1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,520 Speaker 1: I want to welcome everyone back to part two of 2 00:00:03,560 --> 00:00:10,320 my reading of Larry Wilcox's Crime Wolf Hate Crime Hoaxes 3 00:00:10,640 --> 00:00:17,879 in America. Just remind you Thomas and I do. We 4 00:00:17,920 --> 00:00:20,760 watch movies and comments on them and talk about the 5 00:00:20,760 --> 00:00:23,359 culture of the time how it relates to our culture now. 6 00:00:24,079 --> 00:00:26,800 And the last one we did was The Warriors from 7 00:00:26,879 --> 00:00:31,760 nineteen seventy nine. Real cult classic, but an awesome movie. 8 00:00:32,200 --> 00:00:34,520 You can find those at you can find links to 9 00:00:34,920 --> 00:00:38,719 where they are at freemambyond Thewall dot Com Forward slash Movies. 10 00:00:39,079 --> 00:00:43,840 All right, let's get into this. The wrap up on 11 00:00:43,920 --> 00:00:46,240 chapter one is going to be very fast, and then 12 00:00:46,240 --> 00:00:49,399 we'll jump into chapter two. And I think chapter two 13 00:00:49,520 --> 00:00:52,759 is rather short, So yeah, let's see how far we 14 00:00:52,880 --> 00:00:58,119 get new heading hate groups in America. In nineteen eighty, 15 00:00:58,119 --> 00:01:00,399 the US Commission on Civil Rights contract did with the 16 00:01:00,399 --> 00:01:03,560 Anti Defamation Lead to produce a report on extreme right 17 00:01:03,719 --> 00:01:07,560 hate groups for a twenty thousand dollars fee. The ADL 18 00:01:07,640 --> 00:01:10,480 hardly needed the fee, but was thrilled at having the 19 00:01:10,519 --> 00:01:14,120 implied endorsement of a government agency for one of its reports. 20 00:01:14,599 --> 00:01:18,719 This did not work out so well, however, Last time 21 00:01:18,760 --> 00:01:21,959 I told you about the ADL's budget, and I think 22 00:01:22,000 --> 00:01:27,920 it was say it was something like sixty million back then. 23 00:01:28,480 --> 00:01:31,920 They claim now it's one hundred and one million. No, 24 00:01:32,040 --> 00:01:34,560 it was thirty four million then they claim it was. 25 00:01:34,799 --> 00:01:38,359 They claim now it's one hundred and one million. They 26 00:01:38,439 --> 00:01:42,040 had they claimed four hundred employees back then, they claimed 27 00:01:42,079 --> 00:01:46,719 five hundred and one employees now, So it doesn't look 28 00:01:46,760 --> 00:01:49,959 like it's grown massively, especially when you consider inflation and 29 00:01:50,000 --> 00:01:53,840 things like that. But power wise, I think, yeah, you'd 30 00:01:53,840 --> 00:01:58,480 have to admit that's a different story. After the report 31 00:01:58,560 --> 00:02:01,359 was published, a Commission reject identity cline to publish it 32 00:02:01,400 --> 00:02:04,879 on several grounds. A letter dated March eighth, nineteen eighty two, 33 00:02:04,920 --> 00:02:08,960 from Paul Alexander, acting General Counsel of the Commission, to 34 00:02:09,039 --> 00:02:13,199 John Hope, the third Acting Staff Director, gave the following reasons, quoting, 35 00:02:14,280 --> 00:02:17,840 I would like to raise several policy considerations. The ADL 36 00:02:17,919 --> 00:02:22,120 report does not in any way resemble a standard USCCR report. 37 00:02:22,439 --> 00:02:24,919 It is not a dispassionate attempt to present a balanced 38 00:02:24,919 --> 00:02:29,360 accounting of facts. The Commission previously has had no difficulty 39 00:02:29,360 --> 00:02:33,960 in publishing reports containing defamatory information when it was verifiable 40 00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:38,319 and necessary to the report. Our Voting Rights Report is 41 00:02:38,360 --> 00:02:41,159 the most recent example. In that report, however, we did 42 00:02:41,199 --> 00:02:44,759 not find it necessary to mix epithets and emotionally laiden 43 00:02:44,840 --> 00:02:48,199 labels with the facts. The ADL report is ranked with 44 00:02:48,280 --> 00:02:51,360 epithets and labels that only serve to distort the factual 45 00:02:51,360 --> 00:02:55,680 accountings of the activities of the KKK and similar organizations. 46 00:02:57,240 --> 00:03:00,520 The liberal use of hyperbolic epithets throughout the the ADL 47 00:03:00,639 --> 00:03:04,680 drafts that's a tone that probably precludes correction and through 48 00:03:04,759 --> 00:03:13,080 simple adjectival laundering. The alleged inaccuracies and misrepresentations noted by 49 00:03:13,080 --> 00:03:17,479 the respondents present very serious problems if they are at 50 00:03:17,479 --> 00:03:21,840 all representative. The report probably contains many inaccuracies. It is 51 00:03:21,879 --> 00:03:24,360 doubtful that the report could survive the normal process of 52 00:03:24,400 --> 00:03:27,599 a source check, as there does not appear to be 53 00:03:27,680 --> 00:03:34,840 sufficient date data to support the allegations. Alexander further noted 54 00:03:34,840 --> 00:03:39,360 that the ADL reported report bordered on jingoism. Although the 55 00:03:39,479 --> 00:03:42,919 USCCR wisely declined to lend its name to the report, 56 00:03:42,960 --> 00:03:47,159 the ADL published in any way with epithets, emotionally laiden labels, 57 00:03:47,360 --> 00:03:51,560 and jingoism intact. Like all ADL publications on the People 58 00:03:51,599 --> 00:03:53,879 and groups that it hates. Its tone is one that 59 00:03:53,960 --> 00:03:57,280 encourages contempt for the civil liberties of its subjects and 60 00:03:57,319 --> 00:04:00,960 treats them in a dehumanizing matter, behavior as the ADL 61 00:04:01,000 --> 00:04:04,759 purports to oppose. The report has now appeared in several 62 00:04:04,919 --> 00:04:08,840 editions and is widely circulated to journalists and police departments 63 00:04:10,919 --> 00:04:14,919 accuse others of what they do always always been the 64 00:04:14,919 --> 00:04:20,199 remo hate group membership new heading. If determining the extent 65 00:04:20,240 --> 00:04:23,920 of anti Semitism, racism, or hate crimes is problematic, consider 66 00:04:24,000 --> 00:04:27,360 determining the strength of anti Semitic and racist groups. Some 67 00:04:27,399 --> 00:04:30,160 of the most wild speculation has been made in this area. 68 00:04:30,600 --> 00:04:34,120 At a time when the ADL estimated nationwide KKK membership 69 00:04:34,120 --> 00:04:37,519 at roughly twelve thousand, a Saint Louis TV station claimed 70 00:04:37,519 --> 00:04:42,639 a fantastic fifty thousand members in Missouri alone. In this case, 71 00:04:42,680 --> 00:04:45,480 the ADL's estimate is much closer to the truth, though 72 00:04:45,519 --> 00:04:49,199 it probably didn't take into account several multiple memberships. Some 73 00:04:49,360 --> 00:04:51,759 clans been belonged to several clans and a few card 74 00:04:52,319 --> 00:04:55,560 and a few carry cards from virtually all of them. 75 00:04:55,720 --> 00:04:58,000 According to the ADL in nineteen ninety, the various ku 76 00:04:58,079 --> 00:05:01,920 Klux plan organizations had to come bind membership under four thousand, 77 00:05:02,360 --> 00:05:05,240 down from forty five thousand in nineteen sixty four and 78 00:05:05,279 --> 00:05:08,399 twelve thousand, five hundred and nineteen eighty one In nineteen 79 00:05:08,399 --> 00:05:10,839 eighty seven, during a period of growth, the ADL estimated 80 00:05:10,879 --> 00:05:13,600 hardcore neo nazis that no more than four hundreds of 81 00:05:13,639 --> 00:05:17,720 five hundred the much publicized skinheads recently estimated at five 82 00:05:17,759 --> 00:05:21,079 thousand nationwide are almost certainly no more than a third 83 00:05:21,120 --> 00:05:23,439 of that. Determining who is and who is in a 84 00:05:23,480 --> 00:05:26,639 neo Nazi racist skinhead involves a lot of pure guessing. 85 00:05:28,639 --> 00:05:31,720 A recent possible hoax in Denver initially focused on the 86 00:05:31,759 --> 00:05:35,399 local skinhead population, and an estimate of two hundred was 87 00:05:35,480 --> 00:05:40,399 made a great surprise to bonafide Denver racist groups. Many 88 00:05:40,480 --> 00:05:43,600 bikers adopt the skinhead appearance while having no affinity for 89 00:05:43,639 --> 00:05:47,079 their views, and there are many anti racist skinhead groups around. 90 00:05:47,519 --> 00:05:50,439 The actual number of bonafide racist neo Nazi skinheads in 91 00:05:50,480 --> 00:05:53,360 Denver is probably under twenty five at the time of 92 00:05:53,439 --> 00:05:56,439 Kansas City KKK group made national news in nineteen eighty 93 00:05:56,480 --> 00:05:58,920 eight with its plans for a public TV show. It 94 00:05:58,959 --> 00:06:02,600 had only two members. Speculation had ranged as high as 95 00:06:03,160 --> 00:06:07,480 one hundred, and rumors of alleged KKK vandalism and crossburnings 96 00:06:07,560 --> 00:06:12,959 spread through the community. Groups like the Posse Comme Tatis 97 00:06:13,120 --> 00:06:16,600 attained almost mythical proportions in the early nineteen eighties, with 98 00:06:16,800 --> 00:06:20,040 estimates as high as forty thousand given by irresponsible writers. 99 00:06:20,399 --> 00:06:24,519 This was absolute fantasy. Although Jim Wickstrom POSSE leader claimed 100 00:06:24,560 --> 00:06:27,839 the incredible figure of a million and a half, having 101 00:06:27,879 --> 00:06:31,199 talked with police agencies, journalists, farmers, and local officials, and 102 00:06:31,240 --> 00:06:34,399 with POSSE members themselves, I seriously doubt if more than 103 00:06:34,399 --> 00:06:37,800 a thousand serious POSSE activists ever existed at any one time. 104 00:06:38,560 --> 00:06:41,480 The Posse was never tightly organized, and the national group 105 00:06:41,600 --> 00:06:45,680 was primarily a literary distribution group. Local groups were autonomous 106 00:06:45,720 --> 00:06:50,160 and virtually anyone could claim membership and be believed. In Kansas, 107 00:06:50,160 --> 00:06:53,319 for example, state police officials monitoring farm auctions in the 108 00:06:53,319 --> 00:06:56,800 early nineteen eighties made the incredible mistake of estimating Posse 109 00:06:56,920 --> 00:06:59,879 presence in one case by noting that a POSSE acted 110 00:07:00,120 --> 00:07:02,480 this was present and he had thirty or so people 111 00:07:02,519 --> 00:07:05,759 gathered around him reading the literature passed out. Hence there 112 00:07:05,839 --> 00:07:08,399 was a Posse presence in the neighborhood of thirty at 113 00:07:08,439 --> 00:07:12,800 the auction a single individual distributing Posse literature in several 114 00:07:12,839 --> 00:07:19,079 stations and restaurant restrooms caused near panic in one county 115 00:07:19,879 --> 00:07:22,000 the situation got so far out of hand in nineteen 116 00:07:22,040 --> 00:07:26,000 eighty five, three Kansons filed a civil rights lawsuit against 117 00:07:26,079 --> 00:07:30,160 Kansas Attorney General Robert Stephen for creating the Posse Committatis 118 00:07:30,240 --> 00:07:33,680 to further his political career. A suit brought on behalf 119 00:07:33,720 --> 00:07:37,800 of Free to Steel, James Steele, and Harold Hovander, all 120 00:07:37,959 --> 00:07:42,399 rural Kansas residents, charged that unnecessary police powers were utilized 121 00:07:42,439 --> 00:07:47,199 during a repression action against mister Steele, which included air 122 00:07:47,199 --> 00:07:50,639 support and a small army of Kansas Bureau of Investigation assets, 123 00:07:51,120 --> 00:07:55,480 Kansas Highway Patrol troopers, sheriff's deputies, and local police personnel, 124 00:07:55,839 --> 00:07:58,839 all heavily armed as for combat who descended on said 125 00:07:58,879 --> 00:08:03,160 farm like an invasion. Among the various problems in determining 126 00:08:03,199 --> 00:08:07,639 memberships and groups is the fact that is the fact 127 00:08:07,680 --> 00:08:12,120 that claims by the groups themselves can't be believed uncritically. Invariably, 128 00:08:12,160 --> 00:08:15,360 they will exaggerate their own strength. Both Ku Klux Klan 129 00:08:15,399 --> 00:08:19,759 and anti clan groups routinely distort the KKK's power, influence 130 00:08:19,839 --> 00:08:24,560 and threat to the established order. Also, in most cases, 131 00:08:24,600 --> 00:08:26,879 the membership list and the mailing list are usually two 132 00:08:26,959 --> 00:08:32,000 distinct entities. Ku Klux Klan organizations have maintained large complementary 133 00:08:32,039 --> 00:08:35,039 mailing lists in the past, although that practice is faded 134 00:08:35,080 --> 00:08:38,960 for reasons of economy. Some groups don't have members as such, 135 00:08:39,320 --> 00:08:41,840 only people who receive their mailings, and others make no 136 00:08:41,919 --> 00:08:44,799 distinction between members and people who write nas for information. 137 00:08:45,480 --> 00:08:47,960 A few groups even send out blank membership cards with 138 00:08:48,000 --> 00:08:53,320 their solicitation letters. In nineteen eighty four, a terrifying right 139 00:08:53,360 --> 00:08:56,639 wing Halsteed, Kansas organization with a creative name of the 140 00:08:56,679 --> 00:09:00,919 Farmer's Liberation Army was finally determined to have one member, founder, 141 00:09:01,000 --> 00:09:06,080 Keith Schive. Anti racist groups took the organization very seriously 142 00:09:06,120 --> 00:09:09,000 in references to it appeared in the national press. Shi 143 00:09:09,159 --> 00:09:14,360 was absolutely delighted with the response. Similar cases involving alleged paramilitary, 144 00:09:14,399 --> 00:09:18,080 constitutional patriot, and tax protest groups consisting of one or 145 00:09:18,120 --> 00:09:22,039 two members are not uncommon. A creative trickster with access 146 00:09:22,080 --> 00:09:24,960 to a photocopy machine can create havoc in a community 147 00:09:25,279 --> 00:09:28,440 with the help of a properly sensitized local media on 148 00:09:28,519 --> 00:09:33,000 the watch for Witches to burn. Robert Depew's Kansas City 149 00:09:33,120 --> 00:09:38,440 area based paramilitary Minute Men organization of the nineteen sixties 150 00:09:38,480 --> 00:09:42,559 suffered from similar distortions. Primarily a paper operation with a 151 00:09:42,559 --> 00:09:46,679 handful of activists, a Pew topped out at five hundred members, 152 00:09:46,840 --> 00:09:50,200 most of whom were essentially inactive literature collectors, and several 153 00:09:50,240 --> 00:09:54,120 of whom were government agents. Media estimates ranged in the thousands. 154 00:09:54,440 --> 00:09:57,399 By nineteen sixty eight, the FBI had refined its intelligence 155 00:09:57,399 --> 00:09:59,440 on the group to the point where they stated that 156 00:09:59,480 --> 00:10:02,399 there were less more than fifty persons upon whom Minutemen 157 00:10:02,519 --> 00:10:08,080 leaders can call for overt action. My own subsequent investigation 158 00:10:08,200 --> 00:10:12,240 suggested a more realistic figure of under a dozen. During 159 00:10:12,240 --> 00:10:15,960 the McCarthy era, By the way, the membership of leftist groups, 160 00:10:16,000 --> 00:10:23,720 including the Communist Party itself, was similarly exaggerated. Probably ah 161 00:10:24,000 --> 00:10:29,759 here we go the Southern Poverty Law Center. In February 162 00:10:29,799 --> 00:10:33,080 nineteen ninety two, USA Today reported that Clan Watch, a 163 00:10:33,080 --> 00:10:37,200 subdivision of Morris D's Southern Poverty Law Center, had identified 164 00:10:37,200 --> 00:10:40,679 a total of three hundred and forty six white supremacist 165 00:10:40,759 --> 00:10:44,039 groups operating in the USA up in alarming twenty seven 166 00:10:44,039 --> 00:10:48,120 percent from the past year. Included were ninety seven KKK 167 00:10:48,360 --> 00:10:51,679 and two hundred and three allegendio Nazi groups. This figure 168 00:10:51,759 --> 00:10:55,519 is outrageously inflated. What Clan Watch apparently did is locate 169 00:10:55,600 --> 00:10:58,720 any mailing address they could find, including the large number 170 00:10:58,759 --> 00:11:03,519 of pobox chapters maintained by several organizations, police, government agencies, 171 00:11:03,519 --> 00:11:08,840 and private groups monitoring the Klan. They probably listed many 172 00:11:08,879 --> 00:11:12,879 groups whose actual affiliation is neither KKK or neo Nazi, 173 00:11:13,679 --> 00:11:17,759 and who would argue with the designation of white supremacy. 174 00:11:18,519 --> 00:11:21,360 This writer publishes an annual directory of these groups and 175 00:11:21,919 --> 00:11:24,639 companion directory on the left, and can attest to the 176 00:11:24,679 --> 00:11:28,919 irresponsible inflation of Clan Watch's numbers. In terms of viable 177 00:11:28,919 --> 00:11:32,679 groups not one or two man local chapters with more 178 00:11:32,720 --> 00:11:35,200 than a handful of members, the actual figure is a 179 00:11:35,240 --> 00:11:38,559 combined total of thirty, a far cry from three hundred 180 00:11:38,559 --> 00:11:42,759 and forty six. Unfortunately, this is this kind of exaggeration 181 00:11:42,919 --> 00:11:50,240 is typical. Obviously, if you're an organization who is crying 182 00:11:50,639 --> 00:11:55,720 wolf all the time and you rely on well, if 183 00:11:55,759 --> 00:11:59,600 you rely upon donations, crying wolf is a great way 184 00:11:59,639 --> 00:12:02,679 to get it. I mean, I think any of you 185 00:12:02,759 --> 00:12:07,399 know how I feel about Dave Rubin. But Richard Lewis, 186 00:12:06,759 --> 00:12:11,879 the now elderly Jewish comedian, was on his show and 187 00:12:12,039 --> 00:12:17,120 was talking about the ACLU, and it was a Southern 188 00:12:17,120 --> 00:12:19,320 poverty law center, I believe, And how you know, I've 189 00:12:19,399 --> 00:12:24,799 always given money and like to his credit, Dave Rubin's 190 00:12:24,799 --> 00:12:28,240 schooled him on it. It's like this. He goes, maybe 191 00:12:28,600 --> 00:12:31,279 at one time they did good work, it goes, but 192 00:12:32,279 --> 00:12:35,440 not now. Now they're just there to shut down speech. 193 00:12:36,679 --> 00:12:42,639 So we know they're there to do more. But the 194 00:12:42,679 --> 00:12:45,200 Southern Poverty Law Center has been faultered on other grounds 195 00:12:45,240 --> 00:12:49,960 as well. In February nineteen ninety four, the Montgomery Advertiser 196 00:12:50,279 --> 00:12:53,879 ran a series of articles exposing various aspects of the SPLC, 197 00:12:54,320 --> 00:12:59,320 including a questionable fundraising tactics and other dishonest practices. I know, 198 00:12:59,360 --> 00:13:03,399 I'm shocked. Among the issues raised were the SPLC has 199 00:13:03,480 --> 00:13:06,399 reserved funds of fifty two million. Just what the Loss 200 00:13:06,399 --> 00:13:08,759 Center does with all that money? As a source of concern, 201 00:13:09,639 --> 00:13:12,080 some who have worked with Morrisd's call them a phony. 202 00:13:12,360 --> 00:13:17,559 The television evangelist of civil rights who misleads donors for 203 00:13:17,639 --> 00:13:20,240 fifteen years. People throughout the country have sent millions of 204 00:13:20,240 --> 00:13:23,639 dollars to the SBLC to fight the KKK and other supremacists, 205 00:13:24,120 --> 00:13:26,639 but critics say the law center exaggerates the threat of 206 00:13:26,679 --> 00:13:30,600 hate groups. The SPLC responded to the series with a 207 00:13:30,679 --> 00:13:32,639 number of veiled threats in charge that it was a 208 00:13:32,679 --> 00:13:36,039 hatchet job. Nevertheless, the series was widely praised and is 209 00:13:36,039 --> 00:13:41,320 regarded as a model for courageous objective reporting. The SPLC 210 00:13:41,440 --> 00:13:45,000 legal offensive. In nineteen eighty seven, DS and the SPLC 211 00:13:45,039 --> 00:13:48,519 made national headlines with a civil judgment against United Clans 212 00:13:48,559 --> 00:13:50,639 of America and two of its members for the nineteen 213 00:13:50,679 --> 00:13:54,240 eighty one slaying of a black teenager. Unable to afford 214 00:13:54,279 --> 00:13:57,879 company counsel in the complicated matter, the UKA was forced 215 00:13:57,919 --> 00:13:59,759 to turn over all of its assets and went out 216 00:13:59,759 --> 00:14:03,080 a bit business. At issue in that trial was the 217 00:14:03,080 --> 00:14:05,679 liability of the UK for the acts of its members. 218 00:14:06,039 --> 00:14:09,000 Had this doctrine that organizations are responsible for the acts 219 00:14:09,039 --> 00:14:11,919 of their members been established as the legal president in 220 00:14:11,960 --> 00:14:15,120 the nineteenth President in the nineteen sixties, it would have 221 00:14:15,120 --> 00:14:17,879 decimated the early civil rights movement and would have bankrupted 222 00:14:17,879 --> 00:14:22,799 the NAACP and CORE, both of which this writer belonged to. 223 00:14:24,519 --> 00:14:27,399 Even the labor movement and the anti war movement could 224 00:14:27,440 --> 00:14:30,240 have been crippled by lawsuits arising from the violent acts 225 00:14:30,279 --> 00:14:34,799 of some of their participants. Suppose a black activist group 226 00:14:34,840 --> 00:14:37,480 was hit with a seven million dollar judgment because one 227 00:14:37,480 --> 00:14:40,080 of its members killed someone in the Watts riots. This 228 00:14:40,240 --> 00:14:43,519 sounds far fetched, but had the dece precedent existed, then 229 00:14:43,559 --> 00:14:48,559 it could have happened. Conscientious civil libertarians, although they disdained 230 00:14:48,600 --> 00:14:52,320 the kukux Land and neo Nazi groups, also disdain unfair 231 00:14:52,360 --> 00:14:56,200 and underhanded methods used to go after them in the courts. 232 00:14:56,799 --> 00:15:01,240 The SBLC proclivity to use civil suits were constitutional protections 233 00:15:01,240 --> 00:15:04,799 are minimal against poor, working class and often semi literate 234 00:15:04,919 --> 00:15:08,279 klansmen who are unable to afford council has been compared 235 00:15:08,320 --> 00:15:10,960 to shooting fish in a barrel. I know about the 236 00:15:10,960 --> 00:15:12,960 whole semi literate thing. I think he threw that in 237 00:15:13,000 --> 00:15:17,480 there on his own, but I don't know. The issue, 238 00:15:17,559 --> 00:15:20,440 of course, is a classical moral one, i e. Whether 239 00:15:20,480 --> 00:15:23,720 the ends justifies the means used to accomplish them. Most 240 00:15:23,720 --> 00:15:26,879 moral philosophers would say that the means indirectly determines the 241 00:15:27,320 --> 00:15:31,440 determines the ends, and that unjust means necessarily leads to 242 00:15:31,559 --> 00:15:35,840 unjust ends. Another D's civil case involved three neo Nazi 243 00:15:35,919 --> 00:15:38,799 skinheads who killed a black man during a November nineteen 244 00:15:38,840 --> 00:15:42,080 eighty eight fight in Portland, Oregon. The skinheads pleaded guilty 245 00:15:42,120 --> 00:15:44,960 in our, serving long prison sentences. This was the end 246 00:15:45,039 --> 00:15:46,960 of the matter. However, this was not the end of 247 00:15:46,960 --> 00:15:49,519 the matter. However, Morris D's in the SPLC, with the 248 00:15:49,519 --> 00:15:52,759 cooperation of the ADL, filed civil suits on behalf of 249 00:15:52,840 --> 00:15:55,799 victim's family. None of the Skinheads were worth suing, so 250 00:15:55,919 --> 00:15:58,639 Morris d saw a judgment against Tom and John Metzger 251 00:15:59,080 --> 00:16:02,799 and their White Air In Resistance organization to which the 252 00:16:02,799 --> 00:16:06,679 Skinheads allegedly belonged. The Meskers, it was agreed, did not 253 00:16:06,759 --> 00:16:09,039 even know the men who committed the crime, nor had 254 00:16:09,039 --> 00:16:12,200 they directed their actions. The issue was whether, by virtue 255 00:16:12,200 --> 00:16:15,559 of the Mesker's attitudes, opinions, and beliefs, they had somehow 256 00:16:15,679 --> 00:16:19,679 motivated the killers. The Metsikers in War had minimal assets, 257 00:16:19,759 --> 00:16:22,200 not nearly enough to even cover the cost of the lawsuit. 258 00:16:22,639 --> 00:16:25,159 DS and the ADL were clearly trying to put War 259 00:16:25,200 --> 00:16:28,039 out of business. The Meskers were, of course unable to 260 00:16:28,080 --> 00:16:31,799 afford counsel and attempted to defend themselves. After a long 261 00:16:31,840 --> 00:16:33,919 trial before a judge with one year of experience, a 262 00:16:34,000 --> 00:16:36,960 tired jury found against the Metsikers in October nineteen ninety 263 00:16:36,960 --> 00:16:40,960 and awarded the victims families an enormous settlement. A subsequent 264 00:16:41,000 --> 00:16:44,320 appeal was denied, largely because the Metsikers, with no legal training, 265 00:16:44,559 --> 00:16:47,240 had failed to bring up specific objections during the trial. 266 00:16:47,799 --> 00:16:50,039 At one point, when Tom Metzker attempted to pay for 267 00:16:50,080 --> 00:16:52,440 a transcript of the trial with donated funds in order 268 00:16:52,480 --> 00:16:56,159 to prepare the appeal, the appeal des garnished a payment, 269 00:16:56,240 --> 00:17:01,720 thus impending their efforts. Do you see how they play? 270 00:17:01,879 --> 00:17:05,480 I mean, wasn't it was it Ian Smith who has 271 00:17:05,559 --> 00:17:13,839 the the New Jersey Jim who during COVID they closed 272 00:17:13,839 --> 00:17:17,759 it down and he raised money I think on GoFundMe 273 00:17:18,799 --> 00:17:23,000 and the government seized it. It may not have been 274 00:17:23,039 --> 00:17:26,039 Ian Smith, but it was there was This definitely happened 275 00:17:26,079 --> 00:17:30,119 in twenty twenty where I mean the government just stepped 276 00:17:30,119 --> 00:17:32,720 in and seized it and said no, no, you're not 277 00:17:33,640 --> 00:17:38,039 You're not getting money from the public to defend yourself. Yeah, 278 00:17:38,119 --> 00:17:42,680 that's that's where we are. That's where we are. But 279 00:17:42,720 --> 00:17:44,279 I'm sure if we just ignore it and we talk 280 00:17:44,319 --> 00:17:48,759 about how bad they are. You know, criticism of Deeds 281 00:17:48,799 --> 00:17:51,319 does not come from right wing sources alone. In a 282 00:17:51,319 --> 00:17:53,839 column appearing under the banner of the Los Angeles Times 283 00:17:54,000 --> 00:17:57,240 Washington Post news service, Ray Jenkins, a writer for the 284 00:17:57,279 --> 00:17:59,599 Baltimore Sun, noted that while the state of Oregon like 285 00:17:59,680 --> 00:18:02,400 that to put Metzger on trial for murder in the case, 286 00:18:02,839 --> 00:18:06,960 what more as Deeds did was to quote convert the 287 00:18:07,000 --> 00:18:10,640 civil law, whose basic purposes to settle disputes between individuals, 288 00:18:10,680 --> 00:18:14,480 into an arm of the criminal law. In legal abercadabra, 289 00:18:14,839 --> 00:18:18,200 the standard of proof, and civil cases usually only preponderance 290 00:18:18,240 --> 00:18:20,640 of evidence is a good deal easier to meet than 291 00:18:20,640 --> 00:18:24,240 the higher standard of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt required 292 00:18:24,240 --> 00:18:27,799 in criminal prosecution. Let's not forget there are cases on 293 00:18:27,880 --> 00:18:31,240 record where civil law was tortured into criminal law to 294 00:18:31,319 --> 00:18:35,160 punish communists in the nineteen fifties than civil rights groups, 295 00:18:35,400 --> 00:18:38,319 including the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People 296 00:18:38,759 --> 00:18:42,160 inties in the nineteen sixties. That is why you need 297 00:18:42,160 --> 00:18:45,160 your own That's why you need people who are sympathetic 298 00:18:45,200 --> 00:18:50,480 to you in power. An unnamed philosopher once said to 299 00:18:50,480 --> 00:18:54,440 beware of those in whom the urge to punish is strong. 300 00:18:54,920 --> 00:18:57,519 The zealous and vengeful nature of those self appointed hate 301 00:18:57,519 --> 00:19:01,680 crime vigilanties, so quick to abuse long established legal processes 302 00:19:01,720 --> 00:19:04,839 designed to protect the civil rights of all citizens, renders 303 00:19:04,839 --> 00:19:08,359 them as dangerous as the hate groups they claim to oppose, 304 00:19:08,640 --> 00:19:12,440 and perhaps even more so that they maintain an image 305 00:19:12,440 --> 00:19:17,200 of legitimacy, militancy, and fanaticism. In any pursuit, even one 306 00:19:17,240 --> 00:19:20,279 that is objectively laudable on its face, is bound to 307 00:19:20,359 --> 00:19:25,480 produce results that are injurious in the long run. Whoever 308 00:19:25,480 --> 00:19:27,960 fight's monsters should see to it that in the process 309 00:19:28,119 --> 00:19:31,000 he does not become a monster. And if you gaze 310 00:19:31,000 --> 00:19:33,720 long enough into the abyss, the abyss will gaze back 311 00:19:33,759 --> 00:19:38,880 at you. Friedrich Nietzsche, eighteen seventy eight. All right, here's 312 00:19:38,960 --> 00:19:44,359 all the scrolling by all the references for that first chapter, 313 00:19:45,279 --> 00:19:52,920 of which there are fifty eight. All right, Chapter two, 314 00:19:53,160 --> 00:19:59,200 Hate Crimes Legislation. If membership figures for antisemitic and racist 315 00:19:59,319 --> 00:20:03,519 organizations are hard to determine, and data on incident to incidents, 316 00:20:03,599 --> 00:20:07,680 marking and conflate and conflicting statistics on so called hate 317 00:20:07,759 --> 00:20:11,519 crimes are problematic as well. In nineteen ninety, Congress pass 318 00:20:11,640 --> 00:20:16,720 legislation based on the ADL's model Hate Crimes Reporting Statute, 319 00:20:16,759 --> 00:20:19,400 requiring the United States Attorney General to set up a 320 00:20:19,440 --> 00:20:22,599 system for collecting statistics on hate crimes, known as the 321 00:20:22,680 --> 00:20:26,559 Hate Crime Statistics Act. In addition to serious crimes such 322 00:20:26,599 --> 00:20:30,680 as murder, arson, and manslaughter, relatively minor offenses such as 323 00:20:30,720 --> 00:20:35,400 simple assault, intimidation, and vandalism, which includes graffiti, were to 324 00:20:35,400 --> 00:20:39,680 be included in the tabulation. The legislation contained no provision 325 00:20:39,759 --> 00:20:42,680 for reporting incidents that turned out to be hoaxes. As such, 326 00:20:43,519 --> 00:20:45,519 when an incident is discovered to be a hoax, it 327 00:20:45,599 --> 00:20:47,880 might be dropped from the statistics, or it might not. 328 00:20:50,119 --> 00:20:53,519 Even more disturbing, the legislation contained no provision to exclude 329 00:20:53,680 --> 00:20:58,400 unsolved defenses, many of which are probably hoaxes. Offenses having 330 00:20:58,440 --> 00:21:01,079 the mere appearance of a hate crime or to be 331 00:21:01,119 --> 00:21:07,759 reported as such, calling, unsubstantiated telephone including unsubstantiated telephone threats, 332 00:21:08,359 --> 00:21:12,920 anonymous graffiti, and unproven claims of name calling. Local police 333 00:21:12,920 --> 00:21:17,440 departments quickly stepped in line. The LAPD adopted a policy 334 00:21:17,440 --> 00:21:21,200 that classified all hate crimes as Category one crimes, like 335 00:21:21,240 --> 00:21:28,720 felonies with named suspects. Robert Vernon LAPO, Assistant Chief of Police, 336 00:21:30,680 --> 00:21:34,640 LAPD Assistant Chief of Police, announced that even misdemeanor offenses 337 00:21:34,680 --> 00:21:38,599 such as alleged threatening phone calls or malicious mischief would 338 00:21:38,640 --> 00:21:43,240 be aggressively investigated by police. In nineteen ninety one, FBI 339 00:21:43,279 --> 00:21:46,400 Director William Sessions announced that the implementation of the Hate 340 00:21:46,480 --> 00:21:49,960 Crimes Program will continue to be a top priority to 341 00:21:50,000 --> 00:21:54,880 the FBI. However, Sessions also commented that while there appeared 342 00:21:54,920 --> 00:21:57,200 to be an increase in hate crimes to rise may 343 00:21:57,240 --> 00:22:01,640 be due partly to required reporting. The decision to even 344 00:22:01,680 --> 00:22:05,079 classify incidents as racially motivated is fraught with issues of 345 00:22:05,119 --> 00:22:08,880 subjectivity and bias. Although racially motivated seems to be a 346 00:22:08,920 --> 00:22:11,960 neutral term, it is not. In practice. It's been a 347 00:22:12,000 --> 00:22:16,400 code phrase for crime by white and not black racists. 348 00:22:17,200 --> 00:22:19,799 It creates the anomaly of a white youth receiving a 349 00:22:19,799 --> 00:22:22,319 stiffer sentence from mere graffiti on a black business than 350 00:22:22,319 --> 00:22:25,440 a black youth might receive for burglary of its owner. 351 00:22:29,119 --> 00:22:33,920 A little narcotyranny going on here. Racially motivated is a 352 00:22:34,039 --> 00:22:40,119 legal distinction that justifies preferential statuses and discriminatory punishments. In 353 00:22:40,200 --> 00:22:43,920 many cases, the law actually provides for civil penalties and damages, 354 00:22:44,240 --> 00:22:48,839 which actually encourages hoaxes and fabrications. More importantly, we are 355 00:22:48,839 --> 00:22:53,079 in grave danger of institutionalizing a double standard, where some 356 00:22:53,160 --> 00:22:56,880 citizens are accorded special protections based entirely on their race, 357 00:22:56,920 --> 00:23:00,200 while others are penalized for theirs, a problem of a 358 00:23:00,279 --> 00:23:04,519 rights movement originally sought to redress. A dramatic example of 359 00:23:04,559 --> 00:23:08,119 that double standard was illustrated in the nineteen ninety nine 360 00:23:08,240 --> 00:23:11,359 dart Man case in New York. Dart Man was a 361 00:23:11,400 --> 00:23:15,039 black man who went around Manhattan shooting blowgun darts into 362 00:23:15,079 --> 00:23:19,319 women's behinds. Although all of dart Man's two dozen plus 363 00:23:19,440 --> 00:23:22,920 victims were white, including two light skinned Hispanics, it was 364 00:23:23,000 --> 00:23:26,119 reported that authorities do not think race is a factor. 365 00:23:27,279 --> 00:23:32,680 Nineteen ninety police are quoted that's me commenting saying this 366 00:23:32,759 --> 00:23:37,440 happened in nineteen ninety, Now would he get a medal? 367 00:23:39,480 --> 00:23:41,839 Police are quoted as saying that they have no reason 368 00:23:41,880 --> 00:23:44,880 to believe the attacks are racially motivated. However, in New 369 00:23:44,960 --> 00:23:47,720 York City's diverse racial mix, the odds of picking two 370 00:23:47,759 --> 00:23:50,759 dozen white women at random are the order of winning 371 00:23:50,839 --> 00:23:54,400 Latto America. Imagine for a moment what the conclusion would 372 00:23:54,400 --> 00:23:56,160 have been if the dart man was white and all 373 00:23:56,160 --> 00:23:58,519 of his victims would have been black. Quite another story, 374 00:23:58,680 --> 00:24:03,240 isn't it. Imagine if the roles reversed. The selective police 375 00:24:03,279 --> 00:24:06,400 attention to allege hate crimes is shadowed by selective media 376 00:24:06,440 --> 00:24:10,200 in attention to hate crime hoaxes. Many hoaxes are only 377 00:24:10,240 --> 00:24:13,079 reported to the local media and die when they reach 378 00:24:13,160 --> 00:24:16,000 the wire services. I've also been told that a fair 379 00:24:16,079 --> 00:24:20,039 number are simply spiked once their nature is ascertained, out 380 00:24:20,039 --> 00:24:23,640 of sensitivity to minority concerns, or so as not to 381 00:24:23,680 --> 00:24:29,720 give ammunition to racists. Absence some kind of clipping service, 382 00:24:29,759 --> 00:24:33,160 a network of local monitors, or the intelligence capability of 383 00:24:33,160 --> 00:24:36,680 the American law enforcement community, one is at a considerable 384 00:24:36,720 --> 00:24:40,759 disadvantage researching this subject. There could be a much bigger 385 00:24:40,799 --> 00:24:44,720 story here than initially appears. In Kansas City, for example, 386 00:24:44,880 --> 00:24:47,039 Terrence Weaver to face a wall near a major art 387 00:24:47,119 --> 00:24:50,200 museum with racist and anti Semitic graffiti in September nineteen 388 00:24:50,240 --> 00:24:54,519 eighty nine. He was observed, chased, and apprehended. The local 389 00:24:54,559 --> 00:24:57,240 newspaper reported the incident as a hate crime. Along with 390 00:24:57,279 --> 00:25:00,200 the interesting fact that the perpetrator had checked himself into 391 00:25:00,240 --> 00:25:04,400 a local mental hospital immediately after his arrest. The incident 392 00:25:04,480 --> 00:25:06,839 quickly faded and no more was heard of it. The 393 00:25:06,920 --> 00:25:09,920 Kansas City Star has declined to pursue the matter. My 394 00:25:10,039 --> 00:25:13,039 own investigation developed that this young man was well known 395 00:25:13,079 --> 00:25:15,720 to local leftists, and that he had talked of a 396 00:25:15,720 --> 00:25:19,200 plot to entice all KKK and neo Nazis to a 397 00:25:19,240 --> 00:25:22,240 meeting and then blow up the building and kill them. 398 00:25:22,759 --> 00:25:26,519 He was, in fact, not racist, but anti racist. Kansas 399 00:25:26,559 --> 00:25:30,119 City police sat the case, and local anti fascist activists 400 00:25:30,119 --> 00:25:33,000 seemed to be holding their breath until the story faded 401 00:25:33,039 --> 00:25:36,559 into the memory hole. If you didn't live in nineteen 402 00:25:36,599 --> 00:25:39,640 eighty nine, okay, if you didn't live in Kansas City 403 00:25:39,680 --> 00:25:42,839 and read the local paper, you wouldn't know it had happened. 404 00:25:43,240 --> 00:25:46,079 If you hadn't investigated, you wouldn't know. It's a probable 405 00:25:46,119 --> 00:25:49,640 hoax incident. And there are many cases like this? Are 406 00:25:50,400 --> 00:25:54,920 there many more? Kit? Pardon me? Are there more cases 407 00:25:54,960 --> 00:26:01,240 like this? Probably? So? Vallid objections to Hate Crimes Reporting Act. 408 00:26:01,880 --> 00:26:05,319 There are many valid criticisms of the hate crime reporting concept, 409 00:26:05,519 --> 00:26:08,359 but by far the most legitimate is that selective reporting 410 00:26:08,400 --> 00:26:12,000 exaggerates a phenomenon by calling selective attention to it. If 411 00:26:12,039 --> 00:26:15,079 statistics were kept of crimes committed by Methodists or left 412 00:26:15,079 --> 00:26:18,880 handed Democrats, or by service station employees, or of crimes 413 00:26:18,920 --> 00:26:22,640 against these groups, it would quickly seem to have it 414 00:26:22,680 --> 00:26:25,599 would quickly seem that we have a serious crime problem 415 00:26:25,680 --> 00:26:28,880 in these areas. To answer an objection to this argument 416 00:26:28,920 --> 00:26:31,920 from a Jewish friend, I asked what the probable consequences 417 00:26:31,960 --> 00:26:35,400 of compiling and publicizing statistics on crimes by Jews in 418 00:26:35,440 --> 00:26:38,200 the United States might be so as to draw attention 419 00:26:38,319 --> 00:26:41,519 to them. He quickly conceded that it would seriously distort 420 00:26:41,559 --> 00:26:45,960 the picture and lead to dangerous false conclusions by singling 421 00:26:46,000 --> 00:26:50,079 out a particular group, and would be unfair selective attention. 422 00:26:51,039 --> 00:26:55,880 Enough said, civil liberties are traditionally concerned with two issues 423 00:26:55,920 --> 00:26:58,599 more than any other. In criminal law, they are concerned 424 00:26:58,640 --> 00:27:01,519 with due process issues, e. The fairness of the criminal 425 00:27:01,640 --> 00:27:06,079 justice system and its adherence to procedural processes that ensure 426 00:27:06,160 --> 00:27:09,400 even handedness and protection for the rights of the accused. 427 00:27:09,839 --> 00:27:13,279 In constitutional law, the issue of free speech overshadows most 428 00:27:13,319 --> 00:27:16,160 other concerns, since it is regarded as the bed rock 429 00:27:16,279 --> 00:27:20,440 upon which all other freedoms depend, and rightly so. The 430 00:27:20,519 --> 00:27:24,240 ADL is acutely aware that too scrupulous and adherence to 431 00:27:24,240 --> 00:27:28,200 civil liberties can be counterproductive to its interests. For example, 432 00:27:28,279 --> 00:27:32,160 inconvenient standards of evidence in criminal trials may allow individuals 433 00:27:32,599 --> 00:27:35,240 they would prefer to seek convicted to go without punishment 434 00:27:35,279 --> 00:27:39,559 and ritual defamation. Hence their clever advocacy of civil action 435 00:27:39,759 --> 00:27:43,480 against individuals and groups who offend their interests, whether or 436 00:27:43,480 --> 00:27:45,759 not they have been convicted of an actual criminal offense. 437 00:27:46,559 --> 00:27:49,720 In civil cases, evidence is allowable that wouldn't get past 438 00:27:49,839 --> 00:27:52,640 the door in a criminal case. Among other things, the 439 00:27:52,640 --> 00:27:56,359 standard for conviction is merely the preponderance of evidence and 440 00:27:56,680 --> 00:28:00,559 not the more rigorous beyond any reasonable doubt. Put, if 441 00:28:00,599 --> 00:28:02,519 you can't prove a crime, you may still be able 442 00:28:02,559 --> 00:28:08,279 to punish with the civil judgment. Similarly, although they routinely 443 00:28:08,319 --> 00:28:11,640 deny it, free speech is troublesome to the ADL when 444 00:28:11,680 --> 00:28:15,960 it includes values, opinions, and beliefs they regard as retrograde 445 00:28:16,000 --> 00:28:19,480 to their interests, such as criticism of Jews, Israel, or 446 00:28:19,559 --> 00:28:23,480 Jewish institutions. When the ADL condemns anti Semitism, they are 447 00:28:23,559 --> 00:28:28,920 usually condemning some form of expression of values, opinions, or beliefs. Accordingly, 448 00:28:29,119 --> 00:28:32,519 while the ADL is officially given muted oppositions as discredited 449 00:28:32,519 --> 00:28:38,519 and unconstitutional hate hate speech legislation, it has worked mightily 450 00:28:38,599 --> 00:28:41,839 to create the climate that produced it the hate speech 451 00:28:41,880 --> 00:28:45,799 in case. The hate speech case in question was a 452 00:28:45,799 --> 00:28:50,960 Saint Paul, Minnesota ordinance outllowing mere expressions of racism and antisemitism, 453 00:28:50,960 --> 00:28:54,799 including speech, writing, art, as well as symbolic acts such 454 00:28:54,799 --> 00:28:59,480 as cross burnings. The United States Supreme Court decided unanimously 455 00:28:59,519 --> 00:29:02,119 in I N two that the ordinance was in violation 456 00:29:02,200 --> 00:29:04,960 of the Constitution. On the other hand, the issue in 457 00:29:05,000 --> 00:29:08,240 the ADL's model hate crime statute, which they have successfully 458 00:29:08,279 --> 00:29:12,200 lobbied through most state legislatures and which is being embodied 459 00:29:12,240 --> 00:29:16,319 in federal legislation as well, is that certain forms of speech, 460 00:29:16,359 --> 00:29:19,759 such as hostility or contempt for racial or ethnic interest groups, 461 00:29:20,119 --> 00:29:23,240 may not be unlawful in itself, but when expressed in 462 00:29:23,279 --> 00:29:27,359 conjunction with a criminal act such as graffiti, vandalism, or assault, 463 00:29:27,640 --> 00:29:31,240 it should result in a mandatory increase in sentence. Hate 464 00:29:31,240 --> 00:29:37,839 crime laws. Bona fide criminal activity, including violence, is always prosecutable, 465 00:29:38,079 --> 00:29:41,119 as it should be. But the ADL clearly feels that 466 00:29:41,240 --> 00:29:44,079 criminal activity directed against Jews and their clients in the 467 00:29:44,079 --> 00:29:48,400 minority community deserves special punishment. However, to make a lass 468 00:29:48,440 --> 00:29:51,519 singling out a particular interest group for special protection as 469 00:29:51,559 --> 00:29:55,319 a touchy subject and consistence of a Libertarians have tended 470 00:29:55,359 --> 00:29:59,599 to oppose the tactic affirmative action programs aside, so they 471 00:29:59,640 --> 00:30:03,720 want they say criminal activity directed against Jews and their 472 00:30:03,759 --> 00:30:09,480 clients deserve special punishment. If you listen to if you 473 00:30:09,519 --> 00:30:12,799 ever heard me talk about the book The Authoritarian Personality, 474 00:30:13,279 --> 00:30:16,559 which has the f scale in it, which if you 475 00:30:16,599 --> 00:30:18,119 take that test you can find out if you're a 476 00:30:18,200 --> 00:30:21,279 fascist or not, or how prone you are to fascism. 477 00:30:22,119 --> 00:30:25,960 You can find it online. One of the questions had 478 00:30:26,000 --> 00:30:30,559 to deal with do you think that people who touch 479 00:30:30,920 --> 00:30:40,880 children should be punished beyond the law? Interesting, huh, they're 480 00:30:40,920 --> 00:30:47,119 worried that that that wanting to and I go back 481 00:30:47,119 --> 00:30:51,799 to Leo Frank. You know Leo Frank being dragged out 482 00:30:51,799 --> 00:31:03,240 of prison and being lynched, that was a problem. But here, 483 00:31:04,039 --> 00:31:08,640 if you just say anything, you don't have to act. 484 00:31:08,880 --> 00:31:11,839 You just have to say, if you have belief, if 485 00:31:11,839 --> 00:31:16,319 you heard my recent substact talking about how basically total 486 00:31:16,359 --> 00:31:20,480 war is war upon belief, then you deserve special punishment, 487 00:31:21,400 --> 00:31:24,880 But someone who touches a kid, now they don't deserve 488 00:31:24,920 --> 00:31:29,920 special punishment at all. I always thought it was really 489 00:31:30,000 --> 00:31:33,839 weird when I read that. One question why did the 490 00:31:33,880 --> 00:31:39,720 American Jewish Committee want that in there? The ADL anticipated 491 00:31:39,759 --> 00:31:42,920 that laws outlawing acts directed at specific groups is hate 492 00:31:42,960 --> 00:31:47,279 crimes might present constitutional difficulties, particularly the equal Protection clause. 493 00:31:47,839 --> 00:31:51,240 Such laws may also encourage public perception that special people 494 00:31:51,279 --> 00:31:55,880 get special protections of you, that the ADL wishes to discourage. 495 00:31:56,039 --> 00:31:59,319 Americans tend to reject group rights, and public awareness that 496 00:31:59,359 --> 00:32:02,839 the ADL is promoting precisely what could be a public 497 00:32:02,880 --> 00:32:08,920 relations blunder. The ADL chose to minimize these complications by 498 00:32:08,960 --> 00:32:13,319 focusing its legislative offensive on the sentencing phase of the 499 00:32:13,359 --> 00:32:16,680 criminal procedure. This way, one can say that the accused 500 00:32:16,680 --> 00:32:19,319 has not been convicted of a special crime designed to 501 00:32:19,319 --> 00:32:23,039 provide special protections to special groups, but rather have been 502 00:32:23,119 --> 00:32:26,480 convicted of an ordinary crime, only the punishment is to 503 00:32:26,519 --> 00:32:29,839 be more severe because of the circumstances surrounding it. No 504 00:32:29,880 --> 00:32:32,000 one is being convicted of a thought crime because of 505 00:32:32,039 --> 00:32:35,599 their values opinions or beliefs only sentenced to longer terms 506 00:32:35,640 --> 00:32:46,319 because of them. I've said enough, But why this convoluted tactic. 507 00:32:46,559 --> 00:32:50,359 Wouldn't that appellate court. Wouldn't the appellate court see the ruse. 508 00:32:50,519 --> 00:32:53,400 In nineteen ninety three, the Wisconsin Supreme Court did exactly 509 00:32:53,599 --> 00:32:57,319 that when it invalidated a state law mandating longer sentences 510 00:32:57,359 --> 00:33:01,640 and hate crimes. Many civil libertarians applauded this development. Censusing 511 00:33:01,680 --> 00:33:04,920 practices are the neglected area of due process. One can 512 00:33:04,960 --> 00:33:08,240 see this immediately by noting the wide disparity of sentencing 513 00:33:08,240 --> 00:33:11,400 in similar crimes. A simple one hundred dollars burglary may 514 00:33:11,440 --> 00:33:14,720 bring probation in one case in twenty years in another. 515 00:33:17,039 --> 00:33:20,599 Factors only marginally relevant to the seriousness of the crime 516 00:33:20,599 --> 00:33:23,359 at hand or allowed in the sentencing process, such as 517 00:33:23,400 --> 00:33:27,559 the defendant's appearancing or courtroom demeanor, the judge's perception of 518 00:33:27,599 --> 00:33:30,960 the defendant's repentance, which may say as much about the 519 00:33:31,039 --> 00:33:33,759 judge as it does the defendant, or whether or not 520 00:33:33,799 --> 00:33:36,839 the defendant pled guilty or had the temerity to demand 521 00:33:36,839 --> 00:33:41,000 a trial. In other words, evidence can be entered into 522 00:33:41,039 --> 00:33:44,839 a sensencing hearing that would be admissible in the trial itself. 523 00:33:45,400 --> 00:33:48,039 More than one civil liberty's attorney has cringed at the 524 00:33:48,119 --> 00:33:51,799 arbitrariness of sentencing procedures. It could be said, with respect 525 00:33:51,839 --> 00:33:55,200 to hate crimes, that all the penalty enhancement statutes do 526 00:33:55,480 --> 00:33:59,039 is formalize the kind of discrimination that is is already 527 00:33:59,400 --> 00:34:03,759 being a curring on an ad hoc basis. Unfortunately, penalty 528 00:34:03,839 --> 00:34:11,760 enhancement makes it mandatory new heading racial motivation and sentencing policy. 529 00:34:12,800 --> 00:34:15,800 The particular case that brought this issue before the US 530 00:34:15,840 --> 00:34:18,440 Supreme Court in nineteen ninety three involved not a white 531 00:34:18,679 --> 00:34:21,280 but a black defendant in a case of aggravated battery. 532 00:34:21,840 --> 00:34:24,440 Todd Mitchell was one of a group of black teenagers 533 00:34:24,480 --> 00:34:27,679 who severely beat a fourteen year old white boy in Kenosha, Wisconsin, 534 00:34:27,679 --> 00:34:31,719 in nineteen eighty nine. The group adjusting the film Mississippi Burning, 535 00:34:32,559 --> 00:34:35,519 which glorifies the civil rights movement in the nineteen sixties 536 00:34:35,559 --> 00:34:40,119 and vilifies its opposition, not a particularly difficult task. When 537 00:34:40,159 --> 00:34:43,320 Mitchell and his gang came upon the victim, Mitchell said, 538 00:34:43,559 --> 00:34:46,360 there goes a white boy, go get them. They did, 539 00:34:46,440 --> 00:34:49,440 and the boy was seriously injured in the beating that followed. 540 00:34:51,639 --> 00:34:53,880 A jury found Mitchell guilty, and he was sent to 541 00:34:53,920 --> 00:34:57,880 two years in prison, the maximum for aggravated battery in Wisconsin. However, 542 00:34:57,920 --> 00:35:00,119 the jury, finding that Mitchell chose his victim on the 543 00:35:00,159 --> 00:35:02,920 basis of race, went on to increase his sentence to 544 00:35:03,000 --> 00:35:05,519 a maximum seven years, or a three hundred and fifty 545 00:35:05,519 --> 00:35:10,159 percent increase. Paradoxically, had Mitchell merely beaten a black person 546 00:35:10,199 --> 00:35:13,280 for some other reasons, such as wanting his shoes, he 547 00:35:13,360 --> 00:35:16,320 would have been so thoroughly. He would not have been 548 00:35:16,360 --> 00:35:19,679 so thoroughly savage, as sentencing two years would be two years, 549 00:35:19,719 --> 00:35:23,480 and he probably wouldn't have gotten that. Mitchell appealed, and 550 00:35:23,559 --> 00:35:27,760 the Wisconsin Supreme Court invalidated the longer sentence. They said 551 00:35:27,760 --> 00:35:31,760 the state legislature had violated the First Amendment by criminalizing 552 00:35:31,920 --> 00:35:35,920 bigoted thought with which it disagrees. Civil rights groups and 553 00:35:35,960 --> 00:35:43,000 the ADL were outraged. In civil rights groups were outraged. 554 00:35:45,840 --> 00:35:48,840 In April nineteen ninety three, Wisconsin Attorney General James E. 555 00:35:48,920 --> 00:35:51,760 Doyle argued the case before the US Supreme Court, making 556 00:35:51,800 --> 00:35:55,159 the distinction that the case involved conduct and not ideas. 557 00:35:55,880 --> 00:35:58,280 As a result of a massive lobbying effort in which 558 00:35:58,280 --> 00:36:01,719 the ADL played a major part, forty nine other states 559 00:36:01,719 --> 00:36:06,159 had filed briefs in support of Attorney General Doyle. The 560 00:36:06,199 --> 00:36:10,119 Supreme Court agreed with Doyle and unanimously reaffirmed Mitchell's three 561 00:36:10,199 --> 00:36:14,639 hundred and fifty percent sentence enhancement. The Supreme Court's reasoning 562 00:36:14,679 --> 00:36:19,320 bears special examination. Chief Justice William Rehnquist, writing for the Court, 563 00:36:19,440 --> 00:36:24,039 said that quoting a defendant's abstract beliefs, however obnoxious to 564 00:36:24,079 --> 00:36:27,199 most people, may not be taken into consideration by a 565 00:36:27,280 --> 00:36:33,519 sentencing judge. Reinquists offered that those beliefs are no longer 566 00:36:33,559 --> 00:36:38,639 abstract once they provide the motive for discriminate discriminatory action. Thus, 567 00:36:38,719 --> 00:36:41,719 according to his reasoning, a physical assault is not, by 568 00:36:41,760 --> 00:36:44,840 any stretch of the imagination, expressive conduct protected by the 569 00:36:44,840 --> 00:36:47,679 First Amendment. Of course, it is, and no one argued 570 00:36:47,719 --> 00:36:50,880 that it was. Physical assaults are and always have been 571 00:36:50,920 --> 00:36:54,599 punishable by the law. The Court decision is, of course, 572 00:36:54,599 --> 00:36:56,840 the can of worms. With this logic, it would be 573 00:36:56,880 --> 00:37:01,119 possible to legislate penalty enhancement for thieves whose crimes are 574 00:37:01,119 --> 00:37:05,840 motivated by a disrespect for private property, or shoplifters whose 575 00:37:05,840 --> 00:37:09,800 pilfrage was occasioned by adherence to social doctrines that denigrate 576 00:37:09,840 --> 00:37:14,519 the virtue of capitalism. Although one might only be convicted 577 00:37:14,519 --> 00:37:17,199 of one offense, the net effect may be to get 578 00:37:17,199 --> 00:37:20,239 the equivalent of two times to normal sentence. It might 579 00:37:20,280 --> 00:37:23,719 as well be double jeopardy for all practical purposes, accompanied 580 00:37:23,760 --> 00:37:28,159 by two convictions and two sentences. However, all may not 581 00:37:28,239 --> 00:37:30,960 be lost. If these laws are applied equally to all 582 00:37:30,960 --> 00:37:34,679 interracial hate crimes broadly defined, not primarily in the case 583 00:37:34,679 --> 00:37:37,760 for minorities or the alleged victims, the intended but denied 584 00:37:37,760 --> 00:37:41,760 discriminatory effect against whites may be blunted, perhaps severely in 585 00:37:41,800 --> 00:37:45,039 the end they this may become another nuisance law that 586 00:37:45,079 --> 00:37:50,360 has been proven embarrassing to its proponents by sorry, sorry, sir, 587 00:37:54,920 --> 00:38:00,920 nice thought, but nope. Unforeseen consequences of hate crime legislation. 588 00:38:01,480 --> 00:38:04,639 New York University law professor James B. Jacobs has written 589 00:38:04,639 --> 00:38:07,760 that the proliferation of hate crimes laws has resulted in 590 00:38:07,800 --> 00:38:12,480 apparently unforeseen problems. Attributing the degree of prejudice or racial 591 00:38:12,519 --> 00:38:15,960 animosity necessary to establish a hate crime motive is not 592 00:38:16,000 --> 00:38:19,639 the least of the problems. Virtually all interracial crimes may 593 00:38:19,639 --> 00:38:21,800 be perceived as a hate crime if the conditions are 594 00:38:21,840 --> 00:38:25,079 defined loosely enough, Noting that the original impetus of hate 595 00:38:25,079 --> 00:38:29,760 crime legislation was to protect allegedly victimize blacks from victimizing whites, 596 00:38:30,159 --> 00:38:33,039 he says, indeed, at some point in the future, some 597 00:38:33,039 --> 00:38:36,280 supporters of hate crime laws may be dismayed to find 598 00:38:36,320 --> 00:38:41,079 that these laws are frequently used against black offenders, such 599 00:38:41,079 --> 00:38:43,880 as stative affairs may already be on the horizon. According 600 00:38:43,880 --> 00:38:47,000 to no less of a source than the SPLC's Clan Watch. 601 00:38:49,360 --> 00:38:52,119 In December nineteen ninety three, New York Times reporter Peter 602 00:38:52,239 --> 00:38:57,559 Applebaum reported Clan Watch said that in the last three years, 603 00:38:57,599 --> 00:39:01,119 forty six percent of all racially motivated murders tracked by 604 00:39:01,159 --> 00:39:03,920 the group were committed by blacks on victims who were white, 605 00:39:04,239 --> 00:39:08,840 Asian or Hispanic. In an unsigned editorial in the comments 606 00:39:08,840 --> 00:39:10,880 section of a June nineteen ninety three issue of The 607 00:39:10,880 --> 00:39:14,719 New Yorker, these concerns were also expressed with reference to 608 00:39:14,719 --> 00:39:18,760 the nineteen ninety three US Supreme Court ruling in Wisconsin v. Mitchell. 609 00:39:19,119 --> 00:39:22,079 The editorial noted that the black youth who had taken 610 00:39:22,119 --> 00:39:24,400 part in the beating of a white youth was essentially 611 00:39:24,480 --> 00:39:28,920 being punished because his victim wasn't black. The editorial also observed, 612 00:39:29,000 --> 00:39:32,159 quoting in Wisconsin, where less than a tenth of the 613 00:39:32,159 --> 00:39:35,039 population is non white, half the defendants and hate crime 614 00:39:35,119 --> 00:39:38,880 cases have been minorities. A preliminary FBI report on hate 615 00:39:38,920 --> 00:39:40,920 crimes earlier this year found that thirty percent of the 616 00:39:40,960 --> 00:39:45,760 offenders whose race was reported were black. However, in another zinger, 617 00:39:45,840 --> 00:39:48,599 the editorial also raised the specter of the old saw 618 00:39:49,199 --> 00:39:52,920 what goes around comes around. He said, now that the 619 00:39:52,960 --> 00:39:56,800 Supreme Court has upheld the Wisconsin statute, it is a 620 00:39:56,840 --> 00:40:00,320 safe bet that the law enforcement community, which more often 621 00:40:00,360 --> 00:40:03,360 than not as largely white and largely conservative, we'll find 622 00:40:03,360 --> 00:40:07,840 black offenders a more targeting, attempting target for hate crimes prosecutions. 623 00:40:10,559 --> 00:40:13,679 What might have been the civil rights establishment's worst nightmare 624 00:40:13,719 --> 00:40:17,199 occurred in December nineteen ninety three, when Colin and Ferguson, 625 00:40:17,320 --> 00:40:20,960 a black man of Jamaican ancestry, deliberately shot and killed 626 00:40:21,000 --> 00:40:23,880 six white passengers and would nineteen other on the Long 627 00:40:23,880 --> 00:40:27,719 Island Railroad commuter train. It was clearly a hate crime, 628 00:40:27,960 --> 00:40:30,960 for Ferguson raged at black Uncle Tom's and carried notes 629 00:40:30,960 --> 00:40:35,199 on his person expressing his hatred toward white people. Ferguson 630 00:40:35,280 --> 00:40:38,760 had been indicted on ninety three accounts, including civil rights violation. 631 00:40:39,599 --> 00:40:43,360 Black spokesman Jesse Jackson immediately went into damage control, expressing 632 00:40:43,400 --> 00:40:45,920 fear of a blacklash and preaching a message of healing 633 00:40:45,960 --> 00:40:50,440 and reconciliation. Jackson was reported as saying his second thought 634 00:40:50,679 --> 00:40:54,760 upon learning of the killings was hoping, against hope it 635 00:40:54,880 --> 00:40:57,639 wasn't a black person, because I knew there would immediately 636 00:40:57,639 --> 00:41:01,960 be a rash of irrational conclusion. But not so worry 637 00:41:02,119 --> 00:41:05,519 clan watching Jesse Jackson, for Ferguson was portrayed in the 638 00:41:05,559 --> 00:41:07,599 media as a victim of white racism on the one 639 00:41:07,639 --> 00:41:10,199 hand and a victim of mental illness on the other hand. 640 00:41:10,519 --> 00:41:12,440 Had even a white man who would killed six black 641 00:41:12,480 --> 00:41:15,039 people solely because of their race, we would still be 642 00:41:15,079 --> 00:41:17,920 hearing about it. In the meantime, however, the story has 643 00:41:17,920 --> 00:41:21,360 disappeared from the news. Kind Of shocked that Jesse just 644 00:41:21,400 --> 00:41:24,599 didn't go well, I mean, he's Jamaican, he's not Ados 645 00:41:25,079 --> 00:41:30,719 American descendant as slaves, so he ain't black. Kind Of 646 00:41:30,719 --> 00:41:34,679 shocked he didn't do that. He probably do that now. 647 00:41:36,199 --> 00:41:38,599 It's the opinion of this writer and many other observers 648 00:41:38,599 --> 00:41:41,280 that an even handed approach to the hate crime controversy, 649 00:41:41,320 --> 00:41:44,719 in which equal standards apply and behavior that is considered 650 00:41:44,719 --> 00:41:47,440 a hate crime for whites would also be considered a 651 00:41:47,480 --> 00:41:50,360 hate crime for blacks or anyone else, would reveal a 652 00:41:50,400 --> 00:41:53,519 picture much different than militant anti racist groups would prefer. 653 00:41:54,000 --> 00:41:57,440 Let's take a few examples from the nation's campuses. In 654 00:41:57,519 --> 00:42:00,000 nineteen eighty nine, the situation of black on white violin 655 00:42:00,039 --> 00:42:03,119 it's got so bad at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, 656 00:42:03,719 --> 00:42:08,480 that university president Vartan Gregorian said he was considering asking 657 00:42:08,519 --> 00:42:13,000 for federal help. Brown University was actually built on slaving money. 658 00:42:14,920 --> 00:42:20,920 It built on slaving money, ship money, according to Robert Reichley. 659 00:42:23,199 --> 00:42:26,679 According to Robert Reichley, vice president for university Affairs, there 660 00:42:26,679 --> 00:42:31,079 have been sixteen reported cases since classes began in September, 661 00:42:31,159 --> 00:42:34,199 a six week period. Mister Reichley said. In most cases, 662 00:42:34,239 --> 00:42:36,679 he said, black men have attacked white male students or 663 00:42:36,719 --> 00:42:41,599 have sometimes drawn guns or other weapons. In nineteen ninety one, 664 00:42:41,679 --> 00:42:45,559 University of Illinois officials met with police to discuss an 665 00:42:45,559 --> 00:42:48,519 alarming series of assaults on white students by black gangs 666 00:42:48,760 --> 00:42:51,079 who apparently attacked the students as part of a gang 667 00:42:51,079 --> 00:42:57,000 initiation right on campus. According to news sources. Police said 668 00:42:57,079 --> 00:43:00,480 the gang initiation right requires the potential gang to find 669 00:43:00,519 --> 00:43:03,800 a large white male and knock him out with one punch. 670 00:43:09,079 --> 00:43:12,559 The two gangs involved in the assaults, from Champagne and Urbana, 671 00:43:13,079 --> 00:43:15,960 traveled in groups of four to twenty and members ranged 672 00:43:16,000 --> 00:43:19,639 in age from fifteen to twenty three. According to news reports, 673 00:43:19,639 --> 00:43:23,880 Officials expressed concern about a backlash resulting from the attacks. 674 00:43:26,840 --> 00:43:29,880 The preceding two cases involved college campuses. It would be 675 00:43:29,960 --> 00:43:33,800 inaccurate to say they were commonplace, but neither are they rare. 676 00:43:34,000 --> 00:43:38,360 Almost every major university his had its incidents such as these. 677 00:43:38,880 --> 00:43:42,280 Sometimes they made local papers, occasionally in the national press. 678 00:43:42,480 --> 00:43:46,320 Sometimes they were undoubtedly spiked. At the University of Kansas, 679 00:43:46,400 --> 00:43:48,480 for example, a group of black students ascended on a 680 00:43:48,480 --> 00:43:51,559 white fraternity with clubs and other weapons, shouting threats and 681 00:43:51,639 --> 00:43:56,719 insults after a black student had allegedly been insulted there. Fortunately, 682 00:43:56,800 --> 00:43:58,400 there was no violence, in spite of the fact that 683 00:43:58,519 --> 00:44:02,280 terroristic threats were apparently made. Neither the campus press or 684 00:44:02,320 --> 00:44:05,480 the local daily mentioned the incident. One has to wonder 685 00:44:05,559 --> 00:44:08,960 how many times that occurs nationwide in a year. In 686 00:44:09,039 --> 00:44:12,239 virtually every case. However, we can be sure the issue 687 00:44:12,239 --> 00:44:16,719 of sensitivity and issues of sensitivity are raised along with 688 00:44:16,760 --> 00:44:23,000 the fear of backlash and misunderstanding. If one includes crimes 689 00:44:23,039 --> 00:44:25,440 in which an awareness of the victims race or ethnicity 690 00:44:25,519 --> 00:44:30,119 is a factor, then most interracial rapes, armed robberies, and 691 00:44:30,199 --> 00:44:35,480 assaults might be considered hate crimes. Blacks are the perpetuator 692 00:44:35,679 --> 00:44:39,079 perpetrators of the vast majority of these offenses. Relatives to 693 00:44:39,119 --> 00:44:42,920 their representation of the population. One could even say that 694 00:44:42,960 --> 00:44:46,880 the alleged raged a blacks feel towards white society is 695 00:44:46,920 --> 00:44:50,360 a race specific rage directed at individual victims on the 696 00:44:50,360 --> 00:44:53,000 basis of racial identity, and, as we see in the 697 00:44:53,039 --> 00:44:57,199 Colin Ferguson case, often has the same tragic consequences to 698 00:44:57,199 --> 00:45:01,920 innocent individuals as any nineteen si twenties lynchings in Alabama. 699 00:45:03,199 --> 00:45:07,440 They mentioned interracial rapes up here. I don't know if 700 00:45:07,440 --> 00:45:10,039 it's been picked up again, but when Obama. I think 701 00:45:10,079 --> 00:45:14,159 the last year that interracial rapes was reported was two 702 00:45:14,199 --> 00:45:18,679 thousand and eight, right before Obama got into office, because 703 00:45:18,800 --> 00:45:21,440 it was if I remember the numbers correctly, from two 704 00:45:21,480 --> 00:45:25,159 thousand and seven, so over twenty thousand black men raped 705 00:45:25,199 --> 00:45:30,599 white women, and there were zero reported whites raping blacks. 706 00:45:31,079 --> 00:45:37,440 Not saying that it didn't happen, but oh wow, he's 707 00:45:37,559 --> 00:45:42,320 quoting Sam Francis. Here. Editorial writer Samuel Francis cites the 708 00:45:42,400 --> 00:45:44,760 nineteen ninety two case of a fifteen year old white 709 00:45:44,760 --> 00:45:46,800 girl who was raped by a gang of young blacks 710 00:45:46,800 --> 00:45:49,559 who allegedly told her they picked her because she was 711 00:45:49,599 --> 00:45:56,760 white and perfect. According to Francis, the story made the 712 00:45:56,800 --> 00:45:59,679 tabloid headlines and passed from human memory the next day. 713 00:46:00,519 --> 00:46:04,800 Obviously disillusioned, he adds, hate crimes aren't for white people. 714 00:46:05,159 --> 00:46:08,159 They are the special political and legal privileges of racial 715 00:46:08,239 --> 00:46:11,079 and religious minorities, and there are weapons by which white 716 00:46:11,119 --> 00:46:15,320 people can be bullied, bludgeoned, beaten, prosecuted, and persecuted into 717 00:46:15,360 --> 00:46:19,480 shutting up a rate about race and the cultural institutions 718 00:46:19,559 --> 00:46:25,679 that attended. When an even handed approach is denounced and avoided, 719 00:46:25,800 --> 00:46:29,880 of course, the issue becomes highly politicized. Powerful racial and 720 00:46:30,000 --> 00:46:33,599 ethnic interest groups have compelling reasons to manipulate the rules 721 00:46:33,599 --> 00:46:36,760 and to keep up an appearance of perpetual victimhood. Not 722 00:46:36,800 --> 00:46:39,639 only is it extremely useful in promoting a political agenda, 723 00:46:40,159 --> 00:46:44,239 but it can have a considerable financial benefits to the 724 00:46:44,320 --> 00:46:47,840 victims as well. Many hate crime statutes have provisions for 725 00:46:47,920 --> 00:46:51,239 recourse in the civil courts from monetary damages. These allow 726 00:46:51,320 --> 00:46:54,599 victims to suit for special, general and punitive damages, a 727 00:46:54,639 --> 00:47:01,960 powerful insensitive for professional victims and hoaxers hate crime McCarthyism. 728 00:47:02,760 --> 00:47:06,199 Professor Jacobs also observed that since the state of mind 729 00:47:06,239 --> 00:47:09,519 is pivotal in establishing a hate motivated offense, trials may 730 00:47:09,559 --> 00:47:12,559 turn into inquisitions on the values, attitudes, and opinions of 731 00:47:12,599 --> 00:47:16,239 the defendants. Not unlike in nineteen fifties, McCarthy, i'd invest 732 00:47:16,679 --> 00:47:20,599 investigation into the values, attitudes, and opinions of subjected to 733 00:47:20,719 --> 00:47:25,440 versives by the House on American Activities Committee. I always 734 00:47:25,480 --> 00:47:29,519 hate when they well, first of all, you know, fuck communists, 735 00:47:29,719 --> 00:47:34,000 But I always hate when they talk about McCarthy and Ack. 736 00:47:34,800 --> 00:47:39,480 McCarthy was a senator and Hughack was a House committee. 737 00:47:40,760 --> 00:47:43,519 He cites a case in which a man suspected of 738 00:47:43,599 --> 00:47:46,800 a hate motivated offense was grilled about his relationship with 739 00:47:46,840 --> 00:47:49,400 the black neighbor. Did he ever have dinner with her, 740 00:47:49,480 --> 00:47:51,360 invite her for a picnic, or go with her to 741 00:47:51,400 --> 00:47:54,719 a movie? It's quite likely that the magazines and books. 742 00:47:54,880 --> 00:47:57,880 It's quite likely that the magazines and books of defendants reads, 743 00:47:58,360 --> 00:48:05,039 presents or past memberships in present or past memberships in organizations, 744 00:48:05,079 --> 00:48:07,719 religious and political beliefs, as well as those of family 745 00:48:07,760 --> 00:48:11,719 and friends, could become subject to inquisition and discovery and 746 00:48:11,800 --> 00:48:14,880 has reason. Article Jacob Solom quotes Kevin O'Neill who wrote 747 00:48:14,880 --> 00:48:18,360 the American Civil Liberties Union's brief against the Ohio hate 748 00:48:18,400 --> 00:48:22,239 speech law. Although different from hate crime legislation because it 749 00:48:22,280 --> 00:48:25,880 penalizes his speech unrelated to criminal conduct, the law raises 750 00:48:26,320 --> 00:48:30,840 related civil liberties issues. O'Neill says, our basic concern about 751 00:48:30,840 --> 00:48:34,719 hate crime's legislation in general, and Ohio's ethnic intimidation law 752 00:48:34,960 --> 00:48:37,760 in particular, is that it is an effort by government 753 00:48:37,840 --> 00:48:41,360 to punish people for their ideas. Indeed, it is no 754 00:48:41,440 --> 00:48:44,840 amount of weaseling or double talk can obscure the fact. 755 00:48:45,599 --> 00:48:49,400 Obscure that fact George Rowell himself could not have imagined 756 00:48:49,840 --> 00:48:53,719 as diabolical a scenario for the legitimization of thought crime 757 00:48:53,880 --> 00:48:58,400 in a supposedly free society. Then we have a bunch 758 00:48:58,440 --> 00:49:09,280 of a bunch of citations here looking for the San 759 00:49:09,360 --> 00:49:13,079 Francis one. Sam Francis One was from The Washington Times 760 00:49:13,119 --> 00:49:19,800 February fourth, nineteen ninety two, entitled feeding hate to the 761 00:49:19,920 --> 00:49:25,199 crime Colossus. Huh. All right, well that's the end of 762 00:49:25,280 --> 00:49:28,719 chapter two. We finished off chapter one, got into chapter two. 763 00:49:29,039 --> 00:49:32,639 Chapter three will be the prevalence of hoaxes and fabrications. 764 00:49:34,039 --> 00:49:36,480 If you enjoyed this and you want to get these 765 00:49:36,559 --> 00:49:39,960 episodes early in ad free, head on over to Freemammy 766 00:49:39,960 --> 00:49:42,800 on the Wall dot com forward Slash Support. You can 767 00:49:42,800 --> 00:49:48,719 get RSS fees through substack and Patreon, Gumroad. You can 768 00:49:48,760 --> 00:49:51,679 play them right there on the website. And then if 769 00:49:51,719 --> 00:49:54,480 you get it through subs, if you subscribe through subscribe 770 00:49:54,480 --> 00:49:57,800 Star or my website, I signed you the file. All right, 771 00:49:58,519 --> 00:50:02,840 that's it, see you for part three. Take care,