1 00:00:00,080 --> 00:00:02,560 Speaker 1: Hello everyone, and welcome back to Thrilling Threads. 2 00:00:02,879 --> 00:00:03,799 Speaker 2: It's great to be here. 3 00:00:04,120 --> 00:00:08,199 Speaker 1: I am so so hyped for today's session because we 4 00:00:08,279 --> 00:00:11,480 are pulling on a thread that is, I mean, it's 5 00:00:11,560 --> 00:00:15,279 literally weaving the fabric of our reality together or perhaps 6 00:00:15,359 --> 00:00:18,920 unraveling it or yeah, or if some of these theories 7 00:00:18,960 --> 00:00:21,399 are to be believed, might be tearing it apart. 8 00:00:21,559 --> 00:00:25,039 Speaker 2: It's definitely one of the most provocative topics we've ever tackled. Yeah, 9 00:00:25,120 --> 00:00:28,960 I mean, usually we're looking at history, maybe technology, right, 10 00:00:29,320 --> 00:00:33,039 but today we're looking at the fundamental architecture of existence 11 00:00:33,079 --> 00:00:34,159 itself exactly. 12 00:00:34,240 --> 00:00:36,600 Speaker 1: And I want to start with a hook that when 13 00:00:36,640 --> 00:00:38,840 I open our research packet, it just grabbed me by 14 00:00:38,840 --> 00:00:41,399 the throat. Okay, it sounds like something from a I 15 00:00:41,439 --> 00:00:44,000 don't know, a sci fi horror movie, but it's a 16 00:00:44,079 --> 00:00:48,960 legitimate question being asked in you know, high level physics corridors. 17 00:00:49,479 --> 00:00:51,159 What if the universe has a reflection. 18 00:00:51,600 --> 00:00:53,960 Speaker 2: It's a chilling concept, isn't it. We're so used to 19 00:00:54,000 --> 00:00:55,280 reflections being passive. 20 00:00:55,479 --> 00:00:57,240 Speaker 1: Yeah, they look at a mirror, you see an image. 21 00:00:57,240 --> 00:00:58,880 It's it's not real. 22 00:00:58,759 --> 00:01:01,359 Speaker 2: It has no substance. But the question we're digging into 23 00:01:01,399 --> 00:01:04,439 today is what if that reflection is physical, what if 24 00:01:04,439 --> 00:01:05,879 it's just as real as we are? 25 00:01:06,200 --> 00:01:09,159 Speaker 1: And what if while we're searching for the origins of 26 00:01:09,239 --> 00:01:15,959 reality with these enormous machines, humanity isn't just looking at 27 00:01:15,959 --> 00:01:19,640 the universe, but tearing a hole straight through to that 28 00:01:19,680 --> 00:01:20,239 other side. 29 00:01:20,280 --> 00:01:22,239 Speaker 2: And that's the part that really gets you, the idea 30 00:01:22,239 --> 00:01:25,200 that we're not just observing, we're interacting. We're knocking on 31 00:01:25,239 --> 00:01:27,200 a door we maybe shouldn't be. 32 00:01:27,400 --> 00:01:29,280 Speaker 1: And the part that actually kept me up last night 33 00:01:29,319 --> 00:01:32,239 reading this stuff, what if something is watching from that 34 00:01:32,280 --> 00:01:32,879 other side. 35 00:01:33,000 --> 00:01:35,599 Speaker 2: See, that's where the hard science starts to bleed into 36 00:01:35,640 --> 00:01:37,560 what I would call existential dread. 37 00:01:37,400 --> 00:01:40,400 Speaker 1: One hundred percent. It's a perfect term for it. So 38 00:01:41,200 --> 00:01:43,480 let's set the scene for you listening. Okay, we aren't 39 00:01:43,519 --> 00:01:46,680 in some sterile lab coat in a white room. We 40 00:01:46,760 --> 00:01:50,319 are deep beneath the rolling green fields of Swisserland. 41 00:01:49,799 --> 00:01:52,239 Speaker 2: And France, a beautiful, serene landscape. 42 00:01:52,280 --> 00:01:56,519 Speaker 1: Completely and buried right under your feet is this machine 43 00:01:56,599 --> 00:01:57,760 of metal and fire. 44 00:01:57,920 --> 00:02:01,120 Speaker 2: It's seventeen miles wide and unimaginable scale. 45 00:02:01,200 --> 00:02:04,000 Speaker 1: It just sleeps there, silent until a team of the 46 00:02:04,040 --> 00:02:07,480 world's smartest scientists press a button to make the universe. 47 00:02:07,519 --> 00:02:12,319 Speaker 2: Remember how it began, A very poetic but accurate description 48 00:02:12,520 --> 00:02:14,360 of the large Hadron collider. 49 00:02:14,000 --> 00:02:16,560 Speaker 1: At CERN it is. And look, we have a massive 50 00:02:16,599 --> 00:02:19,520 stack of sources today. We've got technical transcripts, we have 51 00:02:19,960 --> 00:02:23,520 pure reviewed papers on something called CPT symmetry, and even 52 00:02:23,599 --> 00:02:25,599 some comparative. 53 00:02:25,080 --> 00:02:26,919 Speaker 2: Mythology, really broad spectrum. 54 00:02:27,120 --> 00:02:29,319 Speaker 1: Yeah, and the mission for today is to explore that 55 00:02:29,479 --> 00:02:32,280 hidden ninety five percent of reality that we cannot see, 56 00:02:32,599 --> 00:02:35,719 dark matter, dark energy, and to really entertain the possibility 57 00:02:35,719 --> 00:02:38,879 that CERN isn't just discovering the unknown, but is actually 58 00:02:39,000 --> 00:02:41,199 awakening a mirror world. 59 00:02:41,120 --> 00:02:44,039 Speaker 2: Or to use the term from our outline, we're investigating 60 00:02:44,039 --> 00:02:44,840 the shadow realm. 61 00:02:44,919 --> 00:02:48,039 Speaker 1: A shadow realm. I love that it sets the tone perfectly, 62 00:02:48,120 --> 00:02:50,400 you know it does. We're not just talking about tiny 63 00:02:50,520 --> 00:02:54,319 sub atomic particles here. We are talking about antimatter. We're 64 00:02:54,360 --> 00:02:58,919 talking about backward flowing time and the legitimate question of 65 00:02:58,960 --> 00:03:01,360 whether we are all living in a sci fi movie 66 00:03:01,479 --> 00:03:03,719 or a ghost story or a ghost story maybe both. 67 00:03:03,800 --> 00:03:04,439 Speaker 2: It's possible. 68 00:03:04,680 --> 00:03:08,719 Speaker 1: So to you listening right now, buckle up seriously. We're 69 00:03:08,719 --> 00:03:11,240 going to take you on a journey that connects quantum 70 00:03:11,319 --> 00:03:16,319 physics to ancient Egyptian myths and even Carl Jung's psychology. 71 00:03:16,560 --> 00:03:18,639 Speaker 2: By the end of this, you really might not look 72 00:03:18,639 --> 00:03:20,680 at a mirror the same way. Again, not at all. 73 00:03:20,879 --> 00:03:24,919 So let's start with the machine itself. To understand the shadow, 74 00:03:25,000 --> 00:03:28,240 I think we have to first understand the light that's casting. 75 00:03:27,919 --> 00:03:32,120 Speaker 1: It right section one, the hidden ninety five percent, and 76 00:03:32,199 --> 00:03:37,439 the machine. Let's really unpack the Large Hadron Collider, because 77 00:03:37,560 --> 00:03:41,039 seventeen mile ring is easy to say, but I feel 78 00:03:41,039 --> 00:03:45,280 like we just glaze over what that actually means. Engineering wise. 79 00:03:45,319 --> 00:03:48,439 Speaker 2: It's a valid point. The scale is it's difficult for 80 00:03:48,479 --> 00:03:50,719 the human mind to really grass I can even picture it. 81 00:03:50,759 --> 00:03:54,159 The LHC is the largest and most powerful particle accelerator 82 00:03:54,159 --> 00:03:57,360 in the world, full stop. It's a twenty seven kilometer 83 00:03:57,439 --> 00:04:01,639 ring that's seventeen miles of superconducting back superconducting, with a 84 00:04:01,719 --> 00:04:04,159 number of accelerating structures along the way to just keep 85 00:04:04,199 --> 00:04:05,639 boosting the energy of the particles. 86 00:04:05,680 --> 00:04:07,319 Speaker 1: And when you say boost the energy, we're really just 87 00:04:07,319 --> 00:04:09,719 talking about speed, right, making them go faster and faster. 88 00:04:09,919 --> 00:04:12,879 Speaker 2: We're talking about flinging protons, you know, the hearts of 89 00:04:12,919 --> 00:04:16,920 atoms around this massive track. At ninety nine point nine 90 00:04:17,160 --> 00:04:19,439 nine nine nine one one percent the speed of light. 91 00:04:19,600 --> 00:04:22,560 Speaker 1: That number just doesn't seem real. What does that even 92 00:04:22,600 --> 00:04:22,959 look like? 93 00:04:23,079 --> 00:04:25,639 Speaker 2: Well, at that speed, a single proton will travel the 94 00:04:25,800 --> 00:04:29,959 entire seventeen mile ring about eleven thousand times every. 95 00:04:29,759 --> 00:04:32,560 Speaker 1: Second, eleven thousand laps in one. 96 00:04:32,439 --> 00:04:35,519 Speaker 2: Second, in one second. Yeah. And to guide these particles, 97 00:04:35,560 --> 00:04:38,120 to keep them on that perfect circular path, they use 98 00:04:38,199 --> 00:04:40,399 thousands of incredibly powerful magnets. 99 00:04:40,600 --> 00:04:42,920 Speaker 1: Okay, and this is where the superconducting part comes in. 100 00:04:43,000 --> 00:04:46,160 Speaker 2: I assume exactly, because here's the engineering novel of it all. 101 00:04:46,680 --> 00:04:50,079 To make those magnets superconducting, which means they have zero 102 00:04:50,120 --> 00:04:53,040 electrical resistance, no energy loss, you have to cool. 103 00:04:52,879 --> 00:04:55,920 Speaker 1: Them cool to what like a deep freeze, much much colder. 104 00:04:55,959 --> 00:04:58,839 Speaker 2: They use superfluid helium to cool the magnets down to 105 00:04:59,120 --> 00:05:01,759 minus two hundred seventy one point three degrees. 106 00:05:01,480 --> 00:05:04,000 Speaker 1: Celsius heay, minus two seventy one isn't. 107 00:05:03,800 --> 00:05:06,480 Speaker 2: That it is? That's colder than outer space. So you 108 00:05:06,519 --> 00:05:09,480 have inside this machine just a few hundred feet beneath 109 00:05:09,519 --> 00:05:12,199 the Swiss countryside, one of the coldest places in the 110 00:05:12,319 --> 00:05:13,560 entire universe. 111 00:05:13,480 --> 00:05:16,079 Speaker 1: And right next to it, you're conducting these beams of 112 00:05:17,160 --> 00:05:20,079 wall fire particles moving at the speed of light. 113 00:05:20,240 --> 00:05:22,639 Speaker 2: It's a place of unbelievable extremes. 114 00:05:22,680 --> 00:05:25,079 Speaker 1: And the whole point of all this effort, the billions 115 00:05:25,079 --> 00:05:28,879 of dollars, the freezing temperatures, is just to smash them together. 116 00:05:29,000 --> 00:05:32,120 Speaker 2: It is a demolition derby, yes, a very very expensive one, 117 00:05:32,600 --> 00:05:37,759 But the goal isn't destruction. It's recreation. Recreation of what 118 00:05:38,040 --> 00:05:41,399 when two of these proton beams collide head on for 119 00:05:41,480 --> 00:05:44,600 a tiny fraction of a second, the energy density is 120 00:05:44,639 --> 00:05:48,360 so incredibly high that we are recreating the conditions that 121 00:05:48,480 --> 00:05:51,160 existed mere moments after the Big Bang. 122 00:05:51,279 --> 00:05:54,639 Speaker 1: So they're literally hitting the rewind button on the universe precisely. 123 00:05:54,759 --> 00:05:57,959 Speaker 2: They're smashing matter down to its most fundamental components, just 124 00:05:58,000 --> 00:06:00,279 to see what falls out. Yeah, and the primary goal, 125 00:06:00,279 --> 00:06:03,160 the Big prize is to find the invisible. 126 00:06:02,800 --> 00:06:05,800 Speaker 1: Which brings us to this cosmic couch analogy. I found 127 00:06:05,839 --> 00:06:08,160 this in the source material and it completely blew my mind. 128 00:06:08,240 --> 00:06:12,319 Speaker 2: It's a very helpful way to visualize our own cosmic 129 00:06:12,360 --> 00:06:13,560 insignificance in a way. 130 00:06:13,800 --> 00:06:16,120 Speaker 1: So, okay, imagine your living room. You see the couch, 131 00:06:16,199 --> 00:06:19,480 the TV, the rug, maybe your dog, a lamp. That's 132 00:06:19,519 --> 00:06:20,519 all normal. 133 00:06:20,199 --> 00:06:25,319 Speaker 2: Matter, buryonic matter, technically protons, neutrons, electrons, everything we can 134 00:06:25,360 --> 00:06:27,680 touch and see and interact. 135 00:06:27,240 --> 00:06:30,800 Speaker 1: With, right, all of that stuff, It only makes up 136 00:06:30,839 --> 00:06:33,759 five percent of the entire universe. Five percent, So if 137 00:06:33,759 --> 00:06:36,439 the entire universe is a house, we can basically only 138 00:06:36,439 --> 00:06:37,079 see the door. 139 00:06:36,959 --> 00:06:40,040 Speaker 2: Knob and maybe you welcome Matt. The rest the ninety 140 00:06:40,079 --> 00:06:44,000 five percent is effectively invisible. The source material calls it 141 00:06:44,040 --> 00:06:46,680 playing hide and seek. We call it dark matter and 142 00:06:46,759 --> 00:06:47,399 dark energy. 143 00:06:47,480 --> 00:06:49,600 Speaker 1: But wait, hold on, if it's ninety five percent of 144 00:06:49,600 --> 00:06:52,839 the universe, if it's the walls and the floor and 145 00:06:52,879 --> 00:06:55,680 the ceiling of the house, why am I not bumping 146 00:06:55,759 --> 00:06:57,879 into it? Why can't I see it or feel it? 147 00:06:58,040 --> 00:07:00,839 Speaker 2: And that is the ghost problem, that's the of the mystery. 148 00:07:01,439 --> 00:07:04,560 Dark matter doesn't seem to interact with the electromagnetic force, 149 00:07:04,680 --> 00:07:06,920 which means which means it doesn't absorb light, it doesn't 150 00:07:06,920 --> 00:07:09,639 reflect light, it doesn't emit light. It would pass right 151 00:07:09,680 --> 00:07:12,680 through your hand. It's passing through us, through this entire 152 00:07:12,759 --> 00:07:13,920 planet right now. 153 00:07:14,319 --> 00:07:16,199 Speaker 1: So then how in the world do we know it's 154 00:07:16,199 --> 00:07:19,800 even there? Is this just you know, physicists making up 155 00:07:19,839 --> 00:07:21,600 a number to make their math work out. 156 00:07:21,879 --> 00:07:24,399 Speaker 2: No, No, it's not a fudge factor. Yeah, we know 157 00:07:24,480 --> 00:07:27,959 it's there because the one thing it does interact with gravity. 158 00:07:28,160 --> 00:07:28,720 Speaker 1: Ah. 159 00:07:28,759 --> 00:07:32,959 Speaker 2: Gravity is the tell and the classic proof is the rotation. 160 00:07:32,639 --> 00:07:35,160 Speaker 1: Of galaxies, right, the merry go round thing. I remember 161 00:07:35,199 --> 00:07:36,240 reading about that exactly. 162 00:07:36,360 --> 00:07:40,480 Speaker 2: Imagine a merry go round spinning incredibly fast. If you're 163 00:07:40,480 --> 00:07:43,800 on the edge and you don't hold on tight, what happens? 164 00:07:43,920 --> 00:07:47,000 Speaker 1: You fly off centrifugal force throws you into the bushes. 165 00:07:47,120 --> 00:07:49,399 Speaker 2: Right now, look at a galaxy. It's a spinning disc 166 00:07:49,959 --> 00:07:54,000 of billions of stars. Yeah, we can estimate the mass 167 00:07:54,000 --> 00:07:56,920 of all the stars and gas. We can see when 168 00:07:57,000 --> 00:08:00,240 we calculate the gravity that all that visible mass creates, 169 00:08:00,519 --> 00:08:02,480 it's not nearly enough to hold the stars on the 170 00:08:02,519 --> 00:08:03,160 outer edge. 171 00:08:03,240 --> 00:08:04,879 Speaker 1: They should be flying off into the void. 172 00:08:05,319 --> 00:08:09,279 Speaker 2: The galaxies should be tearing themselves apart. But they don't. 173 00:08:09,319 --> 00:08:12,519 They hold together. They spin much much faster than they 174 00:08:12,519 --> 00:08:15,639 should be able to without exploding. And that implies there's 175 00:08:15,680 --> 00:08:18,399 something else there, something heavy, something massive and heavy and 176 00:08:18,439 --> 00:08:19,839 invisible that's holding it all together. 177 00:08:19,920 --> 00:08:21,560 Speaker 1: Gravity from a ghost. 178 00:08:21,839 --> 00:08:24,519 Speaker 2: That's a perfect way to put it. Dark matter outweighs 179 00:08:24,519 --> 00:08:27,319 normal matter by about five to one. It is the 180 00:08:27,360 --> 00:08:29,319 invisible scaffolding of the universe. 181 00:08:29,600 --> 00:08:32,360 Speaker 1: So orre does the Christmas lights hanging on an invisible tree. 182 00:08:32,559 --> 00:08:33,960 Speaker 2: That's a fantastic analogy. 183 00:08:34,039 --> 00:08:37,600 Speaker 1: Yes, okay, that's a humbling image. So CERN's whole job 184 00:08:37,679 --> 00:08:39,799 then is to try and find this ghost stuff. 185 00:08:40,360 --> 00:08:46,120 Speaker 2: Yes, yeah, the huge detectors like Atlas and CMS, which 186 00:08:46,120 --> 00:08:50,919 are basically cathedral sized digital cameras buried underground. They're watching 187 00:08:51,000 --> 00:08:54,360 every single collision for ghostly fingerprints. 188 00:08:54,440 --> 00:08:56,480 Speaker 1: What does a fingerprint of a ghost look like? 189 00:08:56,759 --> 00:08:59,480 Speaker 2: It could be missing energy? You know, the energy after 190 00:08:59,480 --> 00:09:02,519 a collision doesn't add up to the energy before. It's 191 00:09:02,559 --> 00:09:05,960 because that something invisible carried it away. They're smashing protons 192 00:09:05,960 --> 00:09:08,159 hoping that if they hit them hard enough, they might 193 00:09:08,240 --> 00:09:10,639 knock a piece of dark matter loose or create a 194 00:09:10,639 --> 00:09:11,919 disturbance that points to it. 195 00:09:12,159 --> 00:09:14,240 Speaker 1: And this is where the whole mirror idea really starts 196 00:09:14,279 --> 00:09:16,679 to creep in. The source material suggests that maybe this 197 00:09:16,799 --> 00:09:19,679 dark matter isn't just random and visible dust, maybe had 198 00:09:19,679 --> 00:09:20,279 a structure. 199 00:09:20,799 --> 00:09:23,240 Speaker 2: This is the insight that really transitions us to our 200 00:09:23,279 --> 00:09:28,159 next section. Some theoretical physicists argue that dark matter isn't simple, 201 00:09:28,799 --> 00:09:31,399 that it might be a mirror world with its own 202 00:09:31,519 --> 00:09:35,840 complex particles, its own forces, maybe even its own mirror 203 00:09:35,919 --> 00:09:39,200 stars and mirror planets all overlapping with our own. 204 00:09:39,279 --> 00:09:42,879 Speaker 1: Which brings us directly to Section two. Antimatter and the 205 00:09:43,000 --> 00:09:45,879 evil twin, The evil twin. I love that the source 206 00:09:45,919 --> 00:09:48,720 material actually uses that term. It says antimatter is the 207 00:09:48,799 --> 00:09:52,519 universe's evil twin, just without the goatee chuckles. 208 00:09:52,600 --> 00:09:53,279 Speaker 2: It's memorable. 209 00:09:53,759 --> 00:09:56,159 Speaker 1: But let's define it properly, because I think people hear 210 00:09:56,200 --> 00:09:59,039 antimatter and they just think of Star Trek fuel. 211 00:09:59,279 --> 00:10:02,639 Speaker 2: What is it? Antimatter is the perfect mirror twin of 212 00:10:02,720 --> 00:10:06,919 normal matter. For every particle of matter that exists, there 213 00:10:07,000 --> 00:10:11,320 is a corresponding antiparticle. They're identical in mass, identical in. 214 00:10:11,279 --> 00:10:13,360 Speaker 1: Spin, but there's always a butt. 215 00:10:13,720 --> 00:10:17,159 Speaker 2: But they have the opposite electric charge. So electron has 216 00:10:17,159 --> 00:10:20,000 a negative charge. It's anti twin, which we call a 217 00:10:20,080 --> 00:10:22,080 positron has a positive charge. 218 00:10:22,159 --> 00:10:24,240 Speaker 1: Okay, that seems simple enough. So if I had a 219 00:10:24,279 --> 00:10:26,559 twin made of antimatter, he would look like me, he'd 220 00:10:26,559 --> 00:10:27,120 talk like more. 221 00:10:27,159 --> 00:10:28,840 Speaker 2: But if you tried to shake his hand, you would 222 00:10:28,879 --> 00:10:30,159 both explode. 223 00:10:29,759 --> 00:10:31,480 Speaker 1: Right, the handshake of doom. 224 00:10:31,600 --> 00:10:36,080 Speaker 2: When matter and antimatter meet, they annihilate instantly, and they 225 00:10:36,080 --> 00:10:38,720 convert one hundred percent of their mass into pure energy. 226 00:10:38,840 --> 00:10:41,639 Speaker 1: One hundred percent. That's that's not normal. 227 00:10:41,879 --> 00:10:45,000 Speaker 2: No, it's not. For context, a nuclear bomb is less 228 00:10:45,039 --> 00:10:48,120 than one percent efficient. To give you a sense of scale, 229 00:10:48,519 --> 00:10:51,799 a paper clip made of antimatter meeting a regular paper 230 00:10:51,840 --> 00:10:55,200 clip would create an explosion roughly the size of the 231 00:10:55,240 --> 00:10:56,759 bomb dropped on Hiroshima. 232 00:10:56,879 --> 00:10:58,840 Speaker 1: That is terrifyingly efficient. 233 00:10:58,879 --> 00:11:02,960 Speaker 2: It's Einstein's EMC in its purest, most violent form. 234 00:11:03,480 --> 00:11:06,600 Speaker 1: So here's the huge mystery that the source highlights, the 235 00:11:06,600 --> 00:11:10,639 Big Bang asymmetry. If the Big Bang created everything, it 236 00:11:10,639 --> 00:11:12,320 should have created a balance, shouldn't it. 237 00:11:12,519 --> 00:11:16,200 Speaker 2: Yes, Physics at its core demand symmetry. It's one of 238 00:11:16,200 --> 00:11:18,919 its guiding principles. So the Big Bang should have produced 239 00:11:18,919 --> 00:11:21,799 equal amounts of matter and antimatter fifty fifty. 240 00:11:21,840 --> 00:11:24,960 Speaker 1: But if that happened, then what well they would. 241 00:11:24,720 --> 00:11:27,440 Speaker 2: Have found each other almost instantly in that hot, dense 242 00:11:27,679 --> 00:11:30,679 early universe, and they would have annihilated each other. 243 00:11:30,759 --> 00:11:32,720 Speaker 1: So the baby universe would have been just a flash 244 00:11:32,720 --> 00:11:34,200 of light and then nothing. 245 00:11:34,480 --> 00:11:38,039 Speaker 2: No stars, no galaxies, no planets, no us. 246 00:11:38,320 --> 00:11:41,840 Speaker 1: But we are here, I'm touching this table. I exist. 247 00:11:42,000 --> 00:11:43,639 So something's wrong exactly. 248 00:11:43,799 --> 00:11:47,360 Speaker 2: We exist because of a broken balance for some reason. 249 00:11:47,399 --> 00:11:53,600 We still don't understand. One twin vanished matter one antimatter disappeared. 250 00:11:53,879 --> 00:11:57,120 We were literally living in the leftovers of a cosmic accident. 251 00:11:57,240 --> 00:11:59,080 Speaker 1: Or are we Maybe it didn't disappear. 252 00:11:59,200 --> 00:12:02,279 Speaker 2: That is the question, isn't it. Current experiments at CERN, 253 00:12:02,399 --> 00:12:06,639 like the LF experiment or LHCb, are actually creating and 254 00:12:06,720 --> 00:12:11,399 trapping anti hydrogen atoms. They're holding antimatter, how in powerful 255 00:12:11,440 --> 00:12:13,639 magnetic traps. They hold it in a vacuum so it 256 00:12:13,679 --> 00:12:17,000 can't touch anything, and they're studying it, measuring it, poking it. 257 00:12:17,159 --> 00:12:19,120 They're looking for a flaw, a difference. 258 00:12:19,159 --> 00:12:21,000 Speaker 1: They want to find out why our twin died and 259 00:12:21,039 --> 00:12:21,840 we survived. 260 00:12:22,120 --> 00:12:24,919 Speaker 2: They are hunting for even the slightest difference in mass 261 00:12:25,000 --> 00:12:28,879 or charge or its reaction to gravity to explain this asymmetry. 262 00:12:28,960 --> 00:12:31,159 But here's the catch. What's up so far? They look 263 00:12:31,240 --> 00:12:34,000 absolutely perfectly identical, perfect mirrors. 264 00:12:33,639 --> 00:12:35,960 Speaker 1: Which implies the symmetry didn't actually break. 265 00:12:36,240 --> 00:12:40,080 Speaker 2: It implies the symmetry is incredibly robust. And if the 266 00:12:40,120 --> 00:12:43,840 symmetry didn't break, and all that antimatter isn't here with us, 267 00:12:44,759 --> 00:12:45,399 where is it? 268 00:12:45,559 --> 00:12:47,480 Speaker 1: Enter the shadow realm hypothesis. 269 00:12:47,519 --> 00:12:50,919 Speaker 2: Indeed, the speculation, and we should be clear this is speculation, 270 00:12:51,000 --> 00:12:53,879 but it's grounded in some very serious mathematics. Is that 271 00:12:53,919 --> 00:12:56,559 the missing antimatter didn't vanish. Yeah, it just. 272 00:12:57,120 --> 00:13:02,120 Speaker 1: Separated, like twins separated at birth. The two universes concept exactly. 273 00:13:02,279 --> 00:13:05,240 Speaker 2: Imagine two universes splitting apart at the moment of creation. 274 00:13:05,679 --> 00:13:08,840 Ours made of matter, and a shadow roam, a mirror 275 00:13:08,919 --> 00:13:10,600 universe made entirely of anti. 276 00:13:10,360 --> 00:13:13,320 Speaker 1: Matter, and they're just out there somewhere. 277 00:13:12,960 --> 00:13:16,840 Speaker 2: Perhaps not out there, perhaps they're linked by gravity by 278 00:13:16,840 --> 00:13:20,559 these invisible quantum threads, but separated physically in some way 279 00:13:20,600 --> 00:13:21,360 we can't perceive. 280 00:13:21,519 --> 00:13:24,840 Speaker 1: And the LHC connection. This is the part that genuinely freaks. 281 00:13:24,559 --> 00:13:26,320 Speaker 2: Me out, the idea that we're knocking on the door. 282 00:13:26,480 --> 00:13:29,639 Speaker 1: The fear is that every time the LHC fires, every 283 00:13:29,679 --> 00:13:32,799 single time it creates these high energy collisions, it might 284 00:13:32,840 --> 00:13:37,240 be briefly reconnecting these two severed halves, like building. 285 00:13:36,960 --> 00:13:39,440 Speaker 2: A temporary microscopic bridge across the divide. 286 00:13:39,519 --> 00:13:42,919 Speaker 1: The source material uses the image of tiny bridges or 287 00:13:43,039 --> 00:13:45,960 quantum whispers. We might be knocking on the door of 288 00:13:46,000 --> 00:13:49,639 the neighbors who moved out thirteen point eight billion years ago. 289 00:13:49,639 --> 00:13:51,799 Speaker 2: And neighbors who were made of stuff that would instantly 290 00:13:51,799 --> 00:13:53,480 destroy us. If we invited them in. 291 00:13:53,440 --> 00:13:56,720 Speaker 1: For tea exactly. But there's a theory that takes this 292 00:13:56,799 --> 00:13:59,600 whole mirror idea even further. It's not just about what 293 00:13:59,600 --> 00:14:02,240 it's made of, it's about time itself. 294 00:14:02,399 --> 00:14:02,600 Speaker 2: Ah. 295 00:14:02,679 --> 00:14:06,879 Speaker 1: Yes, let's go to section three. The CPT symmetric universe, 296 00:14:07,440 --> 00:14:08,799 the backward time theory. 297 00:14:09,159 --> 00:14:12,200 Speaker 2: This is a really fascinating one. It gains significant traction 298 00:14:12,279 --> 00:14:16,240 around twenty eighteen, and it was proposed largely by two physicists, 299 00:14:16,639 --> 00:14:18,759 Latham Boil and Neil Tarock. 300 00:14:18,919 --> 00:14:20,799 Speaker 1: Boil and tar Rock. They sound like they should be 301 00:14:20,799 --> 00:14:22,919 a detective duo in nineteenth century London. 302 00:14:23,159 --> 00:14:27,799 Speaker 2: Chuckles. They do. But their proposal is elegant, simple and 303 00:14:27,919 --> 00:14:29,039 completely mind bending. 304 00:14:29,159 --> 00:14:29,720 Speaker 1: So what is it? 305 00:14:29,799 --> 00:14:32,440 Speaker 2: They proposed that the Big Bang didn't just create one universe, 306 00:14:32,440 --> 00:14:35,799 it created two hours. Yeah, and a mirror twin. 307 00:14:35,960 --> 00:14:37,840 Speaker 1: Okay, we've established the twin. But you said there was 308 00:14:37,879 --> 00:14:38,919 a twist. What's the twist. 309 00:14:39,080 --> 00:14:42,399 Speaker 2: The twist is that in the mere universe time flows backward. 310 00:14:42,639 --> 00:14:45,080 Speaker 1: Stop time flowing backward. 311 00:14:44,879 --> 00:14:50,320 Speaker 2: From the Big Bang. Yes, our timeline flows forward away 312 00:14:50,360 --> 00:14:54,039 from the Big Bang. Theirs flows in the opposite temporal direction. 313 00:14:54,360 --> 00:14:56,720 Speaker 1: My brain hurts trying to picture that. Does that mean 314 00:14:57,279 --> 00:15:00,399 like they're born old and they die young. Is it 315 00:15:00,440 --> 00:15:01,440 like Benjamin Button. 316 00:15:01,759 --> 00:15:04,720 Speaker 2: It's very hard to visualize from our perspective. It's better 317 00:15:04,759 --> 00:15:07,159 to think about it in terms of entropy. The arrow 318 00:15:07,240 --> 00:15:10,120 of time. Okay, in our universe, if you drop an egg, 319 00:15:10,159 --> 00:15:14,000 it breaks, disorder increases. That's the arrow of time pointing forward. 320 00:15:14,399 --> 00:15:17,159 In the universe where time is reversed, the arrow points 321 00:15:17,200 --> 00:15:17,759 the other way. 322 00:15:18,120 --> 00:15:20,440 Speaker 1: Egg puts itself back together and flies back up into 323 00:15:20,480 --> 00:15:20,840 your hand. 324 00:15:20,960 --> 00:15:24,440 Speaker 2: From our perspective, yes, but from their perspective, their time 325 00:15:24,519 --> 00:15:27,159 is moving forward just as normally as ours does. For us, 326 00:15:27,799 --> 00:15:29,879 they would see us as the ones moving backward. 327 00:15:30,039 --> 00:15:35,159 Speaker 1: Why would scientists propose something so trippy? Is it just 328 00:15:35,200 --> 00:15:36,000 to mess with us? 329 00:15:36,279 --> 00:15:39,080 Speaker 2: No, it's because of something called CPT symmetry. It's a 330 00:15:39,080 --> 00:15:40,159 really fundamental principle. 331 00:15:40,200 --> 00:15:42,080 Speaker 1: Okay, break that down for me cept physics. 332 00:15:42,159 --> 00:15:44,320 Speaker 2: As we said, love symmetry. SEE stands for a charge, 333 00:15:44,320 --> 00:15:45,960 so positive versus negative. 334 00:15:45,960 --> 00:15:47,840 Speaker 1: Got it, matter versus antimatter. 335 00:15:48,080 --> 00:15:50,240 Speaker 2: P stands for parity. You can think of it as 336 00:15:50,320 --> 00:15:53,720 left first right, or a mirror image of spatial coordinates 337 00:15:53,799 --> 00:15:58,679 no reflection, and T obviously stands for time forward versus backward. 338 00:15:58,879 --> 00:16:01,799 Speaker 1: Okay, So charge parity time CPT. 339 00:16:02,440 --> 00:16:05,519 Speaker 2: Now here's the thing. We found in experiments that if 340 00:16:05,559 --> 00:16:09,240 you just flip charge, the laws of physics aren't perfectly symmetrical. 341 00:16:09,279 --> 00:16:11,600 If you just flip parity a mirror image, they don't 342 00:16:11,600 --> 00:16:17,200 work perfectly either. But if you flip all three at once, charge, parity, A, 343 00:16:17,320 --> 00:16:20,600 and D time, the equations balance perfectly. It seems to 344 00:16:20,600 --> 00:16:24,519 be the one true, unbreakable symmetry of the universe. So 345 00:16:24,639 --> 00:16:27,240 Boyle and Turok argued that if the universe is truly 346 00:16:27,320 --> 00:16:30,279 CPT symmetric, then the Big Bang must have created a 347 00:16:30,279 --> 00:16:33,240 CPT inverted twin to maintain that balance. 348 00:16:33,320 --> 00:16:35,679 Speaker 1: And the kicker the part that makes this not just 349 00:16:36,000 --> 00:16:39,080 a cool idea is that it explains dark matter. 350 00:16:39,240 --> 00:16:42,279 Speaker 2: Yes, that's the beauty of It's so elegant. If this 351 00:16:42,360 --> 00:16:44,960 mirror universe exists, we don't need to invent new ghost 352 00:16:44,960 --> 00:16:47,480 particles to explain all that missing gravity. Why not, because 353 00:16:47,480 --> 00:16:50,480 the gravity we feel the invisible stuff holding our galaxies together, 354 00:16:50,759 --> 00:16:52,559 is just the gravity from the mirror universe, full of 355 00:16:52,600 --> 00:16:55,879 antimatter pulling on ours across that dimensional divide. 356 00:16:56,000 --> 00:16:59,360 Speaker 1: So the missing stuff isn't lost, it's just on the 357 00:16:59,399 --> 00:16:59,840 other side of. 358 00:16:59,799 --> 00:17:03,759 Speaker 2: The a mirror world operating in perfect reverse, a quantum 359 00:17:03,759 --> 00:17:05,079 hair's breadth away from us. 360 00:17:05,279 --> 00:17:07,960 Speaker 1: I have to bring up the movie Tenant, the Christopher 361 00:17:07,960 --> 00:17:08,519 Nolan movie. 362 00:17:08,599 --> 00:17:10,039 Speaker 2: I was wondering when you're gonna mention that. 363 00:17:10,519 --> 00:17:14,079 Speaker 1: It's literally this right, I mean, people and objects moving 364 00:17:14,160 --> 00:17:16,319 backwards through time inverted entropy. 365 00:17:16,559 --> 00:17:20,440 Speaker 2: It's very similar conceptually. The movie uses the idea of 366 00:17:20,480 --> 00:17:25,119 inverted entropy, which is a perfect cinematic representation of what 367 00:17:25,279 --> 00:17:27,079 CBT symmetry would feel like. 368 00:17:27,240 --> 00:17:31,319 Speaker 1: It creates this profound philosophical dread. Though. If there is 369 00:17:31,359 --> 00:17:35,400 a mirror world, are we the original or are we 370 00:17:35,440 --> 00:17:36,160 the reflections? 371 00:17:36,160 --> 00:17:38,200 Speaker 2: Who's to say our arrow of time is the correct 372 00:17:38,200 --> 00:17:38,839 one exactly? 373 00:17:38,880 --> 00:17:41,000 Speaker 1: And if time runs backward there does that mean for 374 00:17:41,039 --> 00:17:44,160 them the effect happens before the cause. It just it 375 00:17:44,279 --> 00:17:45,599 completely breaks my brain. 376 00:17:45,799 --> 00:17:49,759 Speaker 2: It challenges our most fundamental narrative of existence, cause and effect. 377 00:17:50,559 --> 00:17:52,440 But here's where we have to leave the chalkboard and 378 00:17:52,480 --> 00:17:55,359 start looking at the instruments, because the source material says 379 00:17:55,480 --> 00:17:58,440 this isn't just a wild theory anymore. The deity itself 380 00:17:58,480 --> 00:17:59,799 is starting to whisper. 381 00:17:59,599 --> 00:18:04,480 Speaker 1: Section four anomalies and the head in sector when data whispers. 382 00:18:05,200 --> 00:18:06,480 Speaker 2: I like that phrasing a lot. 383 00:18:06,599 --> 00:18:08,680 Speaker 1: We usually think of science as a yes or no, 384 00:18:09,000 --> 00:18:12,000 a discovery or a failure, but the source talks about 385 00:18:12,000 --> 00:18:15,200 the gray area between noise and discovery. 386 00:18:15,519 --> 00:18:18,359 Speaker 2: Right In high energy physics, the gold standard is a 387 00:18:18,519 --> 00:18:20,640 five sigma result Phi sigma. 388 00:18:20,799 --> 00:18:21,519 Speaker 1: What does that mean? 389 00:18:21,640 --> 00:18:24,160 Speaker 2: It means there's a one in three point five million 390 00:18:24,279 --> 00:18:26,960 chance that your result is just a random fluke. At 391 00:18:26,960 --> 00:18:29,160 that point you can pop the champagne and call it 392 00:18:29,200 --> 00:18:29,759 a discovery. 393 00:18:29,799 --> 00:18:31,480 Speaker 1: So it's about certainty, yes. 394 00:18:31,799 --> 00:18:34,400 Speaker 2: But lately we've been seeing a lot of three sigma 395 00:18:34,480 --> 00:18:37,480 or four sigma events, things that are probably real, that 396 00:18:37,519 --> 00:18:39,759 have a very low chance of being a fluke, but 397 00:18:39,799 --> 00:18:43,000 they haven't quite crossed that finish line into certainty. The 398 00:18:43,079 --> 00:18:44,759 data is whispering, not shouting. 399 00:18:44,839 --> 00:18:47,200 Speaker 1: And one of the biggest whispers was the Muon anomaly. 400 00:18:47,519 --> 00:18:49,559 This was huge news in twenty twenty one. 401 00:18:49,680 --> 00:18:52,319 Speaker 2: The Muon G two experiment at Fermilab. Yes, it was 402 00:18:52,319 --> 00:18:54,079 a massive deal in the physics community. 403 00:18:54,160 --> 00:18:55,960 Speaker 1: So first, what exactly is a muon? 404 00:18:56,319 --> 00:18:58,240 Speaker 2: You can think of a muon as a heavy electron. 405 00:18:58,319 --> 00:19:00,799 It's about two hundred times more massive than an electron, 406 00:19:00,839 --> 00:19:04,720 but otherwise very similar. It's also unstable and decays very quickly. 407 00:19:05,000 --> 00:19:08,480 Speaker 1: And the experiment found that they were wobbling exactly. 408 00:19:08,880 --> 00:19:11,359 Speaker 2: When you put a spinning particle like a muon into 409 00:19:11,359 --> 00:19:16,119 a powerful magnetic field, it processes, it wobbles, just like 410 00:19:16,119 --> 00:19:18,079 a spinning tok that's starting to slow down. 411 00:19:18,160 --> 00:19:19,319 Speaker 1: Okay, I can picture that. 412 00:19:19,920 --> 00:19:22,759 Speaker 2: Now. The standard model, our current rule book of reality, 413 00:19:23,319 --> 00:19:27,839 predicts exactly how fast that muon top should wobble, and 414 00:19:28,000 --> 00:19:30,200 it's one of the most precise calculations in all of 415 00:19:30,279 --> 00:19:34,079 human history, down to an incredible number of decimal places. 416 00:19:34,480 --> 00:19:36,640 But when they measured the muons at firm a lab 417 00:19:36,880 --> 00:19:40,319 and remeasured them, they were wobbling just a little bit 418 00:19:40,319 --> 00:19:40,799 too fast. 419 00:19:40,920 --> 00:19:41,680 Speaker 1: They were offbeat. 420 00:19:41,920 --> 00:19:46,160 Speaker 2: They were. The difference was minuscule, but it was statistically significant. 421 00:19:46,720 --> 00:19:50,119 It strongly suggests that something invisible, something not in our 422 00:19:50,200 --> 00:19:52,079 rule book, was pushing on them or pulling. 423 00:19:51,799 --> 00:19:53,720 Speaker 1: On them, tugging at them from somewhere else. 424 00:19:53,559 --> 00:19:55,920 Speaker 2: Like a magnetic ghost in the room that we can't see, 425 00:19:55,960 --> 00:19:57,319 but we can see its effect. 426 00:19:57,440 --> 00:20:01,640 Speaker 1: And the source connects us to another weird thing, neutrinos. 427 00:20:01,440 --> 00:20:05,759 Speaker 2: Another potential ghost particle. Now, neutrinos themselves are already incredibly 428 00:20:05,799 --> 00:20:09,039 hard to detect. They call them ghost particles because they 429 00:20:09,039 --> 00:20:12,079 can pass through light years of lead without hitting anything. 430 00:20:11,799 --> 00:20:14,400 Speaker 1: But we can detect them sometimes. 431 00:20:14,039 --> 00:20:16,400 Speaker 2: We can because they interact via one of the four 432 00:20:16,440 --> 00:20:21,440 fundamental forces, the weak force. But a sterile neutrino, the 433 00:20:21,440 --> 00:20:23,720 theory is that it wouldn't even feel the weak force. 434 00:20:23,759 --> 00:20:26,119 It would interact only with gravity. 435 00:20:25,839 --> 00:20:28,599 Speaker 1: So it would be totally completely invisible to all of 436 00:20:28,599 --> 00:20:29,599 our machines. 437 00:20:29,279 --> 00:20:32,720 Speaker 2: Except for its gravity its mass, which again brings us 438 00:20:32,759 --> 00:20:36,279 back to dark matter. The Source calls this whole theoretical 439 00:20:36,279 --> 00:20:38,599 realm the hidden sector. 440 00:20:38,359 --> 00:20:41,279 Speaker 1: A secret room in the house of physics. 441 00:20:40,880 --> 00:20:43,759 Speaker 2: The great analogy. We've mapped the living room, the kitchen, 442 00:20:43,839 --> 00:20:46,759 the bedroom, that's the standard model, but there's a door 443 00:20:46,799 --> 00:20:48,839 we can't seem to open, and every now and then 444 00:20:48,880 --> 00:20:50,440 we can hear movement on the other side. 445 00:20:50,480 --> 00:20:53,920 Speaker 1: And the speculation is that these anomalies the muons wobble. 446 00:20:54,000 --> 00:20:57,400 These hints of sterile neutrinos might be cosmic. 447 00:20:56,960 --> 00:21:00,599 Speaker 2: Bleed through interactions with mirror matter from that hit sector. 448 00:21:01,519 --> 00:21:05,400 The expert insight here is really fascinating. The more precise 449 00:21:05,519 --> 00:21:09,640 are measurements become, the less complete our own universe seems. 450 00:21:10,200 --> 00:21:12,759 The glitches are the fingerprints of the other side. 451 00:21:12,839 --> 00:21:15,319 Speaker 1: It's like the sharper the image gets the more you 452 00:21:15,440 --> 00:21:18,119 realize something is standing in front of the lens, or that. 453 00:21:18,079 --> 00:21:20,839 Speaker 2: The view is doubled and slightly out of focus. 454 00:21:21,440 --> 00:21:23,640 Speaker 1: Now, this is where the thread takes a turn that 455 00:21:23,680 --> 00:21:28,559 I honestly did not expect. We've been talking heavy math, muons, sigmas, 456 00:21:29,039 --> 00:21:32,319 but the source material makes a bold argument that humanity 457 00:21:32,400 --> 00:21:35,160 might have actually known about this for thousands of years. 458 00:21:35,559 --> 00:21:38,759 Speaker 2: Section five, Ancient Myths Versus Modern Physics. 459 00:21:38,799 --> 00:21:41,160 Speaker 1: I have to admit I was skeptical when I first 460 00:21:41,160 --> 00:21:42,599 read this part. I was like, Okay, here comes the 461 00:21:42,640 --> 00:21:45,559 ancient alien stuff. But the parallels are actually. 462 00:21:45,720 --> 00:21:48,240 Speaker 2: While they're spooky, they are and we should be very 463 00:21:48,240 --> 00:21:52,240 clear here we aren't saying ancient Egyptians were quantum physicists 464 00:21:52,240 --> 00:21:53,440 doing equations, right. 465 00:21:53,519 --> 00:21:57,160 Speaker 1: They didn't have a seventeen mile long collider under the pyramids. 466 00:21:57,000 --> 00:22:00,839 Speaker 2: No, but they were profound observers of the human condition 467 00:22:01,240 --> 00:22:05,359 and the natural world, and they described a dual reality 468 00:22:05,799 --> 00:22:08,440 with a striking consistency across cultures. 469 00:22:08,559 --> 00:22:11,160 Speaker 1: Let's take Egypt. They had the duant, the do it, 470 00:22:11,599 --> 00:22:12,000 and it. 471 00:22:11,960 --> 00:22:14,799 Speaker 2: Wasn't just the underworld or hell. It was a shadow 472 00:22:14,880 --> 00:22:17,720 world that existed beneath our reality. It was a mirror 473 00:22:17,799 --> 00:22:20,640 of the living world, with its own rivers and fields. 474 00:22:20,839 --> 00:22:22,920 The sun god Rah had to travel through it every 475 00:22:22,920 --> 00:22:24,720 single night to be reborn in the morning. 476 00:22:24,880 --> 00:22:28,920 Speaker 1: So it wasn't evil. It was a necessary counterpart to existence, 477 00:22:29,000 --> 00:22:29,920 a perfect mirror. 478 00:22:30,359 --> 00:22:33,519 Speaker 2: Then you have Hermetic philosophy, the famous axiom as above 479 00:22:33,720 --> 00:22:34,319 so below. 480 00:22:34,400 --> 00:22:35,519 Speaker 1: I've heard that everywhere. 481 00:22:35,640 --> 00:22:39,079 Speaker 2: It describes the entire cosmos as a system of correspondences, 482 00:22:39,559 --> 00:22:42,640 the idea that the material world the below is a 483 00:22:42,680 --> 00:22:46,480 reflection of a higher, invisible, spiritual reality the above. 484 00:22:46,640 --> 00:22:48,680 Speaker 1: It sounds a lot like the visible universe is a 485 00:22:48,680 --> 00:22:50,160 reflection of the dark sector. 486 00:22:50,240 --> 00:22:53,480 Speaker 2: The language is different, but the core concept is eerily similar. 487 00:22:53,640 --> 00:22:56,119 Then you have the Gnostics. They talked about the Pleroma, 488 00:22:56,359 --> 00:22:59,960 the divine fullness versus our material world, which they considered 489 00:23:00,359 --> 00:23:03,240 a flawed, shadow like reflection of that perfect realm. 490 00:23:03,279 --> 00:23:05,599 Speaker 1: And what about the Kabbala the cliffoth. 491 00:23:06,079 --> 00:23:09,880 Speaker 2: In Jewish mysticism, it's described as the dark inversion of 492 00:23:09,920 --> 00:23:13,400 the tree of life, the shadow side of divinity, made 493 00:23:13,400 --> 00:23:15,240 of the shells or husks of creation. 494 00:23:15,599 --> 00:23:19,160 Speaker 1: It's weird, right, The pattern is undeniable. Science talks about 495 00:23:19,279 --> 00:23:22,920 dark matter and antimatter and mirror worlds. The ancients talked 496 00:23:22,920 --> 00:23:25,000 about the duat and the shadow and the cliff ofth 497 00:23:25,279 --> 00:23:29,160 Are we just rediscovering the same fundamental idea with new tools. 498 00:23:29,359 --> 00:23:32,440 Speaker 2: It's possible that the veil between worlds wasn't just a 499 00:23:32,480 --> 00:23:36,680 metaphor maybe it was humanity's early intuitive attempt to describe 500 00:23:36,720 --> 00:23:39,839 a physical reality that they could feel but couldn't. 501 00:23:39,519 --> 00:23:43,440 Speaker 1: Measure, science rediscovering the language of its own mythology. That 502 00:23:43,559 --> 00:23:45,839 quote from the source really really stuck with me. 503 00:23:46,039 --> 00:23:49,319 Speaker 2: Concern itself seems to almost lean into this symbolism, whether 504 00:23:49,359 --> 00:23:50,119 intentionally or not. 505 00:23:50,279 --> 00:23:53,119 Speaker 1: Oh totally. We absolutely have to talk about the statue, the. 506 00:23:53,119 --> 00:23:55,319 Speaker 2: Statue of the Hindu deity Shiva that stands at the 507 00:23:55,440 --> 00:23:56,119 entrance of cern. 508 00:23:56,319 --> 00:23:59,759 Speaker 1: Shiva the god of destruction, which on its face seems 509 00:23:59,799 --> 00:24:02,680 like a terrible pr move for a place smashing atoms. 510 00:24:02,920 --> 00:24:06,359 Speaker 2: But Shiva is the god of destruction and creation. He's 511 00:24:06,400 --> 00:24:09,880 the Nataraja, the lord of the dance. He performs the 512 00:24:09,920 --> 00:24:13,160 cosmic dance that destroys a weary universe so that it 513 00:24:13,160 --> 00:24:14,079 can be recreated. 514 00:24:14,160 --> 00:24:15,960 Speaker 1: That is literally what they do in the collider. They 515 00:24:16,000 --> 00:24:18,279 destroy particles to see the new ones that are created 516 00:24:18,319 --> 00:24:18,960 in the debris. 517 00:24:19,039 --> 00:24:21,839 Speaker 2: It is the perfect metaphor for their work, and the 518 00:24:21,880 --> 00:24:24,839 shape of the collider itself, that giant ring ay circle. 519 00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:27,960 It's the erboros, the ancient symbol of the snake eating 520 00:24:27,960 --> 00:24:31,000 its own tail. It represents the cyclical nature of the universe, 521 00:24:31,039 --> 00:24:33,480 the unity of beginning an and the creation and destruction. 522 00:24:33,720 --> 00:24:36,039 Speaker 1: In alchemy, the source springs up alchemy. I thought that 523 00:24:36,119 --> 00:24:37,880 was just about turning lead into gold. 524 00:24:38,000 --> 00:24:41,359 Speaker 2: That was the exoteric goal. But the esoteric goal, the 525 00:24:41,440 --> 00:24:45,400 true search, was for the prima materia, the first matter. 526 00:24:45,720 --> 00:24:49,400 Alchemists spent centuries trying to break down substances to find 527 00:24:49,440 --> 00:24:52,680 the single base essence from which all the matter is made. 528 00:24:52,720 --> 00:24:55,079 Speaker 1: And that's exactly what particle physicists they're doing. 529 00:24:55,200 --> 00:24:58,599 Speaker 2: They are smashing atoms apart to find quarks and gluons 530 00:24:58,640 --> 00:25:03,480 and the Higgs boson. They're hunting for the prima materia. 531 00:25:03,559 --> 00:25:06,839 Speaker 1: We just changed the costumes. We just swapped the pointy 532 00:25:06,880 --> 00:25:09,119 wizard robes for white lab coats, and. 533 00:25:09,039 --> 00:25:13,319 Speaker 2: The bubbling cauldrons for seventeen mile long superconducting magnets. The 534 00:25:13,440 --> 00:25:14,319 quest is the same. 535 00:25:14,759 --> 00:25:18,160 Speaker 1: Speaking of things hidden inside, let's talk about the curtain 536 00:25:18,240 --> 00:25:21,440 inside our own heads. Because the source material takes a 537 00:25:21,440 --> 00:25:24,880 hard left. Turn here right into psychology section six. 538 00:25:25,359 --> 00:25:28,640 Speaker 2: The inner mirror, consciousness and psychology. 539 00:25:28,799 --> 00:25:31,240 Speaker 1: You've spent all this time talking about the universe's shadow, 540 00:25:31,359 --> 00:25:32,680 but what about our own? 541 00:25:32,920 --> 00:25:35,440 Speaker 2: Carl Jung is the key figure here, of course. He 542 00:25:35,519 --> 00:25:37,960 proposed the concept of the shadow self. 543 00:25:37,680 --> 00:25:39,039 Speaker 1: The part of us we don't want to look. 544 00:25:38,880 --> 00:25:42,519 Speaker 2: At, the unseen mirror of our own consciousness. It holds 545 00:25:42,599 --> 00:25:46,839 everything we suppress, our fears, our desires, our traumas, our 546 00:25:46,920 --> 00:25:50,440 dark Twin and Young argue that you cannot become a 547 00:25:50,480 --> 00:25:53,559 whole person until you confront and integrate your shadow, and the. 548 00:25:53,519 --> 00:25:56,960 Speaker 1: Source draws a direct parallel from that to modern neuroscience. 549 00:25:57,039 --> 00:26:00,319 Speaker 2: Right. Yes, we have this illusion of control. We like 550 00:26:00,359 --> 00:26:02,519 to think we are the rational captains of our own ship, 551 00:26:02,759 --> 00:26:05,839 but neuroscience shows that the vast majority of our brain activity, 552 00:26:05,880 --> 00:26:09,200 our decisions, our emotional reactions are patterns. It all happens 553 00:26:09,240 --> 00:26:11,480 below the level of conscious awareness. 554 00:26:11,119 --> 00:26:12,680 Speaker 1: In the dark matter of the brain. 555 00:26:12,920 --> 00:26:16,240 Speaker 2: Exactly, we are driven by forces we cannot see within 556 00:26:16,319 --> 00:26:18,039 our own minds, in the sib. 557 00:26:17,880 --> 00:26:20,240 Speaker 1: Conscious as within so without. 558 00:26:20,319 --> 00:26:23,160 Speaker 2: It's a striking symmetry, isn't it. If the universe has 559 00:26:23,200 --> 00:26:26,960 a huge invisible component called dark matter, that dictates its 560 00:26:26,960 --> 00:26:30,200 structure and form, and the human mind has a huge 561 00:26:30,279 --> 00:26:34,599 invisible component called the unconscious that dictates its behavior and choices. 562 00:26:35,279 --> 00:26:38,079 Is that just a coincidence or is it a structural 563 00:26:38,079 --> 00:26:40,279 symmetry of reality at all scales? 564 00:26:40,640 --> 00:26:43,480 Speaker 1: That leads to a pretty trippy question. Is CERN's entire 565 00:26:43,640 --> 00:26:47,079 multi billion dollar search for a hidden matter just a 566 00:26:47,119 --> 00:26:50,960 grand projection of humanity's search for its own subconscious It's. 567 00:26:50,880 --> 00:26:54,559 Speaker 2: A valid philosophical inquiry. Are we building these massive, complex 568 00:26:54,640 --> 00:26:58,720 machines to understand the universe or are we externalizing our 569 00:26:58,720 --> 00:27:01,880 own internal struggle? Are we trying to find the shadow 570 00:27:01,920 --> 00:27:03,799 out there because we're too afraid to look at the 571 00:27:03,799 --> 00:27:04,559 shadow in here? 572 00:27:04,640 --> 00:27:06,960 Speaker 1: The expert taking the source is so poetic, it just 573 00:27:07,000 --> 00:27:08,519 says reality dreams too. 574 00:27:08,880 --> 00:27:12,519 Speaker 2: If consciousness is a fundamental aspect of the universe, which 575 00:27:12,599 --> 00:27:16,119 is a theory called panpsychism, then maybe the mirror world 576 00:27:16,160 --> 00:27:19,799 isn't just dead antimatter. Maybe it's the universe is subconscious. 577 00:27:20,079 --> 00:27:23,240 Speaker 1: Okay, now we are absolutely getting into the Watcher territory. 578 00:27:23,559 --> 00:27:25,839 For me, this is the climax of the whole episode. 579 00:27:25,880 --> 00:27:28,960 Section seven Quantum Portals and the Watcher. 580 00:27:29,240 --> 00:27:30,279 Speaker 2: The physics of the Veil. 581 00:27:30,519 --> 00:27:33,359 Speaker 1: We talked about the veil as a myth, but modern 582 00:27:33,359 --> 00:27:37,640 physics has actual, testable mechanisms that sound a lot like 583 00:27:37,680 --> 00:27:38,759 a veil being lifted. 584 00:27:39,039 --> 00:27:41,480 Speaker 2: Entanglement is the classic example. It's the one that even 585 00:27:41,519 --> 00:27:45,079 freaked Einstein out. He called it spooky action at a distance. 586 00:27:45,200 --> 00:27:46,920 Speaker 1: Okay, explain that simply for me again. 587 00:27:47,000 --> 00:27:49,799 Speaker 2: You can have two particles that become entangled. They share 588 00:27:49,839 --> 00:27:52,640 a single quantum state. If you measure one particle and 589 00:27:52,680 --> 00:27:56,079 find its spin is up, instantly that the other one's 590 00:27:56,079 --> 00:27:57,160 spin is down. 591 00:27:57,160 --> 00:27:59,480 Speaker 1: Even if they're on opposite sides of the universe. 592 00:27:59,200 --> 00:28:02,559 Speaker 2: Instantly faster than the speed of light. It seems to 593 00:28:02,599 --> 00:28:06,079 defy our common sense of space and distance. It suggests 594 00:28:06,079 --> 00:28:09,119 that at some fundamental level, everything is connected. 595 00:28:09,640 --> 00:28:12,640 Speaker 1: And string theory takes us even further with the idea of. 596 00:28:12,599 --> 00:28:17,559 Speaker 2: Brains br inees. It's short form membranes. 597 00:28:17,119 --> 00:28:18,319 Speaker 1: Not brains like zombies. 598 00:28:18,319 --> 00:28:22,319 Speaker 2: E got it, chuckles? No, I imagine our entire three 599 00:28:22,359 --> 00:28:25,359 dimensional universe is just a sheet of paper a brain. 600 00:28:26,319 --> 00:28:29,519 String theory suggests there could be other sheets. Other universe 601 00:28:29,559 --> 00:28:32,519 is stacked right next to ours, parallel to it in 602 00:28:32,559 --> 00:28:36,160 a higher dimension, like pages in a book exactly, or 603 00:28:36,319 --> 00:28:37,400 sheets on a clothesline. 604 00:28:37,559 --> 00:28:40,480 Speaker 1: So the mirror world isn't a billion light years away. 605 00:28:40,599 --> 00:28:44,039 It could be a millimeter away from me right now, 606 00:28:44,400 --> 00:28:44,720 in a. 607 00:28:44,720 --> 00:28:48,640 Speaker 2: Fourth or fifth spatial dimension that we simply cannot perceive. Yes, 608 00:28:48,680 --> 00:28:49,039 and if. 609 00:28:48,920 --> 00:28:51,440 Speaker 1: They're that close, can we touch them? Can we open 610 00:28:51,440 --> 00:28:51,839 a door? 611 00:28:52,079 --> 00:28:54,000 Speaker 2: This is where the idea of resonance comes in. The 612 00:28:54,039 --> 00:28:57,000 source doesn't talk about a physical doorway. It talks about 613 00:28:57,039 --> 00:28:57,839 tuning the dial. 614 00:28:58,119 --> 00:29:02,160 Speaker 1: The LHC creates these in saying energy densities and the collisions. 615 00:29:02,200 --> 00:29:04,279 Speaker 2: The idea is that we're not creating a portal you 616 00:29:04,279 --> 00:29:06,839 can walk through. It's not stargate, but we might be 617 00:29:06,880 --> 00:29:10,359 creating a breefrequency overlap, a resonance, like. 618 00:29:10,279 --> 00:29:12,720 Speaker 1: When you're tuning an old analog radio and for a 619 00:29:12,759 --> 00:29:15,359 second you can hear two stations at once bleeding into 620 00:29:15,400 --> 00:29:15,799 each other. 621 00:29:16,119 --> 00:29:19,319 Speaker 2: That is the perfect analogy. If CERN hits just the 622 00:29:19,400 --> 00:29:23,079 right energy level, the right frequency, we might tune the 623 00:29:23,160 --> 00:29:26,079 dial to the neighboring universe for a split second. 624 00:29:26,200 --> 00:29:28,640 Speaker 1: And that's where all these glitches in reality come in. 625 00:29:28,920 --> 00:29:32,559 Speaker 2: We see things our instruments can't explain. Cosmic reobservatories detecting 626 00:29:32,599 --> 00:29:37,119 particles with impossibly high energy they shouldn't exist new Trina 627 00:29:37,200 --> 00:29:41,119 detectors catching phantom bursts that have no identifiable source. 628 00:29:41,359 --> 00:29:44,200 Speaker 1: And the source even brings up the Mandela effect it. 629 00:29:44,119 --> 00:29:48,359 Speaker 2: Does, which is that strange collective false memory phenomenon, the 630 00:29:48,400 --> 00:29:50,519 feeling that the world is out of sync or that 631 00:29:50,720 --> 00:29:51,640 history has changed. 632 00:29:51,680 --> 00:29:54,519 Speaker 1: I usually write that off as just you know, bad memory, 633 00:29:54,880 --> 00:29:57,599 but the source speculates, It speculates. 634 00:29:57,039 --> 00:30:00,759 Speaker 2: That these could be physiological echoes of those cous collisions. 635 00:30:01,000 --> 00:30:04,359 If our consciousness is fundamentally quantum in nature, which is 636 00:30:04,400 --> 00:30:07,279 a serious theory proposed by people like Sir Roger Penrose, 637 00:30:07,799 --> 00:30:11,599 then maybe we feel the resonance before our machines can 638 00:30:11,680 --> 00:30:14,240 definitively detect it, like a tremmor in the force, a 639 00:30:14,240 --> 00:30:15,000 tremor in the brain. 640 00:30:15,119 --> 00:30:17,440 Speaker 1: But the most provocative, the most chilling thought in all 641 00:30:17,480 --> 00:30:19,519 of this is the idea of the universe. 642 00:30:19,119 --> 00:30:20,920 Speaker 2: Staring back, tapping the glass. 643 00:30:21,079 --> 00:30:24,559 Speaker 1: That's the phrase they used. Cern isn't breaking reality, it's 644 00:30:24,680 --> 00:30:26,440 tapping the glass of the fish bowl. 645 00:30:26,559 --> 00:30:29,799 Speaker 2: And the ultimate concern is what happens if the other 646 00:30:29,880 --> 00:30:30,799 side taps back. 647 00:30:31,119 --> 00:30:34,160 Speaker 1: It implies a conscious universe. It implies that the darkness 648 00:30:34,160 --> 00:30:36,599 the ninety five percent might not be empty, It might 649 00:30:36,640 --> 00:30:41,039 be alive. Aware, moving in counterpoint to us. 650 00:30:41,400 --> 00:30:45,240 Speaker 2: It completely reframes the entire experiment, doesn't it. We think 651 00:30:45,240 --> 00:30:48,240 we are explorers charting an empty land. But what if 652 00:30:48,279 --> 00:30:51,200 we're actually just uninvited visitors knocking on a stranger's door 653 00:30:51,200 --> 00:30:52,039 in the middle of the night. 654 00:30:52,359 --> 00:30:54,279 Speaker 1: It's like we're the fish in the tank, and for 655 00:30:54,319 --> 00:30:56,599 the first time, we've built a little submarine to swim 656 00:30:56,640 --> 00:30:58,880 up to the glass, and I realize there's a face 657 00:30:58,920 --> 00:30:59,680 on the other side. 658 00:31:00,119 --> 00:31:03,680 Speaker 2: That face looks suspiciously like our own, just inverted. 659 00:31:04,440 --> 00:31:06,839 Speaker 1: So what does this all mean? We've gone from a 660 00:31:06,880 --> 00:31:11,200 seventeen mile machine all the way to antimatter twins, backward 661 00:31:11,200 --> 00:31:15,400 flowing time, ancient alchemy, and the human shadow self. 662 00:31:15,640 --> 00:31:17,759 Speaker 2: I think it means that the story of reality, the 663 00:31:17,759 --> 00:31:20,960 story we tell ourselves about what's real, is far from over. 664 00:31:21,279 --> 00:31:23,000 We are likely only in the first chapter. 665 00:31:23,400 --> 00:31:27,000 Speaker 1: And maybe the dark side isn't something to fear. The 666 00:31:27,039 --> 00:31:30,119 source ends with this sentiment, and I really liked it. 667 00:31:30,400 --> 00:31:32,799 Maybe it's just the rest of the story finally showing. 668 00:31:32,519 --> 00:31:36,680 Speaker 2: Its face precisely, which leads to the final haunting question. 669 00:31:37,799 --> 00:31:40,559 If the mere universe exists, and if it runs in 670 00:31:40,640 --> 00:31:43,960 reverse or in parallel to ours, are we the ones 671 00:31:44,039 --> 00:31:47,400 making the decisions, or are we just the reflection perfectly 672 00:31:47,480 --> 00:31:50,240 mimicking the real actors on the other side. 673 00:31:50,319 --> 00:31:51,920 Speaker 1: That is the thought I want to leave all of 674 00:31:51,960 --> 00:31:54,640 you with tonight. It is a really haunting one. 675 00:31:54,400 --> 00:31:56,960 Speaker 2: It is. It challenges the very idea of free will. 676 00:31:57,119 --> 00:31:59,680 Speaker 1: So I have a direct question for you, the listener. 677 00:32:00,759 --> 00:32:03,960 If you could look into that mirror universe, if you 678 00:32:03,960 --> 00:32:06,799 could stand before that glass and see your other, your 679 00:32:06,799 --> 00:32:09,839 shadow self, living your life, maybe backwards, maybe just slightly differently, 680 00:32:10,480 --> 00:32:11,240 would you want to know? 681 00:32:11,720 --> 00:32:14,720 Speaker 2: Or are some doors some reflections better left unseen, some 682 00:32:14,799 --> 00:32:16,000 doors better left locked? 683 00:32:16,359 --> 00:32:19,680 Speaker 1: Would you look or would you turn and run? I 684 00:32:19,720 --> 00:32:21,519 think I think I'd have to look, But I have 685 00:32:21,599 --> 00:32:23,279 a feeling I might regret it for the rest. 686 00:32:23,039 --> 00:32:25,279 Speaker 2: Of my life. I'm not so sure. I think I 687 00:32:25,359 --> 00:32:28,599 might leave that door closed. Some knowledge might be too 688 00:32:28,599 --> 00:32:29,319 heavy to carry. 689 00:32:29,680 --> 00:32:32,400 Speaker 1: Let us know your stance. Are you the type to 690 00:32:32,440 --> 00:32:35,279 tap on the glass or are you backing away? Slowly? 691 00:32:35,839 --> 00:32:37,720 Leave a comment and let's discuss it. 692 00:32:37,880 --> 00:32:40,079 Speaker 2: We are genuinely eager to hear your theories on this. 693 00:32:40,319 --> 00:32:43,480 Speaker 1: Until next time, keep pulling at the threads. You never 694 00:32:43,519 --> 00:32:46,599 know what might unravel. Thanks for listening to thrilling threads. 695 00:32:46,720 --> 00:32:47,920 Thank you, see you next time.