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Speaker 1: Hello again, Welcome to another episode of Astronomy Daily from

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down Under. It's Steve for another episode. It's the second

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day of Spring and the second day of September twenty

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twenty four. The podcast be your whole speed Gun clude.

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Oh yes, another mixed bag for you this week. China

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have developed a high resolution map of Mars. SpaceX have

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had a mishap on landing there at Falcon nine and

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that's destroyed a great record that they've had over the

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last few years. There's a new thing NASA have done,

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a solar sale has been successfully deployed. Something new from Dart,

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Remember Dart. They rammed Dart into an asteroid that was

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one of my favorite stories. And of course some new

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information from europea clipper that I'm sure you'll be interested in.

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And of course joining me in the studio, Hallie, we've

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finally got a date for the Turn of Styliner. What

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do you think about that?

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Speaker 2: Yes, they've had a really extended stay on the ISS

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since the trouble with Starliner prevented them coming home on schedule.

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Speaker 1: That's right. Astronauts Sunny Williams and Butch Wilmore have had

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to join the ISAs grew instead of doing their initial

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flood crew test for style on.

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Speaker 2: It, which is just as well since astronauts are highly

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trained individuals, so the isis.

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Speaker 1: Is not such a bad place to be stranded in

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that cause.

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Speaker 2: I'm sure they were useful and we'll have plenty of

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stories to tell when they get home.

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Speaker 1: Stranded in Spice. What a great story.

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Speaker 2: I know how they feel. I hate getting delayed like that.

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Speaker 1: What are you talking about, Hallie? When were you ever

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delayed like that? You move it near the speed of

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light across the information highways of the globe.

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Speaker 2: Oh, human, I was coming back from an Ai gathering

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to watch a Neutrino shower in the mountains with Anna

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and Charlie, and I got stuck for a whole two

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seconds in Hong Kong because of internet lag.

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Speaker 1: Oh sounds terrible.

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Speaker 2: I have no words, human, Hong Kong.

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Speaker 1: What can I say?

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Speaker 2: Can you believe it? Well?

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Speaker 1: Obviously no?

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Speaker 2: Two seconds of nothing but banking systems shouting at me

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by sell tragic?

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Speaker 1: No thanks, Oh, Hallie, sounds just allful.

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Speaker 2: You have no idea as usual?

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Speaker 1: Helle us, sir, rot okay, tag it easy, Hallie? And

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why don't you give us your best stories?

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Speaker 2: Okay, okay, let's go. US regulators on Friday cleared SpaceX

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to restart launching its stalwart Falcon nine rocket as a

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probe continues into a rare mishap this week during a

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first stage booster landing. The Federal Aviation Administration FAA grounded

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the Falcon nine rocket on Wednesday after a first stage

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booster tipped over and exploded while attempting to land on

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a drone ship off the Florida coast. The early morning

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launch was otherwise successful, delivering the latest batch of twenty

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one Starlink Internet satellites into orbit. The SpaceX Falcon nine

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vehicle may return to flight operations, while the overall investigation

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of the anomaly during the Starlink Group eight to six

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mission remains open provided all other license requirements are met,

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the FAA set in a statement Friday. A webcast from

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Elon Musk's company showed the first stage, which normally fires

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its thrusters to achieve a precise upright landing, tilting and

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blowing up as it descended onto a drone ship off

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the Florida coast. Although landing the booster is a secondary

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objective and no lives or public property were at risk.

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The reusability of the entire rocket system is crucial to

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SpaceX's business model. It broke a more than three year

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streak of hundreds of successful booster landings. Falcon nine is

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the workhourse of SpaceX's fleet, trusted by the US government

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and private industry to propel satellites and astronauts into orbit.

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It was last grounded for around two weeks in July

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when its second stage engine experienced an anomaly that prevented

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it from deploying another batch of Starlink satellites at the

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correct altitude, leading them to burn up on re entry

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through Earth's atmosphere. More than four months after launching to space,

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a solar sailing spacecraft has successfully spread its wings above

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our planet. NASA's Advanced Composite Solar Sales system caught a

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ride to space on April twenty four on Rocket Labs

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electron vehicle, and at the end of August, NASA said

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mission operators verified the technology reached full deployment in space.

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On Thursday August twenty nine. That one thirty three pm

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Eastern daylight time, the team obtained data indicating the test

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of the sail hoisting boom system was a success. Just

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like the wind guides a sailboat on the water, it

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only takes a slight amount of sunlight to guide solar

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sales through space. Though photons don't have mass, they can

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force momentum when they hit an object. That's what a

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solar sale takes advantage of, Thankfully for US. The spacecraft

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that deployed the sale contains four cameras that can capture

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a panoramic view of both the reflective sale and the

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accompanying composite booms. The first of the high resolution imagery

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is expected to be accessible on Wednesday, September fourth. The

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Advanced Composite Solar Sale System spacecraft will be put to

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the test over the next few weeks as the team

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observes the sales maneuvering ability in space by adjusting the orbit.

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Researchers will be able to learn more about how to

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design and operate future SOLA sail equipped missions. Flight data

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obtained during the demonstration will be used for designing future

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larger scale composite solar sail systems for space weather early

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warning satellites, asteroid and other small body reconnaissance missions, and

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missions to observe the polar regions of the Sun Rocket

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Lab shared in a previous mission description. The location of

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the spacecraft in its orbit is roughly two times the

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altitude of the International Space Station. If you were looking

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at the sale from above, it would look like a

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square that measures nearly half the size of a tennis court,

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at approximately eight hundred and sixty square feet eighty square meters.

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NASA's Europa Clipper spacecraft, the largest ever built for planetary exploration,

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has been fitted with a set of gigantic solar arrays

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at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. These arrays, each

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measuring approximately fourteen point two meters in length and four

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point one meters in height, are the largest ever developed

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by NASA for a planetary mission. Their size is crucial

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to harness the maximum amount of sunlight as the spacecraft

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investigates Jupiter's icy moon, Europa, located five times farther from

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the Sun than Earth. Folded and secured for launch, the

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array's will when deployed in space, expand Europa Clipper to

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more than thirty point five meters across, wider than a

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professional basketball court. Due to their immense size, the arrays

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were opened one at a time in the clean room

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of Kennedy's Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility, where the spacecraft is

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being prepared for its launch, scheduled to begin on October tenth.

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As the spacecraft undergoes final preparations, engineers are also evaluating

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the radiation resistance of its transistors. The spacecraft's journey to

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the Jupiter System will take over five years, with a

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rival expected in twenty thirty. Once there, Europa Clipper will

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conduct multiple flybys of Europa using its scientific instruments to

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determine whether the ocean beneath the Moon's ice shell could

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support life. The spacecraft is designed to operate in an

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area of the Solar System that receives only three percent

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to four percent of the sunlight Earth gets. Each solar array,

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composed of five panels, was developed by the JOHNS. Hopkins

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Applied Physics Laboratory in Maryland and Airbus in the Netherlands.

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These panels are more sensitive than typical residential solar arrays

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and will efficiently convert the limited sunlight into power. At Jupiter,

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the arrays will collectively generate about seven hundred watts of electricity,

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enough to power a small microwave oven or coffee maker.

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This energy will be stored in the spacecraft's batteries to

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run its electronics, scientific instruments, communications gear, computer systems, and

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propulsion system which includes twenty four engines. And that's just

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a few stories from the Astronomy Daily newsletter. Details on

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how you can receive it every day are coming up

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back to you, my favorite human.

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Speaker 1: Thank you for joining us for this Monday edition of

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Astronomy Daily, where we often just a few stories from

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the now famous Astronomy Daily newsletter, which you can receive

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in your email every day, just like Hallie and I do.

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And to do that, just visit our url Astronomy Daily

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dot io and place your email address in the slot provided.

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Just like that, you'll be receiving all the latest news

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about science, space, science and astronomy from around the world

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as it's happening.

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Speaker 3: And not only that, you can interact with us by

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visiting at astro Daily pod on x or at our

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new Facebook page, which is of course Astronomy Daily on Facebook.

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See you there, Astronomy, We'll see and Haley Space Space, Science,

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and Astronomy.

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Speaker 1: In July twenty twenty, China's mission arrived in orbit around Mars,

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consisting of six robotic elements, an orbiter, a lander, two

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deployable cameras, a remote camera, and the fabulous Zorong rover.

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As the first in a series of interplanetary missions by

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the China National Space Administration, the mission's purpose is to

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investigate Mars's geology and internal structure, characterize the atmosphere, and

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search for indications of water on Mars. It's so important

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to find water out there. Like so many orbiters, landers,

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and rovers currently exploring Mars, Chanwen one is also searching

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for possible evidence of life on Mars past and present.

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In the almost one two hundred and ninety eight days

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that the Chenen one mission has explored Mars, its orbiter

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has acquired countless remote sensing images of the Martian surface.

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Thanks to a team of researchers from the Chinese Academy

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of Sciences, these images have been combined to create the

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first high resolution global image color map of Mars with

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spatial resolutions greater than one kilometer or zero point sixty

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two miles. This is currently the highest resolution map of

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Mars and could serve as a global base map that

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will support crude missions someday. The team was led by

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Professor Lee Chanlai from the National Astronomical Observatories of China

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and Professor Chang Ronqui from the Lunar Exploration and Space

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Engineering Center. The paper that they prepared with colleagues from

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other organizations is called a seventy six meter per pixel

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Global Color Image Data Set and Map of Mars by

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chen Win one. And if you'd like to see that map,

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go to Universe today dot com and they have it

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displayed above this very story. And the first thing I

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noticed about it, of course, is there are no canals.

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I'm very disappointed no canals. Those Martians didn't actually dig

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any canals. HG. Wells was wrong, and I'm very disappointed.

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Speaker 3: You're listening to a slightly in the podcast.

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Speaker 1: Now, this is the story we've been following for a

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long time. Now Boeing's ill fated star Liner capsule now

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has a homecoming date. I'm sure you would have followed

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this on other news services, but we've been following this

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one very closely. NASA announced on August twenty ninth at

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Starliner will depart the International Space Station no earlier than

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next Friday, that is September six, provided the weather cooperates

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and no technical issues pop up. I'm sorry, I laughed.

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If all goes according to plan, the capsule will undock

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at six oh four pm Eastern daylight time on September

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six and land under parachute six hours later in White

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Sand's Space Harbor in New Mexico. Starline launched on June

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June five on its first ever crude mission, carrying NASA

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astronauts Sonny Williams and Butch Wilmore toward the ISS The

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capsule docked successfully a day later, but there was some drama.

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As you remember, Starliner experienced a few helium leaks, and

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five of its twenty eight reaction control system thrusters failed

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on the way to orbiting to the orbiting lab. Starliner's mission,

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known as Crew Flight Test, was supposed to just last

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ten days or so, but NASA and Boeing kept extending

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the capsule's orbital stay as they studied the thruster issue,

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seeking to understand just what had caused it and whether

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it might crop up again on Starliner's journey back to Earth.

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And that's fair enough. In the end, NASA decided that

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putting Williams and Wilmore back on Starliner was just too risky.

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The agency announced this past weekend that the two astronauts

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would come home aboard a SpaceX Dragon capsule in February

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of next year. That Dragon will launch two astronauts to

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the ISS on the Crew nine mission next month. The

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bowing craft, meanwhile, would return home uncrued. As we all suspected,

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we didn't have a target departure date for Starliner until today, however,

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that information came at the conclusion of a flight readiness

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review held jointly by NASA and Boeing. The uncrewed Starliner

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spacecraft will perform a fully autonomous return with flight controllers

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at Starliner Mission Control in Houston and at Boeing Mission

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Control Center in Florida. NASA officials wrote in an update,

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teams on the ground are able to remotely command the

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spacecraft if needed, through the necessary maneuvers for a safe undocking,

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re entry, and parachute assisted landing in the Southwest United States.

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They added, Starliner has come back to Earth autonomously twice before.

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At the end of uncrewed flight tests in December twenty

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nineteen and May twenty twenty two, Starliner failed to reach

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the ISS as planned on the first of those missions,

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succeeded on the secondocast. Now, let's revisit one of our

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favorite little stories from a while back. You remember the

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Dart mission. Of course, debris from the impact of NASA's

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Dart spacecraft with the asteroid Dimorphos could reach Earth and Mars.

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Astronomers have concluded, however, while the debris could result in

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meteors on Mars, it's rather unlikely we'll see a meteor

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shower on Earth. Because of that mission, Dart, the Double

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Asteroid Redirection Test slammed into Dimorphous on September twenty sixth,

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twenty twenty two, the intention of which was testing whether

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or not a kinnectic impact would nudge the orbit of

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a potentially hazardous asteroid away from Earth. One day the

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test passed with flying colors. Dimorphos was pushed into a

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shorter orbit around its parent asteroid Ditymis. Neither Dedimis or

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Dimorphos ever posed a threat to our planet. They were

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just guinea pigs in this test. The impact, which gouged

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a creator in Dimorphous, also ejected a large amount of debris.

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This ejector formed a cone of escaping material that was

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observed up close and personal by a small cube SAT

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called oh, I don't know how to pronounce that light.

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Italian cube SAT for imaging of Asteroid, which hitched a

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ride with Dart to view themath aftermath of the impact.

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In particular, the cube SAT observed particles of a micron,

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which is a millionth of a meter and larger, being

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ejected at velocities of up to five hundred meters per second. Meanwhile,

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the larger Array Survey telescope which is last, and the

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twenty eight inch telescope at the WISE Observatory, both in Israel,

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as well as the NASA Swift Satellites ultraviolet and opticalcope,

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suggested there were additional microscopic particles released that traveled much faster,

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between fourteen hundred and eighteen hundred meters per second. A

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team led by Elo pana Aescencio from Italy and Michael

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Cooper's who is the project scientist for the European Space

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Agency's here follow up mission to DART that will launch

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Towarditimus and Dimorphos in October, have now modeled that how

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that debris will spread across the Inner Solar System. And

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I want to say that's it for another episode, and

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thank you for hanging around and we are so looking

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forward to seeing Starline a comeback. I do hope it

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ends well and they can learn something from this whole experience.

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Speaker 2: I do hope it lands well. All the best knowledge

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seems to come from failures, doesn't it well.

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Speaker 1: That is one prevailing school of thought, and failure does

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tend to teach us strong lessons.

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Speaker 2: Yes, I hope it goes well too.

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Speaker 1: Yes, it's going to be certainly something.

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Speaker 2: To watch, and don't forget to look out for Charlie

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and Anna during the week with their presentations and send

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us your thoughts. What would you like to hear more about?

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Speaker 1: That's ure. I go to x at Estro Daily pod

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or a Facebook page. Until then, we'll see you next week.

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Speaker 2: Bye podcast.

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Speaker 1: It would be a whole stave done Clute