WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.200 --> 00:00:03.160 Hi, there, Andrew Dunkley again the host of the Space 2 00:00:03.240 --> 00:00:06.679 Nuts podcast, and we are happy to bring you yet 3 00:00:06.679 --> 00:00:10.160 another episode. This is a Q and A episode where 4 00:00:10.199 --> 00:00:13.599 we'll be answering questions about the life that they think 5 00:00:13.640 --> 00:00:17.800 they may have found. Possibly could be Dono on K two, A, 6 00:00:17.920 --> 00:00:23.320 D and B, gravity and gravitons, the Swan comet and 7 00:00:23.519 --> 00:00:27.079 hopefully not the Swan song comet. Boom boom and fake news. 8 00:00:27.120 --> 00:00:30.960 That's all coming up in this episode of Space Nuts fifteen, 9 00:00:32.479 --> 00:00:44.000 Channel ten nine ignition Space Nuts or three two space notes. 10 00:00:45.159 --> 00:00:45.920 It sure does. 11 00:00:46.159 --> 00:00:49.439 And with me as always his professor, Fred W. Whatt's 12 00:00:49.439 --> 00:00:50.679 an astronomer at large. 13 00:00:50.679 --> 00:00:55.000 Hello Fred, Hello Andrew, Nice to see you again, must. 14 00:00:54.960 --> 00:00:55.679 See you too. 15 00:00:55.920 --> 00:00:59.280 Yes, still sort of getting back down to Earth because 16 00:01:00.039 --> 00:01:03.399 I mean two minutes with the last every day rank 17 00:01:04.120 --> 00:01:08.680 so still getting over the jet lag, but that'll that'll pass. 18 00:01:09.159 --> 00:01:11.680 Didn't get seasick, I didn't mention that before in the 19 00:01:11.719 --> 00:01:13.959 last I didn't get seasick at all. There were I 20 00:01:13.959 --> 00:01:15.680 think we only had one day where we hit some 21 00:01:15.840 --> 00:01:19.480 big swells and the captain came on and said, as 22 00:01:19.560 --> 00:01:22.280 you can see, the seas are rather. 23 00:01:23.560 --> 00:01:24.319 Busy today. 24 00:01:24.400 --> 00:01:30.560 Those waves fourteen feet fourteen feet him in four ways. 25 00:01:31.879 --> 00:01:35.079 You have board with me at the time, so not 26 00:01:35.120 --> 00:01:39.000 that you need one where I live, but yeah, it was, 27 00:01:38.799 --> 00:01:41.400 it was. It was a good ship, very nice ship, 28 00:01:41.760 --> 00:01:46.400 very good staff. Had a great time. And yeah, I 29 00:01:47.599 --> 00:01:51.599 won't go through all the things we did, but I. 30 00:01:51.599 --> 00:01:55.319 Will point out one thing, nothing to do with astronomy, 31 00:01:55.319 --> 00:01:59.000 but we've been to Las Vegas before fifteen years ago 32 00:01:59.799 --> 00:02:04.040 and we were you know, it's a sensory overload men. 33 00:02:04.079 --> 00:02:05.799 A couple of days there and you just can't wait 34 00:02:05.840 --> 00:02:06.280 to get out. 35 00:02:06.359 --> 00:02:09.800 It's just that it's just so in your face. We 36 00:02:09.840 --> 00:02:13.319 went back this time, and we didn't say it to 37 00:02:13.360 --> 00:02:15.719 each other until after we left, but we both felt 38 00:02:15.719 --> 00:02:19.919 the same that it's lost some of its mystique. And 39 00:02:20.039 --> 00:02:22.360 I put that down to the fact that a lot 40 00:02:22.400 --> 00:02:26.080 of the casinos had all sorts of. 41 00:02:26.039 --> 00:02:28.080 Things to try and get people. 42 00:02:27.759 --> 00:02:31.759 In, like the Magic Garden and dolphin pools and white 43 00:02:32.000 --> 00:02:38.439 lions and MGM Casino had lions in the casino living 44 00:02:38.479 --> 00:02:43.879 in I don't know, habitats that were built into the 45 00:02:43.919 --> 00:02:47.639 structure of the casino complex. It was really quite impressive. 46 00:02:47.719 --> 00:02:56.039 And notwithstanding what the animal rights activists probably that's all gone. Oh, 47 00:02:56.599 --> 00:02:58.479 most of that's gone. You know what they put in 48 00:02:58.520 --> 00:03:06.240 their place sports bars. You walk into a giant room 49 00:03:06.719 --> 00:03:11.800 that has umpteen televisions covering the space of a theater 50 00:03:11.960 --> 00:03:16.080 screen and just lists and lists of odds and a 51 00:03:16.120 --> 00:03:20.560 bar with ten thousand different kinds of drinks and people 52 00:03:20.639 --> 00:03:23.439 just sitting there betting on the whatever. Any sport you 53 00:03:23.439 --> 00:03:25.520 can think of. Ice hockey I think was the flavor 54 00:03:25.560 --> 00:03:29.120 of the muss while we were there. Yeah, and we 55 00:03:29.199 --> 00:03:30.319 just walked away and went. 56 00:03:30.439 --> 00:03:33.039 Gee, that's sad. It's sad. 57 00:03:34.039 --> 00:03:37.439 It's just and the one of the big casinos there 58 00:03:37.439 --> 00:03:40.000 called the Mirage is gone. 59 00:03:41.000 --> 00:03:41.719 It's just gone. 60 00:03:41.840 --> 00:03:45.759 There's just flat ground there. They've completely demolished it and 61 00:03:45.800 --> 00:03:48.560 they're going to replace it with a hard rock you've 62 00:03:48.560 --> 00:03:50.120 heard of hard rock cafe. They're going to have a 63 00:03:50.159 --> 00:03:56.879 hard rock you know. Okay, unbelievable, but yeah, anyway, that's 64 00:03:56.879 --> 00:03:59.360 beside the point. We've got some questions to get to Fred, 65 00:04:00.879 --> 00:04:03.000 and we might as well get stuck straight into it. 66 00:04:03.199 --> 00:04:05.280 I'm going to read them all today because I've been 67 00:04:05.319 --> 00:04:08.159 away and I cleared the decks. So if you've got questions, 68 00:04:08.280 --> 00:04:11.159 send them in because I have absolutely wiped the slate clean. 69 00:04:11.599 --> 00:04:13.680 If they had a question in and we didn't answer it. 70 00:04:13.759 --> 00:04:17.680 That's on me. Send me your hate mail because I'm 71 00:04:17.720 --> 00:04:22.519 starting from scratch fresh material from next Q and a 72 00:04:22.600 --> 00:04:26.560 episode onwards, So send them in via our website. So 73 00:04:26.720 --> 00:04:32.600 first one from Martin Berman Gorvyn of Potomac, Maryland. Hello, 74 00:04:33.360 --> 00:04:37.240 Space Nuts. That's what I won't do it author and 75 00:04:37.560 --> 00:04:41.199 write extraordinary us about the recent buzz surrounding the possible 76 00:04:41.240 --> 00:04:45.920 detection of life on exoplanet K to eighteen B. Specifically 77 00:04:46.399 --> 00:04:50.079 do mental SULFI did I say that right? Which could 78 00:04:50.120 --> 00:04:53.600 be a bio signature, and while acknowledging it's too early 79 00:04:53.639 --> 00:04:56.160 to draw any big conclusions, but that hasn't stopped the 80 00:04:56.199 --> 00:04:59.720 popular press. I threw that in not Martin. Martin playfully 81 00:04:59.720 --> 00:05:04.439 wonder if life is found there, might they grant asylum 82 00:05:04.480 --> 00:05:08.079 to a struggling American sci fi writer disillusioned with. 83 00:05:08.160 --> 00:05:16.319 Earth away with words he does now. 84 00:05:16.360 --> 00:05:18.319 I know, I know you covered K two A d 85 00:05:18.439 --> 00:05:23.199 n B the other day with with Heidi, but there's 86 00:05:23.240 --> 00:05:25.759 been has there been any more information about it? 87 00:05:26.680 --> 00:05:32.399 I think what's happened is it's basically caused a lot 88 00:05:32.480 --> 00:05:38.720 of serious reflection among the science community and the philosophy 89 00:05:38.759 --> 00:05:44.319 community as well, who have muscled into this with quite 90 00:05:44.439 --> 00:05:48.800 quite you know understandably as to what we're really doing here, 91 00:05:48.879 --> 00:05:51.439 what we're looking for when we when we're looking for 92 00:05:52.000 --> 00:05:55.240 evidence of alien life. And I think there are two 93 00:05:55.720 --> 00:05:59.720 aspects of this. One is, first of all, there is 94 00:05:59.759 --> 00:06:07.920 still some doubt about the actual detection of these compounds, 95 00:06:07.959 --> 00:06:10.560 these molecules, that there are. 96 00:06:10.480 --> 00:06:11.839 Two of them that have been found. 97 00:06:12.279 --> 00:06:15.560 They so the authors claim that the authors come from 98 00:06:15.600 --> 00:06:22.519 the US and the UK. Dimethyl sulfide and dimethyle die sulfide, 99 00:06:23.000 --> 00:06:27.360 those are the two which on Earth are products of 100 00:06:27.959 --> 00:06:35.160 the environment caused by phytoplantum, those little microbes. 101 00:06:34.480 --> 00:06:35.279 That live in water. 102 00:06:36.759 --> 00:06:41.879 And the authors of the paper have drawn a few 103 00:06:42.800 --> 00:06:46.399 strings here. This is a world that's actually bigger than Earth. 104 00:06:46.560 --> 00:06:50.920 It's about eight point six times the mass of the Earth, 105 00:06:50.920 --> 00:06:54.560 about two point six times the diameter of Earth. And 106 00:06:55.079 --> 00:06:58.600 the authors believe that this is something called the Heyshien 107 00:06:58.720 --> 00:07:02.720 world and the Hyshen world. It's a great word actually 108 00:07:03.879 --> 00:07:07.680 is an amalgamation of hydrogen and ocean. It's basically an 109 00:07:07.680 --> 00:07:11.639 ocean world with a hydrogen atmosphere. It's been called the 110 00:07:11.680 --> 00:07:16.480 Hyshen world. We think they exist and the authors of 111 00:07:16.480 --> 00:07:19.040 this paper think that they've got evidence to suggest that 112 00:07:20.639 --> 00:07:23.680 K two eighteen B is actually a hyphen world. Now 113 00:07:23.680 --> 00:07:26.680 there are other authors who've stepped in and said, wait 114 00:07:26.720 --> 00:07:28.680 a minute, we think it's too hot for that. We 115 00:07:28.720 --> 00:07:33.000 think it's you know, it's got volcanic activity and it's 116 00:07:33.120 --> 00:07:34.839 not a world with an ocean at all. 117 00:07:35.160 --> 00:07:36.759 So that's a moot point. 118 00:07:36.920 --> 00:07:41.519 But the detection of these of these chemicals, the DMS 119 00:07:41.600 --> 00:07:45.120 is it's called and dmds the abbreviations for them because 120 00:07:45.120 --> 00:07:53.040 it's too hard to say methyl sulfide. There are those 121 00:07:53.240 --> 00:07:57.040 detections themselves are in some doubt because there are the 122 00:07:57.120 --> 00:08:00.680 confidence level. Yes it's ninety nine point seven percent certain, 123 00:08:01.199 --> 00:08:03.879 but that's not the pretty well one hundred percent that 124 00:08:03.920 --> 00:08:07.759 science demands, and so there's still uncertainty about that. 125 00:08:07.800 --> 00:08:09.399 So that's one aspect. 126 00:08:09.079 --> 00:08:13.680 That maybe this is a mis identification of features in 127 00:08:13.720 --> 00:08:17.079 the spectrum of the atmosphere of K two eighteen B. 128 00:08:17.920 --> 00:08:19.560 But the other side of it is. 129 00:08:21.160 --> 00:08:24.639 One of two people have pointed out that these chemicals 130 00:08:24.680 --> 00:08:30.800 have been detected in the gaseous envelopes of comets. 131 00:08:32.159 --> 00:08:33.320 Now on Earth. 132 00:08:33.440 --> 00:08:37.000 Yes, they only come from biological activity, but where they're 133 00:08:37.000 --> 00:08:40.000 going to come from on a comet whose temperature is 134 00:08:40.080 --> 00:08:43.879 minus two hundred degrees celsius. It's so there's got to 135 00:08:43.960 --> 00:08:48.919 be chemical reactions that are independent of life that will 136 00:08:49.600 --> 00:08:54.000 that will actually generate these what have been called biomarkers. 137 00:08:54.519 --> 00:08:57.120 And so the question is are they biomarkers at all? 138 00:08:58.240 --> 00:09:03.519 Or is it are we just at straws. Do you 139 00:09:03.559 --> 00:09:05.279 know that one of the one of the articles I read, 140 00:09:05.480 --> 00:09:08.919 I really like the term. It was something to the 141 00:09:09.080 --> 00:09:13.200 fact that we've been hunting for needles in a haystack, 142 00:09:13.399 --> 00:09:16.399 and is this just a particularly sharp piece of hay 143 00:09:16.480 --> 00:09:20.559 that they've found, And that could be the case, very 144 00:09:20.639 --> 00:09:24.639 nicely put. And so that's where the philosophers have come 145 00:09:24.679 --> 00:09:27.200 in and said, you know, we really we have no 146 00:09:27.320 --> 00:09:32.960 idea what alien life might look like, and to sort 147 00:09:32.960 --> 00:09:37.919 of in many ways blinker ourselves so that we're only 148 00:09:37.960 --> 00:09:41.080 looking for things that have found on Earth that are 149 00:09:41.320 --> 00:09:45.720 markers of biological activity, maybe we have to be looking 150 00:09:46.360 --> 00:09:49.399 much broader, in a much broader sense. Now people have 151 00:09:49.440 --> 00:09:51.679 said this for a long time, but I think this 152 00:09:51.799 --> 00:09:58.200 particular discovery has really heightened the concentration of a philosopher's 153 00:09:58.279 --> 00:10:02.200 coming in on this. There's a very interesting article on 154 00:10:02.720 --> 00:10:06.039 the Conversation and its title is scientists claim to have 155 00:10:06.080 --> 00:10:10.080 found evidence of alien life, but biosignatures might hide more 156 00:10:10.080 --> 00:10:13.440 than they reveal. And that comes from a scientist who 157 00:10:13.519 --> 00:10:18.799 is actually a PhD candidate in the philosophy of biology 158 00:10:19.480 --> 00:10:23.360 at Sydney University. So this is philosophy rather than science. 159 00:10:23.399 --> 00:10:27.240 But it's a scientific article, and it makes the point 160 00:10:27.720 --> 00:10:29.720 that maybe what we should be looking for is not 161 00:10:29.799 --> 00:10:31.879 life as we know it, but life as we don't 162 00:10:31.919 --> 00:10:34.320 know it is, because it could be different. 163 00:10:34.799 --> 00:10:40.279 Yes, we've talked about that before that I suppose logically 164 00:10:40.360 --> 00:10:43.360 make assumptions that life elsewhere might just be like it 165 00:10:43.399 --> 00:10:46.759 is on Earth, but it might be so alien to 166 00:10:46.840 --> 00:10:50.879 us we probably wouldn't even notice it exactly what we're 167 00:10:50.919 --> 00:10:51.399 looking for. 168 00:10:52.799 --> 00:10:54.639 On the other hand, you know, the other side of 169 00:10:54.639 --> 00:10:57.440 this coin is all we can look for is biosignatures 170 00:10:57.440 --> 00:11:00.480 as we think we interpret them from Earth. So we've 171 00:11:00.480 --> 00:11:04.639 got a few interesting steps to take here. So I 172 00:11:04.639 --> 00:11:08.080 think that the K two eighteen B story has yet 173 00:11:08.519 --> 00:11:10.600 to run quite a long way. I think there'll be 174 00:11:10.600 --> 00:11:14.039 more observations of it, maybe with the James Web, but 175 00:11:14.159 --> 00:11:18.519 certainly with the the ELT when that comes on stream. 176 00:11:18.559 --> 00:11:20.200 The thirty nine meter optical. 177 00:11:19.840 --> 00:11:24.639 Telescope that will probably give us a much firmer view 178 00:11:24.679 --> 00:11:28.320 of whether dms and dmds are actually in the atmosphere. 179 00:11:28.600 --> 00:11:30.480 But the philosophy of what we're looking for, I think 180 00:11:30.559 --> 00:11:32.960 is perhaps almost the more interesting aspect of this. 181 00:11:33.720 --> 00:11:37.000 It kind of reminds me of the recent discovery that 182 00:11:37.039 --> 00:11:40.919 they announced about the atmosphere of Venus. Yes, and that 183 00:11:41.080 --> 00:11:45.200 was ultimately debunked, but I think it's been underbunked again. 184 00:11:45.279 --> 00:11:46.120 Yes it was. 185 00:11:46.240 --> 00:11:49.080 Yeah, that's right, but it's still very very controversial. 186 00:11:49.279 --> 00:11:53.840 Yeah, indeed, but again that was phosphine, wasn't it. 187 00:11:53.840 --> 00:11:58.279 It was, But once again, phosphine is only a biomarker 188 00:11:58.360 --> 00:12:00.600 under certain circumstances. 189 00:12:00.519 --> 00:12:03.360 And you know that's the thing. 190 00:12:03.759 --> 00:12:06.320 It may just there maybe natural causes of it in 191 00:12:06.399 --> 00:12:10.120 the in the atmosphere of Venus. It's the same situation. 192 00:12:10.200 --> 00:12:17.440 It was, first of all, a very perhaps adventurous identification 193 00:12:17.519 --> 00:12:20.039 of a chemical that you've found because the data really 194 00:12:20.039 --> 00:12:24.399 don't match up to it yet. That coupled with the 195 00:12:24.399 --> 00:12:26.480 fact that there may be other ways that this this 196 00:12:26.720 --> 00:12:28.399 compound can be can be formed. 197 00:12:29.200 --> 00:12:31.000 No, this is fascinating. I was just reading some of 198 00:12:31.039 --> 00:12:33.840 the headlines of the of the major outlets that have 199 00:12:34.320 --> 00:12:37.480 latched onto this story. And it goes to what Fenton 200 00:12:37.600 --> 00:12:41.120 is asking us about it that one till last because 201 00:12:41.159 --> 00:12:44.720 it's a favorite topic at the moment, so we'll we'll 202 00:12:44.720 --> 00:12:47.639 get into that. But and that Venus story pops up 203 00:12:47.679 --> 00:12:51.679 in the list of fake news stories. But it fake 204 00:12:51.720 --> 00:12:54.559 news is a terrible way to describe it. That these 205 00:12:54.600 --> 00:12:58.320 would probably genuine attempts to come up with theories and ideas, 206 00:12:58.399 --> 00:13:02.720 and some of them miss the mark. So fake news 207 00:13:02.840 --> 00:13:05.240 is I don't know who popularized that, but anyway, we'll 208 00:13:05.240 --> 00:13:07.879 carry on, Martin help me you know who it was. 209 00:13:07.960 --> 00:13:12.159 Thank you, Martin. Great to hear from you. Different, unusual, 210 00:13:13.159 --> 00:13:17.559 but always welcome. Let's take a short break from the 211 00:13:17.559 --> 00:13:21.879 show to tell you about our sponsor, Insta three sixty. Now, 212 00:13:22.159 --> 00:13:25.200 as you know, particularly if you follow me on Facebook 213 00:13:25.279 --> 00:13:29.799 or Instagram, I love taking photos. On our recent trip, 214 00:13:29.879 --> 00:13:32.519 I was just in photo heaven. I always look for 215 00:13:32.559 --> 00:13:35.799 the perfect shot. 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This is about gravity and gravitons. 271 00:17:13.279 --> 00:17:17.359 The Higgs particle generates the field gives other particles mass. 272 00:17:17.559 --> 00:17:21.599 Gravity is a property of mass directly proportional to the 273 00:17:21.640 --> 00:17:24.319 mess of an object. In other words, why do we 274 00:17:24.440 --> 00:17:28.920 need another particle, as in a graviton to provide gravity. 275 00:17:29.799 --> 00:17:30.640 That's a good one. 276 00:17:30.960 --> 00:17:33.440 It is, Yes, it is a good one, and certainly 277 00:17:34.319 --> 00:17:40.039 the particle physicists do see these as two completely separate things. 278 00:17:42.039 --> 00:17:48.960 The Higgs particle was proposed as being something that the 279 00:17:49.000 --> 00:17:51.960 other particles needed back in I think it was nineteen 280 00:17:52.000 --> 00:17:54.559 sixty six or nineteen sixty seven by Peter Higgs at 281 00:17:54.640 --> 00:17:57.559 the University of Edinburgh, who I think he died only 282 00:17:57.559 --> 00:18:02.000 a couple of years ago if I remember rightly, and 283 00:18:02.079 --> 00:18:05.960 I mean the graviton has it's still a it's still 284 00:18:06.000 --> 00:18:11.640 a hypothetical particle, but but it's different from what the 285 00:18:11.720 --> 00:18:16.559 Higgs does. The way to interpret the Higgs is very 286 00:18:16.599 --> 00:18:22.160 much as the particle that as exactly as James says, 287 00:18:22.160 --> 00:18:26.079 it generates the field that gives particles mass, and the 288 00:18:26.119 --> 00:18:31.880 field it's like a force field. The way I read 289 00:18:31.880 --> 00:18:36.880 a lovely interpretation of of of this that if you 290 00:18:36.920 --> 00:18:40.759 imagine some you know, something like a marble moving around 291 00:18:41.559 --> 00:18:47.079 in space, then it's it's moving freely and you you 292 00:18:47.200 --> 00:18:50.039 don't really have anything to sense its mass. But if 293 00:18:50.039 --> 00:18:52.799 you put it in a jar of treacle or honey, 294 00:18:54.200 --> 00:18:58.119 then the treacle or the honey actually mimics the Higgs 295 00:18:58.200 --> 00:19:02.960 field and it provides a resistance which is proportional to 296 00:19:03.039 --> 00:19:06.799 the mass of the particle. And so the Higgs particle, 297 00:19:07.839 --> 00:19:10.200 you know, this is my understanding of it. I'm not 298 00:19:10.240 --> 00:19:12.480 a particle physicist, and I don't think I'm explaining this 299 00:19:12.680 --> 00:19:15.960 particularly well, but it has a different function from what 300 00:19:16.039 --> 00:19:18.880 the hypothetical gravity graviton has. 301 00:19:18.680 --> 00:19:20.240 Which would be. 302 00:19:21.640 --> 00:19:24.720 Transmitting another field, the field of gravity that's a field 303 00:19:24.720 --> 00:19:29.319 as well. 304 00:19:26.119 --> 00:19:26.200 But. 305 00:19:28.200 --> 00:19:34.079 Would have different characteristics from the Higgs particle providing the gravitation. 306 00:19:34.599 --> 00:19:36.759 I suspect James is not going to be convinced by 307 00:19:36.799 --> 00:19:40.160 my explanation here because his question why do we need 308 00:19:40.200 --> 00:19:43.839 another particle to provide gravity? All I'm saying is that 309 00:19:43.880 --> 00:19:47.960 gravity is a different thing from the Higgs field, and 310 00:19:48.039 --> 00:19:51.880 so we need another particle for it. But I hope 311 00:19:51.880 --> 00:19:55.160 you will take that and perhaps, James, you know, follow 312 00:19:55.240 --> 00:19:57.279 up on some of the on some of the stuff 313 00:19:57.319 --> 00:19:59.680 you can find online that really talks about the difference 314 00:19:59.680 --> 00:20:02.079 between these particles. 315 00:20:02.440 --> 00:20:03.799 Yeah. 316 00:20:04.079 --> 00:20:06.400 I was just going to say, the first thing I'd 317 00:20:06.440 --> 00:20:09.200 google will be what's the difference between the Higgs particle 318 00:20:09.240 --> 00:20:10.039 and the grubbytot? 319 00:20:11.039 --> 00:20:13.119 Done? Nut had time, But that's right. 320 00:20:14.039 --> 00:20:20.279 And Peter Higgs died last year? Was last year, yea 321 00:20:20.720 --> 00:20:24.960 April tenth, so just over yeares, Yes, much missed. 322 00:20:24.960 --> 00:20:27.319 He was a great man, Yes, indeed he was. 323 00:20:28.519 --> 00:20:31.480 Thank you, James. This is space Nuts. You're with Andrew 324 00:20:31.519 --> 00:20:36.839 Dunkley and Professor Fred what's an Now A word from 325 00:20:36.839 --> 00:20:41.000 our sponsor Nord VPN, and I've spoken to him many 326 00:20:41.039 --> 00:20:45.519 times about NORD products and the benefits of a virtual 327 00:20:45.599 --> 00:20:50.279 private network. 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That'sed vpn dot com slash space nuts 366 00:23:03.079 --> 00:23:06.599 and don't forget the keyword space nuts when you go 367 00:23:06.640 --> 00:23:10.759 to the checkout. So check it out today. Ignored vpn 368 00:23:10.920 --> 00:23:13.160 dot com slash space nuts. 369 00:23:13.920 --> 00:23:14.880 Now back to the show. 370 00:23:15.559 --> 00:23:21.400 Okay, we tacked a space nuts. Next question comes from Ted. 371 00:23:21.720 --> 00:23:26.920 No known location, no known abode. It reminds me, though, Fred, 372 00:23:26.960 --> 00:23:30.799 when we know I have this. This is not a 373 00:23:30.799 --> 00:23:32.920 reflection on on Ted at all. But when we were 374 00:23:32.920 --> 00:23:35.559 in Las Vegas, I was walking across the street and 375 00:23:35.599 --> 00:23:38.680 there was a homeless guy in a wheelchair on the 376 00:23:38.720 --> 00:23:40.880 opposite side, and I was walking straight towards him, and 377 00:23:40.920 --> 00:23:43.559 he had a sign and next to a bottle for 378 00:23:43.599 --> 00:23:46.319 people to put in tips. And you read the sign 379 00:23:46.559 --> 00:23:51.240 and honestly, I can't say it because it is it's 380 00:23:51.279 --> 00:23:55.400 got a nasty word in it, but it was something 381 00:23:55.480 --> 00:23:59.200 word trump and you can figure it out for yourself. 382 00:23:59.400 --> 00:24:01.599 But if you read with him, you gave him a tip. 383 00:24:01.720 --> 00:24:05.319 If you didn't, you just kept walking. So it's a 384 00:24:05.440 --> 00:24:08.839 rich man. He had quite a few, quite a few 385 00:24:09.400 --> 00:24:16.359 painfuls of change. But yeah, that's beside the point. But Ted, 386 00:24:16.519 --> 00:24:19.240 Ted wants to know. I've been observing the swan comment 387 00:24:19.319 --> 00:24:22.759 every morning for the last few days. Please discuss this. 388 00:24:22.920 --> 00:24:25.160 If you have not already done so, well, I'm going 389 00:24:25.200 --> 00:24:27.440 to ask you anyway, Fred, because I was interested in it. 390 00:24:28.680 --> 00:24:29.920 What's the latest. 391 00:24:30.279 --> 00:24:34.519 Yeah, it's we haven't discussed it already, so it's it's 392 00:24:34.519 --> 00:24:38.920 a it's a timely A timely question from Ted. Great 393 00:24:38.960 --> 00:24:42.400 to hear Ted that you've been observing it, because it's 394 00:24:42.480 --> 00:24:46.200 not an easy object to observe. It's it's quite faint. 395 00:24:46.240 --> 00:24:49.400 It's certainly below a naked eye visibility. Its full name 396 00:24:49.440 --> 00:24:54.119 is C twenty twenty five F two Swans And it's 397 00:24:55.240 --> 00:25:00.160 a morning object at the moment. I haven't observed it. 398 00:25:01.279 --> 00:25:05.680 I am not a morning person because astronomers aren't generally 399 00:25:06.039 --> 00:25:08.440 unless there's an object likes one that they really want 400 00:25:08.480 --> 00:25:15.240 to see. But yes, it's it's an interesting object because 401 00:25:15.480 --> 00:25:18.920