --> 01:40:23,920
It's like crazy leaves much different.

1834
01:40:24,119 --> 01:40:26,439
Speaker 2: For me, it was crazy because I've seen this plant

1835
01:40:26,520 --> 01:40:28,359
so many times in the South and when I saw

1836
01:40:28,399 --> 01:40:31,000
it the first time I saw it in South Abion, man,

1837
01:40:31,079 --> 01:40:33,039
it looked like it was another plant. And also the

1838
01:40:33,079 --> 01:40:36,159
flowers were were like longer and thinner.

1839
01:40:37,399 --> 01:40:39,079
Speaker 1: What do you think that is is that just as

1840
01:40:39,079 --> 01:40:41,520
the as the it means it just normal heteroblasty, like

1841
01:40:41,520 --> 01:40:45,039
as the tree gets older and gets above the height

1842
01:40:45,079 --> 01:40:47,520
at which herbivorous can chew on it, then it just

1843
01:40:47,600 --> 01:40:50,199
it stops producing sharp leaves or what.

1844
01:40:51,880 --> 01:40:54,920
Speaker 2: No. I think think maybe it's a latitude thing, maybe

1845
01:40:54,920 --> 01:40:58,119
because in the South they all have really but you're talking.

1846
01:40:57,920 --> 01:41:00,279
Speaker 1: About this or that's fun.

1847
01:41:00,560 --> 01:41:03,840
Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, I think that must be the latitude because

1848
01:41:03,840 --> 01:41:06,640
in the South that plant is very common, you know,

1849
01:41:06,720 --> 01:41:09,560
and it always has these very pointy leaves.

1850
01:41:10,439 --> 01:41:10,640
Speaker 1: Yeah.

1851
01:41:10,680 --> 01:41:13,600
Speaker 2: So but actually I want to take some samples and

1852
01:41:13,800 --> 01:41:18,039
talk to uh buttanist or something. Maybe it's I don't know,

1853
01:41:18,199 --> 01:41:19,439
subspecies or something.

1854
01:41:19,680 --> 01:41:22,520
Speaker 1: Yeah, that was. It was really cool to see, and

1855
01:41:22,560 --> 01:41:24,680
it's it's one of the more dominant plants too, Like

1856
01:41:24,720 --> 01:41:29,399
when you go when you go to like it now

1857
01:41:29,439 --> 01:41:32,439
all Buddha was everywhere in the understory. It's everywhere, and

1858
01:41:32,479 --> 01:41:39,199
it alers costero to columeliac order brune alis, which I

1859
01:41:39,199 --> 01:41:44,359
think is sister escaloni ales. But that's a common I

1860
01:41:44,359 --> 01:41:46,560
mean that What is tell me about that plant, like

1861
01:41:46,600 --> 01:41:50,319
the Despontanea, is that you got these red flowers bird pollination.

1862
01:41:50,359 --> 01:41:52,840
They're like two or three inches long, very spiky, holly

1863
01:41:52,960 --> 01:41:57,079
like leaves that are glabrous and evergreen. What is it?

1864
01:41:57,119 --> 01:41:58,479
Was it like when you were in that all the

1865
01:41:58,600 --> 01:42:01,479
edible stuff was this? Was there any edible use for

1866
01:42:01,520 --> 01:42:03,720
this or what? No?

1867
01:42:04,039 --> 01:42:07,039
Speaker 3: I think it has some magical uses, but edible.

1868
01:42:07,720 --> 01:42:10,680
Speaker 1: Or witches are into it. They're like they're doing potions

1869
01:42:10,800 --> 01:42:14,239
or something. Okay, yeah, cool family though, I mean that

1870
01:42:14,359 --> 01:42:16,199
was that was a really fascinating thing for me, was

1871
01:42:16,239 --> 01:42:19,319
to see these lineages that are just completely foreign to me,

1872
01:42:19,960 --> 01:42:25,439
you know, in North America, or to any North American bondanists.

1873
01:42:25,439 --> 01:42:28,319
But but yeah, citronella. I wish we would have seen

1874
01:42:28,359 --> 01:42:30,800
more than just that that little one.

1875
01:42:31,000 --> 01:42:35,000
Speaker 2: But they it's hard to see the big trees. It's

1876
01:42:35,000 --> 01:42:37,199
hard to get to them. I haven't seen a big

1877
01:42:37,199 --> 01:42:38,239
one in santal And yet.

1878
01:42:38,600 --> 01:42:40,880
Speaker 1: Really they're mostly further south.

1879
01:42:40,720 --> 01:42:48,239
Speaker 2: Or or no, their central region tree. Yeah, weird, very endangerous. Yeah,

1880
01:42:48,359 --> 01:42:50,319
and then one of the trees. If you want to

1881
01:42:50,359 --> 01:42:53,840
take like a a permit to gout your forest and

1882
01:42:53,920 --> 01:42:58,640
they find these trees or fuck you know, so.

1883
01:42:58,640 --> 01:43:00,439
Speaker 1: If they ever come for the forest, you go you

1884
01:43:00,479 --> 01:43:02,199
start planting citronella mucrona.

1885
01:43:02,399 --> 01:43:05,800
Speaker 3: Yeah, yeah, yeah, good thing to do, the.

1886
01:43:07,720 --> 01:43:09,720
Speaker 1: Go more and then go moore Tega too. That was

1887
01:43:09,760 --> 01:43:11,840
one I wanted to see because that's a really weird

1888
01:43:11,880 --> 01:43:14,479
that's one of those Magnolia lineages. It's in its own

1889
01:43:14,640 --> 01:43:18,800
monotypic family, right, and uh, but that's it's rare as hell?

1890
01:43:18,920 --> 01:43:21,319
What's what's up with that tree? Why is it rare?

1891
01:43:22,640 --> 01:43:24,760
Speaker 2: It's true. I mean, all the trees that we have

1892
01:43:24,840 --> 01:43:28,640
here that have big fruits are rare. I think because

1893
01:43:28,640 --> 01:43:33,560
of the natural propagators. The animals are not here anymore.

1894
01:43:35,000 --> 01:43:39,560
You know, this fruit just falls and stays there. We

1895
01:43:39,680 --> 01:43:44,399
have this also with Potaia splendors.

1896
01:43:44,720 --> 01:43:45,199
Speaker 1: Mm hmmm.

1897
01:43:45,439 --> 01:43:46,520
Speaker 3: I don't know if you know this tree?

1898
01:43:46,680 --> 01:43:48,720
Speaker 1: No, what is that? But how do you spell it?

1899
01:43:50,159 --> 01:43:56,960
Pot p o U t e r puteria. Oh yeah,

1900
01:43:56,960 --> 01:43:57,840
I see it. Okay.

1901
01:43:59,399 --> 01:44:02,319
Speaker 2: So they say that this kind of fruit was eaten

1902
01:44:02,439 --> 01:44:07,760
by by not dinosaurs but megafauna. So it's naturally it's

1903
01:44:07,800 --> 01:44:13,359
a tree that it's scarce. And also the natural range

1904
01:44:13,479 --> 01:44:14,640
of the gombrtega.

1905
01:44:14,760 --> 01:44:18,159
Speaker 3: It's right where the pine seas.

1906
01:44:17,840 --> 01:44:21,399
Speaker 2: Are, you know, so it was rare before, but now

1907
01:44:21,520 --> 01:44:25,720
it's rare because it's naturally system has been devastated, you know.

1908
01:44:25,920 --> 01:44:28,319
Speaker 1: Yeah, it was it had the misfortune of growing and

1909
01:44:28,359 --> 01:44:31,640
what would become one of the most densely populated regions

1910
01:44:31,640 --> 01:44:32,079
of Chile.

1911
01:44:33,760 --> 01:44:38,239
Speaker 2: Yeah, so especially for the pine plantations, because these songs

1912
01:44:38,279 --> 01:44:43,319
are not so I mean, there's a there's a latitude

1913
01:44:43,520 --> 01:44:49,960
where we have like these very endangered trees between Maule

1914
01:44:50,159 --> 01:44:54,800
and Araucania. You know, you have Gortega, you have Pavia puntata.

1915
01:44:54,880 --> 01:44:56,239
You know if you saw that one.

1916
01:44:56,800 --> 01:45:00,399
Speaker 1: I think we I think I saw Petavia puncta. Yeah

1917
01:45:00,399 --> 01:45:00,920
where where?

1918
01:45:00,920 --> 01:45:00,960
Speaker 2: What?

1919
01:45:01,039 --> 01:45:02,399
Speaker 1: What family is that? You know?

1920
01:45:03,960 --> 01:45:12,000
Speaker 2: Uh, let me see it? Family that that's as cars

1921
01:45:12,119 --> 01:45:19,960
as you know. Also the the I mean it's also

1922
01:45:20,039 --> 01:45:23,319
it's in this like lat range from right.

1923
01:45:24,680 --> 01:45:27,960
Speaker 3: Yeah. Yeah, that one you have also.

1924
01:45:27,680 --> 01:45:30,520
Speaker 2: In in Tasmania or New Zealand. Right.

1925
01:45:31,720 --> 01:45:35,199
Speaker 1: Yeah, that's another one of those Cantwana and Connifer lineages.

1926
01:45:35,279 --> 01:45:40,319
Speaker 2: Yeah okay, but for you Connifer loving guys, that wasn't

1927
01:45:40,399 --> 01:45:41,239
so cool, right.

1928
01:45:41,159 --> 01:45:42,600
Speaker 1: No, it was it was cool.

1929
01:45:42,680 --> 01:45:42,720
Speaker 2: No.

1930
01:45:42,800 --> 01:45:44,520
Speaker 1: I was stoked to see it. I mean all those

1931
01:45:44,600 --> 01:45:46,640
things I want to you know, I try to take

1932
01:45:46,720 --> 01:45:48,079
I go and I see them and I take as

1933
01:45:48,079 --> 01:45:50,880
many photos of as many different aspects of a morphology

1934
01:45:50,880 --> 01:45:54,119
as possible. So I have like a bank you know

1935
01:45:54,239 --> 01:45:58,800
of a photo bank that I can reference later. God

1936
01:45:58,840 --> 01:46:01,479
more Tega I had seen in before because they have

1937
01:46:01,520 --> 01:46:05,239
one U see Berkeley Botanic Gardens. But I really wanted

1938
01:46:05,239 --> 01:46:06,800
to see the habitat. But you know then I had

1939
01:46:06,800 --> 01:46:08,760
heard it's like kind of out of the way and

1940
01:46:08,840 --> 01:46:12,039
it's surrounded by uh it's not flowering now and it's

1941
01:46:12,079 --> 01:46:13,880
surrounded by pine.

1942
01:46:13,920 --> 01:46:17,840
Speaker 2: Hell, so man, it's it's over the I mean, now,

1943
01:46:18,000 --> 01:46:21,760
Buddha is a dream compared to where Gomrtega grows. It's

1944
01:46:21,800 --> 01:46:26,760
actually you see the pine sea and got the Gomortega reserve.

1945
01:46:27,119 --> 01:46:29,920
Speaker 3: Man, it's just like not even an entire hill.

1946
01:46:30,000 --> 01:46:35,479
Speaker 2: It's like the the house of one hill, you know, Jesus,

1947
01:46:35,600 --> 01:46:39,039
And I think, like, how can the state cannot like

1948
01:46:39,159 --> 01:46:44,960
expropriate some territory to make like a to make this bigger?

1949
01:46:45,000 --> 01:46:45,199
Speaker 1: You know.

1950
01:46:47,920 --> 01:46:50,680
Speaker 2: Yeah, it's it's like an army. It's being surrounded by

1951
01:46:50,800 --> 01:46:55,880
the pines. But this echo, this ecosystem is really wet,

1952
01:46:55,920 --> 01:46:59,560
you know, So I think restoration wouldn't be so hard,

1953
01:46:59,600 --> 01:47:02,760
you know, because has all the humidity from the from

1954
01:47:02,760 --> 01:47:03,199
the coast.

1955
01:47:03,600 --> 01:47:06,159
Speaker 1: Yeah, I was gonna ask, I mean, why is nobody

1956
01:47:06,199 --> 01:47:09,560
grown and like we're storing it somewhere else, or planting

1957
01:47:09,600 --> 01:47:11,199
the ship out of it, or even just you know

1958
01:47:11,239 --> 01:47:13,359
what I mean, if it's a rare plant, just propagate

1959
01:47:13,399 --> 01:47:17,399
the ship out of it and introduce it. There's cultivation too.

1960
01:47:18,479 --> 01:47:22,600
Speaker 2: There's people doing this. But as I was telling you,

1961
01:47:22,680 --> 01:47:28,359
this range of in the middle of the Mediterranean climate

1962
01:47:28,479 --> 01:47:32,159
and the temperate first climate is like a rare place

1963
01:47:32,199 --> 01:47:34,840
where there's not all the people go straight to the south,

1964
01:47:34,960 --> 01:47:38,720
you know. Yeah, the people or people do restoration near Santiago,

1965
01:47:38,760 --> 01:47:41,800
you know, but this is like kind of a forgotten place,

1966
01:47:41,840 --> 01:47:42,000
you know.

1967
01:47:42,359 --> 01:47:47,239
Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, yeah. They're selling it on rare palm seeds

1968
01:47:49,000 --> 01:47:52,199
really yeah, I guess so. Yeah, it's like this European

1969
01:47:52,319 --> 01:47:57,039
seed distributor that they sell like rare shit for really

1970
01:47:57,159 --> 01:47:59,600
expensive you know amount.

1971
01:48:00,239 --> 01:48:03,319
Speaker 2: Actually, they say, if you eat the fruit of the

1972
01:48:03,680 --> 01:48:06,640
of the go marchega you it's like a drug you

1973
01:48:06,800 --> 01:48:11,239
get drunk or something. Really yeah, and it's it's awesome.

1974
01:48:11,279 --> 01:48:14,760
It's like a queen's you know, it tastes really good. Queens.

1975
01:48:15,000 --> 01:48:16,199
Speaker 3: Yeah, it's really really good.

1976
01:48:16,920 --> 01:48:18,479
Speaker 1: It's crazy. Why does nobody growing.

1977
01:48:18,920 --> 01:48:21,720
Speaker 2: I mean, it's it's really it's really hard to grow.

1978
01:48:22,319 --> 01:48:24,840
I forgot to tell you before. It's a tree. One

1979
01:48:24,840 --> 01:48:28,479
of the most hard to grow trees, and it's very sensitive,

1980
01:48:28,640 --> 01:48:31,600
like you have to grow it and it's distribution range.

1981
01:48:32,039 --> 01:48:33,840
Speaker 3: If it's not, it's that it dies.

1982
01:48:33,960 --> 01:48:36,199
Speaker 2: You know. You have to grow it in the coastal range,

1983
01:48:36,520 --> 01:48:40,079
like in that kind of latitude because it's very sensitive,

1984
01:48:40,159 --> 01:48:40,319
you know.

1985
01:48:40,640 --> 01:48:44,680
Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, I mean they're but they're growing it. You

1986
01:48:44,720 --> 01:48:47,079
see Berkeley. I don't know if they have two trees

1987
01:48:47,239 --> 01:48:49,920
or what like, if you know, if it needs out crossing,

1988
01:48:49,960 --> 01:48:51,680
I assume it probably does. It's always better for a.

1989
01:48:51,640 --> 01:48:56,119
Speaker 3: Genetic Berkeley what kind of climate has.

1990
01:48:56,399 --> 01:49:01,520
Speaker 1: It's Mediterranean climate, but they irrigate, they have a bunch

1991
01:49:01,520 --> 01:49:03,800
of stuff. They've got massive gunners there too.

1992
01:49:05,079 --> 01:49:07,560
Speaker 2: Yeah, but I think you saw that here, like the

1993
01:49:07,600 --> 01:49:14,119
botanical park. See, it sucks, you know, it really sucks.

1994
01:49:14,640 --> 01:49:21,239
In Santiago, we had, like in the nineteenth century, I

1995
01:49:21,239 --> 01:49:24,119
mean beginning of the twentieth century, we had they had

1996
01:49:24,159 --> 01:49:29,479
a botanical park where they grow plants from Confernandez or not.

1997
01:49:29,600 --> 01:49:30,680
You heard of Confernando?

1998
01:49:30,680 --> 01:49:32,920
Speaker 1: Oh, yeah, definitely. Yeah, there's some weird show.

1999
01:49:34,159 --> 01:49:36,640
Speaker 2: The biodiversity over there is crisis. So we have this

2000
01:49:36,920 --> 01:49:40,239
really cool Now it's abandoned, you know, and you cannot

2001
01:49:40,239 --> 01:49:43,520
find like a good as any capital seat in the world.

2002
01:49:43,560 --> 01:49:46,600
You cannot find a good botanical garden in Santiago.

2003
01:49:46,640 --> 01:49:51,479
Speaker 1: It's crazy what happened White, you know, there's I.

2004
01:49:51,399 --> 01:49:55,239
Speaker 2: Think, I don't know, maybe they think that national parks

2005
01:49:55,319 --> 01:49:59,600
are enough, so the government doesn't put resources and they

2006
01:49:59,640 --> 01:50:05,800
have to you know that there's some but they don't

2007
01:50:05,840 --> 01:50:06,560
have resources.

2008
01:50:06,960 --> 01:50:09,239
Speaker 1: That sucks. No, man, That's like that's where you need

2009
01:50:09,279 --> 01:50:11,239
it the most, you know, and you need one that's

2010
01:50:11,279 --> 01:50:14,880
not like you know, pretty garden beds for old ladies

2011
01:50:14,920 --> 01:50:16,960
to go, you know, get their pictures taken and no

2012
01:50:17,000 --> 01:50:19,520
offense to the old ladies of course, but but you know,

2013
01:50:20,199 --> 01:50:22,520
but you need it. That's like one that's dedicated to

2014
01:50:22,600 --> 01:50:25,960
native plants. You get a nice fucking informational kiosk and

2015
01:50:26,039 --> 01:50:28,479
people who are really good at growing the natives there.

2016
01:50:28,560 --> 01:50:32,079
And it's an exit to conservation source and also a

2017
01:50:32,119 --> 01:50:37,000
seed source. They're basically producing seeds for horticulture to get

2018
01:50:37,039 --> 01:50:39,960
the native plants back into into the native you know,

2019
01:50:40,000 --> 01:50:42,560
into the like gardening and landscaping in the region. I

2020
01:50:42,560 --> 01:50:44,640
mean that is like the most it's one of like

2021
01:50:44,680 --> 01:50:48,039
the most pressing needs for every region is to have

2022
01:50:48,159 --> 01:50:52,640
like a native plant botanic garden that's dedicated to educating

2023
01:50:52,680 --> 01:50:55,560
people about the plants that grew there before the sprawl

2024
01:50:55,600 --> 01:50:58,520
took over, you know, because that's how you connect people

2025
01:50:58,560 --> 01:51:00,600
back to land, you know what I mean.

2026
01:51:00,840 --> 01:51:05,319
Speaker 2: So yeah, it's like it's like a showroom for the

2027
01:51:05,479 --> 01:51:08,399
nights violversity that we have here exactly.

2028
01:51:08,560 --> 01:51:11,359
Speaker 1: It's a museum and a living museum people.

2029
01:51:11,680 --> 01:51:15,640
Speaker 2: It's not that there's not capable people, you know, it's

2030
01:51:15,720 --> 01:51:18,119
just resources.

2031
01:51:17,159 --> 01:51:21,319
Speaker 1: Resources, and yeah, the money and you know, convincing people

2032
01:51:21,359 --> 01:51:21,760
that it's.

2033
01:51:22,199 --> 01:51:26,000
Speaker 2: To do shopping malls here with here the shopping malls

2034
01:51:26,000 --> 01:51:27,279
grow like fungus, you know.

2035
01:51:28,079 --> 01:51:33,479
Speaker 1: Oh god, Yeah, it's the consumerism. It's like the consumerism

2036
01:51:33,640 --> 01:51:37,159
plays into the most like bottom of the brainstam basal

2037
01:51:37,199 --> 01:51:40,399
primate urge. You know, it's a and it leaves you

2038
01:51:40,439 --> 01:51:43,800
feeling so empty, you know, when you're doing like shopping

2039
01:51:43,840 --> 01:51:47,199
and consumerism is therapy. It's like, you know, you might

2040
01:51:47,239 --> 01:51:49,600
as well just do fucking heroin. It's like it's you know,

2041
01:51:50,000 --> 01:51:54,359
it's maybe not you know, you die a little bit

2042
01:51:54,439 --> 01:51:58,079
faster Heroin, but but it's it's basically the same thing.

2043
01:51:58,119 --> 01:51:59,840
It's like you're not going to fill the hole within

2044
01:51:59,880 --> 01:52:02,920
yourself you're not gonna fill the void by buying ship

2045
01:52:03,000 --> 01:52:05,279
you don't need. But that's that's what we were basing

2046
01:52:05,279 --> 01:52:09,840
our economies on a lot of them. Now, all right,

2047
01:52:09,880 --> 01:52:13,000
well before I'll let you dip out here. But archidasaphyle

2048
01:52:13,199 --> 01:52:15,880
excelsum that's another really rare one I want to talk about.

2049
01:52:15,960 --> 01:52:19,279
It's it's a Barnet dizyoid. It's a it's in a

2050
01:52:19,279 --> 01:52:23,760
sunflower family. It's like the most basal sub family. Weird, weird.

2051
01:52:24,199 --> 01:52:28,560
Speaker 2: That's a very rare one. Yeah. And also it's endangered,

2052
01:52:28,840 --> 01:52:32,119
just as the Gomortega. And I don't know why it's

2053
01:52:32,159 --> 01:52:35,000
so scarce this one. I don't know, because this has

2054
01:52:35,119 --> 01:52:40,960
flying seeds. It should have like more success this person itself.

2055
01:52:41,560 --> 01:52:45,199
But it's it's similar to Gomrtega. You can only see

2056
01:52:45,239 --> 01:52:49,720
like a few places where it's surrounded by pines or

2057
01:52:49,800 --> 01:52:53,119
surrounded by houses. Deforestation, you know.

2058
01:52:53,359 --> 01:52:56,359
Speaker 1: So, yeah, there's some in La Campana.

2059
01:52:56,439 --> 01:52:56,520
Speaker 2: Right.

2060
01:52:56,560 --> 01:52:59,079
Speaker 1: How far is La Campana National Park from Santiago.

2061
01:53:00,279 --> 01:53:02,319
Speaker 2: It's like one hour and a half something like this,

2062
01:53:02,800 --> 01:53:05,960
so one hour you yeah, but you have to like

2063
01:53:06,079 --> 01:53:08,399
really look for them. You know that it's not here.

2064
01:53:09,000 --> 01:53:12,840
They don't in the national parks. They don't have much

2065
01:53:12,880 --> 01:53:16,000
sick signature or anything. You have to go on an

2066
01:53:16,199 --> 01:53:17,560
adventure to look for it.

2067
01:53:18,279 --> 01:53:20,520
Speaker 1: Yeah, they're not there's and there's not many trees, right,

2068
01:53:20,560 --> 01:53:21,960
there's not many individuals.

2069
01:53:22,880 --> 01:53:24,520
Speaker 2: I know, there's not many individuals.

2070
01:53:25,159 --> 01:53:25,840
Speaker 1: Are there? Are there?

2071
01:53:25,880 --> 01:53:28,640
Speaker 2: Actually? For my for my project that I give it

2072
01:53:28,720 --> 01:53:34,359
to you, the the Chilean Trees Guide. One one really

2073
01:53:34,439 --> 01:53:38,880
cool botanist gave me the like a pinpoint and it

2074
01:53:38,960 --> 01:53:42,039
was in between men. It was a really small ravine

2075
01:53:42,640 --> 01:53:46,199
in between two in between plantations. But it was just

2076
01:53:46,359 --> 01:53:49,800
one row of trees, you know, like only one row,

2077
01:53:49,960 --> 01:53:53,239
and then the next trees were pines. It was like

2078
01:53:53,479 --> 01:53:56,840
asphyxiated with pines, you know, crazy.

2079
01:53:56,920 --> 01:54:00,600
Speaker 1: The fucking pines there everywhere.

2080
01:54:00,680 --> 01:54:05,479
Speaker 2: We all we go back to this all the time. Yeah. Well,

2081
01:54:05,760 --> 01:54:10,720
one good thing about these fine seas is that you

2082
01:54:10,840 --> 01:54:15,920
have like a sheetload of sui Us fungus that here.

2083
01:54:16,199 --> 01:54:19,439
People do have an economy for them, you know, people

2084
01:54:19,479 --> 01:54:25,960
that grow that lives near these plantations, gather forests these

2085
01:54:26,039 --> 01:54:29,039
mushrooms and it's like the typical mushrooms that you can

2086
01:54:29,079 --> 01:54:31,680
buy in the supermarket, right, you know, like.

2087
01:54:31,680 --> 01:54:35,800
Speaker 1: Bow leaves and chantrails and everything. But they're all invasive though, right.

2088
01:54:36,920 --> 01:54:38,920
Speaker 2: No, no, but you know how we don't have chanters,

2089
01:54:39,000 --> 01:54:43,119
nothing fancy, only suit us luteos and a couple more.

2090
01:54:43,159 --> 01:54:45,239
You know, we don't see ones.

2091
01:54:45,319 --> 01:54:47,159
Speaker 1: But they're not native fungi though, right.

2092
01:54:47,479 --> 01:54:49,359
Speaker 3: No, no, they're not native, not at all.

2093
01:54:49,520 --> 01:54:54,760
Speaker 2: But they're edible and they're and they're appeared by thousands,

2094
01:54:54,800 --> 01:54:56,560
you know, it's full of them on the season.

2095
01:54:56,840 --> 01:54:59,159
Speaker 1: Yeah that's cool at least. Yeah that but but going

2096
01:54:59,199 --> 01:55:03,520
back to the archid, I mean, how tall were the

2097
01:55:03,520 --> 01:55:04,479
trees that you saw?

2098
01:55:06,960 --> 01:55:11,039
Speaker 2: They were like fifteen meters more or less.

2099
01:55:11,880 --> 01:55:13,680
Speaker 1: Yeah, so this is like a this is like a

2100
01:55:13,720 --> 01:55:18,000
fifty foot tall member of the sunflower family that's got

2101
01:55:18,079 --> 01:55:22,199
woody bark. Yeah, archied asaphylind But then archidesa flain Diekantois

2102
01:55:22,279 --> 01:55:25,359
is everywhere. That's a very common one, right, Yeah.

2103
01:55:25,199 --> 01:55:28,680
Speaker 2: It's more southern. And this is very very typical, you know, yeah,

2104
01:55:28,840 --> 01:55:32,119
very similar. Yes, it's the same general.

2105
01:55:32,000 --> 01:55:35,159
Speaker 1: It's a more southern. It's so it's adapted to like

2106
01:55:35,159 --> 01:55:38,800
a more music like a wetter climate, whereas excelsum is

2107
01:55:38,800 --> 01:55:43,039
more adapted to like the the Mediterranean style climate of

2108
01:55:43,880 --> 01:55:45,199
near the Santiago area.

2109
01:55:46,279 --> 01:55:49,159
Speaker 2: Yeah, but anyhow, I think this is because it's so scarce.

2110
01:55:49,239 --> 01:55:51,680
Also maybe in the past there were more of them,

2111
01:55:51,720 --> 01:55:55,119
but yeah, it needs it also needs humidity. You know,

2112
01:55:55,199 --> 01:55:58,279
it lives like on the on the bottom of the ravines.

2113
01:55:58,399 --> 01:56:01,399
Speaker 1: Yeah, and just to develop. Meant if anything where you

2114
01:56:01,399 --> 01:56:03,199
didn't you weren't able to get any flowers where you

2115
01:56:03,279 --> 01:56:05,439
like to see what the inflorescences look like.

2116
01:56:05,479 --> 01:56:09,399
Speaker 2: No, no, no. When I went the like the the

2117
01:56:10,119 --> 01:56:12,800
branches were very high, you know, and I think it

2118
01:56:12,840 --> 01:56:17,560
wasn't time for flowering. But in the places you've been, Like,

2119
01:56:17,640 --> 01:56:20,920
have you seen any other like aster trees like that

2120
01:56:21,039 --> 01:56:21,720
grow so big?

2121
01:56:22,079 --> 01:56:24,720
Speaker 1: Uh? What was it we saw? Yeah, there was a

2122
01:56:24,760 --> 01:56:28,920
small one. It was anti what is it antiogony? How

2123
01:56:28,920 --> 01:56:31,920
do you pronounce it? There was one, only one we

2124
01:56:31,960 --> 01:56:36,159
saw in uh in a Lerce costero, hold on, I

2125
01:56:36,159 --> 01:56:38,119
could tell you it was. I think it was a mutissioid.

2126
01:56:38,199 --> 01:56:42,720
I love the mutissioids, which is all all the composits

2127
01:56:42,760 --> 01:56:47,199
down there, mostly mutissioids. They're fucking beautiful. The real flower

2128
01:56:47,199 --> 01:56:49,479
structure so unique too, Like you could tell it's a

2129
01:56:50,119 --> 01:56:53,560
mutis look at the flowers, You're like, oh, this is

2130
01:56:53,600 --> 01:56:55,640
like a mouth doesn't look like a five.

2131
01:56:55,600 --> 01:56:59,279
Speaker 2: Like actually, for my project that I'm like digitalizing the

2132
01:56:59,319 --> 01:57:02,720
leaves then with DCI. Man, it's impossible. It's like fused

2133
01:57:02,960 --> 01:57:06,199
with the stem and.

2134
01:57:06,079 --> 01:57:09,279
Speaker 3: It's like wavy. It's a really tough one.

2135
01:57:10,640 --> 01:57:15,520
Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah it was. Yeah, okay, it was a Christiane,

2136
01:57:15,039 --> 01:57:20,760
a Christie Simosa. I want it. We saw we saw

2137
01:57:20,920 --> 01:57:25,159
a this genus with you, but not this species, different

2138
01:57:25,159 --> 01:57:31,840
species Christiana. Yeah, see yeah Christiana. Yeah, it didn't take

2139
01:57:31,840 --> 01:57:32,920
you a lot up. But I was a little one.

2140
01:57:32,920 --> 01:57:34,079
How big this is?

2141
01:57:35,399 --> 01:57:38,640
Speaker 2: They say it's a small tree, but they say it

2142
01:57:38,800 --> 01:57:42,159
grows till six meters but I've never seen such a

2143
01:57:42,199 --> 01:57:42,880
big one. Yeah.

2144
01:57:42,920 --> 01:57:45,760
Speaker 1: This thing was like three meters tall by three meters

2145
01:57:45,760 --> 01:57:51,680
wide and had really lenate leaf undersides, like really really wooly,

2146
01:57:52,079 --> 01:57:53,279
which was yeah.

2147
01:57:53,399 --> 01:57:56,720
Speaker 2: But it doesn't develop like a real thick trunk, you know,

2148
01:57:56,760 --> 01:57:59,319
It's always remains like thin.

2149
01:57:59,600 --> 01:58:01,760
Speaker 1: Yeah, man branched. Yeah, it was cool though. I mean

2150
01:58:01,760 --> 01:58:03,359
it was one of those things you see and even

2151
01:58:03,359 --> 01:58:07,399
before I saw the flowers, I'm like, this is probably ESTRACI.

2152
01:58:07,840 --> 01:58:10,119
Speaker 2: I was asking you, like in other parts of the world,

2153
01:58:10,359 --> 01:58:14,560
like have you seen the asteracia like big vascular plants?

2154
01:58:14,600 --> 01:58:18,720
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, yeah in Brazil. In Brazil, there's a ton

2155
01:58:18,760 --> 01:58:22,800
of diversity in the Vernonia tribe. Well, I think it's

2156
01:58:22,840 --> 01:58:27,640
Arimanthus is one of the genera, and they formed these

2157
01:58:27,640 --> 01:58:31,359
big trees that get to like fucking you know, ten

2158
01:58:31,399 --> 01:58:36,199
meters tall. Yeah, really cool. It's and that the flowers

2159
01:58:36,199 --> 01:58:40,359
are like wild, they're you know, they're like pinkish purple,

2160
01:58:40,720 --> 01:58:44,800
but like they're little mini sunflowers with no no rays,

2161
01:58:44,840 --> 01:58:47,840
no ligules, and they're all aggregated together in these heads

2162
01:58:47,880 --> 01:58:50,159
so that there's like one hundred flowers and this small

2163
01:58:50,199 --> 01:58:53,920
little structure. Yeah, they're really cool. And they get big too.

2164
01:58:53,960 --> 01:58:56,560
I mean they're like you know, for a asta, they're

2165
01:58:56,640 --> 01:59:00,279
like thirty forty feet tall, ten meters tall.

2166
01:59:00,479 --> 01:59:03,760
Speaker 2: So so the other day I found that paper on

2167
01:59:03,960 --> 01:59:06,000
the trees of that island I was talking to you

2168
01:59:06,000 --> 01:59:08,680
about in Brazil, in La Grande. Yeah, it has like

2169
01:59:08,880 --> 01:59:11,720
two hundred and more lived the trees. But you look

2170
01:59:12,000 --> 01:59:14,520
also you look these trees on Google and there's no

2171
01:59:14,520 --> 01:59:15,119
no images.

2172
01:59:15,680 --> 01:59:18,920
Speaker 1: Yeah, Brazil, nothing's documented there. That was what was cool

2173
01:59:18,960 --> 01:59:21,000
to see in Chile was that there was way more

2174
01:59:21,680 --> 01:59:25,319
of a presence of native plants and like the dominant

2175
01:59:25,439 --> 01:59:29,439
popular culture there than I saw in Brazil.

2176
01:59:29,319 --> 01:59:32,520
Speaker 2: Also, I think here also there's there's a lot of

2177
01:59:32,560 --> 01:59:37,000
like people is on the Internet all the time. So

2178
01:59:37,119 --> 01:59:41,359
when you look for plantilem plants and Wikipedia, you get pictures,

2179
01:59:41,439 --> 01:59:44,000
you get a lot of information. But you look plants

2180
01:59:44,000 --> 01:59:47,600
from other parts and there's nothing. Some of them doesn't

2181
01:59:47,640 --> 01:59:53,800
have Wikipedia entries. So I think that's crazy. Like and

2182
01:59:53,840 --> 01:59:56,520
now I understand Brazil, Like if you want to learn, like,

2183
01:59:56,560 --> 01:59:59,920
how do you do it if there's no photos, there's nothing.

2184
01:59:59,720 --> 02:00:03,000
Speaker 1: There's no field guys, Yeah, there's no there's no access, man,

2185
02:00:03,039 --> 02:00:05,600
it's just it's just academics. There's a lot of good

2186
02:00:05,600 --> 02:00:08,760
bondanists in academia and Brazil, but there's not like there's

2187
02:00:08,800 --> 02:00:10,800
no access to information in the popular culture.

2188
02:00:11,239 --> 02:00:13,399
Speaker 2: So you have to like, oh, maybe this information is

2189
02:00:13,560 --> 02:00:15,760
like they have it like in the botanical garden.

2190
02:00:16,119 --> 02:00:19,359
Speaker 1: Yeah. Yeah, they've got a cool botanic garden and a

2191
02:00:19,479 --> 02:00:23,760
cool orbarium. But uh, in a lot of like I

2192
02:00:23,800 --> 02:00:26,199
think there's a lot of like literature like obscure books

2193
02:00:26,199 --> 02:00:28,840
that are produced by universities, but there's nothing. You go

2194
02:00:28,880 --> 02:00:30,880
to a bookstore in Brazil, there's nothing. You're not gonna

2195
02:00:30,880 --> 02:00:31,479
find anything.

2196
02:00:31,600 --> 02:00:33,359
Speaker 2: And yeah, I have the same thing.

2197
02:00:33,600 --> 02:00:36,920
Speaker 1: Yeah have you you haven't want the what you haven't

2198
02:00:36,960 --> 02:00:40,039
been to Wan Fernandez Islands, have you? No?

2199
02:00:40,159 --> 02:00:41,920
Speaker 3: No, that's no. I wish.

2200
02:00:42,159 --> 02:00:44,199
Speaker 2: This is one of my dreams. I have a friend

2201
02:00:44,279 --> 02:00:47,600
that went there. Man, it's crazy. We have so many

2202
02:00:48,000 --> 02:00:53,159
crazy man, a weird species, giant gunera, like a lot

2203
02:00:53,199 --> 02:00:57,800
of over there, a lot of mirtasi trees that dominate.

2204
02:00:58,920 --> 02:01:02,199
It's crazy, like huge, also huge assis.

2205
02:01:03,880 --> 02:01:05,520
Speaker 3: I think this is common in islands.

2206
02:01:05,560 --> 02:01:09,319
Speaker 1: You know, Oh there's over there gunner is that I

2207
02:01:09,359 --> 02:01:11,479
wonder if that's an endemic. I think it is.

2208
02:01:11,840 --> 02:01:14,359
Speaker 3: Then almost everything that grows there is endemic.

2209
02:01:14,439 --> 02:01:18,399
Speaker 2: It's crazy. You believe they have a record in Confernandez.

2210
02:01:19,640 --> 02:01:23,000
It's like I think by square meter. I think it's

2211
02:01:23,119 --> 02:01:26,000
one of the most bioleverse places because they say the

2212
02:01:26,079 --> 02:01:29,439
island was much bigger in the past, so it has

2213
02:01:29,520 --> 02:01:33,399
been shrinking, so the so the biodiversity has been like

2214
02:01:33,800 --> 02:01:34,760
compacted together.

2215
02:01:34,880 --> 02:01:39,920
Speaker 1: You know, there's Dicksonia's, there's tree ferns, dendroceris, little realis

2216
02:01:40,159 --> 02:01:43,640
was a weird it's that orange flower probably bird pollinated.

2217
02:01:43,720 --> 02:01:47,760
Speaker 2: Yeah, remember, like that's the more emblematic one because like

2218
02:01:47,880 --> 02:01:50,159
on the verge of being extinguished, you know.

2219
02:01:50,439 --> 02:01:52,239
Speaker 1: I mean you can buy it in cultivation in the

2220
02:01:52,239 --> 02:01:54,720
Bay Area of California. Now it's a it's a chickory,

2221
02:01:54,800 --> 02:01:56,560
but it's a giant one, you know, because these little

2222
02:01:56,600 --> 02:01:59,880
herbs get to islands where they don't have any herbivores

2223
02:02:00,239 --> 02:02:00,840
and they can.

2224
02:02:00,720 --> 02:02:04,000
Speaker 2: Get big, like yeah, get it, get huge, right yeah.

2225
02:02:04,079 --> 02:02:06,479
Speaker 1: Selection allows them to just get huge. It's like a

2226
02:02:06,560 --> 02:02:13,199
typical trade of of island biogeography for plants around Ochagavia

2227
02:02:13,239 --> 02:02:15,880
Elegance Merk, Eugenia Fernandeziana.

2228
02:02:18,760 --> 02:02:22,439
Speaker 3: I have a field guide of the I will send

2229
02:02:22,439 --> 02:02:23,119
it to you.

2230
02:02:23,119 --> 02:02:25,159
Speaker 1: You can go. I mean you can go there too, right,

2231
02:02:25,199 --> 02:02:27,239
Like there's flight I saw there's like flights and ship

2232
02:02:27,279 --> 02:02:28,039
like it's like, yeah.

2233
02:02:27,960 --> 02:02:30,199
Speaker 2: Yeah, you can go there, no problem. Yeah, there's the

2234
02:02:30,279 --> 02:02:34,600
flights there, there's a boat they go there. Yeah. But

2235
02:02:34,760 --> 02:02:36,840
most the people that go there, it is like for

2236
02:02:37,079 --> 02:02:40,279
scientific I mean my friends that have went there for

2237
02:02:40,479 --> 02:02:42,560
scientific research and stuff like that, you.

2238
02:02:42,520 --> 02:02:45,760
Speaker 1: Know yeah yeah yeah, so they're like and it's.

2239
02:02:45,680 --> 02:02:48,840
Speaker 2: So stupid man. And then in the Confernandos, the exotic

2240
02:02:49,760 --> 02:02:55,439
plants there are straying everything are native Chilean plants, you know, crazy.

2241
02:02:55,159 --> 02:02:58,039
Speaker 1: Oh the ones I want, like the invasives and want Fernandez.

2242
02:02:59,199 --> 02:03:02,119
Speaker 3: Yeah, a lot of them are native Chilian plants.

2243
02:03:02,479 --> 02:03:08,880
Speaker 2: They took their Jesus and and the rabbits are so

2244
02:03:09,000 --> 02:03:10,399
are fucking everything.

2245
02:03:10,720 --> 02:03:14,600
Speaker 1: Yeah, that's the fucking rabbits. Why would you bring rabbits man.

2246
02:03:15,119 --> 02:03:18,039
Speaker 2: Because you can eat them? I understand that. Why would

2247
02:03:18,079 --> 02:03:22,079
you take you somewhere free food?

2248
02:03:22,560 --> 02:03:26,439
Speaker 1: Yeah? Yeah, they are eighty anthem Chileans. You know that fern, right,

2249
02:03:28,239 --> 02:03:31,039
the tree fern. No, it's a it's a little fern,

2250
02:03:31,079 --> 02:03:33,000
but it's it's like a little maidenhair, but it's like

2251
02:03:33,000 --> 02:03:35,319
a Xeric. It's like a Xeric maidenair. It's like a

2252
02:03:35,439 --> 02:03:39,399
drought tolerant maidenhair with these really incredible yellow undersides.

2253
02:03:40,439 --> 02:03:45,720
Speaker 2: Oh yeah, it's really nice, ye call them yeah on

2254
02:03:45,760 --> 02:03:46,239
the bottom.

2255
02:03:46,760 --> 02:03:48,680
Speaker 1: Yeah, that was That was another cool one to see.

2256
02:03:48,720 --> 02:03:50,520
All right, well, I guess I'll let you go now.

2257
02:03:50,560 --> 02:03:55,520
I really appreciate the time, thanks Manarah. Yeah, is there

2258
02:03:55,560 --> 02:03:57,560
anything else? Is there anything else you want to talk about?

2259
02:03:57,640 --> 02:04:01,159
And you're how can people find you on the intergram?

2260
02:04:01,159 --> 02:04:03,199
It's Atlas dot Nativa.

2261
02:04:03,760 --> 02:04:07,800
Speaker 2: Yeah, at last dot not you. That's the instagram we are.

2262
02:04:07,960 --> 02:04:08,319
Speaker 3: Well.

2263
02:04:08,359 --> 02:04:12,560
Speaker 2: This year we will launch a lot new guides. Actually

2264
02:04:12,840 --> 02:04:17,319
I'm doing a guide of the Enemy of the Exotic

2265
02:04:17,680 --> 02:04:19,479
I mean urban trees that we have in Chile and

2266
02:04:19,520 --> 02:04:22,479
it's crazy, man, like ninety percent of the species are

2267
02:04:24,000 --> 02:04:25,920
I guess this is everywhere, but I think it Chila

2268
02:04:26,000 --> 02:04:29,640
is even worse. Like in Santiago. You get so little

2269
02:04:29,760 --> 02:04:33,159
native trees that are planted that are part of the landscaping.

2270
02:04:33,720 --> 02:04:35,600
If you have been around the world, I think this

2271
02:04:35,720 --> 02:04:39,079
is it's like this everywhere, right.

2272
02:04:38,960 --> 02:04:42,079
Speaker 1: It is wild. Yeah, it's like this human urge that like,

2273
02:04:42,159 --> 02:04:44,960
oh no, we can't use what's growing here already, we

2274
02:04:45,000 --> 02:04:47,960
need something exotic, which is like but then there's the

2275
02:04:48,000 --> 02:04:51,000
ship you plant this all garbage. It's like already in

2276
02:04:51,439 --> 02:04:54,279
hortoric culture. I call them, yeah, the horticultural atrocities where

2277
02:04:54,680 --> 02:04:57,760
the natives, the natives you have don't grow anywhere else,

2278
02:04:57,800 --> 02:05:00,359
and they're so fucking incredible. I quick pretend think you're

2279
02:05:00,399 --> 02:05:03,760
somewhere else, you know, Like I did see a lot

2280
02:05:03,760 --> 02:05:07,840
of kilaha and Cryptocarria alba, and.

2281
02:05:08,880 --> 02:05:14,359
Speaker 2: These are the common, common native ones. There's many reasons.

2282
02:05:14,359 --> 02:05:18,359
I mean, they grow slow, obviously, but also a lot

2283
02:05:18,359 --> 02:05:20,560
of native chile and flora doesn't.

2284
02:05:21,720 --> 02:05:24,600
Speaker 3: Like it die off with the with the pollution. You

2285
02:05:24,680 --> 02:05:25,359
cannot stand it.

2286
02:05:26,279 --> 02:05:30,199
Speaker 1: The fucking car thing is yeah, that's I wonder how much.

2287
02:05:30,640 --> 02:05:34,399
Speaker 2: People people love, people love Acasia albada.

2288
02:05:35,600 --> 02:05:41,039
Speaker 1: That's one of the worst. That's terrible. Yeah, man, plant,

2289
02:05:41,319 --> 02:05:43,960
But then you got a cavan and the all the

2290
02:05:44,000 --> 02:05:46,840
cooled senna, like the native senna's there.

2291
02:05:46,760 --> 02:05:49,600
Speaker 2: Like they grow they grow slow, you know, I mean

2292
02:05:49,640 --> 02:05:51,640
the senna, I don't know how fast it grows, but

2293
02:05:51,920 --> 02:05:55,920
like Kelly Cavin, grows really slow, so people and it

2294
02:05:56,000 --> 02:05:59,800
has spines, so people just don't like it. In Santiago,

2295
02:06:00,199 --> 02:06:03,119
it's especially worse. They did a study. I think it's

2296
02:06:03,399 --> 02:06:06,720
an eighty five percent of the plant of the trees

2297
02:06:06,760 --> 02:06:10,079
are exotic. Yeah, because for example, in the south of Chile,

2298
02:06:10,239 --> 02:06:14,279
you do see a lot more native trees in the streets.

2299
02:06:14,039 --> 02:06:17,920
Speaker 1: You know, yeah, yeah, the t yeah, the Tricho serious

2300
02:06:18,000 --> 02:06:20,439
Chilo ancestor Lucos steely whatever they're calling. And now I

2301
02:06:20,439 --> 02:06:22,840
mean I think is like that's that crew there that's

2302
02:06:22,840 --> 02:06:26,000
like a native Santiago plant. I'm surprised they don't And

2303
02:06:26,039 --> 02:06:29,359
they're beautiful. When that flower, they're fucking huge, like huge flowers, Like,

2304
02:06:29,359 --> 02:06:34,000
I'm surprised they don't plant those more commonly in I'm

2305
02:06:34,039 --> 02:06:35,920
hoping it's change though, Like maybe I'll go back and

2306
02:06:36,199 --> 02:06:36,760
you know what.

2307
02:06:36,680 --> 02:06:42,720
Speaker 2: It's the part at least the government is changing a lot.

2308
02:06:42,840 --> 02:06:46,640
Speaker 3: They're doing a lot of like Miawauqi forest, you.

2309
02:06:46,560 --> 02:06:49,199
Speaker 2: Know, yeah, this kind of first. Yeah, they're doing a

2310
02:06:49,199 --> 02:06:51,800
lot of these kind of forest finance by the steak,

2311
02:06:52,359 --> 02:06:56,079
especially in Santiago. So yeah, now nowadays you can see

2312
02:06:56,079 --> 02:06:59,199
a change very slow, but you can anyways, you can

2313
02:06:59,239 --> 02:07:02,399
see a change in new parts and this kind of stuff.

2314
02:07:02,439 --> 02:07:05,239
They do put a lot of more native species, you know,

2315
02:07:05,600 --> 02:07:10,680
and especially because there's no water left, so it's also

2316
02:07:10,760 --> 02:07:13,239
like a strategic measure, you know, like we need trees

2317
02:07:13,319 --> 02:07:16,079
that we don't have to put water every day on it,

2318
02:07:16,119 --> 02:07:16,319
you know.

2319
02:07:16,520 --> 02:07:19,079
Speaker 1: Yeah, but I think especially too, it's so important to

2320
02:07:19,119 --> 02:07:21,720
connect people back to the land that they live on

2321
02:07:21,840 --> 02:07:25,159
and the things that evolve there over hundreds of thousands

2322
02:07:25,199 --> 02:07:29,279
of years. You know. That's yeah. So and changing the shift,

2323
02:07:29,920 --> 02:07:33,560
changing the focus on plants from is it medicinal? Is

2324
02:07:33,560 --> 02:07:37,439
it edible? Is it pretty? Whatever? That means too? Is

2325
02:07:37,479 --> 02:07:40,159
it native here? How is it related to the soil,

2326
02:07:40,239 --> 02:07:45,079
the climate, the geology, the pollinators, the insects, the life here?

2327
02:07:45,119 --> 02:07:48,359
Like the living machine is the local biosphere? Like that's

2328
02:07:48,359 --> 02:07:51,479
what we need to shift our focus from. And that's

2329
02:07:51,520 --> 02:07:53,720
the same reason I used to hate botanic gardens because

2330
02:07:53,720 --> 02:07:55,880
the ones I grew up with in Chicago on the

2331
02:07:55,880 --> 02:08:00,680
East Coast were like the bard Rich housewife. Botanic are like.

2332
02:08:01,079 --> 02:08:05,239
Speaker 5: My husband's a family law attorney and I need something

2333
02:08:05,279 --> 02:08:08,800
to do. Well, my husband's at work and the kids

2334
02:08:08,800 --> 02:08:10,279
are at school, so I go to you know, and

2335
02:08:10,279 --> 02:08:13,199
then it's like, you know, and so that was the

2336
02:08:13,279 --> 02:08:15,079
and it's like, oh, that's like we played the garden

2337
02:08:15,119 --> 02:08:16,600
bed with one hundred of the same.

2338
02:08:16,399 --> 02:08:20,239
Speaker 1: Flower because it's colorful and there's no connection to anything else,

2339
02:08:20,279 --> 02:08:22,000
Like you don't have any connection to the land, there's

2340
02:08:22,039 --> 02:08:23,560
no you know what I mean.

2341
02:08:23,640 --> 02:08:27,000
Speaker 2: And so yeah, and I think also it's part of us,

2342
02:08:27,000 --> 02:08:30,199
our story, you know, like all the indigenous people use

2343
02:08:30,279 --> 02:08:34,800
these trees. They absolutely the common names for it. And

2344
02:08:34,840 --> 02:08:38,880
it's what makes every space, i mean, every spot on

2345
02:08:39,399 --> 02:08:43,520
the world like a special your native flora, and that

2346
02:08:43,760 --> 02:08:48,800
gave you, gives you identity. It's so important to have

2347
02:08:48,920 --> 02:08:52,479
a relations with that instead of something that has nothing

2348
02:08:52,520 --> 02:08:54,720
to do with your history. I think that's as really

2349
02:08:56,039 --> 02:08:59,079
it gives you a purpose of living, you know, like us,

2350
02:08:59,119 --> 02:09:03,439
like we're through plants, you know, like it's it can

2351
02:09:03,479 --> 02:09:06,199
be not only like a hobby, it can be a lifestyle,

2352
02:09:06,279 --> 02:09:09,920
you know, be in touch with your with your local biome.

2353
02:09:10,359 --> 02:09:14,319
Speaker 1: Yeah. Absolutely, yeah. Plants define place like nothing else does,

2354
02:09:15,000 --> 02:09:17,159
you know, especially in an age where like you can

2355
02:09:17,199 --> 02:09:21,520
go to a shitty big box store outside of Santiago,

2356
02:09:21,600 --> 02:09:23,079
or you can go to a shitty big box store

2357
02:09:23,119 --> 02:09:26,039
outside of Houston and it's got the same feel. It's

2358
02:09:26,039 --> 02:09:28,960
like just depressing consumerism. But then when you see the

2359
02:09:29,000 --> 02:09:31,960
plants there that are unique to that area, you know,

2360
02:09:32,000 --> 02:09:35,279
and how that biosphere evolved in that place over time,

2361
02:09:35,319 --> 02:09:39,279
it's it's so it's so unique and special. And everyone

2362
02:09:39,399 --> 02:09:41,880
is different, you know, each each of these regions is different.

2363
02:09:41,960 --> 02:09:44,239
So well, thank you.

2364
02:09:44,199 --> 02:09:48,159
Speaker 2: Man, Yo, you're welcome. You're welcome to a pleasure to

2365
02:09:48,359 --> 02:09:52,640
talk with you. And I don't know, I hope you

2366
02:09:52,760 --> 02:09:54,800
come again to Chile soon.

2367
02:09:54,840 --> 02:09:58,239
Speaker 1: I'll be back, man, I'll be back probably probably next

2368
02:09:58,319 --> 02:10:00,079
year or some all right, man, have a good and

2369
02:10:00,199 --> 02:10:01,239
have a good Michael Thinker

2370
02:10:01,359 --> 02:10:03,119
Speaker 2: Okay, all right, see you bye,