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Speaker 1: If you want to support the show and get the

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do it there. Thank you. I want to welcome everyone

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back to part two of my reading of The True

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Believer by Eric Hoffer. Let's get right into it, all right.

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The first part you could see that there was a

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lot that I did not agree with mister Hoffer. I'm

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sure we're going to get to some points that he

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makes some really good points. But let's move on, all right.

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Part three of I believe this is part three of

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chapter one, the interchangeability of mass movements. Hold on one second,

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there we go. I am ready to go. When people

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are ripe for a mass movement, they are usually ripe

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for any effective movement, and not solely for one with

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a particular doctrine or program. Where do you think he's

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gonna go? Okay? In pre Hilarian Germany, it was often

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a toss up whether a restless youth would join the

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Communists or the Nazis. It's actually true, in the overcrowded

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pale of Tsarist Russia, the simmering Jewish population was right

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both for revolution and Zionism. True, in the same family,

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one member would join the revolutionaries and the other the Zionists.

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Doctor heim Weitzmann quotes a saying of his mother in

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those days, whatever happens, I shall be well off. If

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Shimoul the revolutionary son is right, we shall be happy

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in Russia. And if Hiam the Zionist is right, then

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then I shall go live in Palestine. The receptivity of

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to all movements does not always cease, even after the

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potential true believer has become the ardent convert of a

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specific movement. Where mass movements are in violent competition with

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each other, there are not infrequent instances of converts, even

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the most zealous shifting their allegiance from one to the other.

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Assault turning into Paul is neither a rarity nor americal.

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In ourday, each proselytizing mass movement seems to regard the

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zealous adherents of its antagonist, of its antagonists as its

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own potential converts. Hitler looked on the German Communists as

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potential national socialist, putting the petite bourgeois social democrat and

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the trade union boss will never make a national socialist,

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but the communist always will. Captain Rahm boasted that he

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could turn the reddest Communists into a glowing nationalist in

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four weeks. On the other hand, Carl Raddick looked on

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the brown Nazi shirts as the essay as a reserve

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for future communist recruits. Since all mass moves and strung

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their adherence from the same types of humanity and appeal

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to the same types of minds. It follows A all

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mass movements are competitive, and the gain of one in

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adherence is the loss of all the others. B. All

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mass movements are interchangeable. One mass movement readily transforms into

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itself into another. A religious movement may develop into a

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social revolution or a nationalist movement, a social revolution into

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militant nationalism, or religious movement or a religious movement. A

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nationalist movement into a social revolution or a religious movement

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reminds me of that, Thomas says. Thomas seven seven seven

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says there is no third position. Now in the West

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or what when I say the West, I'm just talking

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about Europe and America. There's no third position. You're either

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global assuranti globalist. You're either zion asperancy zionist. That's it.

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The switching back and forth between those I don't know.

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It is rare for a mass movement to be wholly

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of one character. Usually it displays some facets of other

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types of movement, and sometimes it is two or three

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movements in one. The exodus of the Hebrews from Egypt

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was a slave revolt, a religious movement, and a nationalist movement.

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The militant nationalism of the Japanese is essentially religious. The

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French Revolution was a new religion. It had its dogmas,

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the sacred principles of the Revolution lirete es san igarite.

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It had its form of worship, an adaptive of Catholic

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ceremonial which was elaborated in connection with the civic fetis

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feats fits. It had its saints, the heroes and martyrs

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of liberty. At the same time, the French Revolution was

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also a nationalist movement. The Legislative Assembly decreed in seventeen

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ninety two that altars should be raised everywhere, bearing the

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inscription the citizen is born, lives and dies for la patri.

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The religious movements of the Reformation had a revolutionary aspect,

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which expressed itself in peasant uprisings, and were also nationalist movements,

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said Luther. In the eyes of the Italians, we Germans

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are merely low Teutonic swine. They exploit us like Charlatan's

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and suck the country to the marrow. Wake up Germany.

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The religious character of the Bolshevik and Nazi revolutions is

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generally recognized the hammer and sickle and the swastika are

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in a class with the cross. The ceremonial of their

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parades is as the ceremonial of a religious procession. They

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have articles of faith, saints, martyrs and holy sepulchers. The

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Bolshevik and Nazi revolutions are also full blown nationalist movements.

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The Nazi Revolution had been so from the beginning, while

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the nationalism of the Bolsheviks was a late deval okay

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good I agree with them there. Zionism is a nationalist

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movement and a social revolution. To the Orthodox jew it

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is also a religious movement. Irish nationalism has a deeply

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deep religious tinge. The present mass movements in Asia are

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both nationalist and revolutionary. The problem of stopping a mass

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movement is often a matter of substituting one movement for another.

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A social revolution can be stopped by promoting a religious

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or nationalist movement. Thus, in countries where Catholicism has recaptured

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its mass movement spirit, it counteracts to spread of communism.

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In Japan, it was nationalism that canalyzed all movements of

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social protest. In our South, the movement of the racial

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solidarity acts as a preventative, a preventative of social upheaval.

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A similar situation may be observed among the French in

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Canada and among the Bores in South Africa. Non anymore,

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the method of stopping one movement by well, I'm not

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going to say that, but the movement that he was

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talking about at this time, the method of stopping one

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movement by substituting another, for it is not always without

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danger and it does not usually come cheap. It is

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well for those who hug the present and wants to

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preserve it, as it is not to play with mass movements.

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So that's I think that's an important sentence right there.

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It is well for those who hug the present and

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wants to preserve it as it is not to play

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with mass movements. So if you see, if you see

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our guys like on social media on Twitter, and we're

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pushing for change, and somebody who is aligned with us,

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or I mean could be associated with us and trying

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to pump the brakes, they're trying to play gatekeeper. There's

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they are hugging. They're hugging the present and wanting to

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preserve what they have. I always look at something like

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that as a fear of loss, whereas my fear of

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loss is always in staying in what is at the

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moment the threatening to take away from me. You know,

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some people just have they have enough that some could

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get taken away and they could be perfectly fine and comfortable.

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Not everyone's like that, for it always fares ill with

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the present when a genuine mass movement is on the march.

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In pre war Italy and Germany, practical businessmen acted in

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an entirely logical manner when they encouraged a fascist and

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a Nazi movement in order to stop communism. But in

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doing so, these practical and logical people promoted their own liquidation.

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Not necessarily, there are others well. Eventually, because the world

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decided that they couldn't exist, there are other safer substitutes

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for a mass movement. In general, any arrangement with either

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discourages atomistic individualism or facilitates self forgetting, or offers chances

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for action and new beginnings tend to counteract the rise

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and spread of mass movements. These subjects are dealt with

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in later chapters. Here we shall touch upon one curious

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substitute for mass movements, namely migration. Emigration offers some of

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the things that frustrate the frustrated hope to find when

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they join a mass movement, namely change and a chance

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for a new beginning. The same types who swell the

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ranks of a rising mass movement are also likely to

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avail themselves of a chance to emigrate. Thus, migration can

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serve as a substitute for a mass movement. It is plausible,

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for instance, that had the United States and the British

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Empire welcomed mass migration from Europe after the First World War,

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there might have been neither a Fascist nor a Nazi

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revolution in this country. Free and easy migration over a

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vast continent contributed to our social stability in this country,

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Free an easy migration over a vast continent contributed to

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our social stability. Really, how's that working on? Now? Are

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we socially stable? I mean we were they importing the

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Third World after the First World War? Or are we

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talking about people within or is he talking about people

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within the country being able to move and go where

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they wish? Which I don't know that that creates social stability,

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because you know, in my opinion, people should be tied

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to where their family is that they are better off

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and their children and grandchildren and great grandchildren will be

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better off having a solid foundation in one place, rather

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than searching the country for riches, wealth and the best

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zip codes own a house. In compare one to the other,

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bear the nineteenth century to the twentieth century. If you

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could have the technological advances in the nineteenth century, but

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to keep the nineteenth century culture, seems better to me,

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Although you know, the argument can also be made that

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the technology is what adds to a lot of this,

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then we start uncle ted posting again. However, because of

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the quality of their human material, mass migrations are fertile

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ground for the rise of genuine mass movements. It is

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sometimes difficult to tell where a mass migration ends in

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a mass movement begins, and which came first. The migration

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of the Hebrews from Egypt developed into a religious and

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nationalist movement. Migrations of the Barbarians in the declining days

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of the Roman Empire were more than mere shifts of population.

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The indications are that the barbarians were relatively few in number,

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but once they invaded a country, they were joined by

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the oppressed and dissatisfied in all walks of life. Quote.

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It was a social revolution started and masked by a

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superficial foreign conquest. Something's taken to consideration. There the indications

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are that the barbarians were relatively few in number, but

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once they invaded a country, or they just walked over

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the border, they were joined by the oppressed and dissatisfied

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in all walks of life. It helps if you have

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been creating a class of people, a large group of

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people who feel that they've been oppressed and dissatisfied in

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all their walks of life, because then it turns into

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it was a social revolution started in masked by a

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superficial foreign conquest. We don't want to call it a conquest.

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Every mass movement is in a sense of migration, a

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movement toward a promised land, and when feasible and expedient,

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an actual migration takes place. This happened in the case

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of the Puritans and a Baptists, Mormons, Ducabors, and Zionists.

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Migration in the mass strengthens the spirit and unity of

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the movement of a movement, and whether in the form

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of a foreign conquest, crusade, pilgrimage, or settlement of a

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new land, it is practiced by most mass active most

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active massed movements part two. The potential converts the role

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of the undesirables and human affairs. There's a tendency to

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judge a race, a nation, or any distinct group by

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its least worthy members. Though manifestly unfair, this tendency has

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some justification, for the character and destiny of a group

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are often determined by its inferior elements. That's a that's

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a paragraph right there. For the character and destiny of

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a group is often determined by its inferior elements. Why

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because in the inferior amongst a group, they stand out

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because they cause negative consequences they're not going to and

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in most cases they're not only going to cause negative

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consequences inside the group, but they're going to cause negative

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consequences outside the group, and then people are going to

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start to notice. The inert mass of a nation, for instance,

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is in its middle section. The decent, average people who

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do the nation's work in cities and on the land

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are worked upon and shaped by minorities at both ends,

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the best and the worst. It's like some high low

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middle stuff here. The superior individual, whether in politics, literature, science, commerce,

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or industry, plays a large role in shaping a nation,

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but so to individuals. At the other extreme, the failures, misfits, outcast, criminals,

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and all those who have lost their footing or never

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had one. In the ranks of respectable humanity. The game

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of history is usually played by the best and the

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worst over the heads of the majority in the middle.

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The reason that the inferior elements of a nation can

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exert a marked influence on its course is that they

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are wholly without reverence towards the present. They see their

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lives and the present as spoiled beyond remedy, and they

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are ready to waste and wreck both. Hence their recklessness

241
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and their will to chaos and anarchy. It's like short time,

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low time preference versus high time preference. They also cave

243
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to dissolve their spoiled, meaningless selves in some soul stirring,

244
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spectacular communal undertaking, hence their proclivity for united action. Thus

245
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they are among the early recruits of revolutions, mass migrations,

246
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and of religious, racial and chauvinist movements, and they imprint

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their mark upon these upheavals and movements which shape a

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nation's character in history. I don't really talk much about

249
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him anymore, but this is the argument that is Russell

250
00:17:44,039 --> 00:17:46,680
made in his book Renegade History of the United States,

251
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was that the low the lowest class, the misfits and

252
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the outcasts and the degenerates, are the ones that actually

253
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make our culture. And when you think about it, when

254
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you think about our culture comes out of Hollywood and

255
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music and entertainment. I guess the argument is there this

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discarded and rejected are often the raw material of a

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nation's future. The stone the builder's reject becomes the cornerstone

258
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of a new world. A nation without dregs and malcontents

259
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is orderly, decent, peaceful, and pleasant, but perhaps without the

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seed of things to come. It was not the irony

261
00:18:31,599 --> 00:18:35,359
of history that the undesired undesired in the countries of

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Europe should have crossed an ocean to build a new

263
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world in this continent, or they could do it. Well.

264
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I don't know that they were undesired in the countries

265
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of Europe, but they certainly wanted to break away because

266
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there could have been tensions there. There could have been

267
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numerous things happening. And did they help to build a

268
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new world in this continent? Well? Yeah, The question is

269
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is where did it go wrong? Though? The diss effect

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that are found in all walks of life. They are

271
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most frequent in the following categories. The poor, misfits, outcasts, minorities,

272
00:19:22,200 --> 00:19:27,599
adolescent youth, the ambitious, whether facing insurmountable obstacles or unlimited opportunities,

273
00:19:28,799 --> 00:19:31,240
those in the grip of some vice or obsession, the

274
00:19:31,319 --> 00:19:35,400
impotent and body and mind, the inordinately selfish. The Board

275
00:19:35,839 --> 00:19:39,400
the Sinners, Session twenty through forty two deals with some

276
00:19:39,480 --> 00:19:46,680
of these types. New heading the poor, the new poor.

277
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Not all who are poor or frustrated. Some of the

278
00:19:50,720 --> 00:19:53,119
poor stagnating in the slums of the cities are smug

279
00:19:53,200 --> 00:19:55,799
in their decay. They shudder at the thought of life

280
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outside their familiar cesspool. Even the respectable poor, when they're

281
00:20:00,160 --> 00:20:04,279
poverty is of long standing, remain inert. They are awed

282
00:20:04,279 --> 00:20:08,400
by the immutability of the order of things. It takes

283
00:20:08,440 --> 00:20:11,480
a cataclysm and invasion, a plague, or some other communal

284
00:20:11,519 --> 00:20:15,279
disaster to open their eyes to the transitoriness of the

285
00:20:15,319 --> 00:20:20,640
eternal order. It is usually those whose poverty is relatively recent,

286
00:20:21,039 --> 00:20:24,759
the new poor, who throb with the ferment of frustration.

287
00:20:25,599 --> 00:20:28,319
The memory of better things is as fire in their veins.

288
00:20:29,160 --> 00:20:32,799
They are the disinherited and dispossessed who respond to every

289
00:20:33,079 --> 00:20:36,680
rising mass movement. It was the new porn in seventeenth

290
00:20:36,680 --> 00:20:39,799
century England who ensured the success of the Puritan Revolution.

291
00:20:40,559 --> 00:20:45,039
During the movements of Enclosure Section five, thousands of landlords

292
00:20:45,119 --> 00:20:47,799
drove off their tenants and turned their fields into pastures.

293
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Strong and active peasants, enamored of the soil that nurtured them,

294
00:20:51,920 --> 00:20:56,559
were transformed into wage workers or sturdy beggars. City streets

295
00:20:56,559 --> 00:21:00,640
were filled with paupers. It was this mass of the

296
00:21:00,720 --> 00:21:06,240
dispossessed who furnished the recruits for Cromwell's new model army.

297
00:21:06,680 --> 00:21:09,279
In Germany and Italy, the new poor, coming from the

298
00:21:09,359 --> 00:21:11,839
ruined middle class, formed the chief support of the Nazi

299
00:21:11,920 --> 00:21:16,440
and Fascist revolutions. The potential revolutionaries in present day England

300
00:21:16,759 --> 00:21:20,359
are not the workers, but the disinherited civil servants and businessmen.

301
00:21:21,160 --> 00:21:24,119
This class had a vivid memory of affluence and dominion,

302
00:21:24,160 --> 00:21:27,519
and is not likely to reconcile itself to straightened conditions

303
00:21:28,079 --> 00:21:34,400
and political impotence. Well, so much for World War Two

304
00:21:34,559 --> 00:21:43,160
benefiting everyone right. There have been, of late, both here

305
00:21:43,200 --> 00:21:46,400
and in other countries, enormous periodic increases of a new

306
00:21:46,440 --> 00:21:49,920
type of new poor, and their appearance undoubtedly has contributed

307
00:21:49,960 --> 00:21:53,680
to the rise and spread of contemporary mass movements. Until recently,

308
00:21:53,720 --> 00:21:57,559
the new poor came mainly from the propertied class, whether

309
00:21:57,599 --> 00:22:00,319
in cities or on the land. But lately, for the

310
00:22:00,359 --> 00:22:04,039
first time in history, the plain workingman appears in this role.

311
00:22:05,039 --> 00:22:08,319
So long as those who did the world's work lived

312
00:22:08,319 --> 00:22:11,240
on a level of bare subsistence, they were looked upon

313
00:22:11,279 --> 00:22:14,880
and felt themselves as traditionally poor. They felt poor in

314
00:22:14,920 --> 00:22:20,200
good times and bad. Depressions, however, severe were not seen

315
00:22:20,240 --> 00:22:24,759
as aberrations and enormities. But with the wide diffusion of

316
00:22:24,799 --> 00:22:28,480
a high standard of living, depressions and the unemployment they bring,

317
00:22:29,799 --> 00:22:33,759
they bring assumed a new aspect. The present day workingman

318
00:22:33,839 --> 00:22:38,160
in the Western world feels unemployment as a degradation. He

319
00:22:38,200 --> 00:22:42,359
sees himself disinherited and injured by an unjust order of things,

320
00:22:42,720 --> 00:22:45,039
and is willing to listen to those who call for

321
00:22:45,119 --> 00:22:50,680
a new deal. The abjectly poor, the poor on the

322
00:22:50,680 --> 00:22:54,039
borderline of starvation, lived purposeful lives. To be engaged in

323
00:22:54,079 --> 00:22:57,000
desperate struggle for food and shelter is to be wholly

324
00:22:57,039 --> 00:23:01,079
free from a sense of futility. The goal concrete and immediate,

325
00:23:01,440 --> 00:23:03,759
every meal is a fulfillment, to go to sleep on

326
00:23:03,759 --> 00:23:06,920
a full stomach as a triumph, and every windfall a miracle.

327
00:23:08,000 --> 00:23:11,319
I don't know, I don't know that we can talk

328
00:23:11,359 --> 00:23:17,119
about anyone in the country like this now. It just

329
00:23:17,200 --> 00:23:22,920
doesn't it doesn't make sense considering the incitlements that are

330
00:23:22,920 --> 00:23:25,400
out there. I think, if you're like this, you just

331
00:23:27,000 --> 00:23:31,319
want to be What need could they have for an aspiring,

332
00:23:31,440 --> 00:23:34,519
super individual goal which would give meaning and dignity to

333
00:23:34,599 --> 00:23:37,839
their lives. They are immune to the appeal of a

334
00:23:37,880 --> 00:23:43,119
mass movement. Angelica Balabanov describes the effect of abject poverty

335
00:23:43,160 --> 00:23:45,960
on the revolutionary ardor of famous radicals who flocked to

336
00:23:46,039 --> 00:23:50,920
Moscow in the early days of the Bolshevik Revolution, quoting here,

337
00:23:50,960 --> 00:23:52,759
I saw men and women who had lived all of

338
00:23:52,759 --> 00:23:58,759
their lives for ideas, who had voluntarily renounced material advantages, liberty, happiness,

339
00:23:58,759 --> 00:24:03,119
and family affection for them, realization of their ideals completely

340
00:24:03,160 --> 00:24:08,039
absorbed by the problem of hunger and cold. Where people

341
00:24:08,079 --> 00:24:10,920
toil from sunshine as from sunrise to sunset for a

342
00:24:10,960 --> 00:24:14,599
bare living. They nurse no grievances and dream no dreams.

343
00:24:15,039 --> 00:24:17,519
One of the reasons for the unrebelliousness of the masses

344
00:24:17,559 --> 00:24:20,960
in China is the inordinate effort required there to scrape

345
00:24:20,960 --> 00:24:27,400
together the means of the scantiest subsistence. The intensified struggle

346
00:24:27,440 --> 00:24:30,680
for existence is a static rather than a dynamic influence,

347
00:24:31,160 --> 00:24:33,240
So basically saying, if you're working all the time just

348
00:24:33,279 --> 00:24:35,920
to eat, you don't have any time to entertain these

349
00:24:35,960 --> 00:24:43,519
ideas or participate in it. So it's people who it's

350
00:24:43,559 --> 00:24:46,519
going to be, people who are pretty well off or

351
00:24:47,359 --> 00:24:49,640
were well off and desire to be well off again,

352
00:24:49,839 --> 00:24:52,640
who are most open and will have the time. I

353
00:24:52,680 --> 00:24:55,160
guess as long as you're not to the point where

354
00:24:55,160 --> 00:24:58,640
you have to every second of every day is to

355
00:24:58,640 --> 00:25:03,799
figure out how you're going to survive. Misery does not

356
00:25:03,839 --> 00:25:07,839
automatically generate discontent, nor is the intensity of discontent directly

357
00:25:07,880 --> 00:25:11,359
proportionate to the degree of misery. Discontent is likely to

358
00:25:11,400 --> 00:25:14,920
be highest when misery is bearable, when conditions have so

359
00:25:15,160 --> 00:25:19,119
improved that an ideal state seems almost within reach. Agreements

360
00:25:19,160 --> 00:25:22,720
is most poignant when almost redressed to Toauville and his

361
00:25:22,880 --> 00:25:26,119
researches into the state of society in France before the Revolution,

362
00:25:26,640 --> 00:25:29,480
was struck by the discovery that in no one of

363
00:25:29,519 --> 00:25:32,400
the periods which have followed the Revolution of seventeen eighty

364
00:25:32,480 --> 00:25:36,160
nine has the national prosperity of France augmented more rapidly

365
00:25:36,200 --> 00:25:38,960
than it did in the twenty years preceding that event.

366
00:25:39,880 --> 00:25:42,240
He is forced to conclude that the French found their

367
00:25:42,279 --> 00:25:51,759
position the more intolerable, the better it became. Really, if

368
00:25:51,799 --> 00:25:55,960
that be true, there is just another difference between the

369
00:25:56,000 --> 00:26:01,920
French and the American Revolution. The American Revolution was different,

370
00:26:02,039 --> 00:26:07,440
but the French Revolution was a real winner, because even

371
00:26:07,480 --> 00:26:12,160
the spirit of that revolution spread here in both France

372
00:26:12,160 --> 00:26:15,519
and Russia. The land Hungary peasants owned almost exactly one

373
00:26:15,559 --> 00:26:18,160
third of the agricultural land at the outbreak of revolution,

374
00:26:18,640 --> 00:26:20,920
and most of that land was acquired during the generation

375
00:26:21,079 --> 00:26:25,000
or two preceding the revolution. It is not actual suffering,

376
00:26:25,039 --> 00:26:28,160
but the taste of better things which excites people to revolt.

377
00:26:28,680 --> 00:26:32,000
A popular upheaval in Soviet Russia is hardly likely before

378
00:26:32,039 --> 00:26:34,119
the people get a real taste of the good life.

379
00:26:34,599 --> 00:26:36,759
The most dangerous moment for the regime of the polleit

380
00:26:36,799 --> 00:26:39,839
Bureau will be when a considerable improvement in the economic

381
00:26:39,839 --> 00:26:42,960
conditions of the Russian masses has been achieved and the

382
00:26:43,000 --> 00:26:49,759
irons hotalitarian rule somewhat somewhat relaxed. It is of interest

383
00:26:49,799 --> 00:26:53,640
that the assassination in December nineteen thirty four of Stalin's

384
00:26:53,680 --> 00:26:57,400
closest friend, Kirov happened not long after Stalin had announced

385
00:26:57,440 --> 00:27:00,519
the successful end of the first five Years Plan in

386
00:27:00,559 --> 00:27:09,400
the beginning of a new prosperous, joyous era. Nineteen thirty

387
00:27:09,400 --> 00:27:15,319
four success killing killing millions of Ukrainians I guess as

388
00:27:15,359 --> 00:27:21,880
a success. The intensity of discontent seems to be in

389
00:27:21,880 --> 00:27:25,680
inverse proportions to the distance from the object fervently desired.

390
00:27:26,000 --> 00:27:28,240
This is true whether we move toward our goal or

391
00:27:28,279 --> 00:27:31,039
away from it. It is true both of those who

392
00:27:31,079 --> 00:27:34,119
have come within sight of the promised land and of

393
00:27:34,119 --> 00:27:37,440
the disinherited who are still within sight of it, of

394
00:27:38,359 --> 00:27:41,759
both of the about to be rich, free, etc. And

395
00:27:41,799 --> 00:27:47,680
of the new poor and those recently enslaved. Our frustration

396
00:27:47,799 --> 00:27:51,039
is greater when we have much and want more than

397
00:27:51,079 --> 00:27:54,319
when we have nothing and want some. We are less

398
00:27:54,319 --> 00:27:57,640
dissatisfied when we lack many things than when we seem

399
00:27:57,680 --> 00:28:02,200
to lack but one thing. We dare more when striving

400
00:28:02,240 --> 00:28:10,799
for superfluities. Why is that word of killing me? We

401
00:28:10,880 --> 00:28:18,079
dare more when striving for superfluity superfluities than for necessities.

402
00:28:19,079 --> 00:28:24,640
Often when we renounce superfluities, we end up lacking in necessities.

403
00:28:25,599 --> 00:28:28,240
There is a hope that acts as an explosive and

404
00:28:28,279 --> 00:28:32,160
a hope that disciplines and infuses patients. The difference is

405
00:28:32,200 --> 00:28:35,240
between the immediate hope and the distant hope. A rising

406
00:28:35,279 --> 00:28:38,160
mass movement preaches the immediate hope. It is intent on

407
00:28:38,200 --> 00:28:41,400
stirring its followers to action, and it is the around

408
00:28:41,440 --> 00:28:44,079
the corner brand of hope that prompts people to act.

409
00:28:44,839 --> 00:28:48,200
Rising Christianity preached to the immediate end of the world

410
00:28:48,440 --> 00:28:51,119
in the Kingdom of Heaven. Around the corner, Mohammed dangled

411
00:28:51,160 --> 00:28:55,880
loot before the faithful. The Jachomans promised immediate liberty and equality.

412
00:28:56,240 --> 00:29:01,400
The early Bolshevik Bolsheviks promise bread and life. Hitler promised

413
00:29:01,400 --> 00:29:05,000
an immediate end to Versailles bondage and work and action

414
00:29:05,160 --> 00:29:08,000
for all. Later, as the movement comes into the possession

415
00:29:08,039 --> 00:29:10,920
of power, the emphasis is shifted to the distant hope,

416
00:29:11,200 --> 00:29:14,559
the dream and the vision for an arrived mass movement

417
00:29:14,880 --> 00:29:18,160
is preoccupied with the preservation of the present, and it

418
00:29:18,400 --> 00:29:23,480
prizes obedience and patience above spontaneous action. And when we

419
00:29:23,640 --> 00:29:29,359
hope for that we see not. Then then do we

420
00:29:29,400 --> 00:29:33,559
with patients wait for it. Every established mass movement has

421
00:29:33,599 --> 00:29:37,079
its distant hope. It's brand of dope to dull the

422
00:29:37,119 --> 00:29:40,759
impatience of the masses and reconcile them with their lot

423
00:29:40,799 --> 00:29:44,240
in life. Stalinism is much an opium of the people,

424
00:29:44,839 --> 00:29:52,039
as are the established religions. The free poor slaves are poor.

425
00:29:52,519 --> 00:29:55,680
Yet where slavery is widespread and long established, there is

426
00:29:55,759 --> 00:29:58,839
little likelihood for the rise of a mass movement. The

427
00:29:58,880 --> 00:30:02,039
absolute equality of the slaves and the intimate communal life

428
00:30:02,039 --> 00:30:06,440
and slave quarters preclude individual frustration. In a society with

429
00:30:06,480 --> 00:30:10,759
an institution of slavery, the troublemakers are the newly enslaved

430
00:30:10,960 --> 00:30:13,839
and the freed slaves. In the case of the latter,

431
00:30:13,920 --> 00:30:15,559
it is the burden of freedom which is at the

432
00:30:15,599 --> 00:30:19,240
root of their discontent. Freedom aggravates at least as much

433
00:30:19,279 --> 00:30:23,079
as it alleviates frustration. Freedom of choice places the whole

434
00:30:23,119 --> 00:30:26,319
blame of failure on the shoulders of the individual, and

435
00:30:26,400 --> 00:30:31,160
as freedom encourages a multiplicity of attempts, it unavoidably multiplies

436
00:30:31,200 --> 00:30:36,519
failure and frustration. Freedom alleviates frustration by making available the

437
00:30:36,640 --> 00:30:42,960
palliatives of action, movement, change, and protest. Unless a man

438
00:30:43,000 --> 00:30:46,240
has the talents to make himself of something, freedom is

439
00:30:46,279 --> 00:30:50,759
an irksome burden of what avail is freedom to choose

440
00:30:51,039 --> 00:30:54,480
if this self be ineffectual, we join a mass movement

441
00:30:54,559 --> 00:30:57,319
to escape individual responsibility, or, in the words of the

442
00:30:57,400 --> 00:31:02,440
ardent young Nazi, to be free from freedom. It was

443
00:31:02,519 --> 00:31:06,759
not sheer hypocrisy to be free from freedom or what

444
00:31:06,839 --> 00:31:09,880
kind of freedom? I mean, we're told that we have freedom.

445
00:31:09,920 --> 00:31:15,759
Now the freedoms to you? What destroy our culture? Destroy order,

446
00:31:16,960 --> 00:31:29,079
destroy religion, destroy faith, destroy cohesiveness of people. I'm gonna

447
00:31:29,119 --> 00:31:33,200
need more. It was not sheer hypocrisy when the rank

448
00:31:33,279 --> 00:31:36,559
and file Nazis declared themselves not guilty of all the

449
00:31:36,680 --> 00:31:40,240
enormities they had committed. They considered themselves cheated and maligned

450
00:31:40,279 --> 00:31:44,000
when made to show the responsibility for obeying orders. Had

451
00:31:44,000 --> 00:31:45,759
they not joined the Nazi movement in order to be

452
00:31:45,799 --> 00:31:48,519
free from Had they not joined the Nazi movement in

453
00:31:48,640 --> 00:31:53,000
order to be free from responsibility? I mean, I don't

454
00:31:53,039 --> 00:31:56,359
think so. I don't think anybody joins the movement to

455
00:31:56,400 --> 00:32:01,839
be free from responsibility. Saying that people join movements to

456
00:32:01,880 --> 00:32:06,160
be free from the responsibility of being an individual because

457
00:32:06,160 --> 00:32:12,599
he prizes individuality amongst collectivism. This is what This is

458
00:32:12,599 --> 00:32:17,599
how I'm reading it. Some can argue differently. This is

459
00:32:17,640 --> 00:32:22,960
how I'm seeing it, and five six years ago I

460
00:32:23,000 --> 00:32:26,200
probably would agree with one hundred percent. I just don't anymore.

461
00:32:26,680 --> 00:32:32,640
I see what individualism or radical individualism has wrought, and

462
00:32:32,720 --> 00:32:35,720
it's brought us to where we are. It's not the answer,

463
00:32:35,880 --> 00:32:39,519
it's where we are. It would seem that the most

464
00:32:39,559 --> 00:32:42,359
fertile ground for propagation of a mass movement in a

465
00:32:42,400 --> 00:32:47,799
society with considerable freedom but lacking the palliatives of frustration.

466
00:32:48,519 --> 00:32:51,799
It was precisely because the peasants of eighteenth century France,

467
00:32:52,319 --> 00:32:55,160
unlike the peasants of German and Austria, were no longer

468
00:32:55,200 --> 00:32:58,279
served and already owned land, that they were receptive to

469
00:32:58,319 --> 00:33:01,599
the appeal of the French Revolution. Nor, perhaps, would there

470
00:33:01,680 --> 00:33:04,920
have been a Bolshevik revolution if the Russian peasant had

471
00:33:04,960 --> 00:33:08,799
not been free for a generation or more and had

472
00:33:08,799 --> 00:33:13,599
had a taste of the private ownership of land. Even

473
00:33:13,599 --> 00:33:15,839
the mass movements which rise in the name of freedom

474
00:33:15,839 --> 00:33:19,640
against an oppressive order do not realize individual liberty once

475
00:33:19,680 --> 00:33:22,960
they start rolling. So long as a movement is engaged

476
00:33:23,000 --> 00:33:26,119
in a desperate struggle with the prevailing order, or must

477
00:33:26,119 --> 00:33:30,240
defend itself against enemies within or without, its chief preoccupation

478
00:33:30,400 --> 00:33:33,920
will be with unity and self sacrifice, which require the

479
00:33:33,960 --> 00:33:39,640
surrender of the individual's will, judgment, and advantage. According to Robespierre,

480
00:33:39,920 --> 00:33:45,319
the revolutionary government was the despotism of liberty against tyranny.

481
00:33:46,200 --> 00:33:52,319
The important point is that in so if that is true,

482
00:33:52,680 --> 00:33:56,720
well what is it the despotism of individualism against collectivism?

483
00:33:59,480 --> 00:34:04,480
How that works out? The important point is that in

484
00:34:04,559 --> 00:34:08,599
forgetting or postponing individual liberty, the active mass movement does

485
00:34:08,639 --> 00:34:12,880
not run counter to the inclinations of a zealous following fanatics, says,

486
00:34:12,960 --> 00:34:17,559
run a fear liberty more than they fear persecution. It

487
00:34:17,679 --> 00:34:20,840
is true that the adherents of a rising movement have

488
00:34:20,920 --> 00:34:23,679
a strong sense of liberation, even though they live and

489
00:34:23,719 --> 00:34:27,159
breathe in an environment of strict adherence to tenets and

490
00:34:27,360 --> 00:34:34,760
commands liberty, what sense of liberation is he even talking about?

491
00:34:36,280 --> 00:34:40,760
He's selling It's almost like he's selling individualism as just

492
00:34:42,400 --> 00:34:45,199
that you either have that or you just have tyranny

493
00:34:45,239 --> 00:34:47,920
and you have your followers and you have you know,

494
00:34:47,960 --> 00:34:52,400
you're the quote unquote true believer. I guess, I guess

495
00:34:52,760 --> 00:34:56,719
you don't believe anything if you're an individual, or you

496
00:34:56,880 --> 00:35:01,840
just believe in yourself. The sense of liberation comes from

497
00:35:01,880 --> 00:35:05,000
having escaped the burdens, fears, and hopelessness of an untenable

498
00:35:05,039 --> 00:35:08,920
individual existence. It is this escape which they feel as

499
00:35:08,960 --> 00:35:12,559
a deliverance and redemption. The experience of vast change, too,

500
00:35:12,719 --> 00:35:15,559
conveys a sense of freedom, even though the changes are

501
00:35:15,599 --> 00:35:18,760
executed in a frame of strict discipline. It is only

502
00:35:18,800 --> 00:35:21,679
when the movement has passed its active stage and solidified

503
00:35:21,719 --> 00:35:25,360
into a pattern of stable institutions that individual liberty has

504
00:35:25,400 --> 00:35:30,960
a chance to emerge. The shorter the active phase, the

505
00:35:31,039 --> 00:35:33,880
more will it seem that the movement itself, rather than

506
00:35:33,920 --> 00:35:38,039
its termination, made possible the emergence of individual liberty. This

507
00:35:38,119 --> 00:35:40,920
impression will be the more pronounced, the more tyrannical the

508
00:35:40,960 --> 00:35:46,599
dispensation which the mass movement overthrew and supplanted. Those who

509
00:35:46,599 --> 00:35:49,519
see their lives are spoiled and wasted grave equality and

510
00:35:49,559 --> 00:35:57,559
fraternity more than they do freedom. If they clamor I

511
00:35:57,599 --> 00:36:01,519
don't know about equal, I don't know how he's defining

512
00:36:01,559 --> 00:36:04,719
equality in the sentence, Those who see their lives as

513
00:36:04,760 --> 00:36:07,840
spoiled and wasted grave equality and fraternity more than they

514
00:36:07,880 --> 00:36:14,039
do freedom. Sure, fraternity, But what does equality mean If

515
00:36:14,079 --> 00:36:16,440
they clamor for freedom, it is but freedom to establish

516
00:36:16,519 --> 00:36:20,559
equality and uniformity. The passion for equality is partly a

517
00:36:20,599 --> 00:36:25,719
passion for anonymity. To be one thread of the many

518
00:36:26,119 --> 00:36:29,639
which make up a tunic, one thread not distinguishable from

519
00:36:29,639 --> 00:36:33,760
the others. No one can then point us out, measure

520
00:36:33,840 --> 00:36:39,119
us against others, and expose our inferiority. You have elites

521
00:36:40,079 --> 00:36:44,000
amongst every group. Even if you have a group that

522
00:36:44,039 --> 00:36:48,039
gets together for a certain purpose, The leaders are obvious,

523
00:36:48,079 --> 00:36:52,639
are going to be obvious. This is indisputable. It's drought history,

524
00:36:52,639 --> 00:36:58,000
it's human. They who clamor loudice or freedom are often

525
00:36:58,039 --> 00:37:00,960
the ones least likely to be happy in a free society.

526
00:37:01,599 --> 00:37:05,360
The frustrated, oppressed by their shortcomings blame their failure on

527
00:37:05,440 --> 00:37:09,480
existing restraints. Actually their innermost desires for an end to

528
00:37:09,519 --> 00:37:12,719
the free for all. They want to eliminate free competition

529
00:37:12,800 --> 00:37:16,159
and the ruthless testing to which the individual is continually

530
00:37:16,199 --> 00:37:21,199
subjected in a free society. Once again, he is elevating

531
00:37:23,360 --> 00:37:31,760
an individual individuals in a free society, above groups, collectives,

532
00:37:33,119 --> 00:37:37,440
and the thing here is now You'll even have some

533
00:37:37,440 --> 00:37:40,800
people say, well, I don't care if you collective eyes,

534
00:37:40,840 --> 00:37:44,400
as long as you do it voluntarily. He seems to

535
00:37:44,440 --> 00:37:49,440
be shitting on that too, although he seems to think

536
00:37:49,519 --> 00:37:54,679
that people don't do that voluntarily, they have a reason

537
00:37:54,840 --> 00:37:58,639
for doing it, and their reason is discontent and something

538
00:37:59,480 --> 00:38:02,840
now that may be my could be my reason. I'm

539
00:38:02,920 --> 00:38:07,480
discontented that the culture does not represent me at all.

540
00:38:08,800 --> 00:38:10,599
But there are people who are born into the culture

541
00:38:10,599 --> 00:38:16,199
who never leave the culture. Who are they don't know

542
00:38:16,239 --> 00:38:19,960
anything else? Whereas I was born into a culture which

543
00:38:20,039 --> 00:38:25,119
was very much about the individual and a free society

544
00:38:25,920 --> 00:38:29,440
where freedom is real, equality is the passion of the masses.

545
00:38:30,440 --> 00:38:33,400
Where equality is real, freedom is the passion of a

546
00:38:33,400 --> 00:38:38,599
small minority. Equality without freedom creates a more stable social

547
00:38:38,679 --> 00:38:46,119
pattern than freedom without equality. No one is This is

548
00:38:46,119 --> 00:38:49,719
almost like a straw man or he's saying that anybody

549
00:38:49,719 --> 00:38:52,079
who wants to be a part of a group wants

550
00:38:52,119 --> 00:38:58,559
everybody in that group to be equal. That's not even close.

551
00:39:00,559 --> 00:39:06,159
It's not even close. The creative poor poverty, when coupled

552
00:39:06,159 --> 00:39:09,480
with creativeness, is usually free of frustration. This is true

553
00:39:09,480 --> 00:39:11,480
of the poor artists and skilled in his trade and

554
00:39:11,519 --> 00:39:14,079
of the poor writer, artists, and scientists, and the full

555
00:39:14,119 --> 00:39:18,280
possession of creative powers. Nothing so bolsters our self confidence

556
00:39:18,280 --> 00:39:21,840
and reconciles us with ourselves as a continuous ability to create,

557
00:39:22,360 --> 00:39:25,480
to see things grow and develop under our hand day

558
00:39:25,519 --> 00:39:29,159
and day out. The decline of handicrafts in modern science

559
00:39:29,239 --> 00:39:30,880
is perhaps one of the causes of the rise of

560
00:39:30,880 --> 00:39:35,440
frustration and the increased susceptibility of the individual to mass movements.

561
00:39:36,000 --> 00:39:38,199
I'm going to say my comments till I read this.

562
00:39:38,800 --> 00:39:41,000
It is impressive to deserve. How with the fading of

563
00:39:41,039 --> 00:39:45,639
the individual's creative powers, there appears a pronounced inclination toward

564
00:39:45,719 --> 00:39:49,079
joining a mass movement. Here, the connection between the escape

565
00:39:49,119 --> 00:39:52,880
from an ineffectual self and a response and a responsiveness

566
00:39:52,920 --> 00:39:56,719
to mass movements is very clear. The slipping author artists,

567
00:39:56,719 --> 00:39:59,639
scientists slipping because of a drying up of the creative

568
00:39:59,679 --> 00:40:02,920
flow within, drifts sooner or later into the camps of

569
00:40:03,039 --> 00:40:08,000
ardent patriots, racemongers, uplift promoters, and champions of holy causes.

570
00:40:08,360 --> 00:40:12,719
Perhaps the sexually impotent are subject to the same impulse.

571
00:40:13,280 --> 00:40:15,360
The role of the non creative in the Nazi movement

572
00:40:15,440 --> 00:40:22,400
is discussed and about and basically there's the only groups

573
00:40:23,119 --> 00:40:29,480
that the failed author artists scientists go into is a government,

574
00:40:29,920 --> 00:40:36,000
is a state, state jobs because they have no there's

575
00:40:36,039 --> 00:40:39,679
no demand for them. They're not artisans, they don't build houses,

576
00:40:39,679 --> 00:40:49,559
they don't do no. They become the state, that progressive

577
00:40:49,639 --> 00:40:54,559
arm of the state. That's where they run to. I

578
00:40:54,639 --> 00:40:56,800
don't know that at this time he's writing this in

579
00:40:56,880 --> 00:40:59,719
nineteen fifty, released in nineteen fifty one, probably started writing

580
00:40:59,760 --> 00:41:02,239
it for thready aid forty nine to fifty even could

581
00:41:02,239 --> 00:41:05,639
be even earlier. I don't know how much patronage there

582
00:41:05,719 --> 00:41:08,519
was out of the state at that point. This would

583
00:41:08,559 --> 00:41:15,320
be an interesting little section to update the unified poor.

584
00:41:16,280 --> 00:41:19,280
The poor who are members of a compact group, a tribe,

585
00:41:19,320 --> 00:41:22,480
a close to the family, a compact racial or religious group,

586
00:41:22,760 --> 00:41:25,599
are relatively free of frustration and hence almost immune to

587
00:41:25,639 --> 00:41:30,000
the appeal of proselytizing mass movements. You go to small

588
00:41:30,079 --> 00:41:36,000
towns and places where people's families have lived there forever. Yeah,

589
00:41:36,159 --> 00:41:39,880
usually they're worried about overreach from the federal government, but

590
00:41:40,039 --> 00:41:46,360
usually locally they're a political pretty much a political locally,

591
00:41:47,480 --> 00:41:51,760
which also makes them open for infiltration. The lesser person

592
00:41:51,800 --> 00:41:57,400
sees himself as an autonomous, incapable individual. Let's start that again.

593
00:41:57,599 --> 00:42:00,920
The lesser person sees himself as an autonomous individual, capable

594
00:42:00,960 --> 00:42:03,880
of shaping his own course and solely responsible for a

595
00:42:03,920 --> 00:42:06,039
station in life, the less likely he is to see

596
00:42:06,039 --> 00:42:14,920
his poverty as evidence of his own inferiority. Man, a

597
00:42:14,960 --> 00:42:18,719
member of a compact group, has a higher revolting point

598
00:42:19,000 --> 00:42:23,280
than an autonomous individual. It requires more misery and personal

599
00:42:23,360 --> 00:42:26,199
humiliation to go to him to revolt. The cause of

600
00:42:26,239 --> 00:42:30,280
revolution and totalitarian society is usually a weakening of the

601
00:42:30,320 --> 00:42:44,000
totalentarian framework, rather than resentment against oppression and distress. I'm sorry,

602
00:42:44,440 --> 00:42:48,920
just reading this again to try to see where he's going.

603
00:42:49,000 --> 00:42:50,760
Like I said, I haven't read this before. I'm reading

604
00:42:50,760 --> 00:42:52,440
this with you for the first time. I said that

605
00:42:52,519 --> 00:42:56,159
the first episode. If you're tuning into this one, please

606
00:42:56,199 --> 00:43:00,719
go back and do the first one. Family ties to

607
00:43:00,760 --> 00:43:03,960
the Chinese probably kept them for ages relatively immune to

608
00:43:04,000 --> 00:43:06,920
the appeal of mass movements. The European who dies for

609
00:43:06,960 --> 00:43:09,800
his country has behaved in a manner that is unintelligible

610
00:43:09,840 --> 00:43:13,920
to a Chinaman because his family is not directly benefited,

611
00:43:14,719 --> 00:43:17,599
is indeed damaged by the loss of one of its members.

612
00:43:18,039 --> 00:43:20,400
On the other hand, he finds it understandable and honorable

613
00:43:20,920 --> 00:43:24,840
when a Chinaman, in consideration of so much paid to

614
00:43:24,920 --> 00:43:28,639
his family, consents to be executed as a substitute for

615
00:43:28,679 --> 00:43:35,400
a condemned criminal. It is obvious that a proselytizing mass

616
00:43:35,440 --> 00:43:38,840
movement must break down all existing group ties if it

617
00:43:38,880 --> 00:43:42,840
is to win a considerable following, the ideal potential convert

618
00:43:42,880 --> 00:43:45,599
is the individual who stands alone, who has no collective

619
00:43:45,599 --> 00:43:48,519
body he can blend with and lose himself in, and

620
00:43:48,599 --> 00:43:53,519
so mass the pettiness, meaningless, meaninglessness, and shabbiness of his

621
00:43:53,679 --> 00:44:05,079
individual existence. This is so sure the individual is easier

622
00:44:05,119 --> 00:44:12,920
to pick off, But then you should be arguing against individualism.

623
00:44:13,960 --> 00:44:17,559
But then he says that the reason the individual is

624
00:44:17,679 --> 00:44:20,960
drawn to these mass movements is because they can't survive

625
00:44:21,000 --> 00:44:24,480
as an individual, and they're just looking for someone else

626
00:44:24,519 --> 00:44:27,360
to blame it on. That's how I'm reading this. If

627
00:44:27,400 --> 00:44:30,280
anybody else, please comment if you think I'm If you

628
00:44:30,280 --> 00:44:33,760
think I'm reading this wrong, I'm welcome to be. Yeah,

629
00:44:33,760 --> 00:44:36,679
as long as you're respectful, I'm welcome to be to

630
00:44:36,719 --> 00:44:40,480
have a conversation about this. Where a mass movement finds

631
00:44:40,480 --> 00:44:44,159
a corporate pattern of family, tribe, country, et cetera. In

632
00:44:44,159 --> 00:44:46,920
a state of disruption and decay, it moves in and

633
00:44:46,960 --> 00:44:50,039
gathers to harvest. Where it finds the corporate pattern in

634
00:44:50,079 --> 00:44:53,960
good repair, it must attack and disrupt. On the other hand, when,

635
00:44:54,000 --> 00:44:56,559
as in recent years in Russia, we see the Bolshevik

636
00:44:56,639 --> 00:45:02,239
movement bolstering family solidarity and encouraging nation, racial and religious cohesion,

637
00:45:02,679 --> 00:45:04,599
it is a sign that the movement has passed its

638
00:45:04,679 --> 00:45:08,199
dynamic phase, that it has already established a new pattern

639
00:45:08,239 --> 00:45:11,079
of life, and that its chief concern is to hold

640
00:45:11,079 --> 00:45:13,960
and preserve that which it has attained. In the rest

641
00:45:14,000 --> 00:45:16,400
of the world, where communism is still a struggling movement,

642
00:45:16,719 --> 00:45:19,199
it does all it can to disrupt the family and

643
00:45:19,280 --> 00:45:26,440
discredit national, racial, and religious ties. The attitude of rising

644
00:45:26,480 --> 00:45:30,400
mass movements towards the family is of considerable interest. Almost

645
00:45:30,480 --> 00:45:33,119
all our contemporary movements showed in their early stage as

646
00:45:33,199 --> 00:45:36,119
a hostile attitude toward the family and did all they

647
00:45:36,159 --> 00:45:38,960
could to discredit and disrupt it. They did it by

648
00:45:39,079 --> 00:45:43,360
undermining the authority of the parents, by facilitating divorce, by

649
00:45:43,360 --> 00:45:47,239
taking over the responsibility for feeding, educating, and entertaining the children,

650
00:45:47,760 --> 00:45:54,880
and by encouraging illegitimacy. Crowded housing, exile, concentration camps, and

651
00:45:55,000 --> 00:45:58,440
terror also helped to weaken and break up the family. Still,

652
00:45:58,519 --> 00:46:01,280
not one of the contemporary movements was so outspoken its

653
00:46:01,320 --> 00:46:06,800
antagonism towards a family as was early Christianity. Jesus meant

654
00:46:06,880 --> 00:46:10,199
no words. Quote Prime comes to set a man at

655
00:46:10,280 --> 00:46:12,960
variance against his father, and the daughter against her mother,

656
00:46:13,159 --> 00:46:15,639
and the daughter in law against her mother in law.

657
00:46:16,000 --> 00:46:18,760
And a man's foes shall be they of his own household.

658
00:46:19,199 --> 00:46:21,800
He that loveth father or mother more than me is

659
00:46:21,840 --> 00:46:24,360
not worthy of me, And he that loveth son or

660
00:46:24,480 --> 00:46:27,800
daughter more than me is not worthy of me. When

661
00:46:27,800 --> 00:46:30,199
he was told that his mother and brothers were outside,

662
00:46:30,920 --> 00:46:33,360
desiring to speak with him, he said, who is my mother?

663
00:46:33,440 --> 00:46:36,440
And who are my brethren? And stretched forth his hand

664
00:46:36,519 --> 00:46:40,480
towards his disciples and said, behold my mother and my brethren.

665
00:46:41,199 --> 00:46:44,639
When one of his disciples asked leave, asked the leaves

666
00:46:44,639 --> 00:46:47,480
to go and bury his father, Jesus said to him,

667
00:46:47,480 --> 00:46:50,599
follow me, and let the dead bury their dead. He

668
00:46:50,679 --> 00:46:54,519
seems to sense the ugly family conflicts his movement was

669
00:46:54,559 --> 00:46:58,079
bound to provoke both by its proselytizing and by fanatical

670
00:46:58,159 --> 00:47:01,639
hatred of its antagonists, and the brothers shall deliver up

671
00:47:01,679 --> 00:47:04,480
the brother to death, and the father the child, and

672
00:47:04,519 --> 00:47:07,480
the children shall rise up against their parents and cause

673
00:47:07,519 --> 00:47:10,000
them to be put to death. It is strange but

674
00:47:10,079 --> 00:47:13,159
true that he who preaches brotherly love also preaches against

675
00:47:13,239 --> 00:47:19,519
love of mother, father, brother, sister, wife, and children. The

676
00:47:19,599 --> 00:47:24,199
Chinese sage Mozou, who advocated brotherly love, was rightly condemned

677
00:47:24,199 --> 00:47:28,719
by the Confucianists. Cherished who cherished the family above all.

678
00:47:29,519 --> 00:47:32,039
They argue that the principle of universal love would dissolve

679
00:47:32,079 --> 00:47:36,519
the family and destroy society. The proselytizer who comes and says,

680
00:47:36,599 --> 00:47:39,920
follow me, is a family wrecker, even though he is

681
00:47:39,960 --> 00:47:43,079
not conscious of any hostility toward the family and has

682
00:47:43,119 --> 00:47:46,159
not the least intention of weakening of solidarity. When Saint

683
00:47:46,159 --> 00:47:49,800
Bernard preached his influence with such that mothers are said

684
00:47:49,840 --> 00:47:52,119
to have hid their sons from him, and wives to

685
00:47:52,119 --> 00:47:54,880
their husbands lest he should lure them away, he actually

686
00:47:54,880 --> 00:47:57,519
broke up so many homes that the abandoned wives formed

687
00:47:57,559 --> 00:48:03,559
a nunnery Jesus' apostles when they left to go with him.

688
00:48:04,639 --> 00:48:06,920
Jesus knew that they'd be going back after a certain

689
00:48:06,920 --> 00:48:12,039
amount of time, as one would expect a disruption of

690
00:48:12,079 --> 00:48:15,719
the family. Whatever it causes, Foster's automatically a collective spirit

691
00:48:15,800 --> 00:48:18,760
and creates a responsiveness to the appeal of mass movements.

692
00:48:19,519 --> 00:48:23,800
The Japanese invasion undoubtedly weakened the compact family pattern of

693
00:48:23,840 --> 00:48:27,760
the Chinese and contributed to their recent increases responsiveness to

694
00:48:27,840 --> 00:48:32,119
both nationalism and communism. In the industrialized Western world, the

695
00:48:32,119 --> 00:48:37,119
family is weakened and disrupted mainly by economic factors. Economic

696
00:48:37,199 --> 00:48:42,360
independence for women facilitates divorce. Economic independence for the young

697
00:48:42,679 --> 00:48:46,320
weakens parental authority and also hastens an early splitting up

698
00:48:46,360 --> 00:48:49,880
with the family group. The drawing power of large industrial

699
00:48:49,920 --> 00:48:52,760
centers on people living on farms and in small town

700
00:48:52,920 --> 00:48:59,280
strains and breaks family ties by weakening the family. These

701
00:48:59,320 --> 00:49:01,199
factors can try, but it's somewhat to the growth of

702
00:49:01,239 --> 00:49:07,320
the collective spirit in modern times. Hitler's lunatic shifting of

703
00:49:07,480 --> 00:49:10,719
entire populations during the Second World War and his fantastic

704
00:49:10,719 --> 00:49:14,760
feats of extermination must have minced and scrambled millions of

705
00:49:14,760 --> 00:49:17,360
families in a large part of Europe. At the same time,

706
00:49:17,440 --> 00:49:23,440
the Anglo American I mean I guess starting the war

707
00:49:23,480 --> 00:49:27,559
had nothing to do with it, right, I wouldn't add

708
00:49:27,599 --> 00:49:30,079
this if he didn't start a war, if other people

709
00:49:30,239 --> 00:49:34,960
he didn't start the war. When you have a when

710
00:49:35,000 --> 00:49:37,320
you have the kind of when you're at war at

711
00:49:37,360 --> 00:49:41,559
the scale it was happening, What do you what do

712
00:49:41,559 --> 00:49:47,360
you think is gonna happen? He didn't want war, He

713
00:49:47,440 --> 00:49:52,320
just knew what was coming. What was he supposed to do?

714
00:49:52,519 --> 00:49:59,000
Just let the Russians invade? Unfreck unbelievable. At the same time,

715
00:49:59,039 --> 00:50:01,800
the Anglo American and Air raids, the expulsion of nine

716
00:50:01,800 --> 00:50:04,400
million Germans from the East and south of Europe, and

717
00:50:04,440 --> 00:50:07,760
the delayed repatriation of German prisoners awards It's Germany what

718
00:50:07,880 --> 00:50:11,280
Hitler had done to Europe. It is difficult to see how,

719
00:50:11,360 --> 00:50:15,679
even under optimal economic and political conditions, a continent and

720
00:50:15,719 --> 00:50:17,960
stream with the odds and ends of family could settle

721
00:50:18,000 --> 00:50:23,440
into a normal, conservative social pattern. The discontent generated and

722
00:50:23,480 --> 00:50:27,519
backwards countries by their contact with Western civilization is not

723
00:50:27,599 --> 00:50:32,519
primarily resentment against exploitation by domineering foreigners. It is rather

724
00:50:32,599 --> 00:50:35,840
the result of a crumbling or weakening of tribal solidarity

725
00:50:35,920 --> 00:50:39,760
and communal life. I'm going to go back to that

726
00:50:40,559 --> 00:50:43,800
the part where he's talking about Christ and some of

727
00:50:43,800 --> 00:50:49,440
the things that Christ said. Let's remember that he had

728
00:50:49,480 --> 00:50:54,039
an audience back then. One of the things that I

729
00:50:54,159 --> 00:50:59,760
learned when I was in seminary was that there was

730
00:50:59,840 --> 00:51:02,960
actually a people in the first century that he was

731
00:51:03,000 --> 00:51:11,519
speaking to, and that we're reading other people's mail. Okay,

732
00:51:12,320 --> 00:51:16,719
it was a revolutionary time back then, it wasn't always

733
00:51:16,760 --> 00:51:25,880
going to be a revolutionary time, which is why the

734
00:51:26,039 --> 00:51:30,079
church set up covenant with the within the family and

735
00:51:30,360 --> 00:51:35,840
YadA YadA, all down the road. He's I could do

736
00:51:35,880 --> 00:51:41,199
a whole show shows on this. So all right, where

737
00:51:41,360 --> 00:51:47,280
was Okay? Yeah? At the same time, the Anglo area,

738
00:51:47,400 --> 00:51:49,800
it is difficult to see how even under optimal economic

739
00:51:49,800 --> 00:51:52,079
and political conditions of continent's strewn with the odds and

740
00:51:52,159 --> 00:51:55,440
ends of families, could settle into a normal conservative social pattern.

741
00:51:56,079 --> 00:51:59,800
Is discontent generated in backward countries by their contact what

742
00:52:00,000 --> 00:52:04,440
estern civilization is not primarily resentment against exploitation by domineering foreigners.

743
00:52:04,760 --> 00:52:07,199
It is rather the result of a crumbling or weakening

744
00:52:07,280 --> 00:52:11,079
of tribal solidarity and communal life. The ideal of self

745
00:52:11,119 --> 00:52:17,079
advancement with the civilizing West offers to backward populations brings

746
00:52:17,119 --> 00:52:21,559
with it the plague of individual frustration. All the advantages

747
00:52:21,559 --> 00:52:25,719
brought by the West are or ineffectual substitutes for the

748
00:52:25,760 --> 00:52:29,880
sheltering and soothing anonymity of a communal existence. Even when

749
00:52:29,880 --> 00:52:34,320
the westernized native attains personal success, becomes rich or masters

750
00:52:34,360 --> 00:52:37,480
of respected profession, he is not happy. He feels naked

751
00:52:37,480 --> 00:52:41,159
an orphan. He feels naked an orphan. The nationalist movements

752
00:52:41,159 --> 00:52:44,000
in the colonial colonies are part of a striving after

753
00:52:44,159 --> 00:52:51,320
group existence and an escape from Western individualism. Nobody was

754
00:52:52,320 --> 00:52:58,440
seeking to destroy families when this country was founded. This

755
00:52:58,679 --> 00:53:04,280
is written in anineteen fifty one, and he's writing to

756
00:53:04,360 --> 00:53:07,840
a modern audience. He's I can't see him taking that

757
00:53:07,920 --> 00:53:13,360
into consideration here, because saying all the advantages brought by

758
00:53:13,360 --> 00:53:15,960
the West are ineffectual substitutes for the sheltering and soothing

759
00:53:16,000 --> 00:53:20,280
anonymity of a communal existence. When even when the westernized

760
00:53:20,599 --> 00:53:24,719
native attains personal success, becomes rich, or the ideal of

761
00:53:24,719 --> 00:53:28,760
self advancement, which to civilizing West offers to backward populations,

762
00:53:29,360 --> 00:53:35,920
brings with it the plague of individual frustration. Well, the

763
00:53:35,920 --> 00:53:37,679
first thing you have to do in a backward population

764
00:53:37,760 --> 00:53:40,719
is civilized them It doesn't mean that they have to

765
00:53:40,800 --> 00:53:45,559
lose their identity as a people. That's on us if

766
00:53:45,559 --> 00:53:54,159
that happens. That that wasn't the It wasn't to turn

767
00:53:54,840 --> 00:53:58,840
to go in. The original goal wasn't to go in

768
00:53:58,920 --> 00:54:04,000
and turn these people into individuals, turn them into Christians,

769
00:54:04,119 --> 00:54:11,239
turn him into French. And it didn't work. But it

770
00:54:11,280 --> 00:54:14,239
wasn't to tournaments and oh, now you're going to become

771
00:54:14,320 --> 00:54:17,039
derastinated little annuities that are going to run through life.

772
00:54:18,119 --> 00:54:22,639
That's just not what it was. The Western colonizing powers

773
00:54:22,679 --> 00:54:25,719
offer the native the gift of individual freedom and independence.

774
00:54:26,199 --> 00:54:30,960
They try to teach himself reliance. What it actually amounts

775
00:54:31,000 --> 00:54:34,559
to is individual isolation. It means the cutting off of

776
00:54:34,599 --> 00:54:37,800
an immature and poorly furnished individual from the corporate whole

777
00:54:38,199 --> 00:54:43,760
and releasing him, in the words of Komakov, to the

778
00:54:43,800 --> 00:54:47,519
freedom of his own impotence. The feverish desire to band

779
00:54:47,559 --> 00:54:50,800
together and coalesce into marching masses so manifest both in

780
00:54:50,840 --> 00:54:53,760
our homelands and in the countries we colonize, is the

781
00:54:53,800 --> 00:54:58,119
expression of a desperate effort to escape this ineffectual, purposeless

782
00:54:58,679 --> 00:55:02,719
individual existence. It is very possible, therefore, that the present

783
00:55:02,800 --> 00:55:06,559
nationalist movement in Asia may lead, even without Russian influence,

784
00:55:06,599 --> 00:55:14,960
to more or less collectivists rather than democratic form of society.

785
00:55:15,320 --> 00:55:20,320
Oh Man. The policy of an exploiting colonial power should

786
00:55:20,320 --> 00:55:24,039
be to encourage communal cohesion among the natives. It should

787
00:55:24,039 --> 00:55:27,760
foster equality and a feeling of brotherhood among them. For

788
00:55:27,880 --> 00:55:31,039
by how much the ruled blend and lose themselves into

789
00:55:31,039 --> 00:55:34,599
a compact whole, by so much is softened the poignancy

790
00:55:34,880 --> 00:55:39,119
of their individual futility, and the process which transmutes misery

791
00:55:39,199 --> 00:55:43,320
into frustration and revolts is checked that the source the

792
00:55:43,320 --> 00:55:46,199
device of divide and rule is ineffective when it aims

793
00:55:46,239 --> 00:55:49,400
at a weakening of all forms of cohesion against the rule.

794
00:55:49,840 --> 00:55:52,039
The breaking up of a village, community, a tribe, or

795
00:55:52,039 --> 00:55:55,920
a nation into autonomous individuals does not eliminate or stifle

796
00:55:55,960 --> 00:55:59,400
the spirit of rebellion against the ruling power. An effective

797
00:55:59,400 --> 00:56:03,880
division is one that fosters a multiplicity of compact bodies, racial, religious,

798
00:56:03,960 --> 00:56:11,719
or economic, vying with and suspicious of each other. Let's

799
00:56:11,719 --> 00:56:16,599
get more into this, encouraging people to be in cohesive groups.

800
00:56:17,639 --> 00:56:20,480
Even when a colonial power is holy, philanthropic and its

801
00:56:20,480 --> 00:56:23,079
sole aim is to bring prosperity and progress to a

802
00:56:23,079 --> 00:56:26,039
backward people. It must do all it can to preserve

803
00:56:26,079 --> 00:56:29,320
and reinforce the corporate pattern. It must not concentrate on

804
00:56:29,360 --> 00:56:33,039
the individual, but inject the innovations and reforms into tribal

805
00:56:33,119 --> 00:56:36,440
or communal channels and let the tribe or community progress

806
00:56:36,480 --> 00:56:39,440
as a whole. It is perhaps true that the successful

807
00:56:39,480 --> 00:56:42,760
modernization of a backward people can be brought about only

808
00:56:42,800 --> 00:56:47,559
within a strong framework of united action. Spectacular modernization of

809
00:56:47,639 --> 00:56:51,960
Japan was accomplished in an atmosphere charged with the fervor

810
00:56:52,000 --> 00:56:57,239
of united action and group consciousness. Soviet Russia's advantage as

811
00:56:57,239 --> 00:57:00,360
a colonizing power, aside from her lack of racial bias,

812
00:57:00,880 --> 00:57:03,559
is that it comes with a ready made and effective

813
00:57:03,719 --> 00:57:08,800
pattern of united action. And he didn't stick around long enough. Huh,

814
00:57:09,039 --> 00:57:12,840
should have wrote this a couple of years later. It

815
00:57:12,880 --> 00:57:16,800
can disregard it, indeed deliberately. I mean and lack of

816
00:57:16,880 --> 00:57:21,679
racial bias. I mean they I guess when you kill

817
00:57:22,960 --> 00:57:26,599
tens of thousands of Poles and tens of thousands of Germans,

818
00:57:27,320 --> 00:57:32,119
you execute them in the forest because they're a diasporg

819
00:57:32,239 --> 00:57:34,800
group and they're scared that they might collude with their

820
00:57:34,840 --> 00:57:41,000
home country. Sure, that's not a racial bias. Not technically,

821
00:57:41,039 --> 00:57:43,039
it's not like saying, oh, we think that we're better

822
00:57:43,119 --> 00:57:51,119
than Germans. Still not good. And if you want to

823
00:57:51,119 --> 00:57:55,320
play complete real politic, sure you can understand. But still

824
00:57:57,079 --> 00:58:01,280
better to let them go home. The device of encouraging

825
00:58:01,320 --> 00:58:04,880
communal cohesion as a preventative of colonial unrest can also

826
00:58:04,920 --> 00:58:09,360
be used to prevent labor unrest in the industrialized colonizing countries.

827
00:58:10,320 --> 00:58:12,599
The employer, whose only purpose is to keep his workers

828
00:58:12,639 --> 00:58:15,440
at their task and get all he can out of them,

829
00:58:15,599 --> 00:58:18,039
is not likely to attain his goal by dividing them,

830
00:58:18,199 --> 00:58:21,119
playing off one worker against the other. It is rather

831
00:58:21,159 --> 00:58:23,400
in his interest that the workers should feel themselves part

832
00:58:23,400 --> 00:58:26,199
of a whole, and preferably a hole which comprises the

833
00:58:26,199 --> 00:58:31,360
employer too. A vivid feeling of solidarity, whether racial, national,

834
00:58:31,480 --> 00:58:35,679
or religious, is undoubtedly an effective means of preventing labor unrest.

835
00:58:36,440 --> 00:58:38,760
Even when the type of solidarity is such that it

836
00:58:38,800 --> 00:58:43,679
cannot comprise the employer, it nevertheless tends to promote labor

837
00:58:43,719 --> 00:58:49,440
contentment and efficiency. Yes, when you figure that out, that's

838
00:58:49,480 --> 00:58:51,800
why it's like, okay, we're going to allow We'll allow

839
00:58:51,840 --> 00:58:54,360
them to have unions. We still have power over them.

840
00:58:54,400 --> 00:59:00,000
We can fire them, but they have cohesion. Experience shows

841
00:59:00,119 --> 00:59:03,000
that production at its be is at its best when

842
00:59:03,000 --> 00:59:04,960
the workers feel and act as members of a team.

843
00:59:05,400 --> 00:59:07,840
Any policy that disturbs and tears apart the team is

844
00:59:07,880 --> 00:59:11,159
bound to cause severe trouble. That's why you can have

845
00:59:11,199 --> 00:59:13,679
such great production during times to war, because people have

846
00:59:13,719 --> 00:59:17,599
come together. People have come together for a cause. Incentsive

847
00:59:17,679 --> 00:59:22,239
wage plans that offer bonuses to individual workers do more

848
00:59:22,239 --> 00:59:25,480
harm than good group Incentsive plans in which the bonus

849
00:59:25,519 --> 00:59:27,840
is based on the work of the whole team, including

850
00:59:27,880 --> 00:59:31,480
the foreman, are much more likely to promote greater productivity

851
00:59:31,679 --> 00:59:36,000
and greater satisfaction on the part of the workers. A

852
00:59:36,119 --> 00:59:38,559
rising mass movement attracts and holds of following not by

853
00:59:38,599 --> 00:59:42,400
its doctrine and promises, but by the refuge it offers

854
00:59:42,400 --> 00:59:46,679
from the anxieties, barrenness, and meaninglessness of an individual existence.

855
00:59:47,239 --> 00:59:51,519
It cures the poignantly frustrated, not by conferring on them

856
00:59:51,559 --> 00:59:55,840
an absolute truth or by remedying the difficulties and abuses

857
00:59:55,920 --> 00:59:59,119
which made their lives miserable, but by feeding them from

858
00:59:59,119 --> 01:00:02,440
their intefectual sees. And it does this by unfolding and

859
01:00:02,480 --> 01:00:05,119
absorbing them in a closely knit and exults in corporate whole.

860
01:00:05,760 --> 01:00:08,679
He makes this sound like a bad thing, and he

861
01:00:08,719 --> 01:00:16,360
makes it sound nefarious. It is obvious. Therefore, in order

862
01:00:16,400 --> 01:00:18,960
to succeed, a mass movement must develop at the earliest

863
01:00:18,960 --> 01:00:24,199
moment a compact corporate organization and a capacity to absorb

864
01:00:24,239 --> 01:00:27,519
and integrate all comers. It is futile. It is futile

865
01:00:27,559 --> 01:00:29,719
to judge the viability of a new movement by the

866
01:00:29,760 --> 01:00:32,400
truth of its doctrine and the feasibility of its promises.

867
01:00:32,679 --> 01:00:35,440
What has to be judges this corporate organization for quick

868
01:00:35,480 --> 01:00:39,079
and total absorption of the frustrated. Where new creeds vie

869
01:00:39,079 --> 01:00:41,960
with each other for the allegiance of the populace, the

870
01:00:42,000 --> 01:00:46,039
one which comes with the most perfected collective framework wins.

871
01:00:46,599 --> 01:00:48,760
Of all the cults and philosophies which competed in the

872
01:00:48,800 --> 01:00:52,519
Greco Roman world, Christianity alone developed from its inception a

873
01:00:52,599 --> 01:00:56,880
compact organization. No one of its rivals possessed so powerful

874
01:00:56,920 --> 01:01:00,280
and coherent a structure as did the Church. Other gave

875
01:01:00,320 --> 01:01:02,559
its adherence quite the same feeling of coming into a

876
01:01:02,599 --> 01:01:06,079
closely knit community. The Bolshevik movement out distanced all of

877
01:01:06,079 --> 01:01:08,199
the Marxist movements in the race for power because of

878
01:01:08,199 --> 01:01:11,960
its tight collective organization. The National Socialist movement too won

879
01:01:12,000 --> 01:01:18,559
out over all other Folkish movements, which popular which pollulated,

880
01:01:19,239 --> 01:01:22,760
that's a word pollolated in the nineteen twenties because of

881
01:01:22,800 --> 01:01:26,880
Hitler's early recognition that a rising mass movement can never

882
01:01:26,960 --> 01:01:31,800
go too far in advocating and promoting collective cohesion. He

883
01:01:31,880 --> 01:01:34,239
knew that the chief passion of the frustrated is to

884
01:01:34,320 --> 01:01:37,639
belong and that there cannot be too much cementing and

885
01:01:37,679 --> 01:01:41,840
binding to satisfy this passion. And what I will say is,

886
01:01:43,400 --> 01:01:49,960
it's not only when you take out brainwashing of radical

887
01:01:49,960 --> 01:01:59,199
individualism from an early age the chiefs collectivism is not

888
01:01:59,519 --> 01:02:06,280
accepted about the frustrated. It's accepted by everyone. That should

889
01:02:06,280 --> 01:02:13,599
be painfully obvious. Brought up in a family and I mean,

890
01:02:13,840 --> 01:02:18,360
for how long did you have two and three generation households?

891
01:02:19,960 --> 01:02:22,880
That's who you were, You were who your family was.

892
01:02:25,519 --> 01:02:31,199
Individualism and radical individualism makes it a bad thing. And

893
01:02:31,239 --> 01:02:34,360
then he's complaining that radical individualism while those who fail

894
01:02:34,920 --> 01:02:38,880
at radical individualism just run right back to collectivism, like

895
01:02:38,920 --> 01:02:46,400
that's a bad thing. No, it's human, all right, stop

896
01:02:46,400 --> 01:02:49,199
it right there and be back for part three in

897
01:02:49,280 --> 01:02:52,400
a couple days. Like I said, leave any comments, I'm

898
01:02:52,400 --> 01:02:54,960
reading this along with you guys. Take care,