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True Murder with your 57 00:02:34.000 --> 00:02:37.199 host journalist and author Dan Zufanski. 58 00:02:47.719 --> 00:02:54.680 Good Evening. On May eighteenth, nineteen twenty seven, the small 59 00:02:54.759 --> 00:02:58.960 town of Bath, Michigan, was forever changed when Andrew Kiho 60 00:02:59.560 --> 00:03:03.080 set off the cachet of explosives concealed in the basement 61 00:03:03.159 --> 00:03:06.759 of the local school. Thirty eight children and six adults 62 00:03:06.800 --> 00:03:10.439 were dead, among them Kiho, who had literally blown himself 63 00:03:10.479 --> 00:03:13.120 to bits by setting off a dynamite charge in his car. 64 00:03:14.400 --> 00:03:16.719 The next day, on Keiho's farm, what was left of 65 00:03:16.800 --> 00:03:20.599 his wife burned beyond recognition. After Keiho set his property 66 00:03:20.639 --> 00:03:24.319 in buildings ablaze, was found tied to a hand cart, 67 00:03:24.439 --> 00:03:28.719 her skull crushed. With seemingly endless stories of school violence 68 00:03:28.759 --> 00:03:33.319 and suicide bombers filling today's headlines, Bath massacre serves as 69 00:03:33.360 --> 00:03:37.080 a reminder that terrorism and large scale murder are nothing new. 70 00:03:38.080 --> 00:03:42.159 A chilling and historic character study of the unfathomable suffering 71 00:03:42.240 --> 00:03:46.439 that desperation and fury, once unleashed inside a twisted mine, 72 00:03:46.960 --> 00:03:51.360 can reek on a small town. Contemporary mass murderers Timothy McVeigh, 73 00:03:51.960 --> 00:03:57.080 Columbines Dylan Klebold, and Virginia Tech's Sung Hu Cho can 74 00:03:57.199 --> 00:04:00.240 each trace their horrific genealogy of terror to one man, 75 00:04:01.039 --> 00:04:04.960 Bath school bomber Andrew Kehoe. The book that we're featuring 76 00:04:05.039 --> 00:04:10.439 this evening is Bath Massacre, America's first school bombing, with 77 00:04:10.639 --> 00:04:16.199 my special guest, journalist and author Arnie Bernstein. ownA Welcome 78 00:04:16.279 --> 00:04:19.240 to the program, journalist and author Arnie Bernstein, thank you 79 00:04:19.360 --> 00:04:25.000 for a greeting this interview. Hi, thank you, sorry for 80 00:04:25.160 --> 00:04:28.079 the delay, just getting onto the program a little bit late, 81 00:04:28.120 --> 00:04:33.839 had some problems connecting. Welcome to the program. And again, 82 00:04:33.879 --> 00:04:37.439 an amazing story I had no idea about. Let's get 83 00:04:37.560 --> 00:04:41.879 right into this. What brings you to this story? Without 84 00:04:42.000 --> 00:04:44.879 giving anything away, but what brought you to this project? 85 00:04:44.920 --> 00:04:49.240 Why was this a compelling story to undertake this big 86 00:04:49.920 --> 00:04:53.000 book project that you have, Bath Massacre. So tell us 87 00:04:53.920 --> 00:04:57.079 exactly how you came to be involved with this project. 88 00:04:57.800 --> 00:05:00.920 Well, I had been looking for a story to write about. 89 00:05:01.000 --> 00:05:04.000 I was looking for I'm a big fan of stories 90 00:05:04.040 --> 00:05:06.360 that have been kind of lost in the cracks of history, 91 00:05:07.319 --> 00:05:12.079 and basically was scouring the internet and you know, I 92 00:05:12.399 --> 00:05:13.720 like to site find a grave. 93 00:05:13.759 --> 00:05:14.439 I'm sure many of. 94 00:05:14.439 --> 00:05:17.879 Your listeners are familiar with it, right, trolling through that 95 00:05:17.959 --> 00:05:19.399 a little bit here, a little bit there, and then 96 00:05:19.600 --> 00:05:24.000 up came the Bath memorials, and I thought, what is 97 00:05:24.079 --> 00:05:28.920 this and started digging and digging and digging, and I 98 00:05:29.040 --> 00:05:33.120 realized this was a compelling crime. It had never been 99 00:05:33.399 --> 00:05:36.800 properly explored, and it was something I had to do. 100 00:05:40.439 --> 00:05:44.000 Now. You start off the book a little unusually unusual 101 00:05:44.040 --> 00:05:47.079 because it was a very linear this book really not 102 00:05:47.439 --> 00:05:49.519 like a lot of books, very creative and going back 103 00:05:49.560 --> 00:05:52.560 and forth from really to separate scenes, you know, very 104 00:05:52.639 --> 00:05:57.319 much like a movie esque. But it's pretty straightforward. But 105 00:05:58.439 --> 00:06:02.040 in the beginning, why do you choose the story that 106 00:06:02.120 --> 00:06:07.480 you do with sung? Who chose? And well, tell us 107 00:06:07.480 --> 00:06:09.879 about that story and obviously then I'll be an introduction 108 00:06:10.000 --> 00:06:12.680 of why you know you chose the story for this book. 109 00:06:12.720 --> 00:06:14.720 But tell us a little bit why you chose this 110 00:06:14.800 --> 00:06:17.160 story and tell us a little bit about the story 111 00:06:17.199 --> 00:06:17.920 that you did choose. 112 00:06:18.160 --> 00:06:21.800 To open up your book, Well, the Virginia Tech shooting 113 00:06:22.240 --> 00:06:27.000 happened in April of that year, and it was about 114 00:06:27.000 --> 00:06:30.160 a month before the eightieth commemoration of the school bombing. 115 00:06:30.680 --> 00:06:32.879 Now you have to keep in mind, this is something 116 00:06:32.959 --> 00:06:35.120 that every year when it comes around, it weighs heavy 117 00:06:35.199 --> 00:06:39.160 on this town. Bath is when you think the quintessential 118 00:06:39.360 --> 00:06:44.399 small Midwestern town, that's it. And it weighed heavy on them. 119 00:06:44.759 --> 00:06:48.079 And in talking with many of the people, they said 120 00:06:48.160 --> 00:06:51.639 when that happened, they felt it. And they feel these 121 00:06:51.680 --> 00:06:56.759 things much differently than you know, you or I might certainly, 122 00:06:56.800 --> 00:07:00.360 you know, most recently with Sandy Hook they I really 123 00:07:00.439 --> 00:07:04.839 felt it bad their Columbine certainly, even nine to eleven. Uh, 124 00:07:05.279 --> 00:07:08.879 you know, and reporters always contact them when these things happen. 125 00:07:09.720 --> 00:07:10.800 Sure you know you've been. 126 00:07:10.759 --> 00:07:13.279 Through this, how do you feel about this? And so 127 00:07:13.519 --> 00:07:15.720 you know, I mean, eighty is a you know, I mean, 128 00:07:15.800 --> 00:07:19.120 it's a significant year. Most of the survivors have passed 129 00:07:20.000 --> 00:07:23.000 and there but there's a few around and they, you know, 130 00:07:23.040 --> 00:07:24.639 I opened it with the two of them who have 131 00:07:24.800 --> 00:07:27.959 since passed by the way, and they felt it. They 132 00:07:28.040 --> 00:07:31.480 felt in a way that we can't even begin to understand. 133 00:07:32.720 --> 00:07:34.279 And because as they say, it was it was a 134 00:07:34.959 --> 00:07:38.240 decade marker it seemed like the right way to start it, 135 00:07:40.160 --> 00:07:42.079 and it was going certainly to the end too. 136 00:07:43.360 --> 00:07:46.879 Okay, without going too far into you know, originally the 137 00:07:47.120 --> 00:07:52.000 Virginia Tech massacre. But just and we'll see as we're 138 00:07:52.040 --> 00:07:54.519 talking about this story right away, but tell us about 139 00:07:54.560 --> 00:07:58.000 some of the just the real, real i would say, 140 00:07:58.160 --> 00:08:02.000 blatant similarities or the real found similarities before we go 141 00:08:02.079 --> 00:08:05.720 into this, you know, an apt introduction to oh, you 142 00:08:06.319 --> 00:08:09.319 think it only happens recently, and the right of fact 143 00:08:09.800 --> 00:08:13.199 of course this story which will surprise I think people 144 00:08:13.279 --> 00:08:14.879 that are used to being surprised, so. 145 00:08:15.399 --> 00:08:18.000 You know, and it's interesting, you know, you talk about 146 00:08:18.000 --> 00:08:21.600 the similarities because even more so with Sandy Hook were 147 00:08:21.639 --> 00:08:25.959 the similarities which really was quite profound on everyone there. 148 00:08:26.279 --> 00:08:31.199 But in essence, you know, there with what happened to 149 00:08:31.319 --> 00:08:36.480 Virginia Tech, he's you know, he initially killed somebody, he 150 00:08:36.879 --> 00:08:39.879 went and sent a message out to the world, and 151 00:08:40.720 --> 00:08:43.080 then he went and did the rest of his killing, 152 00:08:43.600 --> 00:08:46.879 which is more or less how the killer in Bath, Michigan, uh, 153 00:08:47.679 --> 00:08:49.480 Andrew Keyhoe did his work. 154 00:08:51.320 --> 00:08:55.080 Now, before we get into Andrew Keyhole, because he's not 155 00:08:55.360 --> 00:08:59.799 originally from Bath and she sees he moves to the area. 156 00:09:00.080 --> 00:09:02.840 So tell us about Bath, Michigan and really what it's 157 00:09:02.879 --> 00:09:06.039 about in its proximity to say Detroit or I know 158 00:09:06.240 --> 00:09:09.399 Lancing is near there. So tell us really how small 159 00:09:09.480 --> 00:09:11.720 this place really is and how you know, out of 160 00:09:11.759 --> 00:09:14.080 the way it really is and it's proximity to bigger 161 00:09:14.120 --> 00:09:15.639 places than we might all know about. 162 00:09:16.399 --> 00:09:21.279 Sure, Now, Bath in nineteen twenty seven, they're about i'd 163 00:09:21.320 --> 00:09:25.440 say maybe fifteen twenty miles outside of Lansing, Michigan, the 164 00:09:25.519 --> 00:09:29.440 capital of the state. But in nineteen twenty seven there's 165 00:09:29.519 --> 00:09:34.039 no interstate so they're pretty isolated. And in fact, they 166 00:09:34.120 --> 00:09:37.399 did not have electricity then. They were still stringing up. 167 00:09:38.159 --> 00:09:40.000 It was a relatively new thing that they were starting 168 00:09:40.039 --> 00:09:41.919 to string up. I like to say this was the 169 00:09:42.039 --> 00:09:46.759 town that the Roaring Twenties were right by. Although interesting 170 00:09:46.840 --> 00:09:50.159 fun fact, Capone actually had a little cottage outside of Bath. 171 00:09:51.080 --> 00:09:55.399 One of his cohorts had hold up in Lancing and 172 00:09:55.639 --> 00:10:00.720 was a fruit stand that was sort of a warehouse 173 00:10:00.759 --> 00:10:02.919 for a component when he was shipping liquor in Chicago. 174 00:10:03.360 --> 00:10:04.879 But you know, that's neither here nor there. 175 00:10:04.799 --> 00:10:05.200 But it was. 176 00:10:06.159 --> 00:10:09.840 It was small town America and still is. They still 177 00:10:09.919 --> 00:10:13.840 do not have a stoplight in Bath, and a lot 178 00:10:13.919 --> 00:10:16.759 of it looks like it looked in the nineteen twenties. 179 00:10:17.399 --> 00:10:20.840 A lot of the same buildings are still there. It's 180 00:10:20.960 --> 00:10:24.159 it's as I said before, it's it's quinto quintessential small 181 00:10:24.200 --> 00:10:24.840 town America. 182 00:10:28.120 --> 00:10:32.799 And the Bath Collins Consolidated School itself as well. I 183 00:10:32.879 --> 00:10:36.320 mean we're talking, you know, previous to nineteen twenty seven. 184 00:10:36.440 --> 00:10:39.399 So and we're talking a very small place and right, 185 00:10:39.519 --> 00:10:42.679 and it would magically happened construction of school. 186 00:10:42.759 --> 00:10:46.360 So yeah, they had it was a series of one 187 00:10:46.440 --> 00:10:50.639 room schoolhouses were in the area and they decided to 188 00:10:50.799 --> 00:10:53.759 consolidate them, and that's why it was called Bath Consolidated School. Now, 189 00:10:53.799 --> 00:10:56.200 there had been a high school building, but they wanted 190 00:10:56.279 --> 00:10:58.159 to incorporate all the grades, so they kind of took 191 00:10:58.240 --> 00:11:02.360 that building, built it in you know, the center of town, 192 00:11:03.399 --> 00:11:07.039 and it became kindergarten through senior year of high school. 193 00:11:07.759 --> 00:11:11.519 And that building was originally built in nineteen twenty two, 194 00:11:11.960 --> 00:11:15.080 so at the time of this of this bombing, the 195 00:11:15.120 --> 00:11:16.279 building was about five years old. 196 00:11:18.080 --> 00:11:22.080 Now, what was the population in Bath at that time? Oh, 197 00:11:22.240 --> 00:11:24.200 I god, I'm round. 198 00:11:24.200 --> 00:11:26.559 I'd like to tell you, but yeah, I would say 199 00:11:27.600 --> 00:11:32.440 maybe five hundred to seven hundred. But that's that's a 200 00:11:32.519 --> 00:11:34.559 guest demate on my party. Couldn't have it off the 201 00:11:34.559 --> 00:11:36.799 top of my head. But it's small, let's put it 202 00:11:36.840 --> 00:11:37.120 that way. 203 00:11:37.240 --> 00:11:37.639 Very small. 204 00:11:37.759 --> 00:11:40.159 Yeah, and then they again they don't have electricity. 205 00:11:40.559 --> 00:11:41.279 Keep that in mind. 206 00:11:42.360 --> 00:11:46.159 Some places had electricity, such as the school. 207 00:11:46.240 --> 00:11:52.440 But that was because they had a generator. Right now, 208 00:11:53.320 --> 00:11:56.919 some of the characters in this what maybe we'll get 209 00:11:56.960 --> 00:12:01.919 to Andrew Keyhole because he has you basically done an 210 00:12:02.039 --> 00:12:04.759 incredible amount of research in his background and who he 211 00:12:05.039 --> 00:12:09.080 was beforehand, and there is a way there's records about 212 00:12:09.240 --> 00:12:11.480 what his character really was like. So tell us about 213 00:12:11.559 --> 00:12:14.039 Andrew Keijo, where he came from and his wife Nelly, 214 00:12:14.200 --> 00:12:18.080 and tell us a little bit about who he was. Well, 215 00:12:18.200 --> 00:12:20.399 key Hoo came from a different town in Michigan. 216 00:12:21.000 --> 00:12:23.279 He lived outside. I can't remember the name of the 217 00:12:23.320 --> 00:12:26.360 town off hand. I'm sorry about that, but he lived 218 00:12:26.360 --> 00:12:30.639 in a different town. He and his father did not 219 00:12:30.720 --> 00:12:33.799 get along. There was kind of a give and take 220 00:12:33.879 --> 00:12:36.840 between the two men. Now, his mother passed away when 221 00:12:36.919 --> 00:12:41.320 Keyho was young, and Kiyo's father remarried married a woman 222 00:12:41.840 --> 00:12:45.919 who was in essence, maybe a couple of years older 223 00:12:45.960 --> 00:12:49.200 than Keiho himself. He was very angry with his father 224 00:12:49.320 --> 00:12:52.799 for marrying a woman that young, and it said she 225 00:12:52.799 --> 00:12:59.240 could have been his sister. And Keyhoe was a master electrician. 226 00:12:59.759 --> 00:13:04.159 He studied electricity and was, you know, it's something of 227 00:13:04.240 --> 00:13:06.440 a genius had it when it was still a new, 228 00:13:07.039 --> 00:13:08.000 relatively new thing. 229 00:13:08.120 --> 00:13:10.759 This was in like the round. 230 00:13:11.360 --> 00:13:13.720 Oh god, this is like the early nineteen hundreds were talking. 231 00:13:14.759 --> 00:13:20.600 So electricity was the new thing. And his father's wife, Francis, 232 00:13:21.000 --> 00:13:25.519 his father's new wife, Francis, they didn't get along either. Now, 233 00:13:26.320 --> 00:13:33.720 on September seventeenth of nineteen eleven, Francis was lighting the stove. 234 00:13:35.639 --> 00:13:40.639 The stove itself exploded. It was, you know, the old 235 00:13:40.679 --> 00:13:43.000 fashioned gas stove. Once by one account it was lit 236 00:13:43.080 --> 00:13:47.559 by oil. Another count was gasoline. And she was just 237 00:13:47.759 --> 00:13:51.519 engulfed in a ball of flame. Kehoe himself was the 238 00:13:51.600 --> 00:13:55.240 only one there. He came in. Now he threw water 239 00:13:55.399 --> 00:13:58.200 on her to stop it. Now, oil and water don't mix, 240 00:13:58.360 --> 00:14:01.679 causing the you know, it causes the flame to spread. 241 00:14:01.720 --> 00:14:03.639 You're supposed to throw baking powder things like that in 242 00:14:03.759 --> 00:14:06.240 that kitchen fire, things like that. Well he didn't, and 243 00:14:06.360 --> 00:14:10.240 it caused her brain burns to be even worse. Kehoe 244 00:14:11.000 --> 00:14:13.840 went to the house next door. They had a phone 245 00:14:13.879 --> 00:14:17.679 at the house next door, and he said, could I 246 00:14:17.759 --> 00:14:20.320 bire your phone friend? He's been burned, you know, like 247 00:14:20.399 --> 00:14:22.279 she dropped up, you know, a pot of hot water 248 00:14:22.399 --> 00:14:25.600 on her foot or something like that. And he said, oh, 249 00:14:25.600 --> 00:14:30.080 by the way, call the priest. They went back to 250 00:14:30.200 --> 00:14:32.559 the house. She hung on for a few more hours. 251 00:14:32.320 --> 00:14:32.399 But. 252 00:14:34.240 --> 00:14:40.120 Just in absolute agony. Now, Keyho, nobody knows how this 253 00:14:40.240 --> 00:14:43.919 thing started. But Keho had the knowledge on how to 254 00:14:44.120 --> 00:14:47.840 set things like this. He was an expert in explosives. 255 00:14:48.639 --> 00:14:51.559 Now that sounds a little odd, but keep in mind 256 00:14:52.120 --> 00:14:54.559 in this day and age, there was a thing called 257 00:14:54.639 --> 00:14:56.919 stump blasting for people don't know what that is. If 258 00:14:56.960 --> 00:14:59.240 you have a stump in your field, a stump, boulder, 259 00:14:59.559 --> 00:15:01.840 something like that, you need to blow it up. 260 00:15:02.320 --> 00:15:02.639 They could. 261 00:15:02.679 --> 00:15:04.399 You couldn't use your horse, it would kill your horse. 262 00:15:04.639 --> 00:15:06.679 Cars were relatively new, but it would rip your car 263 00:15:06.759 --> 00:15:08.720 to shreds. And they did him grinder in those days. 264 00:15:08.759 --> 00:15:09.600 They just blew him up. 265 00:15:10.039 --> 00:15:12.320 So Kehoon was an expert in this kind of stuff, 266 00:15:12.360 --> 00:15:14.759 and he was an expert in electricity even at this 267 00:15:14.879 --> 00:15:19.440 young age. And did he set off the fire the 268 00:15:19.559 --> 00:15:23.960 explosion in the stove, there's no way to know. On 269 00:15:24.039 --> 00:15:27.679 the other hand, his behavior was awfully strange, awfully strange 270 00:15:28.000 --> 00:15:29.840 on that day, and the way, you know, the way 271 00:15:29.879 --> 00:15:32.440 he said Franny got burned and call a priest, and 272 00:15:32.639 --> 00:15:35.879 very nonchalant about the whole thing, and the way, of 273 00:15:35.919 --> 00:15:38.240 course he threw water on her. He certainly would have 274 00:15:38.279 --> 00:15:40.159 been smart enough to know that you throw you know, 275 00:15:40.279 --> 00:15:42.399 baking powder or flour or something like that in a 276 00:15:42.879 --> 00:15:45.200 in a kitchen fire of such magnitude. 277 00:15:46.720 --> 00:15:49.279 So what was his father, What was his father's reaction 278 00:15:49.440 --> 00:15:51.440 in terms of father. 279 00:15:52.440 --> 00:15:55.320 And he had he had to he was using two 280 00:15:55.399 --> 00:15:58.600 canes basically, and he had slowly had to get through 281 00:15:58.639 --> 00:16:02.159 the house to get to his wife and his son, 282 00:16:02.399 --> 00:16:06.159 and he was in absolute agony, you know, psychologically over this, 283 00:16:06.279 --> 00:16:08.519 but there was nothing he could do. He was, you know, 284 00:16:08.600 --> 00:16:10.320 an elderly man and quite sick at the time. 285 00:16:13.159 --> 00:16:15.639 Was he suspicious of his son that there was something, 286 00:16:16.240 --> 00:16:17.320 there was foul play. 287 00:16:18.720 --> 00:16:20.840 There's no record of it. He could have been, but 288 00:16:20.879 --> 00:16:24.200 there's no record of it. Right, And again this is 289 00:16:24.240 --> 00:16:28.720 something he was never charged with anything. Nobody could prove anything, 290 00:16:29.080 --> 00:16:31.080 and at the time, nobody said anything. It was a 291 00:16:31.200 --> 00:16:34.440 terrible kitchen accident. It's one of those things in retrospect, 292 00:16:34.519 --> 00:16:37.679 when after the bad school bombing happened, people you know, 293 00:16:37.840 --> 00:16:40.799 heard about this and that, oh, maybe he had something 294 00:16:40.879 --> 00:16:43.360 to do with it. But it was something in his 295 00:16:43.440 --> 00:16:46.360 record in his past that not many people knew about 296 00:16:46.399 --> 00:16:48.679 it that came to light after the school bombing. 297 00:16:51.159 --> 00:16:54.159 Now, in terms of people that testify to his character, 298 00:16:54.320 --> 00:16:59.200 that were witnessed to his character, it wasn't like he 299 00:16:59.360 --> 00:17:03.799 wasn't well loved, but there were some peculiarities about this 300 00:17:04.000 --> 00:17:07.000 medling some things that he was very adamant about, and 301 00:17:07.079 --> 00:17:10.720 other things that he was so was somewhat odds. So 302 00:17:10.880 --> 00:17:12.480 maybe tell us a little bit about some of his 303 00:17:12.799 --> 00:17:15.839 you know, he had political he was interested in politics. 304 00:17:15.920 --> 00:17:18.359 He was interested in religion, or at least he was religious. 305 00:17:18.440 --> 00:17:21.799 So well, he was very anti religious. He was very 306 00:17:21.839 --> 00:17:26.279 anti religious man. When they came to collect for the 307 00:17:26.480 --> 00:17:31.519 Catholic church, he said the old church had burned down 308 00:17:31.519 --> 00:17:33.440 and they were coming to build a new one. He said, no, 309 00:17:34.720 --> 00:17:36.759 we don't want any money. We won't give anybody say that, 310 00:17:36.880 --> 00:17:41.480 so he did not This was before he moved to Bath. Now, 311 00:17:41.519 --> 00:17:43.920 when he moved to Bath with his wife, Nelly. 312 00:17:44.279 --> 00:17:44.880 We had married. 313 00:17:46.519 --> 00:17:50.920 Nelly's uncle was Lawrence Price, who was well known in 314 00:17:51.200 --> 00:17:54.960 the Bath area as a politician there. And they moved 315 00:17:55.079 --> 00:17:57.440 into a home in Bath on the outskirts of Bath, 316 00:17:58.119 --> 00:18:04.400 which was actually Nelly's childhood home. And Kio himself ran 317 00:18:04.519 --> 00:18:09.119 for school trustee and one and became a treasurer. And 318 00:18:10.519 --> 00:18:11.960 they had no children. 319 00:18:12.079 --> 00:18:13.279 But he felt that his tax. 320 00:18:13.160 --> 00:18:15.960 Money was going into the school, he should have a say, 321 00:18:16.039 --> 00:18:17.799 people in the area should have a say on it. 322 00:18:18.000 --> 00:18:23.039 Which is perfectly normal, you know, perfectly you know, understandable. 323 00:18:24.160 --> 00:18:27.839 He was a farmer. He would wear a suit and 324 00:18:28.039 --> 00:18:32.279 tie when he did his farming, which and people said 325 00:18:32.319 --> 00:18:34.920 that his toolshed was cleaner than some people's barns. 326 00:18:35.880 --> 00:18:37.759 It was, you know, remarkable. 327 00:18:39.240 --> 00:18:41.440 He would go to you know, the local they had 328 00:18:41.559 --> 00:18:45.359 like a local gathering hall, you know where they would 329 00:18:45.359 --> 00:18:47.240 have you know, dances and things like that, and he 330 00:18:47.240 --> 00:18:48.880 would go to the card games there and he would 331 00:18:48.880 --> 00:18:51.200 always you know, get into fights about the rules things 332 00:18:51.240 --> 00:18:54.440 like that. At the school board meetings, he would get 333 00:18:54.640 --> 00:19:00.279 into arguments about how money was being spent with the 334 00:19:00.599 --> 00:19:03.079 Emery Hike, who was the superintendent. 335 00:19:02.480 --> 00:19:03.079 Of the school. 336 00:19:03.680 --> 00:19:08.839 Now I've worked in education for many years I've been 337 00:19:08.880 --> 00:19:12.880 to school board meetings many times, and there was nothing 338 00:19:13.039 --> 00:19:16.680 unusual about this behavior. But to go with a you know, 339 00:19:16.759 --> 00:19:20.920 a cantankerous relationship between a school board member and you know, 340 00:19:21.000 --> 00:19:22.839 the person in charge of the school, you know, such 341 00:19:22.839 --> 00:19:29.200 as the superintendent. So he was and other people just 342 00:19:29.279 --> 00:19:31.279 thought he was just the nicest neighbor that could be. 343 00:19:31.440 --> 00:19:34.279 The children all loved him, they you know, one of 344 00:19:34.319 --> 00:19:36.200 the survivors said to me, he was the nicest man, 345 00:19:36.519 --> 00:19:38.480 always tipping his hat to children, things like that. 346 00:19:39.559 --> 00:19:40.319 So he was. 347 00:19:40.480 --> 00:19:43.759 He was a real dichotomy of a man. And but 348 00:19:44.400 --> 00:19:46.440 he could be the cranky neighbor or he could be 349 00:19:46.519 --> 00:19:49.720 the nice guy, depending on you know what day you 350 00:19:49.839 --> 00:19:54.039 ran into him, I suppose. But again, nothing unusual about this. 351 00:19:56.599 --> 00:19:59.319 What I thought was unusual was some of the like 352 00:19:59.440 --> 00:20:03.400 I say, he he was really stubborn in certain respects 353 00:20:03.440 --> 00:20:06.000 when he had something he really believed in. Tell us 354 00:20:06.039 --> 00:20:10.759 a little bit about his mortgage. Yeah, how the bank reacted. 355 00:20:11.440 --> 00:20:15.799 Okay, Now he was The mortgage was actually in his 356 00:20:15.880 --> 00:20:20.240 wife's name because his wife's family owned the property, and 357 00:20:21.680 --> 00:20:25.039 he felt that the farmers could control if they controlled 358 00:20:25.039 --> 00:20:29.759 their crops, they could control you know, the prices so 359 00:20:29.880 --> 00:20:33.799 he let his farm go to seed and basically the 360 00:20:34.039 --> 00:20:36.680 crops just rotted. 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It was in his you know, 379 00:21:25.000 --> 00:21:29.160 his wife, his wife's name, and his wife was quite ill. 380 00:21:29.599 --> 00:21:33.319 She had some sort of lung disease, could have been tuberculosis, 381 00:21:34.039 --> 00:21:36.400 and they weren't about to throw them out, particularly with 382 00:21:36.480 --> 00:21:38.960 you know, with the power power of her uncle, you know, 383 00:21:39.039 --> 00:21:42.079 and her sisters as well. Nellie had two sisters. There 384 00:21:42.160 --> 00:21:43.400 was no way they were going to throw them out. 385 00:21:44.640 --> 00:21:47.519 But keyho Set often said that the taxes on the 386 00:21:47.559 --> 00:21:51.519 school were ruining him and that's why he was going broke, 387 00:21:52.680 --> 00:21:54.640 and he did not pay his mortgage for many years. 388 00:21:55.440 --> 00:22:00.559 And you know this, you know, led us to eventually, 389 00:22:00.759 --> 00:22:01.480 you know, the bombing. 390 00:22:04.960 --> 00:22:06.839 Now. The other thing that he was was he was 391 00:22:06.920 --> 00:22:09.839 sort of mechanically inclined. He had when he even moved 392 00:22:09.839 --> 00:22:12.119 to the area. He was kind of known as a 393 00:22:12.200 --> 00:22:15.000 progressive farmer. Guys were coming around looking at his machinery. 394 00:22:15.720 --> 00:22:17.720 Odds he was one the first one was attractor there, 395 00:22:18.559 --> 00:22:19.720 but he was he. 396 00:22:19.759 --> 00:22:21.519 Wasn't the first guy with a vehicle. So he didn't 397 00:22:21.519 --> 00:22:24.039 have a vehicle, but he had a modern machine, right. 398 00:22:24.400 --> 00:22:26.400 And they call it's funny because they called the machines 399 00:22:26.440 --> 00:22:28.839 in those days, they called cars machines. Eventually he got 400 00:22:28.880 --> 00:22:31.960 a truck, but he did not have a He didn't 401 00:22:31.960 --> 00:22:35.960