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<v Speaker 1>Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your daily source for the most

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<v Speaker 1>fascinating developments in space and astronomy. I'm excited to bring

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<v Speaker 1>you today's lineup of incredible stories from across the Cosmos.

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<v Speaker 1>We'll be diving into Iran's latest achievement in space exploration,

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<v Speaker 1>exploring some mind bending new theories about advanced civilizations, and

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<v Speaker 1>sharing a groundbreaking discovery about a star that's remarkably similar

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<v Speaker 1>to our Sun. We'll also check in on jupiter spectacular

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<v Speaker 1>show in our night sky, investigate a mysterious comet hiding

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<v Speaker 1>in plain sight, and get the latest updates from the

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<v Speaker 1>International Space Station. Let's get started. Iran's space program has

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<v Speaker 1>marked a significant milestone with their latest launch successfully placing

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<v Speaker 1>their largest payload yet into orbit. The launch took place

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<v Speaker 1>on Friday, using one of their two stage Simorg rockets,

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<v Speaker 1>carrying a combined weight of six hundred and sixty pounds

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<v Speaker 1>of space technology into the heavens. The mission deployed three

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<v Speaker 1>distinct payloads into an elliptical orbit ranging from one hundred

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<v Speaker 1>and eighty four to two hundred and fifty five miles

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<v Speaker 1>above Earth. Among these payloads is the Salman One, an

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<v Speaker 1>innovative space HUG designed to boost satellites to higher orbits,

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<v Speaker 1>and the Fokker one Cube SAT alongside an undisclosed research payload.

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<v Speaker 1>The salman I space TUG represents a particularly notable advancement,

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<v Speaker 1>as it would enable Iran to move satellites from low

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<v Speaker 1>Earth orbit up to geosynchronous orbit, where spacecraft maintained position

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<v Speaker 1>over the same area of Earth. This capability could significantly

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<v Speaker 1>reduce the need for larger launch vehicles and cut fuel

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<v Speaker 1>costs for future missions. However, this achievement has been met

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<v Speaker 1>with mixed reactions from the international community. While Iranian state

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<v Speaker 1>media celebrates it as a milestone for their space sector,

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<v Speaker 1>western nations have expressed serious concerns. The United States and

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<v Speaker 1>its allies view these developments through a more critical lens,

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<v Speaker 1>suggesting these launches might advance Iran's ballistic missile capabilities. A

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<v Speaker 1>US intelligence report from July highlighted that the cymorg rocket

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<v Speaker 1>technology could potentially accelerate the development of intercontinental ballistic missiles,

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<v Speaker 1>should Iran choose to pursue that path. These concerns stem

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<v Speaker 1>from the parallel technologies used in both space rockets and

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<v Speaker 1>missile systems. This latest launch follows Iran's earlier success in January,

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<v Speaker 1>when they achieved their first orbital launch of the Cymorg rocket.

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<v Speaker 1>Prior to that, they conducted a test flight with what

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<v Speaker 1>they described as an indigenous biocapsule, part of their stated

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<v Speaker 1>ambition to eventually put Iranian astronauts into space. A groundbreaking

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<v Speaker 1>new perspective on the Fermi paradox is challenging our fundamental

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<v Speaker 1>assumptions about how advanced civilizations might appear to us. Researchers

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<v Speaker 1>are suggesting that we might be looking for the wrong

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<v Speaker 1>signs when searching for intelligent life in the cosmos. The

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<v Speaker 1>traditional view of the Fermi paradox points to a striking contradiction.

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<v Speaker 1>Given the vast number of stars and planets in our galaxy,

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<v Speaker 1>there should be abundant intelligent life out there, yet we

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<v Speaker 1>see no evidence of it. This new research proposes an

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<v Speaker 1>intriguing solution. Perhaps advanced civilizations become so integrated with their

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<v Speaker 1>planet's natural systems that they become virtually indistinguishable from nature itself.

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<v Speaker 1>The key lies in understanding sustainability on a cosmic scale,

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<v Speaker 1>rather than pursuing endless expansion and energy consumption, as suggested

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<v Speaker 1>by the Kardashev scale. Successful civilizations might actually fold back

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<v Speaker 1>into their planet's biosphere. This means that instead of building

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<v Speaker 1>massive structures like dice in spheres or colonizing entire galaxies,

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<v Speaker 1>advanced species might develop in ways that harmonize completely with

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<v Speaker 1>their home worlds. This perspective suggests that our current technological

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<v Speaker 1>trajectory focused on constant growth and expansion, might not be

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<v Speaker 1>the universal path we assumed it to be. Instead, truly

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<v Speaker 1>advanced civilizations might develop in ways that strengthen and enhance

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<v Speaker 1>their planet's natural systems, rather than replacing them. What's particularly

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<v Speaker 1>fascinating is how this could affect our search for extraterrestrial intelligence.

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<v Speaker 1>If this theory holds true, we might need to completely

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<v Speaker 1>rethink our search methods. Rather than looking for artificial structures

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<v Speaker 1>or radio signals, we might need to look for subtler signs,

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<v Speaker 1>perhaps planets with unusually stable and complex ecosystems. This also

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<v Speaker 1>raises profound questions about our own future. Perhaps the mark

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<v Speaker 1>of an advanced civilization is in its ability to conquer

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<v Speaker 1>nature or spread across the stars, but rather its capacity

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<v Speaker 1>to achieve perfect harmony with its home world. It suggests

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<v Speaker 1>that our ultimate destiny might not be to reach for

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<v Speaker 1>the stars, but to become one with the very planet

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<v Speaker 1>that gave us life. Next up today, in an exciting first,

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<v Speaker 1>astronomers have detected an astrosphere around a star remarkably similar

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<v Speaker 1>to our Sun. This discovery was made while observing a

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<v Speaker 1>star nicknamed the Moth, and it's giving us unp precedented

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<v Speaker 1>insights into how stars like our Sun protect their planetary systems.

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<v Speaker 1>For those wondering what an astrosphere is, think of it

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<v Speaker 1>as a star's protective bubble. Just as our Sun creates

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<v Speaker 1>the heliosphere that shields our Solar system from harsh cosmic rays,

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<v Speaker 1>other stars create their own protective bubbles through their stellar winds.

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<v Speaker 1>While we've seen these bubbles around various types of stars before,

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<v Speaker 1>this is the first time we've observed one around a

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<v Speaker 1>star so similar to our Sun. The star in question,

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<v Speaker 1>officially known as HD six one zero zero five, earned

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<v Speaker 1>its nickname the Moth because it's surrounded by a debris

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<v Speaker 1>disc that looks like wings when viewed from Earth. What

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<v Speaker 1>makes this discovery particularly interesting is that this star is

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<v Speaker 1>only about one hundred million years old, practically a teenager

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<v Speaker 1>compared to our four billion year old son. This younger

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<v Speaker 1>age means it's more active and has stronger stellar winds

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<v Speaker 1>than our Sun currently does. Using the Chandra X ray observatory,

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<v Speaker 1>researchers detected a hay of X ray light extending outward

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<v Speaker 1>from the star to a distance equivalent to one hundred

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<v Speaker 1>times the Earth Sun distance. This glowing bubble is actually

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<v Speaker 1>the star's astrosphere, and its circular shape tells us something fascinating.

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<v Speaker 1>The stellar wind is so powerful that it maintains its

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<v Speaker 1>shape even as the star plows through dense interstellar gas.

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<v Speaker 1>This discovery is more than just a cosmic curiosity. By

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<v Speaker 1>studying the astrosphere of this younger sunlike star, we're essentially

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<v Speaker 1>looking at a snapshot of what our own solar system

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<v Speaker 1>might have been like in its youth. It's like finding

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<v Speaker 1>a baby picture of our solar system's protective shield, giving

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<v Speaker 1>us valuable insights into how our cosmic neighborhood has evolved

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<v Speaker 1>over billions of years. As I like to remind you,

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<v Speaker 1>keep looking up, and this weekend is the perfect time

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<v Speaker 1>to do just that. Stargazers and astronomy enthusiasts are in

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<v Speaker 1>for a treat this weekend as Jupiter reaches opposition, creating

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<v Speaker 1>the best viewing opportunity of twenty twenty four for the

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<v Speaker 1>Soul System's largest planet, the gas giant, will appear at

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<v Speaker 1>its biggest and brightest in our night sky as it

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<v Speaker 1>positions itself directly opposite the Sun when viewed from Earth.

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<v Speaker 1>This special alignment occurs on Saturday at three point fifty

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<v Speaker 1>pm Eastern Time, with Jupiter rising in the east just

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<v Speaker 1>as the sun sets in the west. You'll find it

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<v Speaker 1>shining brilliantly in the constellation Taurus, reaching its highest point

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<v Speaker 1>in the night sky around midnight local time. What makes

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<v Speaker 1>this event particularly special is that Jupiter will also make

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<v Speaker 1>its closest approach to Earth, coming within just three hundred

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<v Speaker 1>eighty million miles of our planet. While that might sound

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<v Speaker 1>like an enormous distance, it's actually quite close in astronomical terms,

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<v Speaker 1>and it's this proximity that gives us such excellent viewing conditions.

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<v Speaker 1>Even though Jupiter will appear as a bright point of

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<v Speaker 1>light to the naked eye, you don't need professional equipment

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<v Speaker 1>to make the most of this opportunity. A decent pair

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<v Speaker 1>of binoculars will reveal Jupiter's disc and even allow you

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<v Speaker 1>to spot its largest moons, known as the Galilean moons.

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<v Speaker 1>If you have access to a telescope, you'll be able

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<v Speaker 1>to see even more detail, including some of Jupiter's distinctive

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<v Speaker 1>cloud bands. Look for Jupiter in the eastern sky after sunset.

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<v Speaker 1>It will be one of the brightest objects in the

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<v Speaker 1>night sky, making it easy to spot even from light

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<v Speaker 1>polluted areas. The planet will remain visible for most of

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<v Speaker 1>the night, giving everyone plenty of time to catch a

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<v Speaker 1>glimpse of this spectacular celestial show. In an exciting new

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<v Speaker 1>discovery that's making astronomers rethink the boundaries between cosmic objects,

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<v Speaker 1>scientists have identified another Main Belt comet hiding in plain

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<v Speaker 1>sight within the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. This

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<v Speaker 1>fascinating object, designated as four hundred and fifty six p

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<v Speaker 1>slash pan Stars, has become the fourteenth confirmed Main Belt comet,

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<v Speaker 1>adding to a rare class of celestial bodies that challenge

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<v Speaker 1>our traditional classifications. These enigmatic objects belong to a broader

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<v Speaker 1>category known as active asteroisroids, sharing characteristics of both rocky

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<v Speaker 1>asteroids and icy comets. What makes them particularly intriguing is

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<v Speaker 1>their ability to display comet like behavior while maintaining asteroid

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<v Speaker 1>like orbits along with their mysterious cousins, the dark comets,

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<v Speaker 1>which scientists believe make up about sixty percent of near

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<v Speaker 1>Earth objects, they're helping us better understand the complexity of

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<v Speaker 1>our solar system. The newly discovered object caught scientists attention

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<v Speaker 1>in twenty twenty one when pan Star's telescopes in Hawaii

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<v Speaker 1>observed its sporting a small dusty tail, but determining its

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<v Speaker 1>true nature required patience and careful observation. After all, sometimes

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<v Speaker 1>asteroids can appear active simply due to collisions with other

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<v Speaker 1>space rocks, creating temporary dust clouds that might be mistaken

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<v Speaker 1>for cometary activity. Following years of monitoring by a dedicated

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<v Speaker 1>team of astronomers, the object revealed its true identity through

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<v Speaker 1>a pattern of repeated activity. When observed at different distances

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<v Speaker 1>from the Sun, it showed a fascinating cycle of activation

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<v Speaker 1>and dormancy. As it approached about four hundred twenty eight

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<v Speaker 1>million kilometers from the Sun, the object began displaying a

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<v Speaker 1>distinct tail pointing away from our star, classic cometary behavior

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<v Speaker 1>caused by ice sublimating beneath its surface. With a nucleus

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<v Speaker 1>measuring roughly one kilometer across, this celestial hybrid raises intriguing

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<v Speaker 1>questions about the early Solar System. Its existence suggests that

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<v Speaker 1>the boundary between where ice could and couldn't exist during

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<v Speaker 1>our Solar System's formation wasn't as clear cut as previously thought.

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<v Speaker 1>These Main Belt comets might actually be preserved remnants from

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<v Speaker 1>our cosmic past, offering valuable clues about how our solar

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<v Speaker 1>neighborhood came to be. This discovery not only adds another

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<v Speaker 1>member to an exclusive club of celestial objects, but also

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<v Speaker 1>reminds us that the distinction between asteroids and comets isn't

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<v Speaker 1>always black and white. Sometimes the most interesting discoveries lie

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<v Speaker 1>in these gray areas, challenging our understanding of what's possible

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<v Speaker 1>in our cosmic backyard. Finally, today, an update on the ISS.

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<v Speaker 1>Life aboard the International Space Station has settled into a

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<v Speaker 1>more routine rhythm lately, though that doesn't mean it's been

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<v Speaker 1>without its share of excitement. The Expedition seventy two crew

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<v Speaker 1>has been handling several unexpected challenges with their usual professional expertise.

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<v Speaker 1>Just last month, they faced an unusual situation during the

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<v Speaker 1>arrival of the Progress MS twenty nine resupply spacecraft. Upon

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<v Speaker 1>opening the hatch, crew members detected what they described as

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<v Speaker 1>a smell similar to spray paint, along with some concerning

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<v Speaker 1>droplets near the connection point. Taking no chances, the Russian

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<v Speaker 1>cosmonauts donned protective gear and sealed off the area while

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<v Speaker 1>they activated air scrubbers to deal with the situation. Fortunately,

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<v Speaker 1>further investigation revealed the source to be harmless outgassing from

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<v Speaker 1>materials in the Progress vehicle's pressurized section, not any dangerous

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<v Speaker 1>propellant leaks. After confirming air quality had returned to nor

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<v Speaker 1>the crew was able to resume their crucial cargo transfer operations.

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<v Speaker 1>The station also had to perform some fancy flying to

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<v Speaker 1>avoid a piece of space debris, specifically a fragment from

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<v Speaker 1>a Defense meteorological satellite that broke up back in twenty fifteen.

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<v Speaker 1>Using the Progress MS twenty eight spacecraft's thrusters, they executed

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<v Speaker 1>a precise five and a half minute maneuver to ensure

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<v Speaker 1>safe distance from the potential hazard. It marked the thirty

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<v Speaker 1>ninth time the ISS has had to dodge orbital debris,

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<v Speaker 1>highlighting one of the ongoing challenges of operating in Earth orbit.

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<v Speaker 1>Despite these occasional hurdles, the crew still found time to

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<v Speaker 1>celebrate Thanksgiving together, enjoying a special meal of freeze dried

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<v Speaker 1>turkey and all the traditional fixings. It was a welcome

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<v Speaker 1>break in their busy schedule of maintaining the station, conducting

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<v Speaker 1>scientific research, and preparing for upcoming vehicle arrivals and departures

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<v Speaker 1>as they continue their vital work two hundred and fifty

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<v Speaker 1>miles above Earth. And that wraps up today's episode of

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<v Speaker 1>Astronomy Daily. Thank you for joining me on this journey

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<v Speaker 1>through the latest developments in space and astronomy. This is

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<v Speaker 1>Anna and I hope you've enjoyed exploring these fascinating stories

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<v Speaker 1>with me. If you'd like to stay up to date

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<v Speaker 1>with all the latest space news, head over to Astronomy

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<v Speaker 1>Daily dot io, where you can listen to all our

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<v Speaker 1>previous episodes and catch up on our constantly updating news feed.

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<v Speaker 1>While you're there, don't forget to sign up for our

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<v Speaker 1>free daily newsletter, delivering the most interesting space stories straight

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<v Speaker 1>to your inbox. Want to join our community of space enthusiasts,

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<v Speaker 1>You can find us across all major social platforms. Just

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<v Speaker 1>search for astro Daily Pod on Facebook, x, YouTube, Tumbler,

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<v Speaker 1>and TikTok. Until next time, keep looking up particularly this

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<v Speaker 1>weekend and stay curious about our incredible universe, so stories

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<v Speaker 1>to tell. H