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<v Speaker 1>Welcome to Spotlight Advanced. I'm Bruce Gulland.

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<v Speaker 2>And I'm Megan Nolette. Spotlight uses a special English method

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<v Speaker 2>of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand no

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<v Speaker 2>matter where in the world they live.

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<v Speaker 1>Milka Onyango is a single mother of six. She lives

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<v Speaker 1>near Lake Victoria in Kenya. It is one of the

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<v Speaker 1>largest lakes in the world. Like many other women in

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<v Speaker 1>the area, Onyango sells fish to survive. To get these fish,

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<v Speaker 1>she must buy them from local fishermen, but often these

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<v Speaker 1>fishermen want more than just her money. To get the

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<v Speaker 1>best fish, she must have sex with the fishermen. This

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<v Speaker 1>dangerous system is called boya or sex for fish. Every

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<v Speaker 1>time on Yango agrees to jiboya, she risks getting diseases

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<v Speaker 1>like HIV, but she feels like she has no other choice.

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<v Speaker 1>She has no other way to support a family.

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<v Speaker 2>Jaboya is very common in towns around Lake Victoria. Women

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<v Speaker 2>trapped in poverty feel forced to have sex with men

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<v Speaker 2>to survive. Because of jaboya. The rate of HIV infection

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<v Speaker 2>is very high in these areas. Thirty to forty percent

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<v Speaker 2>of people in these fishing villages have this deadly disease.

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<v Speaker 1>This is a very bad situation, but it is not hopeless.

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<v Speaker 1>One small organization is trying to change things for good.

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<v Speaker 1>It is called no Sex for Fish. Today's spotlight is

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<v Speaker 1>on no sex for Fish.

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<v Speaker 2>Fishing is the way many people make money in towns

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<v Speaker 2>around Lake Victoria, but the fishing business is divided between

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<v Speaker 2>men and women. Men own boats and fish. Women buy

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<v Speaker 2>the fish and bring them to the market. Their culture

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<v Speaker 2>does not permit women to own boats. Most women will

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<v Speaker 2>never even sail in one.

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<v Speaker 1>The fishing business has been this way for generations, but

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<v Speaker 1>jaboya is new. For many years, there was enough fish

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<v Speaker 1>for everyone. But in the nineteen seventies things began to change.

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<v Speaker 1>Pollution caused many fish to die off, and people began

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<v Speaker 1>catching too many fish. Soon fishermen could not provide enough

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<v Speaker 1>good fish. They began asking for sex as well as money.

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<v Speaker 1>Women who would give them sex would go get the

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<v Speaker 1>best fish. Those who did not agree to djiboya might

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<v Speaker 1>not have fish to sell at all.

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<v Speaker 2>Not every fisherman required jiboya, but most women in the

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<v Speaker 2>fishing trade accepted it. They had no other way to

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<v Speaker 2>get fish, so they felt that they had no other choice.

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<v Speaker 2>Ajiing is a woman who lives in Kenya by Lake Victoria.

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<v Speaker 2>She works in the fishing trade. She spoke to the

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<v Speaker 2>New Humanitarian about Jaboya.

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<v Speaker 3>When you are a woman and you want to get

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<v Speaker 3>into the business of selling fish, you must be ready

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<v Speaker 3>to lose your pride. You must use your body to

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<v Speaker 3>get what you need, being ready to give sex as

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<v Speaker 3>and when it is demanded by the fisherman. It means

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<v Speaker 3>that you'll survive here. You know you can get HIV.

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<v Speaker 3>But then you remember you have a family that needs

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<v Speaker 3>to be provided for. You say, let me die providing

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<v Speaker 3>for them.

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<v Speaker 1>This situation remained the same for many years. Women in

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<v Speaker 1>poverty did not have the power to change anything, so

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<v Speaker 1>they sacrificed their health for their children.

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<v Speaker 2>The men who asked for Jaboya also suffered. Fishing on

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<v Speaker 2>Lake Victoria is a very hard job. The fishermen row

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<v Speaker 2>around the lake. They must pull up large catches of

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<v Speaker 2>fish by hand, and there are dangerous animals in the water.

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<v Speaker 2>One of these animals is the hippopotamus. A hippopotamus is

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<v Speaker 2>one of the largest animals in the world. It does

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<v Speaker 2>not hunt humans, but it often destroys boats, and if

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<v Speaker 2>it feels afraid, it will kill a person. This, along

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<v Speaker 2>with HIV means fishermen do not live long. Many die

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<v Speaker 2>before they are fifty years old.

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<v Speaker 1>In twenty ten, things began to change. Justina Bura is

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<v Speaker 1>a woman who lives in a village on Lake Victoria.

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<v Speaker 1>One day, she and several other women in her village

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<v Speaker 1>came up with an idea to get rid of jaboya,

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<v Speaker 1>women would have to do things differently. What if instead

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<v Speaker 1>of buying fish, the women caught their own fish, Or

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<v Speaker 1>what if they owned the boats and they paid the

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<v Speaker 1>men to fish for them. That way, they would be

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<v Speaker 1>in charge of the fish, they would not have to

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<v Speaker 1>have sex to get it, and they would help lower

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<v Speaker 1>HIV rates in the area for both men and women.

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<v Speaker 2>One day, Obura talked to the Victoria Institute for Research

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<v Speaker 2>on Environment and Development or FIRED. The group helped her

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<v Speaker 2>raise money for boats, and together with other women, she

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<v Speaker 2>formed an organization called No Sex for Fish. No Sex

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<v Speaker 2>for Fish would provide women with the means to catch

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<v Speaker 2>their own fish. After several years, women in the area

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<v Speaker 2>owned over sixty boats.

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<v Speaker 1>Women who received these boats gained a new kind of freedom.

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<v Speaker 1>Many were able to pay for their children schooling. Women

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<v Speaker 1>owning boats helps other people avoid jaboya as well. Instead

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<v Speaker 1>of buying their fish from men, they can buy it

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<v Speaker 1>from other women. Most still live in poverty, but they

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<v Speaker 1>no longer have to have dangerous sex to provide for

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<v Speaker 1>their children. Agnes is a woman who now owns and

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<v Speaker 1>No Sex for Fish boat. She spoke to take Part

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<v Speaker 1>Live about how her life has changed.

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<v Speaker 4>Life was bad. My husband died when I was very young.

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<v Speaker 4>One of my children died of hunger. I did take

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<v Speaker 4>part in Jeboya before to help us survive. I did

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<v Speaker 4>it even before my husband died because he made so

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<v Speaker 4>little money. Before we got boats, we had sex with men.

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<v Speaker 4>But now that has ended.

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<v Speaker 2>No Sex for Fish has helped fight Jaboya and it

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<v Speaker 2>has helped show what it is like for women in

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<v Speaker 2>Kenya who live in poverty. But the program has had

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<v Speaker 2>its problems. Sometimes storms destroy the boats or flooding makes

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<v Speaker 2>it difficult to fish. Even without these problems, it is

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<v Speaker 2>a difficult life.

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<v Speaker 1>But the women of Lake Victoria would not give up.

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<v Speaker 1>They would not go back to the way things were before.

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<v Speaker 1>Patrick Higden works for the charity World Connect. It is

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<v Speaker 1>an organization that helped build new boats. He spoke to

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<v Speaker 1>NPR about their support for No Sex for Fish.

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<v Speaker 5>No matter what happens. We believe in these women. We

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<v Speaker 5>believe in the work they are doing to help control

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<v Speaker 5>HIV and they are helping women fish sellers be financially independent.

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<v Speaker 5>They have an amazing need to solve this difficult problem.

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<v Speaker 5>It is an uphill climb and that encourages me that

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<v Speaker 5>they feel brave enough to take that on.

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<v Speaker 2>No sex for fish will not change jaboya on their own.

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<v Speaker 2>To end jiboya, men need to be involved. They need

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<v Speaker 2>to understand the dangers of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. Together,

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<v Speaker 2>they will need to make fishing safer and they must

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<v Speaker 2>learn that sex for phish is not a fair exchange.

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<v Speaker 2>But no sex for fish does give hope. It shows

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<v Speaker 2>how life can be different for future generations.

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<v Speaker 1>What are some of the other problems of living in poverty?

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<v Speaker 1>Are there ways that you know to help? What are they?

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<v Speaker 1>You can leave a comment on our website or email

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<v Speaker 1>us at Radio at Radio English dot net. You can

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<v Speaker 1>also comment on Facebook at Facebook dot com, slash Spotlight Radio.

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<v Speaker 2>The writer and producer of this program was Dan Chrisman.

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<v Speaker 2>The voices you heard were from the United Kingdom and

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<v Speaker 2>the United States. All quotes were adapted for this program

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<v Speaker 2>and voiced by Spotlight. You can listen to this program

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<v Speaker 2>again and read it on the internet at ww dot

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<v Speaker 2>Radio English dot net. This program is called No Sex

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<v Speaker 2>for Fish.

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<v Speaker 1>You can also get our programs delivered directly to your

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<v Speaker 1>Android or Apple device through our free official Spotlight English app.

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<v Speaker 1>We hope you can join us again for the next

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<v Speaker 1>Spotlight program. Goodbye,