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And I'm not sure. 12 00:00:35.840 --> 00:00:39.200 Did the dogs in other countries speak different languages? 13 00:00:39.399 --> 00:00:39.719 Yeah? 14 00:00:39.960 --> 00:00:40.479 I think so. 15 00:00:40.840 --> 00:00:42.880 When when we get there, well, we've got to fix 16 00:00:42.920 --> 00:00:45.159 the car first, but there's someone coming to help us. 17 00:00:45.359 --> 00:00:47.159 Is it the man from Geneva? 18 00:00:47.200 --> 00:00:51.159 Not Geneva, he's from a Viva. Oh there's a van now. 19 00:00:51.479 --> 00:00:54.479 For car insurance with breakdown rescue, it takes a Viva 20 00:00:54.759 --> 00:00:55.359 visit Aviva. 21 00:00:55.399 --> 00:00:56.200 Do I eat to say? 22 00:00:56.240 --> 00:00:59.960 Fifteen percent acceptance criteria terms and conditions apply. Minimum premium 23 00:01:00.079 --> 00:01:02.039 of three hundred and ten year old. Fifteen percent discant 24 00:01:02.039 --> 00:01:04.519 applies to new policies bought online. See a Viva dotta 25 00:01:04.519 --> 00:01:07.319 e for details. Car insurance is underwritten by Aviva Insurance 26 00:01:07.359 --> 00:01:10.040 Arland doc Aviva Direct Arlund Limited is regulated by the 27 00:01:10.079 --> 00:01:11.319 Central Bank of Ireland. 28 00:01:11.439 --> 00:01:13.920 Oh hey, it's that lady who's both a stranger and 29 00:01:13.959 --> 00:01:17.159 also your Internet dad. Ali Ward back with a light 30 00:01:17.640 --> 00:01:21.799 and a fluffy episode of Ologies. Ooh, things are getting 31 00:01:22.000 --> 00:01:25.760 dark and stormy, or maybe puffy and beautiful and shaped 32 00:01:25.760 --> 00:01:29.400 like a dinosaur. Because it's Clouds and this is smologies 33 00:01:29.719 --> 00:01:33.280 and smologies are versions of our classic episodes that we've 34 00:01:33.519 --> 00:01:36.439 edited down to be shorter, and we've also taken out 35 00:01:36.480 --> 00:01:39.640 any language that might be objectionable, so it's safe for 36 00:01:39.760 --> 00:01:42.200 kids and it's safe for all ages. If you are 37 00:01:42.239 --> 00:01:44.400 looking for the full version of Clouds and you've got 38 00:01:44.439 --> 00:01:47.760 some more time and you're not around Smologites, then the 39 00:01:47.799 --> 00:01:49.599 full length version is linked in the show notes. But 40 00:01:49.640 --> 00:01:53.879 if you're here for the smaller, shorter episodes that are grated, enjoy. Okay, 41 00:01:53.920 --> 00:01:57.599 this is a big one. It has been looming overhead 42 00:01:57.799 --> 00:02:00.280 since the first time I encountered a. 43 00:02:00.239 --> 00:02:02.079 List of possible ologies. 44 00:02:02.200 --> 00:02:04.319 This is over a decade ago, and I remember seeing 45 00:02:04.359 --> 00:02:06.079 nephology and thinking immediately like. 46 00:02:06.439 --> 00:02:09.439 Who does that? Who is one? 47 00:02:09.759 --> 00:02:12.639 And it was on my mind like a puffy thought 48 00:02:12.680 --> 00:02:15.039 bubble over my head so much that if you listen 49 00:02:15.120 --> 00:02:21.639 to the ending theme music, you will hear meteorology nephology. 50 00:02:22.240 --> 00:02:24.560 So of course you know, I'm bumped to get my 51 00:02:24.599 --> 00:02:26.560 head into the clouds for this. 52 00:02:26.759 --> 00:02:27.080 Okay. 53 00:02:27.199 --> 00:02:30.520 Nephology is the study of clouds. Okay, this is very 54 00:02:30.639 --> 00:02:33.599 much a real word. It can mean a scientist of 55 00:02:33.639 --> 00:02:37.120 clouds or just someone who likes to gaze up and 56 00:02:37.159 --> 00:02:39.319 look at the clouds and would hug a cloud if 57 00:02:39.360 --> 00:02:41.680 they could, and is like clouds are tight. 58 00:02:42.039 --> 00:02:42.280 Now. 59 00:02:42.680 --> 00:02:45.800 Nef comes from the Greek for cloud straight up. But 60 00:02:45.879 --> 00:02:49.199 it is not to be confused with the objects of nephrology, 61 00:02:49.319 --> 00:02:52.080 which has an R in it that means the kidneys, 62 00:02:52.360 --> 00:02:55.639 your p organs, which we will explore another time. 63 00:02:55.560 --> 00:02:56.639 I promise. Okay. 64 00:02:56.639 --> 00:03:00.560 So this ologist, this nephologist, I happened upon on Twitter 65 00:03:00.599 --> 00:03:02.800 and she was like, hey, me up for that cloud chat. 66 00:03:02.840 --> 00:03:06.520 Anytime I was thrilled, I was nervous. She came over 67 00:03:06.520 --> 00:03:08.360 to my house. We sat on my couch with my 68 00:03:08.560 --> 00:03:12.039 sleeping indoor raccoon Grammy just inches away, and we looked 69 00:03:12.080 --> 00:03:15.400 out of the atmosphere while we discussed what is a cloud? 70 00:03:15.520 --> 00:03:16.439 What are they called? 71 00:03:16.520 --> 00:03:17.000 And why? 72 00:03:17.400 --> 00:03:21.039 What ancient weather adages can we actually rely on diamond 73 00:03:21.199 --> 00:03:24.879 rain and clouds shaped like everything under the sun with 74 00:03:25.199 --> 00:03:30.719 atmospheric scientist professional cloud looker at her and nephologist doctor 75 00:03:30.840 --> 00:03:32.280 Rachel Storer. 76 00:03:32.159 --> 00:03:49.439 Knowlogious alogy minology knowlogist. 77 00:03:49.520 --> 00:03:52.919 Do you know that you are a nephologist? 78 00:03:53.319 --> 00:03:55.080 I didn't until you said that word. 79 00:03:58.000 --> 00:03:59.400 I was going to ask if people call you a 80 00:03:59.479 --> 00:04:01.919 nephrologis a lot but they don't even call you an apologist. 81 00:04:01.960 --> 00:04:03.000 Oh, nobody calls me that. 82 00:04:03.120 --> 00:04:05.319 No, some of my friends call me a cloud doctor, 83 00:04:05.680 --> 00:04:07.639 which I use that one for some of my like 84 00:04:07.680 --> 00:04:08.719 social media and stuff. 85 00:04:08.800 --> 00:04:11.680 I just think that sounds neat a doctor cloud. 86 00:04:12.479 --> 00:04:14.039 Let's get to the nitty gritty. 87 00:04:14.080 --> 00:04:15.159 What is a cloud? 88 00:04:15.520 --> 00:04:16.160 What is it? 89 00:04:16.160 --> 00:04:19.680 It's water in the air. It is it is a 90 00:04:19.759 --> 00:04:21.759 lot of water in the air. Okay, so if you 91 00:04:21.920 --> 00:04:24.399 like look at just a regular cloud. 92 00:04:24.560 --> 00:04:26.879 I think I'm going to probably get the numbers wrong, 93 00:04:26.920 --> 00:04:28.920 but it's literally can be like a ton. 94 00:04:28.800 --> 00:04:32.199 Of water in a cloud, but the droplets are just so. 95 00:04:32.000 --> 00:04:35.560 So small, and you know, they just can like hang 96 00:04:35.560 --> 00:04:38.360 out there in the air and the light. 97 00:04:38.240 --> 00:04:40.519 Reflects off of them, and there's enough of them that 98 00:04:40.560 --> 00:04:42.560 we see it as white or gray or whatever. 99 00:04:42.720 --> 00:04:44.360 So you are looking at a cloud and you're like, 100 00:04:44.360 --> 00:04:46.959 it's puffy, it's light, it's in the air, and it's 101 00:04:47.680 --> 00:04:51.639 just an absolute ton of water above your head. And 102 00:04:51.720 --> 00:04:54.759 the reason it's a cloud and not a puddle is 103 00:04:56.040 --> 00:04:56.680 I don't know. 104 00:04:57.279 --> 00:04:59.439 Well, so all the droplets are really small, I mean 105 00:04:59.519 --> 00:05:04.040 literally like tens of microns across it is a cloud droplet, 106 00:05:04.120 --> 00:05:06.879 and so it's just so light, it has so little 107 00:05:06.920 --> 00:05:09.120 mass that just like the little bits of air moving 108 00:05:09.160 --> 00:05:10.920 up and around are enough to sort of keep it 109 00:05:10.959 --> 00:05:14.000 in place, and so it's you know, it's not until 110 00:05:14.040 --> 00:05:16.120 the drop gets big enough, until it forms like a 111 00:05:16.199 --> 00:05:18.839 rain droplet, that it's sort of heavy enough to fall 112 00:05:18.839 --> 00:05:19.360 on its own. 113 00:05:20.000 --> 00:05:23.720 So there is a tipping point obviously in clouds where 114 00:05:23.720 --> 00:05:28.000 there's enough water vapor that condenses, where the droplets can't 115 00:05:28.000 --> 00:05:29.879 be buoyed by the air underneath it. 116 00:05:30.879 --> 00:05:34.480 Yeah, sort of like eventually there's just enough water, and 117 00:05:34.759 --> 00:05:36.360 you know, the more water you have in a cloud, 118 00:05:36.360 --> 00:05:38.519 the more the water is gonna bump against other water 119 00:05:38.600 --> 00:05:41.759 droplets and they start to stick together, and you know, 120 00:05:41.800 --> 00:05:44.800 water vaple condense directly onto water droplets, and they'll grow 121 00:05:44.839 --> 00:05:48.160 as long as it's moist enough and then yeah, eventually 122 00:05:48.160 --> 00:05:50.160 the drops will get big enough that they'll fall. 123 00:05:50.600 --> 00:05:54.439 Oh okay, so let's talk about shapes of clouds. 124 00:05:54.480 --> 00:05:56.800 Okay, The sort of two main type set are stratus 125 00:05:56.839 --> 00:05:59.560 and cumulus. And so the sort of difference there is 126 00:05:59.600 --> 00:06:04.240 that as clouds are convective, which means that they form 127 00:06:04.319 --> 00:06:07.839 because there's air that's sort of warmer than its surroundings 128 00:06:07.920 --> 00:06:10.720 and it bubbles up like like you would have bubbles 129 00:06:10.720 --> 00:06:11.839 and boiling. 130 00:06:11.439 --> 00:06:14.439 Water or whatever. You just you have air that bubbles up. 131 00:06:14.480 --> 00:06:15.759 And so that's sort of why they tend to be 132 00:06:15.839 --> 00:06:18.240 like puffy and bumpy on the top and stuff like that. 133 00:06:18.879 --> 00:06:21.519 The sky's always have the fluffy clouds, and those are 134 00:06:21.519 --> 00:06:23.120 the ones that tend to if you're going to have 135 00:06:23.160 --> 00:06:25.319 storms that those are convective clouds. 136 00:06:25.680 --> 00:06:29.160 So those are the puffy, fluffy yeah, cotten candy clouds 137 00:06:29.160 --> 00:06:32.000 are like cumulus. And then there's this stratus. 138 00:06:32.120 --> 00:06:35.519 Yeah, so stratus literally the word like strata means layer, 139 00:06:35.920 --> 00:06:39.360 So stratus clouds are generally layered, which means that they're 140 00:06:39.399 --> 00:06:43.000 sort of forming from sort of a larger area that's 141 00:06:43.120 --> 00:06:46.199 rising a lot more slowly. So like over the ocean, 142 00:06:46.240 --> 00:06:49.839 where things are generally sort of similar everywhere, then you 143 00:06:49.879 --> 00:06:53.160 tend to get like strato cumulus over the ocean, or 144 00:06:53.279 --> 00:06:56.000 if it's like a really rainy, drizzly day a lot 145 00:06:56.000 --> 00:06:57.879 of times that will be like there'll be like a 146 00:06:57.920 --> 00:07:00.639 front coming through that's sort of larger, and so there's, 147 00:07:00.839 --> 00:07:02.360 you know, a big air mass that's just sort of 148 00:07:02.360 --> 00:07:05.279 moving slowly up, and so you get sort of these flat, 149 00:07:05.319 --> 00:07:06.480 sort of layered clouds. 150 00:07:06.680 --> 00:07:09.319 Oh so it's like a pancake is a stratus cloud 151 00:07:09.360 --> 00:07:10.920 and a cumulus is a muffin. 152 00:07:11.439 --> 00:07:13.199 Yes, okay, yeah, I'll take it. 153 00:07:13.560 --> 00:07:17.000 And then I guess maybe would a strato cumulus be 154 00:07:17.079 --> 00:07:17.639 like a waffle? 155 00:07:19.000 --> 00:07:20.120 Sure? Okay, why not? 156 00:07:21.639 --> 00:07:24.639 So hungry? And so then okay, what are some other 157 00:07:24.759 --> 00:07:29.560 types of clouds? Like what is a like a pyroclastic 158 00:07:29.560 --> 00:07:30.720 cloud or a lenticular? 159 00:07:30.839 --> 00:07:32.279 Like what are all these terms? 160 00:07:32.439 --> 00:07:37.000 So pyrocumulus clouds are really cool and also terrifying and 161 00:07:37.079 --> 00:07:39.199 kind of sad because they're what happens when you have 162 00:07:39.240 --> 00:07:43.519 fire pyro Right, So pyrocumulus is basically, when you get 163 00:07:43.560 --> 00:07:46.800 so much heat from the fire that it forces convection 164 00:07:46.879 --> 00:07:48.360 on its own ps. 165 00:07:48.480 --> 00:07:51.439 Why should anyone care about the meaning of convection when 166 00:07:51.480 --> 00:07:54.480 it's not being used to describe an oven that's making 167 00:07:54.519 --> 00:07:58.560 me cookies. Well, convection just means a circular current or 168 00:07:58.680 --> 00:08:02.480 gas or liquid is less dense and it rises, and 169 00:08:02.480 --> 00:08:04.959 then the cooler stuff is more dense and it falls. 170 00:08:05.199 --> 00:08:08.240 And this happens in weather patterns a bunch because the 171 00:08:08.279 --> 00:08:10.600 surface of the earth is warm, so it heats air. 172 00:08:10.800 --> 00:08:13.720 That air rises, and then the cooler air above it 173 00:08:13.800 --> 00:08:17.079 falls like that gets heated by the earth that rises, 174 00:08:17.199 --> 00:08:20.480 et cetera, et cetera, which, let's be honest, is almost 175 00:08:20.519 --> 00:08:24.360 as cool as cookies. That's pretty interesting. Now. Pyrocumulus or 176 00:08:24.720 --> 00:08:30.120 phlammogenitis clouds have terrible names, but they look like fluffy, puffy, 177 00:08:30.199 --> 00:08:32.480 billowy pillowy steam clouds. 178 00:08:32.440 --> 00:08:34.120 And so you get these are like really strong, like 179 00:08:34.200 --> 00:08:36.919 really crazy colorflowery, convectiony. 180 00:08:36.440 --> 00:08:37.639 Sort of clouds that form. 181 00:08:38.360 --> 00:08:40.799 I mean, I've seen them here over the mountains sometimes 182 00:08:40.840 --> 00:08:42.480 occasionally when we've gone bad fires. 183 00:08:42.559 --> 00:08:45.200 Oh my god, what about a lenticular cloud? 184 00:08:45.240 --> 00:08:49.039 But lenticular clouds are awesome. Okay, But a lenticular cloud 185 00:08:49.200 --> 00:08:51.639 is a wave cloud. So it forms when air is 186 00:08:51.679 --> 00:08:55.639 forced over a mountain. Oh and air, So if the 187 00:08:55.720 --> 00:08:58.679 air atmosphere in general is kind of stable, then when 188 00:08:58.720 --> 00:09:00.559 air goes up, it'll sort of go back down again, 189 00:09:00.600 --> 00:09:02.480 and it'll go sort of up and down in like 190 00:09:02.519 --> 00:09:05.320 this like large wave, and in the parts where it 191 00:09:05.360 --> 00:09:08.240 goes up, a cloud will form if you know conditions 192 00:09:08.240 --> 00:09:10.360 are right, and so you get sort of this. 193 00:09:10.639 --> 00:09:12.840 There are these people call them like UFO clouds. 194 00:09:12.879 --> 00:09:14.799 A lot of times they have almost this upho shape 195 00:09:14.799 --> 00:09:17.000 to them because they just form in the little top 196 00:09:17.000 --> 00:09:19.360 part of this wave, and so you get all these 197 00:09:19.399 --> 00:09:21.159 really cool and sometimes they build up on top of 198 00:09:21.200 --> 00:09:23.679 each other. When I lived in Colorado, we used to 199 00:09:23.679 --> 00:09:27.320 get the most amazing lenticular clouds. And also, like you 200 00:09:27.440 --> 00:09:29.279 if you ever look at like pictures of like Mountaineer 201 00:09:29.320 --> 00:09:31.720 and Washington, sometimes they'll form like on top of the 202 00:09:31.759 --> 00:09:34.200 mountain and you'll get this like a really cool like 203 00:09:34.600 --> 00:09:36.279 layered It's hard. 204 00:09:36.120 --> 00:09:38.559 To describe with just words, but oh, I'm going to 205 00:09:38.600 --> 00:09:39.000 look it up. 206 00:09:39.080 --> 00:09:43.519 Yeah, y'all, are you sitting have you seen a lenticular cloud? 207 00:09:43.799 --> 00:09:49.440 They look like sky pancakes or UFOs or like stacks 208 00:09:49.440 --> 00:09:53.279 of hanuka gelp. And the word lenticular comes from lens 209 00:09:53.399 --> 00:09:56.360 shaped like a bulging disc. 210 00:09:56.159 --> 00:09:59.120 Of a lens. Also, the word lens are. 211 00:09:59.000 --> 00:10:00.519 You even capable of dealing with this right now? 212 00:10:00.519 --> 00:10:01.200 I don't think you are. 213 00:10:01.440 --> 00:10:05.519 It comes from the Latin for lentil. So these giant 214 00:10:05.919 --> 00:10:11.159 disk like clouds are like big lentil pillows. And I'll 215 00:10:11.159 --> 00:10:13.000 be honest, I think I just crossed the line to 216 00:10:13.039 --> 00:10:15.720 wanting to join the cloud Appreciation Society, which is a 217 00:10:15.759 --> 00:10:19.159 real thing. You mentioned nimbus and anvil clouds. 218 00:10:19.200 --> 00:10:23.919 What are those? Yeah, So nimbus means rain, Oh it does. Yeah, 219 00:10:24.000 --> 00:10:25.919 I never knew that. I did not know that. 220 00:10:26.279 --> 00:10:28.159 Okay, wow, that's that's amazing. 221 00:10:28.200 --> 00:10:33.840 Okay, So cumulo nimbus is like a thunderstorm basically, yeah, 222 00:10:33.840 --> 00:10:38.279 that's And then anvil clouds are so literally like the 223 00:10:38.639 --> 00:10:41.000 top of the troposphere is called the tropopause, and then 224 00:10:41.000 --> 00:10:43.720 above that is the stratosphere, and that layer of that 225 00:10:43.759 --> 00:10:46.960 transition is really really stable, so air that goes up 226 00:10:47.000 --> 00:10:48.960 can't really go farther than that, And so when you 227 00:10:49.000 --> 00:10:50.639 have a storm cloud that goes up, it goes to 228 00:10:50.679 --> 00:10:52.919 the tropopause and the air doesn't have anywhere to go. 229 00:10:53.000 --> 00:10:54.279 The clouds don't have anywhere to go, and. 230 00:10:54.240 --> 00:10:57.159 So they spread out and that's where and it's they're 231 00:10:57.200 --> 00:10:58.840 called anvil clouds because if you look at the cheape 232 00:10:58.840 --> 00:11:00.960 of them, where they sort of like peak out and 233 00:11:01.039 --> 00:11:02.039 point out or whatever. 234 00:11:01.799 --> 00:11:04.679 They look sort of like an anvil. Oh my god, eh. 235 00:11:04.600 --> 00:11:07.679 Okay, quick aside. I looked them up, and these thunderstorms 236 00:11:07.879 --> 00:11:11.759 do in fact look like anvils. And their full name 237 00:11:11.919 --> 00:11:16.480 is cumulonimbus incus, and the cumulo means heaped, so they're 238 00:11:16.480 --> 00:11:18.679 like a bunch of heaps of whip cream. And the 239 00:11:18.799 --> 00:11:23.120 nimbus means rainstorm, and incus in Latin just means anvil. 240 00:11:23.480 --> 00:11:27.159 So when this rising air hits the tropopause, that's the 241 00:11:27.200 --> 00:11:30.000 boundary between the lowest level of our atmosphere and the 242 00:11:30.039 --> 00:11:34.799 next level stratosphere. So the cloud hits that and it's like, oh, shoot, 243 00:11:35.080 --> 00:11:39.360 that's a ceiling. Okay, I'm just gonna casually fan out. 244 00:11:39.639 --> 00:11:43.759 I'm gonna act normal. Hopefully nobody noticed. It doesn't even 245 00:11:43.840 --> 00:11:46.639 know how cool it is. How does the cloud even form? 246 00:11:46.919 --> 00:11:49.080 You need the sort of basics that you need our 247 00:11:49.120 --> 00:11:52.840 moisture and something for the moisture to condense onto and 248 00:11:52.919 --> 00:11:55.799 you need rising motion. So if you have air that's 249 00:11:55.879 --> 00:11:59.080 rising for some reason, like like for a convective cloud, 250 00:11:59.120 --> 00:12:01.799 it's because you of you know, sort of warm air 251 00:12:01.879 --> 00:12:04.559 that gets like buoyant, it's warmed in there around it. 252 00:12:04.840 --> 00:12:06.200 Or like I said, if you have air that's moving 253 00:12:06.200 --> 00:12:09.360 over front or over a mountain, then when the air 254 00:12:09.399 --> 00:12:12.559 moves up, as air goes up, the pressure goes down, 255 00:12:12.759 --> 00:12:14.080 and therefore the air gets colder. 256 00:12:14.639 --> 00:12:16.720 It's funny that something so beautiful that we see every 257 00:12:16.759 --> 00:12:19.240 day is so complicated, you know what I. 258 00:12:19.159 --> 00:12:20.960 Mean, And that's part of what I love about it. Right, 259 00:12:21.080 --> 00:12:23.759 I'm like, Okay, due point, saturation, vapor pressure. You don't 260 00:12:23.759 --> 00:12:24.679 want to hear these things. 261 00:12:24.759 --> 00:12:26.759 Those are great those are great points. 262 00:12:27.679 --> 00:12:31.039 Okay, So you've heard the due point. So the dew 263 00:12:31.080 --> 00:12:35.159 point is the temperature at which water would condense given 264 00:12:35.399 --> 00:12:38.159 the amount of moisture that's currently in the air. Right, 265 00:12:38.200 --> 00:12:41.120 So the higher the dew point, the more humid it is. Okay, 266 00:12:41.279 --> 00:12:45.720 So as you raise air, it gets cooler, and so 267 00:12:46.039 --> 00:12:50.360 eventually it'll get to where it equals the due point 268 00:12:50.480 --> 00:12:53.159 of that sort of bit of air that's rising, Okay, 269 00:12:53.440 --> 00:12:55.159 And so at that point condensation can happen. 270 00:12:55.679 --> 00:13:00.240 Oh okay, okay, so quick recap. The dew point point 271 00:13:00.399 --> 00:13:03.159 is the temperature that water would start to condense, and 272 00:13:03.240 --> 00:13:06.360 a fifty degree due point is pretty comfy, but a 273 00:13:06.399 --> 00:13:10.720 seventy degree due point is just getting into swamp bottom territory. 274 00:13:11.000 --> 00:13:14.320 Now living in LA, this due point info was new 275 00:13:14.320 --> 00:13:17.360 to me. I had not the foggiest idea. And when 276 00:13:17.399 --> 00:13:21.759 does something become a cloud if it's foggy? If you 277 00:13:21.799 --> 00:13:23.360 know what I mean, is fog a cloud? 278 00:13:23.440 --> 00:13:24.200 Foggy is a cloud? 279 00:13:24.240 --> 00:13:26.919 Fog is just a cloud that's touching the ground. That's cool, 280 00:13:27.120 --> 00:13:27.840 literally all it is. 281 00:13:27.960 --> 00:13:30.399 Yeah, how far does it have to go before it's 282 00:13:30.399 --> 00:13:30.799 a cloud? 283 00:13:30.879 --> 00:13:33.840 Just above your head like it is a cloud? Is 284 00:13:33.840 --> 00:13:36.799 that a philosophical or a meteorological question? 285 00:13:38.159 --> 00:13:39.799 I mean, I think it's it's one of those like 286 00:13:39.960 --> 00:13:44.440 fuzzy things because if it's funny like I you know, 287 00:13:44.519 --> 00:13:47.919 if you fly through a cloud, right, like when are 288 00:13:47.919 --> 00:13:48.559 you in the cloud? 289 00:13:48.600 --> 00:13:49.919 And when are you not in the cloud? 290 00:13:50.200 --> 00:13:50.360 Right? 291 00:13:50.399 --> 00:13:51.639 Because there's like all those little. 292 00:13:51.399 --> 00:13:53.440 Water droplets and at some point it's enough that you 293 00:13:53.440 --> 00:13:56.320 can see it, But if you look at it with 294 00:13:56.919 --> 00:13:59.639 like a light r there's a lot more that you 295 00:13:59.679 --> 00:14:02.080 can't see because it's just too small or too sparse 296 00:14:02.159 --> 00:14:02.679 or whatever. 297 00:14:03.000 --> 00:14:04.759 You know, So at what point is it a cloud 298 00:14:04.840 --> 00:14:05.600 versus not a cloud? 299 00:14:05.639 --> 00:14:05.720 Right? 300 00:14:05.759 --> 00:14:09.120 It's not like there's weird hard boundaries, right, so you know, 301 00:14:09.440 --> 00:14:13.159 touching the ground versus not, like, you know, give a 302 00:14:13.200 --> 00:14:13.759 wiggle room. 303 00:14:13.960 --> 00:14:18.120 Okay, do you look for faces in clouds? Do you 304 00:14:18.240 --> 00:14:21.080 still look for shapes and clouds? 305 00:14:22.080 --> 00:14:23.679 I don't really go out of my way too. 306 00:14:23.840 --> 00:14:25.679 I mean, if I see it, i'll you know, take 307 00:14:25.759 --> 00:14:28.039 note of it or whatever. But I tend to, I 308 00:14:28.039 --> 00:14:30.240 mean I tend to just sort of like stare agog 309 00:14:30.320 --> 00:14:32.080 at them, you know, just like, oh, it's so pretty. 310 00:14:33.320 --> 00:14:35.399 So we sat on my couch staring at the sky 311 00:14:35.759 --> 00:14:40.080 which was hazy with stripy things in it. They were 312 00:14:40.120 --> 00:14:42.320 probably stratus or cumulus. 313 00:14:42.480 --> 00:14:45.120 Right, what is the what are these today? 314 00:14:45.159 --> 00:14:45.879 These are stratus? 315 00:14:45.919 --> 00:14:49.480 Those are serious? What is it Cerrus? So Cirrus is 316 00:14:49.799 --> 00:14:51.960 really high up basically. Oh yeah. 317 00:14:52.320 --> 00:14:55.759 So there's sort of like three kind of like levels 318 00:14:57.039 --> 00:14:58.879 that we sort of think about in terms of like 319 00:14:59.080 --> 00:15:02.919 the heights of the cloud or whatever, and so the 320 00:15:03.159 --> 00:15:05.960 higher up ones are serious. The middle ones are like Alto, 321 00:15:06.120 --> 00:15:10.320 So we have like Alto stratus or whatever, and then 322 00:15:10.360 --> 00:15:12.240 the low ones are like just like the stratus or 323 00:15:12.279 --> 00:15:14.240 cumulus or you know, things like that. 324 00:15:14.399 --> 00:15:17.320 So you can tack on a prefix to tell you 325 00:15:17.360 --> 00:15:19.919 where in the sky it is. Yeah, I have so 326 00:15:19.919 --> 00:15:20.879 many Patreon questions. 327 00:15:20.960 --> 00:15:21.720 Are you ready? Yes? 328 00:15:21.759 --> 00:15:25.320 Okay, she is ready, But first before your Patreon questions. 329 00:15:25.440 --> 00:15:27.960 Each week we make a donation to a cause of 330 00:15:28.000 --> 00:15:31.440 theologists choosing, and this week, given the chat about pyrocumulus 331 00:15:31.440 --> 00:15:35.720 clouds and the wildfires in Australia, Rachel chose the World 332 00:15:35.799 --> 00:15:40.679 Wildlife Funds charity Australian Wildlife and Nature Recovery Fund, which 333 00:15:40.720 --> 00:15:45.200 supports veterinarians who are treating injured wildlife and provides food 334 00:15:45.240 --> 00:15:49.399 and water to critters in impacted regions. They use Koala 335 00:15:49.480 --> 00:15:52.840 detection dogs to help rescue them and to find other 336 00:15:52.879 --> 00:15:56.519 threatened species, and they get supplies to triage sites. So 337 00:15:56.759 --> 00:15:59.519 thank you Rachel for picking that, and that donation is 338 00:15:59.519 --> 00:16:01.879 made poss by sponsors of the show, which you may 339 00:16:01.919 --> 00:16:02.240 hear about. 340 00:16:02.279 --> 00:16:04.399 Now get value. 341 00:16:04.440 --> 00:16:06.919 You can't argue with Fat Tesco with their amazing club 342 00:16:06.960 --> 00:16:09.639 card prices. Have the perfect night in with their finest 343 00:16:09.639 --> 00:16:12.679 frozen pizza meal deal. Get the finest frozen pizza Chips 344 00:16:12.679 --> 00:16:15.559 and ice cream all for six euro like our delicious 345 00:16:15.559 --> 00:16:18.559 spicy salami hot honey, and do you or Margarito wood 346 00:16:18.559 --> 00:16:21.759 fired pizzas served up with their crispy chunkie chips and 347 00:16:21.879 --> 00:16:24.720 ice cream like Sea Salt de caramel or pistachio for dessert. 348 00:16:25.120 --> 00:16:28.559 Can't argue with that? 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Okay, wants to know 377 00:17:49.000 --> 00:17:49.880 why your cloud's white. 378 00:17:50.960 --> 00:17:51.279 H Yeah. 379 00:17:51.279 --> 00:17:53.319 I started out this a little bit earlier, because you 380 00:17:53.400 --> 00:17:55.920 have a lot of droplets all in the same place, 381 00:17:56.039 --> 00:17:58.640 and the light bounces off of them and gets scattered. 382 00:17:59.200 --> 00:18:00.279 I guess they at an all the. 383 00:18:00.200 --> 00:18:02.519 Different directions, and so that that looks to our eyes 384 00:18:02.559 --> 00:18:02.920 like white. 385 00:18:02.920 --> 00:18:03.799 Basically, huh. 386 00:18:04.279 --> 00:18:08.559 First time question asker Navarro wants to know in places 387 00:18:08.559 --> 00:18:12.119 like Brooklyn, Big Up, it's overcast almost every day only 388 00:18:12.119 --> 00:18:15.119 in the winter. No visible sun, just a silvery white 389 00:18:15.119 --> 00:18:18.480 haze blanketing the entire sky. I actually got curious and 390 00:18:18.519 --> 00:18:20.920 googled it the other day. It turns out the explanation 391 00:18:21.119 --> 00:18:24.640 is nephological in nature, So can you please explain? And 392 00:18:24.960 --> 00:18:28.640 Jack Pourier and Courtney Ryan also have those questions about 393 00:18:28.640 --> 00:18:29.759 why is it cloud in the winter. 394 00:18:30.359 --> 00:18:32.720 Yeah, so, I mean I'm from Pennsylvania originally, and so 395 00:18:32.839 --> 00:18:35.240 I know the great skies of winter. Yeah. 396 00:18:35.279 --> 00:18:37.640 So a lot of it is just the kind of 397 00:18:37.680 --> 00:18:40.359 clouds that tend to form. So you know, a lot 398 00:18:40.359 --> 00:18:42.359 of like the stratus clouds, like I said, form when 399 00:18:42.359 --> 00:18:44.240 the atmosphere is stable, and so you get sort of 400 00:18:44.240 --> 00:18:47.920 like these blankety the stratus clouds. And in the winter generally, 401 00:18:47.960 --> 00:18:50.400