Speaker 1: This is Gary and Shannon and you're listening to KFI
Speaker 1: AM six forty, the Gary and Shannon Show on demand
Speaker 1: on the iHeartRadio app.
Speaker 2: What else is going on? Time for What's happening?
Speaker 3: Wow?
Speaker 1: Well, it appears confirmation that it was broken power lines
Speaker 1: that caused the Maui wildfire. A report found that broken
Speaker 1: power lines caused that fire from last year last.
Speaker 2: August, I should say in August ago.
Speaker 1: The wildfire killed one hundred and two people, destroyed more
Speaker 1: than twenty two hundred structures about five billion dollars in damages.
Speaker 1: This three hundred page report was released yesterday. Comes from
Speaker 1: Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, which was working
Speaker 1: with local officials like the County of Maui Department of
Speaker 1: Fire and Public Safety to figure out the cause. It
Speaker 1: was originally blamed on the combination of high winds in
Speaker 1: dry weather, but the investigation found that the widespread destruction
Speaker 1: was caused by a single fire that started by the
Speaker 1: undetected re energies. Try it again, the undetected re energization
Speaker 1: energization of broken utility lines that caused sparks that ignited
Speaker 1: unmaintained vegetation investigation said that there was no definitive conclusion
Speaker 1: about how the ignition started, but said that the fire
Speaker 1: cause was accidental. According to the report, they even know
Speaker 1: exactly where it was. The origin of the fire was
Speaker 1: the overgrown vegetation at and surrounding utility pole number twenty
Speaker 1: five off of lah Nah Lahaih Naluna Road. The cause
Speaker 1: of the fire was the re energization of that line
Speaker 1: caused sparks to fall at the base of pole twenty
Speaker 1: five that ignited the unmaintained vegetation below, And in fact
Speaker 1: they said it was one fire, not two as they
Speaker 1: originally thought. Dozens more people have been killed in some
Speaker 1: new Israeli airstrikes in Lebanon and Gaza, as some other
Speaker 1: nations have ramped up their plans to get people out
Speaker 1: of Lebanon. At least seven health and rescue workers were
Speaker 1: apparently killed in an Israeli airstrike on an apartment building
Speaker 1: in Beirut overnight, the second air strike to hit Central
Speaker 1: Bay Route this week and the second to hit the
Speaker 1: Health Society in twenty four hours. The AP said there
Speaker 1: was no Israeli warning issued to that area before the strike,
Speaker 1: which is strange because Israel is very well known for
Speaker 1: warning areas before they do hit residents reported as sulfur
Speaker 1: like smell, and they now accuse Israel using phosphorus bombs
Speaker 1: in the strike, which are prohibited by international law for
Speaker 1: use near civilian populations. The Israeli military has said that,
Speaker 1: of course, in response to Iran's missile attacks from Tuesday,
Speaker 1: that they will determine the manner and timing of their response.
Speaker 1: There was a report earlier today that suggested that some
Speaker 1: Israeli officials had been quietly saying to Americans, we've proved
Speaker 1: our point. We don't need to retaliate for those missile attacks.
Speaker 1: Former First Lady Malania Trump is going to put out
Speaker 1: a new memoir. It's coming out in a couple of weeks,
Speaker 1: as a matter of fact, and she has been making
Speaker 1: the rounds to pitch the movie, to pitch the book,
Speaker 1: and one of the things that's coming out is that
Speaker 1: she is criticizing restrictions on abortion. Her new memoir, she writes,
Speaker 1: why should anyone other than the woman herself have the
Speaker 1: power to determine what she does with her own body.
Speaker 1: A woman's fundamental right of individual liberty to her own
Speaker 1: life grants her the authority to terminate her pregnancy if
Speaker 1: she wishes again that would be in the book. The
Speaker 1: position is at odds with much of the Republican Party.
Speaker 1: She argues that the decision to terminate a pregnancy would
Speaker 1: be a decision left between a woman and her doctor
Speaker 1: and said that that is a common sense approach. She
Speaker 1: also talked in an interview that I I saw about
Speaker 1: the divisiveness that she sees in American culture so far
Speaker 1: in the last couple of years.
Speaker 2: I should say, I think we.
Speaker 4: Need to listen to each other. We need to respect
Speaker 4: our freedom of the speech, because I think that we
Speaker 4: could have innovation and success in this country. We are
Speaker 4: canceling people that they don't agree on certain issues.
Speaker 1: You may be eligible for a gas settlement payment if
Speaker 1: you purchased gas anytime in Southern California between February of
Speaker 1: twenty fifteen and November of twenty fifteen. You might want
Speaker 1: to submit a claim for a payment under the state
Speaker 1: settlement with gas trading firms for tampering with and manipulating
Speaker 1: gas prices in the state. And it includes La San Diego, Orange, Riverside,
Speaker 1: San Bernardino, kerne Ventura, Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo and
Speaker 1: or in Aerial County during that time, you can go
Speaker 1: to Calgas Litigation dot Com. State Assembly also proved a
Speaker 1: bill just this week, backed by Governor Newsom, aimed at
Speaker 1: preventing gas prices from spiking, particularly in late summer months
Speaker 1: when the demand for that gas goes up. Southern California
Speaker 1: customers of Ticketmaster have reported fraudulent transfers of concert tickets
Speaker 1: to unknown accounts. A woman in San Diego, for example,
Speaker 1: says the tickets that she bought through Ticketmaster for an
Speaker 1: upcoming concert were fraudulently transferred to someone that she doesn't
Speaker 1: even know. It's happened before, to a lot of different places.
Speaker 1: She said, it's not about the money, it's just about
Speaker 1: missing out on something that we were really excited for.
Speaker 1: She was going to go see the band Corn, didn't
Speaker 1: realize they were still together.
Speaker 2: She said.
Speaker 1: She found out the alleged fraud when she received an
Speaker 1: email that her tickets had been transferred to another account,
Speaker 1: which is crazy because she said that she already booked flights, hotels,
Speaker 1: rental cars, all that stuff, along with of course the tickets.
Speaker 1: Ticketmaster was the victim of a data breach several months ago,
Speaker 1: and they said that information from several hundred customers had
Speaker 1: been linked and it may looks like may have been hers. Okay, Richie,
Speaker 1: you're gonna have to help me out with this one.
Speaker 1: If you're a fan of mean Girls, you know the
Speaker 1: date October third is more fetch than all the three
Speaker 1: hundred and sixty four other days of the year because
Speaker 1: it's October third, it is, which means what it means
Speaker 1: that it's National Mean Girls Day. So this is a
Speaker 1: scene where Lindsay asked Jonathan Bennett what day was and
Speaker 1: he turned around over the shoulder and said it's October third.
Speaker 2: And then she says, on October third, he asked me
Speaker 2: what day it was?
Speaker 5: Exactly happened National Day, October third, Richie, you are a
Speaker 5: font of cultural knowledge and I appreciate that anytime.
Speaker 2: The best part is he explained the same story to
Speaker 2: Steve and Michelle Good that I'm not the only one.
Speaker 5: Yeah, check out the video I have on my instigra
Speaker 5: story It's October third, Okay, and then it'll and they'll
Speaker 5: again exactly.
Speaker 1: Okay, great, all right, this immunity filing came out today,
Speaker 1: came out yesterday. I should say, one hundred and sixty
Speaker 1: five pages from special counsel Jack Smith outlining some of
Speaker 1: the details of former President Trump's desperate efforts to overturn
Speaker 1: the twenty twenty election loss and joining us to talk
Speaker 1: more about this is ABC's legal analyst, Royal Oaks and
Speaker 1: Royal Let's begin with the basic description of this one
Speaker 1: hundred and sixty five page document. This was a requirement
Speaker 1: that Jack Smith spell out some of the allegations against
Speaker 1: him as a direct result of what we saw the
Speaker 1: Supreme Court rule when it came to presidential immunity.
Speaker 3: Exactly right. This is part of the January sixth election
Speaker 3: interference case. Carse she need a scorecard to keep track
Speaker 3: of all the cases. But it's one of the four
Speaker 3: criminal cases against Trump, this one pending in Washington, DC. So,
Speaker 3: in response to the case months and months ago, Donald
Speaker 3: Trump foiled in motion to dismiss saying, hey, if president
Speaker 3: is immune from prosecution, so get out of my face.
Speaker 3: The trial court judge said, nice, try Donald, but there's
Speaker 3: no immunity. The Court of Appeals said, nice, try, Donald,
Speaker 3: no immunity. But then the US Supreme Court, as you know,
Speaker 3: took up the case and in July, Supreme Court said, actually,
Speaker 3: there is some immunity if a president is performing his
Speaker 3: official constitutional duties. So the High Court sent it back
Speaker 3: to the trial court for the judge there to sort
Speaker 3: out which allegations against Trump were official duties and which
Speaker 3: were just personal things. So to create two buckets and
Speaker 3: you put all the thirty allegations against Trump, you know,
Speaker 3: ten of them personal, twenty official whatever. That is the
Speaker 3: background of yesterday's filing by Special Counsel Smith. His argument
Speaker 3: was Donald Trump wasn't doing anything official, he was just
Speaker 3: trying to overturn the election. And so yeah, now we're
Speaker 3: going to hear Donald trump side of the story.
Speaker 2: Why was this made public? Was that the judge's discretion.
Speaker 3: Yeah, something like this, where you have sensitive material that
Speaker 3: involves an investigations by the Department of Justice, it normally
Speaker 3: is sealed, and it was. But then the defense or
Speaker 3: the prosecution said, hey, your you know, acquiring minds, you
Speaker 3: want to know, why don't we just reveal this. This
Speaker 3: isn't too sensitive, and the judge recently said, yeah, let's
Speaker 3: reveal it. And of course that led to some criticism because,
Speaker 3: as you know, there's this sort of informal it's an
Speaker 3: unwritten rule, but it's a sixty day rule. This is
Speaker 3: the Department of Justice shall not do anything that might
Speaker 3: interfere with an election. So you know, you're not supposed
Speaker 3: to indict people within a couple of months of an election.
Speaker 3: You're not supposed to take big investigative steps. So you
Speaker 3: could argue this violates the rule, but it's a little squishy.
Speaker 3: First of all, it's just an unwritten rule, and also
Speaker 3: it doesn't really necessarily apply to stuff that goes on
Speaker 3: after an indictment. Of course, here Trump was indicted long ago.
Speaker 3: So yeah, there's contra he as to whether the unsealing
Speaker 3: of this thirty four days over the election was brazenly political,
Speaker 3: but you know, both sides will have their take on that.
Speaker 1: We're talking with ABC's legal analyst Royal Oaks about this
Speaker 1: new filing in the January sixth case against former President Trump.
Speaker 1: Was there anything in here that you saw that surprised
Speaker 1: you or was different than what we've already known about
Speaker 1: this case.
Speaker 3: Well, it sounds more inflammatory than what we knew before.
Speaker 3: For example, it was a helicopter flight with Trump and
Speaker 3: his family after the election, and an Oval Office aid
Speaker 3: overheard Trump saying to his family, it doesn't matter if
Speaker 3: you want or lost the election, You'll still have to
Speaker 3: fight like hell. So Jacksmith points that out to show that,
Speaker 3: you know, this isn't his official duties. He's just trying
Speaker 3: to desperately claim to power. Plus, there was an aid
Speaker 3: that told Donald Trump, hey, Vice President Mike Pence is
Speaker 3: in peril with the rioting on Capitol Hill is escalated,
Speaker 3: He's in danger. Allegedly, Donald Trump looked at him and said,
Speaker 3: so what. So then there was a Trump's Twitter account
Speaker 3: who was open and active the entire afternoon on January sixth.
Speaker 3: People are storming in the Capitol and Trump allegedly did
Speaker 3: nothing to try to stop them. So these are some
Speaker 3: of the things that were in Smith's filing well. For example,
Speaker 3: also Trump was mocking his own lawyers claims about election traud,
Speaker 3: calling them crazy. So again, a lot of this sounds familiar,
Speaker 3: sounds like what we heard before. But Smith is really
Speaker 3: doing this in order to convince this judge to put
Speaker 3: all this stuff in the personal bucket, not the official bucket.
Speaker 3: And of course, as you know, Gary, it was controversial
Speaker 3: for Chief Justice Roberts. He really kind of rammed this
Speaker 3: through the court. He wrote the opinion. He was concerned
Speaker 3: about the weaponization of the legal system, having biased prosecutors
Speaker 3: and judges go after politicians, and a lot of people
Speaker 3: are concerned about that. But in response, he carved out
Speaker 3: this new immunity that we'd never seen before. So he
Speaker 3: created a rule that a lot of people criticize. For example,
Speaker 3: an official act in the constitution, you're totally immune if
Speaker 3: you do an official act. Well, official act is pardoning
Speaker 3: somebody or appointing an ambassador. What if you appoint an
Speaker 3: ambassador or pardon somebody based on a bribe, Well, according
Speaker 3: to Robert's opinion, you can't be prosecuted. Well, the answer is, well,
Speaker 3: you could be impeached, or maybe we change the constitution
Speaker 3: to say if you partner somebody based on a bribe,
Speaker 3: then the partner is null and void. But it's a
Speaker 3: messy situation when you try to carve out immunity for
Speaker 3: something that most people would hear about and say that's
Speaker 3: really bad. Maybe it should be a crime.
Speaker 2: Does this thing ever go into a courtroom?
Speaker 3: Well, in the time, and of course is so important,
Speaker 3: and as you know, you followed this carefully. Four criminal
Speaker 3: cases filed way back in the early twenty twenty three,
Speaker 3: middle of twenty twenty only the Stormy Daniels one went
Speaker 3: to trial. The others who'd just gotten bollocked up. The
Speaker 3: judge in Florida dismissed it. So the bottom line is
Speaker 3: that if Trump wins, of course the case, we'll keep
Speaker 3: going until January twenty, at which point he will say
Speaker 3: in his inaugural address, thanks for coming. By the way,
Speaker 3: I'm dismissing those cases against me, and I'm barding myself
Speaker 3: and all my friends. Now let's get into the you know,
Speaker 3: ask not for what you can do through your country
Speaker 3: and so on. If he loses, it's going to be
Speaker 3: full steam ahead. You can bet that President Kamala Harris
Speaker 3: is going to give her blessing to Jack Smith to
Speaker 3: keep going full steam ahead, to try to pursue Donald
Speaker 3: Trumbunnelly in the Washington DC case, but try to get
Speaker 3: the appellate court to reinstate the Mano Lago case down
Speaker 3: in Florida, which is, you know, the judge dumped because
Speaker 3: she said Jack Smith was illegally appointed.
Speaker 1: Right, all right, Well, I can't wait to go through
Speaker 1: the other one hundred and five pages that I haven't
Speaker 1: yet finished, So Royal, thank you appreciate it.
Speaker 2: You bet, thanks Royal Oaks.
Speaker 1: There, ABC News legal analysts, we come back Strange science. Oh,
Speaker 1: and a couple more follow ups to the people who
Speaker 1: have been tracking their own partners using their phones.
Speaker 2: We were talking earlier. Oh, Jacob, this is half for
Speaker 2: you and half for me. I think, hey, carry I
Speaker 2: happen to love your bumper music. Thank you.
Speaker 5: Maybe that's why the wife left.
Speaker 2: You, because you have no taste in music. Have a
Speaker 2: good day bye. I feel like there's some mixed signals
Speaker 2: in there.
Speaker 3: I don't know.
Speaker 2: I think that's all you. You think that's just for me.
Speaker 2: Remember you choose all the bumper music.
Speaker 1: Ah, that is true. I do choose all the bumper
Speaker 1: music every single day. And that's why my wife left me, apparently.
Speaker 1: So we were discussing earlier about the dilemma maybe between
Speaker 1: some couples about whether or not you want to track
Speaker 1: each other's geographic location using your phone.
Speaker 6: And you're talking about tracking your partners. We have been
Speaker 6: together twenty four years and we finally decided to spend
Speaker 6: some money on some iPhones. I asked my wife, whould
Speaker 6: you like to track me? She started laughing at me
Speaker 6: the day she said, the day I turned on her tracker,
Speaker 6: she's going to divorce me.
Speaker 7: My nephew put a checker on my sister's phone so
Speaker 7: you would know when she was coming home, so he
Speaker 7: and his girlfriend could stop doing whatever they are doing.
Speaker 8: Love the show, Like, alright, Gary, I'm not tracking my wife.
Speaker 8: I'm tracking my wife's phone in case it gets stolen again.
Speaker 8: Have a great day, goodbye.
Speaker 1: I tracked myself to make sure that I'm on work
Speaker 1: on time and at home on time.
Speaker 2: I can know where I'm at at all the time.
Speaker 2: It's very good. It's Thursday, and it's time for strange science.
Speaker 2: Strange it's like weird science, but strange.
Speaker 1: So in the natural world, there is something called diapause.
Speaker 1: I think I'm saying that correctly. It's a biological tenacity,
Speaker 1: ingenuity that's necessary for survival. It's not exclusive to to
Speaker 1: the story of all of our life, all of life,
Speaker 1: I should say, on our planet. But some individual species,
Speaker 1: even individual organisms, have some adaptations that would allow them
Speaker 1: to continue their genetic lineage despite natural hardships that occur.
Speaker 1: Diapause is one way that that's described, and scientists would
Speaker 1: tell you an example of it the delaying of pregnancy.
Speaker 1: For example, sometimes creatures can delay a pregnancy until the
Speaker 1: conditions are the best they can be to carry something
Speaker 1: to full term and actually birthen offspring. So a fertilized
Speaker 1: embryo would actually temporarily hold off implanting in the wall
Speaker 1: of an animal's uterus until the conditions are just right.
Speaker 1: And again that's called diapause, basically slowing down biological processes
Speaker 1: until the conditions are better or best. A lot of
Speaker 1: mammals can do this, and according to a new that
Speaker 1: was published in the journal Cell, humans might be able
Speaker 1: to do that with a little bit of help. Also,
Speaker 1: according to this press release that came out, they said
Speaker 1: human stem cells and stem cell based blastocyst models called
Speaker 1: blastoids might be the key to that pause button. They
Speaker 1: said if researchers inhibited a series of chemical reactions known
Speaker 1: as the m tore signaling pathway, the stem cells and
Speaker 1: blastoids would then go into a state with that was
Speaker 1: extremely similar to diapause, and it would even would even
Speaker 1: only work within a certain phase of development, just like
Speaker 1: that diapause does. On top of it all, everything is reversible.
Speaker 1: So if they were able to block those chemical reactions,
Speaker 1: in there, the stem cells and blastoids go into diapause,
Speaker 1: but once that pathway is uninhibited, they take it away.
Speaker 1: Everything goes back to no normal and development proceeds as
Speaker 1: if nothing had ever happened. So, according to this test,
Speaker 1: human pregnancies could even enter that diapause like state if
Speaker 1: it's properly introduced induced. I should say the potential could
Speaker 1: be a vestige of the evolutionary process that we no
Speaker 1: longer make use of. But they're talking about the potential
Speaker 1: serious benefits. Could you imagine obviously reproductive health treatments IVF.
Speaker 1: But on the other hand, could you could work on
Speaker 1: different ways of healing specific parts of the body, overcoming
Speaker 1: disease in different parts of the body simply by turning
Speaker 1: off the ongoing mechanism. Just stop in the little pendulum
Speaker 1: that goes on the Grandfather clock before you want to
Speaker 1: start it again. Scientists have also, after a decade, been
Speaker 1: unable to unveil a fly brain in stunning detail. Now previously,
Speaker 1: a worm brain with just three hundred and eighty five
Speaker 1: neurons was the only adult animal to have its brain
Speaker 1: entirely reconstructed mapped out via computer. Three hundred and eighty
Speaker 1: five neurons. A fruit fly brain has one hundred and
Speaker 1: forty thousand neurons, and a human brain has about eighty
Speaker 1: six billion, so we got a ways to go for
Speaker 1: that one. But in this case, they say they have
Speaker 1: mapped out the nervous system and brain of Drosophola mel gaster, which,
Speaker 1: if you remember from science class, is the common fruit fly.
Speaker 1: They started this more than ten years ago, and what
Speaker 1: they did was they dunked the brain about the size
Speaker 1: of a poppy seed by the way of an adult fly,
Speaker 1: in a chemical bath, and it hardens it into a block.
Speaker 1: And then they shave very very very thin layers of
Speaker 1: that block and use a microscope to take pictures of it.
Speaker 1: They shave another layer, they take a new picture, They
Speaker 1: shave another layer, they take a new picture. They did
Speaker 1: seven thousand sections of this brain, again about the size
Speaker 1: of a poppy seed, seven thousand sections of it, came
Speaker 1: up with twenty one million pictures, and then developed software
Speaker 1: to interpret the images and recognize the cross sections of
Speaker 1: neurons in each picture and then stack them into three
Speaker 1: D shapes of cells. So they now have a three
Speaker 1: D version specifically of that fly, of course, but of
Speaker 1: one hundred and forty thousand neurons that are packed together
Speaker 1: by more than four hundred and ninety feet of wiring,
Speaker 1: all within that tiny little flies head out in space.
Speaker 1: Pluto is the most famous dwarf planet, but there are
Speaker 1: others in our Solar System. And now they're saying that
Speaker 1: Series appears to be rich in water because it has
Speaker 1: plenty of ice. For years, Series confounded experts because it
Speaker 1: had this cratered surface, and they said these pits were
Speaker 1: too deep and too rigid to exist on a water world.
Speaker 1: They think they may not be a contradiction after all,
Speaker 1: because if they account for are a key ingredient, mud,
Speaker 1: lots and lots of mud. And again Series happens to
Speaker 1: be out in the main asteroid belt, although they call
Speaker 1: it a dwarf planet and not an asteroid. They said
Speaker 1: the previous thinking was that dwarf planets were icy, the
Speaker 1: craters would deform easily like glaciers that flow on Earth
Speaker 1: like gooey honey. But they said, in fact that this
Speaker 1: thing is loaded with ice, as much as ninety percent
Speaker 1: of it. Then they tested different crust scenarios and found
Speaker 1: out that the dirty ice could keep the crust from
Speaker 1: flowing over billions of years, and that it would gradually
Speaker 1: get muddier with less frozen at lower depths. So we're
Speaker 1: in the middle of strange science and we're talking about
Speaker 1: what's going on with the world of science. But first
Speaker 1: I want to get into this. I mentioned the toilet
Speaker 1: paper shortages that have been rumored in certain places and
Speaker 1: why they don't make any sense. We produce toilet paper
Speaker 1: in the United States, the vast majority of it, so
Speaker 1: it doesn't have to be shipped in so it's not
Speaker 1: affected by the port striker.
Speaker 8: Hey, Gary, I'm a warehouse broker out in the Inland Empire.
Speaker 8: As to this toilet paper thing, there's about six hundred
Speaker 8: thousand square feet of toilet paper manufacturing facilities in the
Speaker 8: Ontario area.
Speaker 2: Just stop it, guys, Yeah, I agree, just stop it,
Speaker 2: all right.
Speaker 1: Some piracy gave Mount Everest a growth spurt recently. There's
Speaker 1: a tributary of the Kosey River network, the Aurun River
Speaker 1: flows right near Mount Everest. Thousands of years ago, they
Speaker 1: said the theft of the urn led to geological changes
Speaker 1: that boosted the height of Mount Everest. The thousands of
Speaker 1: years ago, this river ate a smaller river and gave
Speaker 1: an unexpected boost to the height of it. Right now,
Speaker 1: we know eight eight hundred and forty eight point eighty
Speaker 1: six meters, that's over twenty nine thousand feet above sea level.
Speaker 1: Fifty million years ago, a couple of slabs of the
Speaker 1: earth crusts come together in slow motion. That causes these
Speaker 1: rocks to rise and we get a twenty nine thousand
Speaker 1: foot high mountain. Everest is the highest of those mountains
Speaker 1: by over eight hundred feet. The ancient collision is still
Speaker 1: lifting the Himalayas, but they said GPS measurements showed that
Speaker 1: Everest is growing at a rate of about two millimeters
Speaker 1: per year rather than the expected one millimeter per year,
Speaker 1: and that they blame about eighty nine thousand years ago
Speaker 1: the Cozy River in the Himalayas, capturing part of a tributary,
Speaker 1: the Aarun River. They call it river piracy and sets
Speaker 1: in motion a chain of geological events that reshape the landscape.
Speaker 1: With a downstream flow that was strengthened by that piracy,
Speaker 1: the Cozy River system began eroding more rock from the
Speaker 1: valleys below Everest, and as the rock crumbles away, other
Speaker 1: parts are lifted up to compensate for the loss. Hence
Speaker 1: the two millimeter per year growth. Couple of ancient digs
Speaker 1: in Europe have unveiled some interesting things below the earth.
Speaker 1: Archaeologists have onearthed more than fifty exceptionally well preserved skeletons
Speaker 1: in a very large Viking area era I should say,
Speaker 1: burial ground in the eastern part of the Netherlands. A
Speaker 1: team from a museum spent the last six months excavating
Speaker 1: this site. They said it's about twenty one thousand square
Speaker 1: feet or so is thought to date back to the
Speaker 1: ninth and tenth centuries. The skeletons were buried along artifacts
Speaker 1: from far beyond the borders of Denmark, suggesting that the
Speaker 1: Vikings traveled extensively for trade. According to the team at
Speaker 1: the museum, and they also said interestingly, the bones are
Speaker 1: in a very good state of preservation. They said, often
Speaker 1: when they excavate bodies from the Viking Age, they're lucky
Speaker 1: if there's just a few teeth. But it's the conditions
Speaker 1: at the site, a lot of chalk in the ground
Speaker 1: which helps preserve the bones, and a lot of natural
Speaker 1: water in the ground as well, which slows down the
Speaker 1: decomposition of the bones. Also in Europe, they said they
Speaker 1: found a massive battle ground and an arrowhead that perforated
Speaker 1: an ancient skull in the Tolenz Valley in northeast Germany.
Speaker 1: An amateur archaeologist spotted a bone sticking out of the
Speaker 1: riverbank back in nineteen ninety six, so that started a
Speaker 1: series of sight excavations that has since shown the thousands
Speaker 1: of bones, hundreds of weapons preserved by that undisturbed environment
Speaker 1: in that Tolenz Valley. The thing is there was a
Speaker 1: there was a huge battle based on what they found,
Speaker 1: a huge battle about three two hundred and fifty years ago.
Speaker 1: They don't know who was there at the time, so
Speaker 1: they don't know why this fight occurred or who it
Speaker 1: was that was fighting in it. And they compared arrowheads,
Speaker 1: for example, some of which are still embedded in the
Speaker 1: remains of the fall, and like I said, in the skull,
Speaker 1: and many of those weapons were locally produced, some that
Speaker 1: bore different shapes came from a region that now includes
Speaker 1: modern Bavaria and Moravia. But they said that there were
Speaker 1: some other arrows. They said it may have been a
Speaker 1: Southern army that clashed with those local tribes in that valley.
Speaker 1: All based on the stones that made up the arrowheads,
Speaker 1: and just the shape of the arrowheads, the way that
Speaker 1: they were produced. And then finally, this is a good
Speaker 1: absolute science nerd story. The medallion that contained some of
Speaker 1: the original mold that was involved in the discovery of
Speaker 1: penicillin is expected to go up for auction and get
Speaker 1: somewhere over fifty thousand dollars. Again, it's just the little
Speaker 1: medallion probably fit in the palmier hand. Was created and
Speaker 1: inscribed by Scottish bacteriologists Alexander Fleming in the course of
Speaker 1: one of the most pivotal discoveries in medical history. He
Speaker 1: stumbled across penicillin, the world's first antibiotic, because he left
Speaker 1: a stack of staff cultures next to an open window
Speaker 1: while he was on vacation back in nineteen twenty eight,
Speaker 1: and when he got back from vacation, the cultures were
Speaker 1: contaminated by an airborne mold there, and before disposing of
Speaker 1: the cultures, he saw that the mold had actually prevented
Speaker 1: normal growth by the staff. He created a medallion as
Speaker 1: a gift for his niece. He inscribed it with the
Speaker 1: message the mold that made penicillin and then signed it.
Speaker 1: Alexander Fleming expected to get somewhere around fifty thousand dollars
Speaker 1: in an online auction when it goes up later this month.
Speaker 1: You've been listening to The Gary and Shannon Show. You
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