1 00:00:00,120 --> 00:00:03,759 Speaker 1: Imagine a battlefield that just totally defies the conventional physics 2 00:00:03,799 --> 00:00:07,919 of modern warfare. I mean, picture a nuclear submarine lurking 3 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:11,960 in the absolute darkest, most crushing abyss of the ocean. 4 00:00:11,720 --> 00:00:13,240 Speaker 2: Right way down where there's zero. 5 00:00:13,080 --> 00:00:17,559 Speaker 1: Light exactly and right now. Eventually that vessel has to 6 00:00:17,600 --> 00:00:20,280 surface or at least come, you know, precariously close to 7 00:00:20,320 --> 00:00:23,719 the surface, just to catch a GPS signal and correct 8 00:00:23,760 --> 00:00:24,679 its internal. 9 00:00:24,399 --> 00:00:26,239 Speaker 2: Navigation because it drifts overtime. 10 00:00:26,399 --> 00:00:29,120 Speaker 1: Yeah, and every single time it does that, it becomes vulnerable. 11 00:00:29,600 --> 00:00:33,240 So now imagine that same submarine perfectly navigating those pitch 12 00:00:33,280 --> 00:00:37,079 black waters for months down to the literal millimeter wow, 13 00:00:37,119 --> 00:00:40,359 without ever once needing to look up at a satellite 14 00:00:40,399 --> 00:00:44,920 and picture spacecraft orbiting the Earth pinpointing their exact locations 15 00:00:44,920 --> 00:00:48,560 in the infinite vastness of the cosmos, entirely on their own, 16 00:00:49,119 --> 00:00:52,479 completely independent of any external signals that an enemy could 17 00:00:52,600 --> 00:00:54,960 you know, jam or spoo for destroyed. 18 00:00:55,039 --> 00:00:57,079 Speaker 2: It's a complete game changer, it really is. 19 00:00:57,439 --> 00:01:00,479 Speaker 1: And while you are picturing all of that immense physical hardware, 20 00:01:00,960 --> 00:01:03,920 step into the invisible world for a second. Think about 21 00:01:03,920 --> 00:01:08,599 the digital vault guarding your bank account, your personal health records, 22 00:01:08,959 --> 00:01:11,239 your entire digital identity. 23 00:01:10,840 --> 00:01:14,000 Speaker 2: The stuff that actually keeps our society running honestly right. 24 00:01:14,200 --> 00:01:19,640 Speaker 1: Locked behind a wall of encryption that is fundamentally mathematically unbreakable, 25 00:01:19,840 --> 00:01:23,480 unbreakable by any standard we currently understand. I mean, it 26 00:01:23,560 --> 00:01:25,719 sounds like the plot of a sci fi thriller set 27 00:01:25,799 --> 00:01:29,079 a century from now, but this isn't fiction. This is 28 00:01:29,159 --> 00:01:31,640 the technological reality being built right now. 29 00:01:31,840 --> 00:01:34,239 Speaker 2: We really are standing at the absolute edge of a 30 00:01:34,280 --> 00:01:36,280 paradigm shift here. And we spend a lot of time 31 00:01:36,319 --> 00:01:40,400 talking about software updates and faster processors, but what you 32 00:01:40,480 --> 00:01:44,000 are describing is a fundamental rewrite of how human beings 33 00:01:44,040 --> 00:01:47,000 interact with both the physical and the digital universe. Yeah, 34 00:01:47,000 --> 00:01:51,000 the basic rules of measurement, navigation, secrecy, they're all being 35 00:01:51,040 --> 00:01:53,239 torn down and rebuilt from the atomic level up. 36 00:01:53,439 --> 00:01:57,799 Speaker 1: Welcome to Thrilling Threads. We take a massive stack of sources, articles, 37 00:01:57,879 --> 00:02:02,200 research papers, interviews and extract the essential insights. We are 38 00:02:02,239 --> 00:02:04,480 your guides to the material, cutting through the noise so 39 00:02:04,519 --> 00:02:07,159 you can understand the forces actively shaping our world. 40 00:02:07,319 --> 00:02:12,000 Speaker 2: And for this thread, we are completely unpacking a genuinely stunning, 41 00:02:12,319 --> 00:02:14,719 revealing Fox Business YouTube interview. 42 00:02:14,919 --> 00:02:20,120 Speaker 1: Yeah, it's titled coming Faster than everyone thought before. Ceo 43 00:02:20,360 --> 00:02:24,240 stuns on quantum speed and the focus is Niccolo Demasi. 44 00:02:24,599 --> 00:02:28,479 He's the CEO of a quantum computing company called ion Q, and. 45 00:02:28,400 --> 00:02:31,159 Speaker 2: The claims he is making in this interview about the 46 00:02:31,240 --> 00:02:36,159 immediate real world deployment of quantum technology are while they're staggering. 47 00:02:36,280 --> 00:02:38,560 We are not talking about laboratory theory anymore. 48 00:02:38,639 --> 00:02:40,680 Speaker 1: No, not at all. We are talking about global warfare, 49 00:02:40,919 --> 00:02:44,319 advanced supply chains, and this looming cybersecurity cliff that the 50 00:02:44,319 --> 00:02:47,120 world's largest banks are frankly scrambling to avoid. 51 00:02:47,280 --> 00:02:50,039 Speaker 2: The sheer scale of the operation Debasi describes is what 52 00:02:50,159 --> 00:02:52,960 really demands our attention here. I think the word quantum 53 00:02:53,000 --> 00:02:55,719 suffers from severe semantic saturation. 54 00:02:55,919 --> 00:02:58,240 Speaker 1: Oh absolutely, It's just a buzzword now right. 55 00:02:58,479 --> 00:03:01,159 Speaker 2: We hear it movies in tech mark getting startup pitches. 56 00:03:01,439 --> 00:03:04,639 It usually just serves as a synonym for magic or really. 57 00:03:04,400 --> 00:03:06,879 Speaker 1: Fast quantum fast, Yeah exactly. 58 00:03:07,120 --> 00:03:10,199 Speaker 2: Yeah. But when you look at the specific operational domains 59 00:03:10,280 --> 00:03:13,960 mentioned in this interview, from the absolute crushing depths of 60 00:03:14,000 --> 00:03:17,039 the ocean floor to the highest echelons of space and 61 00:03:17,120 --> 00:03:21,639 straight into the literal vaults of global financial institutions, we 62 00:03:21,719 --> 00:03:25,800 are moving way past buzzwords. We're looking at a permanent 63 00:03:25,879 --> 00:03:27,680 alteration of human capability. 64 00:03:27,840 --> 00:03:30,680 Speaker 1: That is exactly why we are pulling this thread today. 65 00:03:30,759 --> 00:03:33,840 We are going to strip away the complex layers of 66 00:03:33,879 --> 00:03:37,360 this fast paced financial and technological news segment. We want 67 00:03:37,400 --> 00:03:39,439 to explore the mechanics, not just you know, what this 68 00:03:39,479 --> 00:03:41,520 technology supposedly does, but how it. 69 00:03:41,439 --> 00:03:43,120 Speaker 2: Does it, the underlying physics of it all. 70 00:03:43,240 --> 00:03:45,680 Speaker 1: Yeah, and why this invisible race is going to impact 71 00:03:45,719 --> 00:03:48,400 everything from national security to your very own personal data. 72 00:03:48,879 --> 00:03:51,800 So okay, let's unpack this. The physical deployment of this 73 00:03:51,840 --> 00:03:54,680 technology is the logical starting point, right definitely. 74 00:03:54,919 --> 00:03:57,560 Speaker 2: To really comprehend the stakes, we have to move away 75 00:03:57,599 --> 00:04:01,800 from the abstract image of a freeze cold supercomputer sitting 76 00:04:01,800 --> 00:04:04,439 in some pristine, sterile laboratory. 77 00:04:04,159 --> 00:04:06,120 Speaker 1: With the scientists and the white coats and all. 78 00:04:06,039 --> 00:04:09,439 Speaker 2: The wires exactly the giant gold chandeliers. We have to 79 00:04:09,479 --> 00:04:13,439 look at the messy, high stakes war fighting domains where 80 00:04:13,520 --> 00:04:14,960 this hardware is actually going. 81 00:04:15,159 --> 00:04:18,120 Speaker 1: Because Demassie makes a sweeping declaration right out of the gate. 82 00:04:18,519 --> 00:04:21,800 He states that ion Q is the only quantum company 83 00:04:21,839 --> 00:04:24,600 in history to reach a point where they operate in 84 00:04:24,839 --> 00:04:27,199 all war fighting domains. 85 00:04:26,839 --> 00:04:28,000 Speaker 2: All of them, all of them. 86 00:04:28,279 --> 00:04:33,600 Speaker 1: He explicitly lists them from submarines to the heavens, meaning 87 00:04:33,639 --> 00:04:37,040 space up in the air and on the ground. Now, 88 00:04:37,040 --> 00:04:40,319 when I hear that, my immediate reaction is well skepticism 89 00:04:40,360 --> 00:04:41,879 regarding the physical reality of it. 90 00:04:41,920 --> 00:04:43,759 Speaker 2: Sure sounds impossible, right. 91 00:04:43,680 --> 00:04:46,959 Speaker 1: Because we are talking about machines that traditionally require temperatures, 92 00:04:46,959 --> 00:04:49,759 coldered and deep space just to function. How do you 93 00:04:49,800 --> 00:04:52,399 take something that delicate and throw it into the ocean 94 00:04:52,680 --> 00:04:54,079 or strap it to a rocket. 95 00:04:54,399 --> 00:04:57,560 Speaker 2: That is the defining engineering bottleneck of the entire industry. 96 00:04:57,839 --> 00:05:01,040 It's known as the ruggedization problem. Because in a classical 97 00:05:01,160 --> 00:05:06,279 laboratory setup, specifically with superconducting quantum computers, you use those 98 00:05:06,319 --> 00:05:08,800 massive dilution refrigerators you mentioned. 99 00:05:08,480 --> 00:05:10,000 Speaker 1: To keep it near absolute zero. 100 00:05:10,399 --> 00:05:14,839 Speaker 2: Yes, you are isolating quibots, which are the fundamental units 101 00:05:14,879 --> 00:05:19,079 of quantum information, from any environmental noise whatsoever. A slight 102 00:05:19,120 --> 00:05:22,879 temperature change, a stray magnetic field, even like cosmic rays, 103 00:05:23,079 --> 00:05:25,480 can cause the system to lose its quantum. 104 00:05:25,160 --> 00:05:26,839 Speaker 1: State, which is called decoherence. 105 00:05:27,279 --> 00:05:31,040 Speaker 2: Exactly, decoherence and a battlefield is the very definition of 106 00:05:31,160 --> 00:05:35,920 environmental noise. It is pure chaos, explosions, vibrations, extreme heat. 107 00:05:36,199 --> 00:05:40,399 Speaker 1: So if a traditional quantum setup requires absolute zero. What 108 00:05:40,600 --> 00:05:43,199 is Demasi actually putting on a submarine? I mean he 109 00:05:43,240 --> 00:05:46,959 isn't installing a two ton cryogenic chandelier inside a cramped 110 00:05:47,000 --> 00:05:49,160 metal tube diving into the Mariana Trench. 111 00:05:49,240 --> 00:05:52,680 Speaker 2: No, definitely not. He's likely referring to a completely different 112 00:05:52,720 --> 00:05:57,040 approach to quantum technology, specifically trapt ion technology, which is 113 00:05:57,079 --> 00:05:59,120 actually ionq's foundational architecture. 114 00:05:59,199 --> 00:06:01,360 Speaker 1: Okay, how does that differ from the freezing cold ones. 115 00:06:01,439 --> 00:06:04,120 Speaker 2: Well, Instead of superconducting loops that need near absolute zero, 116 00:06:04,439 --> 00:06:08,480 trapped ion systems use electromagnetic fields to suspend individual atoms, 117 00:06:08,720 --> 00:06:12,040 often hit or beium or barium, inside of vacuum chambers 118 00:06:12,079 --> 00:06:15,120 floating there in a vacuum. It's floating, and then you 119 00:06:15,240 --> 00:06:20,120 use highly precise lasers to manipulate the states of those atoms. So, 120 00:06:20,199 --> 00:06:23,199 while the vacuum chamber itself needs to be pristine, the 121 00:06:23,360 --> 00:06:27,600 entire apparatus doesn't necessarily require the massive cryogenic infrastructure of 122 00:06:27,639 --> 00:06:29,040 a superconducting system. 123 00:06:29,240 --> 00:06:31,199 Speaker 1: Ah, So it's more adaptable, right. 124 00:06:31,480 --> 00:06:35,839 Speaker 2: It can theoretically at least be miniaturized and ruggedized to 125 00:06:35,839 --> 00:06:38,720 withstand the vibrations of a jet engine or the immense 126 00:06:38,759 --> 00:06:41,000 pressure changes of a submarine. 127 00:06:40,439 --> 00:06:43,439 Speaker 1: Okay, which brings us to what these miniaturized systems are 128 00:06:43,480 --> 00:06:50,319 actually doing in those environments. Demasi specifically emphasizes quantum sensing capabilities. 129 00:06:51,000 --> 00:06:53,480 He brings this up in the context of submarines needing 130 00:06:53,519 --> 00:06:55,879 to shoot and spacecraft needing to know where they are. 131 00:06:56,040 --> 00:06:57,519 Speaker 2: The sensing aspect is crucial. 132 00:06:57,600 --> 00:07:00,680 Speaker 1: Let's break down the mechanics here. Because classical navigation feels 133 00:07:00,680 --> 00:07:02,439 pretty advanced to most of us. I mean, we all 134 00:07:02,439 --> 00:07:05,720 have GPS in our pockets. Why does a multi billion 135 00:07:05,759 --> 00:07:09,040 dollar submarine or satellite need a quantum sensor to know 136 00:07:09,120 --> 00:07:09,680 its location. 137 00:07:10,120 --> 00:07:13,279 Speaker 2: To understand that quantum leap, you really have to look 138 00:07:13,319 --> 00:07:17,160 at the fatal flaw of classical navigation in hostile environments. 139 00:07:18,079 --> 00:07:21,439 Let's take the submarine. If you are deep underwater, radio 140 00:07:21,480 --> 00:07:25,560 waves from GPS satellites simply do not penetrate the ocean. 141 00:07:25,759 --> 00:07:28,480 Speaker 1: Right water blocks the signal completely exactly. 142 00:07:28,680 --> 00:07:31,160 Speaker 2: You are entirely cut off from the global positioning grid. 143 00:07:32,480 --> 00:07:34,279 So how do you know where you are? You rely 144 00:07:34,439 --> 00:07:36,839 on an inertial navigation system or an i INS. 145 00:07:37,199 --> 00:07:38,000 Speaker 1: How does that work? 146 00:07:38,560 --> 00:07:43,560 Speaker 2: These systems use incredibly precise classical gyroscopes and accelerometers to 147 00:07:43,600 --> 00:07:46,959 measure every tiny movement the submarine makes from its last 148 00:07:47,040 --> 00:07:47,720 known position. 149 00:07:47,800 --> 00:07:50,879 Speaker 1: It's essentially dead reckoning right like, you know where you started, 150 00:07:50,920 --> 00:07:52,839 you know how fast you've been going and in what direction, 151 00:07:52,959 --> 00:07:55,040 so you just do the math to calculate where you 152 00:07:55,120 --> 00:07:56,399 must be right now precisely. 153 00:07:56,480 --> 00:08:00,920 Speaker 2: But classical gyroscopes, even the crazy expensive laser ring gyroscopes 154 00:08:01,000 --> 00:08:04,959 used by the military, rely on macroscopic physical properties, and 155 00:08:05,000 --> 00:08:09,560 physical properties are always subject to friction, to tiny manufacturing imperfections, 156 00:08:09,759 --> 00:08:12,279 to microscopic temperature gradients. 157 00:08:11,839 --> 00:08:14,360 Speaker 1: So it's never one hundred percent perfect. 158 00:08:14,199 --> 00:08:18,959 Speaker 2: Never, and over time these tiny errors compound. This is 159 00:08:18,959 --> 00:08:22,680 called drift. A submarine's navigation system might drift by a 160 00:08:22,720 --> 00:08:24,680 nautical mile over a few weeks. 161 00:08:24,519 --> 00:08:27,000 Speaker 1: A whole mile. That seems like a huge margin of 162 00:08:27,160 --> 00:08:28,759 error if you're trying to target something. 163 00:08:28,879 --> 00:08:31,360 Speaker 2: It is eventually to get an accurate fix on your 164 00:08:31,360 --> 00:08:34,799 location so you can, as the CEO points out, accurately 165 00:08:34,840 --> 00:08:38,720 shoot a ballistic missile. You have to reset your system. 166 00:08:38,399 --> 00:08:41,440 Speaker 1: Which means you have to surface or at least raise 167 00:08:41,480 --> 00:08:44,559 an antenna, catch a satellite ping until your computer okay, 168 00:08:44,600 --> 00:08:45,679 we are exactly here. 169 00:08:45,799 --> 00:08:47,600 Speaker 2: In the moment you break the surface of the ocean, 170 00:08:47,679 --> 00:08:50,639 you are visible. You emit a signal, you become a target. 171 00:08:50,840 --> 00:08:54,480 Speaker 1: Yeah, you expose yourself to satellite imaging, to enemy radar 172 00:08:54,519 --> 00:08:56,480 acoustic detection. It's a huge risk. 173 00:08:56,679 --> 00:09:00,159 Speaker 2: But quantum sensors operate on an entirely different physical paratime. 174 00:09:00,519 --> 00:09:04,039 They do not rely on spinning masses or macroscopic lasers. 175 00:09:04,240 --> 00:09:07,480 They rely on the fundamental unchanging properties of atoms. 176 00:09:07,600 --> 00:09:08,559 Speaker 1: Okay, walp me through that. 177 00:09:08,679 --> 00:09:12,440 Speaker 2: Think of a quantum atomic interferometer. It actually utilizes the 178 00:09:12,480 --> 00:09:15,600 wave like nature of atoms. You cool a cloud of atoms, gown, 179 00:09:15,759 --> 00:09:18,799 put them into a superposition of states, and literally let 180 00:09:18,799 --> 00:09:20,080 them fall through a vacuum chamber. 181 00:09:20,240 --> 00:09:21,399 Speaker 1: Wait, you just drop them. 182 00:09:21,559 --> 00:09:24,559 Speaker 2: You just drop them, and as they fall, they are 183 00:09:24,600 --> 00:09:28,440 incredibly sensitive to the most microscopic variations in the Earth's 184 00:09:28,440 --> 00:09:31,120 gravitational field or its magnetic field. 185 00:09:30,840 --> 00:09:34,200 Speaker 1: Because gravity literally alters the wave interference pattern of the 186 00:09:34,240 --> 00:09:35,000 falling atoms. 187 00:09:35,080 --> 00:09:39,840 Speaker 2: Yes, exactly. And here's the kicker. Because every single atom 188 00:09:40,200 --> 00:09:43,600 of a specific isocope is entirely identical to every other 189 00:09:43,639 --> 00:09:47,039 atom of that isotope in the universe, there are absolutely 190 00:09:47,120 --> 00:09:48,840 no manufacturing imperfections. 191 00:09:48,960 --> 00:09:51,399 Speaker 1: Oh wow, because nature manufactured it right. 192 00:09:51,519 --> 00:09:54,360 Speaker 2: There is no physical friction. A quantum sensor reading the 193 00:09:54,399 --> 00:09:58,879 Earth's gravitational topography can map its exact location down to 194 00:09:58,879 --> 00:10:01,279 the millimeter. Doesn't need to look up at a satellite. 195 00:10:01,360 --> 00:10:03,399 Speaker 1: It doesn't need to emit a no ping at all. 196 00:10:03,759 --> 00:10:06,480 Speaker 2: It just passively reads the fundamental physics of the terrain 197 00:10:06,519 --> 00:10:06,919 around it. 198 00:10:07,120 --> 00:10:10,159 Speaker 1: That drastically changes the metaphor we use to understand this. 199 00:10:10,200 --> 00:10:12,799 I mean think of traditional computing and navigation as a 200 00:10:12,840 --> 00:10:16,039 highly advanced map. Like classical navigation is like trying to 201 00:10:16,080 --> 00:10:18,120 find your way through a dark room with a very 202 00:10:18,159 --> 00:10:21,480 accurate measuring tape. You know, you walk ten feet from 203 00:10:21,519 --> 00:10:23,679 the door, so you guess where the table is. 204 00:10:24,120 --> 00:10:27,919 Speaker 2: But if your tape stretches even a millimeter, eventually you're 205 00:10:27,960 --> 00:10:28,679 going to hit a wall. 206 00:10:28,840 --> 00:10:32,320 Speaker 1: Exactly. Quantum computing, in the context of this interview, sounds 207 00:10:32,399 --> 00:10:35,159 less like a map and more like an omnipresent radar 208 00:10:35,240 --> 00:10:39,480 that just understands the fundamental physics of the terrain. It's 209 00:10:39,519 --> 00:10:41,840 like suddenly turning on the lights in that dark room. 210 00:10:42,240 --> 00:10:44,679 You just know exactly where everything is because you are 211 00:10:44,720 --> 00:10:47,039 reading the fundamental fabric of the room. 212 00:10:47,000 --> 00:10:49,519 Speaker 2: And the beauty of it is. You cannot jam the 213 00:10:49,559 --> 00:10:51,080 Earth's gravitational feel. 214 00:10:51,000 --> 00:10:53,200 Speaker 1: You literally can't spoof gravity, you. 215 00:10:53,120 --> 00:10:56,639 Speaker 2: Cannot jam the magnetic signature of the ocean floor. That 216 00:10:56,799 --> 00:10:59,799 is the true implication of bringing quantum sensing into these 217 00:10:59,799 --> 00:11:03,480 word fighting domains, and the exact same logic applies to 218 00:11:03,519 --> 00:11:07,039 the heavens. So the satellite right spacecraft currently rely on 219 00:11:07,120 --> 00:11:10,840 star trackers, which are literally cameras looking at constellations, or 220 00:11:10,960 --> 00:11:14,519 complex ground based radar to maintain their orbit. If an 221 00:11:14,519 --> 00:11:18,559 adversary uses an anti satellite laser to blind your star tracker, 222 00:11:19,120 --> 00:11:21,120 your satellite is effectively. 223 00:11:20,600 --> 00:11:22,639 Speaker 1: Lost, doesn't know where it's pointing anymore. 224 00:11:22,679 --> 00:11:27,360 Speaker 2: But a quantum enabled satellite maintains perfect atomic precision autonomously. 225 00:11:27,799 --> 00:11:32,600 Speaker 1: Man Demasi ties this profound capability directly into a fascinating phrase. 226 00:11:32,639 --> 00:11:35,879 Early in the interview, he mentions that the company considers 227 00:11:35,919 --> 00:11:38,080 itself positioned to be part of the Golden Dome. The 228 00:11:38,080 --> 00:11:41,879 Golden Dome, he explicitly states, they are a close partner 229 00:11:41,919 --> 00:11:44,399 of the Administration and the Department of War, and that 230 00:11:44,440 --> 00:11:47,240 they are in pole position to help expand our defensive 231 00:11:47,279 --> 00:11:49,559 posture and also offensive. 232 00:11:50,279 --> 00:11:55,320 Speaker 2: The phrase Golden Dome is highly evocative right. It's referencing comprehensive, 233 00:11:55,399 --> 00:11:59,399 impenetrable layers of defense like the iron dome, but scaled up. 234 00:12:00,120 --> 00:12:03,799 But his emphasis on expanding both defensive and offensive postures 235 00:12:04,399 --> 00:12:08,120 is what signals the true shift here. How so well, 236 00:12:08,159 --> 00:12:11,159 integrating quantum technology into the military framework isn't just an 237 00:12:11,200 --> 00:12:14,240 iterative upgrade. It isn't just a faster processor for a 238 00:12:14,279 --> 00:12:16,799 targeting computer. Yeah, it is a total rewrite of the 239 00:12:16,840 --> 00:12:19,480 rules of engagement and the physical limits of stealth. 240 00:12:19,639 --> 00:12:23,120 Speaker 1: Right Because if your adversary submarines are blindly feeling their 241 00:12:23,159 --> 00:12:25,759 way through the dark with measuring tapes, and your submarines 242 00:12:25,799 --> 00:12:31,039 have atomic level omnipresent awareness, the concept of deterrence completely collapses. 243 00:12:31,320 --> 00:12:34,360 Speaker 2: It is a fundamental overmatch you can't fight, which you 244 00:12:34,360 --> 00:12:35,360 can't even comprehend. 245 00:12:36,000 --> 00:12:40,200 Speaker 1: But this theoretical high ground immediately crashes into the very real, 246 00:12:40,759 --> 00:12:44,559 very messy realities of modern conflict discussed in our source material. 247 00:12:45,159 --> 00:12:49,399 The broadcast grounds this heavily in recent global events. 248 00:12:49,519 --> 00:12:52,840 Speaker 2: It does. The anchor, Liz directs the conversation straight into 249 00:12:52,879 --> 00:12:54,279 the immediate headlines. 250 00:12:53,919 --> 00:12:55,919 Speaker 1: And real quick before we dive into the specific part 251 00:12:55,960 --> 00:12:58,080 of the source, I want to state explicitly to you, 252 00:12:58,440 --> 00:13:01,639 the listener, we're looking at this strictly through the lens 253 00:13:01,720 --> 00:13:04,639 of the technology discussed in our source material. We are 254 00:13:04,919 --> 00:13:08,399 impartially reporting the geopolitical events mentioned in the Fox broadcast 255 00:13:08,440 --> 00:13:12,840 to understand the technological catalyst, without taking any political sides 256 00:13:12,960 --> 00:13:14,399 or endorsing any viewpoint. 257 00:13:14,440 --> 00:13:16,960 Speaker 2: Absolutely, we're just looking at the tech. So Liz brings 258 00:13:17,039 --> 00:13:21,919 up the geopolitical tensions involving the US, Israel, Iran, and Jordan. Specifically, 259 00:13:22,159 --> 00:13:24,960 she points to a recent event where Iran destroyed an 260 00:13:25,039 --> 00:13:30,240 incredibly expensive, highly advanced anti missile radar system located in. 261 00:13:30,240 --> 00:13:34,279 Speaker 1: Jordan, and strictly from a technological standpoint, setting aside the 262 00:13:34,360 --> 00:13:37,759 vast geopolitical complexities of that region for a moment, this 263 00:13:37,840 --> 00:13:42,240 incident highlights a fatal structural flaw in classical defense grids. 264 00:13:42,759 --> 00:13:46,279 The anchor asks a really pointed question based on this event, 265 00:13:46,759 --> 00:13:50,639 in the face of a classical, multimillion dollar radar system 266 00:13:50,720 --> 00:13:55,320 being completely overwhelmed and destroyed, what can quantum enabled missile 267 00:13:55,320 --> 00:13:57,360 defense actually do differently? 268 00:13:57,480 --> 00:14:00,960 Speaker 2: It's the multimillion dollar question, how does it fundamentally solve 269 00:14:01,000 --> 00:14:03,480 the problem that got the classical radar blown up in 270 00:14:03,480 --> 00:14:04,080 the first place? 271 00:14:04,240 --> 00:14:07,279 Speaker 1: Right, And Demassi's response is fascinating it is. 272 00:14:07,360 --> 00:14:09,320 Speaker 2: He prefaces it by noting that a lot of their 273 00:14:09,360 --> 00:14:12,240 work in this specific arena is classified, which sets a 274 00:14:12,279 --> 00:14:15,840 distinct tone right away. But then he makes a definitive statement. 275 00:14:16,879 --> 00:14:21,039 The future of the battlefield runs through quantum compute, explicitly 276 00:14:21,080 --> 00:14:23,879 combining it with the quantum sensing capabilities we just unpacked. 277 00:14:23,919 --> 00:14:26,559 Speaker 1: So let's dissect the gap between classical radar and quantum 278 00:14:26,600 --> 00:14:29,759 compute in this scenario, why does a traditional radar system 279 00:14:29,840 --> 00:14:31,960 fail when facing a modern threat? 280 00:14:32,200 --> 00:14:36,080 Speaker 2: A classical radar system operates on a relatively straightforward mechanism. 281 00:14:36,440 --> 00:14:39,360 It emits a burst of radio waves those ways hit 282 00:14:39,399 --> 00:14:42,759 an object in the sky, a plane, a missile, a bird, 283 00:14:42,879 --> 00:14:44,200 and bounce back to a receiver. 284 00:14:44,480 --> 00:14:45,279 Speaker 1: Pretty basic thing. 285 00:14:45,360 --> 00:14:50,360 Speaker 2: In return, exactly A classical computer then calculates the time 286 00:14:50,399 --> 00:14:53,480 it took for the signal to return, determining the distance, speed, 287 00:14:53,480 --> 00:14:57,000 and trajectory of the object. But modern warfare has evolved 288 00:14:57,039 --> 00:15:00,279 specifically to exploit the limitations of that t sequent. 289 00:15:00,240 --> 00:15:03,720 Speaker 1: Processing, right, because an incoming threat isn't just one slow 290 00:15:03,759 --> 00:15:04,879 moving missile anymore. 291 00:15:05,039 --> 00:15:08,679 Speaker 2: No, it's a swarm of hypersonic drones. It's ballistic missiles 292 00:15:08,720 --> 00:15:11,679 deploying dozens of radar reflecting decoys. 293 00:15:11,120 --> 00:15:15,159 Speaker 1: And advanced electronic warfare pods actively blasting the radar receiver 294 00:15:15,279 --> 00:15:17,200 with digital noise just to confuse it. 295 00:15:17,519 --> 00:15:21,279 Speaker 2: Exactly when a drone swarm accompanied by electronic jamming and 296 00:15:21,320 --> 00:15:25,000 physical decoys enters a classical radars field of view, the 297 00:15:25,080 --> 00:15:28,519 system is flooded with millions of conflicting data points. 298 00:15:28,159 --> 00:15:30,360 Speaker 1: And the computer has to look at every single one. 299 00:15:30,559 --> 00:15:34,960 Speaker 2: Yes, the classical computer has to process all those variables sequentially, 300 00:15:35,440 --> 00:15:38,840 has to look at return signal A, calculated it's likelihood 301 00:15:38,840 --> 00:15:41,480 of being a threat based on wind speed, trajectory, and 302 00:15:41,519 --> 00:15:44,720 atmosphere conditions. Then it moves to return signal B. 303 00:15:45,519 --> 00:15:49,240 Speaker 1: Then C, And even with the most advanced supercomputers, this 304 00:15:49,360 --> 00:15:51,360 sequential processing takes time. 305 00:15:51,679 --> 00:15:54,679 Speaker 2: It takes precious time, and if the computer guesses wrong, 306 00:15:55,120 --> 00:15:58,360 or if the sheer volume of data causes a processing bottleneck, 307 00:15:58,799 --> 00:16:02,360 the system fails. The radar system itself becomes the casualty 308 00:16:02,519 --> 00:16:03,440 just gets overwhelmed. 309 00:16:03,679 --> 00:16:07,639 Speaker 1: So how does quantum compute fundamentally change that processing mechanism. 310 00:16:08,000 --> 00:16:10,320 We hear a lot of surface level explanations that a 311 00:16:10,360 --> 00:16:13,879 quantum computer just tries everything at once. That doesn't really 312 00:16:13,919 --> 00:16:16,679 explain the physics of why it's better at tracking a missile. 313 00:16:16,879 --> 00:16:20,320 Speaker 2: The trying everything at once trope is a super common simplification, 314 00:16:20,679 --> 00:16:23,159 but it really misses the actual power of the machine. 315 00:16:23,240 --> 00:16:26,960 Classical computers process information in bits, ones, and zeros. A 316 00:16:27,039 --> 00:16:30,600 switch is either on or off. A quantum computer uses quibbits, 317 00:16:30,840 --> 00:16:32,759 which can exist in a state of superposition. 318 00:16:32,919 --> 00:16:36,080 Speaker 1: The classic analogy is a coin, right like a classical 319 00:16:36,080 --> 00:16:37,960 bit is a coin sitting on a table. Let's either 320 00:16:38,000 --> 00:16:41,360 heads or tails. A quibit is a coin spinning in 321 00:16:41,399 --> 00:16:45,159 the air. While it's spinning, it isn't strictly heads or tails. 322 00:16:45,399 --> 00:16:47,559 It exists as a probability of both. 323 00:16:47,879 --> 00:16:51,240 Speaker 2: That's a really helpful visualization. Yeah, but the real magic 324 00:16:51,320 --> 00:16:55,159 happens when you introduce entanglement and quantum interference. When you 325 00:16:55,240 --> 00:16:59,399 link multiple spinning coins together, their probabilities interact. 326 00:16:59,559 --> 00:17:01,240 Speaker 1: Okay, how does that apply to the radar. 327 00:17:01,440 --> 00:17:04,960 Speaker 2: Let's use an analogy. Classical computing is like trying to 328 00:17:05,000 --> 00:17:08,200 find your way out of a massive, incredibly complex maze 329 00:17:08,519 --> 00:17:12,000 by walking down every single dead end one by one, 330 00:17:12,240 --> 00:17:14,799 drawing a map until you finally find the exit. It 331 00:17:14,839 --> 00:17:17,759 takes an agonizing amount of time. Quantum computing is like 332 00:17:17,799 --> 00:17:21,000 flooding that entire maze with water. The water instantly finds 333 00:17:21,039 --> 00:17:23,680 every path, dead ends and all simultaneously. 334 00:17:23,720 --> 00:17:26,200 Speaker 1: If the water finds every path, how do you know 335 00:17:26,240 --> 00:17:28,079 which one is the exit? Don't you just have a 336 00:17:28,079 --> 00:17:30,640 completely flooded maze? Like, how does it give you an answer? 337 00:17:30,799 --> 00:17:33,640 Speaker 2: This is where quantum interference comes in. It's brilliant through 338 00:17:33,680 --> 00:17:37,400 the algorithms designed for these machines, the wrong paths, the 339 00:17:37,480 --> 00:17:40,920 dead ends are engineered to undergo destructive. 340 00:17:40,359 --> 00:17:43,880 Speaker 1: Interference, meaning they cancel each other out exactly. 341 00:17:43,599 --> 00:17:47,440 Speaker 2: Just like two opposing ripples in a pond, flattening the water. Meanwhile, 342 00:17:47,799 --> 00:17:52,079 the right path, the actual exit, undergoes constructive interference. It 343 00:17:52,160 --> 00:17:55,559 amplifies so when the quantum system collapses into a final answer, 344 00:17:55,839 --> 00:17:58,200 it doesn't give you a million possibilities. It gives you 345 00:17:58,240 --> 00:17:59,960 the singular optimal solution. 346 00:18:00,200 --> 00:18:03,640 Speaker 1: Oh wow, okay. Translating that back to the battlefield, when 347 00:18:03,880 --> 00:18:06,720 a drone swarm and a cloud of decoys are fired 348 00:18:06,759 --> 00:18:10,359 at a base, a quantum enabled defense system isn't guessing 349 00:18:10,480 --> 00:18:14,519 based on sequential processing. It is mapping every single variable, 350 00:18:14,599 --> 00:18:18,920 every atmospheric fluctuation, every decoy signature, every minute variation and 351 00:18:19,000 --> 00:18:22,559 speed into that quantum maze, and the wrong answers, the 352 00:18:22,559 --> 00:18:25,640 decoys they cancel out, and the true trajectory of the 353 00:18:25,680 --> 00:18:29,920 actual threat amplifies instantaneously. It resolves the exact location and 354 00:18:30,039 --> 00:18:32,400 nature of a threat in a fraction of a second. 355 00:18:32,759 --> 00:18:36,359 It just completely bypasses the bottleneck that overwhelms classical radar. 356 00:18:36,720 --> 00:18:40,359 Speaker 2: That capability makes the anchors follow up question highly relevant. 357 00:18:41,160 --> 00:18:44,839 She asks literally what a quantum computer built into a 358 00:18:44,960 --> 00:18:47,480 radar system could do when a drone is shot at 359 00:18:47,480 --> 00:18:50,200 a target, given the millions of possibilities of what it 360 00:18:50,200 --> 00:18:50,599 will hit. 361 00:18:50,880 --> 00:18:54,000 Speaker 1: And Demasi doesn't provide a classified schematic, but he points 362 00:18:54,039 --> 00:18:57,359 to a tangible physical partnership right. He states that ion 363 00:18:57,440 --> 00:19:00,720 Q has announced a partnership with a drone manufacturer called Heaven, 364 00:19:00,960 --> 00:19:02,000 which is huge. 365 00:19:02,359 --> 00:19:06,039 Speaker 2: That specific detail grounds all this theoretical physics into twisted 366 00:19:06,079 --> 00:19:07,359 metal and spinning rotors. 367 00:19:07,599 --> 00:19:09,720 Speaker 1: But I have to push back on the reality of 368 00:19:09,720 --> 00:19:13,240 this timeline. Demasi says, they are working on short, medium, 369 00:19:13,319 --> 00:19:17,599 and long term initiatives. But if ruganization is still such 370 00:19:17,599 --> 00:19:20,119 a massive hurdle like we talked about, if we are 371 00:19:20,160 --> 00:19:23,359 still figuring out how to keep trapped ions perfectly stable 372 00:19:23,400 --> 00:19:26,680 in a vibrating environment, how much of this drone partnership 373 00:19:26,759 --> 00:19:29,039 is actual boots on the ground reality. 374 00:19:29,160 --> 00:19:29,880 Speaker 2: It's a fair question. 375 00:19:30,039 --> 00:19:32,400 Speaker 1: I mean, how much is just a CEO forecasting a 376 00:19:32,480 --> 00:19:35,400 vision for investors? Are they actually putting quantum processors on 377 00:19:35,480 --> 00:19:36,200 drones today? 378 00:19:36,440 --> 00:19:40,119 Speaker 2: It is the absolute necessary question to ask, because there 379 00:19:40,200 --> 00:19:43,240 is a vast valley between a successful proof of concept 380 00:19:43,319 --> 00:19:46,880 in a lab and a deployable military asset. It is 381 00:19:47,000 --> 00:19:50,039 highly unlikely they are putting a fully functioning quantum computer 382 00:19:50,119 --> 00:19:51,279 on a drone today. 383 00:19:51,839 --> 00:19:53,200 Speaker 1: So what are you doing with heaven? 384 00:19:53,559 --> 00:19:57,400 Speaker 2: The partnership likely involves using quantum compute on the ground 385 00:19:57,559 --> 00:20:02,680 to optimize drone swarm behavior, aerodynamic design, or routing, while 386 00:20:02,680 --> 00:20:06,319 simultaneously working on ruggedizing the condom sensors we discussed earlier 387 00:20:06,599 --> 00:20:08,480 to eventually put on the chassis itself. 388 00:20:08,599 --> 00:20:12,000 Speaker 1: Ah, so the drone becomes a node in a quantum 389 00:20:12,000 --> 00:20:15,319 calculated network, even if it isn't curing the quantum processor 390 00:20:15,359 --> 00:20:16,279 itself quite yet. 391 00:20:16,359 --> 00:20:20,920 Speaker 2: Precisely, and Demasi directly addresses the skepticism regarding the timeline. 392 00:20:21,279 --> 00:20:24,039 He states, regarding the changes they're bringing to the battlefield, 393 00:20:24,200 --> 00:20:26,279 that it is coming faster than everyone thought. 394 00:20:26,400 --> 00:20:27,960 Speaker 1: He really emphasizes that. 395 00:20:27,799 --> 00:20:30,960 Speaker 2: He isn't pitching a distant fifty year dream. The public 396 00:20:30,960 --> 00:20:35,559 partnership with the hardware manufacturer implies that integration testing, data linking, 397 00:20:35,599 --> 00:20:38,400 and physical prototyping are actively happening right. 398 00:20:38,319 --> 00:20:42,079 Speaker 1: Now, coming faster than everyone thought. That phrase is both 399 00:20:42,119 --> 00:20:45,799 thrilling and honestly deeply unsettling, depending on where you sit, 400 00:20:46,200 --> 00:20:49,359 and it provides a seamless transition into the broader global 401 00:20:49,359 --> 00:20:52,759 implications discussed in the source material. Because if you have 402 00:20:52,799 --> 00:20:55,880 a machine that can calculate a million chaotic variables to 403 00:20:55,960 --> 00:20:59,519 track hypersonic missile in a fraction of a second, you 404 00:20:59,559 --> 00:21:02,319 can point that exact same computational power at. 405 00:21:02,279 --> 00:21:03,680 Speaker 2: Anything, anything at all. 406 00:21:03,759 --> 00:21:07,039 Speaker 1: We have to shift our perspective from the literal battlefield 407 00:21:07,079 --> 00:21:09,240 to the architecture of the global economy, and. 408 00:21:09,240 --> 00:21:13,440 Speaker 2: The CEO provides the perfect bridge for that transition. He 409 00:21:13,480 --> 00:21:17,480 contextualizes quantum computing within the most dominant technological narrative of 410 00:21:17,519 --> 00:21:19,599 our time, artificial intelligence. 411 00:21:19,640 --> 00:21:21,680 Speaker 1: Everyone's talking about AI, right. 412 00:21:21,920 --> 00:21:25,680 Speaker 2: And he makes a critical observation noting that global adversaries, 413 00:21:25,880 --> 00:21:29,759 and he specifically singles out China, recognize that after AI, 414 00:21:29,960 --> 00:21:32,599 quantum is the next big wave. If we connect this 415 00:21:32,640 --> 00:21:33,359 to the bigger picture. 416 00:21:33,559 --> 00:21:37,599 Speaker 1: Right now, the entire world is utterly fixated on artificial intelligence. 417 00:21:37,880 --> 00:21:41,160 We are watching large language models write code, generate art 418 00:21:41,359 --> 00:21:42,480 diagnose diseases. 419 00:21:42,640 --> 00:21:46,480 Speaker 2: But AI fundamentally is just the software. It is the 420 00:21:46,599 --> 00:21:53,119 architectural brain attempting to find patterns in massive, incomprehensible oceans. 421 00:21:52,759 --> 00:21:55,640 Speaker 1: Of data, and that brain is currently bottlenecked by its 422 00:21:55,680 --> 00:22:00,079 skull classical computers. Even the most massive, energy hungker V 423 00:22:00,200 --> 00:22:04,039 server farms running today's advanced AI eventually hit a hard 424 00:22:04,119 --> 00:22:08,279 physical limit in how fast they can process complex, multi 425 00:22:08,359 --> 00:22:09,359 variable problems. 426 00:22:09,440 --> 00:22:12,319 Speaker 2: The models are getting smarter, but the hardware is reaching 427 00:22:12,319 --> 00:22:14,880 the livids of Moore's law. You can only shrink a 428 00:22:14,960 --> 00:22:18,519 silicon transistor so much before classical physics breaks down and 429 00:22:18,640 --> 00:22:21,200 quantum tunneling causes the chip to just short circuit. 430 00:22:21,440 --> 00:22:24,720 Speaker 1: So, if AI is the software desperately searching for patterns, 431 00:22:24,839 --> 00:22:28,440 quantum computing is the foundational hardware leap it is the 432 00:22:28,480 --> 00:22:33,519 engine giving that software previously impossible processing power. Demasi explicitly 433 00:22:33,599 --> 00:22:35,400 zeros in on this when he talks about using this 434 00:22:35,440 --> 00:22:39,519 power for calculating logistics and analyzing combinations you can forecast. 435 00:22:39,559 --> 00:22:42,960 Speaker 2: Now, calculating logistics sounds incredibly dry, especially right after discussing 436 00:22:42,960 --> 00:22:45,319 atomic submarine sensors and missile defense grids. 437 00:22:45,359 --> 00:22:46,960 Speaker 1: It sounds like a spreadsheet, right. 438 00:22:47,319 --> 00:22:52,799 Speaker 2: But mastering global logistics is the quiet foundation of geopolitical supremacy. 439 00:22:52,960 --> 00:22:55,960 Speaker 1: Let's explore the sheer complexity of that, because it impacts 440 00:22:56,000 --> 00:22:59,359 our daily lives far more than a missile shield. In 441 00:22:59,440 --> 00:23:02,960 computers sci there is a famous concept called the traveling 442 00:23:03,000 --> 00:23:06,880 salesman problem. A classic, it asks a seemingly simple question. 443 00:23:07,720 --> 00:23:10,799 Given a list of cities and the distances between each pair, 444 00:23:11,279 --> 00:23:14,480 what is the shortest possible route that visits each city 445 00:23:14,640 --> 00:23:17,160 exactly once and returns to the origin city. 446 00:23:17,440 --> 00:23:19,240 Speaker 2: It sounds like something you could solve on a napkin 447 00:23:19,319 --> 00:23:19,599 and a. 448 00:23:19,519 --> 00:23:23,880 Speaker 1: Diner exactly, but it is the ultimate test of computational scaling. 449 00:23:24,119 --> 00:23:26,640 If you only have five cities, there are one hundred 450 00:23:26,640 --> 00:23:30,200 and twenty possible routes. A pocket calculator can solve it. 451 00:23:30,519 --> 00:23:33,119 If you have ten cities, there are over three million routes. 452 00:23:33,160 --> 00:23:33,960 Speaker 2: It up fast. 453 00:23:34,119 --> 00:23:36,720 Speaker 1: If you have fifteen cities, the number of possible routes 454 00:23:36,759 --> 00:23:39,839 explodes to over eighty seven billion. If you try to 455 00:23:39,920 --> 00:23:42,799 route a delivery truck to just twenty five specific houses 456 00:23:42,839 --> 00:23:46,160 in a single neighborhood, the number of possible combinations is 457 00:23:46,279 --> 00:23:49,240 larger than the number of atoms in the observable universe. 458 00:23:49,440 --> 00:23:51,160 Speaker 2: Which is just staggering to think about. 459 00:23:51,400 --> 00:23:55,200 Speaker 1: A classical computer simply cannot calculate every path. It relies 460 00:23:55,200 --> 00:23:58,839 on heuristics, shortcuts, and educated guesses to find a good 461 00:23:58,960 --> 00:23:59,960 enough route. 462 00:24:00,200 --> 00:24:02,480 Speaker 2: Now escalate that from a local delivery truck to the 463 00:24:02,599 --> 00:24:06,200 entire global supply chain. Consider the massive disruptions we have 464 00:24:06,240 --> 00:24:09,359 witnessed over the last few years. A container ship gets 465 00:24:09,440 --> 00:24:11,480 wedged sideways in the Suez Canal. 466 00:24:11,640 --> 00:24:12,920 Speaker 1: Oh man, I want to mess that. 467 00:24:13,039 --> 00:24:16,960 Speaker 2: Was Simultaneously, a severe storm system develops in the Atlantic, 468 00:24:17,319 --> 00:24:21,039 fuel prices in Europe's spike due to geopolitical conflict, and 469 00:24:21,119 --> 00:24:24,200 a factory fire in Taiwan halts the production of a 470 00:24:24,279 --> 00:24:27,559 critical microchip component, all happening at once. 471 00:24:27,839 --> 00:24:31,279 Speaker 1: A classical supercomputer running the best AI logistics software in 472 00:24:31,319 --> 00:24:34,480 the world tries to solve this sequentially. It looks at 473 00:24:34,519 --> 00:24:37,319 the canal blockage and calculates a detour around the Cape 474 00:24:37,359 --> 00:24:39,640 of Good Hope. Then it checks the weather data and 475 00:24:39,680 --> 00:24:42,599 realizes the detour intersects with the Atlantic storm, so it 476 00:24:42,640 --> 00:24:44,079 recalculates a slower speed. 477 00:24:44,359 --> 00:24:46,680 Speaker 2: Then it checks the fuel consumption for the new speed 478 00:24:46,880 --> 00:24:48,759 against the spiked European prices. 479 00:24:49,079 --> 00:24:53,759 Speaker 1: Exactly, it performs these sequential calculations millions of times, constantly 480 00:24:53,839 --> 00:24:57,039 hitting dead ends, trying to find the least catastrophic option, 481 00:24:57,400 --> 00:24:59,759 and by the time it outputs a solution, the store 482 00:24:59,799 --> 00:25:02,680 has moved, the prices have changed, and the data is 483 00:25:02,759 --> 00:25:04,039 completely obsolete. 484 00:25:04,279 --> 00:25:07,079 Speaker 2: This is where the true power of quantum logistics emerges. 485 00:25:07,599 --> 00:25:11,000 Returning to our flooded maze analogy, a quantum system doesn't 486 00:25:11,000 --> 00:25:14,680 calculate one shipping route, check the weather, fail, and try another. 487 00:25:15,680 --> 00:25:18,680 By mapping the logistical variables onto quibbits in a state 488 00:25:18,720 --> 00:25:24,279 of superposition, the quantum algorithm essentially explores every possible shipping route, 489 00:25:24,400 --> 00:25:28,440 interwoven with every projected weather pattern, overlaid with every fluctuating 490 00:25:28,480 --> 00:25:31,640 fuel costs, and every inventory level at every global port, 491 00:25:31,880 --> 00:25:32,960 all simultaneously. 492 00:25:33,279 --> 00:25:37,799 Speaker 1: Here's where it gets really interesting. The inefficient, expensive routes 493 00:25:37,839 --> 00:25:42,519 destructively interfere and cancel out the optimal, perfectly balanced route 494 00:25:42,559 --> 00:25:45,960 amplifies and emerges. The sheer awe of that concept is 495 00:25:45,960 --> 00:25:49,440 what makes this technology feel so alien. We are talking 496 00:25:49,519 --> 00:25:53,559 about the exact same mathematical foundation that tracks the microsecond 497 00:25:53,599 --> 00:25:57,599 trajectory of an erratic drone swarm, turning around and perfectly 498 00:25:57,640 --> 00:26:01,400 solving the billion variable puzzle of global trade, it finds 499 00:26:01,400 --> 00:26:05,640 the absolute, mathematically optimal route to get life saving medicine 500 00:26:05,640 --> 00:26:09,160 to a hospital or components to a factory. Factoring in 501 00:26:09,319 --> 00:26:13,119 chaotic weather systems that classical computers can barely predict three 502 00:26:13,160 --> 00:26:13,759 days out. 503 00:26:14,039 --> 00:26:16,960 Speaker 2: When Demasi talks about combinations you can forecast, he is 504 00:26:17,000 --> 00:26:21,559 talking about imposing order on systems so staggeringly complex that 505 00:26:21,640 --> 00:26:24,359 they previously appeared entirely chaotic to human. 506 00:26:24,119 --> 00:26:26,240 Speaker 1: Analysis, like predicting the future. 507 00:26:26,000 --> 00:26:31,440 Speaker 2: Almost economic market fluctuations, global weather pattern modeling, pharmaceutical molecular folding, 508 00:26:31,480 --> 00:26:35,079 supply chain vulnerabilities. Quantum compute promises to turn these unpredictable 509 00:26:35,079 --> 00:26:39,000 systems into solvable equations. That is why adversaries recognized it 510 00:26:39,039 --> 00:26:41,880 as the next big wave. It isn't just about military might. 511 00:26:41,960 --> 00:26:45,079 Whoever controls that forecasting ability controls a high ground of 512 00:26:45,079 --> 00:26:46,039 the global economy. 513 00:26:46,359 --> 00:26:50,000 Speaker 1: But and this is a massive butt, there is a glaring, 514 00:26:50,559 --> 00:26:54,920 terrifying vulnerability hidden inside that exact same capability. If a 515 00:26:55,039 --> 00:26:59,599 quantum computer can instantly calculate a billion logistical routes or 516 00:26:59,680 --> 00:27:03,599 map the chaotic variables of a missile strike, what happens 517 00:27:03,599 --> 00:27:07,599 when you point that exact same unfathomable computational power at 518 00:27:07,599 --> 00:27:09,759 the encryption guarding the global banking system. 519 00:27:10,200 --> 00:27:14,119 Speaker 2: You trigger an immediate existential crisis for the digital architecture 520 00:27:14,160 --> 00:27:17,200 of the modern world. This is the invisible battlefield, the 521 00:27:17,240 --> 00:27:20,559 Mossy points out, and it affects every major corporation, every 522 00:27:20,599 --> 00:27:23,559 government branch, and every single listener's personal data. 523 00:27:23,640 --> 00:27:27,599 Speaker 1: The anchor shifts the conversation entirely to cybersecurity. She notes 524 00:27:27,640 --> 00:27:31,160 that security firms are tracking something like sixty active highly 525 00:27:31,200 --> 00:27:35,720 sophisticated activist groups. She explicitly mentions that major financial figures, 526 00:27:35,799 --> 00:27:39,000 specifically Jamie Diamond, the CEO of JP Morgan Chase, have 527 00:27:39,079 --> 00:27:41,680 been issuing dire public warnings about this threat. 528 00:27:41,960 --> 00:27:43,680 Speaker 2: When the head of the largest bank in the United 529 00:27:43,720 --> 00:27:46,480 States and global intelligence trackers are sounding the exact same 530 00:27:46,519 --> 00:27:50,519 alarm simultaneously, you are looking at a systemic foundational vulnerability. 531 00:27:50,680 --> 00:27:53,440 The threat they are discussing isn't a tritional data breach. 532 00:27:53,720 --> 00:27:55,720 Speaker 1: It's not someone guessing your password. 533 00:27:55,920 --> 00:27:58,279 Speaker 2: No, it isn't phishing an employee to steal a credit 534 00:27:58,279 --> 00:28:01,880 card number. It is the mathematic collapse of trust itself. 535 00:28:02,000 --> 00:28:04,799 Speaker 1: Okay, before we dive into the grim reality of that collapse, 536 00:28:04,839 --> 00:28:08,440 I have to point out a genuinely funny, deeply human 537 00:28:08,559 --> 00:28:09,200 moment in the. 538 00:28:09,160 --> 00:28:10,960 Speaker 2: Source material, Oh, I know what you're going to say. 539 00:28:11,359 --> 00:28:15,160 Speaker 1: While Demasi is intensely explaining their highly advanced solution to 540 00:28:15,200 --> 00:28:19,359 this global crisis, the transcription, or perhaps a momentary flip 541 00:28:19,359 --> 00:28:21,480 of the tongue, has him stating that they are working 542 00:28:21,599 --> 00:28:23,640 on post quantum photography. 543 00:28:23,880 --> 00:28:28,680 Speaker 2: Yes, a rather jarring deviation from the intended technical terminology. Right. 544 00:28:29,240 --> 00:28:31,799 Speaker 1: Just to clarify for anyone following the source text, he 545 00:28:31,960 --> 00:28:36,079 absolutely meant cryptography, not photography, as amazing as a quantum 546 00:28:36,160 --> 00:28:38,759 camera might be. He isn't pitching the banks on taking 547 00:28:38,799 --> 00:28:42,440 incredibly high res atomic pictures of your money. No, he 548 00:28:42,559 --> 00:28:46,240 is talking about the complex mathematics that hides your data cryptography. 549 00:28:46,759 --> 00:28:49,920 But I honestly love moments like that. It grounds a 550 00:28:50,039 --> 00:28:54,720 highly almost uncomfortably technical conversation back into reality. We are 551 00:28:54,759 --> 00:28:58,920 dealing with mind bending, world altering physics, and sometimes the 552 00:28:58,920 --> 00:29:00,920 transcript just spits out photography. 553 00:29:01,200 --> 00:29:03,960 Speaker 2: It serves as a good reminder that behind these staggering 554 00:29:03,960 --> 00:29:09,359 technological leaps our human beings having fast paced, sometimes messy conversations. 555 00:29:10,359 --> 00:29:13,160 But the meat of his point regarding cryptography is the 556 00:29:13,200 --> 00:29:16,960 core of their entire cybersecurity pitch. He introduces a concept 557 00:29:17,000 --> 00:29:19,519 called quantum key distribution or QKD. 558 00:29:19,839 --> 00:29:22,119 Speaker 1: He states that ion Q is partnering with the largest 559 00:29:22,119 --> 00:29:24,480 banks in the world today to implement this, and the 560 00:29:24,559 --> 00:29:27,680 question is why today. To understand the panic, we have 561 00:29:27,720 --> 00:29:30,359 to understand the lock on the door. Right now, almost 562 00:29:30,359 --> 00:29:34,160 all of the world's secure data, your bank transactions, military communications, 563 00:29:34,200 --> 00:29:37,039 classified corporate secrets, the little padlock icon in your web 564 00:29:37,039 --> 00:29:41,160 browser is protected by classical encryption algorithms. The most famous 565 00:29:41,279 --> 00:29:42,240 is RSA. 566 00:29:42,240 --> 00:29:45,880 Speaker 2: Named after Ron Rivist, Adi Schmer and Leonard Addelman, who 567 00:29:45,880 --> 00:29:49,519 publicly described it in nineteen seventy seven. The entire foundation 568 00:29:49,599 --> 00:29:53,039 of RSA and much of modern encryption, relies on a 569 00:29:53,039 --> 00:29:57,559 specific mathematical asymmetry. Explain that for us, it is incredibly 570 00:29:57,680 --> 00:30:02,440 easy to multiply to very large prime numbers together to 571 00:30:02,480 --> 00:30:05,440 get a massive result. But if I only give you 572 00:30:05,480 --> 00:30:08,480 the massive result, it is incredibly difficult and time consuming 573 00:30:08,480 --> 00:30:11,359 for a classical computer to figure out which two prime 574 00:30:11,440 --> 00:30:12,680 numbers I've multiplied together. 575 00:30:12,839 --> 00:30:16,000 Speaker 1: Factoring massive primes is the bottleneck. If the numbers are 576 00:30:16,039 --> 00:30:19,440 large enough, it would take a classical supercomputer millions or 577 00:30:19,480 --> 00:30:23,000 even billions of years to test every combination and break 578 00:30:23,039 --> 00:30:23,559 the encryption. 579 00:30:23,799 --> 00:30:28,279 Speaker 2: Yes, so mathematically, your data is secure simply because nobody 580 00:30:28,279 --> 00:30:30,440 has a billion years to wait for a password to crack. 581 00:30:30,519 --> 00:30:32,880 Speaker 1: But here comes quantum, Here comes quantum. 582 00:30:33,200 --> 00:30:36,559 Speaker 2: In nineteen ninety four, a mathematician named Peter Shore developed 583 00:30:36,599 --> 00:30:41,160 a quantum algorithm. Shor's algorithm prove theoretically that a sufficiently 584 00:30:41,200 --> 00:30:44,880 powerful quantum computer wouldn't have to guess prime factors sequentially. 585 00:30:45,680 --> 00:30:49,440 By utilizing quantum interference again amplifying the correct answer and 586 00:30:49,480 --> 00:30:52,480 canceling out the wrong ones, a quantum computer could solve 587 00:30:52,480 --> 00:30:55,720 those specific mathematical problems in hours or even minutes. 588 00:30:56,039 --> 00:30:59,519 Speaker 1: The day of fully scaled, fault tolerant quantum computer comes 589 00:30:59,559 --> 00:31:03,680 online and runs Shor's algorithm, the vast majority of classical 590 00:31:03,759 --> 00:31:07,720 encryption protecting the world's data is rendered instantly obsolete. It 591 00:31:07,799 --> 00:31:10,400 is broken, the padlot completely vanishes. 592 00:31:10,759 --> 00:31:13,519 Speaker 2: But as you pointed out, that full tolerant machine doesn't 593 00:31:13,559 --> 00:31:16,279 exist quite yet. So why are the banks partnering with 594 00:31:16,319 --> 00:31:17,240 ion Q today? 595 00:31:17,400 --> 00:31:19,759 Speaker 1: Right? If the machine isn't built yet, what's the rush? 596 00:31:19,960 --> 00:31:22,480 Speaker 2: This leads us to the most chilling implication derived from 597 00:31:22,480 --> 00:31:25,880 the text. Demasi says they need to make sure bad 598 00:31:25,920 --> 00:31:28,960 guys when they get quantum computing down the line are 599 00:31:29,000 --> 00:31:32,880 not able to take advantage of snooping or hacking. He 600 00:31:33,000 --> 00:31:37,440 is describing a globally recognized intelligence strategy known as store now, 601 00:31:37,519 --> 00:31:38,200 decrypt later. 602 00:31:38,480 --> 00:31:41,079 Speaker 1: This is the concept that directly impacts you, the listener. 603 00:31:41,160 --> 00:31:45,599 Right now, hostile nation states, massive intelligence agencies, and sophisticated 604 00:31:45,599 --> 00:31:49,480 hacktivist groups. No, they cannot break modern RSA encryption today, 605 00:31:49,920 --> 00:31:53,240 but they also know with absolute certainty that quantum computers 606 00:31:53,240 --> 00:31:56,559 are coming. So right now today they are vacuuming up 607 00:31:56,599 --> 00:31:59,920 and stealing massive oceans of encrypted, secure data. 608 00:32:00,480 --> 00:32:04,359 Speaker 2: They are building colossal data centers explicitly to house data 609 00:32:04,400 --> 00:32:07,240 they cannot read. It is absolute gibberish to them. 610 00:32:07,319 --> 00:32:11,519 Speaker 1: Right now, It's exactly like someone stealing a heavily locked safe. Today. 611 00:32:11,799 --> 00:32:14,480 They drag these massive safe into a warehouse. They can't 612 00:32:14,519 --> 00:32:16,640 open them. They don't have the combinations, they don't have 613 00:32:16,640 --> 00:32:19,400 the torches to cut the steel. But they know for 614 00:32:19,480 --> 00:32:22,480 a mathematical fact that in five or ten years someone 615 00:32:22,559 --> 00:32:25,519 is going to invent a universal master key that opens 616 00:32:25,599 --> 00:32:30,079 any safe instantly. So they are just hoarding the safes. 617 00:32:30,480 --> 00:32:33,319 Speaker 2: That is a perfect encapsulation of the threat. They are 618 00:32:33,359 --> 00:32:37,319 hoarding the safe and Those safes contain your historical financial records, 619 00:32:37,720 --> 00:32:42,559 government intelligence assets, secure personal communications, and intellectual property. They 620 00:32:42,559 --> 00:32:44,920 are storing them now, patiently waiting for the day they 621 00:32:44,960 --> 00:32:48,240 possess a quantum computer to decrypt them later. I mean, 622 00:32:48,359 --> 00:32:52,519 for intelligence agencies, unmasking a Spies communications from ten years 623 00:32:52,519 --> 00:32:54,240 ago is still highly valuable. 624 00:32:54,359 --> 00:32:57,079 Speaker 1: So what is de Maasi pitching to these massive banks? 625 00:32:57,240 --> 00:32:59,319 Ion q is trying to build safes that even the 626 00:32:59,319 --> 00:33:02,359 future master key can't open. How do you defend against 627 00:33:02,400 --> 00:33:03,480 a future master key? 628 00:33:03,680 --> 00:33:06,200 Speaker 2: You have to fundamentally change what the safe is made of. 629 00:33:06,599 --> 00:33:09,400 You have to move away from saves built on mathematical complexity, 630 00:33:09,640 --> 00:33:13,119 which quantum computers excel at breaking, and build safes based 631 00:33:13,160 --> 00:33:15,920 on the immutable laws of physics. That is what post 632 00:33:16,039 --> 00:33:20,200 quantum cryptography, and specifically quantum key distribution aims to achieve. 633 00:33:20,759 --> 00:33:24,000 Speaker 1: Okay, how does QKD actually work? How does physics protect 634 00:33:24,000 --> 00:33:25,359 a password better than math? 635 00:33:26,119 --> 00:33:29,200 Speaker 2: QKD uses the principles of quantum mechanics to transmit the 636 00:33:29,279 --> 00:33:32,000 encryption key, the sequence of data used to lock and 637 00:33:32,079 --> 00:33:36,079 unlock the information. In a typical QKD system, you transmit 638 00:33:36,119 --> 00:33:39,559 the key using individual photons particles of light over a 639 00:33:39,599 --> 00:33:42,759 fiber optic cable. You encode the information into the quantum 640 00:33:42,839 --> 00:33:45,160 state of those photons, like their polarization. 641 00:33:45,440 --> 00:33:48,079 Speaker 1: And here is where the physics become a security guard. Right. 642 00:33:48,680 --> 00:33:52,279 According to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the fundamental nature 643 00:33:52,319 --> 00:33:56,559 of quantum observation, you cannot measure or observe a quantum 644 00:33:56,599 --> 00:33:58,599 system without inherently altering it. 645 00:33:59,000 --> 00:34:02,920 Speaker 2: Precisely, if a hacker, even one with a massive quantum computer, 646 00:34:03,200 --> 00:34:06,759 attempts to tap the fiber optic line and intercept or 647 00:34:06,799 --> 00:34:10,559 observe the quantum key while it's being transmitted, the very 648 00:34:10,599 --> 00:34:13,719 act of their observation collapses the quantum state of the photons, 649 00:34:14,239 --> 00:34:19,079 the polarization changes. This creates an immediate detectable error rate. 650 00:34:19,199 --> 00:34:21,559 Speaker 1: So the sender and receiver instantly know the line is 651 00:34:21,599 --> 00:34:24,679 compromised before they ever send the actual sensitive data. Yes, 652 00:34:24,920 --> 00:34:27,599 the hacker can't quietly copy the key because looking at 653 00:34:27,639 --> 00:34:28,800 the key destroys it. 654 00:34:28,800 --> 00:34:31,679 Speaker 2: It guarantees, through the laws of physics that the key 655 00:34:31,760 --> 00:34:35,320 is fundamentally secure. If the key ari is intact, you 656 00:34:35,440 --> 00:34:38,079 know with absolute certainty no one observed it. That is 657 00:34:38,119 --> 00:34:40,599 the ultimate security Demasi's referencing, which. 658 00:34:40,440 --> 00:34:43,679 Speaker 1: Brings us to a fascinating kind of philosophical clash between 659 00:34:43,679 --> 00:34:46,360 the interviewer and the CEO regarding the very nature of 660 00:34:46,400 --> 00:34:50,719 digital defense. Focusing deeper on cybersecurity, the anchor tries to 661 00:34:50,719 --> 00:34:55,199 contextualize IONQ by comparing them to the massive traditional cybersecurity 662 00:34:55,199 --> 00:34:59,159 giants that dominate the market. She asks, is your technology 663 00:34:59,159 --> 00:35:03,000 that fights CyberSecure hacks faster than Palo Alto Networks or CrowdStrike? 664 00:35:03,360 --> 00:35:06,239 Speaker 2: It is a completely natural question for a financial anchor 665 00:35:06,239 --> 00:35:09,920 to ask. She is trimmed to benchmark this new player 666 00:35:10,000 --> 00:35:14,800 against the established, multi billion dollar market leaders, But Demasi's 667 00:35:14,880 --> 00:35:18,679 rebuttal is deeply revealing about the paradigm shift we are discussing. 668 00:35:19,400 --> 00:35:22,079 He casually responds, I don't know if speed is relevant. 669 00:35:22,199 --> 00:35:26,519 Speaker 1: When I first heard that, it sounded insane. In modern cybersecurity, 670 00:35:26,639 --> 00:35:30,000 speed is literally everything. The faster you catch the hacker 671 00:35:30,000 --> 00:35:32,599 inside your network, the less data, the exful trade. 672 00:35:33,039 --> 00:35:36,159 Speaker 2: In the classical paradigm, speed is the only metric that matters. 673 00:35:36,440 --> 00:35:39,639 Classical security is largely a sophisticated game of cat and mouse. 674 00:35:40,039 --> 00:35:43,119 It is based on perimeter defense and rapid patching. You 675 00:35:43,119 --> 00:35:45,519 build a firewall, a hacker finds a zero to a 676 00:35:45,599 --> 00:35:48,840 vulnerability and punches a hole in it. Your detection software 677 00:35:48,880 --> 00:35:52,800 like CrowdStrike or Palo Alto detects the anomaloust behavior, and 678 00:35:52,840 --> 00:35:55,719 your security team races to quarantine the threat and patch 679 00:35:55,760 --> 00:35:57,519 the hole as fast as physically possible. 680 00:35:57,760 --> 00:36:01,000 Speaker 1: The brewche is treated as an inevitable reality. The defense 681 00:36:01,119 --> 00:36:03,440 is all about reaction time exactly. 682 00:36:04,159 --> 00:36:06,760 Speaker 2: But Demasi is arguing that quantum security operates on a 683 00:36:06,800 --> 00:36:10,280 completely different foundational reality. He isn't trying to build a 684 00:36:10,280 --> 00:36:11,480 faster fire alarm. 685 00:36:11,599 --> 00:36:15,480 Speaker 1: He is stating that quantum security is about fundamental, mathematical 686 00:36:15,519 --> 00:36:19,280 and physical prevention. He explicitly notes they are looking to 687 00:36:19,320 --> 00:36:22,639 prevent information from being communicated to the bad guys in 688 00:36:22,679 --> 00:36:23,360 the first place. 689 00:36:23,719 --> 00:36:26,920 Speaker 2: If your encryption key is fundamentally unbreakable because of the 690 00:36:27,000 --> 00:36:30,280 laws of quantum mechanics, because looking at it destroys it, 691 00:36:30,639 --> 00:36:32,960 then the speed at which you detect a hacker trying 692 00:36:32,960 --> 00:36:34,920 to break it is irrelevant. They can't break it. The 693 00:36:34,920 --> 00:36:35,880 physics prevent it. 694 00:36:36,079 --> 00:36:39,199 Speaker 1: As a listener, think about how your data is currently protected. 695 00:36:39,800 --> 00:36:43,039 It is guarded by companies whose entire business model relies 696 00:36:43,039 --> 00:36:45,920 on reacting incredibly fast to new fires. They are the 697 00:36:45,960 --> 00:36:48,599 best fire departments in the world. They show up minutes 698 00:36:48,639 --> 00:36:51,320 after the smoke starts. What Demasi is selling is a 699 00:36:51,320 --> 00:36:54,440 house that physically cannot catch fire. Ultimate security. 700 00:36:54,679 --> 00:36:56,639 Speaker 2: But he goes even further, and this is where the 701 00:36:56,639 --> 00:37:00,239 conversation gets slightly ominous. He says, we want to be 702 00:37:00,320 --> 00:37:03,400 the standard, if you will, for all quantum technologies, from 703 00:37:03,480 --> 00:37:08,760 sensing to security, networking and computers. This raises an incredibly 704 00:37:08,800 --> 00:37:13,079 important question, one that policymakers and citizens need to seriously ponder. 705 00:37:13,760 --> 00:37:16,719 What happens when a single company, or even a tightly 706 00:37:16,760 --> 00:37:20,760 consolidated cartel of a few companies, becomes the foundational security 707 00:37:20,840 --> 00:37:22,400 layer for absolutely everything. 708 00:37:22,480 --> 00:37:25,280 Speaker 1: That's a huge point. If ion Q or any single 709 00:37:25,400 --> 00:37:28,519 entity becomes the standard for the banks, the power grid, 710 00:37:28,639 --> 00:37:32,360 the government, and the military simultaneously, the sheer concentration of 711 00:37:32,400 --> 00:37:35,239 foundational trust is unprecedented in human history. 712 00:37:35,400 --> 00:37:38,679 Speaker 2: We worry about tech monopolies today regarding search engines or 713 00:37:38,719 --> 00:37:43,079 social media. Monopoly on the fundamental physics of global security 714 00:37:43,199 --> 00:37:45,599 is a different order of magnitude Entirely. 715 00:37:45,519 --> 00:37:48,599 Speaker 1: If he can truly build that fireproof house, the traditional 716 00:37:48,599 --> 00:37:52,320 fire departments, the classical cybersecurity firms will have to adapt 717 00:37:52,440 --> 00:37:56,480 instantly or face obsolescence. In a post quantum world, which 718 00:37:56,519 --> 00:37:59,280 is why he subtly notes that those classical companies might 719 00:37:59,320 --> 00:38:02,760 be partners of the long term rather than direct competitors. 720 00:38:03,199 --> 00:38:06,000 They will need to integrate these quantum standards into their 721 00:38:06,079 --> 00:38:07,840 fast reaction networks to survive. 722 00:38:08,119 --> 00:38:11,920 Speaker 2: But to achieve this massive standard of ultimate security, to 723 00:38:12,039 --> 00:38:14,920 build the atomic sensors for the submarines, to guide the 724 00:38:14,960 --> 00:38:18,559 hypersonic defense grids, and to wire the global banks with 725 00:38:18,639 --> 00:38:23,559 quantum keys, you need an unparalleled manufacturing base. You cannot 726 00:38:23,599 --> 00:38:26,880 just have brilliant physicists in a room writing theoretical algorithm. 727 00:38:27,039 --> 00:38:31,000 Speaker 1: No, you have to physically bend metal, dope silicon, manipulate atoms. 728 00:38:31,039 --> 00:38:33,880 You have to build incredibly complex, finicky machines. 729 00:38:33,920 --> 00:38:37,519 Speaker 2: Where's all this physical infrastructure coming from? Because demasi pivots 730 00:38:37,519 --> 00:38:41,480 sharply to focus on the ecosystem, the conversation brilliantly transitions 731 00:38:41,480 --> 00:38:44,679 from software and theory back to heavy, dirty, physical industry. 732 00:38:45,039 --> 00:38:48,079 The entire foundation of his sweeping claims rests entirely on 733 00:38:48,119 --> 00:38:49,360 manufacturing capacity. 734 00:38:49,639 --> 00:38:53,639 Speaker 1: He boasts that ion Q is the best capitalized company 735 00:38:53,679 --> 00:38:57,840 in history in this specific sector, and his primary driving 736 00:38:57,880 --> 00:39:01,280 focus seems to be bringing the entire menu manufacturing ecosystem, 737 00:39:01,360 --> 00:39:04,880 the whole US supply chain directly into their orbit and 738 00:39:05,119 --> 00:39:07,320 strictly keeping it inside the United States. 739 00:39:07,519 --> 00:39:10,880 Speaker 2: He is incredibly specific about the physical hardware required to 740 00:39:10,920 --> 00:39:14,119 make this reality happen. He mentions their acquisition of a 741 00:39:14,119 --> 00:39:17,920 business associated with Skywater. He talks about leading the merchants apply. 742 00:39:18,280 --> 00:39:23,280 He lists the actual physical components required, specialized chips, networking equipment, 743 00:39:23,719 --> 00:39:24,920 and atomic clocks. 744 00:39:25,079 --> 00:39:27,639 Speaker 1: This isn't just about designing a faster processor. It is 745 00:39:27,679 --> 00:39:31,039 about owning the entire vertical stack of the technology. Let's 746 00:39:31,039 --> 00:39:34,000 talk about the specific hardware he mentions, like atomic clocks, 747 00:39:34,159 --> 00:39:37,239 because it ties directly into the geopolitical race. He constantly 748 00:39:37,280 --> 00:39:38,079 references right. 749 00:39:38,119 --> 00:39:41,440 Speaker 2: He states this is a race against adversaries like China. 750 00:39:41,960 --> 00:39:44,199 Speaker 1: It becomes clear that the quantum race isn't just about 751 00:39:44,239 --> 00:39:47,119 who can code the best algorithm. It is about who 752 00:39:47,199 --> 00:39:50,119 physically owns the foundries that bake the chips. 753 00:39:50,119 --> 00:39:54,760 Speaker 2: And Semiconductor fabrication is arguably the most complex manufacturing process 754 00:39:55,000 --> 00:39:59,559 human beings have ever devised. Classical silicon chips require facilities 755 00:40:00,159 --> 00:40:04,599 fabs that cost tens of billions of dollars, utilizing extreme 756 00:40:04,840 --> 00:40:09,840 ultraviolet lithography, machines that are engineering marvels themselves. Quantum hardware 757 00:40:09,880 --> 00:40:13,000 requires even more exotic manufacturing. If you are building trapped 758 00:40:13,039 --> 00:40:16,920 ion systems, you need specialized photonic chips to route the 759 00:40:17,000 --> 00:40:21,320 lasers that control the atoms. You need perfectly engineered vacuum chambers. 760 00:40:21,199 --> 00:40:23,840 Speaker 1: And atomic clocks. We mentioned them earlier with the submarines. 761 00:40:23,880 --> 00:40:26,679 But what actually is an atomic clock in this context 762 00:40:26,920 --> 00:40:29,000 and why is owning the supply chain for it a 763 00:40:29,039 --> 00:40:30,360 matter of national security. 764 00:40:30,559 --> 00:40:34,239 Speaker 2: An atomic clock measures time by monitoring the resonant frequency 765 00:40:34,239 --> 00:40:37,920 of atoms. Classical clocks use quartz crystals that vibrate at 766 00:40:37,960 --> 00:40:41,360 a specific frequency when electricity is applied, but quartz is 767 00:40:41,400 --> 00:40:44,719 affected by temperature and age. Atoms, as we discussed, are 768 00:40:44,800 --> 00:40:48,599 universally identical and stable. By measuring the electron transitions in 769 00:40:48,639 --> 00:40:52,280 atoms like caesium or rubidium, atomic clocks lose less than 770 00:40:52,280 --> 00:40:53,840 a second over millions of years. 771 00:40:53,960 --> 00:40:55,280 Speaker 1: That's insane precision. 772 00:40:55,679 --> 00:40:59,440 Speaker 2: This ultra precise timing is the literal heartbeat of GPS, 773 00:41:00,000 --> 00:41:03,840 of high frequency stock trading, and of synchronized military communications. 774 00:41:04,159 --> 00:41:07,000 Speaker 1: So if the US relies on foreign adversaries for the 775 00:41:07,039 --> 00:41:10,800 fundamental physical components of this next wave, if another country 776 00:41:10,800 --> 00:41:13,800 builds the atomic clock that sinks our defense grid or 777 00:41:13,840 --> 00:41:17,199 manufactures the photonic chip that runs the encryption. For JP Morgan, 778 00:41:17,760 --> 00:41:21,440 the ultimate security DEMASI just promised is deeply compromised before 779 00:41:21,480 --> 00:41:22,719 the machine is even turned on. 780 00:41:23,320 --> 00:41:27,199 Speaker 2: Exactly, supply chain sovereignty is national security. You cannot have 781 00:41:27,320 --> 00:41:31,480 ultimate security built on untrusted hardware. A deeply embedded hardware 782 00:41:31,519 --> 00:41:34,800 backdoor in a quantum sensor or a compromised atomic clock 783 00:41:35,039 --> 00:41:37,079 introduces a catastrophic vulnerability. 784 00:41:37,320 --> 00:41:40,599 Speaker 1: So DEMASI is emphasizing that they are capitalizing the foundries 785 00:41:40,639 --> 00:41:43,159 and the merchant supplier business to ensure the US leads 786 00:41:43,159 --> 00:41:48,159 and computing, networking, sensing, and cybersecurity without relying on external, 787 00:41:48,280 --> 00:41:50,039 potentially hostile supply chains. 788 00:41:50,280 --> 00:41:53,079 Speaker 2: It completely echoed the original space race of the nineteen 789 00:41:53,119 --> 00:41:56,559 sixties or the masses semiconductor boom of the late twentieth century. 790 00:41:56,719 --> 00:41:59,400 Speaker 1: I was just thinking that, think about the sheer scale 791 00:41:59,400 --> 00:42:02,440 of ambition and required here. They aren't just trying to 792 00:42:02,440 --> 00:42:06,400 build a new consumer product. They are trying to capitalize, design, 793 00:42:06,480 --> 00:42:10,440 and construct an entirely new physical industry from scratch. They 794 00:42:10,440 --> 00:42:12,920 are building the picks, the shovels, the mines, and the 795 00:42:13,000 --> 00:42:16,199 railroads for the quantum gold rush. All at once inside 796 00:42:16,239 --> 00:42:17,239 the borders of the US. 797 00:42:17,760 --> 00:42:21,639 Speaker 2: It is a staggering generational undertaking, and as he concludes 798 00:42:21,719 --> 00:42:25,719 the interview, he reiterates that this domain is the battlefield 799 00:42:25,760 --> 00:42:28,440 of the future. It is a battlefield defined not just 800 00:42:28,480 --> 00:42:32,119 by bullets and missiles, but by atomic frequencies, quantum encryption keys, 801 00:42:32,400 --> 00:42:35,519 entangled logistical networks, and secure domestic foundriies. 802 00:42:35,840 --> 00:42:37,960 Speaker 1: So what does this all mean for US. Let's pull 803 00:42:38,000 --> 00:42:42,119 all these thrilling threads together. Based on the short, incredibly 804 00:42:42,159 --> 00:42:45,039 dense financial interview, we are witnessing the birth of an 805 00:42:45,039 --> 00:42:48,559 era where quantum computing definitively leaves the realm of chalkboards 806 00:42:48,599 --> 00:42:51,559 and university theories. It is stepping out of the freezing 807 00:42:51,599 --> 00:42:54,119 laboratories and demanding real world application. 808 00:42:54,599 --> 00:42:59,000 Speaker 2: It is actively being integrated to track chaotic missile trajectories 809 00:42:59,199 --> 00:43:03,519 with flooded mail precision. It is preparing to guide submarines 810 00:43:03,519 --> 00:43:06,760 in the crushing dark using the gravitational fabric of the Earth. 811 00:43:06,840 --> 00:43:10,519 Speaker 1: It is racing to mathematically lock down global banking against 812 00:43:10,559 --> 00:43:14,360 the looming store now decrypt later threat, and it is 813 00:43:14,400 --> 00:43:17,599 forcing the total reshaping of the US industrial supply chain 814 00:43:17,639 --> 00:43:18,880 to support it. 815 00:43:18,880 --> 00:43:22,880 Speaker 2: It is a comprehensive technological revolution happening right beneath the 816 00:43:22,920 --> 00:43:25,320 surface of the news cycle, and it leaves us with 817 00:43:25,400 --> 00:43:29,960 a critical, almost philosophical problem to consider. If quantum technology 818 00:43:30,000 --> 00:43:34,280 truly becomes the new baseline for reality, providing exact, ungammable 819 00:43:34,320 --> 00:43:39,639 geographic locations, mathematically unbreakable data and logistics that perfectly forecast 820 00:43:39,679 --> 00:43:43,119 the chaotic future, what happens to the nations, the organizations, 821 00:43:43,199 --> 00:43:44,639 or the individuals that fall behind. 822 00:43:44,880 --> 00:43:47,360 Speaker 1: That is the haunting reality of this transition. If you 823 00:43:47,400 --> 00:43:49,639 are operating on a classical map and your opponent has 824 00:43:49,679 --> 00:43:52,519 omnipresent quantum radar, you aren't just leasing the game, You 825 00:43:52,559 --> 00:43:55,719 are playing a completely different game entirely. You are relegated 826 00:43:55,719 --> 00:43:58,360 to a second tier classical reality while the rest of 827 00:43:58,360 --> 00:44:00,000 the world operates on quantum truth. 828 00:44:00,320 --> 00:44:04,440 Speaker 2: The disparity and power and capability will be unprecedented. 829 00:44:03,880 --> 00:44:07,039 Speaker 1: Which brings me directly to you, the listener. We have 830 00:44:07,199 --> 00:44:11,840 unpacked the atomic physics, the military strategy, the banking security crisis, 831 00:44:11,880 --> 00:44:14,599 and the massive supply chain race, but we want to 832 00:44:14,639 --> 00:44:17,559 know where you stand on this precipice. Do you think 833 00:44:17,599 --> 00:44:21,199 the immediate deployment of this quantum tech in military and 834 00:44:21,239 --> 00:44:25,639 financial sectors makes the world fundamentally safer because of this promised, 835 00:44:25,679 --> 00:44:29,880 mathematically enforced ultimate security. Or do you think consolidating this 836 00:44:30,000 --> 00:44:34,000 level of power simply accelerates a dangerous, invisible new arms 837 00:44:34,079 --> 00:44:37,480 race where the stakes are higher than ever before. What 838 00:44:37,599 --> 00:44:39,480 is your take on this? Drop a comment below and 839 00:44:39,559 --> 00:44:41,400 let us know your thoughts. We will be reading them. 840 00:44:41,719 --> 00:44:44,280 Speaker 2: It is a conversation we all need to be actively 841 00:44:44,320 --> 00:44:48,119 having because, as Demasi warned, this future is arriving significantly 842 00:44:48,159 --> 00:44:49,320 faster than everyone thought. 843 00:44:49,519 --> 00:44:51,960 Speaker 1: It absolutely is. Thank you so much for joining us 844 00:44:51,960 --> 00:44:55,519 for this edition of Thrilling Threads. Stay curious, stay informed, 845 00:44:55,559 --> 00:44:57,320 and we will catch you on the next thread.