WEBVTT 1 00:00:02.200 --> 00:00:05.200 Crack and open a cold Sadi pop. You ready for this? 2 00:00:04.799 --> 00:00:06.960 This is a fun one, this is a weird one. 3 00:00:07.120 --> 00:00:10.119 It's an audiobook mixtape for you. Let's get into it. 4 00:00:10.199 --> 00:00:13.759 Oh hey, it's the librarian who smells like vanilla extract 5 00:00:13.800 --> 00:00:17.120 and never judges you for your queries. Ali ward and 6 00:00:17.440 --> 00:00:19.760 come take a seat fireside for this. This is our 7 00:00:19.760 --> 00:00:23.559 third ever audio book mixtape, wherein we read you excerpts 8 00:00:23.600 --> 00:00:27.039 from books written by beloved ologists that you already know. 9 00:00:27.320 --> 00:00:30.280 So the holidays are upon us. Gift lists are full 10 00:00:30.320 --> 00:00:33.880 of bullshit, so maybe get a loved one. The magic 11 00:00:33.960 --> 00:00:37.079 of knowledge, perhaps about how to build a bathouse, or 12 00:00:37.240 --> 00:00:41.520 indigenous thoughts on animal crossings if you have ADHD, the 13 00:00:41.600 --> 00:00:45.119 flies that make your birthday cake even better, strapping machines 14 00:00:45.119 --> 00:00:47.640 to your brain, the dark secrets that America is built on, 15 00:00:47.960 --> 00:00:51.240 and how to cultivate hope for the future. But before 16 00:00:51.399 --> 00:00:54.320 we crack the spine of these impressive works of nonfiction, 17 00:00:54.719 --> 00:00:57.799 just a quick caution for Apple podcast users. So I 18 00:00:57.840 --> 00:01:01.840 just foind out that the new iOS seventeen update unsubscribes 19 00:01:01.920 --> 00:01:04.359 people if they haven't listened to an episode in more 20 00:01:04.400 --> 00:01:06.799 than two weeks, So please make sure that you hit 21 00:01:06.920 --> 00:01:09.560 the follow button next to ologies or else you're going 22 00:01:09.599 --> 00:01:11.359 to miss on some real quality stuff that we got 23 00:01:11.359 --> 00:01:14.439 coming around, So tell your friends. Also, if you'd like 24 00:01:14.480 --> 00:01:16.120 to become a patron, sign up for as little as 25 00:01:16.120 --> 00:01:18.480 a buck a month at patreon dot com slash ologies, 26 00:01:18.519 --> 00:01:21.599 you can submit questions for ologists. We also have discussion 27 00:01:21.599 --> 00:01:23.560 threads every week that I chime in on. You can 28 00:01:23.599 --> 00:01:27.040 also support the show with ologies merch at Ologiesmarch dot com, 29 00:01:27.200 --> 00:01:29.599 or by leaving us a review such as this new 30 00:01:29.760 --> 00:01:33.200 wet winged one from Liz Fan sixty seven, who wrote 31 00:01:33.400 --> 00:01:37.760 dlight Ology. I present as a grumpy, unwashed, fifty six 32 00:01:37.879 --> 00:01:41.280 year old sis, straight white male, but this show brings 33 00:01:41.319 --> 00:01:44.319 out my inner rainbow butterfly and I flit about giggling 34 00:01:44.400 --> 00:01:46.719 the whole time I listen. So informative, is so funny, 35 00:01:46.760 --> 00:01:50.120 absolutely adorable. Liz Fan sixty seven, You've never looked better. 36 00:01:50.519 --> 00:01:52.680 Thank you very much for that and everyone who left reviews. 37 00:01:52.680 --> 00:01:54.560 And again, if you listen on Apple, make sure that 38 00:01:54.599 --> 00:01:57.680 you stay subscribed, check that button. It really matters a lot. 39 00:01:57.719 --> 00:01:58.200 In a lot of. 40 00:01:58.159 --> 00:02:01.560 Podcasters, quite frankly, are pissed about this update because people 41 00:02:01.640 --> 00:02:04.920 are missing episodes, So spread the word Okay. I love 42 00:02:05.159 --> 00:02:08.080 making these appetizer platter of books for you. 43 00:02:08.439 --> 00:02:10.479 So onto this wonderful milage. 44 00:02:10.080 --> 00:02:13.840 Of book excerpts to what your appetite, fill your shopping list, 45 00:02:13.919 --> 00:02:15.199 and expand your brain a little bit. 46 00:02:15.199 --> 00:02:17.599 As I read some to you with my mouth, It's 47 00:02:17.639 --> 00:02:18.879 like I'm reading a book. 48 00:02:19.120 --> 00:02:42.280 Tuck in and open your ears for audiobook mixtape number three. Okay, 49 00:02:42.319 --> 00:02:44.879 this first one is from an episode that was clearly 50 00:02:45.360 --> 00:02:49.439 fascinating in its transparency and intrigue. So what if you 51 00:02:49.439 --> 00:02:53.800 could cruise through life and subway turnstiles without anyone detecting you? 52 00:02:54.159 --> 00:02:57.080 How far are we from that? And can it happen soon? 53 00:02:57.240 --> 00:02:59.520 So that I can be a stowaway on a first 54 00:02:59.560 --> 00:03:02.159 class flo to an island. Get a gander at the 55 00:03:02.159 --> 00:03:06.000 writing of our Invisible Photology guest doctor Greggebor, who wrote 56 00:03:06.039 --> 00:03:09.639 the twenty twenty three book Invisibility, The History and Science 57 00:03:09.800 --> 00:03:12.319 of How Not To Be Seen, So he chose this 58 00:03:12.439 --> 00:03:15.240 nippet for me to read. Okay. The announcement in the 59 00:03:15.319 --> 00:03:18.400 year two thousand of a perfect lens made of artificial 60 00:03:18.439 --> 00:03:22.080 materials not found in nature, now called mena materials could 61 00:03:22.080 --> 00:03:26.000 be said to mark an entirely new era in optical physics. 62 00:03:26.439 --> 00:03:31.199 For the entire history of natural inquiry, scientists and natural 63 00:03:31.199 --> 00:03:34.439 philosophers had been asking what is light and what can 64 00:03:34.520 --> 00:03:38.639 light do? With the introduction of meta materials, researchers were 65 00:03:38.680 --> 00:03:42.120 now asking how can we make light do whatever we 66 00:03:42.199 --> 00:03:45.520 wanted to do. Many of the rules that optical scientists 67 00:03:45.719 --> 00:03:48.639 had labored under for years now turned out to be 68 00:03:49.400 --> 00:03:53.199 more like guidelines. This naturally led many researchers to wonder 69 00:03:53.560 --> 00:03:57.000 what else can we do with such materials. One answer, 70 00:03:57.039 --> 00:04:01.000 as we now see, was design a cloak of invisibility. 71 00:04:01.840 --> 00:04:05.400 So that was from doctor Greg Goebor's Invisibility The History 72 00:04:05.439 --> 00:04:09.080 and Science of How Not to Be Seen, and unlike 73 00:04:09.120 --> 00:04:12.520 its topic, you can see and buy this book. I'll 74 00:04:12.560 --> 00:04:15.520 do that now if only a moose could lope into 75 00:04:15.759 --> 00:04:19.720 a bass Pro shop and buy an invisibility cloak. Although, honestly, 76 00:04:20.279 --> 00:04:23.560 when it comes to cars and collisions, some wildlife does 77 00:04:23.600 --> 00:04:27.439 not need invisibility tech because we're watching tiktoks as we drive. 78 00:04:27.680 --> 00:04:29.920 So we had a recent episode on Roadkill with author 79 00:04:30.000 --> 00:04:33.680 Ben Goldfarb, who wrote Eager, which is your favorite book 80 00:04:33.759 --> 00:04:37.040 about the beaver, and his new one is called Crossings. 81 00:04:37.279 --> 00:04:40.120 How roade ecology is shaping the future of our planet. 82 00:04:40.279 --> 00:04:41.160 And we got to talk to him a. 83 00:04:41.160 --> 00:04:43.519 Few weeks ago, but we missed so much of what's 84 00:04:43.519 --> 00:04:44.839 in his book. So I'm going to read you a 85 00:04:44.879 --> 00:04:49.639 little bit about bears, boneyards, how roads bisected wetlands, how 86 00:04:49.639 --> 00:04:53.879 dedicated passages are helping, and how this man started researching 87 00:04:54.399 --> 00:04:58.120 and describing and smelling roadkill as a job, he writes. 88 00:04:59.000 --> 00:05:02.480 My own introduction to rhodocology came in twenty thirteen, the 89 00:05:02.560 --> 00:05:05.279 year that I embarked on a trip across the continent 90 00:05:05.360 --> 00:05:09.000 to write about an extraordinary scheme called the Yellowstone to 91 00:05:09.160 --> 00:05:14.600 Yukon Conservation Initiative. The goal of Yellowstone to Yukon, or 92 00:05:14.800 --> 00:05:18.759 Why to Why is boggling Its advocates envision and network 93 00:05:18.839 --> 00:05:23.160 of connected habitats that would permit animals to wander unhindered 94 00:05:23.439 --> 00:05:26.759 along the spine of the Rockies, a region that spans 95 00:05:27.040 --> 00:05:32.199 five American states and four Canadian provinces and territories. Such 96 00:05:32.199 --> 00:05:36.360 a corridor would preserve migration routes for elk and caribou, 97 00:05:36.839 --> 00:05:41.480 permit far ranging creatures such as wolves to mingle and mate, 98 00:05:41.680 --> 00:05:46.519 and help sensitive animals like woolverraines flee northward as climate 99 00:05:46.600 --> 00:05:50.959 change nips at their heels. The initiative's emblem is the grizzly, 100 00:05:51.160 --> 00:05:54.560 whose expansive requirements make it a useful proxy for other 101 00:05:54.600 --> 00:05:57.800 forms of life. An ecosystem that can support bearers is 102 00:05:57.879 --> 00:06:01.720 probably healthy enough for everyone else. To the uninitiated, it 103 00:06:01.800 --> 00:06:06.959 sounded far fetched. Soon after Yellowstone to Yukon's inception, the 104 00:06:07.000 --> 00:06:10.920 West Wing peried it as the Wolve's only roadway, the 105 00:06:11.000 --> 00:06:14.839 vanity project of humorless tree huggers who get left out 106 00:06:14.839 --> 00:06:17.680 of the White House. But the show's writers, like most 107 00:06:17.680 --> 00:06:21.360 of Wide o Wi's critics, misunderstood the concept. Why do 108 00:06:21.439 --> 00:06:25.839 I wasn't a discreete pathway. It was a continental jigsaw 109 00:06:26.240 --> 00:06:29.879 riddled with missing pieces, most of them at the fragile 110 00:06:30.000 --> 00:06:34.319 margins where wild lands and settlements collided. The mission of 111 00:06:34.360 --> 00:06:37.160 Wide to Wye and its many partners was to plug 112 00:06:37.160 --> 00:06:40.759 those holes to help bearers and other animals safely navigate 113 00:06:40.800 --> 00:06:45.399 the rockies without running a foul of humans. In British Columbia, 114 00:06:45.439 --> 00:06:49.600 I toured protected grain fields that grizzlies used to commute 115 00:06:49.639 --> 00:06:53.639 between mountain ranges at night. In Montana, I sniffed offal 116 00:06:53.959 --> 00:06:57.959 in an electric fenced paddock where ranchers were composting their 117 00:06:58.000 --> 00:07:02.240 dead cows rather than permitting them to fester in bare, 118 00:07:02.519 --> 00:07:07.879 enticing boneyards. Few travelers human or ursine can resist fast food, 119 00:07:08.319 --> 00:07:13.480 Yet Wideawi's deepest cuts remained mostly unhealed. The region was 120 00:07:13.600 --> 00:07:18.160 riven by enough numbered roads to Fillisidoku puzzle I ninety 121 00:07:18.240 --> 00:07:21.000 and Highway three and Highway twenty, Routes ninety five and 122 00:07:21.040 --> 00:07:26.000 forty and twelve and two twelve spiderwebbed otherwise wild lands. 123 00:07:26.319 --> 00:07:30.160 I drove highways that ended lives. I lost track of 124 00:07:30.199 --> 00:07:33.439 how many elk littered the shoulder on Crow's Nest Pass, 125 00:07:33.920 --> 00:07:38.600 and others that cleaved grizzly populations into lonely clusters. Roads 126 00:07:38.720 --> 00:07:41.959 I began to realize were not merely a symptom of civilization, 127 00:07:42.399 --> 00:07:44.079 but a distinct disease. 128 00:07:44.600 --> 00:07:45.839 Among the roads. 129 00:07:45.600 --> 00:07:49.040 Within the Wide to Wi corridors ambit was US ninety three, 130 00:07:49.360 --> 00:07:53.120 which traverses Montana on its thirteen hundred mile jaunt from 131 00:07:53.160 --> 00:07:56.920 Arizona to the Canadian border. Like so many highways, US 132 00:07:57.000 --> 00:07:59.839 ninety three had been built heedlessly in the nineteen fifties, 133 00:08:00.079 --> 00:08:04.839 plowing through wetlands, elk meadows, and a vast reservation belonging 134 00:08:04.879 --> 00:08:08.839 to the Confederated Elk Meadows and the vast reservation belonging 135 00:08:08.879 --> 00:08:12.639 to the Confederated Salish and Kutene tribes. When in the 136 00:08:12.680 --> 00:08:16.240 nineteen nineties, state and federal agencies sought to expand US 137 00:08:16.360 --> 00:08:21.279 ninety three from two lanes to four, tribal officials demanded 138 00:08:21.360 --> 00:08:25.000 the chance to provide input on the reconstruction. A wider, 139 00:08:25.279 --> 00:08:28.000 faster road might be safer for drivers, but it would 140 00:08:28.040 --> 00:08:32.799 also slaughter more deer, elk, bears, and other animals. Foundational 141 00:08:32.840 --> 00:08:35.720 to the tribe's culture, the road is a visitor. The 142 00:08:35.759 --> 00:08:39.320 tribes insisted that should respond to and be respectful of 143 00:08:39.360 --> 00:08:42.679 the land and the spirit of place. The Salish and 144 00:08:42.799 --> 00:08:46.919 Koutene flexed their legal and moral muscles, and when US 145 00:08:47.039 --> 00:08:52.480 ninety three was finally reconstructed, engineers included around forty wildlife crossings, 146 00:08:52.759 --> 00:08:57.480 a network of underpasses, tunnels, and culverts that allowed animals 147 00:08:57.519 --> 00:09:02.399 to slink beneath the highway unimpeded. Roadside fencing kept creatures 148 00:09:02.480 --> 00:09:05.919 off the highway and guided them toward the passages. The 149 00:09:06.000 --> 00:09:11.200 project's flagship structure was an elegant bridge designed principally for 150 00:09:11.279 --> 00:09:15.480 that avatar of wildness. The grizzly bear. In aerial photos. 151 00:09:15.600 --> 00:09:20.000 The overpass looked at once futuristic and anachronistic, a green 152 00:09:20.159 --> 00:09:24.799 parabola that vaulted over the highway with Middle Earthish grace. 153 00:09:25.279 --> 00:09:29.879 If roads were a disease, wildlife crossings seemed like a treatment. 154 00:09:30.799 --> 00:09:35.279 So our darling, dashing and vulnerable critters need you to 155 00:09:35.320 --> 00:09:38.480 maybe slow down, especially during this time of year when 156 00:09:38.519 --> 00:09:42.120 collisions with wildlife are most common. So be especially vigilant 157 00:09:42.120 --> 00:09:44.159 at night because you don't want animals to have a 158 00:09:44.200 --> 00:09:47.840 funeral because of you, or your relatives to have your funeral. 159 00:09:48.159 --> 00:09:50.039 Not to get too dark, but yes, you can see 160 00:09:50.039 --> 00:09:53.120 the road Ecology episode for more. So let's move along 161 00:09:53.320 --> 00:09:56.440 to two kid friendly books for the wee ones on 162 00:09:56.480 --> 00:09:58.559 your list. So the first comes to you from Georgia, 163 00:09:58.840 --> 00:10:02.559 written by wildlife biologist mister Al Troutman, who you may 164 00:10:02.559 --> 00:10:05.480 have heard in twenty twenties Black af in stem episode 165 00:10:05.519 --> 00:10:09.200 about black Birders Week, and Al has written numerous field 166 00:10:09.240 --> 00:10:16.679 guides for kids and adults of places like Wisconsin, Massachusetts, Florida, Michigan, Minnesota, Colorado, 167 00:10:16.799 --> 00:10:20.440 New York, and now Georgia. So Al Alex is just 168 00:10:20.480 --> 00:10:25.000 a wonderful guy. He's hilarious and kind and a dedicated 169 00:10:25.080 --> 00:10:27.960 nature nerd with a really warm heart. And his latest 170 00:10:27.960 --> 00:10:30.559 release is just a few months old, Critters of Georgia 171 00:10:30.679 --> 00:10:35.000 Pocket Guide to Animals in your State, which features photos 172 00:10:35.039 --> 00:10:37.840 and really fascinating info of local fauna. So here's a 173 00:10:37.879 --> 00:10:40.720 bit from that which I think you will like, he writes. 174 00:10:41.200 --> 00:10:43.399 My passion for nature started when I was young. I 175 00:10:43.480 --> 00:10:46.639 was always amazed by the sunlit fiery glow of the 176 00:10:46.679 --> 00:10:49.120 red tailed hawks as a sword overhead when I went 177 00:10:49.159 --> 00:10:52.000 fishing with my family. The red tailed hawk was my 178 00:10:52.080 --> 00:10:55.200 spark bird, the bird that captures your attention and gets 179 00:10:55.240 --> 00:10:58.519 you into birding. Through many encounters with red tailed hawks 180 00:10:58.559 --> 00:11:01.679 and other species like garter's aches and coyotes, I found 181 00:11:01.759 --> 00:11:05.679 a passion for nature and the environment. Stumbling across conservationists 182 00:11:05.720 --> 00:11:09.200 like Steve Irwin and Jeff Corwin and Jack Hannah introduced 183 00:11:09.200 --> 00:11:12.000 me to the field of wildlife biology as a career 184 00:11:12.279 --> 00:11:14.320 and gave birth to a dream that I was to 185 00:11:14.360 --> 00:11:17.759 accomplish and live out, serving as a fish and wildlife 186 00:11:17.759 --> 00:11:21.799 biologist for government agencies as well as in the private sector. 187 00:11:22.320 --> 00:11:25.080 My childhood dream was driven by a desire to learn 188 00:11:25.120 --> 00:11:28.000 more about the different types of ecosystems and the animals 189 00:11:28.159 --> 00:11:32.080 that call our wild places home. Books and field guides 190 00:11:32.120 --> 00:11:34.960 like this wet my thirst for knowledge. Even before I 191 00:11:34.960 --> 00:11:37.320 could fully understand the words on the pages, I was 192 00:11:37.399 --> 00:11:40.039 drawn to books and flash cards that had animals on them. 193 00:11:40.240 --> 00:11:42.879 I could soon identify every animal I was shown and. 194 00:11:42.799 --> 00:11:43.679 Tell a fact about it. 195 00:11:44.039 --> 00:11:46.080 I hope that this edition of Crutters of Georgia can 196 00:11:46.120 --> 00:11:48.960 be the fuel that sustains your passion for not only 197 00:11:49.039 --> 00:11:51.440 learning about wildlife, but also for caring for the environment 198 00:11:51.519 --> 00:11:53.840 and making sure that all are welcome in the outdoors. 199 00:11:54.279 --> 00:11:56.759 For others, May this book be the spark that ignites 200 00:11:56.759 --> 00:12:01.399 a flame for wildlife preservation and environmental stewardship. I hope 201 00:12:01.440 --> 00:12:05.039 that this book inspires children from lower socioeconomic and minority 202 00:12:05.039 --> 00:12:08.080 backgrounds to pursue their dreams to the fullest and be 203 00:12:08.279 --> 00:12:12.399 unapologetically themselves. By a profession, I'm a fish and wildlife biologist, 204 00:12:12.600 --> 00:12:15.879 and I'm a nature enthusiast through and through my love 205 00:12:15.919 --> 00:12:18.399 for nature includes making sure that everyone has an equal 206 00:12:18.399 --> 00:12:21.000 opportunity to enjoy the outdoors in their own way. So 207 00:12:21.120 --> 00:12:23.039 as you use this book, I encourage you to be 208 00:12:23.080 --> 00:12:26.399 intentional in inviting others to appreciate nature with you, enjoy 209 00:12:26.519 --> 00:12:30.519 your discoveries, and stay curious Alex Trautman, he writes of Georgia, 210 00:12:30.960 --> 00:12:34.559 Georgia is famous for its warm climate, rich history, and 211 00:12:34.600 --> 00:12:38.360 its many peach orchards. For more than twelve thousand years, 212 00:12:38.559 --> 00:12:41.159 Georgia has been home to many groups of indigenous people, 213 00:12:41.399 --> 00:12:44.600 from the Paleo Indian period twelve thousand to eight thousand 214 00:12:44.639 --> 00:12:49.559 years ago to familiar groups such as the Cherokee, the Creek, Chicksaw, Choctaw, 215 00:12:49.840 --> 00:12:53.320 the Appalachi, and many others. The first Europeans to visit 216 00:12:53.360 --> 00:12:57.279 Georgia were Spanish conquistra doors, including Hernando Jisoto, who visited 217 00:12:57.360 --> 00:13:01.320 in fifteen forty. The British named Georgia as a colony 218 00:13:01.360 --> 00:13:04.519 in seventeen thirty two, making it one of the original 219 00:13:04.600 --> 00:13:07.840 thirteen colonies. It was named for the king at the time, 220 00:13:08.200 --> 00:13:12.480 King George the Second. After the Revolutionary War, Georgia became 221 00:13:12.559 --> 00:13:16.000 an American state, and the US government forcibly removed many 222 00:13:16.039 --> 00:13:19.200 of the indigenous people on the Trail of Tiers, a 223 00:13:19.360 --> 00:13:24.240 forced march to reservations in Oklahoma without adequate food or clothing, 224 00:13:24.799 --> 00:13:28.080 leading to the death of thousands of people. Georgia was 225 00:13:28.159 --> 00:13:30.480 later the site of many important events in US history, 226 00:13:30.720 --> 00:13:34.399 from famous Civil War battles to the Civil Rights movement, 227 00:13:34.679 --> 00:13:38.000 and today the state is well known for high tech industries, 228 00:13:38.440 --> 00:13:42.559 as a popular filming location, and of course, for its agriculture. 229 00:13:43.039 --> 00:13:46.639 Georgia has several different biomes or large areas with different 230 00:13:46.679 --> 00:13:50.600 plant and animal communities. In the northwest is the Appalachian Plateau, 231 00:13:51.000 --> 00:13:53.440 which has a two thousand, three hundred and ninety foot 232 00:13:53.480 --> 00:13:56.799 tall lookout mountain. The Blue Ridge Mountains are found in 233 00:13:56.840 --> 00:13:59.639 the northeast, with the highest point being four thousand and 234 00:13:59.639 --> 00:14:02.679 seven one hundred and eighty four feet. The area also 235 00:14:02.720 --> 00:14:06.759 includes forests of poplar, oak, and hickory trees, many of 236 00:14:06.759 --> 00:14:09.600 which are covered in the creepy at cool Spanish moss. 237 00:14:09.799 --> 00:14:11.600 The southern part of the state is home to the 238 00:14:11.639 --> 00:14:16.440 Atlantic Coastal Plain with rivers, swamps, and the Atlantic Ocean. 239 00:14:16.759 --> 00:14:20.240 Georgia is home to part of the Okafanoki Swamp, one 240 00:14:20.240 --> 00:14:23.840 of the largest swamps in North America. These many types 241 00:14:23.879 --> 00:14:27.240 of environments shelter huge variety of animals and plants. The 242 00:14:27.279 --> 00:14:29.559 state is home to more than eighty different kinds of mammals, 243 00:14:29.840 --> 00:14:33.039 more than four hundred bird species, and more than one 244 00:14:33.120 --> 00:14:36.720 hundred and seventy species of reptiles and amphibians. This is 245 00:14:36.759 --> 00:14:40.399 your guide to the animals, birds, and reptiles and amphibians 246 00:14:40.440 --> 00:14:41.919 that called Georgia home. 247 00:14:42.960 --> 00:14:44.720 So that was from Critters. 248 00:14:44.320 --> 00:14:47.320 Of Georgia written by Alex Trautman, who has an incredible 249 00:14:47.360 --> 00:14:50.519 name for someone who looks at fish and mammals and 250 00:14:50.559 --> 00:14:53.519 reptiles doing his dream job. So from the wetlands and 251 00:14:53.559 --> 00:14:56.879 beaches and forests of Georgia, we head to the jungles, 252 00:14:57.039 --> 00:15:00.799 which are the focus of fieldwork for doctor Terra Stowinsky, 253 00:15:01.039 --> 00:15:03.960 who you may remember from the Gorilla Ology episode. So 254 00:15:04.000 --> 00:15:07.600 she wrote a book called The Fantastic World of Monkeys 255 00:15:07.600 --> 00:15:12.399 and Apes and more, and educational children's primate book featuring gorillas, lemurs, orangutans, babboons, 256 00:15:12.440 --> 00:15:16.159 chimpanzees and more, a Wonderful Primates book for jungle loving kids. 257 00:15:16.600 --> 00:15:19.639 And doctor Stewinsky is the president and the CEO of 258 00:15:19.679 --> 00:15:23.279 the Diane Fossey Gorilla Fund, which is a gorilla conservatory 259 00:15:23.279 --> 00:15:27.399 in Africa, and she's authored over ninety scientific publications and books. 260 00:15:27.679 --> 00:15:31.559 She cut her PhD from the Georgia Institute for Technology. 261 00:15:31.840 --> 00:15:34.279 So here some monkey and ape facts that you can 262 00:15:34.279 --> 00:15:37.440 tell your coworker over the holiday party punch ball when 263 00:15:37.440 --> 00:15:40.279 you've exhausted the topic of whether it will snow tomorrow 264 00:15:40.440 --> 00:15:43.120 or not. Here we go some fun facts. So mandrels 265 00:15:43.200 --> 00:15:46.919 are the largest monkeys and one of the most colorful primates. 266 00:15:47.159 --> 00:15:52.200 So males have vibrant colors of red, blue, and purple 267 00:15:52.399 --> 00:15:56.440 on their face, with golden yellow beards, and the more 268 00:15:56.480 --> 00:16:01.279 colorful they are, the more attractive they appear. Have also 269 00:16:02.039 --> 00:16:05.200 red and blue butts to attract mates and be more 270 00:16:05.279 --> 00:16:09.840 visible in the forests. Male mandrels will lose color as 271 00:16:09.879 --> 00:16:13.679 they lose status in social groups, which has gotta hurt. 272 00:16:13.960 --> 00:16:16.759 They're like as big as a baseball bat, but chunkier, 273 00:16:17.159 --> 00:16:19.279 and they live in the middle of the continent of Africa, 274 00:16:19.679 --> 00:16:23.159 but headed to Japan. Are Japanese macaques, and they are 275 00:16:23.200 --> 00:16:25.919 also known as snow monkeys, and they're famous for using 276 00:16:26.039 --> 00:16:29.159 hot springs to bathe and warm up when the weather 277 00:16:29.200 --> 00:16:33.639 gets cold. And young Japanese macacs they roll up snowballs 278 00:16:33.720 --> 00:16:36.399 just for fun, and then they shed their thick winter 279 00:16:36.440 --> 00:16:38.759 coat in the summer when the temperatures rise. 280 00:16:39.279 --> 00:16:40.720 Overall, though their fur is. 281 00:16:40.759 --> 00:16:44.159 Much thicker to keep them warm in snowy environments. They're 282 00:16:44.240 --> 00:16:47.360 like as big as a car tire. Moving on to bonobos. 283 00:16:47.559 --> 00:16:52.519 In chimpanzees, there are closest living relatives, but unlike chimpanzees, 284 00:16:52.919 --> 00:16:58.000 the bonobo society is matriarchal, where females are dominant over males, 285 00:16:58.440 --> 00:17:00.759 even though males are like one hundred pound and four 286 00:17:00.799 --> 00:17:04.079 feet and females were like sixty five pounds. But Pinobo's 287 00:17:04.079 --> 00:17:07.759 are capable of laughing as a display of emotion and 288 00:17:07.839 --> 00:17:10.480 playful behavior, and they have dark skin on their face 289 00:17:10.480 --> 00:17:13.079 and hands and feet. They're a little smaller than chimpanzees, 290 00:17:13.119 --> 00:17:16.160 but they have longer legs and they're more comfortable walking 291 00:17:16.240 --> 00:17:19.440 upright than chimpanzees are. They live in the Democratic Republic 292 00:17:19.480 --> 00:17:21.519 of Congo, and her book doesn't say this, but I 293 00:17:21.519 --> 00:17:24.279 hear that they're very horny. So there's a book that 294 00:17:24.359 --> 00:17:26.319 gives you a peek into what it's like to howl 295 00:17:26.359 --> 00:17:29.759 from a tree and display your butt to your family, 296 00:17:29.839 --> 00:17:33.039 and maybe eat bugs off the scalp of your best friend, 297 00:17:33.400 --> 00:17:36.079 and play around with snowballs, because as a monkey you 298 00:17:36.119 --> 00:17:38.359 get to sometimes just hang out in a spa and 299 00:17:38.400 --> 00:17:41.039 have snowball fights. How can you be a human ape? 300 00:17:41.240 --> 00:17:44.799 And play Forever. I don't know. Ask ginicular traumatology guest 301 00:17:45.200 --> 00:17:50.240 and orthopedic surgeon doctor Kevin Stone, who fixed Jarrett's shredded 302 00:17:50.279 --> 00:17:53.319 ACL a few years ago. So he's like a well 303 00:17:53.400 --> 00:17:57.000 regarded wizard of sports injuries and creaky knees. And his 304 00:17:57.200 --> 00:18:00.640 book is called Play Forever, How to Recover from Injury 305 00:18:00.720 --> 00:18:02.880 and Thrive, And he gives us kind of a gentle 306 00:18:02.920 --> 00:18:05.839 kick in the pants to stay active for fun and 307 00:18:05.920 --> 00:18:09.759 for our mental health, and also to reduce the costs 308 00:18:09.799 --> 00:18:12.680 of fixing a shredded ACL. I'm just going to lay 309 00:18:12.720 --> 00:18:15.000 down and read my book. I wish we had this 310 00:18:15.039 --> 00:18:18.000 book sooner. To be honest, let's hear some he writes 311 00:18:18.279 --> 00:18:22.400 the obvious lesson. We defeat ourselves far more often than 312 00:18:22.440 --> 00:18:26.839 our opponents defeat us. Unforced errors in tennis are not 313 00:18:26.920 --> 00:18:28.839 just the problems of novices. 314 00:18:29.160 --> 00:18:30.359 They pervade sports. 315 00:18:30.720 --> 00:18:36.160 Despite the best coaching, phenomenal physical training, fitness, vast sums 316 00:18:36.160 --> 00:18:39.319 of money, and even decades of experience, we often remain 317 00:18:39.359 --> 00:18:43.039 our own worst enemies. The patterns that serve or obstruct 318 00:18:43.079 --> 00:18:47.200 even great athletes are often learned on children's playgrounds, on 319 00:18:47.359 --> 00:18:52.160 youth teams, and through parenting. The phenomenal success of players 320 00:18:52.200 --> 00:18:56.119 such as Roger Federer, Tiger Woods, and Serena Williams are 321 00:18:56.160 --> 00:19:00.559 brought to a stop by psychological weaknesses distraction that cause 322 00:19:00.599 --> 00:19:04.160 them to lose their swing, their temper, or their confidence 323 00:19:04.400 --> 00:19:07.480 despite seeming at the top of their game. Federer, Woods, 324 00:19:07.480 --> 00:19:11.160 and Williams were coached to stunning physical success but left 325 00:19:11.319 --> 00:19:15.720 mentally exposed consistently. The one weakness that is most difficult 326 00:19:15.720 --> 00:19:20.519 to fix in athletes lies in the mind itself. Mental conditioning, 327 00:19:20.880 --> 00:19:24.759 the approach to an injury and its recovery, the overcoming 328 00:19:24.799 --> 00:19:29.240 of psychological blocks that prevent a physical superstar from being 329 00:19:29.279 --> 00:19:32.160 a winner. These are so ingrained that they remain the 330 00:19:32.240 --> 00:19:36.519 most difficult weaknesses to fix. Yet it's not impossible to change. 331 00:19:36.680 --> 00:19:39.240 We can work on these issues, and many doctors and 332 00:19:39.279 --> 00:19:42.359 mental empowerment coaches are successful at it. The first step, 333 00:19:42.680 --> 00:19:45.680 a simple but crucial one, is to understand that the 334 00:19:45.720 --> 00:19:49.519 body and mind are irrevocably linked. This does not only 335 00:19:49.559 --> 00:19:52.839 apply to competitive athletes, but to everyone, whether they're dealing 336 00:19:52.920 --> 00:19:56.759 with a changing body, playing amateur sports, or simply living. 337 00:19:57.000 --> 00:20:00.640 A brain is attached to each body. I repair this 338 00:20:00.759 --> 00:20:04.079 is obvious, but in treating the whole patient. I'm cognizant 339 00:20:04.079 --> 00:20:08.039 of the importance of mental processes as they relate to treatment. 340 00:20:08.519 --> 00:20:11.799 The mental health of an injured patient brings another dimension 341 00:20:12.079 --> 00:20:16.039 both to their healing and their ability to excel. In short, 342 00:20:16.400 --> 00:20:19.880 our daily mental health defines what our body is able 343 00:20:19.960 --> 00:20:23.519 to achieve. Naomi Osaka poignantly brought this to light in 344 00:20:23.559 --> 00:20:26.839 her refusal to undergo the ritual press conference drilling in 345 00:20:26.880 --> 00:20:30.920 the twenty twenty one French Open. Over decades of practicing medicine, 346 00:20:31.079 --> 00:20:34.799 I have identified particular mental qualities that enable people to shine, 347 00:20:34.960 --> 00:20:37.839 not just athletically, but in all they do. This is 348 00:20:37.839 --> 00:20:40.319 a good place to start this book in the unseen 349 00:20:40.480 --> 00:20:43.720 and often underappreciated aspect of fitness and health that can 350 00:20:43.799 --> 00:20:47.599 ensure you play forever and play well. These eight mental 351 00:20:47.640 --> 00:20:56.839 fitness objectives are competitiveness, grit, attention, fantasy, patience, acceptance, grace 352 00:20:57.279 --> 00:21:01.279 and kindness, and competency. While these qualities are what take 353 00:21:01.559 --> 00:21:05.599 supreme athletes to the top, they're applicable to all aspects 354 00:21:05.640 --> 00:21:07.720 of your life. So pay attention to your own mental 355 00:21:07.759 --> 00:21:11.119 game on the court or the playfield or the race course, 356 00:21:11.519 --> 00:21:14.400 and in day to day interactions at work and home. 357 00:21:14.920 --> 00:21:18.480 Strengthening each of these qualities is the cornerstone of fitness, 358 00:21:19.599 --> 00:21:22.519 so don't ignore your noggins. People Now on the topic 359 00:21:22.559 --> 00:21:25.519 of playing, but maybe in a less active way, like 360 00:21:25.559 --> 00:21:28.839 when you're done rowing for the day. Doctor Jane McGonagall 361 00:21:28.920 --> 00:21:32.000 is a lidologist and in her episode we chatted all 362 00:21:32.039 --> 00:21:35.480 about video games and what they do for our brains 363 00:21:35.759 --> 00:21:38.640 and friendships. So if you're looking for a dose of 364 00:21:38.720 --> 00:21:41.440 hope from someone who has a PhD in it, She 365 00:21:41.599 --> 00:21:44.759 recently came out with a book called Imaginable, How to 366 00:21:44.839 --> 00:21:47.640 see the future coming and feel ready for anything, even 367 00:21:47.680 --> 00:21:50.440 things that seem impossible today, and in it she writes, 368 00:21:50.839 --> 00:21:53.480 before we start your imagination training, I want to ask 369 00:21:53.519 --> 00:21:56.519 you three questions that will give you a baseline sense 370 00:21:56.640 --> 00:21:59.799 of your future mindset. Question one, when you think about 371 00:21:59.799 --> 00:22:02.640 the ten years, do you think things will mostly stay 372 00:22:02.640 --> 00:22:05.799 the same and go on as normal or do you 373 00:22:05.839 --> 00:22:09.759 expect that most of us will dramatically rethink and reinvent 374 00:22:09.799 --> 00:22:12.079 how we do things. Rate your outlook on a scale 375 00:22:12.079 --> 00:22:14.920 of one to ten. One is almost everything stays the same. 376 00:22:15.319 --> 00:22:19.480 Ten is almost everything will be dramatically different. Question number two, 377 00:22:19.640 --> 00:22:21.759 When you think about how the world and your life 378 00:22:21.759 --> 00:22:24.839 will change over the next ten years. Are you mostly 379 00:22:24.880 --> 00:22:28.440 worried or mostly optimistic? Rate your outlook on a scale 380 00:22:28.480 --> 00:22:32.000 of one to ten. One is extremely worried and ten 381 00:22:32.119 --> 00:22:35.960 is extremely optimistic. Question number three, how much control or 382 00:22:36.000 --> 00:22:39.839 influence do you feel you personally have in determining how 383 00:22:39.880 --> 00:22:42.359 the world and your life changes over the next ten years. 384 00:22:42.559 --> 00:22:44.799 Rate your outlook on a scale one to ten. One 385 00:22:44.920 --> 00:22:48.559 is almost no control or influence. Ten is almost complete 386 00:22:48.559 --> 00:22:51.960 control or influence. So these three questions give you a 387 00:22:52.000 --> 00:22:54.559 good idea of the kind of imagination training we're going 388 00:22:54.640 --> 00:22:56.599 to do in this book. In fact, each of the 389 00:22:56.680 --> 00:22:59.759 three parts of the book is specifically designed to increase 390 00:22:59.759 --> 00:23:01.759 your or on one of these questions by at least 391 00:23:01.799 --> 00:23:04.720 one point. First, we're going to focus on the opportunity 392 00:23:04.720 --> 00:23:09.279 for rethinking and reinventing. Why rethinking and reinventing, Well, it's 393 00:23:09.319 --> 00:23:12.880 easy to prepare for futures that are similar today. It's 394 00:23:12.880 --> 00:23:16.240 the dramatically different stuff that catches us off guard, so 395 00:23:16.319 --> 00:23:19.160 it's important to spend time getting ready for the futures 396 00:23:19.200 --> 00:23:24.880 that will feel stranger and less familiar. Focusing on rethinking 397 00:23:25.119 --> 00:23:27.880 and reinventing also puts us in a better position to 398 00:23:27.960 --> 00:23:31.480 help decide how the future will be different. Having lived 399 00:23:31.559 --> 00:23:34.559 through the COVID nineteen pandemic, each of us will know 400 00:23:34.880 --> 00:23:37.440 for the rest of our lives that almost anything can 401 00:23:37.519 --> 00:23:41.559