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<v Speaker 1>Hello, and welcome to my podcast. This is an audio

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<v Speaker 1>version of my videos available to make listening to my

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<v Speaker 1>stuff in the background easier than YouTube makes it. But

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<v Speaker 1>since my videos are primarily made for YouTube, there may

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<v Speaker 1>be occasional references to visual materials. If you'd like this

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<v Speaker 1>podcast ad free, you can join us on Patreon Apppatreon

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<v Speaker 1>dot com, slash Vice Rhino. Please enjoy.

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<v Speaker 2>Hello and welcome to my channel Vice Rhino. Here today,

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<v Speaker 2>I'm looking at a video from the Pursue God channel,

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<v Speaker 2>which is the channel that brought us the guy who

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<v Speaker 2>looked like he was being held at gunpoint while defending slavery.

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<v Speaker 2>This time they are giving us three reasons to trust

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<v Speaker 2>the reliability of the Bible. I imagine that this is

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<v Speaker 2>going to be another case of them just showing one

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<v Speaker 2>tiny aspect of the Bible to be reliable and then

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<v Speaker 2>extrapolating from there to the idea that the entire thing

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<v Speaker 2>is reliable because that one tiny aspect is. Of course,

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<v Speaker 2>that's not actually how reliability works, but that's usually how

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<v Speaker 2>apologists present it. So let's see if I'm right.

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<v Speaker 3>And the first reason, we are calling historical evidence ancient

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<v Speaker 3>manuscripts and archaeological digs have stacked up in favor of

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<v Speaker 3>biblical reliability.

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<v Speaker 2>And this is where I will ask, what exactly do

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<v Speaker 2>you mean by reliability. Now, if by that you mean

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<v Speaker 2>that our modern reconstruction of the books of the Bible

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<v Speaker 2>transmit the words of the original documents relatively faithfully, then

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<v Speaker 2>I would be willing to grant that, though I would

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<v Speaker 2>also argue that there is enough doubt in that area

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<v Speaker 2>to say rather definitively that there was no supernatural help

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<v Speaker 2>with the transmission of the documents. If, however, you mean

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<v Speaker 2>that the stories in the Bible are reliable accounts of

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<v Speaker 2>actual events, then that is largely not true. There are

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<v Speaker 2>some correct details, like the names and places of people,

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<v Speaker 2>but there's also a lot that we know it got wrong.

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<v Speaker 2>And with these things that we know it got wrong,

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<v Speaker 2>there are different reasons for the different stories. So, for instance,

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<v Speaker 2>we know that the Exodus didn't happen as described by

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<v Speaker 2>the Bible because there has been zero evidence of such

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<v Speaker 2>a large population of Hebrew slaves existing in Egypt at

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<v Speaker 2>any time that would match up with the story, and

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<v Speaker 2>there is zero evidence of a mass migration on the

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<v Speaker 2>scale required for that story to be true. That large

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<v Speaker 2>a group of people can't wander around a known location

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<v Speaker 2>for decades while leaving zero evidence behind. But for the

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<v Speaker 2>Book of Samuel, we know that a lot of that

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<v Speaker 2>book is wrong because of all of its anachronisms. It

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<v Speaker 2>has them fighting against an army that had soldiers manted

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<v Speaker 2>on camels. It talks about the use of iron tools

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<v Speaker 2>as though they were comeplace at the time, It references

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<v Speaker 2>the Kushites, a group of people who wouldn't have been

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<v Speaker 2>prominent in the area until after the twenty sixth dynasty

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<v Speaker 2>of Egypt. And more, in the case of the birth

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<v Speaker 2>narratives for Jesus, we actually know that they cannot be

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<v Speaker 2>simultaneously true because each of them has historically accurate information

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<v Speaker 2>within their account. So in Matthew, Jesus was born while

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<v Speaker 2>Herod the Great was king. In Luke, it says that

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<v Speaker 2>he was born while Kyrineus was governor of Syria. The

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<v Speaker 2>problem here being that Herod the Great died in either

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<v Speaker 2>four or one BCE, and Chyrineus did not become governor

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<v Speaker 2>of Syria until six CE, either six or nine years

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<v Speaker 2>after Herod's death. But hey Bonus points for menustioning real

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<v Speaker 2>people like Here the Great and Chirnius, right, That must

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<v Speaker 2>mean the whole thing is true.

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<v Speaker 3>Anytime you and I are trying to assess the accuracy

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<v Speaker 3>or the validity of any ancient piece of literature, we

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<v Speaker 3>want to look at two things. How many manuscripts do

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<v Speaker 3>we have access to and how reliable are those manuscripts.

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<v Speaker 2>Sure, those are important metrics, but notably they are important

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<v Speaker 2>for the question of how much of the ancient text

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<v Speaker 2>and question can be reconstructed. It says nothing as to

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<v Speaker 2>whether or not the events recorded and said text are

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<v Speaker 2>true events. For comparison, it is estimated that the various

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<v Speaker 2>books in Terry Pratchett's Discworld series have sold over one

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<v Speaker 2>hundred million copies. Does this mean that historians of the

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<v Speaker 2>future should conclude that the world is being carried on

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<v Speaker 2>the backs of four elephants that are themselves on the

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<v Speaker 2>back of a great turtle. Of course not, because more

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<v Speaker 2>copies does not equal more true.

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<v Speaker 3>So let's tackle that first question, how many, and let's

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<v Speaker 3>see how the Bible stacks up with some other famous

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<v Speaker 3>ancient works of literature. We'll start with Aristotle. We have

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<v Speaker 3>access to forty nine copies of the earliest manuscripts for Aristotle.

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<v Speaker 3>Not bad right for a guy who wrote the original

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<v Speaker 3>almost twenty five hundred years ago. If we were to

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<v Speaker 3>compare that to the works of Homer, maybe you had

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<v Speaker 3>to read the Iliad or the Odyssey as you were

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<v Speaker 3>going through school. And we have six hundred and forty

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<v Speaker 3>three copies of Homer's works, and you'll see that when

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<v Speaker 3>we look at the New Testament, it isn't even close.

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<v Speaker 2>And would you like to know why it isn't even close?

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<v Speaker 2>Because unlike Homer and Aristotle, the New Testament had over

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<v Speaker 2>a thousand years of one of the most powerful organizations

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<v Speaker 2>in the world dedicating a massive amount of resources to

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<v Speaker 2>making sure it got copied out. The same organization also

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<v Speaker 2>made sure to destroy a bunch of works that it

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<v Speaker 2>saw as heretical and well, the works of Aristotle and

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<v Speaker 2>Homer did largely escape that effort. Other ancient authors, like Celsus,

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<v Speaker 2>weren't as lucky. The only reason we even know that

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<v Speaker 2>Celsa's existed is because Origin of Alexandria wrote an eight

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<v Speaker 2>volume work titled Contracelsum, which was a response to celsus

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<v Speaker 2>work The True Word, which only survives in the form

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<v Speaker 2>of quotations by Origin. My point is it's not impressive

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<v Speaker 2>that there are a lot of copies that survived when

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<v Speaker 2>an organization existed dedicated to making a lot of copies

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<v Speaker 2>and ensuring their survival while purging what they saw as

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<v Speaker 2>heretical works. Also, keep in mind that the vast majority

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<v Speaker 2>of these manuscripts are from the ninth century onward, with

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<v Speaker 2>many of them being copies of other manuscripts that we

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<v Speaker 2>already have. Essentially, it'd be like photocopying a page twice

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<v Speaker 2>and then saying that we have three separate copies. I mean, sure,

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<v Speaker 2>technically that is true, we do have three copies, but

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<v Speaker 2>that says nothing about the contents of that page other

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<v Speaker 2>than that it was copied twice. But if we discard

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<v Speaker 2>the later works commissioned by a powerful church and focused

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<v Speaker 2>instead on the first three centuries, the number of manuscripts

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<v Speaker 2>dwindles down to a mere one hundred and twenty four,

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<v Speaker 2>most of which are tiny scraps, not the entire New

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<v Speaker 2>Testament or even entire books of the New Testament. Now,

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<v Speaker 2>to be fair, this is still impressive when compared to

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<v Speaker 2>other ancient texts, but it doesn't strike me as being

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<v Speaker 2>supernaturally impressive.

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<v Speaker 3>So clearly, when it comes to how many manuscripts we

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<v Speaker 3>have access to. There is more manuscript evidence for the

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<v Speaker 3>Bible than any other ancient work of literature.

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<v Speaker 2>Again, though this is not evidence that the Bible is true,

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<v Speaker 2>it is evidence that the Bible was copied a lot. Now,

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<v Speaker 2>let's look at that manuscript graph showing when all the

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<v Speaker 2>manuscripts were produced.

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<v Speaker 1>Again.

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<v Speaker 2>Do you see how there's a very sharp decline after

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<v Speaker 2>the fourteenth century. Do you know why that is, Well,

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<v Speaker 2>it's because the word manuscript is definitionally a work that

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<v Speaker 2>is written out or copied by hand. You know, manually,

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<v Speaker 2>manuscript manually same same. So there was this thing that

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<v Speaker 2>was invented in the fourteen hundreds that you may have

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<v Speaker 2>heard of. It's called the printing press. Well, that's when

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<v Speaker 2>the Europeans got around to inventing it. Movable type printing

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<v Speaker 2>presses had already been in use in China for four

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<v Speaker 2>hundred years by that time. Anyway, my point is the

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<v Speaker 2>Bible will still be being copied extensively. But after the

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<v Speaker 2>printing press showed up that copying was no longer being

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<v Speaker 2>done exclusively by hand, and so handwritten copies began to decline.

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<v Speaker 2>But what is the functional difference here? Why is a

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<v Speaker 2>hand copied book of the Bible counted as evidence for

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<v Speaker 2>the accuracy of the Bible, but a printing press copied

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<v Speaker 2>one is not. It seems rather arbitrary if you ask me,

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<v Speaker 2>and now allow me to pose a hypothetical here, imagine

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<v Speaker 2>for a moment that we found a treasure trove containing

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<v Speaker 2>thirty thousand individual manuscripts of Homer's Odyssey. At that point,

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<v Speaker 2>it would have far surpassed the number of manuscripts of

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<v Speaker 2>the Bible, even if we include the non Greek ones.

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<v Speaker 2>Would that mean that we should all believe in ciren

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<v Speaker 2>Cyclopsis and the Greek gods? If not, then why do

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<v Speaker 2>you think that a large number of manuscripts means that

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<v Speaker 2>I should believe in the Bible?

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<v Speaker 3>Now, the second question that we ask ourselves is how

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<v Speaker 3>reliable is it? Well, for the longest time, the oldest

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<v Speaker 3>manuscripts we had access to for the Old Testament was

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<v Speaker 3>the Massoretic Text, which was written around eight hundred AD.

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<v Speaker 3>Think something really cool happened in the years between nineteen

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<v Speaker 3>forty seven and nineteen fifty six. The Dead Sea Scrolls

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<v Speaker 3>were discovered.

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<v Speaker 2>Ah, Yes, the Dead Sea Scrolls. This is a collection

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<v Speaker 2>of documents which demonstrates that the idea of a Jesus

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<v Speaker 2>like Messiah was alive and well in the first century

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<v Speaker 2>BCE in Judea, which then throws a bit of a

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<v Speaker 2>wrench into the common apologetic argument that no first century

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<v Speaker 2>jo would have thought of the Messiahs that kind of figure.

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<v Speaker 3>Now, the Dead Sea Scrolls date back all the way

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<v Speaker 3>to one hundred and fifty BC.

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<v Speaker 2>Your dating's a little off here. The Dead Sea Scrolls

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<v Speaker 2>are a collection of nearly a thousand manuscripts found in

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<v Speaker 2>the Kumrong Caves, dating from three hundred BCE to one

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<v Speaker 2>hundred CE. Now, I'm sure he's just about to bring

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<v Speaker 2>up the Isaiah Scroll, because that is what apologies often

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<v Speaker 2>do when arguing for the accuracy of manuscript transmission. And

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<v Speaker 2>the Isaiah Scroll was dated to around one hundred and

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<v Speaker 2>fifty to one hundred and twenty five BCE, so that's

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<v Speaker 2>probably why he's giving that date.

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<v Speaker 3>Now, one of the amazing things about the Dead Sea

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<v Speaker 3>Scrolls is in the Dead Sea Scrolls we have a

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<v Speaker 3>copy of the entire Book of Isaiah.

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<v Speaker 2>A Boom called it. I'm going to skip this because

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<v Speaker 2>he takes a while and is very boring about it,

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<v Speaker 2>but he goes on to explain that it's ninety five

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<v Speaker 2>percent identical to the copy we have from the Masoretic Text,

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<v Speaker 2>indicating that it was reliably transmitted over those nine hundred

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<v Speaker 2>and fifty or so years, which is largely true. While

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<v Speaker 2>there are a few thousand differences, they do mostly amount

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<v Speaker 2>to simple spelling differences in scribal errors. But now we

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<v Speaker 2>also have to keep in mind that for important texts,

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<v Speaker 2>any changes are most likely to be made within the

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<v Speaker 2>first decades of that text's existence. While and still new,

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<v Speaker 2>there will be fewer copies around for other scribes to check,

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<v Speaker 2>so whatever changes are made have a much higher chance

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<v Speaker 2>of being accepted as accurate. Isaiah was written between the

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<v Speaker 2>eighth and fourth centuries BCE. The Isaiah scroll from the

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<v Speaker 2>Dead Sea Scrolls was from the second century BCE, so

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<v Speaker 2>we would expect that if Isaiah had been changed during

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<v Speaker 2>its copying process, those changes would have long since been completed.

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<v Speaker 2>There's also the fact that Isaiah was by that point

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<v Speaker 2>being copied by highly educated Jewish scribes.

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<v Speaker 1>Well.

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<v Speaker 2>The books of the New Testament spent the first centuries

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<v Speaker 2>being copied mostly by amateurs who were prone to making

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<v Speaker 2>mistakes as well as making theologically motivated changes, and in

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<v Speaker 2>the manuscripts there is a definite trend of less reliability

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<v Speaker 2>in the transmission as we get older copies, which means

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<v Speaker 2>that for the first few centuries, where we have barely

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<v Speaker 2>any copies of anything, it is entirely possible that many

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<v Speaker 2>changes were made that we have no way of detecting.

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<v Speaker 2>The way we find out about them in more recent

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<v Speaker 2>manuscripts is by comparing them to other contemporary copies as

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<v Speaker 2>well as to the older manuscripts they were copied from.

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<v Speaker 2>We can't do that with the older manuscripts, but even

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<v Speaker 2>when the copying was being done largely by professional scribes,

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<v Speaker 2>we know of many such changes. It is entirely within

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<v Speaker 2>the realm of plausibility that theologically significant changes were made

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<v Speaker 2>early on and those changes became the accepted version of

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<v Speaker 2>the story.

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<v Speaker 3>So when it comes to manuscript evidence, we can see

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<v Speaker 3>that the Bible stands far above any other ancient work

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<v Speaker 3>of literature. And if we were to include archaeological evidence,

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<v Speaker 3>you would see the countless archaeological digs affirm the accuracy

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<v Speaker 3>of the historical places and events that are listed in

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<v Speaker 3>the Bible.

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<v Speaker 2>Places often yes, events not really know. It really is

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<v Speaker 2>fascinating to me how many apologists are capable of looking

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<v Speaker 2>at the Bible, seeing that a place was somewhat accurately

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<v Speaker 2>described by an author who'd likely lived there, and then

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<v Speaker 2>extrapolating from that the idea that the Bible accurately described

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<v Speaker 2>events that it said took place there. Like take the

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<v Speaker 2>pool at Bethesda, for instance, a pool was described and

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<v Speaker 2>Jesus healed a paralyzed guy there. In Jerusalem, the ruins

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<v Speaker 2>of a pool that matched the biblical description were found.

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<v Speaker 2>Therefore Jesus must have healed a paralyzed guy there. It

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<v Speaker 2>can't just be that the author of the Book of

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<v Speaker 2>John was familiar with a public location in a big

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<v Speaker 2>city and so use that as a setting for his story.

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<v Speaker 2>It has to be that the story itself is true.

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<v Speaker 2>This is the New York City exists, so spider Man

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<v Speaker 2>must be real. Line of argument. It is possible to

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<v Speaker 2>write fiction and have it set in a real location,

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<v Speaker 2>and it is even possible to accurately describe that location

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<v Speaker 2>while doing so. And yet we are supposed to take

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<v Speaker 2>the existence of some places that the Bible describes as

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<v Speaker 2>evidence that the Bible is not fiction. Also, there are

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<v Speaker 2>geographical errors in the Gospels that make it clear that

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<v Speaker 2>the authors were not in fact as familiar with the

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<v Speaker 2>region as we would expect if they were actually traveling

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<v Speaker 2>around it with Jesus. Ironically, the one that shows the

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<v Speaker 2>best geographical knowledge is Luke, the one gospel that explicitly

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<v Speaker 2>states in its opening that is not an eyewitness account,

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<v Speaker 2>but is compiling accounts based on other accounts.

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<v Speaker 3>Now, let's talk about textual evidence. The Bible contained sixty

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<v Speaker 3>six books written by forty authors over the course of

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<v Speaker 3>fifteen hundred years, and yet it tells one unified story.

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<v Speaker 2>Only if you squint really hard and ignore a bunch

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<v Speaker 2>of stuff, including most of the scholarship surrounding the authorship

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<v Speaker 2>of the various books of the Bible. Hell, according to

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<v Speaker 2>the Bible, even Jesus himself came out and directly contradicted

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<v Speaker 2>a bunch of from the Old Testament. You have heard

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<v Speaker 2>that it was said an eye for an eye, and

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<v Speaker 2>a tooth for a tooth. But I say to you,

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<v Speaker 2>do not resist the one who is evil. But if

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<v Speaker 2>anyone slaps you on the right cheek, turn to him

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<v Speaker 2>the other. Also, that is a direct refutation of the

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<v Speaker 2>Jewish law Leviticus twenty four nineteen through twenty says, if

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<v Speaker 2>anyone injures his neighbor as he has done, it shall

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<v Speaker 2>be done to him fracture for fracture, I for eye,

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<v Speaker 2>tooth for tooth. Whatever injury he has given a person

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<v Speaker 2>shall be given to him. Tell me, how is it

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<v Speaker 2>the same message to say at one point, if you

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<v Speaker 2>are injured by your neighbor, then your neighbor shall be

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<v Speaker 2>injured in the same way, and then later to say,

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<v Speaker 2>if you are injured by your neighbor, then don't do

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<v Speaker 2>anything to defend yourself for secrettribution. Instead, present yourself in

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<v Speaker 2>a way that will allow him to continue injuring you,

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<v Speaker 2>especially when the statement about allowing yourself to be continually

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<v Speaker 2>injured begins by saying, you have heard the first thing said,

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<v Speaker 2>but I'm saying do this instead.

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<v Speaker 3>Let me just give you a quick sampling of how

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<v Speaker 3>diverse the biblical authors are. We're gonna start with Moses.

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<v Speaker 3>If you know anything about Moses's story, he was born

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<v Speaker 3>and israelied. He was born during a time when Israel

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<v Speaker 3>was slaves under the Egyptians. He ended up becoming the

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<v Speaker 3>adopted son of Pharaoh's household.

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<v Speaker 2>Whatever may be said of the historicity of the figure

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<v Speaker 2>of Moses. One thing is certain, he did not write

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<v Speaker 2>the Pentituke. For starters, Deuteronomy thirty four tells us how

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<v Speaker 2>Moses died and how the people of Israel responded to

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<v Speaker 2>his death. Bit tricky for Moses to be the author

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<v Speaker 2>of that one. Also, all that stuff I said a

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<v Speaker 2>couple weeks ago regarding the documentary hypothesis for the authorship

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<v Speaker 2>of the Pentuke, and how the fact that the story

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<v Speaker 2>isn't even unified within the individual books is part of

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<v Speaker 2>how we know that different sections were written by different

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<v Speaker 2>authors with different cultures and times, with different opinions on

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<v Speaker 2>the same issues. Yeah, all that.

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<v Speaker 3>Then we have David, a famous warrior the Shepherd who

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<v Speaker 3>had become king. David wrote about seventy five of the Psalms.

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<v Speaker 2>When describing David, you seem to have left out rapist

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<v Speaker 2>who murdered his victim's husband to cover up his crime,

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<v Speaker 2>which then resulted in God punishing David by torturing a

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<v Speaker 2>baby to death. It's not really relevant to the topic here,

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<v Speaker 2>but it is all always worth keeping in mind what

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<v Speaker 2>kind of God the Christian God is, and it's the

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<v Speaker 2>kind that would torture a baby to death in order

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<v Speaker 2>to punish the parent for doing something bad.

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<v Speaker 3>Luke was a first century doctor. He wrote the Gospel

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<v Speaker 3>of Luke and also the Book of Acts.

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<v Speaker 2>The idea that the author of Luke and Ax was

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<v Speaker 2>a physician originated largely with William Kirk Hobart's eighteen eighty

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<v Speaker 2>two book The Medical Language of Saint Luke. Okay, I

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<v Speaker 2>confess that's a bit of a lie. Church tradition has

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<v Speaker 2>him as Luke the physician, going back to the second century,

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<v Speaker 2>at least with the Miretonian fragment from about one hundred

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<v Speaker 2>and seventy CE. Identifying the author of Luke as the

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<v Speaker 2>well known physician Hobart was just the first attempt at

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<v Speaker 2>modern scholarly justification for connecting the traditional author with the

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<v Speaker 2>physician Luke mentioned in Colossians four fourteen. The idea was

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<v Speaker 2>that the author of Luke Ax was using a vocabulary

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<v Speaker 2>that could best be explained by him being a medical

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<v Speaker 2>professional of some kind. But it appears that Hobart put

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<v Speaker 2>the cart before the horse here. He went looking for

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<v Speaker 2>reasons why the Church tradition was accurate, and then he

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<v Speaker 2>found them. Subsequent examinations into the matter, though, found that

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<v Speaker 2>the vocabulary that was deemed to be evidence that Luke

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<v Speaker 2>was a medical professional, was actually pretty common among authors

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<v Speaker 2>who are known to not be medical professionals. Ninety percent

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<v Speaker 2>of the words could also be found in the works

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<v Speaker 2>of Josephus, who was most definitely not a physician. Among

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<v Speaker 2>the writings of Lucian, the satirist and playwright, similar medical

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<v Speaker 2>language appeared at a similar frequency to that which is

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<v Speaker 2>found in Luke Acts. There is also medical terminology found

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<v Speaker 2>in Matthew and Mark that not only does not appear

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<v Speaker 2>in Luke, but seems to be more interested in the

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<v Speaker 2>professional details than anything from Luke. So while this does

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<v Speaker 2>not definitively prove that the author of Luke Acts was

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<v Speaker 2>not a physician, it does serve to show that the

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<v Speaker 2>language that the author used was no more medicalized than

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<v Speaker 2>would be expected from any educated Greek author of the time.

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<v Speaker 3>John he was a Jewish fisherman until Jesus called him

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<v Speaker 3>to be a fisher of men.

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<v Speaker 2>Funnily enough, one of the reasons that we know the

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<v Speaker 2>Book of John was not authored by the disciple John

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<v Speaker 2>is because of the Jewish fisherman thing. He was uneducated.

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<v Speaker 2>Ibill agrees on that point. Acts four thirteen says that

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<v Speaker 2>he and Peter were common uneducated men, but the Book

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<v Speaker 2>of John was written by someone who is very highly

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<v Speaker 2>educated in literary techniques. So not only does John have

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<v Speaker 2>to get an education sometime in between the Resurrection and

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<v Speaker 2>his supposed authorship of the Gospel, but he also had

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<v Speaker 2>to learn an entirely new language, as a common uneducated

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<v Speaker 2>fisherman from Galilee would at the time have spoken Aramaic,

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<v Speaker 2>not Greek. Notably, the historian and highly educated member of

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<v Speaker 2>the Aristocracy, Josephus, struggled with Greek himself, admitting that when

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<v Speaker 2>it came to Greek, he relied on his assistance because

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<v Speaker 2>it's all Greek to him, you see.

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<v Speaker 3>And then lastly, we have Paul, the former Pharisee, who

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<v Speaker 3>at one time was actually rounding up and persecuting Christians

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<v Speaker 3>and having them put in prison and even killed, and

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<v Speaker 3>God ended up using him to write a huge portion

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<v Speaker 3>of the New Testament.

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<v Speaker 2>Fun fact, one of the ways that we can confirm

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<v Speaker 2>that Paul likely was actually a Pharisee and not a

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<v Speaker 2>member of a different Jewish sect is that this is

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<v Speaker 2>one of the small number of things that the Book

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<v Speaker 2>of Acts and Paul's epistles actually agree on. I mean,

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<v Speaker 2>there's no real reason to question it aside from just

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<v Speaker 2>being a disturber at this point. But given that we're

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<v Speaker 2>in the middle of claiming that the Bible has one

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<v Speaker 2>unified message, it is worth bringing up the fact that

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<v Speaker 2>disagreements between acts and the epistles is a pretty active

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<v Speaker 2>area of scholarly research.

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<v Speaker 3>So just in our list of five authors, we see

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<v Speaker 3>the amazing amount of diversity and the men that God

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<v Speaker 3>used to write the Bible. Imagine if we expanded that

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<v Speaker 3>to all forty authors.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, imagine with just the differences that I've highlighted here,

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<v Speaker 2>if we were to expand that to the definitely more

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<v Speaker 2>than forty authors.

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<v Speaker 3>Now we're gonna look at textual evidence as it relates

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<v Speaker 3>to fulfilled prophecy in the Bible, and I want to

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<v Speaker 3>start with the lineage of Jesus. We're gonna look at Genesis,

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<v Speaker 3>chapter forty nine, verse ten. It says the scepter will

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<v Speaker 3>not depart from Judah, nor the ruler's staff from his

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<v Speaker 3>descendants until the coming of the one to who belongs,

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<v Speaker 3>the one whom all nations will honor.

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<v Speaker 2>Before getting into it, I would like to point out

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<v Speaker 2>that this verse has one of the most hotly contested

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<v Speaker 2>translations in the whole of the Bible. Depending on which

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<v Speaker 2>version you're using, it can say completely different things. Ea Spicer,

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<v Speaker 2>in his commentary on Genesis, spent more time discussing this

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<v Speaker 2>verse than any other verse in the chapter, and concluded

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<v Speaker 2>by pointing out that just a summary of the views

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<v Speaker 2>about these four words in the Shiloh passage this passage

398
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<v Speaker 2>would fill a good sized monograph ordinarily with biblical prophecies.

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<v Speaker 2>Reading the surrounding context makes it clear that either it's

400
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<v Speaker 2>not even a prophecy in the first place, or else

401
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<v Speaker 2>it isn't specific enough to get us to the conclusion

402
00:19:40.559 --> 00:19:43.279
<v Speaker 2>that the apologists want to arrive at. But in this case,

403
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<v Speaker 2>the actual scholars tasked with translating the Bible, most of

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<v Speaker 2>them Christians themselves, will agree that we don't have enough

405
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<v Speaker 2>information to know for sure what the proper translation of

406
00:19:52.880 --> 00:19:55.359
<v Speaker 2>this verse should even be, So keep that in mind

407
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<v Speaker 2>when he inevitably says that this is very clearly a

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<v Speaker 2>prophecy of King David, or of Jesus or something.

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<v Speaker 3>Now here's what's really cool. We see this prophecy about

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<v Speaker 3>Jesus all the way back in the very first book

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<v Speaker 3>of the Bible.

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<v Speaker 2>There you go. It is very clearly a prophecy about

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<v Speaker 2>Jesus as long as we go with the specific translation

414
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<v Speaker 2>that he has chosen and ignore all of the scholarships

415
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<v Speaker 2>surrounding the verse, even the translation he's using, which appears

416
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<v Speaker 2>to be the new Living translation. In context, this is

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<v Speaker 2>Jacob saying what's going to happen to his kids and

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<v Speaker 2>the tribes that they found it. So unless you believe

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<v Speaker 2>that Jesus only came to rule over specifically the Israelite

420
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<v Speaker 2>clan of Judah, it doesn't really fit anyway. I'm skipping

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<v Speaker 2>the rest of this part. He takes a long time

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<v Speaker 2>to say that, in Matthew, the genealogy of Jesus has

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<v Speaker 2>recorded such that it traces back to the clan of Judah.

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<v Speaker 2>Even if this were a prophecy about that and there

425
00:20:45.200 --> 00:20:47.759
<v Speaker 2>were no scholarly debate about the translation of this verse,

426
00:20:48.279 --> 00:20:51.119
<v Speaker 2>all this says is that a later author, who shows

427
00:20:51.160 --> 00:20:53.880
<v Speaker 2>every indication of being aware of and actively massaging his

428
00:20:53.920 --> 00:20:56.839
<v Speaker 2>story to fit older prophecies, wrote down a list that

429
00:20:56.920 --> 00:20:58.880
<v Speaker 2>started with Judah in order to make it fit with

430
00:20:58.880 --> 00:21:00.880
<v Speaker 2>a prophecy. Are unimpressed.

431
00:21:01.559 --> 00:21:05.079
<v Speaker 3>Now Matthew is writing to primarily a Jewish audience, and

432
00:21:05.119 --> 00:21:08.559
<v Speaker 3>he knows the importance of establishing the fact that the

433
00:21:08.599 --> 00:21:12.000
<v Speaker 3>Messiah comes from the line of Judah, just as it

434
00:21:12.039 --> 00:21:14.440
<v Speaker 3>was prophesied all the way back in Genesis.

435
00:21:14.759 --> 00:21:18.440
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, that that's what I said. I could write down

436
00:21:18.480 --> 00:21:20.440
<v Speaker 2>a bunch of names that would establish that I came

437
00:21:20.480 --> 00:21:22.680
<v Speaker 2>from the line of Judah if I really wanted to,

438
00:21:23.359 --> 00:21:26.319
<v Speaker 2>would that make that true? So, given your admission here

439
00:21:26.319 --> 00:21:29.279
<v Speaker 2>that Matthew knew of this prophecy and was actively writing

440
00:21:29.319 --> 00:21:32.200
<v Speaker 2>to make it clear that Jesus was fulfilling it, where

441
00:21:32.279 --> 00:21:34.599
<v Speaker 2>is your evidence that the things that Matthew wrote are

442
00:21:34.720 --> 00:21:37.599
<v Speaker 2>actually true. This is supposed to be a why the

443
00:21:37.640 --> 00:21:40.680
<v Speaker 2>Bible is reliable video, and where it stands now, you've

444
00:21:40.680 --> 00:21:43.839
<v Speaker 2>given excellent evidence to suggest that it is not. I'm

445
00:21:43.839 --> 00:21:45.640
<v Speaker 2>skipping the rest of the prophecies that he brings up,

446
00:21:45.640 --> 00:21:47.079
<v Speaker 2>but if you want to see more on that, I'll

447
00:21:47.119 --> 00:21:48.680
<v Speaker 2>leave a link to an older video of mine where

448
00:21:48.799 --> 00:21:50.720
<v Speaker 2>I began my tradition of looking up one of the

449
00:21:50.720 --> 00:21:53.519
<v Speaker 2>three hundred prophecies and seeing how prophetic it was. Anytime

450
00:21:53.559 --> 00:21:55.880
<v Speaker 2>an apologist mentions that there are over three hundred prophecies

451
00:21:55.880 --> 00:21:58.519
<v Speaker 2>of Jesus, this guy didn't actually mention the list, so

452
00:21:58.720 --> 00:22:00.880
<v Speaker 2>I didn't do it here, go watch that video to

453
00:22:00.880 --> 00:22:01.559
<v Speaker 2>scratch that itch.

454
00:22:02.720 --> 00:22:06.039
<v Speaker 3>This is what I love about textual evidence. See the

455
00:22:06.160 --> 00:22:09.000
<v Speaker 3>historical evidence that we looked at earlier really proves that

456
00:22:09.039 --> 00:22:12.519
<v Speaker 3>the Bible is accurate. It proves that the Bible is reliable.

457
00:22:12.559 --> 00:22:14.000
<v Speaker 3>But it could still just be a book.

458
00:22:14.839 --> 00:22:17.400
<v Speaker 2>Well nothing he brought up actually accomplished that, But do

459
00:22:17.519 --> 00:22:17.759
<v Speaker 2>go on.

460
00:22:18.880 --> 00:22:20.720
<v Speaker 3>It could still just be like any other book written

461
00:22:20.759 --> 00:22:25.480
<v Speaker 3>by human hands. But the textual evidence shows that God

462
00:22:25.720 --> 00:22:28.880
<v Speaker 3>is behind the writing of the Bible. That it's supernatural.

463
00:22:29.319 --> 00:22:31.640
<v Speaker 3>There's no way in the world that any human being

464
00:22:31.680 --> 00:22:34.400
<v Speaker 3>could have predicted and then carried out the fulfillment of

465
00:22:34.400 --> 00:22:35.440
<v Speaker 3>all those prophecies.

466
00:22:35.759 --> 00:22:38.279
<v Speaker 2>Apparently, the idea that an author writing at a later

467
00:22:38.400 --> 00:22:40.720
<v Speaker 2>date could have been aware of what an earlier author

468
00:22:40.759 --> 00:22:45.119
<v Speaker 2>wrote is so astounding as to require supernatural intervention. So

469
00:22:45.359 --> 00:22:47.319
<v Speaker 2>all those times I've referenced the anchor Bible in this

470
00:22:47.440 --> 00:22:50.759
<v Speaker 2>video are miraculous. Because Ea Spizer died before I was

471
00:22:50.799 --> 00:22:53.480
<v Speaker 2>even born. How could I possibly have known that he

472
00:22:53.559 --> 00:22:55.759
<v Speaker 2>wrote all that about Genesis forty nine ten way back

473
00:22:55.799 --> 00:22:58.680
<v Speaker 2>in nineteen sixty four. Being aware of previous works is

474
00:22:58.759 --> 00:23:00.359
<v Speaker 2>just impossible without a God.

475
00:23:01.200 --> 00:23:03.559
<v Speaker 3>And in fact, Jesus said as much to the religious

476
00:23:03.640 --> 00:23:06.799
<v Speaker 3>leaders of his time. He said in John five thirty nine,

477
00:23:06.880 --> 00:23:09.359
<v Speaker 3>you search the scriptures because you think they give you

478
00:23:09.400 --> 00:23:13.000
<v Speaker 3>eternal life. But the scripture's point to me, I don't know.

479
00:23:13.079 --> 00:23:15.720
<v Speaker 2>Man. That just seems like evidence that John was aware

480
00:23:15.759 --> 00:23:17.799
<v Speaker 2>of the scriptures and was therefore able to make his

481
00:23:17.839 --> 00:23:20.319
<v Speaker 2>story fit with them, rather than evidence that John was

482
00:23:20.440 --> 00:23:22.759
<v Speaker 2>unaware of the scriptures and was just telling the story

483
00:23:22.799 --> 00:23:25.640
<v Speaker 2>as it happened, and just so happened to fulfill a

484
00:23:25.680 --> 00:23:29.119
<v Speaker 2>bunch of these prophecies from scripture. I swear to you

485
00:23:29.160 --> 00:23:31.559
<v Speaker 2>that I have not been picking videos where the apologist

486
00:23:31.599 --> 00:23:34.079
<v Speaker 2>accidentally makes my case for me. But this is now

487
00:23:34.200 --> 00:23:37.000
<v Speaker 2>three weeks in a row. It's almost like there's some

488
00:23:37.039 --> 00:23:39.759
<v Speaker 2>divine intervention happening to make sure apologists look as bad

489
00:23:39.799 --> 00:23:41.400
<v Speaker 2>as possible, and.

490
00:23:41.359 --> 00:23:44.680
<v Speaker 3>That's going to lead us into our last source of evidence,

491
00:23:44.680 --> 00:23:47.960
<v Speaker 3>and that's what we're gonna call personal evidence. So the

492
00:23:48.000 --> 00:23:51.759
<v Speaker 3>Bible is ultimately about Jesus, and the change lives of

493
00:23:51.799 --> 00:23:54.839
<v Speaker 3>his followers is the most compelling proof of its message.

494
00:23:55.640 --> 00:23:59.680
<v Speaker 2>Okay, but from an historical perspective, it is difficult, bordering

495
00:23:59.720 --> 00:24:02.119
<v Speaker 2>on him possible to prove that most of his named

496
00:24:02.160 --> 00:24:05.519
<v Speaker 2>followers from the stories even existed in the first place.

497
00:24:05.759 --> 00:24:07.279
<v Speaker 2>If we want to talk about what they got up

498
00:24:07.319 --> 00:24:10.960
<v Speaker 2>to after Jesus died, it's even more difficult. So to

499
00:24:11.000 --> 00:24:14.440
<v Speaker 2>say that Jesus changed their lives is to just credulously

500
00:24:14.480 --> 00:24:16.720
<v Speaker 2>accept stories in a book that so far you have

501
00:24:16.759 --> 00:24:19.000
<v Speaker 2>failed to demonstrate is even the least bit reliable.

502
00:24:19.720 --> 00:24:22.839
<v Speaker 3>Let's take a look at three individuals who had encounters

503
00:24:23.160 --> 00:24:26.720
<v Speaker 3>with the risen Jesus and see how it changed their lives.

504
00:24:26.799 --> 00:24:27.920
<v Speaker 3>We're going to start with Peter.

505
00:24:28.440 --> 00:24:30.400
<v Speaker 2>I am once again going to skip his bit here.

506
00:24:30.799 --> 00:24:32.880
<v Speaker 2>I've been doing a lot of skipping, so as always,

507
00:24:32.920 --> 00:24:34.720
<v Speaker 2>the link to the original video is in the description

508
00:24:34.759 --> 00:24:36.000
<v Speaker 2>if you want to watch it for yourself to make

509
00:24:36.039 --> 00:24:37.799
<v Speaker 2>sure that I'm not straw manning him. But he just

510
00:24:37.799 --> 00:24:39.759
<v Speaker 2>takes a long ass time to say that Peter went

511
00:24:39.799 --> 00:24:42.119
<v Speaker 2>from denying Jesus to a mere serving girl on the

512
00:24:42.200 --> 00:24:45.359
<v Speaker 2>night of jesus trial to boldly proclaiming the gospel in

513
00:24:45.359 --> 00:24:47.640
<v Speaker 2>front of thousands of people on the day of Pentecost

514
00:24:47.680 --> 00:24:50.319
<v Speaker 2>according to the Book of Acts, which aside from the

515
00:24:50.319 --> 00:24:52.119
<v Speaker 2>fact that one event took place on a day where

516
00:24:52.200 --> 00:24:54.640
<v Speaker 2>being close to the guy could potentially have gotten you executed,

517
00:24:54.640 --> 00:24:56.799
<v Speaker 2>and the other happening after the heat had died down.

518
00:24:57.240 --> 00:24:59.279
<v Speaker 2>We also have to start with the assumption that both

519
00:24:59.319 --> 00:25:01.920
<v Speaker 2>events took place as described in order for that to

520
00:25:01.920 --> 00:25:05.160
<v Speaker 2>be even slightly impressive, And that's just not an assumption

521
00:25:05.200 --> 00:25:07.359
<v Speaker 2>that I'm willing to grant, especially when one of my

522
00:25:07.440 --> 00:25:10.920
<v Speaker 2>go to examples of an irreconcilable biblical contradiction is the

523
00:25:11.000 --> 00:25:13.880
<v Speaker 2>question of who Peter made his denials to All four

524
00:25:13.920 --> 00:25:16.000
<v Speaker 2>of the Gospels disagree, and they do so in a

525
00:25:16.000 --> 00:25:18.240
<v Speaker 2>way that is impossible to harmonize without adding a bunch

526
00:25:18.279 --> 00:25:20.720
<v Speaker 2>of details into the story that are not indicated by

527
00:25:20.759 --> 00:25:23.119
<v Speaker 2>the text, like assuming that when Jesus said that Peter

528
00:25:23.119 --> 00:25:25.960
<v Speaker 2>would deny him three times before the cock crowed twice,

529
00:25:26.200 --> 00:25:28.839
<v Speaker 2>what that really meant was that he would deny him

530
00:25:28.880 --> 00:25:31.799
<v Speaker 2>six times, three times before the cock crowed the first time,

531
00:25:32.079 --> 00:25:34.039
<v Speaker 2>and three more before the second crow.

532
00:25:34.920 --> 00:25:37.400
<v Speaker 3>The same Thomas who said I won't believe unless I

533
00:25:37.480 --> 00:25:40.039
<v Speaker 3>put my finger in the wound would go on to

534
00:25:40.079 --> 00:25:41.799
<v Speaker 3>be martyred for his faith.

535
00:25:42.039 --> 00:25:45.079
<v Speaker 2>And in that case, Thomas had an experience where Jesus

536
00:25:45.160 --> 00:25:47.200
<v Speaker 2>actually showed up in front of him and let him

537
00:25:47.240 --> 00:25:50.640
<v Speaker 2>finger his holes. If Jesus lets me finger his holes,

538
00:25:50.799 --> 00:25:53.319
<v Speaker 2>then I will come back to the church. But also,

539
00:25:53.359 --> 00:25:55.759
<v Speaker 2>the primary source for the martyrdom of Thomas comes from

540
00:25:55.880 --> 00:25:58.799
<v Speaker 2>the apocryphal Acts of Thomas. If we are believing that

541
00:25:58.839 --> 00:26:01.039
<v Speaker 2>book for the account of his death, then I wonder

542
00:26:01.039 --> 00:26:02.960
<v Speaker 2>if we should also believe it when it says that

543
00:26:03.039 --> 00:26:05.960
<v Speaker 2>the way Thomas got to India was by Jesus selling

544
00:26:06.039 --> 00:26:08.799
<v Speaker 2>him as a slave to an Indian merchant. And I

545
00:26:08.839 --> 00:26:11.079
<v Speaker 2>would be curious to know why you would accept one

546
00:26:11.119 --> 00:26:13.920
<v Speaker 2>claim but not the other, assuming that you wouldn't actually

547
00:26:13.920 --> 00:26:16.559
<v Speaker 2>accept the idea of slave trader Jesus. But who knows.

548
00:26:16.640 --> 00:26:18.200
<v Speaker 2>Maybe you're okay with that given that the rest of

549
00:26:18.240 --> 00:26:19.839
<v Speaker 2>the Bible doesn't have a problem with slavery.

550
00:26:21.279 --> 00:26:23.079
<v Speaker 3>And then the last example I want to share with

551
00:26:23.119 --> 00:26:27.680
<v Speaker 3>you is Paul. So here we have Philippians three five.

552
00:26:28.039 --> 00:26:30.759
<v Speaker 3>Paul talks about what it was like before he encountered

553
00:26:30.799 --> 00:26:34.240
<v Speaker 3>the risen Jesus. He says, I was circumcised when I

554
00:26:34.279 --> 00:26:37.480
<v Speaker 3>was eight days old. I'm a pure blooded citizen of

555
00:26:37.519 --> 00:26:39.920
<v Speaker 3>Israel and a member of the tribe of Benjamin, a

556
00:26:40.039 --> 00:26:43.039
<v Speaker 3>real Hebrew if there ever was one. I was a

557
00:26:43.079 --> 00:26:45.960
<v Speaker 3>member of the Pharisees, who demand the strictest obedience to

558
00:26:46.000 --> 00:26:46.799
<v Speaker 3>the Jewish law.

559
00:26:46.839 --> 00:26:50.920
<v Speaker 2>That was Paul pre Jesus, and then he had his

560
00:26:51.000 --> 00:26:54.200
<v Speaker 2>Damascus Road experience and became the most powerful and influential

561
00:26:54.279 --> 00:26:56.759
<v Speaker 2>member of the new and growing religion. And of course

562
00:26:56.799 --> 00:26:58.640
<v Speaker 2>he couldn't have done it for the power and influence.

563
00:26:58.759 --> 00:27:01.880
<v Speaker 2>It could only be because Jesus really did show up

564
00:27:01.880 --> 00:27:03.640
<v Speaker 2>and have a chat with him.

565
00:27:03.680 --> 00:27:06.079
<v Speaker 3>But the reality is, if you've made up your mind

566
00:27:06.119 --> 00:27:09.680
<v Speaker 3>ahead of time that the Bible's not true, a mountain

567
00:27:09.720 --> 00:27:11.839
<v Speaker 3>of evidence wouldn't change your mind.

568
00:27:12.000 --> 00:27:14.759
<v Speaker 2>Ah, Yes, the good old fashioned. If you're not convinced

569
00:27:14.759 --> 00:27:17.559
<v Speaker 2>by this, then it couldn't possibly be because I didn't

570
00:27:17.559 --> 00:27:19.880
<v Speaker 2>make a good case for it. It could only be

571
00:27:19.880 --> 00:27:23.039
<v Speaker 2>because you decided not to be convinced by it in advance.

572
00:27:23.559 --> 00:27:26.319
<v Speaker 2>Excellent way to end your video. Today's comment of the

573
00:27:26.359 --> 00:27:31.720
<v Speaker 2>day comes to us from Jimmy Jimson. Those are probably

574
00:27:31.799 --> 00:27:36.519
<v Speaker 2>uppercase eyes. Jimmy the Third says, real mature, Rhino, real mature.

575
00:27:36.720 --> 00:27:38.279
<v Speaker 2>Along with the timestamp to the moment in the last

576
00:27:38.279 --> 00:27:40.519
<v Speaker 2>week's video where I said you could store binary data

577
00:27:40.559 --> 00:27:42.759
<v Speaker 2>in a series of rocks laid on the ground, and

578
00:27:42.880 --> 00:27:45.279
<v Speaker 2>to demonstrate that, I showed a lineup of rock storing

579
00:27:45.279 --> 00:27:48.240
<v Speaker 2>binary data, and well, as of this recording, I haven't

580
00:27:48.240 --> 00:27:51.400
<v Speaker 2>seen anyone else successfully decode the rocks. Jimmy here seems

581
00:27:51.440 --> 00:27:53.039
<v Speaker 2>to be the only person who have realized that I

582
00:27:53.119 --> 00:27:55.440
<v Speaker 2>use them to spell the word boob, and thus we

583
00:27:55.519 --> 00:27:58.640
<v Speaker 2>have conclusively demonstrated that not only can Rock store binary data,

584
00:27:58.799 --> 00:28:01.559
<v Speaker 2>but that data can be success fully transmitted over the Internet.

585
00:28:01.880 --> 00:28:03.920
<v Speaker 2>Thanks for watching. I'll be back next Friday with more,

586
00:28:03.960 --> 00:28:05.440
<v Speaker 2>but if you need to get your rhino fixed before then,

587
00:28:05.440 --> 00:28:07.440
<v Speaker 2>I lie stream with service every Wednesday eight thirty Eastern

588
00:28:07.480 --> 00:28:09.480
<v Speaker 2>on my other channel, The Watering Hole. Thanks to Piper

589
00:28:09.480 --> 00:28:11.240
<v Speaker 2>for being my editor, and special thanks as always to

590
00:28:11.240 --> 00:28:13.359
<v Speaker 2>my patrons, who are the boobs spelled out by the

591
00:28:13.440 --> 00:28:15.680
<v Speaker 2>Rocks that are my channel. If you'd like to be

592
00:28:15.680 --> 00:28:18.079
<v Speaker 2>evidence that I am truly a thirteen year old boy

593
00:28:18.119 --> 00:28:19.960
<v Speaker 2>at heart, you can join us on Patreon for as

594
00:28:19.960 --> 00:28:21.640
<v Speaker 2>little as a dollar per week, over at patroon dot com,

595
00:28:21.680 --> 00:28:23.519
<v Speaker 2>slash vice Rhano, or by supporting the channel and one

596
00:28:23.519 --> 00:28:24.720
<v Speaker 2>of the other methods that can be found at link

597
00:28:24.720 --> 00:28:26.680
<v Speaker 2>staf viceround dot com, which is also where you'll find

598
00:28:26.680 --> 00:28:28.480
<v Speaker 2>links to my other projects. If for whatever reason you

599
00:28:28.480 --> 00:28:30.519
<v Speaker 2>want to send me stuff, my pabox adresses in the description,

600
00:28:30.680 --> 00:28:31.839
<v Speaker 2>See you next time,