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Speaker 1: Okay, sure, So it's quick up on Tesla. You have

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to unute program for people hold on oneside.

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Speaker 2: Oh yeah, yeah. So I'm sure people have been reading

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about the order alone, bailouts and all that sort of stuff.

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So it's it's kind of a travesty at what's going on,

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although I hope I don't think it's gonna last too long.

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Into the Obama administration, there was a twenty five billion

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dollar loan program that Congress approved to find energy development

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of energy efficient vehicle, essentially the wean ourselves of oil.

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And ironically, the Big Three then came to Washington and said,

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now give us that money for our day to day

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operations building gas guzzlers, which is is obviously a sort

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of a version of the intent. And unfortunately, with the

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job situation being being the way it is, Congress has

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acceded to that demand and it is understanding currently giving

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fifteen of the twenty five billion to the Big Three

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to fund their data operations, which I.

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Speaker 1: Believe gets them to about February. I love kidding. There's

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not even an exaggeration.

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Speaker 2: Although the Speaker a Speaker Pelosi has also said that

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as soon as the new administration comes in they're going

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to replenish that fund, so I think it'll be I

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think it'll be okay.

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Speaker 1: But certainly, if you have the opportunity to express to.

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Speaker 2: Anyone in DC or in the press the importance of

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developing clean energy vehicles, please take the opportunity to do so.

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Speaker 1: In the case of Tesla, if.

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Speaker 2: Tesla actually is not applying for any bailout funds, although

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some of the press have mistaken that, what Tesla's done

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is applied for funding to develop lower cost mass market vehicles,

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and essentially the exact intent of the legislation, and.

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Speaker 1: So hopefully this will some money left over to actually

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do that after the Big three have taken what the

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what what they will take?

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Speaker 2: Uh so uh And and the Tesla Roadster, I think

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a lot of people are familiar with that.

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Speaker 1: That's the two seater sports car.

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Speaker 2: In fact, my my car, which is production unit one,

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is parked outside if anyone's curious.

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Speaker 1: To see it. There's uh there's also Tesla.

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Speaker 2: Sales and service center on Santa Monica Boulevard, so if

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you want to pop in and take a look at

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the card at that time, we also welcome do so.

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And we're about to deliver our hundredth production Tesla next week.

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And that's interestingly enough, our hundredth customer is Sam Perry.

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Speaker 1: If if if anybody.

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Speaker 2: Watched the the when Obama won and an Oprah was

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crying on some guy's shoulder, that same guy's hundred customers.

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Speaker 1: So it's good.

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Speaker 2: Like Zelig, I mean, he's sort of everywhere. So anyway,

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he's a really great guy and lives in the area.

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It's going to take a little bit of his car

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on Tuesday, so I'm going to hand him the keys

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personally and think of being a customer. So and you know,

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there's an important point about Tesla, which is, whenever somebody

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buys the Tesla Roadster, even though it's a one hundred

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thousand dollars one hundred nine thousand dollars sports car and

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it's kind of a fancy sports car, every pointy that

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Tesla makes goes into development of lower cost mass mark vehicles.

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Speaker 1: So the company doesn't.

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Speaker 2: Issue any dividends, nor will it ever know my stalary's

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minimum wage, you know.

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Speaker 1: So I'm a volunteer.

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Speaker 2: Basically, So and then you know, it's it's like it's

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just an important point because sometimes people think, well, gee,

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what's the point of making these these expensive cars, which

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are sort of toys for rich people, hows that really

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helping the environment.

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Speaker 1: The important point to bear in mind is that when.

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Speaker 2: You have new technology, it takes time to optimize that technology.

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If you think back to the early days of cell

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phones or laptops or pretty much anything new, it's expensive

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in the early days because the first job with a

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new technology is you've got to make it work, and

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you make it small volume you sell those cars. But

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if you the critical point is that you can't get

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to the low cost cars unless you start with the

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expensive cars. And and that's that's the point that sometimes lies. Anyway,

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that's enough on Tesla. I'll jump into the space stuff

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and I'll kick it off with our last flight video.

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Speaker 3: Fuel turned out actually are set.

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Speaker 1: To trigger system. So this is actually on a remote

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trop of the island. We launched a small rocket, the

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Falcon one from an island in the quadronin anshole. So

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so it feels a bit of nefarious to be launching

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rockets for a moretrochoical islands. Yeah, I feel a bit

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like a brine villain in this case. It's basically just

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a dummy satellite. So if this is basically.

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Speaker 2: A test flight to get to orbits. So this is

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actually our fourth flights. The flights two or three made

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it to space, but they didn't make rule a way

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to orbit. And it's actually a lot harder to get

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to orbit than it is to get to space. You

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can get to space just by getting going up to

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mark three, but to get to orbit you get to

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get you have to have a minimum of mark twenty five,

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and that doesn't actually explain the full difficulty because the

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energy scales with the square of the last seas, So

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getting space nine inntes of energy, getting to orbit six

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hundred and twenty five minutes of energy. It's about seventy

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times harder to get to orbit than to get to space,

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and that's why there's only been about half a dozen

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countries in the world that have actually reached aubit. So

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this is actually the first completely privately developed rocket uh

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to to reach orbit and also the first amen privately

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about liquid fuel rocky disorders. This is it's named This

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is the Falcon one. It's named Falcon after the Millennium Falcons.

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Speaker 1: From Star Wars. Looks nothing like it, but.

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Speaker 2: So the music in the background is a high roller

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from the crystal method.

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Speaker 1: Actually with with with rockets. Uh. The only semi reuseful

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rocket in.

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Speaker 2: The world right now is the Space Shuttle, and they

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say sam reusul because the main tank is actually.

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Speaker 1: Thrown away every time, so it's typically we're really almost

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in all cases rockets are not recovered.

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Speaker 2: They basically re enter and kind of either burn up

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or crash into the ocean and think to the bottom.

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Speaker 1: Typically now a.

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Speaker 2: Falcon one, our intent is to recover the first stage,

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which unfortunately we weren't able to do it this flight.

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The clametry coming down showed that that the it didn't

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have enough normal protection, so it actually ended.

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Speaker 1: Up burning up. We need to increase the thermal protection.

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Got Uh. The field is is a high purity kerosene,

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so it's.

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Speaker 2: Like sort of a very clean form of jet fuel

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basically with no sult of content dry. It's not the

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greatest thing in the world, but we do buy lots

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of carbon ox sets, so.

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Speaker 1: It's a nine degresional that too.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, exactly, we're making use of thest rotation to help

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with the insert simplacity.

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Speaker 3: Could you actually go out wouldn't it be easier to

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go into space?

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Speaker 2: And well, the only way to go up and stay

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up is to reach orb it. The the gravity is

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actually almost the same force at say two hundred.

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Speaker 1: Miles above the surface as it is on the on

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the surface of the Earth.

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Speaker 2: The only reason people seem to be sort of floating around,

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but actually what's happening is they're zooming around the Earth

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super fast. And the said the outward acceleration is equal

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to the inward acceleration of gravity, and so when that's neutralized,

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you have what appears to be zero gravity, but you're

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actally just sort.

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Speaker 1: Of falling around the Earth.

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Speaker 2: Do you want We've not encountered any any space junk

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issue that it's although there's been a lot of launchers

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up there and been issues like the where the Chinese

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blood for satellite and scattered bits all over the place.

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Speaker 1: It's so big up there that the statistical chance of

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being hit is tiny.

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Speaker 2: But but for things which are which carry people, like

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the space station and our Dragon spacecraft.

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Speaker 1: Uh, they actually have my Cromeinia rights shields so they

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can take a high impact which essentially a.

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Speaker 2: High speed bullet coming at its picture.

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Speaker 1: Ah, the bigger picture. Very good question.

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Speaker 2: So the reason I started SpaceX was because the cost

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and reliability of getting to getting to orbits and beyond.

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Speaker 1: Has not really improved since the sixties. In fact, it's

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Scottland worse so.

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Speaker 2: And if you look at the trajectory over time, it's

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not an improving trajectory if you would extrapolate that the

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cast trajectory, and Steve could tell could affirm that if

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if you would extrapolate to the future, you would basically

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be able to afford no launchers at some point.

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Speaker 1: Because it's just it's actually was getting more and more expensive.

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Speaker 2: So I started SpaceX to really reverse that trend and

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make it affordable to get to orbit and beyond. The

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huge breakthrough that space aspires to achieve, and this is

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a very difficult thing, is to make a fully reusable.

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Speaker 1: Orbital launch vehicle. So with Falcon one, the first stage

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is intended to be re usable. With Falcon nine, both

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stages are intended to be reusable.

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Speaker 2: Now it's going to take us many launches to figure

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that out and get the stages back safely and optimize

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the refurbishment for flight and make sure they're reliable and what.

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But that's that's the that's sort of the big tech

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technical breakthrough wereing for and you can imagine in any

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mode of transport, if you had a reusable vehicle or

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expendable vehicle, it would be a night and day difference.

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I mean, how many people would have driven here if

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the car was single use or or even And that

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applies to any mode of transport, bicycles, horses, planes, you know,

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really pretty much anything.

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Speaker 1: So we've got this weird.

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Speaker 2: Situation in space where vehicles can only be used once.

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In fact, you want to return journey, you've got like

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tow one behind you. So that's what we're aspiring to it.

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It's a tough goal. We're not saying we can achieve it,

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but we're aspiring to achieve.

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Speaker 1: That, and I think we will. But to explain why

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that's so difficult.

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Speaker 2: When an orbital rocket is after they've really optimized the

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weight of the rocket and use the most advanced materials

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and the engines are incredibly efficient, and you've pushed everything

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to the maximum, you typically get about three percent of

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the lift off weight to orbit. So if you make

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even a small mistake in the design, you know, if

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you get three percent off your you know you got nothing.

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So and that's for expandable single use rockets, where they're

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not trying to make the rocket robust enough to have

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multiple flight. They're not trying to make it robust enough

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to re enter safely. It doesn't have to have heat

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shields and all that lot of stuff. So when you

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add in all those things, if that exceeds three percent,

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well you're getting nothing toward it.

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Speaker 1: So uh So to make it.

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Speaker 2: Reusable and still deliver it a useful payload is extraordinarily difficult,

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and and no one has ever succeeded in doing that, right,

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So I'm getting I'll get So the why Essentially.

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Speaker 1: I should? I should? I Actually, you're right, I should

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perceive this with the Y and then and then the how.

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Speaker 2: No.

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Speaker 1: So, yeah, technics, for granted, being in a space business.

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But so I'm a huge believer in the extension of

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life beyond Earth.

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Speaker 2: So making life multiplanetary, I think, is one of the

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most important things we could do.

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Speaker 1: So then why why is that important? Well?

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Speaker 2: How do you how do you say that anything is important?

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How do you judge importance? Well, if you look at

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things on an historical time scale, and the further you

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zoom out more, the important stuff stays behind, and the

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unimportant stuff you can't see it anymore.

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Speaker 1: And if you look at the the span of life's

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evolution on Earth, you know, the multi billion.

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Speaker 2: Year history of Earth itself, of life on Earth itself,

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you can really point to about half a dozen major

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steps on the evolution of life. There's obviously single cell life,

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multicellular life, differentiation to plants and animals, life moving from

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the oceans to land, mammals, consciousness.

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Speaker 1: You know, those are sort of like the big ones,

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and that's why we're here talking.

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Speaker 2: And on that scale also would fit I think the

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extension of life to multiple planets. So life becoming multiplanetary,

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it would be at least is important, if not more

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important than life going from the oceans to lands, oceans

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to land.

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Speaker 1: You could jump back to the ocean if forgot uncomfortable.

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Speaker 2: But going to another planet you've got to go over,

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you know, billions of miles of hostile space and then

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land and try to create an ecology on a planet

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that is nothing like the planet that we live on today,

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or if my current planet may become more like that

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planet if not careful, But you know that's so if

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you have something which arguably I could fit on the

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important scale of the evolution of life, itself, then it's reason.

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We'll say it's important and should get some of our resources.

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And I think, say, well, what is some of our resources? Well, probably,

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like you know, less than what we spend on medicare

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and more than what we spend on lifstick. You know,

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you can sort of bracket it. So we spent a

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lot of lipstick quo, which I.

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Speaker 1: Think is great.

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Speaker 2: But if you said, well, maybe we should spend a

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quarter of a percent of our of our economic product

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on the extension of life to another planet, making my

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fault planetary, and that would be like a reasonable number,

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and you know that's uh, you know, several tanza billions.

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So I don't think it could be done for that.

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And but a critical element is making having that reusable

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orbital craft. So that's the that's the fundamental breakthrough is necessary.

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First bill to afford to do it at a price

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that is going to be palatable to the general public.

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Speaker 1: Planetary and think about the kind of fuels used. Probably

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it looks so ideas about well my wild's idea about feels.

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Speaker 2: I think long term, you know, once we well, if

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we I suppose figure out fusion, you're having a fusion.

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Speaker 1: If you can have a compact fusion reactor and that

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that would be the best energy source.

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Speaker 2: And then you need to sort of shoot something out

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of the back end, uh, you know, which could just

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basically a high energy ion engine powered by a fusion reactor.

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That's like, that's pretty much about as good as're gonna get.

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I mean, theoretically from a physics standpoint, sorry a gravity saying,

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maybe a solar sale. Yeah, solar sale is an option.

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But now the sun doesn't have a lot of force

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because if you stand outside, you don't feel yourself getting

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knocked down by the Sun.

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Speaker 1: But but so you need a big sale in space

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and it can and it can work, and it's an option.

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Speaker 2: And particularly, you know, if you had, like to say,

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a cargo ship going from Earth to Mars, where the

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time of the journey wasn't that big of a deal,

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then that could be actually a good option.