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Speaker 1: I'm gonna guess that each of you listening to this

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podcast is interested in improving your English. I think about

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that every time I write up one of these lessons,

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and I'm sure that today every one of you is

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going to like this lesson about each and every.

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Speaker 2: Welcome to another Happy English podcast, coming to you from

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New York City. And here's your English teacher, Michael.

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Speaker 1: All right, thank you, John, and thanks everyone. It's Michael

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here from Happy English and I help people speak English better.

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And this is Happy English Podcast, Episode eight thirty eight.

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Each or every Hello, and welcome, thanks for joining me

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for another episode of the Happy English Podcast. I'm your

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English teacher, Michael, and I'm so glad you're here with

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me today. I want to talk about two little words

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that give English learners a hard time each and every Now.

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On the surface, they seem kind of similar, right, I

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mean if I say each day I walk the dogs

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or every day I walk the dogs. Yeah, same idea, right,

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I walk the dogs daily. Both of those are totally

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natural and totally correct. You can pretty much use either

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one when you're talking about time expressions, like each morning,

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every Friday, each weekend, every summer, and so on. But

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and you knew there was a butt coming. There are

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some small but important differences, and that's what we're going

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to unpack today. So first of all, what's the difference

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between each and every, Well, it depends on the point

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of view you. What I mean is each looks at

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things one by one, and every looks at things as

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a group. Let me give you an example. Imagine you

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were handing out cookies at a party and you say

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each child got a cookie. That means you're thinking about

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the kids individually. You're mentally going, Okay, Bobby got one,

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Emma got one, Heroshi got one, and so on. But

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if you say every child got a cookie, you're looking

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at the group as a whole, as in, nobody got

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left out. So there's the same outcome. Everyone gets a cookie,

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but the focus is a little bit different. I remember

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a TV commercial for watches. The announcer said that each

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watch is hand crafted each watch, using each gives the

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feeling that, one by one, those watches are given individual treatment,

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and individual treatment feels special. Right. Here's another example. My

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dad had an extensive collection of jazz records, and each

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record had a note card inside with his handwritten notes

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about the music. And the musicians each record one by one.

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We can really feel that each time he got a

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new record, he wrote those notes about each one one

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by one. Again, using each makes us feel the individuality

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of those records. Whereas every record has a handwritten note,

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every record means all of the records, we lump them

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together and we lose their individual character. Again, both each

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and every are correct, but each sounds a little more personal,

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more zoomed in. All right, now, let's talk about grammar

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for a bit, because this can be problematic for a

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lot of English learners. First of all, we use every

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followed by a singular noun. You can say things like

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every day, every cat, every game, and every employee, like

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every employee goes through three months of training. The Yankees

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have won every game this month. As well, we use

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each followed by a singular noun. You can say things

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like each day, each cat, each game, each employee, like

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each employee goes through three months of training. The Yankees

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have won each game this month. In addition, we use

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each of followed by a determiner and then a plural noun.

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Each of my friends has a car. Each of the

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employees goes through three months of training. So you may

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be wondering what's the difference between each and each of. Well,

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aside from the grammar, it comes down to emphasis. Each

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is simple, direct, and slightly more general in tone. It's

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often used when you're referring to a category or a role,

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like each student gets a handbook, each cat has its

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own personality. On the other hand, when you use each of,

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you're focusing more on a specific group and pointing out

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the individual members within that group. Each of feels slightly

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more formal or specific. You're zooming in on a known

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or defined set, like each of the students in this

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class has a laptop, each of my cats hates going

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to the vet. When we use each of, we know

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the specific group, like each of the students in this

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class or each of my cats. Here's an example from

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an office setting. Imagine you're a manager talking about your team.

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In an email. You might write, each employee is expected

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to complete the survey. This refers to all employees a

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general statement. But when you say something like each of

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the employees in our team has completed the training, now

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you're talking about a specific group. Now here's a common

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phrase that you might hear. Each and every we use

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each and every to give emphasis, like each and every

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student must attend ninety percent of the lectures, or the

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boss might say, I expect each and every one of

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you to do your best to meet the deadline. So

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in the real world, which should you use? Let me

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give it to you straight. Every is what people say

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most often. Every time I go to that restaurant, it's crowded.

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I go for a walk every day. If you're talking

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about daily routines and what you usually do, every is

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the go to word. I think it rolls off the

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tongue more naturally I go for a walk each day. Well,

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it's still correct, but it has a slightly more formal

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or poetic field. It can sound a little, i don't know,

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extra serious, like I go there every day, natural normal,

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I go there each day. It's correct, but it sounds

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like you're trying to make a point or sound thoughtful.

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So unless you're writing a poem or trying to be dramatic,

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stick with every day for the everyday stuff. You see

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what I did there? All right, that's it for today.

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I hope this helped clear up things for each and

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every one of you. Keep in mind the best way

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to remember English like this and any other word or

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phrase in English is to take that word or phrase,

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write it in a sentence that's true for you or

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true in your world, and then memorize your sentences. Hey,

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do you want to get more practice using your English,

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then you should join my podcast Learner's study group. There

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you can make new international friends join us for live

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group lessons every week where we practice these podcast lessons together.

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Plus you get access to the pdf, transcript and audio

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download for every Happy English podcast in the past and

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in the future. And on top of that, each episode

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has exercises where you can practice this English point with

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speaking and writing checked by me. To learn more, well,

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just visit Myhappy English dot com and choose podcast lesson

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eight thirty eight. Remember, learning another language is not easy,

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but it's not impossible, and I'm here to help you

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on your journey.

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Speaker 2: This podcast is brought to you by Happy English. Please

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