WEBVTT 1 00:00:01.960 --> 00:00:07.000 Welcome to the Occult Reject's first video documentary. In this documentary, 2 00:00:07.200 --> 00:00:10.519 we will be covering Old Saint Patrick's Cathedral and catacombs, 3 00:00:11.279 --> 00:00:15.160 located in Little Italy, New York City. It is Manhattan's 4 00:00:15.160 --> 00:00:19.839 only Catholic catacombs and cemetery. For over two hundred years, 5 00:00:19.839 --> 00:00:22.600 the grounds of Old Saint Patrick's Basilica has been used 6 00:00:22.640 --> 00:00:26.399 as a final resting place for the faithfully departed. Within 7 00:00:26.440 --> 00:00:32.000 the basilica cemetery and underground catacombs, bishops rest alongside many 8 00:00:32.039 --> 00:00:36.880 prominent New York Catholics and clergy. There are now thirty 9 00:00:36.880 --> 00:00:40.399 three family vaults, each with eight to twelve people in them, 10 00:00:40.840 --> 00:00:45.479 five priests and two bishops in the catacombs. The cornerstone 11 00:00:45.479 --> 00:00:47.960 of the New York City's first cathedral was set in 12 00:00:48.000 --> 00:00:50.840 place on June eighth, eighteen o nine, and for the 13 00:00:50.880 --> 00:00:53.280 most of the nineteenth century it served as a center 14 00:00:53.359 --> 00:00:57.399 of religious and social activity for the rapidly growing Catholic 15 00:00:57.479 --> 00:03:43.080 Church in America. 16 00:02:25.879 --> 00:03:49.080 As you walk past the gates that lead to the 17 00:03:49.120 --> 00:03:52.120 church entrance, you are welcomed by a statue of John Hughes. 18 00:03:52.800 --> 00:03:55.479 John Hughes was named Bishop of the Basilica in eighteen 19 00:03:55.520 --> 00:03:58.960 thirty eight and first Archbishop of New York. Hughes was 20 00:03:58.960 --> 00:04:01.599 a pioneer during the waves of Catholic immigration in the 21 00:04:01.680 --> 00:04:06.759 eighteen forties, establishing Roman Catholic social outreach organizations, helping to 22 00:04:06.840 --> 00:04:10.800 establish the tradition of charitable organizations in the United States. 23 00:04:11.240 --> 00:04:14.080 He even founded Saint John's College, which would later become 24 00:04:14.120 --> 00:04:18.319 known as Fordham University. A native of Ireland, he was 25 00:04:18.399 --> 00:04:21.480 born and raised in Augur in the South County Tyrone. 26 00:04:21.920 --> 00:04:25.360 He emigrated to the United States in eighteen seventeen, became 27 00:04:25.399 --> 00:04:27.720 a priest in eighteen twenty six, and a bishop in 28 00:04:27.759 --> 00:04:31.480 eighteen thirty eight. He was regarded as the best known, 29 00:04:31.720 --> 00:04:35.000 if not exactly the best loved Catholic bishop in the country. 30 00:04:35.879 --> 00:04:39.279 He became known as Dagger John, both for his following 31 00:04:39.319 --> 00:04:42.439 the Catholic practice wherein a bishop precedes his signature with 32 00:04:42.480 --> 00:04:45.519 a cross, as well as for his aggressive personality. 33 00:04:47.079 --> 00:04:49.480 As you can see, behind the statue of John on 34 00:04:49.519 --> 00:04:53.319 the cemetery fence, you have a few plaques. The first 35 00:04:53.360 --> 00:04:56.800 one is for Laurentius to Pont. Laurentius to Ponds hadn 36 00:04:56.879 --> 00:05:00.000 enormous funeral ceremony held in New York's Old Saint Patrick 37 00:05:00.199 --> 00:05:04.199 Cathedral on Mulberry Street. He was not buried there, though 38 00:05:05.120 --> 00:05:10.879 he was an Italian later American opera librettist, poet, and 39 00:05:11.000 --> 00:05:15.240 Roman Catholic priest. He wrote the Liberty for twenty eight 40 00:05:15.240 --> 00:05:20.759 operas by eleven composers, including three of Mozart's most celebrated operas, 41 00:05:21.079 --> 00:05:26.439 The Marriage of Figaro Don Giovanni and Cosi fan Tutti. 42 00:05:27.240 --> 00:05:30.199 He was the first professor of Italian literature at Columbia 43 00:05:30.319 --> 00:05:34.279 University and, along with Manuel Garcia, the first to introduce 44 00:05:34.319 --> 00:05:39.079 the Italian opera to America. DuPont was also a close 45 00:05:39.120 --> 00:05:41.199 friend of Mozart and Casanova. 46 00:05:42.120 --> 00:05:44.600 Then we have a plaque here for the Knights of Columbus. 47 00:05:44.720 --> 00:05:48.240 As written on the plaque is the Basilica of Saint 48 00:05:48.319 --> 00:05:52.639 Patrick's Old Cathedral. Gratefully acknowledges the Knights of Columbus Supreme 49 00:05:52.759 --> 00:05:56.040 Council for their support of the Archbishop John J. Hughes 50 00:05:56.079 --> 00:06:00.560 Memorial and the two hundredth anniversary of the old Cathedral. 51 00:06:00.680 --> 00:06:03.199 And for the last plaque, we have the ancient Order 52 00:06:03.360 --> 00:06:08.680 of Hibernians. Written on the plaque is the Basilica of 53 00:06:08.720 --> 00:06:12.920 Saint Patrick's Old Cathedral. Gratefully acknowledges the Friendly Sons of 54 00:06:12.959 --> 00:06:16.399 Saint Patrick of Morris County, New Jersey and the Ancient 55 00:06:16.639 --> 00:06:20.600 Order of Hibernians of New York County for the creation 56 00:06:20.720 --> 00:06:24.480 of the Archbishop John J. Hughes Memorial on the two 57 00:06:24.560 --> 00:06:28.800 hundredth anniversary of the Old Cathedral. A little bit about 58 00:06:28.839 --> 00:06:32.480 the Order. The Ancient Order of Hibernians has a strong 59 00:06:32.639 --> 00:06:37.000 historical connection to Saint Patrick's Old Cathedral. The Order is 60 00:06:37.040 --> 00:06:42.319 an Irish Catholic fraternal organization. Members must be male, Catholic 61 00:06:42.399 --> 00:06:46.160 and either born in Ireland or of Irish descent. Its 62 00:06:46.240 --> 00:06:49.079 largest membership is in the United States, where it was 63 00:06:49.120 --> 00:06:53.319 founded in New York City in eighteen thirty six. The 64 00:06:53.439 --> 00:06:55.839 name was adopted by groups of Irish immigrants in the 65 00:06:55.920 --> 00:06:59.319 United States. Its purpose was to act as guards to 66 00:06:59.399 --> 00:07:02.879 shield Cathol churches from anti Catholic forces in the mid 67 00:07:03.000 --> 00:07:09.120 nineteenth century and to assist Irish Catholic immigrants. Anti Catholic 68 00:07:09.240 --> 00:07:12.399 rioting in eighteen forty four posed a serious physical threat 69 00:07:12.439 --> 00:07:15.600 to the Church, which Bishop John Hughes met with the 70 00:07:15.639 --> 00:07:20.879 assistance of armed Irish organizations like the Ancient Order of Hibernians. 71 00:07:21.839 --> 00:07:24.920 Their headquarters were adjacent to the church campus at forty 72 00:07:24.959 --> 00:07:29.720 two Prince Street. In the eighteen fifties, the Order helped 73 00:07:29.759 --> 00:07:33.279 in defending the church against desecration by the anti Catholic 74 00:07:33.560 --> 00:07:37.839 Nativists by forming a blockade around the cemetery walls of 75 00:07:37.879 --> 00:07:42.839 the church. The Manhattan County Board of the AOH still 76 00:07:42.879 --> 00:07:46.360 hold their monthly meetings in the parish house of Saint 77 00:07:46.399 --> 00:07:50.399 Patrick's Old Cathedral. Now, if you turn to the right, 78 00:07:51.040 --> 00:07:53.480 there is another plaque on the church wall that is 79 00:07:53.560 --> 00:07:57.439 dedicated to the Ancient Order of Hibernians. And on the 80 00:07:57.439 --> 00:08:00.759 plaque it says, erected to the memory of the members 81 00:08:00.839 --> 00:08:03.639 of the Ancient Order of Hibernians of the City of 82 00:08:03.680 --> 00:08:07.480 New York, who, liked their Irish fathers of old, were 83 00:08:07.519 --> 00:08:10.759 ready to sacrifice their lives for religious freedom and the 84 00:08:10.839 --> 00:08:14.680 right to worship God as their conscience dictated, and who 85 00:08:15.079 --> 00:08:18.360 in April eighteen forty four, at the whole of the 86 00:08:18.399 --> 00:08:23.120 most Reverend John Hughes, first Archbishop of New York rallied 87 00:08:23.120 --> 00:08:26.560 to the defense of this cathedral when it was threatened 88 00:08:26.600 --> 00:08:31.439 with destruction by the forces of bigotry and intolerance. Our fathers, 89 00:08:32.000 --> 00:08:35.279 chained in prisons dark were still in the heart and 90 00:08:35.320 --> 00:08:40.639 conscious free. How sweet would be their children's fate if they, 91 00:08:40.840 --> 00:08:44.799 like them, could die for thee faith of our fathers, 92 00:08:45.200 --> 00:08:49.039 Holy faith. We will be true to THEE till death. 93 00:08:50.440 --> 00:08:53.120 This tablet is erected by the members of the Ancient 94 00:08:53.240 --> 00:08:56.159 Order of Hibernians of the County of New York in 95 00:08:56.240 --> 00:08:59.720 connection with the centennial celebration of the Order, as a 96 00:08:59.759 --> 00:09:03.320 true tribute to the devotion of its members to Holy 97 00:09:03.399 --> 00:09:07.639 Mother Church and to those principles of religious freedom which 98 00:09:07.720 --> 00:09:14.000 form the cornerstone of American liberty. And now we will 99 00:09:14.000 --> 00:09:20.919 head over to the cemetery. The graveyard underwent its final 100 00:09:20.960 --> 00:09:24.799 expansion to its present size in August eighteen twenty four. 101 00:09:25.559 --> 00:09:28.799 Prayers were offered in the Irish Gaelic language by Reverend 102 00:09:28.840 --> 00:09:32.720 Michael O'Gorman at a public Vespers ceremony in the graveyard. 103 00:09:33.320 --> 00:09:37.200 Vesper's just means an evening Christian ceremony. To give you 104 00:09:37.240 --> 00:09:40.240 an idea of how rural Manhattan was at the time. 105 00:09:40.679 --> 00:09:42.960 There was a fox that was caught in the churchyard 106 00:09:43.159 --> 00:09:45.000 not long after completion. 107 00:09:46.879 --> 00:09:49.240 And here we will cover some of the notable people 108 00:09:49.360 --> 00:09:54.240 buried in the church cemetery. Patrick Neelis He was a 109 00:09:54.320 --> 00:10:00.679 veteran of the American Revolutionary War, John Michael O'Connor. He 110 00:10:00.840 --> 00:10:03.279 entered the U. S Army in eighteen twelve as a 111 00:10:03.320 --> 00:10:07.759 first Lieutenant of artillery, rising to assistant a Judent General 112 00:10:07.879 --> 00:10:09.879 in the Northern Army with the rank of major in 113 00:10:09.919 --> 00:10:14.399 eighteen fourteen. He was honorably discharged in June eighteen fifteen 114 00:10:14.519 --> 00:10:17.480 and reinstated six months later as a Captain of Infantry. 115 00:10:18.080 --> 00:10:20.679 He left the army for good in June eighteen twenty one. 116 00:10:21.360 --> 00:10:24.080 He corresponded with James Madison a lot. They seemed to 117 00:10:24.080 --> 00:10:24.639 be friends. 118 00:10:25.639 --> 00:10:29.360 Andrew Morris he served as an assistant alderman of New 119 00:10:29.440 --> 00:10:32.399 York's First Ward and also served in the New York 120 00:10:32.440 --> 00:10:36.240 State Assembly. He was founding trustee of Saint Peter's Church 121 00:10:36.399 --> 00:10:41.120 in Saint Patrick's Old Cathedral. Morris emigrated from Ireland to 122 00:10:41.240 --> 00:10:45.159 New York from one of the fourteen merchant families known 123 00:10:45.279 --> 00:10:48.600 as the Tribes of Galway. He served on the building 124 00:10:48.600 --> 00:10:51.320 committee of the cathedral and was a major contributor of 125 00:10:51.360 --> 00:10:54.720 funds for the building of both Saint Peter's and Saint Patrick's. 126 00:10:55.600 --> 00:10:58.360 He also purchased the property on which the new Saint 127 00:10:58.440 --> 00:11:04.080 Patrick's Cathedral was built Francis Cooper. His election forced the 128 00:11:04.159 --> 00:11:07.799 changing of state law in eighteen oh three forbidding Catholics 129 00:11:07.799 --> 00:11:10.279 from holding public office in New York State. 130 00:11:11.519 --> 00:11:14.919 Gregory Dillon, he was a founding president of the Emigrant 131 00:11:14.960 --> 00:11:18.799 Industrial Savings Bank, captain in the U. S. Army in 132 00:11:18.840 --> 00:11:21.320 the War of eighteen twelve, an Irish immigrant, and co 133 00:11:21.399 --> 00:11:27.240 founder of the Irish Immigrant Society. Charlotte Melmus. She was 134 00:11:27.279 --> 00:11:30.559 a well known Shakespearean stage actor of the eighteenth and 135 00:11:30.600 --> 00:11:34.720 early nineteenth century, largely known for her performance as Lady Macbeth. 136 00:11:35.279 --> 00:11:38.399 She was a personal friend of Benjamin Franklin. In her 137 00:11:38.480 --> 00:11:41.399 later years, after giving up stage acting in eighteen twelve, 138 00:11:41.480 --> 00:11:44.759 she taught English elocution, and she also ran a boarding 139 00:11:44.759 --> 00:11:48.480 house and school in Red Hook, Brooklyn. Her pupils included 140 00:11:48.559 --> 00:11:51.799 children from some of the wealthiest and best known Brooklyn families, 141 00:11:52.240 --> 00:12:00.279 including the Cornells, Pierpoints, Cuttings, Jackson's and Lucuer families. John mccluchski, 142 00:12:00.519 --> 00:12:03.360 later Cardinal Archbishop of New York, was also one of 143 00:12:03.360 --> 00:12:04.360 her pupils. 144 00:12:05.440 --> 00:12:08.799 Captain Pierre Delondei. He was captain of the U. S. 145 00:12:08.919 --> 00:12:12.600 Navy in the Revolutionary War. Originally a rear admiral in 146 00:12:12.639 --> 00:12:15.879 the French Navy. He fought along with John Paul Jones 147 00:12:15.879 --> 00:12:19.120 and the capture of the British ship Therapis, but was 148 00:12:19.159 --> 00:12:24.440 accused of insubordination in near treasonis sabotage of Jones's effort. 149 00:12:25.240 --> 00:12:27.720 For this reason, he was never awarded a pension by 150 00:12:27.720 --> 00:12:30.399 the US Congress, and he was forced to resign from 151 00:12:30.399 --> 00:12:33.960 the French and American Navy as a result. He protested 152 00:12:34.039 --> 00:12:36.639 until his death that he was innocent of the charges 153 00:12:36.679 --> 00:12:42.120 against him. Stephen Jumel he was a French merchant and 154 00:12:42.200 --> 00:12:46.440 planter who immigrated to America from Saint Dominic later renamed 155 00:12:46.600 --> 00:12:50.559 Haiti during the slave Revolt. In the seventeen nineties, he 156 00:12:50.600 --> 00:12:53.960 purchased the Moorish Jumel Mansion, which still stands today in 157 00:12:54.039 --> 00:12:58.039 Upper Manhattan. He was the first husband of Eliza Jammel, 158 00:12:58.320 --> 00:13:02.279 a Sociolite who later met married Aaron Burr, former US 159 00:13:02.480 --> 00:13:03.200 Vice President. 160 00:13:03.960 --> 00:13:07.120 Captain Joseph Lemetti he was an Italian immigrant from the 161 00:13:07.120 --> 00:13:10.000 city of Modena. He was captain in the U. S 162 00:13:10.120 --> 00:13:13.279 Army ninth Artillery in the War of eighteen twelve and 163 00:13:13.360 --> 00:13:16.360 had a memorial plaque placed at his grave in nineteen 164 00:13:16.440 --> 00:13:19.200 thirty by the General Society of the War of eighteen 165 00:13:19.240 --> 00:13:22.200 twelve in a large ceremony, but it has since been 166 00:13:22.240 --> 00:13:26.360 missing from the grave site for many years. Valentine Dairy, 167 00:13:26.600 --> 00:13:30.440 exiled from Ireland for his participation in the United Irishman's 168 00:13:30.480 --> 00:13:33.600 Rebellion in seventeen ninety eight, is also buried in the cemetery. 169 00:13:34.200 --> 00:13:37.279 He became a teacher of the classics at Erasmus Hall 170 00:13:37.360 --> 00:13:41.000 School in Flatbush, Brooklyn in eighteen o eight. He later 171 00:13:41.039 --> 00:13:44.159 opened his own academy in Newtown, Queens County. 172 00:13:45.000 --> 00:13:47.799 Charles de Vecchio, he was an officer in the first 173 00:13:47.879 --> 00:13:51.759 Roman Catholic Benevolent Society of New York in eighteen sixteen. 174 00:13:52.679 --> 00:13:55.200 He was also a generous supporter of the Roman Catholic 175 00:13:55.320 --> 00:13:59.759 Orphan Asylum in eighteen seventy. He was also a trustee 176 00:13:59.759 --> 00:14:01.519 of Saint Patrick's Old Cathedral. 177 00:14:02.039 --> 00:14:05.679 John G. Gottsberger and family. John was a merchant, wholesaler 178 00:14:05.720 --> 00:14:08.799 in wines and liquors and distiller of cordials. He was 179 00:14:08.840 --> 00:14:11.440 a member of the Friends of Freedom of Education Carol 180 00:14:11.480 --> 00:14:14.360 Hall group that met and ran candidates in November eighteen 181 00:14:14.399 --> 00:14:17.200 forty one for the New York State Senate. He ran 182 00:14:17.240 --> 00:14:20.279 for State Senate on Bishop Hughes's Carol Hall ticket during 183 00:14:20.279 --> 00:14:23.759 the public school controversy in eighteen forty one. In two 184 00:14:23.759 --> 00:14:27.240 different atlases, it shows Gottsberger owning the property the Lincoln 185 00:14:27.360 --> 00:14:30.120 Arcade was built on. He is buried in a large 186 00:14:30.200 --> 00:14:32.679 underground family vault in the churchyard. 187 00:14:32.200 --> 00:14:36.799 Cemetery Daniel Keelin. He was one of the original twenty 188 00:14:36.840 --> 00:14:40.200 two Catholics who petitioned the French Consulate to open the 189 00:14:40.240 --> 00:15:06.200 first Catholic church in New York City. And now we 190 00:15:06.240 --> 00:15:13.279 will make our way to inside the church, and now 191 00:15:13.279 --> 00:15:16.440 getting into the history of old Saint Patrick's Church. It 192 00:15:16.519 --> 00:15:19.480 was the first cathedral church for the Diocese of New York, 193 00:15:20.039 --> 00:15:23.000 created in eighteen oh eight by Pope Pious the Seventh. 194 00:15:23.720 --> 00:15:26.679 It is also the second Catholic Church of Manhattan and 195 00:15:26.799 --> 00:15:30.360 third Catholic church in Earl of New York State. It 196 00:15:30.399 --> 00:15:32.919 was designed by the same architect who designed New York 197 00:15:32.919 --> 00:15:38.840 City Hall, Joseph Francis Manjen. It was the largest Catholic 198 00:15:38.960 --> 00:15:41.399 church in the United States once it was completed in 199 00:15:41.480 --> 00:15:45.879 eighteen fifteen. It was the site of the first classical 200 00:15:45.879 --> 00:15:49.120 school for boys in New York, named the New York 201 00:15:49.200 --> 00:15:54.720 Literary Institution. The institution was founded by Jesuit Anthony Coleman 202 00:15:55.120 --> 00:15:59.759 in eighteen oh eight. Father Anthony Coleman brought with him 203 00:15:59.799 --> 00:16:03.679 to New York five additional Jesuits, a priest in four 204 00:16:03.720 --> 00:16:08.120 seminarians who opened the academy. Colman had hoped the school 205 00:16:08.120 --> 00:16:11.519 would develop into a full fledged Jesuit college. 206 00:16:14.720 --> 00:16:17.960 Reverend Bulger, who in eighteen twenty became the first priest 207 00:16:18.080 --> 00:16:21.039 ordained in New York City, and Reverend O'Gorman died in 208 00:16:21.080 --> 00:16:23.720 November eighteen twenty four within a week of each other, 209 00:16:23.799 --> 00:16:27.480 due to illnesses contracted while performing their parochial duties to 210 00:16:27.559 --> 00:16:32.120 the ill of the parish. John Connolly, the first resident 211 00:16:32.159 --> 00:16:35.720 bishop of the diocese, died the following January after contracting 212 00:16:35.759 --> 00:16:39.200 an illness while ministering to Bulgar and O'Gorman, his former 213 00:16:39.279 --> 00:16:45.200 roommates and assistants. New York City's oldest existing Catholic grammar 214 00:16:45.240 --> 00:16:49.480 school circa eighteen twenty six was Saint Patrick's Old Cathedral School. 215 00:16:49.639 --> 00:16:52.919 It was a Roman Catholic pre k through eighth grade school. 216 00:16:53.080 --> 00:16:55.360 It was one of the oldest schools in the Archdiocese 217 00:16:55.399 --> 00:16:58.080 of New York and in the city. It was founded 218 00:16:58.120 --> 00:17:00.720 by the Sisters of Charity and had a peak enrollment 219 00:17:00.759 --> 00:17:04.359 of approximately five hundred students Catholic and non Catholic alike. 220 00:17:05.319 --> 00:17:08.799 The Board of Trustees in eighteen thirty four said a 221 00:17:08.880 --> 00:17:11.920 wall shall be built around the cathedral and churchyard to 222 00:17:12.000 --> 00:17:14.839 protect both the graveyard and the church from the rioters 223 00:17:14.880 --> 00:17:18.519 bent on destruction due to anti Catholic sentiment in Manhattan 224 00:17:18.599 --> 00:17:19.240 at the time. 225 00:17:21.160 --> 00:17:24.279 Saint John Newman was the first United States bishop to 226 00:17:24.319 --> 00:17:27.759 be canonized. He was ordained at the Old Cathedral by 227 00:17:27.759 --> 00:17:33.319 Bishop Dubois in eighteen thirty six. A school building constructed 228 00:17:33.359 --> 00:17:36.119 on campus in eighteen thirty seven was the first building 229 00:17:36.200 --> 00:17:40.319 designed and built as a Catholic school in the city. Previously, 230 00:17:40.359 --> 00:17:45.480 schools had used church basements or repurposed buildings. Popeius the 231 00:17:45.599 --> 00:17:48.680 Ninth created the Archdiocese of New York in eighteen fifty, 232 00:17:49.119 --> 00:17:53.799 appointing John Hughes as archbishop. The Archdiocese of New York 233 00:17:53.839 --> 00:18:00.000 became the spiritual hub for maintaining allegiance to the Holy See. 234 00:18:00.119 --> 00:18:03.759 I destroyed the interior of the Old Cathedral on October sixth, 235 00:18:03.799 --> 00:18:08.160 eighteen sixty six. The old Cathedral was rebuilt and reopened 236 00:18:08.200 --> 00:18:12.599 on Saint Patrick's Day in eighteen sixty eight. In eighteen 237 00:18:12.680 --> 00:18:16.920 seventy five, John McCloskey was installed as the first American cardinal. 238 00:18:17.720 --> 00:18:20.359 He received the cardinal's hat in the rectory at two 239 00:18:20.440 --> 00:18:24.119 sixty three Mulberry Street, and then again in a second 240 00:18:24.200 --> 00:18:26.960 ceremony in the old Cathedral across the street. 241 00:18:28.880 --> 00:18:32.400 On May twenty fifth, eighteen seventy nine, Saint Patrick's Old 242 00:18:32.440 --> 00:18:35.599 Cathedral was supplanted as the seat of the Archdiocese of 243 00:18:35.640 --> 00:18:40.079 New York by the new Cathedral of Saint Patrick. General 244 00:18:40.119 --> 00:18:44.160 Thomas Eckert, personal friend and confidante of President Lincoln, was 245 00:18:44.200 --> 00:18:46.880 buried in an elaborate vault in the crypt beneath the 246 00:18:46.880 --> 00:18:52.799 old cathedral in nineteen ten. In nineteen thirty six, Saint 247 00:18:52.880 --> 00:18:56.519 Michael's Russian Catholic Church was established in the old chancery building. 248 00:18:57.119 --> 00:18:59.559 This is the first chapel to serve the Russian Catholic 249 00:18:59.559 --> 00:19:03.119 expat community in New York, which fled their homeland during 250 00:19:03.160 --> 00:19:08.960 the Russian Revolution. In nineteen sixty six, The old cathedral 251 00:19:09.000 --> 00:19:11.519 and associated buildings were among the first sites to be 252 00:19:11.599 --> 00:19:16.759 designated as New York City Landmarks. The school closed in 253 00:19:16.839 --> 00:19:19.759 June twenty ten due to low enrollment and is slated 254 00:19:19.799 --> 00:19:23.920 to be turned into luxury townhouses, condominiums, and office spaces. 255 00:19:26.240 --> 00:19:29.480 The old Cathedral campus complex was listed on the National 256 00:19:29.480 --> 00:19:33.240 Register of Historic Places in nineteen seventy seven, and the 257 00:19:33.279 --> 00:19:37.039 old cathedral was designated of basilica by His Holiness Pope 258 00:19:37.039 --> 00:19:40.559 Benedict the sixteenth on March seventeenth, twenty ten. 259 00:19:43.519 --> 00:19:45.279 As we enter the catacombs, here are some of the 260 00:19:45.359 --> 00:19:50.480 notable families and people entombed underneath the Basilica. The Venerable 261 00:19:50.559 --> 00:19:54.839 Pierre Toussin, formously from the French colony of Saint dominic 262 00:19:55.279 --> 00:19:57.960 He became a well known philanthropist to the poor of 263 00:19:57.960 --> 00:20:02.119 the city. Due to his devout and exemplary life. The 264 00:20:02.160 --> 00:20:05.640 Catholic Church has been investigating his life for possible canonization, 265 00:20:06.359 --> 00:20:09.559 and in nineteen ninety six he was declared venerable by 266 00:20:09.640 --> 00:20:14.599 Pope John Paul. The second. Toussant's remains removed from the 267 00:20:14.640 --> 00:20:17.720 north cemetery of Saint Patrick's Old Cathedral to the crypt 268 00:20:17.799 --> 00:20:21.519 below the main altar of Saint Patrick's Cathedral on Fifth 269 00:20:21.559 --> 00:20:26.160 Avenue in the late twentieth century. Credited as the de 270 00:20:26.279 --> 00:20:30.400 facto founder of Catholic Charities New York, Toussant is the 271 00:20:30.400 --> 00:20:32.759 first and only layman to be buried in the crypt 272 00:20:32.759 --> 00:20:36.400 below the main altar of the current Saint Patrick's Cathedral 273 00:20:36.640 --> 00:20:39.359 on Fifth Avenue. He owned the house on Franklin Street 274 00:20:39.799 --> 00:20:44.240 where the Toussants sheltered orphans enforceded numerous boys in succession. 275 00:20:45.440 --> 00:20:49.480 Toussant supported them in getting an education and learning a trade. 276 00:20:49.640 --> 00:20:52.640 He sometimes helped them get their first jobs through his 277 00:20:52.680 --> 00:20:56.920 connections in the city. Toucsant also helped raise money to 278 00:20:56.920 --> 00:21:01.319 build old Saint Patrick's Cathedral. Was also a benefactor of 279 00:21:01.359 --> 00:21:04.079 the first New York City Catholic school for black children 280 00:21:04.519 --> 00:21:07.480 at Saint Vincent Depot on Canal Street. 281 00:21:08.440 --> 00:21:13.039 Francis Delmonico and the Delmonico family founders of the hospitality 282 00:21:13.079 --> 00:21:15.839 industry in New York City and proprietor of one of 283 00:21:15.839 --> 00:21:20.480 New York's first fine dining establishments, Domonicos. The restaurant is 284 00:21:20.559 --> 00:21:23.960 known for offering an innovative menu that blended traditional European 285 00:21:23.960 --> 00:21:27.880 cuisine with American flavors, which quickly gained popularity among the 286 00:21:27.880 --> 00:21:33.839 city's elite. Delmonico soon became the go to destination for politicians, businessmen, 287 00:21:33.920 --> 00:21:38.359 and socialites, earning a reputation for its service, atmosphere, and dishes. 288 00:21:39.319 --> 00:21:42.319 Delmonico's catered to the likes of Mark Twain, as well 289 00:21:42.359 --> 00:21:44.960 as many other prominent New Yorkers that are buried in 290 00:21:45.000 --> 00:21:49.359 the catacombs. Delmonico's also played a significant role in shaping 291 00:21:49.400 --> 00:21:53.599 American cuisine. They introduced dishes that are now considered staples 292 00:21:53.599 --> 00:21:56.799 of American fine dining. The restaurant was famous for its 293 00:21:56.799 --> 00:22:02.200 signature dishes such as Delmonico Steak, Lobster American, and Baked Alaska. 294 00:22:02.759 --> 00:22:06.880 The Delmonico brothers were also pioneers in creating new culinary techniques, 295 00:22:07.160 --> 00:22:10.039 like the use of filet powder, a spice made from 296 00:22:10.119 --> 00:22:13.880 ground sassafras leaves, which added depth and complexity to their dishes. 297 00:22:14.559 --> 00:22:18.119 One of the most significant contributions delmonico made to American 298 00:22:18.160 --> 00:22:21.640 cuisine was the creation of the first formal dinner menu. 299 00:22:22.599 --> 00:22:25.799 Prior to the restaurant's opening, diners typically had to order 300 00:22:25.799 --> 00:22:28.680 from a limited selection of daily specials or a la 301 00:22:28.720 --> 00:22:33.359 carte options. Delmonico's introduced a comprehensive menu that offered a 302 00:22:33.480 --> 00:22:36.240 range of options, allowing people to choose from a variety 303 00:22:36.279 --> 00:22:37.759 of courses and dishes. 304 00:22:39.559 --> 00:22:43.640 Charles O'Connor, he was a legal counsel for the Archdiocese 305 00:22:43.720 --> 00:22:47.400 of New York. He was a first Catholic presidential nominee, 306 00:22:48.200 --> 00:22:51.000 known as a conservative Democrat in politics, and was a 307 00:22:51.000 --> 00:22:55.960 longtime friend of Samuel Tilden. He served as a delegate 308 00:22:56.000 --> 00:23:00.319 to the eighteen fifty two Democratic National Convention, the first 309 00:23:00.440 --> 00:23:03.039 United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York 310 00:23:03.400 --> 00:23:07.799 from eighteen fifty three to eighteen fifty four. In eighteen 311 00:23:07.880 --> 00:23:10.759 seventy one, O'Connor was among the New Yorkers who played 312 00:23:10.759 --> 00:23:13.839 a role in the overthrow of the corrupt political boss, 313 00:23:14.359 --> 00:23:19.160 William M. Tweed. He was nominated for president by the 314 00:23:19.200 --> 00:23:23.400 straight Out Democratic Party, with John Quincy Adams the Second 315 00:23:23.440 --> 00:23:26.519 as his running mate. O'Connor did not accept the nomination, 316 00:23:26.599 --> 00:23:29.599 but remained on the ballot and received the scattering of votes. 317 00:23:30.400 --> 00:23:34.119 Ulysses S. Grant won the election. He is buried in 318 00:23:34.160 --> 00:23:38.319 the Catacombs, but a large O'Connor cenotaph is present in 319 00:23:38.359 --> 00:23:42.599 the churchyard cemetery Thomas O'Connor. 320 00:23:42.880 --> 00:23:45.400 He was the second son of Charles O'Connor of Mount 321 00:23:45.400 --> 00:23:48.720 Allen and the grandson of the famed historian and antiquarian 322 00:23:48.839 --> 00:23:53.119 Charles O'Connor. The elder Charles wrote dissertations on the ancient 323 00:23:53.200 --> 00:23:57.039 history of Ireland, as well as several other important historical works. 324 00:23:57.759 --> 00:24:00.000 This branch of the O'Connor family is one of europe 325 00:24:00.279 --> 00:24:04.240 most ancient, which has an unbroken line to seventy five AD, 326 00:24:04.799 --> 00:24:08.319 which includes Rory O'Connor, the last High King of Ireland. 327 00:24:09.240 --> 00:24:12.480 Thomas was a member of the United Irishman. He took 328 00:24:12.519 --> 00:24:16.680 the oath from Wolfe Tone. O'Connor was actively involved in 329 00:24:16.680 --> 00:24:20.160 the Irish Rebellion of seventeen ninety eight. The failure of 330 00:24:20.200 --> 00:24:23.279 this revolutionary attempt of that year caused him to leave 331 00:24:23.279 --> 00:24:26.160 his native land. He traveled to New York City in 332 00:24:26.200 --> 00:24:29.000 eighteen oh one, where he eventually met Hugh O'Connor and 333 00:24:29.039 --> 00:24:34.079 his family. He devoted himself largely to literary pursuits, contributing 334 00:24:34.119 --> 00:24:38.559 to the journals, writing and publishing books, and editing various periodicals, 335 00:24:38.640 --> 00:24:42.359 including The Military Monitor, which was established in eighteen twelve, 336 00:24:42.759 --> 00:24:45.720 The Shamrock, and The Globe, founded in eighteen nineteen. 337 00:24:46.720 --> 00:24:50.480 John McKeon U S Attorney and General for the Southern 338 00:24:50.480 --> 00:24:53.599 District of New York, also a member of the U 339 00:24:53.640 --> 00:24:58.400 S House of Representatives. James McKeon. He was a captain 340 00:24:58.400 --> 00:25:00.640 of the U. S. Artillery and he was in the 341 00:25:00.680 --> 00:25:04.359 War of eighteen twelve. And he's also John McKeon's father. 342 00:25:06.119 --> 00:25:09.799 Thomas T. Eckert he was an officer in the U. S. Army, 343 00:25:10.640 --> 00:25:13.599 Chief of the War Department Telegraph Staff from eighteen sixty 344 00:25:13.599 --> 00:25:17.759 two to eighteen sixty six. He was United States Assistant 345 00:25:17.839 --> 00:25:21.799 Secretary of War from eighteen sixty six to eighteen sixty seven, 346 00:25:21.920 --> 00:25:25.599 and an executive at Western Union. He was a close 347 00:25:25.680 --> 00:25:30.359 personal friend and confidant of President Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln drafted 348 00:25:30.359 --> 00:25:35.599 the Emancipation Proclamation in the General's office. Thomas became president 349 00:25:35.640 --> 00:25:40.039 of Western Union Company. After the war. In eighteen seventy five, 350 00:25:40.079 --> 00:25:43.880 he became president of the Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Company, 351 00:25:44.559 --> 00:25:48.000 and then in eighteen eighty Eckert became president of the 352 00:25:48.039 --> 00:25:54.319 American Union Telegraph, western Union's main competitor. When Western Union 353 00:25:54.400 --> 00:25:58.279 an American Union Telegraph, merged in eighteen eighty one, Eckert 354 00:25:58.319 --> 00:26:01.720 was named vice president and general manager of the expanded 355 00:26:01.920 --> 00:26:06.599 Western Union. He retired from this position in nineteen hundred 356 00:26:07.119 --> 00:26:10.599 to become Chairman of the Board of Directors, a position 357 00:26:10.799 --> 00:26:14.680 which he held until shortly before his death on October twentieth, 358 00:26:15.119 --> 00:26:15.839 nineteen ten. 359 00:26:17.200 --> 00:26:21.519 John R. Brady attorney Justice of New York Supreme Court 360 00:26:21.680 --> 00:26:24.839 and administered oath of office to President Chester A. Arthur. 361 00:26:25.480 --> 00:26:31.079 Son of Thomas Brady. Thomas Brady attorney and educator. He 362 00:26:31.119 --> 00:26:34.400 tutored future Cardinal John McCluskey in Latin, and father of 363 00:26:34.519 --> 00:26:34.960 James T. 364 00:26:35.160 --> 00:26:35.720 And John R. 365 00:26:35.759 --> 00:26:41.640 Brady. James T. Brady, known criminal defense attorney, candidate for 366 00:26:41.720 --> 00:26:44.359 Governor of New York, son of Thomas Brady and brother 367 00:26:44.440 --> 00:26:49.960 of Judge John R. Brady. Andrew Carrigan, a founding officer 368 00:26:50.039 --> 00:26:53.559 of the Emigrant Industrial Savings Bank and Commissioner of Emigration 369 00:26:53.680 --> 00:26:56.240 of New York State. He was also president of the 370 00:26:56.279 --> 00:27:03.359 Irish Immigrant Society. Countess Anna Leary She was a philanthropist 371 00:27:03.359 --> 00:27:07.279 and financier, particularly for the Italian children who were arriving 372 00:27:07.279 --> 00:27:10.599 in New York City in the late nineteenth century. She 373 00:27:10.759 --> 00:27:14.519 financed the building of the chapel at Bellevue Hospital. The 374 00:27:14.599 --> 00:27:17.119 title of Countess was granted to her by Pope Leo 375 00:27:17.279 --> 00:27:20.680 as a reward for her charitable works. She is buried 376 00:27:20.720 --> 00:27:23.599 in the Catacombs with her parents and siblings, one of 377 00:27:23.640 --> 00:27:25.759 whom was the noted banker Arthur Leary. 378 00:27:26.400 --> 00:27:30.440 Dominic Lynch in the Lynch family, Dominic Lynch Senior was 379 00:27:30.480 --> 00:27:33.920 a wealthy merchant and an Irish immigrant. He was a 380 00:27:33.920 --> 00:27:37.680 founding trustee of Saint Peter's in Old Saint Patrick's Cathedral 381 00:27:37.839 --> 00:27:41.839 in New York City. He attended the inauguration of George 382 00:27:41.880 --> 00:27:46.079 Washington in New York and was also a signatory to 383 00:27:46.119 --> 00:27:50.240 the address of congratulations to President Washington by the Roman 384 00:27:50.279 --> 00:27:55.880 Catholic Community of America. He, along with Lorenzo da Ponte, 385 00:27:56.279 --> 00:28:00.880 brought Italian opera to New York City. Also owned the 386 00:28:00.880 --> 00:28:03.559 town of Lynchville in New York State, which was later 387 00:28:03.640 --> 00:28:07.400 renamed Rome. The Lynch family is one of the Tribes 388 00:28:07.440 --> 00:28:12.839 of Galloway, whose descendants include many mayors of Galloway. The 389 00:28:12.920 --> 00:28:17.160 Tribes of Galloway were fourteen merchant families who dominated the political, 390 00:28:17.400 --> 00:28:20.880 commercial and social life of the city of Galloway in 391 00:28:20.960 --> 00:28:26.799 Western Ireland between the thirteenth and nineteenth century. Dominic Lynch 392 00:28:26.880 --> 00:28:30.599 the second he was a wealthy merchant and importer of 393 00:28:30.720 --> 00:28:35.559 Chateau Margaux in Lynch's lucal oil. He was also a 394 00:28:35.559 --> 00:28:38.200 great supporter of the arts, and he financed the first 395 00:28:38.240 --> 00:28:42.319 Italian opera company, the Garcia Troupe ever to perform in 396 00:28:42.359 --> 00:28:46.359 New York City. He brought in the Garcia Italian Opera 397 00:28:46.359 --> 00:28:49.559 Company to perform a benefit concert for the Orphan Asylum 398 00:28:49.640 --> 00:28:53.240 in eighteen twenty six, is one of the earliest opera 399 00:28:53.240 --> 00:28:57.279 performances in the United States. He was regularly called the 400 00:28:57.319 --> 00:28:59.759 most fashionable man in New York by his. 401 00:28:59.799 --> 00:29:05.839