1 00:00:02,240 --> 00:00:06,080 Speaker 1: Welcome to the Bond and Ground Podcast, the podcasts where 2 00:00:06,080 --> 00:00:09,880 grounding and bonding aren't just topics, they're the foundation of 3 00:00:09,960 --> 00:00:15,480 electrical safety. Hosted by CMP five member Paul Abernethie, this 4 00:00:15,599 --> 00:00:19,320 show breaks down the National Electrical Code with a focus 5 00:00:19,399 --> 00:00:23,480 on Article two fifty, the article dedicated to proper grounding 6 00:00:23,559 --> 00:00:27,960 and bonding of electrical systems. Whether you're a season electrician 7 00:00:28,280 --> 00:00:30,960 or just decoding the code, you're in the right place. 8 00:00:32,159 --> 00:00:36,880 No resistance, just grounded knowledge. Now sit back and enjoy 9 00:00:36,920 --> 00:00:39,679 the podcast with your host, Paul Abernethy. 10 00:00:41,439 --> 00:00:45,039 Speaker 2: Hey, Hey, Hey, what up everybody? Welcome to another episode 11 00:00:45,240 --> 00:00:48,159 of the Bond and Ground Podcast. I believe we're up 12 00:00:48,200 --> 00:00:52,240 to episode seven, but if you're this is the first 13 00:00:52,240 --> 00:00:54,920 time you stumbled onto our podcast. Remember now, I have 14 00:00:55,079 --> 00:00:59,240 thousands of episodes on all types of topics that are 15 00:00:59,240 --> 00:01:04,719 available on are many, many, many other platforms. For example, 16 00:01:04,760 --> 00:01:08,439 if you go to Spotify, Spreaker, Deezer, iHeartRadio, Apple Podcasts, 17 00:01:08,519 --> 00:01:11,920 Google Podcast, whatever your flavor, or even if you use 18 00:01:11,959 --> 00:01:14,599 our mobile app, you can listen through our mobile app 19 00:01:14,640 --> 00:01:17,359 as well. It's free download over on our website fast 20 00:01:17,519 --> 00:01:21,120 Tracks that's t r a XSystem dot com. Feel free 21 00:01:21,120 --> 00:01:23,400 to go there and get it. 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And so again you 33 00:01:58,040 --> 00:02:00,920 can listen to all these episodes just search for Master 34 00:02:01,640 --> 00:02:06,519 the NEC podcast on all of those listening platforms, or 35 00:02:06,680 --> 00:02:11,479 the Let's Ask Paul podcast as well on all those platforms, 36 00:02:12,080 --> 00:02:15,599 and of course the new one here, the Bonding Ground podcast, 37 00:02:15,639 --> 00:02:18,000 which again is also playing on all of those popular 38 00:02:18,000 --> 00:02:20,680 search platforms. So whatever your flavor, you may like Spotify, 39 00:02:20,800 --> 00:02:23,639 that's great, I like Alexa, that's fine, But when it 40 00:02:23,680 --> 00:02:26,439 comes to my podcast, I recommend you listen to our 41 00:02:26,520 --> 00:02:29,360 mobile app. It's free and it's the easiest way to 42 00:02:29,479 --> 00:02:32,159 just one click boom, you get to the podcast. Just 43 00:02:32,199 --> 00:02:34,439 the easiest way to do it anyway, that's up to you. 44 00:02:35,120 --> 00:02:39,159 So today on the Bonding Ground podcast, we're going to 45 00:02:39,159 --> 00:02:46,000 talk about and this has evolved a little bit over 46 00:02:46,039 --> 00:02:50,360 the years, and it is steeped in a misconception and 47 00:02:50,479 --> 00:02:55,759 misunderstanding of what our the grounding system is all about 48 00:02:55,800 --> 00:02:57,520 and what we're supposed to do with the equipment, ground 49 00:02:57,560 --> 00:02:59,240 and conductors. That I figured we would touch on it 50 00:02:59,240 --> 00:03:03,960 today and kind of dispill those myths that people have 51 00:03:04,120 --> 00:03:06,240 out there. And again it's a lot of it has 52 00:03:06,280 --> 00:03:08,840 to do with the way the code was written through 53 00:03:08,879 --> 00:03:13,240 the years. It implied that you do something when now 54 00:03:13,280 --> 00:03:16,280 we've clarified of what you're supposed to do. And so 55 00:03:16,319 --> 00:03:18,199 that's what we're going to cover on today's episode. So 56 00:03:18,360 --> 00:03:21,319 make sure you buckle up for this, especially if you're 57 00:03:21,319 --> 00:03:24,120 new into the industry and you've been listening to so 58 00:03:24,280 --> 00:03:27,520 many people tell you how to do this, tell you 59 00:03:27,560 --> 00:03:29,759 how to do that, and you're like, dude, I just 60 00:03:29,800 --> 00:03:31,879 want to know the right way to do it, So 61 00:03:31,879 --> 00:03:33,199 I'm going to read it. So if you've got your 62 00:03:33,240 --> 00:03:36,400 codebooks or whenever you're listening to this podcast, you go 63 00:03:36,400 --> 00:03:38,080 to two fifty one forty eight. Now I'm in the 64 00:03:38,080 --> 00:03:40,400 twenty twenty three edition. We always are going to be 65 00:03:40,400 --> 00:03:43,960 in the latest edition. There was some obviously significant changes, 66 00:03:44,039 --> 00:03:46,199 especially to a topic that we're going to talk about today. 67 00:03:47,280 --> 00:03:50,120 But it's important to understand that a lot of times 68 00:03:50,159 --> 00:03:52,199 when we have changes in the code, a lot of 69 00:03:52,240 --> 00:03:55,800 it's to clarify. A lot of it's to make sure that, Okay, 70 00:03:55,800 --> 00:03:59,680 if there was any ambiguous statement, then we had a 71 00:03:59,719 --> 00:04:01,759 certain intent of the where the code needed to be, 72 00:04:02,120 --> 00:04:04,439 especially when it comes to code Panel five and grounding 73 00:04:04,479 --> 00:04:09,199 and bonding. That sometimes we'll do changes that help to 74 00:04:09,280 --> 00:04:12,439 clarify and just make the code better over time. And 75 00:04:12,560 --> 00:04:14,759 usability that's the key. A lot of times we just 76 00:04:14,800 --> 00:04:18,879 fix things for usability. So that's kind of what happened here. 77 00:04:19,399 --> 00:04:22,120 It's a usability thing when it comes to two fifty 78 00:04:22,160 --> 00:04:23,519 one forty eight. So I'm going to read it to 79 00:04:23,560 --> 00:04:26,560 you and then we'll just break certain parts of it down. 80 00:04:26,639 --> 00:04:31,160 Now fifty eight is titled Continuity of Equipment ground and 81 00:04:31,199 --> 00:04:36,399 Conductors and Attachment in Boxes, So that means the attachment 82 00:04:36,560 --> 00:04:40,639 of the equipment ground and conductor to the boxes and 83 00:04:40,680 --> 00:04:43,800 how you would facilitate that. Okay, so that's what it's 84 00:04:43,839 --> 00:04:48,959 all about. But it's also covering connections and splices within boxes. Okay, 85 00:04:49,399 --> 00:04:52,519 so let's kind of read that, and I'll read you 86 00:04:52,600 --> 00:04:54,600 the code and then I'll kind of break it down 87 00:04:54,639 --> 00:04:58,759 for you. So it says if circuit conductors are spliced. 88 00:05:00,480 --> 00:05:03,959 Now you notice that starts out with if, right, because 89 00:05:03,959 --> 00:05:06,639 you do have some allowances where the equipment grounds would 90 00:05:06,680 --> 00:05:08,600 just pass or the circuit conductors would pass through a 91 00:05:08,600 --> 00:05:11,920 box and not be spliced. Okay, so they can they 92 00:05:11,959 --> 00:05:15,560 go straight through. So remember what this is saying. It says, 93 00:05:15,720 --> 00:05:22,000 if if circuit conductors are spliced in a box okay, 94 00:05:22,439 --> 00:05:27,920 or terminated on equipment within or supported by a box, 95 00:05:28,600 --> 00:05:31,800 the installation shall comply with two fifty one eight A 96 00:05:32,199 --> 00:05:36,040 through D. I think this isn't new, but I think 97 00:05:36,079 --> 00:05:38,600 one of the most important statements of this is the 98 00:05:38,720 --> 00:05:43,680 very beginning, when it says if circuit conductors are spliced 99 00:05:43,720 --> 00:05:47,759 within a box or terminated on equipment within or supported 100 00:05:47,759 --> 00:05:52,199 by a box. I think that is so important, so 101 00:05:52,399 --> 00:05:55,199 important for you to understand that because if you have 102 00:05:55,360 --> 00:05:58,759 wired type egcs again, which is the acronym for equipment 103 00:05:58,800 --> 00:06:01,240 ground and conductors, and we're slowly getting rid of all 104 00:06:01,240 --> 00:06:04,560 of these acronyms, by the way, like bonding jumper for 105 00:06:04,680 --> 00:06:06,920 obvious reasons. I don't. I think it's kind of childish, 106 00:06:07,000 --> 00:06:12,199 but it is what it is. So these wires, the 107 00:06:12,199 --> 00:06:15,480 these circuit conductors with equipment grounds that are running through 108 00:06:15,480 --> 00:06:19,000 these raceways are going through these metal boxes and they're 109 00:06:19,040 --> 00:06:22,240 not spliced. So if they don't contain a splice or 110 00:06:22,279 --> 00:06:26,399 they don't terminate on equipment, then there's nothing that requires 111 00:06:26,480 --> 00:06:29,720 us to break those conductors, break that circuit. They're running 112 00:06:29,720 --> 00:06:32,199 from point A to point B. Now it's running through 113 00:06:32,199 --> 00:06:35,240 a metal box. Now we have to remember a couple 114 00:06:35,279 --> 00:06:37,800 of things here. In One of the things is like, 115 00:06:37,879 --> 00:06:41,759 if we have metal race ways that potentially qualify as 116 00:06:41,839 --> 00:06:45,040 equipment ground and conductors they qualify and they meet two 117 00:06:45,040 --> 00:06:48,839 fifty eighteen uh, they are part of an effective ground 118 00:06:48,839 --> 00:06:52,759 fault current path. If that's the case in the wiring method, 119 00:06:52,959 --> 00:06:55,279 and it's metal and it connects to a metal box, 120 00:06:56,000 --> 00:06:58,560 then there's no need to bond that metal box. It's 121 00:06:58,600 --> 00:07:02,560 it's already taken care of because the raceway system is 122 00:07:02,680 --> 00:07:06,480 meeting that requirement and you just simply uh. And that's 123 00:07:06,600 --> 00:07:09,240 even if you have the wire type equipment ground and 124 00:07:09,279 --> 00:07:12,399 conductor in there. But your circuit conductors and everything is 125 00:07:12,480 --> 00:07:14,759 running through the box and it's not spliced. There's nothing 126 00:07:14,800 --> 00:07:17,360 that's going to compel you to have to cut that 127 00:07:17,439 --> 00:07:21,680 equipment ground and now bond that box metal box because 128 00:07:21,680 --> 00:07:23,879 it's being done through the raceways that make a connection 129 00:07:23,959 --> 00:07:26,439 to the metal box. And as long as that raceway 130 00:07:26,480 --> 00:07:29,000 system complies with two fifty one eighteen and it is 131 00:07:29,040 --> 00:07:31,519 being used as an effective groundfall current path, then there's 132 00:07:31,759 --> 00:07:34,519 there's no reason to break that equipment ground. So the 133 00:07:34,600 --> 00:07:39,959 question then becomes, well, what if I'm using PVC and 134 00:07:40,040 --> 00:07:43,199 I have a metal box that's interposed into it, and 135 00:07:43,199 --> 00:07:46,040 again the conductors are running through it unbroken. Am I 136 00:07:46,199 --> 00:07:49,399 still compelled to bond the metal box even if it's 137 00:07:49,439 --> 00:07:51,639 being supplied by PVC. Well, of course you're going to 138 00:07:51,680 --> 00:07:54,680 have equipment grounds or the wire types running through it, okay, 139 00:07:55,480 --> 00:07:58,000 And if it is a metal box, it is required 140 00:07:58,040 --> 00:08:03,000 to be connected to the EGC. And basically the jumper 141 00:08:03,160 --> 00:08:05,519 that you're going to use is going to be based 142 00:08:05,560 --> 00:08:09,920 on the circuits over current protection the highest rating of 143 00:08:09,959 --> 00:08:13,240 the circuits that are in the box. Now, let's think 144 00:08:13,240 --> 00:08:17,600 about this. So people say, well, I've got a metal box, 145 00:08:17,639 --> 00:08:20,319 it's just floating out nowhere. Well if obviously, if it's 146 00:08:20,360 --> 00:08:23,839 got electrical conductor's running through it, then it's an enclosure. 147 00:08:23,879 --> 00:08:26,040 It's likely to be energized. You still got to meet 148 00:08:26,040 --> 00:08:29,079 the performance requirements two fifty dot four. So you're going 149 00:08:29,160 --> 00:08:32,399 to bond to that metal box, and the most logical 150 00:08:32,399 --> 00:08:34,240 thing you're going to do is bond to it with 151 00:08:34,320 --> 00:08:39,200 the EGC that's running with that circuit right now. The 152 00:08:39,279 --> 00:08:44,000 thing about this is that even though you know you 153 00:08:44,080 --> 00:08:47,840 can't get around the rules of three fourteen dot four, 154 00:08:47,919 --> 00:08:52,960 which requires metal boxes to be connected to the effective 155 00:08:53,240 --> 00:08:55,200 low impediance ground fault current path, I mean, it's got 156 00:08:55,240 --> 00:08:57,840 to be connected to metal boxes. Okay, you can't get 157 00:08:57,879 --> 00:09:01,600 around that. So that's what it's kind of talking about 158 00:09:01,720 --> 00:09:05,480 up front and saying, look, if conductors are spliced in 159 00:09:05,519 --> 00:09:09,039 a box or terminated on equipment within this supported or 160 00:09:09,080 --> 00:09:10,960 in this box or supported by this box, then you're 161 00:09:11,000 --> 00:09:15,519 going to connect it over to the metal box. Okay, 162 00:09:15,759 --> 00:09:18,360 that's it. That's all that's saying. If they pass through 163 00:09:19,000 --> 00:09:21,080 and it's still a metal box and you happen to 164 00:09:21,080 --> 00:09:24,200 be using it with a PVC wiring method, then you're 165 00:09:24,200 --> 00:09:26,600 going to have an equipment ground and conductor in there. Anyway, 166 00:09:26,759 --> 00:09:30,240 you still are going to need to bond that metal box. 167 00:09:30,360 --> 00:09:32,639 You can't just pass through. We got this isolated box. 168 00:09:32,679 --> 00:09:36,440 It still could become energized. So again that's the general 169 00:09:36,559 --> 00:09:39,799 requirement that you're going to have. Now, if there's no 170 00:09:39,879 --> 00:09:43,879 splices or no nothing, that's the general rule is that 171 00:09:44,000 --> 00:09:48,240 you know what, those conductors can simply pass through that 172 00:09:48,360 --> 00:09:50,399 type of thing. But then it reminds you that you 173 00:09:50,480 --> 00:09:52,639 have to meet the requirements of two fifty one forty 174 00:09:52,679 --> 00:09:54,519 eight A through D, and so that's how we're going 175 00:09:54,600 --> 00:09:57,159 to look at it. Right. So the very first thing, 176 00:09:57,200 --> 00:09:59,519 and we're again we're not talking about the exception where 177 00:09:59,519 --> 00:10:03,799 it talks equipment ground and conductors that are part of 178 00:10:03,879 --> 00:10:06,679 let's say an isolated it's still an equipment ground conductor, 179 00:10:06,679 --> 00:10:10,879 but it's considered an isolated equipment ground that has an 180 00:10:10,879 --> 00:10:14,279 exception that it does not need to connect with the 181 00:10:14,480 --> 00:10:16,720 other equipment grounds that are in the box or to 182 00:10:16,879 --> 00:10:19,720 the box. It's designed to go back to the source 183 00:10:20,559 --> 00:10:23,120 all the way through. And so if you have an 184 00:10:23,120 --> 00:10:25,960 application that complies or you're trying to do something with 185 00:10:26,279 --> 00:10:31,080 two fifty one six D. Then in that scenario, that's 186 00:10:31,120 --> 00:10:35,519 an isolated ground equipment ground that does not have to 187 00:10:35,559 --> 00:10:39,039 be together with all of the other equipment grounds. But anyway, 188 00:10:39,080 --> 00:10:41,679 we'll read all that still got to kindle it for Boxville, 189 00:10:41,720 --> 00:10:44,600 by the way, but it doesn't get connected with the others. 190 00:10:44,639 --> 00:10:48,120 Why because it's meeting those specific rules to be isolated 191 00:10:48,639 --> 00:10:52,360 and it can stay isolated. Okay, So anyway, let's kind 192 00:10:52,360 --> 00:10:54,440 of get into each one. So the first thing we'll 193 00:10:54,440 --> 00:10:58,600 look at is two fifty one eight A, and let's 194 00:10:58,639 --> 00:11:05,960 look at that one. Okay, So A says connections and splices. Now, 195 00:11:06,279 --> 00:11:08,399 if you're in the twenty twenty three edition of the 196 00:11:08,480 --> 00:11:12,519 National Electrical Code, you will notice that this first sentence 197 00:11:12,879 --> 00:11:16,919 is it's tanned out. Okay. In case you didn't notice this, 198 00:11:16,960 --> 00:11:21,000 if you have link or you have handout handbook, they 199 00:11:21,039 --> 00:11:24,120 will try to point out the changes of the verbiage 200 00:11:24,159 --> 00:11:27,440 that's changed from cycle to cycle. In this case, it'll 201 00:11:27,440 --> 00:11:29,519 be kind of a gray color. In the NEC, it's 202 00:11:29,600 --> 00:11:31,879 kind of kind of a highlighted color, you know, it 203 00:11:31,960 --> 00:11:35,519 kind of looks like a highlight. Again, they may miss 204 00:11:35,519 --> 00:11:37,679 a few in the code, but generally they do a 205 00:11:37,759 --> 00:11:41,919 really good job at NFPA catching all those things. And 206 00:11:41,960 --> 00:11:45,440 so I'm going to read what it says and try 207 00:11:45,480 --> 00:11:48,720 to explain to you that this really wasn't any different 208 00:11:49,120 --> 00:11:52,559 than the concepts in twenty twenty. The twenty twenty c 209 00:11:52,960 --> 00:11:56,720 versus what we are here, but the clarity is here, 210 00:11:57,360 --> 00:12:00,960 And so I think that's the problem is romantics over 211 00:12:01,000 --> 00:12:04,399 the different cycles where people did something we're going to 212 00:12:04,440 --> 00:12:07,919 talk about in a second. But good news is good 213 00:12:07,960 --> 00:12:12,159 news is sometimes we do look forward into code changes, 214 00:12:12,240 --> 00:12:14,480 even though we may not be on the twenty twenty three. 215 00:12:14,799 --> 00:12:17,360 We may be on the twenty twenty, but you look 216 00:12:17,399 --> 00:12:20,639 and see what the intent was of a change in 217 00:12:20,720 --> 00:12:24,120 twenty twenty three, and the change wasn't radically new. It 218 00:12:24,200 --> 00:12:27,919 was just adding clarity to something that you thought was accurate, 219 00:12:28,279 --> 00:12:30,799 but now you know is accurate. Does that make sense. 220 00:12:31,120 --> 00:12:33,039 I'll explain it more in a second. Now, let me 221 00:12:33,080 --> 00:12:35,919 read it for you real quick. It says we're in 222 00:12:36,000 --> 00:12:41,039 a connections and splices. It says all equipment grounding conductors 223 00:12:41,559 --> 00:12:45,519 that are spliced or terminated. Okay, so again we're not 224 00:12:45,600 --> 00:12:47,399 talking about if you have a box and you have 225 00:12:47,440 --> 00:12:52,399 conductors that are passing straight through, right, We're talking about 226 00:12:52,559 --> 00:12:56,279 the fact that we're dealing with conductors that are spliced 227 00:12:56,399 --> 00:12:59,320 or terminated within a box, and it says that all 228 00:12:59,360 --> 00:13:02,360 equipment ground conductors that are spliced and terminated in a 229 00:13:02,399 --> 00:13:08,000 box shall be connected together, not those that are passing through. Okay, 230 00:13:08,600 --> 00:13:11,039 not those that are passing through. Now, I remind you 231 00:13:11,080 --> 00:13:13,559 that if if you have multiples in a box, and 232 00:13:13,639 --> 00:13:16,440 it is a metal box, uh, and it's being supplied 233 00:13:16,480 --> 00:13:20,159 let's say by PVC raceways. Let's say and you have 234 00:13:20,200 --> 00:13:22,639 a metal box that's interposed. You remember the other rules said, 235 00:13:22,679 --> 00:13:24,360 you know what, we're going to use this whatever the 236 00:13:25,600 --> 00:13:28,919 circuit with the largest overcurrent protected device to supply that 237 00:13:29,039 --> 00:13:31,440 jumper over to the box. We we get you. If 238 00:13:31,440 --> 00:13:34,240 it happens to be that circuit that is unspliced, happens 239 00:13:34,320 --> 00:13:36,320 to be the largest overcurrent device, and that happens to 240 00:13:36,320 --> 00:13:39,399 be the biggest equipment ground, then you're gonna have to 241 00:13:39,440 --> 00:13:43,840 make a connection from that EGC over to the metal box. Okay, 242 00:13:43,960 --> 00:13:47,679 if that's an isolated metal box, Okay, all right. So 243 00:13:47,759 --> 00:13:49,759 I just want to make sure that's clear for everybody. 244 00:13:50,120 --> 00:13:54,840 So this is saying that if you have splices, if 245 00:13:54,840 --> 00:13:59,320 you have terminations, it's requiring all of the equipment grounds 246 00:13:59,360 --> 00:14:03,679 to come together. It doesn't mean that if I go 247 00:14:03,799 --> 00:14:08,200 to the unspliced circuit that's going through and I'm required 248 00:14:08,240 --> 00:14:12,159 to connect that equipment ground to the box, it doesn't 249 00:14:12,399 --> 00:14:14,440 make me. I mean, I can do that in a 250 00:14:14,440 --> 00:14:18,799 way that doesn't splice or terminate that equipment ground. Whether 251 00:14:18,840 --> 00:14:21,039 I run it through a lay in lug, whether I 252 00:14:21,120 --> 00:14:23,200 just strip off some of the insulation and do a 253 00:14:23,279 --> 00:14:25,679 lay in lug on the box, whether I loop it 254 00:14:25,720 --> 00:14:29,200 through a bonding bushing that would loop it through depending 255 00:14:29,240 --> 00:14:30,879 on what size it is, in order to bond that 256 00:14:30,919 --> 00:14:35,200 box and let it keep on its way unbroken, unspliced, Okay, 257 00:14:35,240 --> 00:14:37,960 that type of thing, then I can argue that that's 258 00:14:38,679 --> 00:14:40,399 not going to have to be I'm not going to 259 00:14:40,480 --> 00:14:43,639 require a jumper to bring it to a splice like 260 00:14:43,679 --> 00:14:47,519 a wire nut. Okay. So important that we understand these 261 00:14:47,519 --> 00:14:51,679 little nuances here. It's not terminated. It may be leading 262 00:14:51,679 --> 00:14:54,320 through a lug, but it's not ending. It's not terminating 263 00:14:54,639 --> 00:14:58,840 its direction. It's continuing on through the box. Okay. So 264 00:14:58,919 --> 00:15:01,720 that's just a little nuance. But if you do have 265 00:15:01,799 --> 00:15:04,879 the box, and maybe you have a box, for example, 266 00:15:04,919 --> 00:15:09,000 that's got twelve twos and fourteen two's coming into a 267 00:15:09,039 --> 00:15:13,559 box very common. One of the things that people used 268 00:15:13,559 --> 00:15:17,919 to think is that you separate your twelves and you 269 00:15:18,000 --> 00:15:21,679 separate your fourteens, for example, so that the equipment grounds, 270 00:15:21,720 --> 00:15:24,279 all of the fourteens you splice together with the jumper, 271 00:15:24,919 --> 00:15:27,639 and all of your twelves you splice together, and you 272 00:15:27,759 --> 00:15:30,600 keep them separate in the box. And that was never 273 00:15:30,639 --> 00:15:32,799 the intent. The concept was to tie all of these 274 00:15:32,840 --> 00:15:36,879 equipment grounds together to create this spider web, if you will, 275 00:15:36,919 --> 00:15:40,679 of low impedance, effective ground fault current paths. Okay, Redundancy 276 00:15:40,720 --> 00:15:43,120 is not a bad thing here, Okay, especially in these 277 00:15:43,360 --> 00:15:47,120 because these are non current carrying conductors. That's that they're originally, 278 00:15:47,320 --> 00:15:50,120 that's what they're there for. They're bonding. Okay, there are 279 00:15:50,200 --> 00:15:52,799 given the ground reference that we've talked about in other episodes, 280 00:15:53,559 --> 00:15:56,159 but at the end of the day, connecting them all 281 00:15:56,159 --> 00:15:58,919 together is a good thing. And so all this is 282 00:15:58,960 --> 00:16:02,159 reminding you is that all equipment ground conductors that are spliced, 283 00:16:02,279 --> 00:16:04,399 not just your twelves to your twelves, and your tens 284 00:16:04,399 --> 00:16:06,200 to your tens, or your fourteens or your fourteen, all 285 00:16:06,279 --> 00:16:09,279 of them come together. Granted you use the proper wirenut, 286 00:16:09,399 --> 00:16:12,360 proper sizing can handle the number of conductors. You don't 287 00:16:12,360 --> 00:16:17,159 do none, stupid. Okay, then that's what you do, right, 288 00:16:17,200 --> 00:16:19,960 So all of them so all spliced. It doesn't matter 289 00:16:20,039 --> 00:16:23,759 the size. They all must come together in this box 290 00:16:24,399 --> 00:16:28,759 if they're spliced or terminated. Okay. Now it goes on 291 00:16:28,799 --> 00:16:32,720 to say conductors and splices shall be made in accordance 292 00:16:32,759 --> 00:16:36,519 with one ten dot fourteen B and two fifty dot eight, 293 00:16:36,720 --> 00:16:41,960 except that insallation insulation shall not be required. Okay, So 294 00:16:42,159 --> 00:16:45,799 typically these would be bear and you know again you 295 00:16:45,840 --> 00:16:49,720 can use any of the terminations of two fifty dot eight. 296 00:16:50,320 --> 00:16:53,279 Insulation is not required. That's why we use equipment grounds 297 00:16:53,639 --> 00:16:55,519 that type of thing. So, so at the end of 298 00:16:55,559 --> 00:16:59,320 the day, if you've got multiple cables coming into a 299 00:16:59,360 --> 00:17:03,360 box and you're splicing, then you just bring all of 300 00:17:03,360 --> 00:17:06,240 the equipment grounds together. You don't separate the twelves, you 301 00:17:06,279 --> 00:17:08,640 don't a separate the fourteens and then have their own 302 00:17:08,640 --> 00:17:11,839 little thing. No, you bring them together. Another thing that 303 00:17:11,880 --> 00:17:15,160 I will talk about here that seems to be a 304 00:17:15,279 --> 00:17:19,680 misnomer is that when you bring all of your cables 305 00:17:19,680 --> 00:17:22,039 in the boxes. Let's say I have a box and 306 00:17:22,240 --> 00:17:24,559 let me paint you the mental picture here. I've got 307 00:17:24,599 --> 00:17:27,559 a fourteen to two's coming in, say one coming in, 308 00:17:27,640 --> 00:17:29,960 one going out, and then i got a twelve two 309 00:17:30,000 --> 00:17:32,279 coming in and a twelve two going out. Let's just 310 00:17:32,279 --> 00:17:36,279 say but let's just say that I've got two separate 311 00:17:36,799 --> 00:17:41,079 receptacles in this box. One is fourteen and one is twelve. 312 00:17:41,599 --> 00:17:44,240 Now I'm going to bring all of the equipment grounds together, right, 313 00:17:45,200 --> 00:17:47,319 bring them both the fourteens and twelve under the same 314 00:17:47,359 --> 00:17:50,160 wire nut, properly sized wirenut. Again, wire nut is a 315 00:17:50,200 --> 00:17:53,279 trademark from Ideal, so I'm using it for educational purposes. 316 00:17:54,359 --> 00:17:58,880 And they come together. And then the question is what 317 00:17:59,039 --> 00:18:02,880 about the jump Okay, the equipment bonding jumper that's going 318 00:18:02,960 --> 00:18:04,960 to go from that splice over to each one of 319 00:18:05,000 --> 00:18:08,960 those devices. Okay, I'm just kind of whether it switches 320 00:18:09,160 --> 00:18:11,680 doesn't matter. I'm saying, if I'm going to have an 321 00:18:11,720 --> 00:18:15,960 equipment bonding jumper, what size do I have? Well, when 322 00:18:16,119 --> 00:18:20,480 the fourteen gauge terminates onto a device that's say it's 323 00:18:20,480 --> 00:18:25,000 fifteen AM device, then the bond equipment bonding jumper that's 324 00:18:25,039 --> 00:18:28,039 going to go from that splice that contains both the 325 00:18:28,079 --> 00:18:30,200 fourteens and twelve bears. Let's say, if it's not a 326 00:18:30,279 --> 00:18:33,519 metallic sheets cable NM or ROMEAX if you like trade slang, 327 00:18:34,680 --> 00:18:37,079 that's going to jump over to the device. You're going 328 00:18:37,160 --> 00:18:40,240 to size that equipment bonding jumper based on the size 329 00:18:40,279 --> 00:18:44,319 of the conductors for the circuit that terminates on that device. 330 00:18:45,920 --> 00:18:48,759 So there's a misnomer that people think that because I 331 00:18:48,839 --> 00:18:51,359 bring the fourteens and twelve under one common wire nut 332 00:18:51,440 --> 00:18:53,480 that now when I jump over to each device, that 333 00:18:53,559 --> 00:18:55,519 it's got to be the maximum size and it's got 334 00:18:55,559 --> 00:18:58,759 to be twelve gauge. That is not true. To the 335 00:18:58,799 --> 00:19:03,039 device that the fourteen gage conductors terminate onto, that equipment 336 00:19:03,119 --> 00:19:06,039 bonding jumper only needs to be fourteen gauge. That's it. 337 00:19:07,119 --> 00:19:09,720 For the jumper that goes over to the device that 338 00:19:09,759 --> 00:19:12,759 you're going to terminate the twelve gauges. On two, that 339 00:19:12,839 --> 00:19:15,880 equipment bonding jumper is going to be twelve gauge, so 340 00:19:15,960 --> 00:19:20,920 you keep the consistency of the circuit that is supplying 341 00:19:20,960 --> 00:19:23,319 those devices. You get with me, get what I'm saying, 342 00:19:24,039 --> 00:19:27,079 So it doesn't matter that they're all ring brought to 343 00:19:27,160 --> 00:19:31,400 the same splice point. That's fine, but it's basically a 344 00:19:31,440 --> 00:19:33,920 continuation of that circuit. If you were to have run 345 00:19:33,960 --> 00:19:36,359 at fourteen and you didn't have splices, and all that 346 00:19:36,440 --> 00:19:39,319 was in that box was the fourteen, then typically that's 347 00:19:39,359 --> 00:19:41,200 what you're gonna use as the equipment ground. You're gonna 348 00:19:41,200 --> 00:19:43,079 put it on the green terminal on the device and 349 00:19:43,400 --> 00:19:48,160 be done with it. Right. No different here, there's no difference. 350 00:19:48,640 --> 00:19:51,559 It's just we're taking advantage of bringing all of the 351 00:19:51,599 --> 00:19:55,880 equipment grounds in the circuits together. Those that are spliced 352 00:19:55,960 --> 00:19:59,240 or terminated within this box, we bring them all together 353 00:20:00,240 --> 00:20:03,400 one splicing device. It's in compliance with two fifty eight, 354 00:20:03,880 --> 00:20:07,200 and it's probably gonna be a wire nut, you get 355 00:20:07,200 --> 00:20:11,559 what I'm saying. So there's a misnomer still out there 356 00:20:12,079 --> 00:20:16,039 that you keep the fourteen equipment grounds separates the inn 357 00:20:16,160 --> 00:20:21,480 the twelve equipment grounds. That's not true. Bring them all together, okay, 358 00:20:22,960 --> 00:20:26,519 all right, So the next one is B and the 359 00:20:26,599 --> 00:20:32,160 B is equipment grounding conductor continuity. So this is extremely 360 00:20:32,160 --> 00:20:35,720 important because this is making sure that however you make 361 00:20:35,759 --> 00:20:40,319 your terminations, however you make your splicing, okay, you need 362 00:20:40,400 --> 00:20:43,279 to make it in a way that the equipment ground 363 00:20:43,279 --> 00:20:48,039 and conductor's continuity is not broken. So what does it say. 364 00:20:48,240 --> 00:20:54,039 It says the arrangement of grounding connections shall be such 365 00:20:54,920 --> 00:20:59,400 that the disconnection or the removal of illumin air receptacle 366 00:20:59,599 --> 00:21:04,880 or other device fed from the box does not interrupt 367 00:21:05,079 --> 00:21:10,079 the electrical continuity of the equipment ground and conductors providing 368 00:21:10,119 --> 00:21:14,640 an effective ground fault current path. Okay, so you have 369 00:21:14,720 --> 00:21:18,119 to I mean, so this is going to encourage splicing. 370 00:21:18,640 --> 00:21:20,720 This is going to encourage so that if I remove 371 00:21:20,759 --> 00:21:25,559 one device, it's not dependent on the connection to another 372 00:21:25,640 --> 00:21:28,319 device to provide that effective ground fault current path. So 373 00:21:28,400 --> 00:21:32,480 that's a redundancy. It's built into this. So this is 374 00:21:32,519 --> 00:21:37,880 why typically you'll come in and people will bring all 375 00:21:37,920 --> 00:21:40,559 your equipment grounds, bring it to a splice, and then 376 00:21:40,599 --> 00:21:43,640 you'll have equipment bonding jumpers go over to these specific 377 00:21:43,680 --> 00:21:47,160 devices so that if you remove a device, it doesn't 378 00:21:47,359 --> 00:21:52,519 mess up the integrity of the entire low impedance effective 379 00:21:52,599 --> 00:21:58,279 ground fault current path. You get what I'm saying. So 380 00:21:59,200 --> 00:22:02,640 it's so important to understand is to maintain the continuity. Now, 381 00:22:02,759 --> 00:22:04,960 I think this probably just goes overlooked because most people 382 00:22:04,960 --> 00:22:09,119 that bring equipment grounds into a box will basically just 383 00:22:09,200 --> 00:22:14,160 splice them together and uh, that's it. And put their 384 00:22:14,240 --> 00:22:17,359 equipment bonding jumpers over to the various devices and not 385 00:22:17,440 --> 00:22:21,039 even think about it. But in doing so, you're actually 386 00:22:21,200 --> 00:22:26,880 complying with the requirements of two fifty eight B for 387 00:22:27,000 --> 00:22:31,519 that integrity. The next one is C and this is 388 00:22:31,640 --> 00:22:34,920 directly correlated to metal boxes. And again we're talking about 389 00:22:36,759 --> 00:22:40,240 eight the continuity of the equipment grounder conductors and attachment 390 00:22:40,279 --> 00:22:43,480 to boxes. And then we specifically see this requirement that says, 391 00:22:44,119 --> 00:22:48,920 wait a minute, we're talking about metal boxes and it 392 00:22:49,000 --> 00:22:53,440 says a connection used for no other purpose should be 393 00:22:53,519 --> 00:22:57,359 made between the metal box and the equipment ground a conductor. 394 00:22:57,400 --> 00:23:00,559 Now what does that mean. Well, I'm sure y'all seeing 395 00:23:00,599 --> 00:23:03,519 the little screws that go into the box. Okay, they're 396 00:23:03,559 --> 00:23:06,440 pre threaded. They're meeting the requirements of two fifty dot eight. 397 00:23:06,599 --> 00:23:10,440 They're probably machine screws. They have two full thread contacts. 398 00:23:10,720 --> 00:23:13,240 They don't necessarily have to be green. They can be, 399 00:23:13,319 --> 00:23:15,319 but they don't. They're not required to be green in 400 00:23:15,319 --> 00:23:17,680 the box. Okay, that's not the same as a main 401 00:23:17,720 --> 00:23:19,480 bombing jumper in a panel which has to have a 402 00:23:19,519 --> 00:23:22,319 green finish. This is not requiring it to be green. 403 00:23:23,240 --> 00:23:25,240 But this also does means that you're not going to 404 00:23:25,279 --> 00:23:27,799 be using things like sheet metal screws or screws that 405 00:23:27,839 --> 00:23:29,759 are not going to give you two full thread count 406 00:23:30,119 --> 00:23:32,799 or a termination that may be in compliant with two 407 00:23:32,880 --> 00:23:37,279 fifty dot eight. Now this also means that there are 408 00:23:37,319 --> 00:23:40,640 those little metal clips that you can buy that are 409 00:23:40,680 --> 00:23:44,799 specifically designed for no other purpose but to make a 410 00:23:44,960 --> 00:23:48,400 mating connection between the metal box and the equipment ground conductor. 411 00:23:48,400 --> 00:23:51,160 You simply slide it in there between the two little forks, 412 00:23:51,480 --> 00:23:53,200 and you push it against the side of the metal box. 413 00:23:53,240 --> 00:23:55,480 You use your screwdriver, you put it in those little 414 00:23:55,599 --> 00:23:58,839 curves I'm trying to do a visual here, and then 415 00:23:58,880 --> 00:24:02,240 you just pound it in and it makes a metal 416 00:24:02,279 --> 00:24:07,680 to copper connection to that equipment ground right there at 417 00:24:07,680 --> 00:24:11,720 the box. Okay, all right, So at the end of 418 00:24:11,759 --> 00:24:14,400 the day, your equipment ground conductor makes direct connection to 419 00:24:14,440 --> 00:24:17,440 the metal box through a connection that is has no 420 00:24:17,559 --> 00:24:21,240 other purpose but to make that connection. Same with the 421 00:24:21,279 --> 00:24:24,240 screw for grounding and bonding in a box that screw 422 00:24:24,279 --> 00:24:28,440 its only connection. Now, why is this important? Because this 423 00:24:28,599 --> 00:24:32,759 is implying that you cannot use other screws in the 424 00:24:32,799 --> 00:24:35,799 box for this function. You can't use a mounting screw God, 425 00:24:35,799 --> 00:24:39,279 I see this all the time. That would not be 426 00:24:39,440 --> 00:24:42,519 for the sole purpose for making the connection between the 427 00:24:42,519 --> 00:24:45,359 metal box and equipment ground. It's convenient for many people, 428 00:24:46,440 --> 00:24:49,920 but it is not permitted. You have to have a 429 00:24:49,960 --> 00:24:52,960 connection in a metal box that's used for no other purpose, 430 00:24:54,440 --> 00:24:59,240 not for mounting, not for securing. Its only purpose is 431 00:24:59,279 --> 00:25:01,640 to make that connec between the metal box and the 432 00:25:01,640 --> 00:25:04,960 equipment ground and conductor. And that that does not apply 433 00:25:05,400 --> 00:25:08,359 to mounting screws or any other screw in there that 434 00:25:08,480 --> 00:25:11,480 is not specifically designated for no other purpose but to 435 00:25:11,480 --> 00:25:17,680 make that connection. Okay, so it's critically important. Also, I 436 00:25:17,720 --> 00:25:20,279 will argue with you that if you have four places 437 00:25:20,279 --> 00:25:22,920 that a box gets supported and you only use three 438 00:25:23,000 --> 00:25:24,839 of them, but the third hole you want to use 439 00:25:24,880 --> 00:25:27,880 for this, I would still reject you because that's a 440 00:25:27,920 --> 00:25:31,559 mounting hole. That is not a hole that's designed specifically 441 00:25:31,599 --> 00:25:34,559 for this connection to the equipment ground a conductor to 442 00:25:34,599 --> 00:25:38,359 that metal box. Okay, your HJ can do whatever they want, 443 00:25:38,359 --> 00:25:42,079 but I say mounting holes are for mounting purposes. Drain 444 00:25:42,119 --> 00:25:46,000 holes are for draining purposes. Okay. There is a specific 445 00:25:46,559 --> 00:25:49,279 method to connect that equipment ground to the metal box, 446 00:25:49,279 --> 00:25:52,640 whether it's one of those ground clips or a pre threaded, 447 00:25:52,759 --> 00:25:58,880 pre provided connection through a pre drilled, pre tapped hole 448 00:25:58,960 --> 00:26:00,799 that you would use a screw, and that would be 449 00:26:00,839 --> 00:26:04,920 where you make your EGC connection. Okay, anything else to 450 00:26:05,000 --> 00:26:07,720 me is not for the sole purpose of that connection. 451 00:26:07,799 --> 00:26:11,720 It's for some other purpose that you're using for your convenience. Okay. 452 00:26:11,839 --> 00:26:15,119 Now it goes on to say the equipment bonding jumper 453 00:26:15,519 --> 00:26:18,839 or equipment grounding conductor, because you could have it not 454 00:26:18,960 --> 00:26:21,440 stop at a splice. You could have it wrap around 455 00:26:21,480 --> 00:26:24,200 a screw and continue onto the device, which would still 456 00:26:24,240 --> 00:26:27,319 be an equipment grounding conductor, or it could go to 457 00:26:27,359 --> 00:26:29,960 a splice, and now you have an equipment bonding jumper 458 00:26:30,000 --> 00:26:32,720 that's jumping from the splice over to the device. Okay, 459 00:26:32,759 --> 00:26:35,880 that's kind of a little lesson of the differences. Now 460 00:26:35,920 --> 00:26:38,720 they're functioning the same, but again it depends on how 461 00:26:38,720 --> 00:26:40,960 it gets from point A to point B. But this 462 00:26:41,079 --> 00:26:43,480 is saying that you know what that equipment bonding jumper 463 00:26:43,599 --> 00:26:46,480 or that equipment ground conductor shall be sized based on 464 00:26:46,480 --> 00:26:51,720 two fifty based on what based on the largest overcurrent 465 00:26:51,799 --> 00:26:58,240 device protecting circuits contained in the box. So for example, 466 00:26:59,039 --> 00:27:03,440 if I have fourteens and twelves in a metal box 467 00:27:03,480 --> 00:27:06,400 for whatever reason, and I bring them together and I 468 00:27:06,440 --> 00:27:09,799 put them under a wire nut. Okay, And now I'm 469 00:27:09,839 --> 00:27:13,400 gonna have any equipment bonding jumper over to the metal box, Okay. 470 00:27:14,200 --> 00:27:17,039 And so because I've got fifteen amp circuits in there 471 00:27:17,640 --> 00:27:21,440 and I've got twenty amp circuits in there, that jumper 472 00:27:22,680 --> 00:27:24,839 over to the metal box to bond that metal box. 473 00:27:24,880 --> 00:27:27,359 Because I have two different sized circuits in there, I 474 00:27:27,440 --> 00:27:29,519 have to go with the worst case scenario, and I 475 00:27:29,519 --> 00:27:31,519 have to go with the one that's being the circuits 476 00:27:31,559 --> 00:27:34,799 being protected by the largest overcurrent protected device. And so 477 00:27:34,839 --> 00:27:36,720 when I go to table two fifty one twenty two, 478 00:27:37,279 --> 00:27:40,880 I'm going to base that one the largest overcurrent conductor 479 00:27:41,039 --> 00:27:44,559 that supplies the circuits in that metal box. So if 480 00:27:44,559 --> 00:27:46,200 i have a twenty and fifteen, then I'm gonna go 481 00:27:46,319 --> 00:27:48,359 be basing it on table two fifty out one to 482 00:27:48,400 --> 00:27:51,680 twenty two based on the twenty amp over current device. 483 00:27:51,920 --> 00:27:56,279 That's what it means. Now, does that mean that from 484 00:27:56,359 --> 00:27:59,039 my where my fourteens and twelve come together in a 485 00:27:59,079 --> 00:28:02,039 wire nut, the jumper from there over to let's say 486 00:28:02,039 --> 00:28:05,160 the metal box, would that be required to be Let's 487 00:28:05,200 --> 00:28:09,920 say in our case, twelve because we had fifteen and twenties. Yes, yes, 488 00:28:10,279 --> 00:28:13,480 but from that splice over to the device that contains 489 00:28:13,559 --> 00:28:16,960 fourteen gauge onto it, that only needs to be fourteen 490 00:28:17,039 --> 00:28:19,559 that equipment binding jumper over to the device. So we're 491 00:28:19,599 --> 00:28:22,920 talking about the box here. We're talking about bonding the box, 492 00:28:23,640 --> 00:28:26,640 not what we run over to the device, because that 493 00:28:26,799 --> 00:28:29,400 can be the same size as whatever the circuit conductors 494 00:28:29,400 --> 00:28:32,279 are that's supplying the device. Okay, whatever the equipment ground 495 00:28:32,279 --> 00:28:34,519 would be size based on that circuit is what we 496 00:28:34,640 --> 00:28:38,000 use for the device. Here, we're talking about the box. 497 00:28:38,240 --> 00:28:42,079 Please do not get them confused. We're simply talking about 498 00:28:42,160 --> 00:28:45,559 I have a metal box, and I have multiple circuits, 499 00:28:46,000 --> 00:28:48,920 all of the equipment grounds come together. What's the size 500 00:28:48,920 --> 00:28:52,079 of the equipment bonding jumper that I might take over 501 00:28:52,119 --> 00:28:55,160 to the box? Well, it's based on the largest overcurrent 502 00:28:55,160 --> 00:29:00,759 device protecting the circuits that are in the box. Makes sense, Okay. 503 00:29:01,000 --> 00:29:03,039 Another question that people say is, well, if I've got 504 00:29:03,079 --> 00:29:05,839 twelves coming in and I got fourteenths coming in, can 505 00:29:05,880 --> 00:29:07,559 I just since I know it has to be twelve 506 00:29:07,640 --> 00:29:10,319 because I've got the two sizes and twelve the twenty 507 00:29:10,359 --> 00:29:13,039 amps greater than the fifteen AMP. So you're saying, I 508 00:29:13,079 --> 00:29:14,880 just want to use the EGC and bring it in 509 00:29:14,920 --> 00:29:18,559 and wrap it around a green screw or silver screw whatever, 510 00:29:18,599 --> 00:29:22,519 as long as it's again specific for its purpose, can 511 00:29:22,559 --> 00:29:25,480 I do that? And the answer is, well, you definitely 512 00:29:25,519 --> 00:29:26,960 want to do it with the twelve. You don't want 513 00:29:26,960 --> 00:29:29,160 to do it with the fourteen because the fourteen wouldn't 514 00:29:29,119 --> 00:29:31,240 meet this requirement to bond that metal box, but the 515 00:29:31,279 --> 00:29:35,839 twelve will, right. And so there is also folks out 516 00:29:35,839 --> 00:29:37,920 there that say, well, you know, you need to have 517 00:29:38,000 --> 00:29:41,079 six inches of free conductor before you even splice it 518 00:29:41,119 --> 00:29:42,720 to the box or connect it to the box. I 519 00:29:42,759 --> 00:29:46,079 disagree with that. Over All, I need to make sure 520 00:29:46,079 --> 00:29:48,039 that I have six inches so if I'm coming in 521 00:29:48,079 --> 00:29:52,799 and I'm wrapping it around that screw and then continuing on, overall, 522 00:29:52,839 --> 00:29:55,279 I need to have six inches of free conductor, and 523 00:29:55,319 --> 00:29:57,079 depending on the size of the box, I may have 524 00:29:57,160 --> 00:30:00,000 to have also extend out three inches so that can 525 00:30:00,119 --> 00:30:03,480 make those splices. But there's a misnomer out there that 526 00:30:03,519 --> 00:30:06,240 the EGC has to be six inches before you even 527 00:30:06,319 --> 00:30:09,240 bond it to the box. That's not the way the 528 00:30:09,240 --> 00:30:12,440 code reads, That's not what it means okay, and that's 529 00:30:12,440 --> 00:30:14,720 a whole different topic. So I'm just saying, if you're 530 00:30:14,720 --> 00:30:17,400 going to bond that metal box and you bring all 531 00:30:17,400 --> 00:30:19,839 of your fourteens and twelves to one wire nut that 532 00:30:20,000 --> 00:30:22,160 jumper that's going to go over to bond the box, 533 00:30:23,200 --> 00:30:26,640 make sure that size based on the largest overcurrent device 534 00:30:27,160 --> 00:30:29,680 that's protecting the circuits that are going to that box. 535 00:30:30,319 --> 00:30:33,039 Get what I'm saying. So you'd use a twelve versus 536 00:30:33,039 --> 00:30:35,519 a fourteen if you had fifteen APP and twenty AMP 537 00:30:35,559 --> 00:30:40,079 circuits both coming into the box. Makes sense, Okay. Next 538 00:30:40,119 --> 00:30:42,519 one in the last one we'll talk about here is 539 00:30:42,680 --> 00:30:46,680 non metallic boxes. Well, obviously you don't bond a non 540 00:30:46,680 --> 00:30:50,559 metallic box. Okay, let's get that. We know that. Okay, 541 00:30:50,640 --> 00:30:53,359 so we're talking about continuity. Okay, So but here's what 542 00:30:53,440 --> 00:30:56,440 happens when you're dealing with a non metallic box. Right, 543 00:30:56,559 --> 00:31:02,079 So it says one or more equipment grounding conductors brought 544 00:31:02,319 --> 00:31:06,519 into a non metallic outlet box shall be arranged to 545 00:31:06,680 --> 00:31:11,559 provide a connection to any fittings or devices in the 546 00:31:11,599 --> 00:31:16,160 box requiring connection to an equipment ground a conductor. Now, 547 00:31:16,440 --> 00:31:21,759 this basically can take place when you bring those conductors 548 00:31:21,759 --> 00:31:25,200 in and you actually have a splice it and then 549 00:31:25,240 --> 00:31:28,200 you have a wirenut there. There's obviously a mechanism there 550 00:31:28,240 --> 00:31:30,119 for you be able to put a bonding jumper over 551 00:31:30,160 --> 00:31:33,440 to it, so that's already there. This has seen a lot. 552 00:31:33,480 --> 00:31:36,480 For example, in the best visual I can give you 553 00:31:37,400 --> 00:31:40,599 is boxes that have an integral bus built into them 554 00:31:40,720 --> 00:31:43,240 in order to be able to make sure that even 555 00:31:43,240 --> 00:31:45,599 though it's a non metallic box, that it does provide 556 00:31:45,640 --> 00:31:48,119 a mechanism or a fitting or a device in order 557 00:31:48,160 --> 00:31:52,440 to be able to ensure this this connections. A good 558 00:31:52,440 --> 00:31:55,039 example of this would be a pool box. Mostly these 559 00:31:55,079 --> 00:31:57,400 pool boxes it's going to use for pool deck boxes 560 00:31:57,440 --> 00:31:59,319 are going to have an integral bus in there or 561 00:31:59,359 --> 00:32:04,440 a brass that is make sure that if you did 562 00:32:04,519 --> 00:32:08,039 bring in PVC raceways, or if you did bring metal 563 00:32:08,119 --> 00:32:11,200 raceways in you had a PVC box, that you're still 564 00:32:11,279 --> 00:32:15,759 gonna have the integrity there. Okay, let's see what any 565 00:32:15,799 --> 00:32:18,039 other example that I can come up. If you have 566 00:32:18,119 --> 00:32:21,000 a anometallic box, Let's say, let's just let's look at 567 00:32:21,000 --> 00:32:23,240 it this way. If I have a metal raceway coming 568 00:32:23,240 --> 00:32:25,720 in and I have a metal raceway going on the 569 00:32:25,720 --> 00:32:29,799 other side, but it's coming and I'm using that raceway 570 00:32:29,839 --> 00:32:34,400 by the way, Okay, I'm using that that raceway as 571 00:32:34,480 --> 00:32:39,160 the integral connection between the two raceways and that is 572 00:32:39,200 --> 00:32:42,599 the equipment ground. But now I'm coming to a metal box. 573 00:32:42,640 --> 00:32:46,319 Obviously that's going to break the effective ground fault current path, right, 574 00:32:46,599 --> 00:32:49,720 that makes sense. So if that's the case, I have 575 00:32:49,799 --> 00:32:52,400 to have provisions in there in order to this. And 576 00:32:52,440 --> 00:32:54,559 I had a great picture on one of my old 577 00:32:54,599 --> 00:32:57,319 blogs on our old website which shows a metal box 578 00:32:57,319 --> 00:33:01,160 and raceways coming into it. Uh And basically there was 579 00:33:01,240 --> 00:33:04,720 provisions there by bonding lock nuts on each side, and 580 00:33:04,839 --> 00:33:08,480 it provided a bonding jumper of the of the proper 581 00:33:08,519 --> 00:33:11,279 size equipment bonding jumper from one side to the other 582 00:33:11,839 --> 00:33:15,119 to maintain the integrity of that raceway system, because that 583 00:33:15,240 --> 00:33:19,559 plastic box was breaking the integrity of that and that's 584 00:33:19,599 --> 00:33:23,079 not a good thing. Okay, So that's what I had. 585 00:33:23,119 --> 00:33:25,799 Now with that said, I got to remind you of 586 00:33:25,799 --> 00:33:29,440 something because that's an example. But again, what about the 587 00:33:29,480 --> 00:33:32,759 requirements in three fourteen dot three for non metallic boxes. 588 00:33:32,920 --> 00:33:37,480 By the way, So if I'm taking a metal raceway system, 589 00:33:37,920 --> 00:33:40,359 and typically you're probably gonna have an equipment ground in 590 00:33:40,400 --> 00:33:43,160 there anyway. Just what I'm saying, that's how most people 591 00:33:43,200 --> 00:33:46,279 design them. But let's say you weren't, and you were 592 00:33:46,359 --> 00:33:50,039 using the raceway and EMT and it qualifies as an 593 00:33:50,079 --> 00:33:52,400 equipment ground and conductor in two fifty one eighteen. Let's 594 00:33:52,400 --> 00:33:55,240 just hypothetically say that, and now you want to use 595 00:33:55,279 --> 00:33:58,880 a non metallic box to break that effective ground fault 596 00:33:58,880 --> 00:34:02,440 current path well three fourteen dot three says non metallic 597 00:34:02,480 --> 00:34:07,720 boxes says non metallic boxes shall be permitted only with 598 00:34:07,920 --> 00:34:13,599 open wiring on insulators, concealednob and two and cabled wiring 599 00:34:13,679 --> 00:34:21,119 methods okay, with entirely non metallic sheathing, flexible cords, and 600 00:34:21,639 --> 00:34:25,199 non metallic raceways. So basically, the general premise here is 601 00:34:25,239 --> 00:34:30,320 that I can't use a non metallic box on a 602 00:34:30,480 --> 00:34:34,760 raceway system that would be metallic. But of course, with everything, 603 00:34:35,800 --> 00:34:39,679 we have an exceptions, and the exception to this says okay. 604 00:34:39,679 --> 00:34:43,119 Exception number one says okay, okay. Look look look at here. 605 00:34:44,079 --> 00:34:49,599 It says, where internal bonding means are provided between all entries, 606 00:34:50,079 --> 00:34:53,280 non metallic boxes shall be permitted to be used with 607 00:34:53,480 --> 00:34:57,280 metal raceways or metal armored cables. So the example I 608 00:34:57,400 --> 00:35:00,800 gave and is that I basically had metal raceways, and 609 00:35:00,800 --> 00:35:05,199 when it came in, the basically the equipment ground and 610 00:35:05,239 --> 00:35:08,360 conductors would come in, and I made sure that it 611 00:35:08,400 --> 00:35:10,760 went through a lay in lug so that it connects 612 00:35:10,760 --> 00:35:14,400 the one raceway through these equipment ground and conductors to 613 00:35:14,599 --> 00:35:17,400 the other side of the non metallic box. Okay, and 614 00:35:17,440 --> 00:35:21,599 they would splice in there unless they're just passing through. 615 00:35:21,719 --> 00:35:24,480 Then I would still have to bring it through because 616 00:35:24,519 --> 00:35:26,880 I need to make sure the integrity of the one 617 00:35:27,039 --> 00:35:30,039 side where the raceway is the equipment ground or could 618 00:35:30,079 --> 00:35:35,119 potentially be the equipment ground with the other side right, 619 00:35:35,320 --> 00:35:37,119 But that's if I had an equipment ground. So I 620 00:35:37,239 --> 00:35:39,239 used in my example, I said, well, what if I'm 621 00:35:39,239 --> 00:35:42,880 putting a plastic box in it's a metal raceway that 622 00:35:43,000 --> 00:35:45,719 does qualify on the one side, and it's leaving the 623 00:35:45,760 --> 00:35:48,199 other side with a metal raceway that does qualify, but 624 00:35:48,280 --> 00:35:52,679 now it's broke because of this this non metallic box. Well, 625 00:35:52,719 --> 00:35:56,960 I have to put something integral in order to maintain 626 00:35:57,159 --> 00:36:00,599 between entries the one side to the other. So the 627 00:36:00,679 --> 00:36:03,559 easiest way to do that was to put a bonding 628 00:36:03,639 --> 00:36:09,840 jumper from one side to the other side. And so 629 00:36:10,000 --> 00:36:12,880 that's how I would provide the bonding jumper. Now there 630 00:36:12,920 --> 00:36:17,320 is an exception number two. It says, where integral bonding 631 00:36:17,440 --> 00:36:22,039 means with provisions for attaching an equipment bonding jumper inside 632 00:36:22,079 --> 00:36:26,559 the box are provided between all threaded entries in a 633 00:36:26,800 --> 00:36:31,320 non metallic box listed for the purpose. Non metallic boxes 634 00:36:31,360 --> 00:36:34,639 shall be permitted to be used with metal raceways or 635 00:36:34,800 --> 00:36:37,599 metal armored cable. So at the end of the day, 636 00:36:38,360 --> 00:36:41,000 you have ways to do it. But here's the skinny. 637 00:36:41,079 --> 00:36:46,199 Here's the simplest concept. If you are using the raceway 638 00:36:47,280 --> 00:36:49,079 and you're coming to a non metallic box, if you 639 00:36:49,119 --> 00:36:52,119 happen to do this, then you have to you have 640 00:36:52,199 --> 00:36:54,400 to remember that you need to maintain the integrity of 641 00:36:54,440 --> 00:36:58,039 that effective ground fault current path. So you're gonna need jumpers. 642 00:36:58,159 --> 00:37:00,960 You're gonna need to effectively connect that one race way 643 00:37:00,960 --> 00:37:04,400 on one side across this non metallic box over to 644 00:37:04,519 --> 00:37:09,079 the other side. Okay, so you know that's pretty much it. 645 00:37:09,239 --> 00:37:12,000 In a nutshell, I think that what we want to 646 00:37:12,840 --> 00:37:17,039 dispill or dismiss or get rid of, or however you 647 00:37:17,079 --> 00:37:20,719 want to say it, the notion that when you come 648 00:37:20,760 --> 00:37:24,480 to a box and you have two different circuits that 649 00:37:24,519 --> 00:37:28,079 you're supposed to keep the equipment grounds separated. That is 650 00:37:28,159 --> 00:37:32,360 not true. They all come together. That was always the intent. 651 00:37:33,599 --> 00:37:36,880 Whether the verbiage got us there, you could always go 652 00:37:36,960 --> 00:37:39,920 back and read the public comments, the code panel statements. 653 00:37:39,960 --> 00:37:42,719 That's what we meant to say, and it just so 654 00:37:42,840 --> 00:37:46,679 happens that twenty twenty three clarified it so that it 655 00:37:47,039 --> 00:37:50,159 means what it says, and there's no ambiguity about it. 656 00:37:50,159 --> 00:37:52,960 It just says all of them, all of them come 657 00:37:53,000 --> 00:37:55,639 together that are spliced or terminated in the box. They 658 00:37:55,719 --> 00:38:02,000 all come together, spliced together. Method of doing so compliant 659 00:38:02,840 --> 00:38:05,800 and that's the requirement. You don't isolate them out now. 660 00:38:05,960 --> 00:38:07,840 Of course, you remember we do have the exception for 661 00:38:07,880 --> 00:38:10,519 the isolated ground and two fifty one forty six D 662 00:38:10,719 --> 00:38:13,920 and where that passes straight through, it doesn't kick connected 663 00:38:13,960 --> 00:38:17,320 to all of those equipment grounds. That's for a reason. Okay, 664 00:38:17,360 --> 00:38:19,280 it's still an equipment ground, a connector. Even though it's 665 00:38:19,320 --> 00:38:22,480 an isolated ground, it's still an equipment ground. That doesn't 666 00:38:22,519 --> 00:38:25,480 alleviate our requirements to use equipment grounds to bond all 667 00:38:25,599 --> 00:38:27,920 non current carrying metal parts and do everything we're supposed 668 00:38:27,920 --> 00:38:31,280 to do. That's a unique application for isolated grounds and 669 00:38:31,320 --> 00:38:34,519 maybe we'll talk about that in an upcoming episode, But 670 00:38:34,599 --> 00:38:37,079 I think the important thing that you take away from 671 00:38:37,119 --> 00:38:40,599 this one in two fifty eight is that if we 672 00:38:40,719 --> 00:38:43,239 have circuits that are spliced and terminated in a box, 673 00:38:43,960 --> 00:38:46,840 all of those equipment grounds have to come together, regardless 674 00:38:46,840 --> 00:38:49,719 if they're fourteen gauge, twelve gauge, or ten gauge. You're 675 00:38:49,760 --> 00:38:51,880 gonna have to choose a proper wiring device to be 676 00:38:51,920 --> 00:38:54,960 able to do that splicing device to fifty dot eight, 677 00:38:55,480 --> 00:38:58,519 properly sized wire nut. Whatever you do, bring them all together, 678 00:38:59,639 --> 00:39:02,480 and then when it branches off to devices, it only 679 00:39:02,519 --> 00:39:05,199 needs to be sized the equipment bonding jumper based on 680 00:39:05,239 --> 00:39:08,000 the size of the circuit and the overcurrent device that 681 00:39:08,119 --> 00:39:12,039 is supplying that circuit. Okay, Now, when you're bringing them 682 00:39:12,079 --> 00:39:14,960 all together and you're bonding a metal box, then you're 683 00:39:14,960 --> 00:39:17,760 gonna do the equipment bonding jumper over to the metal box. 684 00:39:17,800 --> 00:39:20,719 It's going to be based on the largest overcurrent protected 685 00:39:20,800 --> 00:39:24,679 device of every circuit that's supplying that box. Okay, So 686 00:39:24,719 --> 00:39:27,039 in a case of twenty amp versus fifteen AM, we're 687 00:39:27,039 --> 00:39:29,360 gonna be using the twenty AM for that bonding jumper 688 00:39:29,599 --> 00:39:32,960 over to the metal box. Makes sense. And if you're 689 00:39:32,960 --> 00:39:36,880 going to put a plastic box in between metal race ways, 690 00:39:36,920 --> 00:39:39,599 for example, then you have to make sure that you 691 00:39:39,760 --> 00:39:42,679 maintain the integrity of the effective ground fall current path. 692 00:39:43,000 --> 00:39:46,800 But also you get permission to do this in three 693 00:39:46,920 --> 00:39:49,880 fourteen dot three. But it says, look, there's still some 694 00:39:49,920 --> 00:39:52,880 caveats to this. I need some kind of integral connection 695 00:39:53,559 --> 00:39:56,159 or internal connection in the box. It's going to maintain 696 00:39:56,199 --> 00:40:00,119 the tech integrity from point A to point B. And 697 00:40:00,159 --> 00:40:02,840 that's the easiest thing to do is put a bushing 698 00:40:03,039 --> 00:40:05,639 on each side of the metal raceway with a lay 699 00:40:05,679 --> 00:40:09,119 in lug and either do a jumper from point A 700 00:40:09,199 --> 00:40:12,119 to point B. Or if you have an equipment ground 701 00:40:12,199 --> 00:40:14,719 in your raceway and it's still metal but you have 702 00:40:14,719 --> 00:40:17,920 an equipment ground, then you just just run that equipment 703 00:40:17,920 --> 00:40:21,360 ground strip off a little bit of the insulation and 704 00:40:21,440 --> 00:40:22,920 do it through a lay in lug so that you 705 00:40:23,000 --> 00:40:26,320 meet that integrity and you meet the rules for being 706 00:40:26,400 --> 00:40:29,519 able to use a non metallic box on a metal 707 00:40:29,840 --> 00:40:33,679 raceway system. If you choose to do that, you have 708 00:40:33,760 --> 00:40:35,920 rules that you have to follow. Doesn't mean you can't 709 00:40:35,960 --> 00:40:38,239 do it. You just meet the exceptions and you follow 710 00:40:38,239 --> 00:40:40,920 the rules and you're okay with that. Most of the time, 711 00:40:41,239 --> 00:40:43,719 you're probably gonna run in the opposite. You're probably gonna 712 00:40:43,760 --> 00:40:46,599 run in where they put a metal box imposed in 713 00:40:46,679 --> 00:40:51,519 a non metallic raceway system. And then again you need 714 00:40:51,559 --> 00:40:54,519 to remember that if we have splices and terminations in 715 00:40:54,559 --> 00:40:57,039 that box, then we have to bond the metal box. 716 00:40:57,559 --> 00:41:01,880 If we run circuit conductors through that metal box, that 717 00:41:01,960 --> 00:41:04,920 we still and we don't break them or cut them 718 00:41:05,599 --> 00:41:08,960 because it's a metal box, we still have to connect 719 00:41:09,000 --> 00:41:11,320 it to the equipment ground and conductor of those circuits. 720 00:41:11,400 --> 00:41:15,320 That doesn't necessarily mean that you have to break okay, 721 00:41:15,480 --> 00:41:18,199 doesn't mean you have to break the equipment ground. It 722 00:41:18,239 --> 00:41:20,880 may be just as simple of putting a bushing on 723 00:41:20,920 --> 00:41:25,639 the end with a and be able to or make 724 00:41:25,679 --> 00:41:27,800 a connection so it makes it to the metal box, 725 00:41:28,159 --> 00:41:30,199 maybe a lay in lug or something like that, in 726 00:41:30,360 --> 00:41:32,840 order to be able to make sure. And I don't 727 00:41:32,840 --> 00:41:34,440 think a bushings work because that's if it's a non 728 00:41:34,440 --> 00:41:36,760 metallic race we're coming in, then the bushing's pointless, right, 729 00:41:37,159 --> 00:41:39,360 So you're gonna have to do something that connects to 730 00:41:39,400 --> 00:41:42,800 the metal box. And basically maybe a lay in lug 731 00:41:42,920 --> 00:41:44,639 or something like that just drill it and put a 732 00:41:44,679 --> 00:41:47,119 lay in lug, and you just basically strip a little 733 00:41:47,119 --> 00:41:49,440 bit of the equipment ground off the insulation and just 734 00:41:49,519 --> 00:41:50,840 lay it through the lay and lug, and now it's 735 00:41:50,840 --> 00:41:53,840 gonna bond the metal box. It doesn't mean I cut it, 736 00:41:53,840 --> 00:41:57,400 doesn't mean I broke it. I'm just meeting the requirements 737 00:41:57,440 --> 00:42:00,840 because I have this floating metal box and it still 738 00:42:00,880 --> 00:42:04,800 needs to be bonded because it has conductors in it 739 00:42:04,880 --> 00:42:07,440 that will likely to energize it. So I have to 740 00:42:07,480 --> 00:42:12,320 follow the performance requirements of two forty excuse me to 741 00:42:12,480 --> 00:42:16,199 fifty four? Okay, does that make sense? All right, folks? 742 00:42:16,400 --> 00:42:18,440 Until next time, I hope you got something out of 743 00:42:18,480 --> 00:42:21,920 this episode of the Bonding Ground podcast. Make sure you subscribe, 744 00:42:21,960 --> 00:42:23,840 let other people know about it, and you've got any questions. 745 00:42:23,920 --> 00:42:27,519 You can also go to Paul Abernathy dot com and 746 00:42:27,559 --> 00:42:30,360 submit your questions. If there's something you don't understand or 747 00:42:30,400 --> 00:42:33,079 I wasn't clear to you, just put what episode it is, 748 00:42:33,159 --> 00:42:35,119 give us a brief summary of what it's talking about. 749 00:42:35,199 --> 00:42:38,119 Don't make us go back and listen to the episode again, folks, 750 00:42:38,280 --> 00:42:40,039 because I'm not gonna do it. You just won't get 751 00:42:40,079 --> 00:42:44,320 your question answered. Ask your question viva descriptive. Let us 752 00:42:44,360 --> 00:42:47,199 know what it is and to the point where I 753 00:42:47,199 --> 00:42:49,559 don't have to go re listen to something, and then 754 00:42:49,599 --> 00:42:52,280 I will answer that question for you and you may 755 00:42:52,320 --> 00:42:55,360 make it on an upcoming podcast. All right, all right, folks, 756 00:42:55,440 --> 00:42:57,719 till next time, say safe, God bless. We'll catch you 757 00:42:57,760 --> 00:42:59,880 on another episode of the Bonding Ground podcast. 758 00:43:02,119 --> 00:43:06,079 Speaker 1: Thanks for listening to the Bond and Ground podcast, The 759 00:43:06,199 --> 00:43:09,960 podcasts where grounding and bonding aren't just topics, they're the 760 00:43:10,000 --> 00:43:15,639 foundation of electrical safety. Hosted by CMP five member Paul Abernethy, 761 00:43:16,199 --> 00:43:19,559 this show breaks down the National Electrical Code with a 762 00:43:19,599 --> 00:43:22,960 focus on Article two fifty like no one else can. 763 00:43:23,760 --> 00:43:27,280 Whether you're a season electrician or just decoding the code, 764 00:43:27,440 --> 00:43:32,760 you're in the right place. No resistance, just grounded knowledge. 765 00:43:33,000 --> 00:43:37,599 Thanks for listening to the Bond and Ground podcast. Stay bonded, 766 00:43:38,360 --> 00:43:43,239 stay grounded, and as always, trust the real code professionals, 767 00:43:43,639 --> 00:43:45,079 not social influencers.