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up now at Patreon dot dot NetRocks dot com. Hey

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guess what, geeks, it's the new dot net Rocks space

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geek Out for twenty twenty five.

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Speaker 1: I'm Carl Franklin and I'm Richard Campbell. How many of

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these have we done? Now? Like five or six? Man,

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it's five or six? Yeah, of the annuals, it's more

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than that, I think. No, well, it's over one hundred

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geek outs to be clear. But these sort of annual summaries,

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it's been a bunch. I don't know.

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Speaker 2: However, this is show nineteen hundred in eighty two, and

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before we talk about what happened in nineteen eighty two,

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we need to mention that our editor, Brandon When was

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born in nineteen eighty two. That's clearly the most important

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thing that happened, absolutely the most important thing. But some

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other things where the Falklands war between Argentina and the UK,

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the release.

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Speaker 1: Of et that Space That Space, Yeah, yeah, sorta spacey.

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Speaker 2: The tragic crash of Air Florida Flight ninety into the

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Potomac River which killed seventy eight people thriller by Michael Jackson.

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That album was released, So G I. Joe was relaunched.

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I know that you're so interested in that. Anne Rand

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passed away. On March six, the Commodore sixty four was launched.

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I'm sure you're going to talk about that, so I'm

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passing it over to you a little bit for tech

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and computing, okay, Yeah, So of course the commerce sixty

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four was released. It was five ninety five wow, which

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they kind of undercut the whole market when they did that.

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And they way they did that is that they owned

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they had vertical integration, They owned the supply line, including

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the processor moss, which is a very end of the

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sixty five or two called the sixty five ten, and

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so they were just able to apparently the component price

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was down like an one hundred and fifty dollars range,

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so it's just we were able to.

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Speaker 1: That's why that machine did so well. I mean, sixty

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four K just a really unbelievably good price.

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Speaker 2: Well I never had a Commodore sixty four, but what

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I remember about it was it booted up into basic YEP,

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and you had to run like all the operating system

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things by writing a little basic program.

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Speaker 1: Doing they were combs. Yeah, yeah, there were commands. That's right.

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It was my after school job was preparing sixty fours wow,

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and repairing sixty four fifteen forty one's like, they repaired

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the drives they had flaws in them. They sold the

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funny They're not exactly sure how many they sold, somewhere

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between twelve and seventeen million units over twelve years before

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the discise. That's just unbelievable. It's incredible, incredible success, just huge.

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Nineteen eighty two is also the year that the Time magazine.

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Remember Time magazine, I do. They used to do a

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Man of the Year, and in nineteen eighty two, the

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Man of the Year was the personal computer. Yeah, they

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still do that because the person of the year person. Yeah,

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you know, that was the idea. This is also the

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year the following companies are founded. I just went with

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the ones you would know immediately, like some microsystems, Yeah, Compact, Adobe, Autodesk,

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geez Electronic Arts, Yeah, LucasArts, Lotus micropros semantic like clearly

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the explosion, right, the expansion of all this. This is

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the year that Microsoft releases their competitor, VisiCalc called multi

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Plan for the Apple two and for CPM machines, which

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would later become Excel and I mean might be a

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separate product. Multiplan was built in this cross compiling way.

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This was Charles Simons's great vision, so they could compile

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the multiple platforms, which meant it ran equally slow on

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all of them. Yeah, that's right, And that's why you know,

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next year nineteen eighty three, when I Lotus one two

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three comes out, we'll just clobber the market because it

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was built for the IBM PC of fast, fast, fast fast, right.

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But A two is also the relatively the year they

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rebrand PC dos to MS dos because you're trying to

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focus on Microsoft. Is the year that word Perfect comes

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out version one of word Perfect.

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Speaker 2: What I remember about word Perfect is it wasn't really perfect.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, no, nothing nothing ever was it was?

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Speaker 2: It was it was user interface challenged, that's what I remember.

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Speaker 1: It was all you had to learn the shortcut case.

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That's what it was. All about was the short those

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terrible for us? Also the year the aerial font is created.

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Wow was that Adobe No indefinitely And the first evidence

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of a computer virus called the elk Cloner, written by

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a fifteen year old named rich Strinta, and it propagated

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via Apple I floppy disc. Wow. Nobody knew that it

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was at that time right beyond comprehension. But it wasn't

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really uh, it didn't really do anything bad. It was

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just a propagator. Yeah, just a propagator. Yeah, just a propagator,

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as they often were back right. This is the year

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the movie tron came out with all of its CGI

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graphics and you know stories of hackers and oh my user. Yeah.

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I mean to this day I often still say greetings

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programs directly from that movie. And I'll end with a

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science thing, which is Richard Feiman describes quantum computing in

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nineteen eighty two. Man, he was awesome. He still is amazing. Guy. Yeah.

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On the space side, this is Space Shuttle Columbia's third

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and fourth flight. The third flight is in March. It's

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the first time they fly with an unpainted tank, saving

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several hundred pounds of weight because the spacecraft is wild

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overweight and will not be able to do the missions

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that it was designed to do. They'll never be able

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to do a polar orbit with any of them. Actually,

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and this was the heaviest one by far.

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Speaker 2: How much weight did they shave off by not painting?

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Speaker 1: It's a thousand pounds. The tank's really ridiculous. Yeah, wow,

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I don't where the And they'll re engineer the tank

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to meet it even lighter. Like they were always trying

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to shed weight. The spacecraft was always too heavy and

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limited a lot of its capabilities. It was the only

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time they ever landed at the White Sands Air Force

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Base because they were supposed to land at Edwards but

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it was flooded and that's bad, so they wand over there,

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and that meant that they had to send over all

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of the equipment to pick the shuttle up and put

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it on the seven forty seven to fly it back

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to Kennedy. Wow. So they would quickly realize this was

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a really expensive and difficult proposition. You should always landed Kennedy.

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But on the fourth flight same year, in June, so

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only a few months later, this is the final of

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the test flights. They would landed Edwards Air Force Base.

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So they did on total calumbated four test flights with

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just two astronauts in pressure suits with ejection seats to

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validate the vehicle, and that finishes in nineteen eighty two.

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That last flight at Edwards, Ronald Reagan and Nancy are there.

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They meet the astronauts, they make a big speech and

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while at the end of the speech, the Space Shuttle

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Challenger flies by overhead on the seven forty seven on

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its way to Kennedy. The next Shuttle has been built.

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Very cool. That wasn't timed or anything. Emily, Yeah, I

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know pretty sure. Maybe just a little bit a little

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bit of timing there. Over in the Soviet side, Vanera

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thirteen and fourteen, their Venus Explorers land. They launched in

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eighty one. They took about four months, so they land

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early nineteen eighty two. You've seen the photos from these.

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These are the famous panoramas with the little saw tooth

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edge of the landing ring. And Vanera thirteen survived one

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hundred and twenty seven minutes at four hundred and fifty

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seven degrees celsius. That's eight hundred and fifty five fahrenheit.

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That's crazy enough. To melt lead and eighty nine atmospheres

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of pressure. Venera fourteen. You know there's a Pepe's pizza oven.

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It's almost that hot, almost that hot. Yeah, I think

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it's like six hundred degrees six hundred and fifty degrees.

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That's a yeah, it's good, an unbelievable pizza. Yeah, but

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you know, you know you're in there for very long. No.

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Vanara fourteen landed a week later, did the same sort

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of panoramic picture. The funniest storia. This whole thing is

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one of their mission. One of their probes was to

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test soil compressibility on venus. But the arm is fixed

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in place. When it swings down, it has to hit

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a particular point, and it turned out to the point

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where it was going to swing down is exactly where

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one of the lens caps had popped off. So it

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measured the compressibility of the lens cap. Geez, unfortunate. Oops, Yeah,

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I don't know.

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Speaker 2: Was that really critical science? The compressibility of soil on venus.

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Speaker 1: We changed the way they could build a lander, right,

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They went with a maximum surface area lander. Dude, and

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everything can we do that makes sense? Legs? Can we

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can put more experiments down and stuff like that, not

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that they ever did, but that was that was the

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thanking last one, not least on the space side. Hallie's

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comment after seventy years comes back into view. Nineteen.

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Speaker 2: I remember seeing it, yeah, yeah, right off in the distance,

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and I remember my father saying it's not going to

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be back for seventy years or whatever it was.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, when, so when what would that be? Do

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the math quite quick, it'll be twenty thirty two. We

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might see it, man, maybe, Yeah, that's only what's seven

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more years from now? Yeah, Wow, we'll be getting old.

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That's crazy to think. Yep, to think that's only we're

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old people. So we're getting old. All right, there's your

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history bit. Okay, you're right, I better know.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, I do have a better no framework, play the

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crazy music?

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Speaker 1: All right? What do you got?

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Speaker 2: So I'm looking on a GitHub for ISS trackers. Oh yeah,

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it turns out there are twenty eight look repositories matching.

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Speaker 1: Cool that people's doing experiments to write software to figure

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where the ISS is.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, that's right, and their Python, JavaScript, HTML, Typescript C

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plus plus one and C plus plus one in dart

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one in Jupiter notebook. Most of them are Python. Yeah,

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seventeen of them.

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Speaker 1: Three of them JavaScript. It's cool, but there you go.

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It's awesome. That's what I got. Okay.

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Speaker 2: I haven't checked them out, of course, because I write

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and see sharp.

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Speaker 1: Well, and you can just go to a website if

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you want to know where the iss is right. True.

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Speaker 2: And there are apps too, specialized apps for the phones

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that you can sure access as far as you want.

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So you got somebody talking to us today, Richard.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, I grabbed a comment off the last Space geekoutse

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that was nineteen thirty round dust time last year. And

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well this comment is much more recent. It's just from

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a couple of months ago. This is from Tom. I said, hey,

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this October, the internet is full of Alien Invader three.

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I at lists, but the World News channel so surprisingly

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devoid of anything about it. I would love to hear

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Richard's opinion as an all around respected sensible guy.

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Speaker 2: Well, wait a minute, it's December nineteenth, which is the

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day that it's going to be supposedly invading the earth.

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Speaker 1: This is the closest approach day.

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Speaker 2: Let me just open the window and see if I

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can see it, see if we're being inundated with aliens here. Yeah,

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pretty I got the news on I don't see anything.

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Speaker 1: Pretty sure, you'll be fine, Yeah, you'll be all right. Yeah.

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So it's called three I ATLAS because it's the third

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interstellar object detected. The previous two were Amuamua and Borisov.

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And the second name, ATLAS is actually the name of

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the detector, which was the Asteroid Terrestrial Impact Last Alert

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System or ATLAS. This is based out of Chili and

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its job is to find objects that might collide with

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the Earth. And this is not a very big object,

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maybe about a half kilometer across, but it is booking.

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It is because it's not not a Solar System object.

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It's an interstellar object. When it was detected, it was

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moving at fifty eight kilometers per second, right, is really fast,

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and of course the Sun's pulling it in, so it

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accelerated it. When it made its closest plasts on the

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Sun in October, it was going sixty eight kilometers per second,

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so we would not have a lot of time to

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respond to this. This is kind of a worst case scenario,

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but the good news is it missed us. Obviously.

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Speaker 2: The fly by is now is it something that we

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can see in the sky like a comet.

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Speaker 1: Only if you have a telescope. It is a comet,

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no two ways about it. We know it's an interstellar

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comet because we've had a bunch of different spacecraft studying

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it now and observatories. Its composition is a little odd.

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It's a little different than stuff we are used to

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from our Solar system. It's full of carbon diox frozen

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carbon dioxid which means it was probably formed in an

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orked cloud around a different star somewhere. It's probably been

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out there for billions of years, so there's no way

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to know for sure. Certainly from our galaxy, it's not

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going that fast. But the reason for the alien thing,

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it's most likely a cosmologist, a fairly famous one, a

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guy named or his name is Abram, to call him

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Avi Lobe. He's a Harvard cosmologist, very well respected until

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the past few years, when he's just kind of kind

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of whacky on the whole aliens are coming thing. He

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said pretty much the same thing about a Muamuha, that

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this could be a spacecraft, although it wasn't. It was

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just an asteroid.

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Speaker 2: It didn't help that social media was full of pictures

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that looked like it had lights and a bridge.

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Speaker 1: And you know, yeah, none of this is true. Yeah,

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it's not true. We can barely image the thing for

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crying out loud like it's it's only barely visible. We've

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had a bunch of good sensors, because we have so

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many good sensors pointed out it, so we know how

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close a large tacoma is, that it has a tail,

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that it's acting just like every other comet acts, except

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that it's moving dramatically faster, so it'll be whizzing back

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out of our solar system fairly quickly. So Tom, I

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hope that answers your question, and thank you so much

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for your comment, and a coffee of music, Cobi. It's

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on its way to you, and if you'd like a

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cofee of Musicobe I read a comment on the website

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at dot at Rockstock Calm or on the facebooks. We

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publish every show there, and if you comment there and

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in the show, we'll send you a copy of music Go.

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Speaker 2: Music to Code, by of Course, is a collection of

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twenty two soon to be twenty three, twenty five minute

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long tracks that are designed to keep you in a

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state of flow while you're writing code and they're still

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going strong. Like I said, I get several orders a

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day now still. So if you want to get it

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yourself without writing a comment on the website, you can

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go to Music Too Coode, buy dot net and purchase

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the collection an MP three, flack or wave formats. And

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with that, sir, I'm handing over the microphone to you,

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because the geek outs are all Richard.

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Speaker 1: He does a lot. It's a lot of writing. For me.

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Speaker 2: You do a lot of research and a lot of writing.

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And this is about space. So we're going to recap

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the year in space.

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Speaker 1: All right, twenty twenty five, and of course we're recording

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this from the nineteenth. It is still gonna be a

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couple more launches because SpaceX you make me crazy. But

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this particular moment, there were This is a record year again,

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three hundred and eighteen launches worldwide, of which three hundred

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and seven are successful with eleven failures. And that's all.

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Speaker 2: That's the whole world organizations, not just SpaceX.

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Speaker 1: Yeah. China, yeah, China, India, you know there, there was

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launches all over, although clearly SpaceX is dominant. Of those

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three hundred and eighteen launches worldwide, one hundred and sixty

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five of them so far are Falcon nines. They did

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new Falcon heavies this year. They're supposed to do two

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more before the end of the year. Like we have

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a week left and they're going to do they're going

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to hit one hundred and sixty seven.

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Speaker 2: Are either of them going to be Falcon heavies.

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Speaker 1: There's no Falcon heavies flew this year at all. They

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didn't need them. Yeah they were. The goal originally was

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one hundred and fifty. They bumped up to one hundred

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and eighty. Now it's going to be about hundred and

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sixty seven, which is still incredible. It is one hundred

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and twenty two starlink missions, so that's the vast majority

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of them. So forty three other kinds of missions, various payloads.

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Two boosters recovered, two of them were thrown away, one

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was lost in a drone ship failure. So the more

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starlink satellites there are, does your bandwidth speed go up

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because I know you have starling? Yeah, it's actually creeping

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back up again because the number of users has gone up.

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There are at eight million subscribers now. They doubled in

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just over a year. Last year we were talking about

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They got to four million in the summer of twenty

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four and by November twenty five they were at eight million.

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So that does impact. Although I mine, not that I

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use mine all that much because we're so far north,

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I really haven't had a lot of performance problems. Yeah,

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but in the busier areas obviously it matters. But yeah,

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the network continues to grow there. They've launched over ten

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thousand satellites. Now they've got more satellites than the rest

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of the world combined, like twice over. Wow, that all

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of those are operational. He was about somewhere in around

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seven thousand operational. To go this quickly, they have launched

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three or four times a week. They have shortened the

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turnaround of a pad down to fifty five hours, so

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two and a half days they can launch and then

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launch from that pad again. Wow, really efficient. The Falcon

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nine booster, which was originally planned to be ten reuses,

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they have continued to stretch that. They stretched that with starlink,

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so starlink being a maximum load, launch as heavy as

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and go about seventeen metric tons and still get the

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booster back. Their current record now is thirty two landings

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from one booster. Wow. Yeah, that's so cool and it's crazy.

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Speaker 2: First, I remember the first time we watched that happen

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where it didn't crash. I think we were at a

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conference or something like that. Yeah, and we were watching it.

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Speaker 1: And it's like, holy cow, they stuck the landing.

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Speaker 2: And they stuck the landing. It was just like amazing. Yeah,

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it didn't look real. I mean it literally looked like

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a cartoon or something.

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Speaker 1: Yeah. On the week of December fifth, there were five

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launches and five landings in the same week. Wow, over

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five days. Wow. It's just it's nuts. And look, this

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has not been a good year for Elon Musk personally. No,

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the things that he got up to this year is

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upset a lot of people, including me. Like the guy

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who flew his sports car into space That was pretty cool.

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I liked Elon. Yeah, tearing up the US government not cool.

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Arguably buying an election not cool. But the impact of

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SpaceX is hard to ignore. Rumor is that they're going

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to IPO next year, which is interesting, and I got

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some questions online for folcusing what you know, if they IPO,

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how is this going to change the company? I suspect

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it's going to be an IPO the same way that

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Facebook's a IPO, which is they're going to have a

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small amount of ownership available. So it's not really going

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to be a publicly owned company per se. They just

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want to raise some more money. I suspect Elon's going

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to maintain control of the company for better or worse. Yeah,

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I want to move on from Saceing as quickly as possible.

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But it can't not talk about Starship. They did six

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launches or five launches this year. It didn't necessarily go

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all that Well, mind.

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Speaker 2: Us what starship is again?

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Speaker 1: You know? So Starship is there the really really big rocket,

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biggest rocket ever built, Bigger even than.

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Speaker 2: Saturn five, bigger than the Falk and heavy.

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Speaker 1: Much bigger than you know. That's three and a half

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some meters in diameter. This is nine meters diameter. This

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is a massive sixty five meters tall. It's huge. And

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the goal is one hundred percent reuse. So not just

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the booster flying doing its two and a half minute flight,

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flying around and coming back, but also the upper stage

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going into orbit, doing its thing, and then re entering

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and landing. And so we had test flights seven through

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eleven in twenty five. In twenty four where they were

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all the Block one the original test articles twenty five

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they were all Block two, so they only did five

377
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flights of Block twos. The first one in January. The

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booster landed successfully. And by the way, the starship Booster,

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as huge as it is, does not have landing legs.

380
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They catch it out of the sky wow, with a

381
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pair of arms they called chopsticks, so they don't have

382
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to carry the weight of the legs. Wow. That which

383
00:20:03,000 --> 00:20:07,440
is amazing. But the first block to spacecraft had problems

384
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and by the time it was near the top of

385
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its apogeea that never fully goes into orbit, there were

386
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propellant leaks and it blew to pieces of a rain

387
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to breed out across the Caribbean. Jeez. Not good. So

388
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then IFA eight was in March, just a couple months later,

389
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and it was almost identical of that. It did the

390
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same thing they did land the booster, but they starship

391
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itself broke up in orbit and fell like to Earth.

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Speaker 2: So the day after my birthday, August twelfth, I was

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outside watching the lackluster Percy had met to your shower.

394
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It was about ten thirty pm. And I saw this

395
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very strange, blurry dog bone shaped light in the otherwise

396
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clear sky that seemed to be rotating, and I posted

397
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it on Facebook and somebody posted back, that's no moon.

398
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What it was was a solid rocket booster from a

399
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SpaceX launch that was in Florida that day, and I

400
00:21:13,000 --> 00:21:16,400
could or was it a booster or was it no?

401
00:21:17,119 --> 00:21:19,880
Speaker 1: Well for STARTU, SpaceX doesn't use solid rocket boosters.

402
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Speaker 2: So it was a rocket deorbit burn. Oh yeah, so

403
00:21:23,799 --> 00:21:26,519
it was the Arian six rocket getting set for a

404
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deorbit burn. But it was really cool and other people

405
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saw it too, and everybody's kind of freaking out on

406
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the social media's but it was just wild.

407
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Speaker 1: Yeah. But de orb burn's good news. That means they're

408
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very specifically putting it down somewhere safe. Sure, right. The

409
00:21:43,640 --> 00:21:46,960
modern requirements now for an upper stage after a certain size,

410
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especially is that you save enough fuel after putting your

411
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payload into space to deorbit yourself.

412
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Speaker 2: I mean, it's all good news, but the fact is

413
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is that a lot of people saw it and thought

414
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it was a UFO and didn't understand it right, So.

415
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Speaker 1: It pays well, it was a flying object, it just

416
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wasn't actually unidentified.

417
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Speaker 2: Well, it was unidentified to us, but not to everybody else, right,

418
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So it was fun and you know, it's that's why

419
00:22:12,960 --> 00:22:15,799
it pays to educate yourself about these things, so you're

420
00:22:15,839 --> 00:22:18,720
not making up stuff that you don't understand when you

421
00:22:18,720 --> 00:22:23,279
don't understand something, All right, slash soap box back to you, Richard.

422
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Speaker 1: Yeah. So the rest of the Starship tests coming into

423
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the second half of the year got better, although there

424
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was an incident in the test flight ten. They had

425
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Ship ten and during its testing on the ground at

426
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the test stand, it exploded, which is not good, destroyed

427
00:22:39,839 --> 00:22:42,559
the stand in the process, right, and so delayed the

428
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flight for a month or so while they built another

429
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ship and had to test it in a different way.

430
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But the flight itself in August went fairly well. The

431
00:22:53,799 --> 00:22:56,240
booster was deliberately splashed down in the Gulf of Mexico.

432
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The ship actually got up to its peak orbit, desployed

433
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these Faate Starlink satellite so the little door opened on

434
00:23:02,599 --> 00:23:04,839
the side of the ship. They popped out these They

435
00:23:04,839 --> 00:23:06,519
were all going to re enter, but they just showed

436
00:23:06,519 --> 00:23:08,599
that they could displease them, and then it actually landed

437
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it on its intended target in the Indie ocean within

438
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a few meters enough that they were able to put

439
00:23:13,119 --> 00:23:16,119
a boy out there with a camera that was able

440
00:23:16,160 --> 00:23:20,079
to film this thing re entering, although the ship itself

441
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was fairly damaged by re entry, but it worked perfectly well.

442
00:23:23,920 --> 00:23:27,119
So cool. The very last launch in October of a

443
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Block two because now they're moving on to Block three,

444
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worked almost flawlessly when exactly we're supposed to deployed. It

445
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simulated satellites and then landed right on target with almost

446
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no damage on it at all. So they clearly off

447
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Block two wired in, so now time to move on

448
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to Block three. And that was also the last time

449
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they would do a flight off of Pad one. This

450
00:23:46,480 --> 00:23:49,599
is in Bokachika, Texas. This was the pad that on

451
00:23:49,640 --> 00:23:51,880
the very original flight they bore a hole into the

452
00:23:51,880 --> 00:23:55,039
ground because it took off so slowly. And then they

453
00:23:55,400 --> 00:23:58,920
upgraded and so forth. But the Block three version of

454
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Starship is dramatic bigger again, it's longer, taller, and they've

455
00:24:03,960 --> 00:24:07,079
been building a second pad Nick cleverly named get this

456
00:24:07,480 --> 00:24:12,279
Pad two. And this one has a flame diverter, so

457
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instead of being a set of legs with a water

458
00:24:14,920 --> 00:24:16,799
to spercial unit to control it, they've actually had a

459
00:24:16,799 --> 00:24:19,039
popper flame diverter. It also uses water as well, but

460
00:24:19,079 --> 00:24:22,799
it's a better design all around, much more complex landing.

461
00:24:22,920 --> 00:24:25,680
You know, Elon always had this idea that he didn't

462
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want to have big infrastructure on the ground because he

463
00:24:28,480 --> 00:24:29,839
wanted to be able to go to Mars and take

464
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off again and so forth and not need to build infrastructure.

465
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And it's just like it's not feasible you actually have

466
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this infrastructure. So at this particular point, they are in

467
00:24:38,200 --> 00:24:42,559
the development of Block three, including a new larger booster,

468
00:24:42,759 --> 00:24:45,920
although in November, the first of the Block three boosters,

469
00:24:45,960 --> 00:24:50,799
called Booster eighteen, during testing had some kind of explosion.

470
00:24:50,799 --> 00:24:53,119
It wasn't a duratic one. It was just burst and

471
00:24:53,319 --> 00:24:56,240
damaged the vehicle enough that it was scrapped. And so

472
00:24:56,279 --> 00:24:58,759
now they're getting another booster together for IFT twelve, which

473
00:24:58,799 --> 00:25:02,160
will be sometime early next year year, and they're going

474
00:25:02,200 --> 00:25:05,440
to do the current plan is IFT twelve and if

475
00:25:05,480 --> 00:25:09,319
T thirteen where the sort of finalizations of the design.

476
00:25:10,200 --> 00:25:13,319
They expect IFT thirteen to be the first full orbit

477
00:25:13,359 --> 00:25:15,480
of Starship, to put it properly to orbit, and then

478
00:25:15,519 --> 00:25:18,240
to deorbit it and catch it to show that they

479
00:25:18,240 --> 00:25:20,839
can do all those things, and all subsequent flights of

480
00:25:20,880 --> 00:25:25,200
Starship currently outlined are focused on making the Moonlander for

481
00:25:25,279 --> 00:25:28,039
the contract they've gotten with NASA. Tell me about that.

482
00:25:28,119 --> 00:25:31,000
Let's a push forward. This was a couple of years

483
00:25:31,000 --> 00:25:33,279
ago with the Artomis program so forth, and we're going

484
00:25:33,319 --> 00:25:34,680
to talk about Moon a little later on. It's not

485
00:25:34,720 --> 00:25:36,480
a lot happened Moon related stuff this year, just a

486
00:25:36,559 --> 00:25:41,519
few things. There was competition to develop a moon Lander

487
00:25:41,519 --> 00:25:43,640
for the Artemis missions, and the whole point was to

488
00:25:43,640 --> 00:25:46,839
make a reusable Moonlander, and the only company that offered

489
00:25:46,839 --> 00:25:51,519
a potential reusable lander is SpaceX And what is a

490
00:25:51,559 --> 00:25:53,759
modified version of Starship, which is kind of nutty because

491
00:25:53,759 --> 00:25:58,000
it's enormously tall, so you got to land at somewhere

492
00:25:58,119 --> 00:26:00,400
very level or have some very adjustable leg something we've

493
00:26:00,440 --> 00:26:03,039
seen any of these things. It's also huge, but it

494
00:26:03,079 --> 00:26:05,240
has a massive payload and it would be fully reusable,

495
00:26:05,279 --> 00:26:07,000
but you got to refuel it. Not that anybody's ever

496
00:26:07,039 --> 00:26:09,599
done that before, and how many refuelings is it going

497
00:26:09,640 --> 00:26:11,160
to take? But this is all stuff that needs to

498
00:26:11,200 --> 00:26:11,920
be developed.

499
00:26:12,640 --> 00:26:15,400
Speaker 2: Also, if you think of the previous missions, the Apollo

500
00:26:15,440 --> 00:26:18,920
missions that went to the Moon, those capsules were fairly light,

501
00:26:19,200 --> 00:26:21,680
and they were small, and they yeah small, did require

502
00:26:21,680 --> 00:26:23,599
a lot of energy to get off the moon, but

503
00:26:24,039 --> 00:26:24,559
I mean.

504
00:26:24,519 --> 00:26:27,759
Speaker 1: And even then the landing platform, the descent stage was

505
00:26:27,839 --> 00:26:30,400
left behind, the ascent stage was lifted off. And look,

506
00:26:30,400 --> 00:26:32,319
if you're going to build a base on the Moon

507
00:26:32,880 --> 00:26:35,240
that you're going to have multiple people going to, you

508
00:26:35,359 --> 00:26:38,640
can't keep leaving pieces of your land or behind each

509
00:26:38,680 --> 00:26:41,200
time you do it, right, yeah, right, Like, how are

510
00:26:41,200 --> 00:26:43,039
you supposed to keep using the pad if you keep

511
00:26:43,119 --> 00:26:46,079
leaving pieces on it? So you need a fully reusable

512
00:26:46,160 --> 00:26:49,000
lander and that's what SpaceX has proposed. They're behind schedule,

513
00:26:49,079 --> 00:26:52,279
but so is everything related to the Moon, right and

514
00:26:52,319 --> 00:26:55,279
they so now apparently they're we're going to see developments

515
00:26:55,319 --> 00:26:56,160
in twenty twenty six.

516
00:26:56,559 --> 00:26:59,079
Speaker 2: So do you think they would just seems to me

517
00:26:59,160 --> 00:27:02,000
that they would take us smaller craft first to build

518
00:27:02,039 --> 00:27:04,640
the landing for the bigger craft.

519
00:27:04,759 --> 00:27:07,359
Speaker 1: Doesn't look to make that. No, that's not what they're doing.

520
00:27:07,920 --> 00:27:09,599
The way they're solving the problem of not having a

521
00:27:09,680 --> 00:27:12,039
landing pad is by putting thrusters high up on the

522
00:27:12,119 --> 00:27:14,640
craft so that it doesn't dig a hole in the ground.

523
00:27:15,279 --> 00:27:16,720
But they do need to find a level spot to

524
00:27:16,799 --> 00:27:19,640
land there's lots that needs to be figured out on

525
00:27:19,720 --> 00:27:23,119
this and starting with or just as you said, adjustable fee, Yeah,

526
00:27:23,119 --> 00:27:25,960
I mean just the idea of a sustainable life support

527
00:27:26,000 --> 00:27:28,920
system right Like right now we have the space station

528
00:27:28,960 --> 00:27:32,119
which has a life support system that is constantly refueled

529
00:27:32,160 --> 00:27:34,200
every couple of months. We keep adding stuff to it.

530
00:27:34,200 --> 00:27:36,160
If you're gonna have a life support system that sits

531
00:27:36,200 --> 00:27:37,799
on the Moon for an nextated period of time, like

532
00:27:37,839 --> 00:27:40,400
we've never done that. We don't have good long term

533
00:27:40,440 --> 00:27:42,640
life support systems yet, right We've had we have them

534
00:27:42,680 --> 00:27:44,359
work for a couple of weeks at a time, that's

535
00:27:44,359 --> 00:27:46,920
what the old Apollo missions did, and we have the

536
00:27:47,000 --> 00:27:50,279
space Station one. But they build a long term, you know,

537
00:27:50,720 --> 00:27:52,960
self contained life support system we can last for months.

538
00:27:52,960 --> 00:27:55,240
That will be a breakthrough when that hasn't been achieved yet.

539
00:27:55,359 --> 00:27:58,079
Speaker 2: Solar energy on the Moon is kind of moot because

540
00:27:58,200 --> 00:28:00,119
you're not in the sun all the time.

541
00:28:00,319 --> 00:28:03,279
Speaker 1: Yeah, it's fourteen days of daylight fourteen days of darkness.

542
00:28:03,519 --> 00:28:07,240
Speaker 2: Yeah, so you need battery backup or whatever you're going

543
00:28:07,319 --> 00:28:08,759
to do to store that energy.

544
00:28:08,920 --> 00:28:11,599
Speaker 1: That's a big battery and it's awfully cold when you're

545
00:28:11,640 --> 00:28:15,680
not in the sun. Yeah, pretty much. There's two solutions

546
00:28:15,720 --> 00:28:19,039
to this, and we're jumping ahead again. Okay, sorry, going

547
00:28:19,079 --> 00:28:21,680
to the South pole where the sun's always shining because

548
00:28:21,680 --> 00:28:25,200
you're not because of the angles. It's one workaround or

549
00:28:25,319 --> 00:28:28,039
nuclear power, and there are solutions there too. But let's

550
00:28:28,039 --> 00:28:30,240
put SpaceX to bed for the most of the rest

551
00:28:30,279 --> 00:28:32,039
of this conversation because there's lots of other things to

552
00:28:32,079 --> 00:28:34,039
talk about. Talk about some of the other things out

553
00:28:34,039 --> 00:28:36,519
there now that this is necessarily all good news. So

554
00:28:36,640 --> 00:28:39,200
let's talk about United Launch Alliance. So these are the

555
00:28:39,240 --> 00:28:41,079
guys who used to operate the Shuttle. This is a

556
00:28:41,119 --> 00:28:44,640
combination of Boeing and Lockheed Martin working together. It's an

557
00:28:44,640 --> 00:28:48,319
independentity going. When we did this last year, we talked

558
00:28:48,319 --> 00:28:53,720
about how ULA had finally launched their Vulcan rocket twice actually,

559
00:28:54,160 --> 00:28:56,400
and they were projecting in twenty twenty five. According to

560
00:28:56,400 --> 00:28:59,000
the CEO, Tory Bruno, they're going to have twenty launches

561
00:28:59,039 --> 00:29:01,960
in twenty twenty five, ten of Atlas five, which is

562
00:29:02,000 --> 00:29:05,440
the old rocket, and ten of Vulcan, the new rocket.

563
00:29:05,880 --> 00:29:09,000
So what actually happened in twenty twenty five. There was

564
00:29:09,119 --> 00:29:14,079
one Vulcan launch. It was a military payload launch and

565
00:29:14,160 --> 00:29:17,759
it had problems itself, although it was successful. And the

566
00:29:17,880 --> 00:29:22,000
issue here is that Vulcan does use solid rocket boosters,

567
00:29:22,039 --> 00:29:24,160
and their second launch, one of the solid rocket boosters

568
00:29:24,319 --> 00:29:27,640
spit off its nozzle. The rocket was able to compensate

569
00:29:27,680 --> 00:29:30,279
and continue to its flight successfully. It was very close. Thing.

570
00:29:30,400 --> 00:29:33,519
Speaker 2: Now you are saying Vulcan not Falcon, right with the Vulcan.

571
00:29:33,599 --> 00:29:36,400
Vulcan as in where Spock is from. That's right, that's

572
00:29:36,440 --> 00:29:40,000
what they call the Vulcan. Okay, And so yeah, they're

573
00:29:40,039 --> 00:29:42,160
having production problems with the Vulcan. They only flew once

574
00:29:42,160 --> 00:29:45,240
that everybody's very annoyed, especially the Air Force who supported

575
00:29:45,319 --> 00:29:47,119
Vulcan ahead of Falcon nine.

576
00:29:47,839 --> 00:29:52,759
Speaker 1: And the rocket still doesn't work. Jul did fly five

577
00:29:53,039 --> 00:29:55,400
of the ten Atlas fives they promised. One was a

578
00:29:55,480 --> 00:29:59,279
Viasat satellite, which is a normal payload, and the other

579
00:29:59,400 --> 00:30:05,359
four were all Kuiper satellites. These are Jeff Bezos is

580
00:30:05,519 --> 00:30:10,039
alternative to Starlink. So, and if you're following along, Atlas

581
00:30:10,039 --> 00:30:13,720
five is the rocket that used engines actually from Russia

582
00:30:13,799 --> 00:30:17,319
or Ukraine, really the RD one eighty that are no

583
00:30:17,440 --> 00:30:19,759
longer available, and so there are only ten of these

584
00:30:19,839 --> 00:30:22,119
rockets left. There's supposed to only be five left, but

585
00:30:22,119 --> 00:30:25,279
now there's ten. Speaking of Kuiper, this is a subsidiary

586
00:30:25,279 --> 00:30:28,200
of Amazon. This is an alternative to Starlink. They started

587
00:30:28,240 --> 00:30:31,880
back in twenty nineteen. This year for some reason, because

588
00:30:31,880 --> 00:30:33,680
I like the name Kuyper, it's a good name. They

589
00:30:33,720 --> 00:30:37,960
renamed Amazon Leo okay, and that nice. So and again

590
00:30:38,000 --> 00:30:40,599
this is just a large network of satellites to provide

591
00:30:40,640 --> 00:30:43,960
Internet service. So the FCC authorized into fly three thousand,

592
00:30:44,000 --> 00:30:46,160
two hundred and thirty six satellites and they are allowed

593
00:30:46,200 --> 00:30:48,279
to begin service after they have five hundred and seventy

594
00:30:48,279 --> 00:30:50,839
eight satellites, of which, according to the terms of the FCC,

595
00:30:50,960 --> 00:30:53,240
they have to have half of that two hundred and

596
00:30:53,279 --> 00:30:56,680
eighty nine flown by July of twenty twenty six and

597
00:30:56,720 --> 00:30:58,480
the rest by July twenty twenty nine.

598
00:30:58,559 --> 00:31:02,519
Speaker 2: Do you have any idea how many any Internet satellites

599
00:31:02,559 --> 00:31:05,359
there are in orbit right now? I mean, if you

600
00:31:05,400 --> 00:31:06,160
had to guess.

601
00:31:06,000 --> 00:31:10,519
Speaker 1: Yeah, like you said, Starlink's around seven thousand, okay, right one,

602
00:31:10,559 --> 00:31:14,960
Web has twenty or thirty. This couple of Thermaia, there's

603
00:31:15,000 --> 00:31:18,160
there's a handful of others, but starlink is the dominant.

604
00:31:18,240 --> 00:31:21,519
Speaker 2: Some eight thousand tops maybe it's they figured the seven

605
00:31:21,559 --> 00:31:22,359
thousand operational.

606
00:31:22,400 --> 00:31:25,279
Speaker 1: Now they've flown ten thousand, but they're already rean to it.

607
00:31:25,319 --> 00:31:28,039
Speaker 2: So I remember when Starlink first came out that a

608
00:31:28,119 --> 00:31:30,200
bunch of astronoment we talked about this on the last

609
00:31:30,319 --> 00:31:32,680
last year yep or the year before, maybe a bunch

610
00:31:32,720 --> 00:31:36,119
of astronomers were really up in arms because yeah, they

611
00:31:36,119 --> 00:31:38,160
were polluting the view.

612
00:31:38,359 --> 00:31:40,240
Speaker 1: They're putting streaks in from Earth.

613
00:31:40,519 --> 00:31:44,799
Speaker 2: Yeah, and if you couldn't do a long term exposure

614
00:31:45,000 --> 00:31:49,000
of a celestial body without getting streaks, so is that

615
00:31:49,319 --> 00:31:51,839
even you don't even more of a problem.

616
00:31:51,920 --> 00:31:53,759
Speaker 1: But how come you don't hear about that anymore? Well,

617
00:31:53,799 --> 00:31:59,119
two things happened. The first is SpaceX worked pretty hard

618
00:31:59,240 --> 00:32:04,039
to make their spacecraft no longer reflective, so you don't

619
00:32:04,079 --> 00:32:07,799
have the light streak anymore, but it's still a blocking streak.

620
00:32:08,759 --> 00:32:12,119
But the reality is contemporary astronomy uses software anyway, and

621
00:32:12,160 --> 00:32:13,240
software can remove them.

622
00:32:13,319 --> 00:32:17,759
Speaker 2: Okay, So now I have seen the Starlink sure satellites

623
00:32:18,480 --> 00:32:20,559
in the sky, and they are reflective.

624
00:32:20,759 --> 00:32:23,640
Speaker 1: They are reflective when first deployed. Once they are actually

625
00:32:23,720 --> 00:32:25,440
in their orbits, they rotate so that they are no

626
00:32:25,480 --> 00:32:28,839
longer reflective. Oh, Okay, good on them, considering a seven

627
00:32:28,880 --> 00:32:31,359
thousand of them. If they were all reflective right now,

628
00:32:31,480 --> 00:32:33,160
you'd see them all the time.

629
00:32:33,160 --> 00:32:35,880
Speaker 2: Yes, right, right, okay, Well that's good news.

630
00:32:36,000 --> 00:32:38,880
Speaker 1: Yeah. So at this point with the launches, the four

631
00:32:38,960 --> 00:32:41,400
launches this year, Kuiper's up to one hundred and eighty

632
00:32:41,400 --> 00:32:43,839
satellites launch. They did four on Outlas fives, has done

633
00:32:43,880 --> 00:32:47,599
three on Falcon nines in twenty twenty six. They have

634
00:32:47,759 --> 00:32:51,119
a bunch more planned, four more Atlas fives, an Arian

635
00:32:51,359 --> 00:32:54,799
six and a Vulcan and a New Glen and we'll

636
00:32:54,799 --> 00:32:56,319
talk about New Glen in a minute, but the New

637
00:32:56,359 --> 00:32:58,759
Glens is the biggest rocket. So where the Atlas fives

638
00:32:58,759 --> 00:33:01,279
can only lift twenty seven of them, the Eugle Internet

639
00:33:01,359 --> 00:33:05,720
lift forty nine. So they're on track to meet their

640
00:33:05,799 --> 00:33:10,400
FCC goals and proposed that they'll have initial functionality by

641
00:33:10,440 --> 00:33:12,759
the edit twenty twenty six, so there will be a

642
00:33:12,759 --> 00:33:16,960
competitor to Starlink supposedly, okay, and a heck of a

643
00:33:16,960 --> 00:33:19,599
lot more satellites. Right We're going to fill up a

644
00:33:19,640 --> 00:33:21,400
lot of space with satellites. The good news is there's

645
00:33:21,400 --> 00:33:25,039
a lot of space up there, and the reality, of

646
00:33:25,039 --> 00:33:26,440
course is that This is always going to be an

647
00:33:26,440 --> 00:33:28,920
ongoing project. In order to keep latency low to make

648
00:33:28,960 --> 00:33:31,359
this a usable Internet service, you have to fly them

649
00:33:31,359 --> 00:33:34,279
low enough that they're constantly re entering. Typical lifespan for

650
00:33:34,279 --> 00:33:36,799
these satellites is going to be five years and then

651
00:33:36,799 --> 00:33:39,720
they're going to re enter. So you have to get

652
00:33:39,799 --> 00:33:42,519
up those three thousand satellites and then keep replacing with

653
00:33:42,559 --> 00:33:44,599
the rate that they're just that they re enter. Now

654
00:33:44,599 --> 00:33:46,880
when they re enter, do they just crash in the ocean.

655
00:33:46,880 --> 00:33:50,000
There's no recovery of these satellites, is there. They burn up? No,

656
00:33:50,079 --> 00:33:52,839
they burn up. These things are only a few hundred kilows.

657
00:33:52,839 --> 00:33:55,119
Nothing makes just the ground. Ah okay. The only time

658
00:33:55,119 --> 00:33:57,279
we run into issues with things reaching the ground is

659
00:33:57,279 --> 00:34:01,920
when they are in metric tons of as right, large

660
00:34:01,960 --> 00:34:03,920
second stages are the only things that reach the ground.

661
00:34:03,960 --> 00:34:05,319
Speaker 2: So when they burn up, are they going to look

662
00:34:05,359 --> 00:34:05,920
like meteors?

663
00:34:06,039 --> 00:34:08,679
Speaker 1: They do? They do? Yep, yeah, little meteor so you

664
00:34:08,719 --> 00:34:11,519
could see a starlink meteor shower. You might, but you know,

665
00:34:11,559 --> 00:34:13,280
you're only it's one or two at a time, and

666
00:34:13,320 --> 00:34:15,480
they're not very big, so they're not you know, typically,

667
00:34:15,679 --> 00:34:18,199
something that makes a nice street cross the sky is

668
00:34:18,199 --> 00:34:20,800
a couple of metric tons. Okay, yeah, and these are

669
00:34:20,880 --> 00:34:23,159
under a ton, so there they're not going to make

670
00:34:23,400 --> 00:34:26,239
much visible at all. Okay, all right, we'll talk about

671
00:34:26,280 --> 00:34:29,719
New Glen because this is the Blue Origin rocket that's

672
00:34:29,719 --> 00:34:33,000
been under development for decades. While SpaceX has been doing

673
00:34:33,039 --> 00:34:35,760
all the flying, there was this big rocket. Now, the

674
00:34:35,800 --> 00:34:37,599
design of New Glen was a good design in the

675
00:34:37,639 --> 00:34:40,599
sense that it's a big rocket. It's a seven meter rocket,

676
00:34:40,719 --> 00:34:43,000
so much larger than Fulcan nine, but not as big

677
00:34:43,000 --> 00:34:46,199
as Starship. And last year when we were doing this year,

678
00:34:46,239 --> 00:34:47,599
they were say they were going to fly in Deceeber

679
00:34:47,599 --> 00:34:49,960
twenty twenty four, which they did not. They flew in

680
00:34:50,039 --> 00:34:53,280
January of twenty twenty five. After over ten years of development.

681
00:34:53,800 --> 00:34:56,800
They only flew a prototype spacecraft, a carrier thing called

682
00:34:56,880 --> 00:35:01,119
Blue Ring, but it flew and it was gorgeous and

683
00:35:01,159 --> 00:35:04,039
again a massive rocket, like one of the largest rockets

684
00:35:04,039 --> 00:35:09,400
ever flown, big proper heavy left rocket. Later they later

685
00:35:09,480 --> 00:35:11,719
in the year, in November, they did their second flight,

686
00:35:11,920 --> 00:35:13,719
and this time they actually took a payload, a two

687
00:35:13,719 --> 00:35:16,480
space refoo to Mars called Escapade. We'll talk about that

688
00:35:16,519 --> 00:35:19,119
in the Mars section. There was also a vias that payload.

689
00:35:19,199 --> 00:35:23,800
But more importantly, on the very second flight of New Glen, ever,

690
00:35:24,559 --> 00:35:26,960
they landed a booster no kidding, They stuck it on

691
00:35:27,000 --> 00:35:29,840
the on the on the landing ship jackline about four

692
00:35:29,880 --> 00:35:30,920
hundred miles out to see.

693
00:35:31,039 --> 00:35:32,920
Speaker 2: So did they do that of their own accord or

694
00:35:32,920 --> 00:35:35,760
did they get some help from SpaceX to figure that out?

695
00:35:35,800 --> 00:35:38,679
Speaker 1: Oh no, those we're talking about Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos.

696
00:35:38,719 --> 00:35:42,360
Those guys are not buddies. Okay, so nope, yeah, you

697
00:35:42,360 --> 00:35:43,199
wouldn't know that.

698
00:35:43,320 --> 00:35:46,039
Speaker 2: I mean, yeah, yeah, they they they sends nights to

699
00:35:46,079 --> 00:35:47,400
each other on a regular basis.

700
00:35:47,400 --> 00:35:50,639
Speaker 1: But yeah, uh no. You know, the thing about it

701
00:35:50,679 --> 00:35:52,159
being done before is you can do it again. It's

702
00:35:52,159 --> 00:35:54,159
a bit but New Glenn had a big advantage that

703
00:35:54,239 --> 00:35:58,960
Faulcon nine does not have, which is it New Glenn's engines,

704
00:35:59,000 --> 00:36:01,079
the b E four's and the size of the rocket

705
00:36:01,159 --> 00:36:04,519
meant that they can actually throttle to a hover. Now

706
00:36:04,519 --> 00:36:05,960
you don't want to hover for very long, but it

707
00:36:06,000 --> 00:36:09,400
means you have enough control over flight that you can

708
00:36:09,960 --> 00:36:11,960
literally get it to a hover beforetside the ship and

709
00:36:11,960 --> 00:36:13,280
then move it over and landed, which is how they

710
00:36:13,320 --> 00:36:16,599
did it. Falcon nine can't do that. What made Falcon

711
00:36:16,719 --> 00:36:20,039
nine so challenging the land is that at the lowest

712
00:36:20,039 --> 00:36:22,440
thrust of a single engine, when they're down to the

713
00:36:22,519 --> 00:36:25,639
landing weight, it's too much thrust. It'll go back up,

714
00:36:26,159 --> 00:36:30,000
and so they had to do a perfect slam landing

715
00:36:30,119 --> 00:36:32,719
oh right, or what they call a suicide bird. You

716
00:36:32,800 --> 00:36:36,760
have to continuously accelerate so that you got zero velocity

717
00:36:36,800 --> 00:36:41,639
the moment you touch the ground. It's incredibly hard to

718
00:36:41,639 --> 00:36:43,480
pull off, and it's why it took so many tries

719
00:36:44,039 --> 00:36:47,239
to get the calculation exactly right so that you are

720
00:36:47,280 --> 00:36:50,280
at zero velocity when you reach that drone ship. Math.

721
00:36:50,559 --> 00:36:54,159
That's the challenge with Falcon nine. Math is huge, huge math.

722
00:36:54,239 --> 00:36:57,519
I remember that thing's moving, yeah, and your weight is changing.

723
00:36:57,559 --> 00:36:59,559
You don't know how long your burns were, Like you're

724
00:36:59,639 --> 00:37:02,880
timing has to be continuously adjusted to be able to

725
00:37:02,880 --> 00:37:04,920
do exactly the right burn, to be able to stop

726
00:37:05,000 --> 00:37:07,280
at the exact moment when you're at the surface. And

727
00:37:07,519 --> 00:37:11,480
New Glenn didn't have to do that. But let's be clear,

728
00:37:12,119 --> 00:37:19,639
that's the second orbital class booster to actually be landed, right.

729
00:37:20,280 --> 00:37:23,199
The starship boosters have never Starship's never gone into orbit,

730
00:37:23,239 --> 00:37:26,039
so it technically doesn't qualify, although they did successfully catch

731
00:37:26,039 --> 00:37:28,599
the booster. More the ones and Refly one in fact,

732
00:37:28,679 --> 00:37:32,920
and the next flight expected in January twenty twenty six

733
00:37:33,039 --> 00:37:36,119
of New Glenn will be the reflight of that booster

734
00:37:36,199 --> 00:37:39,639
that was caught. It landed in November, so they're on it. Wow.

735
00:37:39,920 --> 00:37:43,880
They've also announced a heavier version of New Glen. So

736
00:37:44,039 --> 00:37:47,519
the existing configuration of New Glen, which is seven meters rocket,

737
00:37:47,679 --> 00:37:51,639
has seven B fours, the big engines on the bottom

738
00:37:51,840 --> 00:37:55,960
and two vacuum engines on the upper stage. Did they

739
00:37:56,039 --> 00:37:58,800
call it B because it's a big engine? Is that

740
00:37:58,800 --> 00:38:05,599
what it stands for? Four? It's a Blue origin engine? Okay, yeah,

741
00:38:05,840 --> 00:38:07,239
it's not as much fun. By the way, those B

742
00:38:07,480 --> 00:38:09,119
fours that are on the New Glen are the same

743
00:38:09,159 --> 00:38:13,679
engines that the Vulcan rocket uses over on for Ula.

744
00:38:14,239 --> 00:38:15,840
So they've now said there's going to be a heavier

745
00:38:15,960 --> 00:38:19,719
version of New Glen with nine primary engines on the

746
00:38:19,760 --> 00:38:24,119
booster and four engines on the second stage, which should

747
00:38:24,119 --> 00:38:27,440
be able to carry substantial payloads to the Moon and

748
00:38:27,559 --> 00:38:29,679
to other heavy lifts. And we're going to talk about

749
00:38:30,239 --> 00:38:32,880
new heavy lift things coming because we're now having a

750
00:38:32,920 --> 00:38:36,800
collection at heavy Lift rockets. So yeah, next flights in January.

751
00:38:36,880 --> 00:38:38,960
It's going and it's going to lift a the Blue

752
00:38:38,960 --> 00:38:42,159
Moon mark one lander to the Moon. And at this moment,

753
00:38:42,199 --> 00:38:45,360
there's only three missions scheduled in twenty twenty six for

754
00:38:45,400 --> 00:38:47,679
New Glens. So they're not flying anywhere near the frequency

755
00:38:47,719 --> 00:38:50,880
of Vulcan nine, but they're getting there. Oh that's good. Yeah,

756
00:38:51,000 --> 00:38:53,599
So we've talked about SpaceX, we talked about ULA, We've

757
00:38:53,599 --> 00:38:57,480
talked about Blue Origin. There are a bunch of other

758
00:38:59,199 --> 00:39:02,760
flight platform out there, different rockets and so forth. Electron

759
00:39:03,039 --> 00:39:04,880
is a light is a light platform. Left they had

760
00:39:04,880 --> 00:39:08,920
seventeen flights this past year. Flyerfy Alpha had a SUCSS

761
00:39:08,960 --> 00:39:10,719
flight in twenty twenty four. They had one attempt at

762
00:39:10,719 --> 00:39:13,119
twenty twenty five when they failed. There's a bunch of others,

763
00:39:13,119 --> 00:39:15,719
but none of them have removed a lot of mass

764
00:39:15,800 --> 00:39:18,039
yet they're still at the beginning. So there's an interesting

765
00:39:18,079 --> 00:39:20,920
space you know, evolution going on right now. But other

766
00:39:21,079 --> 00:39:24,639
companies are trying to build recoverable rockets. They just haven't

767
00:39:24,639 --> 00:39:26,840
got anywhere. And I will talk about them when they start,

768
00:39:27,119 --> 00:39:30,000
you know, nail and payloads, but at this point they happened, Okay,

769
00:39:30,320 --> 00:39:32,360
all right, let's take a break, all right, we'll be

770
00:39:32,440 --> 00:39:37,719
right back after these very important messages. Stick around. You know.

771
00:39:37,880 --> 00:39:40,920
Speaker 2: Dot net six has officially reached the end of support,

772
00:39:41,000 --> 00:39:43,960
and now is the time to upgrade. Dot Net eight

773
00:39:44,079 --> 00:39:48,079
is well supported on AWS. Learn more at aws dot

774
00:39:48,119 --> 00:39:55,599
Amazon dot com, slash dot net. And we're back. It's

775
00:39:55,639 --> 00:39:58,960
dot net Rocks the twenty twenty five Space Geek Out

776
00:39:59,000 --> 00:40:02,440
with Richard Campbell. I'm Carl Franklin. That's Richard Hey, and

777
00:40:03,320 --> 00:40:06,079
we were just taking a little break and then talking

778
00:40:06,119 --> 00:40:09,000
about some more things in space in twenty twenty five.

779
00:40:09,079 --> 00:40:11,760
Speaker 1: Yeah. So we've done all the we've done all the platforms,

780
00:40:11,800 --> 00:40:14,599
all of the rocketry. For first half, let's start up

781
00:40:14,639 --> 00:40:18,199
talk about the International Space Station. I love it because

782
00:40:18,239 --> 00:40:20,800
this November was twenty five years of the station being

783
00:40:20,800 --> 00:40:23,559
continuously occupied. That's two hundred and ninety people from twenty

784
00:40:23,559 --> 00:40:24,239
six countries.

785
00:40:24,440 --> 00:40:26,599
Speaker 2: Was it that supposed to be decommissioned sometime soon?

786
00:40:27,280 --> 00:40:29,519
Speaker 1: Originally they talked about twenty twenty five, but they've extended

787
00:40:29,559 --> 00:40:31,960
now to twenty thirty. Oh that's good. And as we

788
00:40:32,039 --> 00:40:34,960
talked about last year, SpaceX has the contract to de

789
00:40:35,280 --> 00:40:38,719
orbit the space station. Okay, that's very intentional and there's

790
00:40:39,079 --> 00:40:41,039
you know, you say, well, why deorbit it, why not

791
00:40:41,199 --> 00:40:43,079
just leave it up there, sell it off or something,

792
00:40:43,119 --> 00:40:45,840
and the reality is that it's wearing out. Okays, things

793
00:40:45,880 --> 00:40:46,719
are breaking down.

794
00:40:46,639 --> 00:40:50,400
Speaker 2: So it's it's too expensive to repair, to bring it, it's.

795
00:40:50,360 --> 00:40:55,320
Speaker 1: Kind of impossible. The biggest issue is Zavezda, which is

796
00:40:54,199 --> 00:40:58,360
the main control unit, a Russian unit and one of

797
00:40:58,360 --> 00:41:00,599
the oldest one that was launched in two thousand. It's

798
00:41:00,599 --> 00:41:04,159
actually older than that. It was actually built originally in

799
00:41:04,159 --> 00:41:07,840
the nineteen eighties as the core for the second mir

800
00:41:08,000 --> 00:41:11,280
space station MIR two, which is actually derived from a

801
00:41:11,400 --> 00:41:16,119
salute design. The Soviet Union flew seven or eight salute

802
00:41:16,119 --> 00:41:20,880
space stations over the decades. In fact, every single space

803
00:41:20,920 --> 00:41:25,559
station with the exception of Skylab, has flown with a

804
00:41:25,639 --> 00:41:28,119
salute core of one form or another. Obviously, all the

805
00:41:28,159 --> 00:41:32,199
salutes mirror the original that was originally a salute core,

806
00:41:32,320 --> 00:41:34,239
with a bunch of add ons to that, as well

807
00:41:35,079 --> 00:41:38,920
be Internet and the Tiangong space station, the Chinese one

808
00:41:39,079 --> 00:41:42,960
derived from a salute design, and this Vezda module was

809
00:41:43,000 --> 00:41:45,920
originally a salute modified to be a mirror, then modified

810
00:41:45,920 --> 00:41:48,639
to do this, so it was already twenty year it

811
00:41:48,679 --> 00:41:50,719
was almost a twenty year old hull when it was

812
00:41:50,760 --> 00:41:55,920
flown in two thousand and it's leaking air. So the

813
00:41:55,960 --> 00:41:59,760
first detection of leaks were in twenty nineteen. Now that

814
00:41:59,800 --> 00:42:02,239
the this is Vesta modules quite large. It's made up

815
00:42:02,239 --> 00:42:05,280
of three parts, and the aftmost part is where the

816
00:42:05,320 --> 00:42:10,719
progress supplies the shuttles come in. They where they dock,

817
00:42:11,079 --> 00:42:15,000
and there's a tunnel that connects from the central module

818
00:42:15,119 --> 00:42:17,079
through to that progress booster, so you can take supplies

819
00:42:17,079 --> 00:42:19,119
and so forth. And it's somewhere in that tunnel is

820
00:42:19,119 --> 00:42:22,079
the leak. They've tried multiple repairs, they've not been able

821
00:42:22,119 --> 00:42:25,880
to get it nailed. It loses about a kilo of

822
00:42:25,920 --> 00:42:30,199
air a day. Wow geez. And so yeah, I believe

823
00:42:30,239 --> 00:42:34,400
it's just the Russians say it's fatigue. It's cracks from fatigue.

824
00:42:34,519 --> 00:42:37,159
It's just that old. It's taken all the shocks from docking.

825
00:42:37,639 --> 00:42:39,440
It's The current procedure right now is to keep that

826
00:42:39,480 --> 00:42:42,440
tunnel closed off during operation, so it just loo. It

827
00:42:42,519 --> 00:42:45,519
depressurizes on its own and then they put air back

828
00:42:45,559 --> 00:42:48,320
into it. It's relatively small, but when they do open it,

829
00:42:48,360 --> 00:42:52,000
they close off the US section just for safety's sake.

830
00:42:52,400 --> 00:42:53,599
But the fact that they have not been able to

831
00:42:53,599 --> 00:42:56,519
get that control is they've now this past year, they

832
00:42:56,639 --> 00:43:00,599
stopped commercial flights to the space station, so the Axium

833
00:43:00,719 --> 00:43:03,960
four flight, which was tourism to the space station, which

834
00:43:04,000 --> 00:43:05,880
is how Axiom was making money. They're trying to build

835
00:43:05,880 --> 00:43:08,880
their own space stations separate from the International Space Station.

836
00:43:09,360 --> 00:43:12,360
That whole flow has been cut off because of this issue.

837
00:43:12,440 --> 00:43:14,559
So they don't they're just they're losing enough air that

838
00:43:14,559 --> 00:43:17,159
they're trying to be careful. These last few years of

839
00:43:17,159 --> 00:43:20,440
the station are problematic. There's also an argument of rather

840
00:43:20,480 --> 00:43:22,000
than re enter it, why don't we take the newer

841
00:43:22,039 --> 00:43:24,760
pieces off. One of the problems that the space station

842
00:43:24,920 --> 00:43:27,039
was designed to be assembled, but it wasn't designed to

843
00:43:27,079 --> 00:43:31,239
be disassembled. And what is very common in space is

844
00:43:31,280 --> 00:43:33,719
when you put two metal surfaces in close contact to

845
00:43:33,760 --> 00:43:36,239
each other, like you would for an airtight seal, they

846
00:43:36,239 --> 00:43:39,800
actually weld together and they won't come apart. Huh yeah,

847
00:43:39,960 --> 00:43:42,239
wait a minute, I thought space was cold, not hot

848
00:43:42,320 --> 00:43:44,920
enough to weld metal. Well, this is cold welding, right,

849
00:43:44,960 --> 00:43:49,000
This is cold welding. Absolutely, yeah. It is the cold soak.

850
00:43:49,039 --> 00:43:51,119
And what it is is that they've when you have

851
00:43:51,239 --> 00:43:55,000
no normally when you have metals and you're in an atmosphere.

852
00:43:55,320 --> 00:43:57,800
As soon as you shave them, and they're pure metal,

853
00:43:57,840 --> 00:43:59,679
they oxidize. They create a little coating on top of

854
00:43:59,679 --> 00:44:01,880
the text them. Right now, when you put them together,

855
00:44:01,880 --> 00:44:03,719
the oxidized layers, they're not going to meld together. But

856
00:44:03,760 --> 00:44:07,440
when you're in space, when you're in a vacuum and

857
00:44:07,480 --> 00:44:10,920
there's no oxidation happening, there's really almost no difference between

858
00:44:10,920 --> 00:44:12,639
those two pieces of metal when they come in close

859
00:44:12,679 --> 00:44:15,400
contcent he eventually they just bond. That's so weird, and

860
00:44:15,440 --> 00:44:18,039
there's no way to unbond them. Yeah, it's one of

861
00:44:18,119 --> 00:44:21,639
the mainy weird things that happen in space. Well, I

862
00:44:21,679 --> 00:44:23,599
had no idea, Yeah, And so it's you know, I've

863
00:44:23,639 --> 00:44:26,840
always thought, well, just take the newer, take the laboratories off.

864
00:44:26,840 --> 00:44:28,800
They're newer, Like, why would you given you that up?

865
00:44:28,920 --> 00:44:31,400
Can't can't get them apart, can't do it. It's just

866
00:44:31,480 --> 00:44:33,320
no way to get them off. Yeah, sort of thing.

867
00:44:33,440 --> 00:44:36,599
Speaker 2: So it's going to deorbit in twenty thirty, and it's

868
00:44:36,599 --> 00:44:39,559
going to be intentionally de orbited in twenty three and

869
00:44:39,639 --> 00:44:42,320
probably just crashed in the ocean after it burns up.

870
00:44:42,320 --> 00:44:44,360
Speaker 1: That we're putting it down in Point Nemo, which is

871
00:44:44,400 --> 00:44:47,119
an area in the South Pacific furthest away from any habitation,

872
00:44:47,599 --> 00:44:49,559
at the same place they put the Mirror space Station

873
00:44:49,679 --> 00:44:51,679
back in the day. It will be a sad day,

874
00:44:51,719 --> 00:44:54,119
but it will have been an operation for thirty years,

875
00:44:54,159 --> 00:44:55,880
like it's been through a lot. Pretty cool.

876
00:44:56,079 --> 00:44:58,559
Speaker 2: Yeah, and are there any other plans to build a

877
00:44:58,639 --> 00:44:59,480
new space station?

878
00:45:00,000 --> 00:45:01,679
Speaker 1: I see you're just getting ahead of my story. Friend.

879
00:45:01,800 --> 00:45:05,119
Speaker 2: Well, you know that's the natural question. Yeah, so I'll

880
00:45:05,119 --> 00:45:07,000
answer that question. Well, we've got to do a couple

881
00:45:07,079 --> 00:45:09,360
more space station things. We'll get there. Okay.

882
00:45:09,440 --> 00:45:12,480
Speaker 1: This December, for the first time ever, all eight docking

883
00:45:12,519 --> 00:45:15,400
ports on the space station were occupied. They had two

884
00:45:15,480 --> 00:45:18,960
progressed cargo supply station ships up. They had two soy

885
00:45:19,079 --> 00:45:23,199
used crew capsules in plus the Signus resupply vessel and

886
00:45:23,280 --> 00:45:26,719
a cargo Dragon and a crew Dragon and the new

887
00:45:26,840 --> 00:45:31,480
Japanese htv X. So, yeah, they put eight docking ports

888
00:45:31,480 --> 00:45:33,760
on the figure. They never run out. They filled them all.

889
00:45:34,199 --> 00:45:38,239
No park, Yeah, no, it was an interesting moment. Obviously,

890
00:45:38,320 --> 00:45:40,480
those the sing this is probably the first to go.

891
00:45:40,639 --> 00:45:42,519
It just re enters, so they typically fill it with

892
00:45:42,559 --> 00:45:45,000
garbage and it's and then it burns back up, but

893
00:45:45,159 --> 00:45:47,280
and the hdv X will do some things, they'll move

894
00:45:47,280 --> 00:45:51,920
that out. Therefore, we talked of there will be two

895
00:45:52,000 --> 00:45:55,639
crew dragons this year ten and eleven. Eleven is the

896
00:45:55,679 --> 00:45:57,760
one that's currently there, and there's two soyas is up.

897
00:45:57,760 --> 00:45:59,760
They're both still up, but I need to talk about

898
00:46:00,119 --> 00:46:02,360
twenty eight which is the current last say years, it

899
00:46:02,440 --> 00:46:06,280
launched no problem, but after the launch it was discovered

900
00:46:06,320 --> 00:46:10,000
that the launch platform that it flies from in Baikanar

901
00:46:10,159 --> 00:46:13,559
this is in Kazakhstan Okay had an accident. Oh that

902
00:46:13,599 --> 00:46:17,840
has taken it offline. It's very serious. So the Soyus

903
00:46:17,840 --> 00:46:19,719
design is from the sixties, right, it's been a long

904
00:46:19,800 --> 00:46:23,480
time and they so they literally put a kind of

905
00:46:23,679 --> 00:46:26,519
match up into all the rocket engines to launch them.

906
00:46:26,519 --> 00:46:30,119
And to do that, there's this slide out platform. So

907
00:46:30,159 --> 00:46:32,920
they bring the rocket into the pad on its side

908
00:46:32,960 --> 00:46:36,239
on a train and then they stand it up over

909
00:46:36,280 --> 00:46:39,480
a flame trench, this giantic lighter that somebody has to

910
00:46:39,639 --> 00:46:43,840
like what well, in order to get to those engines,

911
00:46:43,880 --> 00:46:46,960
there's this slide out platform that comes in underneath the

912
00:46:47,079 --> 00:46:49,159
rocket and there's a bunch of work that's done there.

913
00:46:49,199 --> 00:46:51,199
This is how they arm a bunch of things and

914
00:46:52,119 --> 00:46:55,079
do a bunch of tests and do the ignition. Well,

915
00:46:55,159 --> 00:47:00,000
during the launch of MS twenty eight, somehow that platform

916
00:47:00,079 --> 00:47:03,719
forms slid out from its protected helding area, got blasted

917
00:47:03,719 --> 00:47:06,000
by the rocket, blown off its rails and into the

918
00:47:06,039 --> 00:47:08,800
flame trench. It's destroyed, Oh my gosh, and it has

919
00:47:08,840 --> 00:47:12,880
to be rebuilt. So at this moment, there's no way

920
00:47:12,920 --> 00:47:17,280
to launch a soy Use or a progress rocket capsule

921
00:47:17,639 --> 00:47:20,280
to the International Space Station. That is the only pad

922
00:47:20,320 --> 00:47:24,119
that can do it, and you can't go to any

923
00:47:24,159 --> 00:47:26,000
of the other pads in Russia because they're not in

924
00:47:26,039 --> 00:47:28,920
the right angles for actually getting to the International Space Station.

925
00:47:29,000 --> 00:47:32,360
So they have to repair this one, and it begs

926
00:47:32,360 --> 00:47:35,599
the question will they There's only five years left of

927
00:47:35,639 --> 00:47:39,760
the station, and the Russian economy is not in good

928
00:47:39,760 --> 00:47:43,239
shape right now. They got into a little mistake, i

929
00:47:43,280 --> 00:47:47,719
would say, a little excursion in Qukraine. It's been going

930
00:47:47,760 --> 00:47:50,679
on for years and it's destroying their economy and this

931
00:47:50,760 --> 00:47:53,039
is a lot of money to repair this thing. So

932
00:47:53,079 --> 00:47:54,519
there's a question of whether or not they're going to

933
00:47:54,559 --> 00:47:56,079
be able to fly, and there's even a question of

934
00:47:56,119 --> 00:47:59,039
whether it was an accident. You know, it's one thing

935
00:47:59,039 --> 00:48:02,639
to just demandon this's nothing, to have a mysterious accent

936
00:48:02,679 --> 00:48:04,079
and not be able to do anything well.

937
00:48:04,159 --> 00:48:10,239
Speaker 2: Russia isn't really known for unexplained accidental terminations of things

938
00:48:10,280 --> 00:48:10,760
in people.

939
00:48:11,000 --> 00:48:14,119
Speaker 1: And you would presume that we can operate without the

940
00:48:14,199 --> 00:48:16,400
sole use because we just use crew dragons, which is true,

941
00:48:16,480 --> 00:48:18,320
that's the no question of that. But can we operate

942
00:48:18,360 --> 00:48:21,800
without the Progress? Now, we can do cargo resupply with

943
00:48:21,840 --> 00:48:23,760
any of the other methods like the Sickness and the

944
00:48:23,760 --> 00:48:27,920
cargo dragon in htv X, but the Progress is one

945
00:48:28,039 --> 00:48:31,679
thing that nothing else does, which is that it refuels

946
00:48:31,800 --> 00:48:37,559
the Zevezda module for station reboosting. There's automatic connections between

947
00:48:37,599 --> 00:48:40,639
Progress and that Zvezda module the pump fuel for that

948
00:48:40,960 --> 00:48:42,960
exactly that process for doing reboosts.

949
00:48:42,960 --> 00:48:46,360
Speaker 2: So SpaceX couldn't build something similar, I mean in the

950
00:48:46,400 --> 00:48:49,039
next five years, or retrofit one of the falcons to

951
00:48:49,320 --> 00:48:49,719
do that.

952
00:48:50,199 --> 00:48:53,239
Speaker 1: We're gonna that's the question. Do we find a way

953
00:48:53,239 --> 00:48:56,559
to fly Progress anyway like repair that, figure out how

954
00:48:56,559 --> 00:48:58,719
to repair that as as strained as the relationship is

955
00:48:58,719 --> 00:49:01,079
with the Russians, or do we up with other reboost

956
00:49:01,119 --> 00:49:07,199
options We've experimented with reboosting with the existing cargo dragon,

957
00:49:07,360 --> 00:49:10,119
but they're not really set up for it. They're not

958
00:49:10,239 --> 00:49:12,639
on the right axis, they don't mount to the right point,

959
00:49:12,920 --> 00:49:16,280
they're not designed. The docking ports on the Russian side

960
00:49:16,320 --> 00:49:18,920
are different from the docking ports on the US side.

961
00:49:19,639 --> 00:49:21,800
So it is an open question right now.

962
00:49:22,159 --> 00:49:27,199
Speaker 2: Is there a deadline after which they'll run out of fuel?

963
00:49:27,440 --> 00:49:30,280
Speaker 1: Yes, The big issue is how often you need to

964
00:49:30,320 --> 00:49:35,679
reboot the International Space Station, and so they really only

965
00:49:35,719 --> 00:49:39,480
do this once a month or so, so they're going

966
00:49:39,519 --> 00:49:41,039
to have some fuel to be doing it for a while.

967
00:49:41,119 --> 00:49:43,519
So they have a little bit of time, but not much.

968
00:49:43,559 --> 00:49:46,360
And it's quite but you've got to communicate. The Russians

969
00:49:46,400 --> 00:49:48,280
aren't being too communicative. But if they're going to come

970
00:49:48,320 --> 00:49:51,840
bring progress back online versus, are we going to have

971
00:49:51,880 --> 00:49:55,320
to come up with an alternative. So yeah, it's an

972
00:49:55,320 --> 00:49:58,320
open question. And this only happened in November. There's no

973
00:49:58,360 --> 00:50:01,480
good answers right now, and it and it genuinely jeopardizes

974
00:50:01,519 --> 00:50:02,519
the International Space Station.

975
00:50:02,679 --> 00:50:05,239
Speaker 2: So if they can't refuel, does that mean everybody has

976
00:50:05,280 --> 00:50:06,480
to come home and we're done?

977
00:50:06,519 --> 00:50:10,000
Speaker 1: Well, that's exactly it. If they that space station is

978
00:50:10,039 --> 00:50:12,960
not designed to operate without people on board. If they

979
00:50:13,000 --> 00:50:15,039
fully evacuate it, there's a concern that they would not

980
00:50:15,079 --> 00:50:18,519
be able to reoccupy it. And you do not want

981
00:50:18,519 --> 00:50:21,119
that thing re entering under out of control. That is

982
00:50:21,199 --> 00:50:25,760
a four hundred ton vehicle that is the largest thing

983
00:50:25,800 --> 00:50:29,880
ever flown into space. It needs to be control re entered.

984
00:50:30,199 --> 00:50:32,559
And we don't actually know the situation right now. Now

985
00:50:32,559 --> 00:50:36,679
there's time. We probably got a year to figure this out,

986
00:50:37,360 --> 00:50:39,239
but it does need to be figured out, and we're

987
00:50:39,280 --> 00:50:42,000
just you know, we're happen to be recording when nobody knows.

988
00:50:42,800 --> 00:50:45,440
Speaker 2: So it's and just in case you didn't know this,

989
00:50:45,519 --> 00:50:49,480
but getting an ISS tracker on your phone or download

990
00:50:49,519 --> 00:50:52,159
one of those apps or something which will notify you

991
00:50:52,199 --> 00:50:55,960
when it's going to go overhead. And it's a great

992
00:50:56,000 --> 00:50:58,360
thing to bring your kids out on the front lawn

993
00:50:58,480 --> 00:51:01,960
and look up and see this dot, you know, and

994
00:51:02,000 --> 00:51:06,559
it whizzes by dot whizzing overhead, and to know that

995
00:51:06,639 --> 00:51:08,800
it's going how many thousands of miles an hour?

996
00:51:08,840 --> 00:51:09,000
Speaker 1: Is it?

997
00:51:09,039 --> 00:51:11,960
Speaker 2: Twenty thousand, twenty five thousand, yeah, twenty five thousand miles

998
00:51:12,000 --> 00:51:12,519
an hour.

999
00:51:12,440 --> 00:51:15,239
Speaker 1: And there's people on it, and there's people on it.

1000
00:51:15,239 --> 00:51:18,639
Speaker 2: It's just it's just one of those Star Trek kind

1001
00:51:18,639 --> 00:51:20,920
of moments that you can share with your kids.

1002
00:51:20,639 --> 00:51:23,719
Speaker 1: That look, there's people on that thing. Well, and for

1003
00:51:23,840 --> 00:51:27,840
twenty five years now there have been humans in orbit NonStop. Yeah,

1004
00:51:27,880 --> 00:51:31,559
it's amazing. Speaking of other failures, remember star Liner, Yeah,

1005
00:51:31,679 --> 00:51:35,360
refresh my memory. Though. Starliner is the alternative to Crew Dragon.

1006
00:51:35,440 --> 00:51:37,800
This was supposed to be the low risk option, and

1007
00:51:37,840 --> 00:51:41,519
this is by who, built by Boeing Boeing, Yes, okay, yes,

1008
00:51:41,719 --> 00:51:44,559
and so they've spent so the NASA spent twice as

1009
00:51:44,639 --> 00:51:47,559
much on it as they did for Crew Dragon, and

1010
00:51:47,679 --> 00:51:50,719
data has just been a steady series of failures. In

1011
00:51:50,840 --> 00:51:53,119
twenty four and June at twenty twenty four, they finally

1012
00:51:53,119 --> 00:51:55,400
did a flight to the space station with Butch Wilmar

1013
00:51:55,440 --> 00:51:57,559
and Sunny Williams on board, right, and then the launch

1014
00:51:57,559 --> 00:52:01,119
itself went very well, but they the capsule it still

1015
00:52:01,159 --> 00:52:03,119
started having problems as soon as it got there. And

1016
00:52:03,159 --> 00:52:05,039
at the time when we were talking about this twenty four,

1017
00:52:05,440 --> 00:52:08,039
they didn't really have all the details yet, but it's

1018
00:52:08,079 --> 00:52:10,519
now come out as to how serious the situation was,

1019
00:52:10,559 --> 00:52:13,960
and the situation the issue was these control thrusters so

1020
00:52:14,119 --> 00:52:17,679
around the Starliners made up of a capsule with a

1021
00:52:17,719 --> 00:52:20,280
service module mounted on the back. The service modules dropped

1022
00:52:20,320 --> 00:52:23,239
before they re enter, and that service module has all

1023
00:52:23,280 --> 00:52:24,880
these trusters on it, and they put them in these

1024
00:52:24,920 --> 00:52:28,559
four little bays they call dog houses, and each one

1025
00:52:28,599 --> 00:52:32,760
of them has seven thrusters along with the primary boost engines,

1026
00:52:32,800 --> 00:52:35,159
the engines that actually put it into orbit. That might

1027
00:52:35,199 --> 00:52:37,119
be part of the problem because it was never tested

1028
00:52:37,119 --> 00:52:40,960
properly in integration. It appears to overheat when it's fully assembled.

1029
00:52:42,039 --> 00:52:45,599
And so as they were coming in towards the space station,

1030
00:52:45,719 --> 00:52:48,400
they were at v Bar, which is about two hundred

1031
00:52:48,400 --> 00:52:51,039
and sixty meters away or eight hundred and so feet,

1032
00:52:51,320 --> 00:52:53,800
they had they had two boosters to two of the

1033
00:52:53,880 --> 00:52:56,800
thrusters fail and at that point they're one failure away

1034
00:52:56,800 --> 00:53:01,480
from having to aboart according to the rules, right, and

1035
00:53:01,599 --> 00:53:04,320
both the failures were on the lower side of the ship,

1036
00:53:04,639 --> 00:53:07,480
and there were the thrusters that push aft right each

1037
00:53:07,800 --> 00:53:11,199
doghouse there's four of them, have two aft thrusters, two

1038
00:53:11,800 --> 00:53:14,519
forward thrusters, and then three radial thrusters that pushed the

1039
00:53:14,599 --> 00:53:15,360
side or rotate.

1040
00:53:15,679 --> 00:53:18,199
Speaker 2: So they could have just been floating in space right

1041
00:53:18,239 --> 00:53:20,679
off the bow of the space station.

1042
00:53:20,840 --> 00:53:24,400
Speaker 1: They were very close. Yeah, and then a third thruster failed.

1043
00:53:25,039 --> 00:53:27,239
At this point, according to the rules, they should have aboarded,

1044
00:53:27,280 --> 00:53:30,559
but they didn't. NASA, I think they had go fever

1045
00:53:30,679 --> 00:53:33,760
the way they waved it off. And then a fourth

1046
00:53:33,800 --> 00:53:37,519
thruster failed. Jeez. Right, they're now fully immanual control. And

1047
00:53:37,559 --> 00:53:41,760
at this point they're all aft thrusters. So there's two

1048
00:53:41,840 --> 00:53:44,320
on the lower and two on the port side. So

1049
00:53:44,400 --> 00:53:46,519
if they fire the other ones, it's going to spin

1050
00:53:46,639 --> 00:53:50,840
the craft. Right, so there's a debate of j we

1051
00:53:51,039 --> 00:53:54,000
aboard and now then question is can they even safely aboard?

1052
00:53:54,159 --> 00:53:57,119
Could they safely re enter? Right? They're not sure if

1053
00:53:57,119 --> 00:53:59,320
they can get in a proper position just to re enter,

1054
00:54:00,159 --> 00:54:03,119
And so the on the ground side at Houston, they

1055
00:54:03,159 --> 00:54:06,239
decide to reset the computer, turn it off, turn it

1056
00:54:06,280 --> 00:54:08,679
back on again. The universe will fix. That's it. And

1057
00:54:08,719 --> 00:54:11,480
then the interview with Butch Wilmore about this. He's really

1058
00:54:11,519 --> 00:54:13,400
not keen, like what if this thing doesn't come back?

1059
00:54:13,440 --> 00:54:16,079
Like I'm stranded, right, and he doesn't want to give

1060
00:54:16,119 --> 00:54:18,639
up control. But they do it, and in that reboot,

1061
00:54:18,920 --> 00:54:22,239
two of those thrusters come back, so it's like, Okay,

1062
00:54:22,320 --> 00:54:23,960
that's in. Now it's controllable.

1063
00:54:24,239 --> 00:54:27,639
Speaker 2: So it was a software glitch, not a not a

1064
00:54:27,719 --> 00:54:28,679
mechanical glitch.

1065
00:54:28,760 --> 00:54:32,800
Speaker 1: Well, this is exactly right. The thrusters were overheating and

1066
00:54:32,840 --> 00:54:36,320
the software was locking them out, so resetting the software

1067
00:54:36,360 --> 00:54:38,480
would bring them back, because once they get locked out,

1068
00:54:38,519 --> 00:54:40,920
they won't necessarily ever bring them back. But as soon

1069
00:54:40,960 --> 00:54:45,320
as Wilmore starts to do approach, another thruster fails. Good lord,

1070
00:54:45,719 --> 00:54:49,199
So they do another restart, and that time all but

1071
00:54:49,400 --> 00:54:51,719
one comes back and they're able. And at that point

1072
00:54:51,880 --> 00:54:53,480
even Wilmore doesn't have to do it. They now are

1073
00:54:53,480 --> 00:54:55,519
in the automatic dock rules, and so they turn an

1074
00:54:55,519 --> 00:54:58,960
automatic dock dock to the space station. That's why the

1075
00:54:59,000 --> 00:55:01,039
state the docking took so long.

1076
00:55:01,239 --> 00:55:04,079
Speaker 2: Now is that thing still up there? No, no, no,

1077
00:55:04,400 --> 00:55:07,719
this all got resolved in twenty four and twenty five. Okay,

1078
00:55:08,000 --> 00:55:09,559
but you remember they were only supposed to be there

1079
00:55:09,599 --> 00:55:11,719
for a week and then come back and ended up

1080
00:55:11,719 --> 00:55:14,039
being there for nine months. Yeah, and I know they

1081
00:55:14,039 --> 00:55:16,880
came home, but I didn't. I didn't pay attention enough

1082
00:55:16,920 --> 00:55:18,280
to know how they came home.

1083
00:55:18,480 --> 00:55:20,760
Speaker 1: Well, they came home on a crew Dragon. Okay, so

1084
00:55:21,480 --> 00:55:23,679
after months of tinkering with it, trying to figure out

1085
00:55:23,719 --> 00:55:27,239
what to do, they decided NASA against Boeing's best wishes.

1086
00:55:27,400 --> 00:55:30,239
Boeing wanted to said this, fine, bring him back. NASA

1087
00:55:30,320 --> 00:55:31,920
is like, nope, we're not bringing them back. And so

1088
00:55:32,119 --> 00:55:34,880
Crew Dragon nine is currently ten and eleven up there, right.

1089
00:55:34,880 --> 00:55:37,400
But Crew Dragon nine they took two of the astronauts

1090
00:55:37,440 --> 00:55:40,119
off so that Sonny and Butch could come back on

1091
00:55:40,199 --> 00:55:43,039
that and they came back in March of twenty twenty five. Yeah,

1092
00:55:43,079 --> 00:55:45,079
and then they were able to catch up with everything else.

1093
00:55:45,239 --> 00:55:47,199
Speaker 2: Some amazing television by the way.

1094
00:55:47,119 --> 00:55:50,840
Speaker 1: It's crazy. Yeah. Now, star Liner did come back right

1095
00:55:50,960 --> 00:55:54,159
in September. It landed without anybody on board, completely successfully.

1096
00:55:54,199 --> 00:55:56,920
So presumably it would have been fine if they had

1097
00:55:56,960 --> 00:55:58,480
come back, but he didn't know for sure. But they

1098
00:55:58,519 --> 00:56:01,039
didn't want to risk it. Yeah, wasn't worth the risk.

1099
00:56:01,079 --> 00:56:03,719
Nobody wants to lose astronauts. Those guys don't want to die.

1100
00:56:04,000 --> 00:56:05,760
They ended up nine months on the space station, which

1101
00:56:05,800 --> 00:56:07,840
is very happy for them. They loved being up there.

1102
00:56:08,159 --> 00:56:12,159
Speaker 2: Yeah, I remember their interview and they said, we were

1103
00:56:12,239 --> 00:56:15,280
happy to be there. You know, the more hours on

1104
00:56:15,320 --> 00:56:16,840
the space station, the better for us.

1105
00:56:16,920 --> 00:56:18,800
Speaker 1: The better. These are astronauts, they're weird.

1106
00:56:18,840 --> 00:56:21,280
Speaker 2: Right, Yeah, that's what they live for like they should.

1107
00:56:21,079 --> 00:56:26,280
Speaker 1: Not normal humans. They're not normal at all. So at

1108
00:56:26,280 --> 00:56:29,079
that point that this year there's been no star Liner flights,

1109
00:56:29,079 --> 00:56:32,000
not at all, not in twenty twenty five, I wonder why.

1110
00:56:32,480 --> 00:56:35,199
Speaker 2: Yeah, the negotiations, This isn't the only problem going hap

1111
00:56:35,320 --> 00:56:35,519
in the.

1112
00:56:35,599 --> 00:56:38,320
Speaker 1: Last few years. No, Bowe's don't have a good time, right,

1113
00:56:38,400 --> 00:56:40,960
all kinds of problems, and there was other issues with

1114
00:56:41,000 --> 00:56:43,599
starlight or helium leaks and things like that. So the

1115
00:56:43,679 --> 00:56:46,679
current plan now is to fly Starliner back to the

1116
00:56:46,679 --> 00:56:50,119
space station as a cargo flight, okay, in April of

1117
00:56:50,119 --> 00:56:52,920
twenty twenty six, and if that goes well, then they'll

1118
00:56:52,960 --> 00:56:55,920
start crew flights. But here's the problem. The original contract

1119
00:56:55,920 --> 00:56:59,679
they signed more than a decade ago, was for six

1120
00:56:59,760 --> 00:57:02,679
flight and there's not enough time left in the space

1121
00:57:02,719 --> 00:57:07,840
station to do those six flights. So they I don't

1122
00:57:07,840 --> 00:57:09,639
know how they're going to renegotiate the terms on all.

1123
00:57:09,800 --> 00:57:12,360
They returned some money something like that. Good luck with that,

1124
00:57:12,559 --> 00:57:15,800
something like that, Yeah, good luck. Another vehicle for really

1125
00:57:15,840 --> 00:57:19,440
to space station is Dream Chasers. This is Sierra Nevada

1126
00:57:19,480 --> 00:57:22,840
Corporate now call this Elciera Space which has a little

1127
00:57:23,719 --> 00:57:26,960
like shuttle like vehicle called dream Chaser. So who's behind

1128
00:57:26,960 --> 00:57:30,119
that company? So Sierra Nevada, it's their own company, and.

1129
00:57:30,119 --> 00:57:33,239
Speaker 2: They write, is there any evil genius behind that that

1130
00:57:33,280 --> 00:57:33,519
we know?

1131
00:57:33,760 --> 00:57:36,039
Speaker 1: No? No, no, This is an old fashioned space company

1132
00:57:36,039 --> 00:57:40,719
man like Boeing, right, but a smaller one. And they've

1133
00:57:40,719 --> 00:57:43,440
been working out dream Chaser for decades. And they were

1134
00:57:43,480 --> 00:57:46,039
originally in the commercial crew development, so they were supposed

1135
00:57:46,039 --> 00:57:47,639
to be one of the alternative crew, but they got

1136
00:57:47,679 --> 00:57:50,840
caught after phase two in twenty twenty four in favor

1137
00:57:50,880 --> 00:57:53,280
of Starliner and Crew Dragon. Yeah, maybe they cut the

1138
00:57:53,320 --> 00:57:55,840
wrong one right because star Liner was such a mess.

1139
00:57:56,199 --> 00:57:58,480
But in twenty twenty six they got a slot in

1140
00:57:58,519 --> 00:58:02,280
this second commercial resupply services, so instead of flying crew,

1141
00:58:02,400 --> 00:58:05,840
fly cargo. And there's a case for Dreamliner because it

1142
00:58:05,920 --> 00:58:09,800
lands on a runway, it undergoes a lot less acceleration

1143
00:58:09,920 --> 00:58:12,159
than a capsule. So if you have a delicate experiment

1144
00:58:12,199 --> 00:58:14,800
you want to bring back to Earth, Dreamliner might be

1145
00:58:14,840 --> 00:58:16,280
the only way you could do it.

1146
00:58:16,840 --> 00:58:18,760
Speaker 2: Because it lands like the Shuttle used to land.

1147
00:58:18,920 --> 00:58:22,000
Speaker 1: Yeah, lands like the Shuttle exactly right, A lot gentler.

1148
00:58:22,239 --> 00:58:25,360
Speaker 2: And how big is it relative to the other It's

1149
00:58:25,400 --> 00:58:26,199
quite a bit smaller.

1150
00:58:26,239 --> 00:58:29,280
Speaker 1: It's bigger than the capsules. It's a little space plane, right,

1151
00:58:29,719 --> 00:58:32,519
It's nowhere near as large as shuttles. Enormous, right, This

1152
00:58:32,559 --> 00:58:34,639
thing would fit in the shuttle bay a little bit easily.

1153
00:58:34,760 --> 00:58:36,199
It's supposed to be launched on the top of an

1154
00:58:36,199 --> 00:58:39,039
Atlas five, right, or a Vulcan. But it took um

1155
00:58:39,039 --> 00:58:40,719
time to actually get it ready. So they were supposed

1156
00:58:40,719 --> 00:58:43,760
to fly to do some They they in twenty sixteen.

1157
00:58:43,800 --> 00:58:46,679
They win the contract to do cargo resupply, got seven

1158
00:58:46,719 --> 00:58:49,400
flights to the ISS starting in twenty twenty one, and

1159
00:58:49,440 --> 00:58:51,679
they just weren't ready. Then they delated twenty two, then

1160
00:58:51,679 --> 00:58:55,679
they delayed in twenty three. They only finish flight flight

1161
00:58:55,719 --> 00:58:57,119
testing in twenty twenty four.

1162
00:58:57,400 --> 00:58:59,360
Speaker 2: Is there any evidence that Boeing has got its act

1163
00:58:59,400 --> 00:59:01,000
together after all this nonsense?

1164
00:59:01,159 --> 00:59:02,719
Speaker 1: Things are getting better, but this is not bowing to

1165
00:59:02,760 --> 00:59:05,320
Sierra Nevada like Boeing has turned the corner.

1166
00:59:05,360 --> 00:59:08,280
Speaker 2: I know, but I but I didn't ask that when

1167
00:59:08,320 --> 00:59:10,719
we were talking about Boeing in the Dreamliner and all that.

1168
00:59:11,239 --> 00:59:13,920
Speaker 1: With Starliner. Now, I don't know if Starliner is actually

1169
00:59:13,960 --> 00:59:16,719
going to get any better. We'll see, Like obviously they

1170
00:59:16,760 --> 00:59:18,840
didn't do sufficient testing. The cut corners here and there,

1171
00:59:18,840 --> 00:59:22,360
and it all shows on their airliner side. They've absolutely

1172
00:59:22,360 --> 00:59:24,280
turned the corner and the Max has been straightened out,

1173
00:59:24,360 --> 00:59:26,639
like Boeing seems to be putting They've got a new CEO.

1174
00:59:26,719 --> 00:59:28,480
They seem to be putting things back together. That might

1175
00:59:28,639 --> 00:59:31,800
be profitable one day, right, but I don't know the

1176
00:59:31,800 --> 00:59:37,440
star Line are salvageable right Anyway, Dreamliner was supposed to

1177
00:59:37,480 --> 00:59:40,960
fly in twenty four, but it was supposed to be

1178
00:59:40,960 --> 00:59:43,199
on the first Vulcan flight and that got bumped for

1179
00:59:43,239 --> 00:59:45,880
a national security flight. And then the Vulcan has been

1180
00:59:45,920 --> 00:59:48,599
delayed so they haven't been able to fly, and so

1181
00:59:49,280 --> 00:59:51,400
then they bumped it out to May of twenty five,

1182
00:59:51,400 --> 00:59:54,679
and then it's September twenty five, and finally now NASA's

1183
00:59:54,679 --> 00:59:56,920
amended the contract the CRS two country to say, hey,

1184
00:59:56,960 --> 00:59:59,599
we're going to just do one free flight, will pay

1185
01:00:00,079 --> 01:00:03,599
for you to fly Dreamliner a dream Chaser once. Do

1186
01:00:03,639 --> 01:00:05,880
you think without resupply, do you think.

1187
01:00:05,719 --> 01:00:09,000
Speaker 2: Any of these delays have anything to do with just

1188
01:00:09,039 --> 01:00:11,760
the state of the economy and the government shutting down

1189
01:00:11,880 --> 01:00:13,280
agencies and things like that.

1190
01:00:13,400 --> 01:00:15,679
Speaker 1: I think there's certainly an impact of that. And also,

1191
01:00:15,960 --> 01:00:19,440
you know Sean Duffy, who is really the Cabinet Minister

1192
01:00:19,480 --> 01:00:24,280
for Transport, not really the NASA administrator just did a

1193
01:00:24,320 --> 01:00:25,960
different view in all of these things, and so that

1194
01:00:26,039 --> 01:00:28,280
everything's been kind of up in the air. Although as

1195
01:00:28,320 --> 01:00:33,280
we're recording this, Jared Isaacman is now the new Massive Administrator.

1196
01:00:33,280 --> 01:00:35,880
He was originally supposed to be earlier in the year,

1197
01:00:36,000 --> 01:00:37,800
then they walked away from him, and now they've come

1198
01:00:37,840 --> 01:00:40,239
back around to him again. And this is the guy

1199
01:00:40,280 --> 01:00:43,239
who did inspiration for he's actually flown in space. He's

1200
01:00:43,280 --> 01:00:47,000
the first, you know, non astronaut to do a spacewalk.

1201
01:00:47,199 --> 01:00:50,039
He's for civilian to do a spacewalk. Like he's a billionaire,

1202
01:00:50,119 --> 01:00:53,079
so he's, you know, weird, has his own air force,

1203
01:00:53,760 --> 01:00:57,920
but he's very much into space and so we'll see

1204
01:00:58,119 --> 01:01:00,599
what this does. And he's certainly playing on the angle

1205
01:01:00,639 --> 01:01:02,960
of the US needs to get to the Moon ahead

1206
01:01:02,960 --> 01:01:05,360
of the Chinese, and to try and stay ahead of

1207
01:01:05,400 --> 01:01:08,920
the Chinese. That's sort of his vision, all right, So

1208
01:01:09,400 --> 01:01:11,840
I mean dream Chaser. Hopefully they'll get a flight. It's

1209
01:01:11,880 --> 01:01:19,920
cool to have a new little space plane. But we'll see,

1210
01:01:19,960 --> 01:01:21,960
And especially when we talk about the alternatives of the

1211
01:01:22,000 --> 01:01:25,480
International Space Station, Chaser has a role to play. That's good.

1212
01:01:26,960 --> 01:01:29,280
One more thing related to the International Space Station. That's

1213
01:01:29,440 --> 01:01:31,639
HDV X. I mentioned it as one of the vehicles

1214
01:01:31,639 --> 01:01:34,000
that was currently at the space station. This was a

1215
01:01:34,039 --> 01:01:37,840
successor to Japan's contribution to the International Space Station, which

1216
01:01:37,880 --> 01:01:41,119
was the HDV supply vehicle. Their goal, and this is

1217
01:01:41,119 --> 01:01:44,440
such a good goal, cut the cost of the HDV

1218
01:01:44,519 --> 01:01:47,280
in half while supplying the same number of supplies, and

1219
01:01:47,320 --> 01:01:50,599
they pulled it off. Wow. They simplified the vehicle so

1220
01:01:50,679 --> 01:01:53,039
it actually carries as much still as a four thousand

1221
01:01:53,119 --> 01:01:57,119
kilogram payload, same as the HDV, but simplified. And so

1222
01:01:58,119 --> 01:02:01,320
that was the test flight happened this year, it's passed,

1223
01:02:01,880 --> 01:02:05,440
and so next year they'll fly twice two more htvx's.

1224
01:02:05,519 --> 01:02:08,159
Speaker 2: So that's great, it's great, all right, we could learn

1225
01:02:08,159 --> 01:02:09,079
a lot from the Japanese.

1226
01:02:09,159 --> 01:02:12,719
Speaker 1: Yeah, very practical internation. Not for the ISS. Let's talk

1227
01:02:12,719 --> 01:02:15,599
about the Chinese Space station, says the Tiangong Space Station

1228
01:02:15,719 --> 01:02:18,920
against variation on the mirror concept with the Salu base.

1229
01:02:19,639 --> 01:02:21,960
They flew their first components in twenty one, two more

1230
01:02:21,960 --> 01:02:25,920
modules in twenty two and started putting crews on this point.

1231
01:02:25,920 --> 01:02:28,119
Their three modules up there. It's about one hundred metric ton,

1232
01:02:28,159 --> 01:02:30,800
it's about a quarter the size the ISS. They've had

1233
01:02:30,800 --> 01:02:33,840
ten resupply missions and ten crew missions on board. There's

1234
01:02:33,840 --> 01:02:37,000
supposed to be another module coming next year, space telescope,

1235
01:02:37,039 --> 01:02:40,239
similar to Hubble. We'll see if that actually happens. They

1236
01:02:40,320 --> 01:02:48,760
have begun hosting international experiments. Belgium, France, Germany, India, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, Peru, Russia,

1237
01:02:48,800 --> 01:02:52,960
Saudi Arabia, Spain all have experiments on the Tiangong space station. Wow. Cool.

1238
01:02:53,079 --> 01:02:56,119
There is a Pakistani astronaut currently in training to do

1239
01:02:56,159 --> 01:02:59,119
a short flight, probably only a week in between the

1240
01:02:59,159 --> 01:03:03,840
two recent two crews onto the space station. It's sometime

1241
01:03:03,880 --> 01:03:04,360
in the future.

1242
01:03:04,519 --> 01:03:07,440
Speaker 2: So US and Canada not invited to the party.

1243
01:03:07,880 --> 01:03:11,639
Speaker 1: No, there's an embargo against all Chinese space technology in

1244
01:03:11,679 --> 01:03:14,199
the West. That's a shame. So that's why even the

1245
01:03:14,880 --> 01:03:17,840
Europeans started out being interested in sending astronauts up there,

1246
01:03:17,840 --> 01:03:19,639
and it became a problem, so they've backed off on

1247
01:03:19,719 --> 01:03:20,039
that too.

1248
01:03:20,159 --> 01:03:22,480
Speaker 2: That's really a shame. I mean, that's that's a way

1249
01:03:22,559 --> 01:03:25,519
that you know, nations can get together for common goals,

1250
01:03:25,639 --> 01:03:27,719
and it you know, worked for a while with the

1251
01:03:27,800 --> 01:03:29,000
US and Russia.

1252
01:03:28,679 --> 01:03:31,559
Speaker 1: And yeah, you know, and it also leads to this

1253
01:03:31,599 --> 01:03:34,519
interesting situation now where Russia is generally a pariah in

1254
01:03:34,559 --> 01:03:36,639
the world community, and yet we still have to cooperate

1255
01:03:36,639 --> 01:03:38,599
them on the space station. So I think that's the

1256
01:03:38,679 --> 01:03:41,440
concern with the Chinese is clearly the goals aren't aligned.

1257
01:03:41,599 --> 01:03:44,119
I guess we don't know a lot about this station.

1258
01:03:44,280 --> 01:03:47,159
They don't talk. The only thing we do know about

1259
01:03:47,239 --> 01:03:49,360
is this year, a very unusual thing happened a few

1260
01:03:49,360 --> 01:03:53,239
hours before the Cenzo spacecress was supposed to take a

1261
01:03:53,280 --> 01:03:56,400
crew back down c Shenzo twenty. They found a crack

1262
01:03:56,400 --> 01:03:58,719
in a window. Oh, it looked like there've been a

1263
01:03:58,760 --> 01:04:01,239
debris impact of some kind, and they considered it unsafe

1264
01:04:01,239 --> 01:04:04,000
for re entry. So the crew that was supposed to

1265
01:04:04,000 --> 01:04:08,159
return in Shenzo twenty instead took Shenzo twenty one down.

1266
01:04:08,239 --> 01:04:10,480
So they returned with that, which meant that the crew

1267
01:04:10,519 --> 01:04:12,519
that was up there didn't have a safe vehicle of

1268
01:04:12,559 --> 01:04:14,840
return on since the twenty was still there. Wow, but

1269
01:04:15,199 --> 01:04:18,400
the Chinese be the Chinese. Instead of taking six months

1270
01:04:18,400 --> 01:04:20,880
to get Shenzo twenty twenty two ready, they got it

1271
01:04:20,880 --> 01:04:22,920
ready in three weeks and put it up there without

1272
01:04:22,920 --> 01:04:24,400
a crew on board. So that I now have a

1273
01:04:24,440 --> 01:04:27,119
safe return, and they also send up repair equipment for

1274
01:04:27,119 --> 01:04:27,960
the twenty all right.

1275
01:04:27,880 --> 01:04:30,480
Speaker 2: So when you say a crack in a window, yeah,

1276
01:04:30,599 --> 01:04:33,159
did that happen in space or on the ground. It's space,

1277
01:04:33,480 --> 01:04:35,760
so probably a piece of space debris or space junk

1278
01:04:35,800 --> 01:04:36,599
like you said.

1279
01:04:36,400 --> 01:04:38,639
Speaker 1: That's right. Don't you think they would.

1280
01:04:38,360 --> 01:04:42,719
Speaker 2: Make some kind of material besides glass or plexa glass

1281
01:04:42,719 --> 01:04:44,360
that could withstand us.

1282
01:04:44,519 --> 01:04:47,199
Speaker 1: Well, these things are very tough. Believe me. It's tough

1283
01:04:47,280 --> 01:04:52,239
enough that it only has a crack, right, It didn't depressurize,

1284
01:04:52,320 --> 01:04:54,679
it's just now the concern is will the stress of

1285
01:04:54,760 --> 01:04:56,519
re entry make it worse?

1286
01:04:56,719 --> 01:05:00,480
Speaker 2: You know, transparent aluminum, I think is the answer.

1287
01:05:00,920 --> 01:05:03,440
Speaker 1: This stuff is pretty tough. But you know these little

1288
01:05:03,559 --> 01:05:07,639
flex of painting thing they're moving, man like. The velocity

1289
01:05:07,719 --> 01:05:10,920
is tough. So the current problem now is so that

1290
01:05:11,119 --> 01:05:13,599
they've brought twenty two up without a crew so that

1291
01:05:13,679 --> 01:05:16,320
they can evacuate the space station if they needed to. Okay,

1292
01:05:16,360 --> 01:05:18,719
but they only have two docking ports, so twenty's on

1293
01:05:18,719 --> 01:05:20,800
one of them, twenty two's on the other. They can't

1294
01:05:20,840 --> 01:05:23,639
bring up a new crew on twenty three without getting

1295
01:05:23,679 --> 01:05:26,840
rid of twenty So the plan is to attempt to

1296
01:05:27,000 --> 01:05:31,400
repair on the damaged window on twenty they've already done

1297
01:05:31,400 --> 01:05:34,599
a spacewalk to evaluate this and then send it down

1298
01:05:34,800 --> 01:05:38,000
empty to see how that goes before twenty three goes up.

1299
01:05:38,039 --> 01:05:40,239
So this is going to play out in the next

1300
01:05:40,280 --> 01:05:40,679
six month.

1301
01:05:40,719 --> 01:05:42,760
Speaker 2: You know, it's one of those windshield repair places that

1302
01:05:42,880 --> 01:05:44,440
might be able to fly up and do that thing.

1303
01:05:44,519 --> 01:05:46,039
You know, they come to your house and they yeah,

1304
01:05:46,039 --> 01:05:48,800
apparently they come right to you. Right, it's free.

1305
01:05:48,920 --> 01:05:52,880
Speaker 1: It's safe lass or safe light or whatever. This space

1306
01:05:52,920 --> 01:05:54,599
station was only designed to last for ten years, so

1307
01:05:54,639 --> 01:05:55,920
it flew in twenty one, so it was supposed to

1308
01:05:55,920 --> 01:05:57,480
go to twenty thirty one. They might ex sended to

1309
01:05:57,480 --> 01:06:00,079
fifteen to twenty thirty six, so there's no certain amount. Well,

1310
01:06:00,119 --> 01:06:01,719
it's exciting. We don't know a lot about it. It's

1311
01:06:01,719 --> 01:06:05,199
exciting though. Yeah, it's good to know. An interesting point

1312
01:06:05,320 --> 01:06:08,880
if we don't get a new station is that community

1313
01:06:08,880 --> 01:06:12,000
will continue to remain in orbit after the International Space Station.

1314
01:06:12,039 --> 01:06:13,559
But it might be just because of the Chinese space

1315
01:06:13,559 --> 01:06:16,199
station up there. But in twenty twenty one NASA did

1316
01:06:16,280 --> 01:06:18,840
start the commercial space station program. So it's the idea

1317
01:06:18,880 --> 01:06:20,760
of we're not going to build a space station. You're

1318
01:06:20,760 --> 01:06:22,480
going to build a space station, and we're going to

1319
01:06:22,480 --> 01:06:26,760
rent time on it, right, And eleven teams applied and

1320
01:06:26,840 --> 01:06:31,360
they've now consolidated that down to three teams. And this

1321
01:06:31,440 --> 01:06:35,360
year they updated the partnership of proposals. They've actually dialed

1322
01:06:35,400 --> 01:06:38,519
back the goals. So the original plan was to have

1323
01:06:38,559 --> 01:06:42,320
a permanently crewed station, and now the new requirement is

1324
01:06:42,719 --> 01:06:45,280
a man tended station, so station that can operate with

1325
01:06:45,280 --> 01:06:47,840
nobody on board, which is an important feature because the

1326
01:06:47,840 --> 01:06:51,199
space station International Space Station can't do that and can

1327
01:06:51,480 --> 01:06:53,760
operate with a four person crew for at least a

1328
01:06:53,800 --> 01:06:59,440
month at a time, and they want a demonstration. They

1329
01:06:59,519 --> 01:07:01,760
planned to at least two designs. The goal is to

1330
01:07:01,800 --> 01:07:06,360
have more smaller stations rather than one giant station. I

1331
01:07:06,440 --> 01:07:09,920
really love the idea of the ISS being. You know,

1332
01:07:10,079 --> 01:07:13,920
every country, every nation that participated, made a module that

1333
01:07:13,960 --> 01:07:18,800
fits somewhere on it for a particular purpose, and that's

1334
01:07:18,960 --> 01:07:21,679
just a wonderful thing. You know, the nations get together

1335
01:07:21,760 --> 01:07:23,880
and do that. So how how are we going to

1336
01:07:23,920 --> 01:07:27,519
have that sort of cooperation if there're a lot of

1337
01:07:27,760 --> 01:07:29,760
smaller ones. Is every country going to have their own

1338
01:07:29,800 --> 01:07:32,119
little space station? I think you'll probably see that there's

1339
01:07:32,159 --> 01:07:37,280
going to be common platforms like your basic docking, fuel supply, maneuver, propulsion,

1340
01:07:37,280 --> 01:07:39,320
and so forth, and then you add a module to

1341
01:07:39,440 --> 01:07:42,599
it for various experiments. Look, the problem with building one

1342
01:07:42,639 --> 01:07:45,199
big station is it only can handle one class of experiments,

1343
01:07:45,199 --> 01:07:48,199
typically micro gravity experiments. If you want to do other

1344
01:07:48,239 --> 01:07:50,280
classes of experiments, if you want to do something more

1345
01:07:50,320 --> 01:07:54,239
in manufacturing, or you want to start simulating gravity, do rotation,

1346
01:07:54,360 --> 01:07:56,400
so forth, they not compattle with each other. I see.

1347
01:07:56,719 --> 01:07:59,280
So having more stations means you can try a larger

1348
01:07:59,400 --> 01:08:00,159
array of things.

1349
01:08:00,239 --> 01:08:03,000
Speaker 2: Right, And so you have these specialized stations that's for

1350
01:08:03,119 --> 01:08:04,920
particular purposes.

1351
01:08:04,599 --> 01:08:06,960
Speaker 1: Right, And often having people on board is a problem,

1352
01:08:07,079 --> 01:08:08,880
Like it's better to not have anyone board where you're

1353
01:08:08,920 --> 01:08:10,440
doing a bunch of these things and they'd have people

1354
01:08:10,519 --> 01:08:13,360
come up and evaluate it, take stuff away, do the

1355
01:08:13,440 --> 01:08:15,719
human stuff on it. So we have a choice. Then

1356
01:08:16,000 --> 01:08:19,680
that's pretty good. There's three companies currently, three groups currently

1357
01:08:19,720 --> 01:08:21,800
competing for one of these, and I'll talk about and

1358
01:08:21,800 --> 01:08:25,000
there's a fourth that's sort of an odd one. We'll

1359
01:08:25,000 --> 01:08:26,920
talk about that in a minute. So the original is

1360
01:08:26,960 --> 01:08:29,279
axiom Space is a bunch of X space station folks

1361
01:08:29,319 --> 01:08:30,600
that have been working for a while. These the guys

1362
01:08:30,600 --> 01:08:34,039
who've been flying tourists to the space station until that

1363
01:08:34,199 --> 01:08:38,000
was shut down this year. Right. And their original plan,

1364
01:08:38,159 --> 01:08:40,039
which I always thought was a good one, was to

1365
01:08:40,159 --> 01:08:44,279
deliver components to the International Space Station to expand it

1366
01:08:44,319 --> 01:08:47,680
with the intent of removing it before the space station

1367
01:08:47,840 --> 01:08:50,279
is re entered. Wow. So they were going to bring

1368
01:08:50,319 --> 01:08:53,000
up the habitat and a lab and an observatory and

1369
01:08:53,000 --> 01:08:54,920
so forth, and only at the end to add this

1370
01:08:55,079 --> 01:08:58,039
payload power thermal element that can actually do the free

1371
01:08:58,079 --> 01:09:01,199
flying and then separate from the International Space before was reacity.

1372
01:09:01,840 --> 01:09:04,479
Out of the new circumstances, they've changed the plan basically

1373
01:09:04,560 --> 01:09:06,880
to get directly to a free flying space station by

1374
01:09:06,880 --> 01:09:09,640
twenty twenty eight by flying that payload power thermal the

1375
01:09:09,680 --> 01:09:11,760
primary control all but first, and then adding and have

1376
01:09:11,920 --> 01:09:15,680
to it later. We'll see. They always struggled for enough funding.

1377
01:09:15,720 --> 01:09:17,239
That's why they were doing all the tourist stuff to

1378
01:09:17,239 --> 01:09:19,279
try and make money. They're not working on space seats again,

1379
01:09:19,279 --> 01:09:21,880
another attempt to get revenue streams. It's a challenge to

1380
01:09:21,880 --> 01:09:22,800
have enough money to do this.

1381
01:09:22,920 --> 01:09:25,600
Speaker 2: So space tourism is a topic that we always talk

1382
01:09:25,640 --> 01:09:27,720
about on the key. Yeah, is that is that a

1383
01:09:27,720 --> 01:09:30,680
segment that's coming up later or is there anything else

1384
01:09:30,720 --> 01:09:31,439
to say about it?

1385
01:09:31,520 --> 01:09:34,000
Speaker 1: Not really, because I mean we're the only we have

1386
01:09:34,239 --> 01:09:37,920
had tourism in the form of using crew dragons, right

1387
01:09:37,960 --> 01:09:40,439
the SpaceX capsule to send people up for a few

1388
01:09:40,520 --> 01:09:42,800
days at time have been an affilities, all driven by

1389
01:09:42,880 --> 01:09:46,960
Jared Isazingcman, by the way, the new NASA administrator. It's

1390
01:09:46,960 --> 01:09:48,520
all a question of if you've got one hundred million

1391
01:09:48,520 --> 01:09:50,640
dollars a show to spend on your with three of

1392
01:09:50,720 --> 01:09:53,960
your friends, right to get to a space station.

1393
01:09:54,239 --> 01:09:57,239
Speaker 2: Doesn't make any sense to build a separate space hotel, right,

1394
01:09:57,279 --> 01:10:00,760
you might as well have something up there for other

1395
01:10:00,800 --> 01:10:02,359
purposes that people can visit.

1396
01:10:02,880 --> 01:10:04,800
Speaker 1: Yeah, I mean we might get to that point, but

1397
01:10:04,880 --> 01:10:08,720
you're still talking billions. It's just too much money. There's

1398
01:10:08,720 --> 01:10:11,159
only so many people that willing to do that, all right.

1399
01:10:11,199 --> 01:10:13,520
So we talked about Active Space. Let's talk about Blue Origin.

1400
01:10:13,720 --> 01:10:18,239
So another competitor in the space station area. Their concepts

1401
01:10:18,279 --> 01:10:23,600
called Orbital Reef. So they partner with Sierra Space. That's

1402
01:10:23,680 --> 01:10:27,279
the dream Chaser guys, as well as Boeing.

1403
01:10:27,479 --> 01:10:30,520
Speaker 2: And there's there a crazy billionaire behind Blue Origin.

1404
01:10:30,359 --> 01:10:34,079
Speaker 1: This is Jeff bezos is long term project. Apparently he's

1405
01:10:34,119 --> 01:10:37,279
been selling a billion dollars worth of Amazon stock every

1406
01:10:37,359 --> 01:10:40,239
year to fund Blue Origin. Although now they're starting to

1407
01:10:40,279 --> 01:10:42,920
make money, right, The got New glenwork and you're taking payloads.

1408
01:10:43,439 --> 01:10:46,640
That's something and it's important that it's funded because the

1409
01:10:46,720 --> 01:10:50,840
current estimate by Bezos himself is to spend one hundred

1410
01:10:50,920 --> 01:10:53,840
billion dollars building out orbital REEF, which is what they

1411
01:10:53,880 --> 01:10:56,560
call the cost of the space the International Space Station.

1412
01:10:56,760 --> 01:10:59,600
Although that expenditure started back and that's a lot of

1413
01:10:59,640 --> 01:11:03,039
Amazon on Prime movies. Yeah, but you figure he's worth

1414
01:11:03,119 --> 01:11:05,000
two hundred and fifty billion, so he could fund the

1415
01:11:05,039 --> 01:11:09,520
whole thing himself, and he doesn't need to. But he

1416
01:11:09,600 --> 01:11:11,439
wants to be flying by twenty twenty seven. And he's

1417
01:11:11,439 --> 01:11:15,479
got New Glenn because his design is using these is

1418
01:11:15,720 --> 01:11:20,000
using that width of New Glenn, the seven meters, and

1419
01:11:20,039 --> 01:11:23,920
then using inflatable habitats. They figure one of their modules

1420
01:11:24,000 --> 01:11:26,680
will be almost like a quarter of the size of

1421
01:11:26,720 --> 01:11:29,680
International Space Station, although so big you're going to have

1422
01:11:29,680 --> 01:11:33,000
to fill it up with stuff, which is something they

1423
01:11:33,000 --> 01:11:36,479
actually have tested. So this year they completed what they

1424
01:11:36,520 --> 01:11:39,000
call the human in the Loop testing where they've actually

1425
01:11:39,039 --> 01:11:43,359
built out mockups of the interiors of orbital reef to

1426
01:11:43,479 --> 01:11:46,399
show all of the common workflows for doing science and

1427
01:11:46,439 --> 01:11:48,359
where to sleep and where to eat and all of

1428
01:11:48,359 --> 01:11:51,319
that sort of stuff. So they finished that qualification now,

1429
01:11:51,319 --> 01:11:53,720
so they're pretty close to actually starting to build hardware

1430
01:11:54,439 --> 01:11:56,239
and to fly in the next couple of years. Wow,

1431
01:11:56,319 --> 01:11:59,239
that's cool, it's exciting. Yeah, they've really come a long way.

1432
01:11:59,279 --> 01:12:01,079
And the fact that new ends flying is the important

1433
01:12:01,079 --> 01:12:05,439
part because he couldn't lift it anyhow. Next is Starlab Space.

1434
01:12:05,479 --> 01:12:07,880
So this is originally a partnership between Lockheed Martin and

1435
01:12:07,920 --> 01:12:11,680
Voyager Space. Lockheed Martin has mysteriously disappeared from this today

1436
01:12:11,720 --> 01:12:15,039
it's now Voyager Space. They call themselves Voyager Technology and

1437
01:12:15,279 --> 01:12:18,760
air Bus of all folks. They've signed the agreement. They

1438
01:12:18,760 --> 01:12:24,560
have Grumman on board. North Grumman owns the Signus cargo ship.

1439
01:12:24,800 --> 01:12:27,720
So because northro Grumman had originally made their own proposal

1440
01:12:27,800 --> 01:12:32,399
did not get selected. Starlab's intent is to use Starship

1441
01:12:32,720 --> 01:12:35,279
to do the launch and also to have an inflatable

1442
01:12:35,319 --> 01:12:38,279
habitat and to be man tended. And they are only

1443
01:12:38,439 --> 01:12:41,399
the beginning of doing their human loop testing, so they're

1444
01:12:41,439 --> 01:12:43,920
just building mock ups now, so they're fairly far behind

1445
01:12:44,079 --> 01:12:48,039
Ortal Reef. Again, these are all a few years away,

1446
01:12:48,119 --> 01:12:51,000
so we'll see the most interesting story on the space

1447
01:12:51,039 --> 01:12:54,960
station side. I lasted the end which is Vast is

1448
01:12:55,000 --> 01:12:56,920
the name of the company Vast. This started in two

1449
01:12:56,920 --> 01:13:00,680
thousand and one by a tech crypto bil millionaire named

1450
01:13:00,760 --> 01:13:05,880
Jed Mcallib. Did you say crypto or crypto crypto crypto billionaire. Yes,

1451
01:13:06,000 --> 01:13:09,399
made his money on bitcoin and has decided to sucked

1452
01:13:09,399 --> 01:13:13,880
it out of everybody else's wallet something like that, and

1453
01:13:13,960 --> 01:13:15,800
decided he wanted to build a space station. He wants

1454
01:13:15,840 --> 01:13:20,000
to get to artificial gravity, so rotating space stations. But

1455
01:13:20,039 --> 01:13:23,600
he started with this goal called Haven One's company's not small,

1456
01:13:23,640 --> 01:13:26,279
eight hundred employees, a whole lot of X SpaceX people

1457
01:13:26,279 --> 01:13:29,920
apparently there wow. But their initial vehicle, Haven one is

1458
01:13:29,960 --> 01:13:32,079
supposed to be a single launch space station that you

1459
01:13:32,119 --> 01:13:35,600
could launch on a Falcon nine. So fourteen metric tons

1460
01:13:35,680 --> 01:13:37,880
is in the realm of what the what Falcon nine

1461
01:13:37,920 --> 01:13:41,039
could lift, but short life man like it should be

1462
01:13:41,039 --> 01:13:43,840
able to function for about three years but only be

1463
01:13:44,000 --> 01:13:46,479
inhabited for the way they did the math was one

1464
01:13:46,600 --> 01:13:49,840
hundred and sixty astronaut days. Yeah, so that would be

1465
01:13:50,439 --> 01:13:54,399
four astronauts ten days at a time, four times kind

1466
01:13:54,439 --> 01:13:57,560
of thing. But it fits within Sean Duffy's requirements of

1467
01:13:57,600 --> 01:14:01,600
thirty days of usability. And they actually have built a

1468
01:14:01,640 --> 01:14:05,920
hull and it's painted and prepped and pressure tested, and

1469
01:14:05,600 --> 01:14:11,199
the life support systems have been tested. They earlier this

1470
01:14:11,319 --> 01:14:14,479
year in November, flew a test article a five hundred

1471
01:14:14,560 --> 01:14:19,199
kilo on the Falcon nine a testing power, propulsion and

1472
01:14:19,239 --> 01:14:22,920
communication systems for the station. So they believed to be

1473
01:14:22,960 --> 01:14:26,680
able to launch next year. No earlier than May, but

1474
01:14:27,000 --> 01:14:31,680
possibly next year this initial product, and it's guy far

1475
01:14:31,840 --> 01:14:35,279
enough alone that NASA has now gotten involved and they

1476
01:14:35,279 --> 01:14:38,159
are signing on to the round two of the Commercial

1477
01:14:38,159 --> 01:14:39,199
Space Station program.

1478
01:14:39,279 --> 01:14:39,520
Speaker 2: Wow.

1479
01:14:39,640 --> 01:14:43,399
Speaker 1: Their intent the next design, what they're calling Haven two,

1480
01:14:43,720 --> 01:14:46,439
would be more like a mirror design, need to be

1481
01:14:46,479 --> 01:14:50,399
lifted by the Falcon nine, heavy, bigger platform, but also

1482
01:14:50,520 --> 01:14:54,319
multimodular to be more persistent. So granted they came out

1483
01:14:54,319 --> 01:14:57,399
of nowhere, they've got no heritage, but they have just

1484
01:14:57,439 --> 01:15:01,600
simply gotten to work building a manned, tendable station in

1485
01:15:01,880 --> 01:15:05,600
short amount of time. That's pretty cool, pretty amazing. Yeah,

1486
01:15:05,680 --> 01:15:07,319
should we take another break, and then we'll do the

1487
01:15:07,399 --> 01:15:08,239
last bit of this.

1488
01:15:08,640 --> 01:15:12,159
Speaker 2: Yeah, sounds good, and we'll take another break for these

1489
01:15:12,279 --> 01:15:18,960
even more important messages, and we're back. It's the twenty

1490
01:15:19,000 --> 01:15:23,640
twenty five Space Geek Out. We're Richard Campbell, I'm Carl Franklin,

1491
01:15:23,760 --> 01:15:28,239
the guy asking the dumb questions. And Richard, as always,

1492
01:15:28,279 --> 01:15:31,079
has done lots of research and got his notes together,

1493
01:15:31,119 --> 01:15:33,279
and he's talking about the year in space.

1494
01:15:33,520 --> 01:15:36,560
Speaker 1: All right, we're done with stay stations, Thank goodness, thank you.

1495
01:15:36,680 --> 01:15:39,680
Let's talk about the moon stuff. Okay, yeah, all right,

1496
01:15:40,079 --> 01:15:43,199
So not much happened with Artemis. That's the you know,

1497
01:15:43,359 --> 01:15:47,640
the big Space Shuttle derived rocket that can take the

1498
01:15:47,640 --> 01:15:50,399
Orion capsule to the Moon. They flew an unmanned one

1499
01:15:50,439 --> 01:15:53,159
around the moon. Artemis two is the next mission. It's

1500
01:15:53,159 --> 01:15:55,439
not going to fly until twenty twenty six, and that's

1501
01:15:55,479 --> 01:15:58,199
actually going to do a recreation, especially with Apollo eight mission.

1502
01:15:58,199 --> 01:16:01,039
They're going to do a free or Richard return around

1503
01:16:01,039 --> 01:16:04,800
the Moon with four passengers on Orion. So not much

1504
01:16:04,800 --> 01:16:06,680
to say on there. But what did happen on the

1505
01:16:06,680 --> 01:16:10,399
Moon in twenty twenty five is three different landers. Well,

1506
01:16:10,439 --> 01:16:12,880
the first one is called Blue Ghosts. This is built

1507
01:16:12,880 --> 01:16:15,920
by Firefly Aerospace. They also make the Alpha rocket, which

1508
01:16:15,920 --> 01:16:18,439
they have flown successfully once and also failed on, but

1509
01:16:18,479 --> 01:16:20,640
it's not big enough vehicle to actually send anything to

1510
01:16:20,640 --> 01:16:23,399
the Moon. So this flew on a Falcon nine with

1511
01:16:23,479 --> 01:16:27,720
another moonlander called how Kudo R. This was in January

1512
01:16:27,760 --> 01:16:31,800
twenty twenty five. The Blue Ghosts did twenty five, got

1513
01:16:31,840 --> 01:16:34,279
them into low Earth orbit, spent twenty five days doing

1514
01:16:34,319 --> 01:16:37,039
their checkout. We did a translunar burn, took them four

1515
01:16:37,119 --> 01:16:39,560
days to get to the Moon, did an orbital insertion.

1516
01:16:39,640 --> 01:16:42,239
They spent sixteen days in lunar orbit to time their

1517
01:16:42,319 --> 01:16:46,520
landing perfectly, so they landed the beginning of a lunar

1518
01:16:46,600 --> 01:16:49,279
day because they don't have the ability to survive at night.

1519
01:16:49,399 --> 01:16:51,560
So you're gonna get fourteen days out of this thing.

1520
01:16:51,600 --> 01:16:53,279
That's all they can get if they landed right. And

1521
01:16:53,319 --> 01:16:56,319
they did a march second. They put it down a

1522
01:16:56,439 --> 01:16:59,319
mere Chrisium in a that's a three hundred miles wide

1523
01:16:59,319 --> 01:17:01,439
basin on the edge of the visible disc of the Moon,

1524
01:17:02,159 --> 01:17:03,640
and they timed it so that they would have a

1525
01:17:03,680 --> 01:17:06,640
full fourteen days to do operations. They had ten signs

1526
01:17:06,640 --> 01:17:09,479
payloads on totally about two hundred pounds worth of stuff

1527
01:17:09,880 --> 01:17:13,439
and it operated flawlessly until March sixteen when this lunar

1528
01:17:13,479 --> 01:17:16,399
sunset happened and it went cold. And that's the end

1529
01:17:16,439 --> 01:17:20,239
of that. That's it. That's the best news story we

1530
01:17:20,319 --> 01:17:22,840
got out of all the lunar landers. Was Blue Ghosts

1531
01:17:23,039 --> 01:17:28,199
Firefly's first attempt and they nailed it. So Hakudo R,

1532
01:17:28,239 --> 01:17:31,840
which flew on that same Falcon nine, was actually Mission II.

1533
01:17:32,359 --> 01:17:36,159
There had been a previous attempt, Mission one in twenty

1534
01:17:36,199 --> 01:17:39,640
twenty three, which had crashed onto the Moon having run

1535
01:17:39,680 --> 01:17:43,159
out of propellant on its way down. Unfortunate, So this

1536
01:17:43,319 --> 01:17:45,479
was their second attempt. This is a company called I Space,

1537
01:17:45,560 --> 01:17:48,960
is a Japanese commercial space company, and they used a

1538
01:17:49,000 --> 01:17:53,039
totally different approach, so they took them longer to get

1539
01:17:53,119 --> 01:17:55,720
to the Moon. They did a flyby on February fifteenth,

1540
01:17:56,239 --> 01:17:59,439
finally got to lunar orbit in May and circularized by

1541
01:17:59,479 --> 01:18:02,479
the end of May. They attempted their landing in June

1542
01:18:03,079 --> 01:18:06,439
and crashed agains. This time it was a laser range finders.

1543
01:18:06,479 --> 01:18:08,239
They got further down. They did not run on a fuel,

1544
01:18:08,439 --> 01:18:11,479
but they did lose control of the vehicle and so it

1545
01:18:11,600 --> 01:18:15,800
impacted hard and nothing was functional. Unfortunate second try. I

1546
01:18:15,880 --> 01:18:21,079
hope they go again. Third lander, Intuitive Machines. This was

1547
01:18:21,199 --> 01:18:24,880
their second attempt. Also, they had flown in the first

1548
01:18:24,880 --> 01:18:28,039
one and in one on landing when the legs had

1549
01:18:28,079 --> 01:18:30,479
broken and it tipped over. This time they flew on

1550
01:18:30,479 --> 01:18:34,319
a Falcon nine in February, did their lunar did their

1551
01:18:34,680 --> 01:18:37,680
lunar insertion on in March, and got straight to a

1552
01:18:37,760 --> 01:18:41,680
landing attempt, lost contact, possibly due to lunar dust the

1553
01:18:41,760 --> 01:18:44,920
terminal dessense phase, and when they got communications back, it

1554
01:18:45,079 --> 01:18:47,840
was once again laying on its side, just like I

1555
01:18:47,920 --> 01:18:48,319
am one.

1556
01:18:48,520 --> 01:18:51,760
Speaker 2: The Falcon nine is the one that can land vertically.

1557
01:18:52,079 --> 01:18:56,720
Speaker 1: Right, Well, the Falcon nine booster returns after flying, all right,

1558
01:18:56,760 --> 01:18:59,520
but it's not going to do that on the Moon. No,

1559
01:18:59,600 --> 01:19:01,960
it doesn't go to the Moon. Its job is to

1560
01:19:02,000 --> 01:19:04,159
get that vehicle up in the lower Earth orbit, where

1561
01:19:04,159 --> 01:19:06,600
it then flies itself to the lower Moon orbit. Okay,

1562
01:19:06,760 --> 01:19:08,520
well they started, Yeah, they can put it in a

1563
01:19:08,600 --> 01:19:12,159
lunar orbiti'tion ne really, No lunar orbits are funny, all right. Anyway,

1564
01:19:12,600 --> 01:19:15,359
Intuitive Machines is kind of tall and gangly, and it

1565
01:19:15,560 --> 01:19:18,279
bloody thing tipped over again. Something went wrong on the

1566
01:19:18,359 --> 01:19:21,119
landing once again, they hid some solar power, so it

1567
01:19:21,159 --> 01:19:23,520
actually functioned for about thirteen hours and they ran as

1568
01:19:23,560 --> 01:19:26,079
much experiments as they could. It had a couple of

1569
01:19:26,159 --> 01:19:30,439
rovers on board that weren't able to be deployed. Two failures.

1570
01:19:30,439 --> 01:19:33,199
Speaker 2: For like you kid, you know, you don't have the

1571
01:19:33,279 --> 01:19:36,800
luxury like Elon does of landing the falcons on Earth.

1572
01:19:37,199 --> 01:19:39,359
You can't really do that on the Moon because you

1573
01:19:39,399 --> 01:19:40,039
get one shot.

1574
01:19:40,520 --> 01:19:43,119
Speaker 1: You get one shot, and you only you know, these

1575
01:19:43,159 --> 01:19:45,359
are small vehicles. They are a few hundred pounds, they

1576
01:19:45,359 --> 01:19:48,960
only have so much fuel. It's all remote control, right,

1577
01:19:49,000 --> 01:19:51,880
you have your it's automated. You have to land yourself.

1578
01:19:51,920 --> 01:19:56,079
And they're just learning. It's hard. That being said, take

1579
01:19:56,079 --> 01:19:58,159
a look at Blue Ghosts what Firefly did, and it's like,

1580
01:19:58,279 --> 01:20:01,560
guys nailed it is possible. That was the first you know,

1581
01:20:01,840 --> 01:20:05,439
what Blue Ghosts did. What Firefly did was the very

1582
01:20:05,479 --> 01:20:09,199
first successful landing by a commercial company on the Moon.

1583
01:20:09,760 --> 01:20:12,720
And finally on the Moon. This is something I talked about.

1584
01:20:12,840 --> 01:20:15,279
We've talked about originally some of the basis on the Moon,

1585
01:20:15,319 --> 01:20:19,840
which is European Space Agencies moonlight missions. So this is

1586
01:20:19,880 --> 01:20:23,560
the moonlight lunar communications and Navigation Services Mission. What it

1587
01:20:23,720 --> 01:20:27,000
is is a set of orbiters around the Moon to

1588
01:20:27,079 --> 01:20:33,279
provide communications and basically equivalent a GPS navigation information. The

1589
01:20:33,399 --> 01:20:36,279
idea is so that spacecraft going to and from the

1590
01:20:36,319 --> 01:20:40,119
Moon don't have to carry redundant navigation and communications gear.

1591
01:20:40,399 --> 01:20:43,319
They'll carry some, but they'll count on this network to

1592
01:20:43,399 --> 01:20:46,640
do their communication, so they can carry more useful payload,

1593
01:20:46,640 --> 01:20:48,640
don't have to do quite as much stuff. And it

1594
01:20:48,680 --> 01:20:50,800
was only a proposal when we first talked about this

1595
01:20:50,880 --> 01:20:55,079
with twenty seventeen twenty eighteen, but this year they sent

1596
01:20:55,119 --> 01:20:57,840
out the contract to tails Alinia, who are actually going

1597
01:20:57,880 --> 01:21:00,760
to build those navigation satellites so they.

1598
01:21:00,600 --> 01:21:04,199
Speaker 2: Can replace all that navigation gear with what's essentially a garbin.

1599
01:21:04,399 --> 01:21:07,279
Speaker 1: Well, which typically right now, if you go to the Moon,

1600
01:21:07,319 --> 01:21:11,000
you have multiple redundant navigation systems. Most likely what you

1601
01:21:11,039 --> 01:21:13,079
do is you have a system that works with moonlight

1602
01:21:13,359 --> 01:21:15,560
and a backup one that can run without it. So

1603
01:21:15,600 --> 01:21:17,720
if some reason moonlight was down, so you reduce weight

1604
01:21:17,760 --> 01:21:20,319
on the spacecraft, you don't have to carry as much gear,

1605
01:21:20,520 --> 01:21:22,840
which means you can carry more working payload. That's the

1606
01:21:22,880 --> 01:21:27,439
whole idea. So this is the way they make this work.

1607
01:21:27,439 --> 01:21:29,840
They're focusing on the South Pole because that's where all

1608
01:21:29,840 --> 01:21:32,039
the interest is right now, is trying to get to

1609
01:21:32,159 --> 01:21:34,560
Shackleton Crater and see if we can extract water ice

1610
01:21:34,600 --> 01:21:39,279
from the Moon. And so one satellite for communications, four

1611
01:21:39,359 --> 01:21:43,319
for navigation, so that you can do triangulation between the four. Now,

1612
01:21:43,439 --> 01:21:46,720
they don't orbit the way you would think because the

1613
01:21:46,800 --> 01:21:50,039
lunar gravity is so irregular. In order to have stable

1614
01:21:50,159 --> 01:21:54,039
orbits that don't need constant fuel, use use highly elliptical

1615
01:21:54,159 --> 01:21:59,439
orbits they call these elliptical lunar frozen orbits. For the

1616
01:21:59,479 --> 01:22:02,039
navigation satellites, they'll have a period of twenty four hours.

1617
01:22:02,039 --> 01:22:04,760
So they go from point from start at one point

1618
01:22:04,960 --> 01:22:07,239
close to the North pole, then go out ten thousand

1619
01:22:07,279 --> 01:22:11,319
kilometers away from the Moon, mostly looking at the South Pole,

1620
01:22:11,359 --> 01:22:14,279
and then come back and that takes about twenty four hours.

1621
01:22:14,319 --> 01:22:17,560
And so those four mean that over the period where

1622
01:22:17,560 --> 01:22:19,319
you'd be landing, if you time it right, you'll be

1623
01:22:19,319 --> 01:22:21,319
able to see all four of them. To be able

1624
01:22:21,359 --> 01:22:23,840
to continuously triangle at your location when you're landing or

1625
01:22:23,880 --> 01:22:27,920
when you're moving around. The comsat would only be a

1626
01:22:27,960 --> 01:22:30,680
period of twelve hours, so it's not continuous communications, but

1627
01:22:30,680 --> 01:22:32,800
it's enough that you don't have to carry the heavy

1628
01:22:32,840 --> 01:22:34,760
transmitting gear to go all the way back to Earth.

1629
01:22:35,119 --> 01:22:37,840
You just communicate with the satellite in the windows where

1630
01:22:37,880 --> 01:22:40,159
you can see it, which will be ten hours a

1631
01:22:40,279 --> 01:22:44,239
day roughly. So they're fully funded. They'll be funded. The

1632
01:22:44,359 --> 01:22:46,640
East member states have committed funding through to twenty twenty eight,

1633
01:22:46,640 --> 01:22:49,199
which it'll be in full service construction starting now in

1634
01:22:49,279 --> 01:22:52,680
twenty twenty five. So there's going to be a navigation

1635
01:22:52,760 --> 01:22:55,640
network on the Moon. Wow, that's really cool. It's cool.

1636
01:22:55,720 --> 01:22:59,840
It is it's really exciting, and it speaks to building infrastructure,

1637
01:23:00,119 --> 01:23:03,279
not just one and done missions, but adding infrastructure to

1638
01:23:03,319 --> 01:23:05,079
make every other flight easier.

1639
01:23:05,239 --> 01:23:07,439
Speaker 2: Well, and you're probably going to talk about this next,

1640
01:23:07,479 --> 01:23:10,720
but you know, Elon wants to go to Mars and

1641
01:23:11,119 --> 01:23:13,039
wants to use the Moon as sort of a jumping

1642
01:23:13,079 --> 01:23:13,680
off point.

1643
01:23:13,960 --> 01:23:15,279
Speaker 1: But it's a good training ground.

1644
01:23:15,520 --> 01:23:18,039
Speaker 2: Yeah, okay, it's a good training ground. But it's kind

1645
01:23:18,079 --> 01:23:23,039
of like, you know, not that much closer to Mars

1646
01:23:23,159 --> 01:23:25,920
than we are, you know, But that's not the point,

1647
01:23:26,079 --> 01:23:29,000
is it. It's more about the fact that there's low gravity,

1648
01:23:29,119 --> 01:23:36,319
so launching from Mars would be less you know, energy expensive.

1649
01:23:36,359 --> 01:23:38,239
I guess I'll but you still have to get the

1650
01:23:38,239 --> 01:23:41,520
supplies there. Here's the real issue. The real issue is

1651
01:23:42,119 --> 01:23:45,880
right now, for every space flight, especially all the manned ones,

1652
01:23:45,920 --> 01:23:48,560
we bring every breath of air, every drop of water,

1653
01:23:48,720 --> 01:23:52,199
every scrap of food, everything with us when you launch,

1654
01:23:52,600 --> 01:23:54,880
all of it. And so to go to the Moon,

1655
01:23:55,039 --> 01:23:57,560
it's just so many supplies, right, And to go to

1656
01:23:57,560 --> 01:24:00,479
Mars even more so. The whole goal of what we're

1657
01:24:00,479 --> 01:24:03,119
doing on the Moon is to start using resources on

1658
01:24:03,159 --> 01:24:07,239
the Moon, starting with water. Water is a kilo for

1659
01:24:07,319 --> 01:24:10,079
every leader. It's a lot of weight. And so if

1660
01:24:10,159 --> 01:24:13,279
you could actually start to extract water on the Moon

1661
01:24:13,720 --> 01:24:15,520
or on Mars, you don't have to carry as much.

1662
01:24:15,600 --> 01:24:17,439
And this is why we were talking about earlier. The

1663
01:24:17,520 --> 01:24:20,359
South Pole is an optimal place because not really doesn't

1664
01:24:20,399 --> 01:24:24,279
have the ice cap, but it has sunlight twenty four

1665
01:24:24,319 --> 01:24:24,880
hours a day.

1666
01:24:25,199 --> 01:24:29,000
Speaker 1: Right, Yeah, So shackledon Crater is a massive crater, huge

1667
01:24:29,039 --> 01:24:33,359
city size, big city size, billions of tons of water

1668
01:24:33,399 --> 01:24:36,479
ice proposed to be inside this continuously shaded crater. But

1669
01:24:36,600 --> 01:24:39,239
the rim of the crater at certain points almost has

1670
01:24:39,239 --> 01:24:43,920
sun all month long. In that twenty eight lunar day,

1671
01:24:44,359 --> 01:24:46,359
there's always sun on the crater because it's right on

1672
01:24:46,359 --> 01:24:49,119
the south pole, and so it's a place where you

1673
01:24:49,119 --> 01:24:52,319
could have the solar power and also have access to

1674
01:24:52,359 --> 01:24:55,640
the ice. So it's again this is all very experimental.

1675
01:24:55,680 --> 01:24:57,600
We should do this mostly with robots before we send

1676
01:24:57,640 --> 01:25:00,359
people down there, but we should be experimenting with trying

1677
01:25:00,399 --> 01:25:02,600
to get ice, and there are missions coming up in

1678
01:25:02,640 --> 01:25:05,199
the next couple of years to actually go and extract

1679
01:25:05,239 --> 01:25:07,680
that ice. It's just I got to understand how cold

1680
01:25:07,720 --> 01:25:10,920
those shaded areas are. This is like negative two hundred degrees.

1681
01:25:11,039 --> 01:25:14,399
That ice is hard, and we don't know what form

1682
01:25:14,439 --> 01:25:17,239
it's in, right, We don't know if it's powdered, if

1683
01:25:17,239 --> 01:25:20,000
it's crystals, if it's block like. We just don't know

1684
01:25:20,039 --> 01:25:21,920
how it was created. So we don't know what shape

1685
01:25:22,000 --> 01:25:23,840
is in and what's going to take to actually extract it.

1686
01:25:23,920 --> 01:25:26,359
So there's a lot of experimentation to be done before

1687
01:25:26,359 --> 01:25:27,840
we go further down the path. But if you can

1688
01:25:27,920 --> 01:25:31,920
do it, you can start to extract resources, and then

1689
01:25:31,960 --> 01:25:33,640
we start talking about the other resource of the moon

1690
01:25:33,760 --> 01:25:37,159
is all kinds of metals, all kinds of materials that

1691
01:25:37,199 --> 01:25:38,840
are easy to work on if we can get them

1692
01:25:38,920 --> 01:25:42,399
up there. So it's the beginning of making a space

1693
01:25:42,439 --> 01:25:45,000
faring civilization, and the Moon is a great testing ground

1694
01:25:45,039 --> 01:25:46,960
for that, sure, and you can carry that to Mars.

1695
01:25:47,600 --> 01:25:50,159
That being said, not a lot happened in Mars in

1696
01:25:50,199 --> 01:25:53,920
twenty twenty five. It's an off year for easy flights.

1697
01:25:55,039 --> 01:25:56,760
That being said, there was a flight to Mars. It

1698
01:25:56,800 --> 01:25:59,560
was the New Glen launch of Escapade. This is a

1699
01:25:59,600 --> 01:26:02,479
space This is two spacecraft called Blue and Gold, are

1700
01:26:02,479 --> 01:26:05,840
relatively small that are doing atmospheric analysis on the Moon

1701
01:26:06,399 --> 01:26:08,079
on Mars, and they're gonna they're gonna take them a

1702
01:26:08,119 --> 01:26:10,199
year and a half to get there, but they launched

1703
01:26:10,199 --> 01:26:11,840
this year. And it's about all that happened on the

1704
01:26:11,840 --> 01:26:16,399
Moon on Mars except for one other thing. This is

1705
01:26:16,479 --> 01:26:20,239
new news, relatively speaking. Okay, So there's a set, there's

1706
01:26:20,279 --> 01:26:23,960
a there's a relay network, a set of spacecraft around

1707
01:26:24,199 --> 01:26:26,159
the Mars right now. Some of them are older, some

1708
01:26:26,199 --> 01:26:29,039
of them newer. There's a spacecraft called Odyssey, there's the

1709
01:26:29,560 --> 01:26:33,680
use vehicle called Express. It's a reconnaissance orbiter. There's Maven,

1710
01:26:33,720 --> 01:26:36,680
and there's a trace gas orbiter and one of the

1711
01:26:36,680 --> 01:26:40,399
These are all sensor sets orbiting the Mars that collect information.

1712
01:26:40,439 --> 01:26:43,000
They've gotten pictures of landslides and detected water and all

1713
01:26:43,000 --> 01:26:46,159
those sorts of things. But they also relay data from

1714
01:26:46,239 --> 01:26:50,920
the various landers, things like perseverance and curiosity. Instead of

1715
01:26:50,960 --> 01:26:53,560
having to communicate directly to Earth, they send their data

1716
01:26:53,680 --> 01:26:56,920
up to these various orbiters who then relay it back

1717
01:26:57,000 --> 01:26:59,479
to the Earth. Right again, like we're trying to do

1718
01:26:59,520 --> 01:27:02,279
with moonlight over on the Moon. We have infrastructure on

1719
01:27:02,279 --> 01:27:06,319
Mars to make things easier, and it's the Maven spacecraft

1720
01:27:06,359 --> 01:27:09,560
that's in trouble. So this was originally proposed in two

1721
01:27:09,560 --> 01:27:11,159
thousand and six, it was selecting two thousand and eight.

1722
01:27:11,199 --> 01:27:13,600
It flew in twenty thirteen, arrived at Mars in twenty fourteen,

1723
01:27:13,640 --> 01:27:15,760
so it's been operating up there for another for a decade.

1724
01:27:15,840 --> 01:27:18,640
It should be good for another five plus years. Its

1725
01:27:18,760 --> 01:27:23,199
main original job besides this communication relay, was studying the

1726
01:27:23,199 --> 01:27:25,880
magnetic fields of Mars, because one of the problems with

1727
01:27:26,039 --> 01:27:30,520
Mars is this magnetic field is largely missing. There's evidence

1728
01:27:30,560 --> 01:27:32,800
that there was liquid water on Mars, that it had

1729
01:27:33,119 --> 01:27:36,159
a useful atmosphere, a dense atmosphere, but the lack of

1730
01:27:36,159 --> 01:27:40,960
a magnetic field has allowed solar particles protons to strip

1731
01:27:41,000 --> 01:27:43,439
that atmosphere away and we're trying to figure out why

1732
01:27:44,039 --> 01:27:46,359
it will help us understand why the Earth hasn't had

1733
01:27:46,359 --> 01:27:47,960
that happen. And there's also a case fore this might

1734
01:27:47,960 --> 01:27:50,920
have been happening with Venus as well, and so part

1735
01:27:50,960 --> 01:27:54,720
of the experiments that Maven does is it flies into

1736
01:27:54,760 --> 01:27:57,720
the atmosphere of Mars on a regular basis, and it's

1737
01:27:58,079 --> 01:28:00,960
specifically designed to be able to do this. It's solar

1738
01:28:00,960 --> 01:28:03,159
panels point forward, so it's stable in that way, but

1739
01:28:03,199 --> 01:28:05,520
it has to turn to be able to send data

1740
01:28:05,560 --> 01:28:09,720
and to collect power and so forth. And so it

1741
01:28:09,800 --> 01:28:13,680
was set into a one hundred and eighty kilometer by

1742
01:28:14,039 --> 01:28:16,960
forty five hundred kilometer orbit, which is a dip into

1743
01:28:17,000 --> 01:28:18,960
the atmosphere it comes back out. And the way it

1744
01:28:19,000 --> 01:28:22,039
happened to be aligned when they did this back in

1745
01:28:22,079 --> 01:28:26,199
December is that it flew behind Mars relative the Earth,

1746
01:28:26,239 --> 01:28:29,079
so we couldn't see it as it went into that dip.

1747
01:28:29,199 --> 01:28:31,720
But when it was supposed to come back out, it

1748
01:28:31,800 --> 01:28:35,520
didn't reconnect and call home, so we were trying to

1749
01:28:35,560 --> 01:28:37,960
figure out what was going on. I didn't get telemetry,

1750
01:28:37,960 --> 01:28:40,399
so then we went in did the raw data analysis,

1751
01:28:40,439 --> 01:28:44,479
and it looked like something happened while it was doing that,

1752
01:28:44,560 --> 01:28:47,680
and it's now tumbling. The signal sort of came and went.

1753
01:28:48,479 --> 01:28:52,079
Wasn't strong enough to maintain a carrier, and so maybe

1754
01:28:52,119 --> 01:28:55,479
a fuel leak or an engine misfired or a reaction

1755
01:28:55,560 --> 01:29:00,000
wheel is defunct. But we've had problems with it before.

1756
01:29:00,760 --> 01:29:02,680
In twenty two and twenty three it went into safe

1757
01:29:02,680 --> 01:29:06,680
modes with problems with its inertial navigation, and it was

1758
01:29:06,680 --> 01:29:09,960
able to recover. But this is a particularly inopportune moment,

1759
01:29:10,319 --> 01:29:12,520
not only because it's now skimming the atmosphere. Sure every

1760
01:29:12,520 --> 01:29:14,039
time it does is it gets a little lower orbit

1761
01:29:14,359 --> 01:29:16,640
and they'll lose it, but they don't get it handled quickly.

1762
01:29:17,600 --> 01:29:20,239
But also we're about to go into sun conjunction, so

1763
01:29:20,279 --> 01:29:22,880
the Mars is moving to a point where the Sun

1764
01:29:22,960 --> 01:29:26,439
is between us and between the Earth and Mars, so

1765
01:29:26,479 --> 01:29:28,439
we're not going to be able to communicate it with it.

1766
01:29:28,800 --> 01:29:31,840
So we only have a few weeks to try and

1767
01:29:31,840 --> 01:29:33,880
figure out what's happened with Mavin and do and get

1768
01:29:33,880 --> 01:29:36,479
it recovered, or likely by the time we can talk

1769
01:29:36,520 --> 01:29:39,960
to again, it'll be gone. Wow. So and there's a

1770
01:29:40,000 --> 01:29:42,520
question about replacing it, getting another mission up there, and

1771
01:29:42,560 --> 01:29:44,560
this is a tough time to be talking about new missions.

1772
01:29:44,560 --> 01:29:47,920
So sure, yeah, so that's going on. Okay, a couple

1773
01:29:47,920 --> 01:29:49,800
more things. I got to talk about James Web. Yes,

1774
01:29:49,880 --> 01:29:52,920
although not a lot of excitement around James Web these days,

1775
01:29:52,720 --> 01:29:56,039
it's now doing the hard work it is. You know,

1776
01:29:56,319 --> 01:29:58,960
last year we talked about they were doing cycle four

1777
01:29:59,159 --> 01:30:02,439
and how they there was twenty three hundred proposals. We're

1778
01:30:02,680 --> 01:30:05,720
asking for seventy eight thousand hours of observation time, noting

1779
01:30:05,720 --> 01:30:09,159
there's only eight thousand hours in a year, so they

1780
01:30:09,159 --> 01:30:11,479
had to select down. They've now done the cycle five

1781
01:30:11,520 --> 01:30:14,560
proposals and so well, there were twenty three hundred proposals

1782
01:30:14,560 --> 01:30:17,439
in cycle four, there is twenty nine hundred proposals to

1783
01:30:17,560 --> 01:30:21,119
cycle five, so huge demand for the thing. And the

1784
01:30:21,159 --> 01:30:24,000
crisis in cosmology, which we talked about a lot last year.

1785
01:30:24,000 --> 01:30:25,439
I'm not going to go in too much detail because it's

1786
01:30:25,479 --> 01:30:28,199
not resolved, but it's also kind of good news. The

1787
01:30:28,239 --> 01:30:30,600
crisis in cob osmology is how do we figure out

1788
01:30:30,600 --> 01:30:33,760
the age of the universe. And there's two differential strategies,

1789
01:30:34,399 --> 01:30:37,640
and James Webb helps make one of them more accurate

1790
01:30:37,680 --> 01:30:40,800
than the other, and they are now overlapping less like

1791
01:30:40,840 --> 01:30:42,880
it used to be that they were both they overlapped

1792
01:30:43,439 --> 01:30:48,159
in time within their areas of their circular area of probability,

1793
01:30:48,520 --> 01:30:52,520
and now they're not overlapping. The indication here is that

1794
01:30:52,520 --> 01:30:54,279
we're going to have to develop new science to make

1795
01:30:54,319 --> 01:30:56,119
sense of any of this. All right, So I got

1796
01:30:56,119 --> 01:30:56,520
a question.

1797
01:30:56,640 --> 01:30:59,279
Speaker 2: Yeah, when we visited the James Webb Telescope as it

1798
01:30:59,319 --> 01:31:02,439
was being built for it was long Doddard. Yeah, at Goddard,

1799
01:31:03,199 --> 01:31:06,159
one of the things that we talked about was, you know,

1800
01:31:06,239 --> 01:31:10,079
their ultimate goal was to be able to look back

1801
01:31:10,600 --> 01:31:11,800
and see the Big Bang.

1802
01:31:11,960 --> 01:31:13,720
Speaker 1: Well they couldn't look back to be a bag with closer.

1803
01:31:13,960 --> 01:31:17,960
Speaker 2: Yeah, as close as they could get. And how far

1804
01:31:18,039 --> 01:31:20,159
back have we gotten? Pretty time far?

1805
01:31:20,399 --> 01:31:22,000
Speaker 1: In fact, one of the stories that came out this

1806
01:31:22,119 --> 01:31:26,319
year is we've identified a supernova from when the universe

1807
01:31:26,399 --> 01:31:28,960
was only seven hundred and thirty million years old, which

1808
01:31:29,000 --> 01:31:31,920
is yeah, so yeah, under a billion, like we're talking

1809
01:31:32,000 --> 01:31:36,680
we think it's thirteen point eight billion years old. In

1810
01:31:36,800 --> 01:31:39,319
twenty four they found a supernova that was one point

1811
01:31:39,359 --> 01:31:42,199
eight billionaere That was from one point eight billionaears in

1812
01:31:42,279 --> 01:31:45,600
the at the beginning of the universe. So now they've

1813
01:31:45,640 --> 01:31:47,920
gotten further back. Like, the problem is that you get

1814
01:31:47,960 --> 01:31:51,399
to a point where light didn't work the same way. Right,

1815
01:31:51,439 --> 01:31:52,960
there was too much energy in the universe. It was

1816
01:31:53,039 --> 01:31:55,279
just all white. So you can only see so far back.

1817
01:31:55,279 --> 01:31:58,600
But we're seeing much further back and we're finding errors

1818
01:31:58,640 --> 01:32:01,560
in our math. That makes sense. We have to update

1819
01:32:01,600 --> 01:32:05,119
our math. That's always good though, that means good things. Yeah,

1820
01:32:05,199 --> 01:32:07,359
this is where new science comes from. Like James Webb

1821
01:32:07,439 --> 01:32:10,520
is doing its job. It's challenging our assumptions about how

1822
01:32:10,560 --> 01:32:13,720
things work. That gravity behavior may have changed over the

1823
01:32:13,800 --> 01:32:16,119
duration of the universe, that mass may have changed over

1824
01:32:16,119 --> 01:32:20,239
the duration of universe. Like really tricky concepts.

1825
01:32:19,960 --> 01:32:23,439
Speaker 2: And any new anything new about dark energy and dark matter.

1826
01:32:23,560 --> 01:32:25,199
Speaker 1: Well that's the arguments that are going on right now,

1827
01:32:25,199 --> 01:32:27,680
but no, nothing being resolved. The problem here is we've

1828
01:32:27,680 --> 01:32:32,039
done the observations. It's question everything we know. Now you

1829
01:32:32,119 --> 01:32:34,520
have to work on possible solutions and do further testing

1830
01:32:34,560 --> 01:32:36,800
and that takes time. There's no two ways around it.

1831
01:32:36,840 --> 01:32:39,800
But James Webb is doing its job. It's in demand.

1832
01:32:39,920 --> 01:32:44,560
It's awesome. Yes, Okay, last couple of things. There's a

1833
01:32:44,560 --> 01:32:48,640
company recently formed called K two Space, and what they're

1834
01:32:48,640 --> 01:32:52,399
talking about is taking advantage of the new heavy lift

1835
01:32:52,479 --> 01:32:57,039
vehicles like New Glend and Starship to build big satellites.

1836
01:32:57,399 --> 01:32:58,800
You know, for a long time, the push has been

1837
01:32:58,840 --> 01:33:02,399
smaller and smaller status lights because they're cheaper and our

1838
01:33:02,560 --> 01:33:04,880
ministurization works so well. But they're saying, let's start big,

1839
01:33:04,960 --> 01:33:08,039
big one. They call them Mega class, so three meter

1840
01:33:08,199 --> 01:33:11,279
by three meter platforms like that would only fit in

1841
01:33:11,479 --> 01:33:15,399
really large spacecraft. They've already raised two hundred and fifty

1842
01:33:15,439 --> 01:33:18,399
million dollars. That's enough money to fly something, and they

1843
01:33:18,399 --> 01:33:21,319
have a contract with the Space Force for demonstration flight.

1844
01:33:22,119 --> 01:33:24,079
One of the key pieces of tech they have with

1845
01:33:24,199 --> 01:33:26,840
them is a very high powered hall of Thark thruster,

1846
01:33:26,960 --> 01:33:30,560
so twenty kilowatt Halifac thruster that takes a lot of electricity.

1847
01:33:30,560 --> 01:33:33,479
Those are big solar panels, so you would be talking

1848
01:33:33,520 --> 01:33:36,319
about building really big satellites. I think this is super

1849
01:33:36,319 --> 01:33:40,199
exciting that we're shining looking at things like New Glen

1850
01:33:40,439 --> 01:33:43,000
and Starship and saying what can we build that would

1851
01:33:43,000 --> 01:33:44,920
actually take advantage of these heavy loads, and that's what

1852
01:33:44,960 --> 01:33:48,439
these guys are working on. That's cool, and that leads

1853
01:33:48,520 --> 01:33:51,239
us to our last topic, which I wish I didn't

1854
01:33:51,279 --> 01:33:53,319
have to talk about a bunch of people in asking questions,

1855
01:33:53,399 --> 01:33:56,960
especially a fellow named Kieran Lanning who pinged me online

1856
01:33:57,000 --> 01:34:03,039
to say, hey, what about space based power and this

1857
01:34:03,119 --> 01:34:05,359
whole AI in orbit thing?

1858
01:34:05,560 --> 01:34:07,600
Speaker 2: All right now, I don't know how real this is,

1859
01:34:07,640 --> 01:34:10,159
but I did see something on Facebook. So take that

1860
01:34:10,359 --> 01:34:12,800
from what it's worth, because there's lots of BS.

1861
01:34:12,800 --> 01:34:13,439
Speaker 1: You know what it's worth.

1862
01:34:13,520 --> 01:34:16,199
Speaker 2: It's on face that it was either China or Japan

1863
01:34:16,479 --> 01:34:21,920
has successfully built a solar station in space that is

1864
01:34:22,000 --> 01:34:24,039
beaming energy back down to Earth.

1865
01:34:24,159 --> 01:34:26,319
Speaker 1: So is that BS or is that real? No, they've

1866
01:34:26,319 --> 01:34:28,319
done it, but that's never been hard to do. It's

1867
01:34:28,359 --> 01:34:31,279
a question of scale, right right, when are you going

1868
01:34:31,359 --> 01:34:34,079
to get to meaningful amounts of power? And this feeds

1869
01:34:34,079 --> 01:34:36,159
into and we'll talk about this a lot more on

1870
01:34:36,199 --> 01:34:39,760
the Energy Geek ount this whole issue about the stress

1871
01:34:40,399 --> 01:34:44,119
that artificial intelligence has put on the power grid. Yes,

1872
01:34:44,239 --> 01:34:46,279
and so one of the proposals and has now been

1873
01:34:46,319 --> 01:34:49,000
companies farmed like Starcloud to say, let's just put it

1874
01:34:49,000 --> 01:34:52,680
in orbit, let's put data centers in orbit and power

1875
01:34:52,720 --> 01:34:54,279
off of solar panels.

1876
01:34:54,319 --> 01:34:55,960
Speaker 2: You know, the thing that you won't have a problem

1877
01:34:55,960 --> 01:34:58,760
with is overheating, because it's freaking cold in space.

1878
01:34:59,159 --> 01:35:02,119
Speaker 1: That The problem is it is cold in space, but

1879
01:35:02,279 --> 01:35:04,479
there's no atmosphere, so it's very hard to get rid

1880
01:35:04,520 --> 01:35:07,560
of the heat. You've got. What are the heaviest parts

1881
01:35:07,640 --> 01:35:12,000
of the International Space Station are its radiators. When you

1882
01:35:12,039 --> 01:35:13,640
look at a picture of the space station, you'll see

1883
01:35:13,640 --> 01:35:16,640
these big white panels that are always pointed differently than

1884
01:35:16,640 --> 01:35:19,000
the solar panels. Pole panels pointed one way, these light.

1885
01:35:19,119 --> 01:35:22,560
Those are heat radiators. They're trying to dissipate the heat

1886
01:35:22,600 --> 01:35:25,960
of charging the batteries. Because they spend forty five minutes

1887
01:35:26,000 --> 01:35:28,479
in sunlight forty five minutes in darkness, they're constantly switching

1888
01:35:28,520 --> 01:35:31,319
between solar power and battery power, solar power, battery power.

1889
01:35:31,600 --> 01:35:34,640
Speaker 2: So it has its own challenges besides scale and money.

1890
01:35:34,760 --> 01:35:37,960
Speaker 1: Well, no huge problems. So first off, if you're going

1891
01:35:38,039 --> 01:35:40,840
to be the low enough orbit that you can actually

1892
01:35:40,880 --> 01:35:44,439
have reasonable latency for a data center, then you're always

1893
01:35:44,479 --> 01:35:46,560
going to be in shadow unless you put yourself in

1894
01:35:46,560 --> 01:35:49,199
a sun synchronous orbit. So a sun synchronous orbit means

1895
01:35:49,239 --> 01:35:52,720
you stain in an orbit where you are always in sunlight.

1896
01:35:53,479 --> 01:35:55,560
The problem that, of course is the planet is moving

1897
01:35:55,640 --> 01:35:57,239
under you, so you're always going to have to be

1898
01:35:57,319 --> 01:36:00,800
changing your connections to what you relay against you budget landing.

1899
01:36:00,880 --> 01:36:02,279
Speaker 2: And also you're probably gonna have to be either in

1900
01:36:02,319 --> 01:36:04,600
Antarctica or the Arctic, right, you're gonna have to be

1901
01:36:04,600 --> 01:36:05,439
at one of the poles.

1902
01:36:05,640 --> 01:36:08,119
Speaker 1: No, it'd you always be in sunlight, right, No? No.

1903
01:36:08,359 --> 01:36:11,680
A sunsynchronous orbit is basically an orbit where you are

1904
01:36:11,960 --> 01:36:14,439
orbiting at a rate that the Sun stays over you.

1905
01:36:14,560 --> 01:36:17,800
It's okay, but you might be orbiting, but don't you

1906
01:36:17,920 --> 01:36:20,479
also have to stay in geosynchronous orbit so that you

1907
01:36:20,520 --> 01:36:23,439
don't beam energy back down to Earth at the same spot.

1908
01:36:23,520 --> 01:36:25,960
That's only if you're doing yeah, no, if you're if

1909
01:36:25,960 --> 01:36:29,000
you're a geosynchronous orbit, then you're always in sunlight because

1910
01:36:29,039 --> 01:36:30,319
you're far enough away from the Earth. It's not a

1911
01:36:30,319 --> 01:36:32,720
big deal. Okay. The downside is it's six hundred milliseconds

1912
01:36:32,760 --> 01:36:35,199
of latency. So a data center is stupid up there,

1913
01:36:35,279 --> 01:36:37,399
just doesn't make sense. It's a great place for power,

1914
01:36:37,600 --> 01:36:39,119
it's a terrible place for a data.

1915
01:36:38,920 --> 01:36:41,000
Speaker 2: Center, all right, okay, right, two different things.

1916
01:36:40,880 --> 01:36:44,319
Speaker 1: Yeah, two totally different things. Right, So but these whole ideas,

1917
01:36:44,399 --> 01:36:47,119
let's use solar power for data centers, which you know, dude,

1918
01:36:47,319 --> 01:36:49,039
that's fine. Dude on the ground. It's just you'll need

1919
01:36:49,079 --> 01:36:52,680
such huge batteries that it makes no sense. Yeah, so okay,

1920
01:36:52,720 --> 01:36:54,479
you could go into it. There is a lower sun

1921
01:36:54,479 --> 01:36:57,479
synchronous orbit. It's a it's a funny inclination, so it's

1922
01:36:57,640 --> 01:36:59,960
limited amount of boost to get there. It's also done

1923
01:37:00,000 --> 01:37:01,920
stable orbits are always going to be burning fluid to

1924
01:37:01,960 --> 01:37:04,880
do it. And then you're going to deploy some huge

1925
01:37:04,920 --> 01:37:07,560
solar panels because you want a lot of electricity to

1926
01:37:07,640 --> 01:37:10,880
run your data center. Well, all those solar panels create

1927
01:37:10,880 --> 01:37:13,960
additional atmospheric drag, so you're going to need even more

1928
01:37:14,000 --> 01:37:16,960
fuel to try and stay in orbit. And it's hard

1929
01:37:17,000 --> 01:37:20,359
to move something that big without breaking it. And that's

1930
01:37:20,399 --> 01:37:22,079
not even the heavy part. The heavy part's going to

1931
01:37:22,079 --> 01:37:24,319
be the cooling of those computers. It's hard to cool

1932
01:37:24,359 --> 01:37:27,520
them on land, Trying to cool them in space is

1933
01:37:27,720 --> 01:37:30,800
hugely problem at it. So the sensible thing if you

1934
01:37:30,840 --> 01:37:33,079
really want to put a data center in space, would

1935
01:37:33,079 --> 01:37:36,359
be to actually put the power up a geostationary orbit

1936
01:37:36,359 --> 01:37:38,760
where you'd never have to move it and then relay

1937
01:37:38,760 --> 01:37:40,079
to the data centers. Are you going to do that?

1938
01:37:40,119 --> 01:37:42,399
Just put the data center on the ground, right, What's

1939
01:37:42,399 --> 01:37:44,960
the diff're because the cooling is easy. You don't have

1940
01:37:45,000 --> 01:37:47,439
to lift all that stuff up. Like the logical thing

1941
01:37:47,439 --> 01:37:48,960
to do if you really want to do this stuff

1942
01:37:49,000 --> 01:37:57,159
in space is to build geostationary orbit power because then

1943
01:37:57,159 --> 01:37:59,279
you don't care about the latency. You're just beaming electricity down.

1944
01:37:59,319 --> 01:38:00,880
And it'd be great if you would drive that forward.

1945
01:38:00,880 --> 01:38:03,800
But if when you do the math on what it's

1946
01:38:03,840 --> 01:38:07,079
going to cost to lift those solar panels up, this

1947
01:38:07,239 --> 01:38:12,680
makes no sense. This is the pets dot Com of

1948
01:38:12,720 --> 01:38:15,239
the AI bubble. And let's let's face it.

1949
01:38:15,279 --> 01:38:18,560
Speaker 2: I mean, the AI companies are facing an economic crisis

1950
01:38:18,600 --> 01:38:22,000
right now because they're not profitable and you know, and

1951
01:38:22,039 --> 01:38:29,880
they're basically subsidizing our fast responses from lllms and it's

1952
01:38:29,960 --> 01:38:34,159
not sustainable. So and it may may come to a

1953
01:38:34,239 --> 01:38:34,920
head very soon.

1954
01:38:35,000 --> 01:38:37,359
Speaker 1: Yeah, and that's what I'm saying. It's it's this is

1955
01:38:37,399 --> 01:38:39,760
the pets dot com, right The last stage of the

1956
01:38:39,800 --> 01:38:43,760
dot com boom was these really dumb websites, this really

1957
01:38:43,840 --> 01:38:46,880
dumb data center idea is how you know, we're out

1958
01:38:46,880 --> 01:38:49,680
of ideas on how to do this faster, like the

1959
01:38:49,760 --> 01:38:51,359
time it's going to take you to do this at

1960
01:38:51,399 --> 01:38:54,800
scale and space you could have built more power plans online, Like,

1961
01:38:54,960 --> 01:38:57,479
what are you doing right? It's just it's another way

1962
01:38:57,479 --> 01:38:59,720
to raise money and to keep people distracted and to

1963
01:38:59,760 --> 01:39:02,119
keep people excited while you're at the tail end of

1964
01:39:02,319 --> 01:39:04,520
and that's a crazy bubble. We'll go further into that

1965
01:39:04,560 --> 01:39:06,760
when we talk about the power problems and the energy I.

1966
01:39:06,720 --> 01:39:08,760
Speaker 2: Was just going to say, that's a really good teaser

1967
01:39:08,880 --> 01:39:11,359
for the next geek Out, which is the Energy geek.

1968
01:39:11,079 --> 01:39:12,720
Speaker 1: Out, And believe me, I'm going to do that at

1969
01:39:12,720 --> 01:39:14,399
the end of the Energy geek Out because in a

1970
01:39:14,439 --> 01:39:17,199
lot of ways, it's a distraction. I expect because of

1971
01:39:17,279 --> 01:39:20,960
the time it takes to build any of this, this

1972
01:39:21,039 --> 01:39:23,680
whole bubble will be over before any of it comes online.

1973
01:39:23,680 --> 01:39:25,920
I think you're right about that. And it's not just

1974
01:39:26,640 --> 01:39:30,279
we who think that. I mean, everybody is predicting the

1975
01:39:30,439 --> 01:39:34,920
AI bubble shell burst very soon, if it hasn't burst already. Yeah.

1976
01:39:35,000 --> 01:39:36,720
They At the beginning of twenty twenty five, it was

1977
01:39:36,760 --> 01:39:40,399
all about the AI powerhouse. By the end of twenty

1978
01:39:40,439 --> 01:39:42,319
twenty five, it's all about the AI bubble. You can

1979
01:39:42,399 --> 01:39:44,960
see it coming. It's pretty obvious. And this is just

1980
01:39:45,039 --> 01:39:48,319
the silliest part of it. So far right. I'm all

1981
01:39:48,520 --> 01:39:50,439
for space based power. If we want to build it,

1982
01:39:50,479 --> 01:39:53,840
that's great. It's expensive, right, That's why the proposal was

1983
01:39:54,039 --> 01:39:56,720
Actually mature technology is on the Moon because all the

1984
01:39:56,880 --> 01:40:00,319
ingredients to build solar panels are on the Moon, and

1985
01:40:00,399 --> 01:40:03,479
that reduced gravity. You'd actually make better crystals on the

1986
01:40:03,479 --> 01:40:06,199
Moon than you would on Earth. And then it's not

1987
01:40:06,359 --> 01:40:10,079
that hard to get back to geostationary orbit from the Moon.

1988
01:40:10,560 --> 01:40:12,800
It's really quite easy because the green gravity is so

1989
01:40:12,920 --> 01:40:15,880
much lower. So it would make sense to construct those

1990
01:40:15,920 --> 01:40:19,399
panels up there, send them back to geostationary orbit, assemble it,

1991
01:40:20,199 --> 01:40:21,920
and then beam the power to the surface, which is

1992
01:40:21,920 --> 01:40:24,039
one of the things that Bezos was talking about. Yeah,

1993
01:40:24,159 --> 01:40:27,319
this is all possible, but it's not. Also, it's a

1994
01:40:27,359 --> 01:40:28,560
decade away or more.

1995
01:40:28,680 --> 01:40:31,199
Speaker 2: And the beaming of power is done by microwave. Right,

1996
01:40:31,239 --> 01:40:33,560
that's the best idea so far. If you're going space

1997
01:40:33,600 --> 01:40:36,000
to space, you can do it with a lasers because

1998
01:40:36,039 --> 01:40:38,760
it doesn't vacuum doesn't diffuse it. But as soon as

1999
01:40:38,760 --> 01:40:41,319
you want to go through an atmosphere, you're much better

2000
01:40:41,359 --> 01:40:43,720
off using microwaves because they go through the atmosphere. And

2001
01:40:43,800 --> 01:40:45,640
the problem with microwaves is you want to beam that

2002
01:40:45,720 --> 01:40:49,119
to a place on Earth where there's nobody.

2003
01:40:48,760 --> 01:40:51,159
Speaker 1: That's going to get in that way of that beam,

2004
01:40:51,239 --> 01:40:53,760
because you may fry well, I mean that put a

2005
01:40:53,800 --> 01:40:56,520
fence around. Well, it's not going to be dense enough

2006
01:40:56,520 --> 01:40:58,840
to fry anything you play. It's not going to cook

2007
01:40:58,880 --> 01:41:00,279
birds in flight, like, that's not.

2008
01:41:01,199 --> 01:41:03,880
Speaker 2: I was worried about people, not birds, but no birds

2009
01:41:03,920 --> 01:41:05,199
you could actually eat.

2010
01:41:05,560 --> 01:41:08,720
Speaker 1: Well, it's not going to damage aircraft, like, none of

2011
01:41:08,760 --> 01:41:11,560
those things would happen, But you would still want to

2012
01:41:11,560 --> 01:41:14,239
put a fence around that, like you shouldn't be walking

2013
01:41:14,239 --> 01:41:16,760
around in there, but it's not likely to do any

2014
01:41:17,199 --> 01:41:22,720
substantial harm. Microwaves aren't dense enough to do that, not

2015
01:41:23,119 --> 01:41:25,800
at that scale. We you know, go back and listen

2016
01:41:25,800 --> 01:41:28,600
to the Space based power geek out. We talked through

2017
01:41:28,640 --> 01:41:32,000
all of this, although at the time, you know, starship

2018
01:41:32,079 --> 01:41:34,079
was just an idea. Like if it's only when we

2019
01:41:34,119 --> 01:41:36,359
get down to this couple one hundred dollars a kilogram

2020
01:41:36,399 --> 01:41:39,720
to lowerth orbit that even becomes vaguely feasible. But I

2021
01:41:39,720 --> 01:41:43,640
would think the more practical thing to do would be

2022
01:41:43,800 --> 01:41:46,560
to get mature the technology is on the Moon to

2023
01:41:46,560 --> 01:41:49,319
be able to do construction there because here's the fun part.

2024
01:41:49,399 --> 01:41:52,079
As soon as you've got space based power working at scale,

2025
01:41:52,119 --> 01:41:55,479
it's not just zero emission energy landing on the Earth

2026
01:41:55,479 --> 01:41:59,960
and that's awesome, it's also infrastructure for flying spacecraft around.

2027
01:42:00,159 --> 01:42:03,359
You know, every space vehicle to be able to maneuver

2028
01:42:03,560 --> 01:42:08,079
has to carry some kind of propellant, some kind of engine,

2029
01:42:08,279 --> 01:42:11,800
and some kind of power source. When we use chemical rockets,

2030
01:42:11,800 --> 01:42:14,560
we've combined the compower source and the compeller pealant together.

2031
01:42:14,960 --> 01:42:17,199
But if you think about an electrical engine, like a

2032
01:42:17,239 --> 01:42:20,199
Hall effect thrust or an ion engine, your power source

2033
01:42:20,239 --> 01:42:23,079
is typically solar panels, and then you have a high

2034
01:42:23,079 --> 01:42:27,279
density fuel or propellant like xenon, and the engine is electric.

2035
01:42:27,359 --> 01:42:31,760
It accelerates the zene on at high velocities. But solar

2036
01:42:31,760 --> 01:42:33,960
panels are heavy and they take up a lot of room.

2037
01:42:34,560 --> 01:42:36,960
So what if you could eliminate those by having the

2038
01:42:37,000 --> 01:42:43,159
power plant be a stationary thing. So geostationary orbit power system.

2039
01:42:43,800 --> 01:42:46,119
You're flying spacecraft back and forth between the Moon and

2040
01:42:46,159 --> 01:42:49,239
the Earth, and you could actually beam the power onto

2041
01:42:49,279 --> 01:42:51,199
that thing so it doesn't have to carry the weight

2042
01:42:51,199 --> 01:42:53,560
of its own big power plant for running those engines

2043
01:42:53,600 --> 01:42:55,920
at high power, so it can decelerate. It's really smart,

2044
01:42:56,079 --> 01:42:59,640
it's interesting, and it speaks to a more complex future

2045
01:42:59,680 --> 01:43:02,199
where we build out this infrastructure in space that allows

2046
01:43:02,239 --> 01:43:04,680
us to move vehicles around. You might be only running.

2047
01:43:04,760 --> 01:43:10,039
You imagine if we started putting spacecraft into Mars cycler orbits.

2048
01:43:10,520 --> 01:43:12,560
So this is like, once you get up to speed,

2049
01:43:12,880 --> 01:43:15,039
it'll fly you to Mars in about six months and

2050
01:43:15,119 --> 01:43:17,479
back to the Earth in about thirty months on its own.

2051
01:43:17,520 --> 01:43:19,239
It doesn't need any more energy after that, but you've

2052
01:43:19,239 --> 01:43:21,199
got to get it up to speed. Well that's the

2053
01:43:21,199 --> 01:43:23,279
point where you'd be close enough to that space based

2054
01:43:23,359 --> 01:43:25,439
power that you could actually beam the power on board

2055
01:43:25,439 --> 01:43:27,479
to run that engine, to get it to its speed,

2056
01:43:27,520 --> 01:43:29,760
and you never need to run it again. Interesting.

2057
01:43:29,920 --> 01:43:32,800
Speaker 2: Yeah, these geek outs are always interesting to me, Richard.

2058
01:43:32,920 --> 01:43:35,720
I always learned many, many things. So thank you for

2059
01:43:35,760 --> 01:43:38,319
your research and your time and effort that you put

2060
01:43:38,319 --> 01:43:39,079
into these things.

2061
01:43:39,720 --> 01:43:42,880
Speaker 1: Yeah, you know, they're some of the hardest days at

2062
01:43:42,920 --> 01:43:44,840
the end of the year, but they're rewarding to to

2063
01:43:44,840 --> 01:43:47,079
get all this together. So I'm glad to have it done.

2064
01:43:46,960 --> 01:43:50,000
Speaker 2: And everybody appreciates it. So thank you. All Right, that's

2065
01:43:50,039 --> 01:43:54,640
it and we will see you next time on Dot.

2066
01:43:54,600 --> 01:44:16,680
Speaker 1: Net dot net.

2067
01:44:16,800 --> 01:44:19,720
Speaker 2: Rocks is brought to you by Franklin's Net and produced

2068
01:44:19,720 --> 01:44:23,560
by Pop Studios, a full service audio, video and post

2069
01:44:23,560 --> 01:44:27,720
production facility located physically in New London, Connecticut, and of

2070
01:44:27,760 --> 01:44:32,720
course in the cloud online at pwop dot com. Visit

2071
01:44:32,720 --> 01:44:34,880
our website at d O T N E t R

2072
01:44:34,920 --> 01:44:38,840
O c k S dot com for RSS feeds, downloads,

2073
01:44:39,000 --> 01:44:42,680
mobile apps, comments, and access to the full archives going

2074
01:44:42,720 --> 01:44:46,119
back to show number one, recorded in September two thousand

2075
01:44:46,119 --> 01:44:48,800
and two. And make sure you check out our sponsors.

2076
01:44:48,920 --> 01:44:51,960
They keep us in business. Now go write some code.

2077
01:44:52,279 --> 01:44:57,479
Speaker 1: See you next time. You gotvans.

2078
01:44:57,880 --> 01:45:02,720
Speaker 2: And my mess home, then

2079
01:45:02,800 --> 01:45:04,880
Speaker 1: My taxes in line credit