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<v Speaker 1>Chapter thirteen of the Art of War. This is a

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<v Speaker 1>LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in a public domain.

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<v Speaker 1>For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox dot org.

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<v Speaker 1>The Art of War by Swindsor Chapter thirteen, The Use

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<v Speaker 1>of Spies. One Swinzer said, raising a host of one

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<v Speaker 1>hundred thousand men and marching them great distances entails heavy

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<v Speaker 1>laws on the people and a drain on the resources

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<v Speaker 1>of the state. The daily expenditure will amount to a

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<v Speaker 1>thousand ounces of silver. There will be commotion at home

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<v Speaker 1>and abroad, and men will drop down exhausted on the

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<v Speaker 1>high As many as seven hundred thousand families will be

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<v Speaker 1>impeded in their labor. Two hostile armies may face each

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<v Speaker 1>other for years, striving for the victory, which is decided

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<v Speaker 1>in a single day. This being so to remain in

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<v Speaker 1>ignorance of the enemy's condition simply because one grudges the

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<v Speaker 1>outlay of a hundred ounces of silver in honest and

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<v Speaker 1>emoluments is the height of inhumanity. Three. One who acts

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<v Speaker 1>thus is no leader of men, no present help to

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<v Speaker 1>his sovereign, no master of victory. Four. Thus, what enables

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<v Speaker 1>the wise sovereign and the good general to strike and

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<v Speaker 1>conquer and achieve things beyond the reach of ordinary men

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<v Speaker 1>is four knowledge. Five. Now this four knowledge cannot be

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<v Speaker 1>elicited from spirits. It cannot be obtained inductively from experience,

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<v Speaker 1>nor by any deductive calculation. Six. Knowledge of the enemy's

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<v Speaker 1>dispositions can only be obtained from other men. Seven. Hence

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<v Speaker 1>the use of spies, of whom there are five classes.

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<v Speaker 1>One local spies, two inward spies, three converted spies, four

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<v Speaker 1>doomed spies, five surviving spies. Eight. When these five kinds

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<v Speaker 1>of spy are all at work, none can discover the

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<v Speaker 1>secret system. This is called divine manipulation of the threats.

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<v Speaker 1>It is the sovereign's most precious faculty. Nine. Having local

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<v Speaker 1>spies means employing the services of the inhabitants of a district. Ten,

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<v Speaker 1>Having inward spies, making use of officials of the enemy.

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<v Speaker 1>Eleven having converted spies, getting hold of the enemy's spies

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<v Speaker 1>and using them for our own purposes. Twelve having doomed

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<v Speaker 1>spies doing certain things openly for purposes of deception, and

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<v Speaker 1>allowing our spies to know of them and report them

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<v Speaker 1>to the enemy. Surviving spies. Finally, are those who bring

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<v Speaker 1>back news from the enemy's camp. Fourteen. Hence it is

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<v Speaker 1>that which none in the whole army are more intimate

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<v Speaker 1>relations to be maintained than with spies. None should be

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<v Speaker 1>more liberally rewarded. In no other business should greater secrecy

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<v Speaker 1>be preserved. Fifteen. Spies cannot be usefully employed without a

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<v Speaker 1>certain intuitive sagacity. Sixteen. They cannot be properly managed without

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<v Speaker 1>benevolence and straightforwardness Seventeen. Without subtle ingenuity of mind, one

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<v Speaker 1>cannot make certain of the truth of the reports. Eighteen

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<v Speaker 1>Be subtle, Be subtle, and use your spies for every

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<v Speaker 1>kind of business. Nineteen. If a secret piece of news

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<v Speaker 1>is devulged by a spy before the time is ripe,

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<v Speaker 1>he must be put to death, together with the men

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<v Speaker 1>to whom the secret was told. Twenty. Whether the object

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<v Speaker 1>be to crush an army, to storm a city, or

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<v Speaker 1>to assassinate an individual, it is always necessary to begin

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<v Speaker 1>by finding out the names of the attendants, the aid

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<v Speaker 1>to come, and door keepers and sentries of the general

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<v Speaker 1>in command. Our spies must be commissioned to ascertain these.

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<v Speaker 1>Twenty One. The enemy's spy is who have come to

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<v Speaker 1>spy on us must be sought out, tempted with bribes,

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<v Speaker 1>led away, and comfortably housed. Thus they will become converted

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<v Speaker 1>spies and available for our service. Twenty two. It is

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<v Speaker 1>through the information brought by the converted spy that we

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<v Speaker 1>are able to acquire and employ local and inward spies.

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<v Speaker 1>Twenty three. It is owing to his information again, that

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<v Speaker 1>we can cause the doomed spy to carry false tidings

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<v Speaker 1>to the enemy twenty four. Lastly, it is by his

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<v Speaker 1>information that the surviving spy can be used on appointed

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<v Speaker 1>occasions twenty five. The end and aim of spying in

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<v Speaker 1>all its five varieties is knowledge of the enemy, and

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<v Speaker 1>this knowledge can only be derived, in the first instance

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<v Speaker 1>from the converted spies. Hence, it is essential that the

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<v Speaker 1>converted spy be treated with the utmost liberality. Twenty six

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<v Speaker 1>of old, the rise of the Yin dynasty was due

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<v Speaker 1>to i Chi, who had served under the Shwar. Likewise,

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<v Speaker 1>the rise of the Jiaou dynasty was due to lu Yah,

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<v Speaker 1>who had served under the Yin twenty seven. Hence, it

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<v Speaker 1>is only the enlightened ruler and the wise general who

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<v Speaker 1>will use the highest influence of the army for purposes

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<v Speaker 1>of spying, and thereby they achieve great results. Spies are

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<v Speaker 1>a most important element in water, because on them depends

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<v Speaker 1>an army's ability to move. End of Chapter thirteen, End

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<v Speaker 1>of the Art of War by swindzor recording by Paul

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<v Speaker 1>Z Hong Kong