Speaker 1: Oh hey, it's that sweater that lives in the backseat
Speaker 1: ali board. I'm here with episode number four of Smologies. Smologies.
Speaker 1: If you're like, what's that, there are bite sized, classroom
Speaker 1: friendly edits of our original ologies classics. So if you
Speaker 1: haven't heard the original Melatology Bees episode and you don't
Speaker 1: mind swearing and juicy, sometimes filthy details, stop what you're
Speaker 1: doing and listen to that version at the link in
Speaker 1: the show notes. But if you need a shorter, g
Speaker 1: rated director's cut, you're in the right place. So this
Speaker 1: episode still has me buzzing around the room with excitement
Speaker 1: because it's all about bees. So Melotology, by the way,
Speaker 1: comes from the Greek for bee. So everyone you know
Speaker 1: named Melissa, their name means be go tell Melissa that
Speaker 1: fun fact. So I met today's ologist in Portland, where
Speaker 1: she is a melatologist and president of the Urban Beekeepers
Speaker 1: Association there, and after we recorded in twenty eighteen, she
Speaker 1: decided to start her own amazing podcast called Beekeeper Confidential.
Speaker 1: And if that wasn't enough, she also was the founder
Speaker 1: of bella Beek, a company that creates made to order
Speaker 1: bee veils. So get ready to find out all about
Speaker 1: bee bread, What colors make you most attractive to bees?
Speaker 1: Who has stingers? And why why agricultural honeybee populations are threatened,
Speaker 1: but why native bees are of greater concern, How you
Speaker 1: can help them, hives versus nests, carpenter bees, blue bees,
Speaker 1: and how honeybees have a call and response song of
Speaker 1: their very own. With bee expert and melotologist Amanda Mandy
Speaker 1: shahlog what's going on with these bees?
Speaker 2: So what we're seeing is bees are being put into
Speaker 2: nest boxes that aren't ideal. Oh and if you look
Speaker 2: at the industrial beekeeping complex, bees are being forced to
Speaker 2: pollinate and work outside of their normal cycle. Oh and
Speaker 2: so they're being pushed to these limits and it's weakening
Speaker 2: their immune systems. And when there's monoculture and pesticide use involved,
Speaker 2: it causes them to collapse. And I think that generally
Speaker 2: the wild honeybee population is doing okay. It's the managed hives.
Speaker 2: It's the ones that are used in agricultural practices that
Speaker 2: we're seeing the big issues with the colony collapse. But
Speaker 2: generally native bees are solitary and they don't make honey,
Speaker 2: but they do gather to feed their young.
Speaker 1: What is their normal life cycle. Do they only work
Speaker 1: in certain months and we're like, yo, we got stuff
Speaker 1: to pollinate.
Speaker 3: Right, it's February, got almond trees to pollinate. Get up,
Speaker 3: let's go.
Speaker 1: So Portland is relatively temperate, and Amanda says that the
Speaker 1: bees do survive over winter and then they're up and
Speaker 1: at them in late March, early April, and then by
Speaker 1: November they start shutting down for winter again, living off
Speaker 1: the honey and they have smaller colony numbers, but the
Speaker 1: summer bees are the most extra they're out there.
Speaker 2: The summer bees only last about six weeks because they
Speaker 2: literally work.
Speaker 3: Themselves to death.
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, and most of them are women anyway, ryes
Speaker 1: like they needed to take a break, right. It is
Speaker 1: like because most of the workers, the workers are all women.
Speaker 3: The workers are all women. Yeah yeah, and so they
Speaker 3: work themselves to death to death yes, good, yeah.
Speaker 1: Yeah, in the scale of like zero to ten. Like
Speaker 1: what can the average person do?
Speaker 2: I always tell people, well, you don't have to be
Speaker 2: a bee keeper to help the cause. The biggest thing
Speaker 2: that bees need right now, honey bees and native bees
Speaker 2: is food that's safe, you know, providing plant seeds that
Speaker 2: haven't been pre treated with pesticides and check the labels
Speaker 2: because a lot of them are pre treated.
Speaker 4: Oh I don't know.
Speaker 2: Yeah, and planting plants that haven't been pre treated with
Speaker 2: systemic pesticides. That's one of the big issues.
Speaker 1: I didn't know what a systemic pesticide was because I
Speaker 1: live in la and my garden is a parking lot.
Speaker 1: But they're the kind of pesticides that live in the
Speaker 1: tissues of the plant instead of just being misted over
Speaker 1: the leaves.
Speaker 2: Another thing that native pollinators are struggling with is habitat.
Speaker 2: So if you can have a corner of your yard
Speaker 2: where you know, you can have that compost pile on
Speaker 2: the ground for bumblebees to nest in, or there, you know,
Speaker 2: there's lots of other ground nesting bees. So like having
Speaker 2: that awareness, you can make your yard its own little
Speaker 2: nature site and.
Speaker 3: The bees will come.
Speaker 1: Can you tell me a little bit about the difference
Speaker 1: between honey bees and native bees and should we be
Speaker 1: using honey bees in this environment?
Speaker 2: With native bees they're actually more effective pollinators than honey
Speaker 2: bees are, but honey bees sort of get all of
Speaker 2: the attention, and they can be used in the agricultural industry.
Speaker 2: They can be used as livestock to pollinate large crops,
Speaker 2: but native bees are more effective pollinators. And we have
Speaker 2: over four thousand species of native bees in America. What
Speaker 2: so there's a lot of them out there, but they
Speaker 2: sort of don't get the attention that they need because
Speaker 2: the honey bees are, you know, the star of the show,
Speaker 2: and they're the ones getting you know, the cry for
Speaker 2: help is for the honey bees, but really it's the
Speaker 2: native bees that need the habitat.
Speaker 3: They need variety in their diet. So when you have like.
Speaker 2: These giant fields of of almonds or cotton or corn
Speaker 2: or soy beans, that's not good for the native bee
Speaker 2: population because they need variety.
Speaker 1: You heard how shocked I was that there were over
Speaker 1: four thousand species of native bees in America and at
Speaker 1: this Malifera, the European honey bee you're so familiar with,
Speaker 1: is not one of them. That's right. They were brought
Speaker 1: over by settlers for wax and honey and pollination, and
Speaker 1: the native bees get edged out of territories and are
Speaker 1: more threatened, and the native ones are the species who
Speaker 1: need saving. And I had to know more about these
Speaker 1: supporting but important native players in the bee show, which
Speaker 1: let me remind you is an ensemble piece. Have you
Speaker 1: ever seen those huge black bees buzzing around in the summer,
Speaker 1: So they're probably carpenter bees. And they drill out these
Speaker 1: perfect little tunnels in wood to raise their young. And
Speaker 1: the females are black and glossy, and they rarely sting,
Speaker 1: and the males are this great golden blonde color. They
Speaker 1: don't even have stingers, of course, because they're dudes, and
Speaker 1: a stinger is a modified egg laying part, so only
Speaker 1: females have them. Now, these facts are helpful conversational distractions.
Speaker 1: If you ever see a carpenter bee and everyone around
Speaker 1: you are shrieking, just say, hey, this is a native
Speaker 1: bee and it's our friend. Now another native bee friend,
Speaker 1: which you can keep and rear in your yard. Mason bees.
Speaker 1: What's a mason bee?
Speaker 3: What's a mason bee?
Speaker 2: Mason Bees are solitary bees. They're known as the gentle pollinator.
Speaker 2: They're native. They're also called blue orchard mason bees, and
Speaker 2: they nest in these little tubes and they're super easy,
Speaker 2: and it's like you bee keeping for anybody. Anybody could
Speaker 2: keep mason bees. And they're just they're fuzzy and they're
Speaker 2: shiny and blue and cute, and you know when they're
Speaker 2: coming back to their nest, you can see little packs
Speaker 2: of pollen on their bellies bringing it back, and they're
Speaker 2: just they're really cute.
Speaker 1: So a non yellow, non striped bee, yes, they exist.
Speaker 1: There are a lot of them. So Mason bees are
Speaker 1: this really beautiful kind of gun metal blue color. And
Speaker 1: in a lot of the one million photos I just
Speaker 1: scrolled through while turning into a living, breathing, heart eyed emoji,
Speaker 1: Mason bees appeared to be covered in pollen a lots
Speaker 1: all over the place. I guess sloppy gatherers make really
Speaker 1: good pollinators, just like ah, like confetti pollen everywhere. And
Speaker 1: now what do you keep?
Speaker 2: I plant a lot of oregano, mint, lavender and stuff
Speaker 2: that's really easy to grow.
Speaker 3: This kind of blooms long season.
Speaker 2: Borage is a really great bee food and it's super
Speaker 2: easy to take care of.
Speaker 1: So maybe plant yourself a little garden or even a
Speaker 1: pot or two of flowers on a window box or
Speaker 1: a stoop. Those can be a wonderland for native bees
Speaker 1: or honey. Now, if you like, if that's just not
Speaker 1: enough bees, if you're like, I need thirty thousand bees.
Speaker 1: Maybe think about beekeeping like Amanda does. But before you
Speaker 1: go ordering a hole setup, which can set you back
Speaker 1: a few hundred bucks, you may want to check with
Speaker 1: a local beekeeper's association first because they can sometimes rent
Speaker 1: or lend equipment which is handy, or they can tell
Speaker 1: you which hive boxes or cool face nets attached to
Speaker 1: a hat are bunk and not to buy. Personally, I
Speaker 1: say biomadas, I think in the show notes, but this
Speaker 1: brings us to stings. Why do they hurt?
Speaker 5: So?
Speaker 1: B Venom contains a compound called melton, which makes red
Speaker 1: blood cells burst, which hurts, and there are other proteins
Speaker 1: that destroy cell membranes, cause pain, destroy nerve tissue. There's
Speaker 1: also histamine in b venom, which makes your capillaries leak
Speaker 1: and causes itchy welts. So when bees sting, they release
Speaker 1: a pheromone that says I'm in trubs. It's a last
Speaker 1: ditch defense. Bees don't want to see you, they don't
Speaker 1: want to die. They would really really rather very much not.
Speaker 1: So you prevent getting stung by just being really really
Speaker 1: kind of cautious about where they are at all times,
Speaker 1: like just kind of washing your back. Yes, okay, yes,
Speaker 1: and now when they're swarming, tell me what is happening.
Speaker 2: So a swarm is like a birth of a new colony,
Speaker 2: and it happens in the springtime when bees are you know,
Speaker 2: coming out of winter. The queen starts laying eggs, the
Speaker 2: colony starts, they get brooding up, they start ramping up
Speaker 2: their their population production, and so they'll make new queens
Speaker 2: to prepare for the swarm. And so when the new
Speaker 2: queens emerge, the old queen leaves the hive with about
Speaker 2: half of the bees and they go off to find
Speaker 2: a new place to live.
Speaker 1: Oh that's actually, that's fascinating because I always thought that
Speaker 1: it was a new queen that was like a bye No,
Speaker 1: But really it's the old one that's like the old one.
Speaker 3: Yeah.
Speaker 1: Side note fun fact. When a bee colony is naturally occurring,
Speaker 1: it's called a nest, but when it's in a human
Speaker 1: made container, then it's a hive.
Speaker 5: Is that fun?
Speaker 1: So where do these old queens go after they bounce
Speaker 1: from their former colony? Well, apparently hollows in trees are
Speaker 1: like just ideal new digs. And Amanda says, hollows and
Speaker 1: trees are insulated. It's in a live ecosystem. It has
Speaker 1: a microbiome that's beneficial to them, so a great place
Speaker 1: to rear tens of thousands of babies. But how do
Speaker 1: they do that? What are they eating?
Speaker 2: The bee goes out and grather the's some nectar and
Speaker 2: they use their tongue.
Speaker 3: They're probascus. It's like a straw.
Speaker 2: And they suck that up and the honey goes in
Speaker 2: or the nectar goes into their honey stomach, so it's
Speaker 2: a secondary stomach that they have, okay, And they carry
Speaker 2: it in that and when they bring it back to
Speaker 2: the hive, they do this thing called trophilacis, and it's
Speaker 2: they're regurgitating the nectar into another bee's mouth. Oh, and
Speaker 2: they pass it back and forth, and each time they
Speaker 2: do this they're adding enzymes to it. It reduces the
Speaker 2: moisture content of the nectar a little bit, because the
Speaker 2: nectar is very high in moisture, and so before it
Speaker 2: can become true honey, they have to bring that moisture
Speaker 2: content down quite a bit. So after they pass it
Speaker 2: back and forth, they'll put it into a little honeycomb
Speaker 2: cell and they fill that up and then they use
Speaker 2: their wings to sort of flap and get the air
Speaker 2: moving and reduce the moisture content. Ideally for harvested honey,
Speaker 2: seventeen percent is the most moisture that you'd want to
Speaker 2: have for it. Oh and then they cover it with
Speaker 2: wax and so it stays fresh forever.
Speaker 1: Really, what are they using the honey for? How are
Speaker 1: they using that ney to feed a brood?
Speaker 2: They feed their brood pollen? Okay, so when they're collecting pollen,
Speaker 2: they're bringing that back to the hive and they're adding
Speaker 2: enzymes to it just sort of ferment it.
Speaker 3: And it's called bee bread. Oh I didn't know that, Yes.
Speaker 2: Bee bread, And so they'll feed that to their babies
Speaker 2: and it's a protein source.
Speaker 1: Got it. So then what's the honey used for for
Speaker 1: the adults they eat it?
Speaker 2: Yeah, it gives them energy. It's to carbohydrate and it
Speaker 2: sustains them through the winter.
Speaker 3: Oh.
Speaker 1: So are they collecting it more in spring and summer
Speaker 1: and then living off of it in the winter.
Speaker 3: Yes?
Speaker 2: Yeah, and before a swarming event they fill up on it.
Speaker 2: Everybody fills out before they leave the hive because they
Speaker 2: need they need that energy for when they get to
Speaker 2: their new home location to build comb. You know, because
Speaker 2: they won't have any comb where they're going unless they're
Speaker 2: moving into an old beehive, so they have to start
Speaker 2: from scratch.
Speaker 1: So now that I have heard the buzz about how
Speaker 1: honeybees eat, I needed to ask about their colonies' social setup.
Speaker 1: Who's overworked and bitter, who's popular, who's good with kids.
Speaker 1: It turns out every honeybee colony has roles that different
Speaker 1: bees inhabit, including her highness Queen Bee. And there is
Speaker 1: a queen, there are the female workers, and then there
Speaker 1: are the drones, right yes, and so how do they
Speaker 1: determine who is the queen?
Speaker 2: The queen is made a queen when she's still an
Speaker 2: egg three days old egg, and the change happens when
Speaker 2: they start feeding her. She's only fed royal jelly, so
Speaker 2: she doesn't get any bee bread. She's deprived of protein
Speaker 2: during her development, and that is what makes her a queen.
Speaker 3: Because she's deprived of She's given.
Speaker 2: A totally different diet and so that somehow changes her.
Speaker 2: She grows differently than the worker bee.
Speaker 1: And what's royal jelly exactly?
Speaker 2: Royal jelly is this enzyme that the bees, they have,
Speaker 2: these glands that they oh, they screat it yeah.
Speaker 1: So that comes from a bee face and not from
Speaker 1: a bee face, and so do a lot of different
Speaker 1: workers like contribute to that or is it yeah, nurse.
Speaker 2: So what happens is, you know, if a bee lives
Speaker 2: out its full life cycle, it will achieve all of
Speaker 2: the different jobs within a colony. Oh, and they start
Speaker 2: out as nurse bees. So when they first are born,
Speaker 2: they come out and they start tending the young and
Speaker 2: the larvae. And then there's food processor bees. There's cleaning
Speaker 2: bees because they like to keep their high really clean.
Speaker 2: And the last stage is the foraging bees. Those are
Speaker 2: the most experienced bees, and they go out and are
Speaker 2: the ones that we see in the gardens. And so
Speaker 2: let's say they make five queens and they all emerge
Speaker 2: around the same time. They will call each other out.
Speaker 2: They do this thing called piping, and so they it
Speaker 2: kind of sounds like a kazoo. They'll call to each
Speaker 2: other and then they'll fight side note.
Speaker 1: So the first queen out starts roaming around making this
Speaker 1: noise in g sharp it's called piping or tooting. It's
Speaker 1: like me, me me. Now a few of her sisters
Speaker 1: who have also been raised to be queens, but are
Speaker 1: still sleeping in they're little cells. They're just snoozed a
Speaker 1: little longer. They respond with a noise called quacking. It
Speaker 1: sounds like a dut honk. It's kind of like Marco Polo,
Speaker 1: but with newborns now Here's the thing when the sleepy
Speaker 1: queens quack back at the first one, that first one's like, oh,
Speaker 1: there you are, and then goes and kills them. And
Speaker 1: does she have a stinger or does she because I
Speaker 1: know a stinger is an ova positive.
Speaker 2: That she does have a stinger, but it's not barbed
Speaker 2: like a worker stinger, so she can use it in battle,
Speaker 2: but it's not like the worker's stinger with the venom sack.
Speaker 1: Also, fun fact, unlike honeybee workers who would sting and
Speaker 1: die to defend their colony, most native solitary bees are
Speaker 1: not quick to sting. So embrace your native bees, but
Speaker 1: not literally. They don't need hugs, but they do need
Speaker 1: flowers to rop around and to shower themselves in pollen.
Speaker 1: Why are workers and drones fuzzy.
Speaker 2: It's my understanding that the workers have fuzz because it
Speaker 2: helps them to gather.
Speaker 3: The pollen will stick to them.
Speaker 2: They get a little bit staticky and sticky, and it
Speaker 2: will stick to their fuzz and then they can clean
Speaker 2: it off and sort of push it into their little
Speaker 2: pollen packets.
Speaker 1: So imagine if your breakfast cereal just stuck to your
Speaker 1: clothes and then you just kind of swiped it into
Speaker 1: a couple of cargo pants pockets. See your bee now
Speaker 1: onto honeybe keeping. I am a little hazy on how
Speaker 1: smoke can calm down honeybees? Can Mandy clear the air
Speaker 1: for me? And now the smoke, you're essentially the smoke monster.
Speaker 1: You're like, they fall asleep, they get drowsy, so it
Speaker 1: confuses them. It masks their pheromones. So if they're really feisty,
Speaker 1: you can put a little smoke on them and it
Speaker 1: subdues their sense of smell. But it also tricks them
Speaker 1: into thinking the hive is on fire. We got a
Speaker 1: load up on honey and get out of dodge.
Speaker 4: Oh wow.
Speaker 1: How do they know where they're new home is? Do
Speaker 1: they have GPS?
Speaker 3: No?
Speaker 1: But they do get directions from their sisters via Yes,
Speaker 1: interpretive dance. That's not what you thought I was gonna say, right,
Speaker 1: I know it's shocking, So it's not some dance you
Speaker 1: do at weddings or on cruise ships or on TikTok.
Speaker 1: It's actually a form of physical communication called a waggle dance.
Speaker 1: I am not making this up.
Speaker 2: So with the waggle dance, they're communicating locations of food, water,
Speaker 2: or even in a new place to live. And the
Speaker 2: orientation of the direction that they're doing the dance in
Speaker 2: correlates with where the sun is at whoa, So they're
Speaker 2: following the sun and they're using their waggle dance to
Speaker 2: tell you which direction, Like if the sun is you know,
Speaker 2: do east, they'll do their dance do East. And then
Speaker 2: the intensity of the waggle tells you how good of
Speaker 2: a source it is.
Speaker 1: I just want to s say, I have been known
Speaker 1: to do a little dance at the first bite of
Speaker 1: a great sandwich, So I get it. It happens to
Speaker 1: the best of us. Now really quick. Speaking of the
Speaker 1: best of us, each week a cause gets a donation,
Speaker 1: and this week we are splitting it between the Xerxe
Speaker 1: Society and the Pollinator Partnership, and there will be links
Speaker 1: to those in the show notes, and also Mandy's about
Speaker 1: to tell you a little bit about them. And those
Speaker 1: donations are made possible by sponsors.
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Speaker 1: Oh, who you may hear about now? Okay, onto your
Speaker 1: questions lightning round. This one is about native bees. Eric
Speaker 1: Lonk wants to know. I want to help Bezi area.
Speaker 1: What's a good resource to find out the proper wildflowers
Speaker 1: to plant for them?
Speaker 2: I would go to the local extension department at the
Speaker 2: University Jersey Society has a lot of resources. Pollinator Partnership
Speaker 2: also has a lot of resource so you can find
Speaker 2: what's growing in your area.
Speaker 1: And John Worcester and Jessepo both had the same question. Well,
Speaker 1: eating honey that's been harvested locally help if you have
Speaker 1: seasonal allergies.
Speaker 3: Word on the street is that it does so.
Speaker 1: It gets your body used to maybe those pollens exactly.
Speaker 2: Okay, I'm not an allergist, but yes, it's like you're
Speaker 2: inoculating yourself with the irritant and your immune system adjusted
Speaker 2: to that, rather than taking an anti histamine to just
Speaker 2: suppress any kind of response.
Speaker 1: Katie Grant wants to know are bees actually more attracted
Speaker 1: to bright yellow clothing? I wear a safety vest for
Speaker 1: work and was told that an orange vest won't attract
Speaker 1: bees like a yellow one does.
Speaker 2: This is true in my own personal experience. When I
Speaker 2: wear my bright yellow coat, I do have bees land
Speaker 2: on me.
Speaker 5: Wow.
Speaker 3: Maybe it's because you look like pollen and I don't know.
Speaker 1: Okay, So we have learned a lot about honey bees
Speaker 1: and their homes. But what can they do if suddenly
Speaker 1: an intruder entered the nest? Well, this is bananas. I've
Speaker 1: read that bee species will gather in a ball and
Speaker 1: increase the local temperature in order to cook wasps and
Speaker 1: other invaders. Yes, Japanese hornets. So what is that mechanism?
Speaker 1: And how do they not cook themselves in the process.
Speaker 2: It's called bawling boom, yeah, appropriate, And so they will
Speaker 2: use their body heat to cook the predator.
Speaker 1: And what is your favorite thing about bees?
Speaker 3: I love this thing that they do called festooning.
Speaker 2: What, yeah, what is it? Festooning is when they're building
Speaker 2: new comb. So they have to work together to do this,
Speaker 2: and what they do is they join hands and they
Speaker 2: make this lovely little chain. And then bees gather together
Speaker 2: in the chain and they excrete the wax from their
Speaker 2: abdomen and they pass it up to the bees up top.
Speaker 2: So they are working together while in contact with each
Speaker 2: other to make this calm. What And they make the
Speaker 2: chain so that it's plumb to the earth so it's
Speaker 2: straight so they know and it's just and the calm
Speaker 2: when it's brand new is beautiful. It's very translucent. It's
Speaker 2: so delicate and perfect. Oh they make it perfect.
Speaker 1: So wow. Okay, we learned honeybees are not native to
Speaker 1: North America. Native bees are amazing too and need our help.
Speaker 1: Pollinator plants are the best, and queens don't get to
Speaker 1: eat bee bread.
Speaker 4: Ah.
Speaker 1: Now. To learn more about Mandy Shaw, you can follow
Speaker 1: her on Instagram and Twitter. She is being Mandy with
Speaker 1: two e's and being on both platforms, and to learn
Speaker 1: more about her, you can go to bellabeek dot com
Speaker 1: b e l l A b e e k dot com.
Speaker 1: She sells very stylish netted beekeeper bonnets that she makes
Speaker 1: and for all the sweet beehind the scenes on beekeeping,
Speaker 1: you can listen to her podcast it's called Beekeeper Confide.
Speaker 1: Those will all be linked in the show notes as
Speaker 1: well as the credits for all the great humans who
Speaker 1: work on the podcast. The Saucier nonsmologies version of melotology
Speaker 1: is also linked to the show notes in case you
Speaker 1: do not have any kiddos around. You can find more
Speaker 1: Smologies episodes at aliward dot com slash smologies. Those are
Speaker 1: all cut down, condensed versions that are g rated for
Speaker 1: kids and cleaned up. You can follow the podcast on
Speaker 1: Twitter and Instagram at Ologies I'm at ali Ward with
Speaker 1: one L on Twitter and Instagram. If you listen to
Speaker 1: the end of the episode, you know I share some
Speaker 1: advice like a cool uncle, and this week it is
Speaker 1: if mornings ever feel too hectic, I totally understand. Try
Speaker 1: to do as much as you can to get ready
Speaker 1: the night before, like pick out an outfit for school,
Speaker 1: maybe help make your lunch before you go to bed,
Speaker 1: pack your book bag all up, and then getting out
Speaker 1: the door will be much easier when you don't have
Speaker 1: to make a bunch of decisions and gather your stuff
Speaker 1: when you still feel too sleepy. So I hope that
Speaker 1: helps it helps me sometimes. Okay, until next time, smallogites,
Speaker 1: Bye bye, m.
Speaker 7: Old Yeah, trology, h smologies, slog
Speaker 3: Smilogies, Nice be, keep persuit