Speaker 1: Welcome. This is Marsha for RADIOI and today I will
Speaker 1: be reading National Geographic Magazine dated December twenty twenty four.
Speaker 1: As a reminder, RADIOIE is a reading service intended for
Speaker 1: people who are blind or have other disabilities that make
Speaker 1: it difficult to read printed material. Please join me now
Speaker 1: for the first article titled an Imperiled Haven Seewa Oasis, Egypt.
Speaker 1: In Egypt's vast desert, Seewa Oasis supports a town of
Speaker 1: thirty five thousand people. It also attracts tourists who come
Speaker 1: for camel rides, sandboarding, ancient ruins, and salty lakes. But
Speaker 1: these bodies of water are a sign of trouble in paradise.
Speaker 1: Before the nineteen eighties, Sewa's only source of water was
Speaker 1: two hundred natural flowing springs. To expand agriculture in the region,
Speaker 1: farmers drilled thousands of wells to access groundwater in the
Speaker 1: aquifers below. The wells supplied more water for irrigation, but
Speaker 1: without a well planned drainage system in place, excess water
Speaker 1: produced salty drainage lakes and caused water logging and salinization
Speaker 1: of the soil. Ironically, too much water in this desert
Speaker 1: attraction is leading to the deterioration of agriculture, killing cash
Speaker 1: crops like date palms, which are crucial to creating the
Speaker 1: humid microclimate of the oasis. Siwa is not alone. More
Speaker 1: than thirty three million acres of oases around the globe
Speaker 1: degraded into deserts from nineteen ninety five to twenty twenty.
Speaker 1: Next new hope for rhinos nan Yuki, Kenya. Only two
Speaker 1: Northern white rhinoceroses remain on the planet, both females protected
Speaker 1: by armed guards around the clock at Old Pajita con
Speaker 1: Conservancy in Kenya. The subspecies of white rhino has been
Speaker 1: hunted to functional extinction for its horn, coveted for carvings
Speaker 1: and unproven medical uses, but a solution had emerged. In January,
Speaker 1: scientists from an international project called bio Rescue announced that
Speaker 1: they had for the first time, achieved a pregnancy after
Speaker 1: using in vitro fertilization fertilization IVF to transfer a Southern
Speaker 1: white rhino embryo into a Southern white rhino surrogate. Southern
Speaker 1: white rhinos, once near extinction themselves, are now the most
Speaker 1: popular species of rhino thanks to over a century of
Speaker 1: conservation efforts. The success was bittersweet. Before scientists could confirm
Speaker 1: the pregnancy, the surrogate mother died from an unrelated bacterial infection.
Speaker 1: A necro necropsy revealed that she was pregnant. While the
Speaker 1: moment was heartbreaking, Ami Vitelli says it proved that IVF
Speaker 1: is viable in rhinos. The bio Rescue Team plans to
Speaker 1: transfer a Northern white rhino embryo into a Southern white
Speaker 1: rhino surrogate in early twenty twenty five. The procedure may
Speaker 1: save other rhinos. Three of the five species are critically endangered.
Speaker 1: For Vitale, whose work documenting steps to save these rhinos
Speaker 1: over the past fifteen years will be included in a
Speaker 1: forthcoming national geographic film, the fetus is a symbol of
Speaker 1: the group's determination. The thing that drives this team is
Speaker 1: their optimism, she says. They just are not giving up. Next,
Speaker 1: tracking the elusive black tiger Odisha State, India, The Similipal
Speaker 1: Tiger Reserve covers more than a thousand square miles in
Speaker 1: eastern India and is home to the world's only wild
Speaker 1: population of pseudo melanistic tigers, also called black tigers for
Speaker 1: their extra wide stripes. The unique colour pattern results from
Speaker 1: a genetic mutation found solely in the Similipal population. About
Speaker 1: half of the twenty seven tigers living here are black.
Speaker 1: Similipol tigers are skittish and shy. Even longtime residents of
Speaker 1: the villages within the reserve told Pressinjeet yadd Yadev they
Speaker 1: had never seen one. To photograph the tigers, Yadev set
Speaker 1: up camera traps with infrared triggers on twenty four trails,
Speaker 1: three of which ultimately saw regular tiger activity. However, the
Speaker 1: tigers often seemed to sense a change on the path
Speaker 1: and headed off trail out of the camera's range. Even
Speaker 1: if my camera was camouflaged, he explains, they'd say, this
Speaker 1: is something new, I want to avoid it. Other wildlife
Speaker 1: like monkeys and elephants, played with and broke his cameras.
Speaker 1: Yadov kept fourteen to sixteen hour days managing his equipment
Speaker 1: and improving his techniques to avoid detection. He eventually got
Speaker 1: this image of a young female tiger, one of just
Speaker 1: a few photos captured of the black tigers over sixty
Speaker 1: days inside the reserve. Next Dangerous Crossroads Siloama Zombia Jasper
Speaker 1: Doze was documenting an international effort to protect transporter wildlife
Speaker 1: corridors when he heard that an elephant had been killed
Speaker 1: the night before by a car on the M ten
Speaker 1: Highway outside of Tioma Niguezi National Park. A passenger the
Speaker 1: vehicle also died. Elephants must cross the M ten to
Speaker 1: reach the Zambezi River, their only water source during hot,
Speaker 1: dry months. Human animal interactions are increasing as roads, villages,
Speaker 1: and farms encroach upon habitat for elephants and other wildlife.
Speaker 1: In addition, climate change raises temperatures and altars rainfall patterns,
Speaker 1: forcing animals and humans into more frequent competition for resources
Speaker 1: like water. In the past, locals saw only the occasional elephant,
Speaker 1: But now, they told Dost, the animals raided their crops
Speaker 1: and leave paths of destruction as they moved through villages
Speaker 1: in larger numbers. You could feel the tension. Dost says
Speaker 1: of the conflicts at the exodents seen bystanders gathered and
Speaker 1: buses arrived with school children. Despite their generally adversarial relationship
Speaker 1: with elephants, many villagers had not seen one up close.
Speaker 1: People approached to touch the animal and stroke his trunk
Speaker 1: in Awe. Conservation measures like the wildlife corridors that Dosts
Speaker 1: had been photographing, address the needs of both animals and
Speaker 1: humans for water and land resources, and are ever more important.
Speaker 1: It's about creating the infrastructure for coexistence, he says. Next,
Speaker 1: will travelers find a lost incast city by Lucian Chalvain
Speaker 1: High in the Peruvian clouds. The hard to reach ruins
Speaker 1: of Chaqua karl are spared the crowds that flock to
Speaker 1: Machipichu that could soon change. Lamas seem to graze everywhere
Speaker 1: in Peru's mountains, but none are quite as memorable as
Speaker 1: the herd at chau Qua Quarol. Fashioned that of white
Speaker 1: rocks and embedded in gray schist walls, two dozen beguiling
Speaker 1: lamas have stood fixed in stone for centuries. There is
Speaker 1: nothing else like this in the Andes, says Gorri Tumi Echivaria,
Speaker 1: who specializes in prehistoric rock art and has worked at
Speaker 1: the sprawling Pre Columbian Archaeological Complex since two thousand five,
Speaker 1: a year after the lamas were discovered. It was an
Speaker 1: artistic innovation that occurred prior to the sixteenth century and
Speaker 1: was never repeated in the andes of southern Peru. Cha
Speaker 1: Quako is a cousin to the more frequently visited Machupicho,
Speaker 1: just twenty seven miles northeast. The complex of structures was
Speaker 1: created by Inca architects. It includes ceremonial halls, chambers that
Speaker 1: once held mummified remains, intricate farming terraces, and hundreds of
Speaker 1: buildings where Inca communities worked and lived. But the star
Speaker 1: attraction for travelers and archaeologists is the lamas in a
Speaker 1: perpetual procession toward the ruins central plaza where they're live,
Speaker 1: where their live relatives may have been sacrificed. The route
Speaker 1: to the ten thousand foot high Choquacarol is not for
Speaker 1: the faint hearted. Visitors typically fly inland from Lima to Pusco,
Speaker 1: and the site is accessible only by foot, human or mule.
Speaker 1: It takes most hikers two to three days to trek
Speaker 1: there and back along a thirty nine mile trail that
Speaker 1: often hugs the cliff side as the Apurimac River rages below.
Speaker 1: The trail is strewn with rocks and lined with thorny branches,
Speaker 1: but every stubbed toe and scratched arm is worth the
Speaker 1: views of the snow dusted andes and enigmatic structures encountered
Speaker 1: along the way. A much debated cable car project could
Speaker 1: change the journey considerably by ferrying visitors to the base
Speaker 1: of the ruins. Proponents say the tourism revenue would be
Speaker 1: a boon to the region. Our opponents argue that the
Speaker 1: cable car could cause the entire complex to collapse. For now,
Speaker 1: the site's remoteness and the difficulty reaching its ruins help
Speaker 1: retain its magical mythical quality. But Chaquacaro, translated as Cradle
Speaker 1: of Gold in Quetcha All, wasn't always off the beaten
Speaker 1: path in the pre Columbian age. When the place thrived,
Speaker 1: it sat along a route people traversed as they moved
Speaker 1: between Andean peaks and jungle lowlands. The heart of Chaququaro,
Speaker 1: with an open plaza containing ceremonial fountains and a building
Speaker 1: filled with rooms that were used for rituals and niches
Speaker 1: for mummified remains, is smaller than what travelers experience that Machupichu,
Speaker 1: with the complex itself is much larger. As trekkers approach
Speaker 1: the ruins, the first things they see are terraces step
Speaker 1: like platforms that turn hillsides into arable land, still used
Speaker 1: by farmers in the Peruvian highlands. Chaquacoro has miles and
Speaker 1: miles of terraces, many of them covered by vegetation. They
Speaker 1: stretched from the top of the ruins nearly a mile
Speaker 1: down toward the Apurimac River. Kovaroubias, whose family has lived
Speaker 1: in the nearby community of Marampata for more than a century,
Speaker 1: says her ancestors used the terraces for planting and pasturing
Speaker 1: livestock until the nineteen eighties. Clearing the terraces of vegetation
Speaker 1: led archaeologists to the stone lamas. Their white bodies stand
Speaker 1: in stark contrast to the gray walls, suggesting depth and dimension.
Speaker 1: They reflect these sunlight when the rays hit them each afternoon.
Speaker 1: Chokokwaro's size and remoteness mean that much of the site
Speaker 1: has never been excavated. Nelson Sierra, who operates a high
Speaker 1: mountain trekking company Ritisuyo, points to vine covered elevations rising
Speaker 1: beyond the central clearing. They are not small hills, but
Speaker 1: collapsed structures reclaimed by dense vegetation. So much work is
Speaker 1: still needed here, but restoring it all would be a
Speaker 1: massive job, he says. In theory, the proposed tramway could
Speaker 1: spur restoration work and boost the region's economy, but the
Speaker 1: idea of increasing tourism is a pressing issue that cuts
Speaker 1: both ways in this part of the Andes. Concerned by
Speaker 1: the influx of visitors to sensitive places, UNESCO has threatened
Speaker 1: in the past to put Machipichu on a danger list.
Speaker 1: A cable car system would bring not only more visitors
Speaker 1: to Choquacaro, but also the sort of infrastructure that might
Speaker 1: damage the fragile area. Some complained that mass access to
Speaker 1: the sacred site could spoil its rarefied, undiscovered appeal and
Speaker 1: harm the grass roots tourism outfits that now bring people there. Melchorapuga,
Speaker 1: who offers lodging and runs a restaurant in Chiquisca on
Speaker 1: the Apouramak side of the trail, worries the cable car
Speaker 1: would force her and others to abandon their way of life.
Speaker 1: We depend on tourism, Puga says. The cable car would
Speaker 1: be like killing the roots of a tree and thinking
Speaker 1: the tree could live. We would not survive. Samuel kispe
Speaker 1: a summer retired mule driver says the cable car would
Speaker 1: eliminate jobs for people like him and a whole range
Speaker 1: of service providers whose businesses would be bypassed by a
Speaker 1: quick cable car ride. One of his seven children, Jose Luis,
Speaker 1: is also a mule driver, and his family runs a
Speaker 1: small store and campground in Cocamsana along the trail. Many
Speaker 1: of the trekkers who venture to Quacarakayo says something else
Speaker 1: could be lost too. The enticing thing about Cocacraio is
Speaker 1: that it takes time, so there is a commitment to
Speaker 1: do it, says Madison mac donald, twenty six, from Houston.
Speaker 1: Ritisuyos Sierra says that the government should focus on improving
Speaker 1: the existing infrastructure instead of arguing over a cable car.
Speaker 1: Maintenance of the trail and better services would permit a
Speaker 1: greater flow of tourists and ensure local livelihoods. It would
Speaker 1: not be like Machupichu, but the people visiting Chokokuaro are
Speaker 1: not interested in another machu Pichu. Choco Kwaro is the
Speaker 1: perfect companion site. Next. The Navigational Power of Finding Zero
Speaker 1: Degrees by Matthew W. Chwastik for centuries, geographers, astronomers, and
Speaker 1: mariners around the world set their own standards for longitude
Speaker 1: without any agreement on a universal baseline. Here's why it
Speaker 1: looks so long. Took so long to agree out of
Speaker 1: prime meridian. To day, geographers use the time honored system
Speaker 1: of intersecting lines to pinpoint places on the globe. Latitude
Speaker 1: running west to east has always had a convenient origin
Speaker 1: the equator, which divides Earth into northern and southern hemispheres,
Speaker 1: but longitude running north to south to determine what is
Speaker 1: east or west started without any such an easy demarcation.
Speaker 1: Early cartographers chose their own zero line or prime meridian,
Speaker 1: often centered on their capital, and that worked until it didn't.
Speaker 1: The myriad prime meridians led to confusion in maps and
Speaker 1: sea charts, time keeping, and global maritime commerce. At the
Speaker 1: eighteen eighty four International Meridian Conference in Washington, d C.
Speaker 1: Delegates from twenty five countries recommended the world wide adoption
Speaker 1: of the prime meridian running through the Royal Observatory at Granwich, England,
Speaker 1: as the world's baseline for longitude and standardized time, but
Speaker 1: traditions were hard to break. It took four decades for
Speaker 1: the last holdouts, including France and Portugal, to adopt this
Speaker 1: first universal global positioning system. Here's how it evolved. Looking
Speaker 1: to the equator, equator marks the midpoint between Earth's poles.
Speaker 1: All lines of latitude run parallel to it and are
Speaker 1: therefore referred to as parallels. Prime meridians by era of
Speaker 1: main use third century BC, earliest use of latitude and
Speaker 1: longitude to a D sixteen hundred eight sixteen hundred age
Speaker 1: of modern map making until full adoption of Greenwich meridian
Speaker 1: in nineteen fourteen, solving the space and time confusion. Before
Speaker 1: a single shared prime meridian was su selected, other lines
Speaker 1: were chosen for cartographic convenience, cultural tradition, or natural pride.
Speaker 1: After the Greenwich prime meridian was adopted, it became the
Speaker 1: basis for standardized time, recognizing different origins. A meridian, from
Speaker 1: the Latin word meaning noon, is a line that indicates
Speaker 1: where the sun is directly overhead at midday, anchoring the
Speaker 1: hemispheres the equator in all meridians are called great circles
Speaker 1: because the plane of their lines passes through the center
Speaker 1: of the planet, dividing it into equal hemispheres. Rethinking ancient standards,
Speaker 1: Greek geographers often used Faroh, one of the Canary Islands,
Speaker 1: the western limit of their known world. Exploration then expanded
Speaker 1: horizons deliferation of primes. Nearly forty other prime meridians were
Speaker 1: used before the universal adoption of the Greenwich line. Continuing
Speaker 1: to improve accuracy, global positioning systems now measure latitude, longitude,
Speaker 1: and also height with sea level as zero to plot
Speaker 1: locations more precisely. This computational process accounts for other factors
Speaker 1: such as gravity and irregularities in Earth's shape to be
Speaker 1: even more exact. Next, what I found searching for My
Speaker 1: Family Story by Jordan Salama. Documents and genealogies are helpful,
Speaker 1: but perstile memories are invaluable. The binders stared back at me,
Speaker 1: yellowing papers and black and white photographs, spilled out its sides,
Speaker 1: and had written Spanish. The label on its spine read
Speaker 1: Historia Antigua Ancient History. I opened it to the first
Speaker 1: page and began to read. I'm not sure what it
Speaker 1: is that I'm about to write, but I've had this
Speaker 1: idea for a number of years now, ever since a
Speaker 1: conversation I had with my father when I turned thirteen
Speaker 1: and had my bar mitzvah. This was clear in my
Speaker 1: grandfather's handwriting, a characteristically Argentine script marked by irregular capitalization.
Speaker 1: Who was Thanksgiving and I was in my grandparents' basement
Speaker 1: in the suburbs outside of New York City. As I
Speaker 1: read on in silence, I could hear my extended family
Speaker 1: ambling about upstairs. Within the first few pages of the binder,
Speaker 1: Abuelo had recounted centuries of our family's history, touching Mesopotamia,
Speaker 1: Medieval Spain, Ottoman and Syria, Latin America, and the United States,
Speaker 1: as if had all been told to him by his father.
Speaker 1: What I held in my hands was an oral history,
Speaker 1: and Abuido was the first to write it down. As
Speaker 1: I gently flipped through the rest, I found diaries, travelogus, letters,
Speaker 1: and news clippings from Abueido's own youth, a treasure trove
Speaker 1: of recollections, remembrance, and research. For several months, I didn't
Speaker 1: tell him when I found in his basement. Instead, I
Speaker 1: would look forward to college breaks and holidays at my
Speaker 1: grand's grandparents house when I could quietly slip away from
Speaker 1: the crowd to go downstairs and read more. One afternoon,
Speaker 1: months after I had first found the binder of Buelo
Speaker 1: came into the kitchen and motioned for me to follow him.
Speaker 1: I want to show you something, he said. He led
Speaker 1: me down to the basement, and as we turned a
Speaker 1: left toward his library, I saw that the Heaththoria on
Speaker 1: Tigwell was already open on the desk. My face flushed.
Speaker 1: You've been looking at my writing, a Buelo said. My
Speaker 1: grandfather always spoke so matter of factully in English, carefully
Speaker 1: choosing his words. Yes I have, I said, a Buido,
Speaker 1: It's very interesting. His face broke into a wide smile.
Speaker 1: He began to laugh as he spoke, and his eyes
Speaker 1: welled up with tears. How much of you read? Not much?
Speaker 1: I lied. We sat down in front of the desk
Speaker 1: of Buelo, thumbed through the binder of past religious documents
Speaker 1: of Kituba or Jewish marriage contract and passed civil documents
Speaker 1: a faded registry from Buenos Aires, and he began to
Speaker 1: tell me the family story from mateon. We mostly read
Speaker 1: the Historia Antigua together so that Abueo could explain the
Speaker 1: parts I didn't understand, names and places, words and phrases
Speaker 1: in Spanish and Arabic and Hebrew. We discussed language identity
Speaker 1: and history. We drew and re drew family trees, and
Speaker 1: reviewed the names and back stories of ancestors as though
Speaker 1: they be coming over at any moment. These conversations drifted
Speaker 1: completely into Spanish. It was easier for Albueto to talk
Speaker 1: about his life, especially his childhood and Buenos Aires, in
Speaker 1: his native language. For me, it lent a sense of
Speaker 1: excitement and even mystery to the conversation, sort of like
Speaker 1: unlocking a new world. As both a grandson and a journalist,
Speaker 1: I tried to ask questions that brought color and nuance
Speaker 1: to these histories. Since the Historia Antigua already covered the basics,
Speaker 1: the what, where, and when of my family's story, at
Speaker 1: least in broad strokes, I could focus on the why
Speaker 1: and the how to paint a portrait of our wandering family.
Speaker 1: Why did my Jewish great grandparents leave Damascus in such
Speaker 1: a hurry at the start of the twentieth century bound
Speaker 1: for Argentina. Why did my great grandfather decide to work
Speaker 1: as a traveling salesman with a horse drawn cart in
Speaker 1: the remote and these mountains? And how did he go
Speaker 1: about his journeys? How did Aboilo and Abuia spend the
Speaker 1: days of their childhood in the working class neighborhoods of
Speaker 1: Buenos Aires. And why did our family end up migrating again,
Speaker 1: this time to the US and across the Americas. Though
Speaker 1: it might be hard to believe that Abueido hadn't shared
Speaker 1: these stories with me before, I wasn't necessarily surprised. Our
Speaker 1: grandfather was never one to launch into a family tale unprompted.
Speaker 1: But then again, I hadn't ever taken the time to ask.
Speaker 1: Whenever I told friends and others about our conversations, this
Speaker 1: last sentiment was repeated back to me. It's amazing that
Speaker 1: you took the time to ask, people said, lamenting that
Speaker 1: they hadn't yet done the same, or didn't think to
Speaker 1: until it was too late. Recently I began leading family
Speaker 1: history workshops and traveling in the country to discuss a
Speaker 1: book I wrote about my search across Argentina for traces
Speaker 1: of Obuido's father, that Syrian Jewish traveling salesmen in the
Speaker 1: Andes Mountains. What I've realized by talking with others is
Speaker 1: that time and inertia remain our biggest barriers to hearing
Speaker 1: our own stories. By the time the guardians of the
Speaker 1: answers are gone, we are more likely to be left
Speaker 1: with heaps of documents to sort through birth certificates, DNA results,
Speaker 1: unlabeled photographs, rather than hours of stories the where and when,
Speaker 1: but not the how and why. For those of us
Speaker 1: still in the lucky position to do so, we must
Speaker 1: ask questions of our parents and grandparents now before it's
Speaker 1: too late. Keep journals, write letters, make lists of sensory details,
Speaker 1: Ask about otherwise ordinary objects around the house that can
Speaker 1: contained clues about the past. Record and transcoscribe kitchen table conversations, or,
Speaker 1: if those conversations aren't happening, naturally organized talk show style
Speaker 1: interviews between older and younger relatives with the rest of
Speaker 1: the family as the audience. If you are of an
Speaker 1: older generation, it is your turn to speak. Think about
Speaker 1: how you can make these stories come alive in your
Speaker 1: own families, and what sorts of tools like a Boido's
Speaker 1: Thick Mysterious Hystoria Antigua you can use to light sparks
Speaker 1: of interest among your young your relatives as well as yourself.
Speaker 1: Family stories are currency for survival. They are embedded within
Speaker 1: the traditions we pick up along the journeys of our lives.
Speaker 1: They are the identities we create in world's foreign and familiar,
Speaker 1: remembered now but forever at risk of being forgotten. A
Speaker 1: while after Abuido and I began discussing the Hystoria Antigua,
Speaker 1: Abueida revealed her own secret collection of stories, short fictions
Speaker 1: inspired by her childhood, which she'd filed away in the
Speaker 1: back of a recipe binder. Now, as a family, we
Speaker 1: often read and discuss those two next. Pretty and Pink
Speaker 1: gone for a century, Wild flamingoes are making it come
Speaker 1: back in the Sunshine State. Florida's avian icon has been
Speaker 1: largely missing since the early nineteen hundreds after hunters targeted
Speaker 1: the native population of flamingoes to satisfy a craze for
Speaker 1: extravagant feathered cats. While one colony was reintroduced in Miami
Speaker 1: in the nineteen thirties and Caribbean storms have occasionally brought
Speaker 1: wild flamigos to parts of the United States, the birds
Speaker 1: hadn't really stuck around until about a hundred accidental tourists
Speaker 1: blown in to Florida by last year's Hurricane Idalia decided
Speaker 1: to do just that. Five of the fresh arrivals had
Speaker 1: tags indicating that they had hailed from Mexico's Yucatan for
Speaker 1: islel decades of conservation efforts there and elsewhere in the
Speaker 1: Caribbean have restored large colonies and boosted the wild population
Speaker 1: of American flamingos from twenty one thousand in the nearly
Speaker 1: nineteen fifties to an estimated two hundred sixty thousand to
Speaker 1: three hundred thirty thousand to day. Now. Coastal restoration, especially
Speaker 1: in the Everglays, combined with cooler temperatures than in the tropics,
Speaker 1: could be enticing the birds back to the edge of
Speaker 1: their historic range, says Jerry Lorenz Audubon, Florida's research director. Meanwhile,
Speaker 1: biologists are searching for signs of a serious, long term commitment.
Speaker 1: Nests by Kelsey Nowakowski. Color code pink pigments from foods
Speaker 1: such as brine, shrimp, and algae are absorbed by body
Speaker 1: fat and deposited in feathers. Social bonds. Individuals have unique
Speaker 1: personalities and often formed cliques with like mannered colony numbers.
Speaker 1: Breeding pairs are monogamous, typically producing one egg a year.
Speaker 1: Filling the bill. Flo Mingos sweep their heads from side
Speaker 1: to side under water using their tongues to pump water
Speaker 1: into their bills, where they trap prey in comb like structures. Legwork.
Speaker 1: What looks like a backward bending knee is actually an
Speaker 1: ankle joint. Knees are hidden by feathers to stay stable
Speaker 1: while resting or sleeping. Flo Mingoes often stand on one
Speaker 1: locked leg. The Forever Home thens in Arizona. The Cause
Speaker 1: are highly social birds that live an average of forty
Speaker 1: to sixty years and often exhibit stressed behavior and captivity.
Speaker 1: This makes them challenging pets, so many end up in
Speaker 1: the Oasis Sanctuary, which provides permanent care for eight hundred parents,
Speaker 1: including the Cause. Deep Knowledge Yogini pri Province Gabon in
Speaker 1: Bongolo Cave, researchers joined by a bat work to create
Speaker 1: a record of past rainfall by analyzing stalagmites calcium carbonate
Speaker 1: formations created by water dripping over thousands of years onto
Speaker 1: the cave floor. The Western African Paleo Climate Project's goal
Speaker 1: is to understand the climate threats to agriculture across the region.
Speaker 1: A century's old love Song, Springfield, Illinois. Periodical chiccadas spend
Speaker 1: thirteen or seventeen years in the ground, emerging only to
Speaker 1: reproduce last May and June for the first time in
Speaker 1: two hundred twenty one years. Brewed XIII thirteen with a
Speaker 1: seventeen year cycle and Brewed XIX with a thirteen year
Speaker 1: cycle emerged simultaneously in the Midwest and Southeastern United States, respectively,
Speaker 1: filling the air with vibrations as they called out to vates.
Speaker 1: Liquid fuel from the sun Junich, Germany made using sunlight,
Speaker 1: water and carbon dioxide. This solar synthetic fluid has the
Speaker 1: potential to replace fossil fuels. It could be used to
Speaker 1: power trucks, ships and planes without retrofitting. In June, Swiss
Speaker 1: company Sindhilion opened the world's first industrial scale plant to
Speaker 1: produce the energy alternative atomic Aftermath Chacha, India. For almost
Speaker 1: a decade, Chinki Shupla has been documenting the impact of
Speaker 1: underground nuclear tests that India conducted in nineteen seventy four
Speaker 1: and nineteen ninety eight. Sisters Shahida Sabira and Kamo Khatan
Speaker 1: were preparing food at home when they felt the blast
Speaker 1: in the nineties. Today, they support their families as daily
Speaker 1: laborers on nearby farms of Muslim faith. They choose to
Speaker 1: cover their faces with their shawls. This concludes readings from
Speaker 1: National Geographic Magazine for today. Your reader has been Marsha.
Speaker 1: If you've enjoyed hearing this content, please give us a
Speaker 1: call at eight five nine four two six three nine zero.
Speaker 1: Thank you for listening, and have a great day.