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<v Speaker 1>Oh hey, up top.

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<v Speaker 2>So this is an encore version of one of my

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<v Speaker 2>favorite recordings I've ever done. This was such an experience.

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<v Speaker 2>I'm going to take you to a lab down many

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<v Speaker 2>many corridors in New York.

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<v Speaker 1>This guest, Oh the stories.

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<v Speaker 2>I just want to sit in like an old mariner's

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<v Speaker 2>bar and glug disgusting things out of glasses and hear

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<v Speaker 2>all of her stories. Anyway, I hope you enjoy this.

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<v Speaker 2>This is an encore because I'm having some medical stuff.

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<v Speaker 2>I had to have surgery this week, so I am

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<v Speaker 2>doctor's orders laying low. But there is a new secret

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<v Speaker 2>at the end, So listen to it again because it's

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<v Speaker 2>a great episode. And then I'm going to hit you

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<v Speaker 2>with a secret at the end that's new. Okay, Oh hey,

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<v Speaker 2>it's that second cousin who tries to talk to you

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<v Speaker 2>about sports stats and can't read that you don't care.

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<v Speaker 2>Ali Ward here with another episode of Ologies. So this

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<v Speaker 2>episode it's so amazing. I think you will find it

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<v Speaker 2>equivalent to like a bag of jellybeans that you've selected

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<v Speaker 2>out of the bulk bins, where there's not a single

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<v Speaker 2>bean in a flavor you don't enjoy. It's just pure

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<v Speaker 2>delight and some of the best long form storytelling I

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<v Speaker 2>have ever heard. I just I set up the mics,

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<v Speaker 2>I forced a world respected ologist to talk into them,

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<v Speaker 2>and I interjected occasionally with some gasps. She's amazing. Before

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<v Speaker 2>we get to that feast, let's do some formalities. Let's

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<v Speaker 2>tuck our napkins into our collar, if you will. Thank

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<v Speaker 2>you to all the folks who have logged into patreon

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<v Speaker 2>dot com slash ologies to donate a buck or more

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<v Speaker 2>a month to support the show, and that helps me

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<v Speaker 2>pay a wonderful editor, Hi Stephen, and lets me continue

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<v Speaker 2>doing this, which it's my favorite thing to do. So

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<v Speaker 2>thank you for that. Thank you to everyone who gets

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<v Speaker 2>merch at ologiesmerch dot com. There's some really great ball

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<v Speaker 2>college sweatshirts, backpacks, are up, bird patterned mugs, just a

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<v Speaker 2>whole mess of awesome. Thank you also to listeners who

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<v Speaker 2>rate and subscribe. You guys keep ologies in the front

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<v Speaker 2>of new eyeballs and ear holes, growing this kind of

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<v Speaker 2>curious cult of ologites, and especially think you're the ones

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<v Speaker 2>who take a minute to review because I am I'm

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<v Speaker 2>nothing if not creepy, and you know I read them

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<v Speaker 2>all and then I present you with a still moist one,

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<v Speaker 2>such as this review from vsk Stark, who says this

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<v Speaker 2>podcast is amazing in so many ways, and then they

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<v Speaker 2>say some nice stuff about me that I'm too embarrassed

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<v Speaker 2>to read aloud, and then also say the editing is

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<v Speaker 2>genius and the content I would say is juicy spicy learning.

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<v Speaker 2>It brings a smile to my day when I commute.

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<v Speaker 2>I highly recommend it juicy spicy learning. I think we

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<v Speaker 2>might need a sweatshirt that says juicy spicy learning. Am

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<v Speaker 2>I right, we'll work on it. Okay, Onto theology. Functional morphology.

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<v Speaker 2>That's a lot of syllables. What in a sam hell

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<v Speaker 2>does it mean? Well, pretty much means the study of

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<v Speaker 2>form and function, So the anatomy of an organism, and

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<v Speaker 2>then what the hell that anatomy does? So like, why

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<v Speaker 2>do we have eyelashes? What's up with the little headstool

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<v Speaker 2>things on top of a jura face? Why do some

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<v Speaker 2>animals get to have so many stomachs and butts?

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<v Speaker 3>Why?

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<v Speaker 2>So? I originally heard of this ologist and I thought, okay,

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<v Speaker 2>whale scientist her bio on Twitter says whale scientist she

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<v Speaker 2>is the foremost expert on carving up Sometimes explosively decomposing

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<v Speaker 2>whales on beaches worldwide. But I learned thrillingly that she

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<v Speaker 2>deals with so much more than whales. So this is

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<v Speaker 2>not the satology or whale episode. We'll get to that

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<v Speaker 2>in the future a differentologist. This one functional morphology. We

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<v Speaker 2>cover way more than that. So she's an anatomist who

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<v Speaker 2>compares all kinds of species to each other to see

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<v Speaker 2>what's similar and what's different between them, why they work

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<v Speaker 2>and how and how maybe it can help us. So

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<v Speaker 2>she's a professor at the Center for Anatomy and Functional

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<v Speaker 2>Morphology and Department of Medical Education at Mount Sinai in Manhattan,

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<v Speaker 2>New York. She has appeared on Sex in the Wild

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<v Speaker 2>on the British Channel four show Inside Nature's Giants, which

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<v Speaker 2>also airs on PBS, where she dissected a hippo, a giraffe,

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<v Speaker 2>a fin whale, a crocodile, a giant squid, polar bear,

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<v Speaker 2>so much more. And she's on Mythical Beasts, which is

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<v Speaker 2>an eight episode series premiering October fourteenth on Science Channel.

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<v Speaker 2>It's all about the fabled creatures like cyclops and vampires

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<v Speaker 2>and sea monsters and dragons and where we got the

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<v Speaker 2>idea for them. She's amazing. So I met up with

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<v Speaker 2>her at Mount Sinai Hospital in Manhattan and we went

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<v Speaker 2>through this labyrinth of halls. We headed through a door

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<v Speaker 2>labeled functional morphology to her office and then set up

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<v Speaker 2>shop in the breakroom next to a tray of muffins

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<v Speaker 2>I wanted to eat. So you won't hear the muffins

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<v Speaker 2>because muffins are silent, and I did not eat them.

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<v Speaker 2>But you might hear the occasional din of a co

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<v Speaker 2>worker chatting as they passed, which is kind of like

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<v Speaker 2>you're right there in the breakroom with us, but without

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<v Speaker 2>access to the muffins, this human person can spin a yarn.

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<v Speaker 2>I loved it. Please sit back and enjoy tales that

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<v Speaker 2>are porchworthy, like whiskey around a campfire, legend grade stories.

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<v Speaker 2>As you also pick up the hows and whys of

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<v Speaker 2>deconstructing animals that have passed into the great beyond. You'll

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<v Speaker 2>hear about whale hands and pickled primates and run ins

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<v Speaker 2>with danger and tarps and tools and art and fainting

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<v Speaker 2>and the winding road that led this ologist.

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<v Speaker 1>To her perfect job. So prepared to be.

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<v Speaker 2>Enthralled and inspired by functional morphologists anatomist. Doctor Joy Rodenberg's

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<v Speaker 2>Oh no, no worries. I do so much editing, so

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<v Speaker 2>you can pretty much confess to murder and I'll cut

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<v Speaker 2>it out. And now, in functional morphology, would you say

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<v Speaker 2>that you're a functional morphologist or would you.

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<v Speaker 1>Say that you're a setologist? She studies whales.

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<v Speaker 3>I actually would call myself a comparative anatomist. Oh so

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<v Speaker 3>I wouldn't use either word. Okay, you know that doesn't

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<v Speaker 3>have the ology.

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<v Speaker 2>I know, but.

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<v Speaker 3>I do study anatomy of lots of different animals, and

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<v Speaker 3>whales are just one of my favorite animals to look

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<v Speaker 3>at because they're so weird.

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<v Speaker 1>They are crazy weird. Let's go back.

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<v Speaker 2>Tell me when you got so interested in animal anatomy,

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<v Speaker 2>and are you also interested in human anatomy? Or when

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<v Speaker 2>did like when did the bug cutting stuff up and

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<v Speaker 2>look at stuff?

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<v Speaker 1>Getcha?

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<v Speaker 3>So that's a multi prong question, so I'll have to

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<v Speaker 3>give you a multi pronged answer. Bring it on, all right, So,

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<v Speaker 3>first of all, I am interested in human anatomy, or

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<v Speaker 3>I wouldn't be at a medical center, right, So it's

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<v Speaker 3>it's definitely one of our most interesting animals we can

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<v Speaker 3>look at in the world. Are humans because humans are

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<v Speaker 3>so incredible adapted for things that other animals can't do,

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<v Speaker 3>starting with what we're doing right now, language speech, Hey,

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<v Speaker 3>you know, the ability to produce the speech sounds is

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<v Speaker 3>uniquely human. You get lots of animals that get close,

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<v Speaker 3>but they're not the same. They can't make the full

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<v Speaker 3>range of owwls that we can make. So our anatomy

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<v Speaker 3>in the area of the throat is really spectacularly different

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<v Speaker 3>from all other animals. And we can get into that

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<v Speaker 3>if you want. But they are an interesting animal into themselves.

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<v Speaker 3>And then of course there's a whole range of other animals.

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<v Speaker 3>So how did I get into it? Well, I don't

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<v Speaker 3>know how long is this interview?

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<v Speaker 2>I know.

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<v Speaker 3>I have to stay. It really probably started before I

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<v Speaker 3>knew that anatomy was a discipline. I had no idea

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<v Speaker 3>that you could cut up things, look inside and call

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<v Speaker 3>that a career. That seemed to be the kind of

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<v Speaker 3>thing that was relegated to horror films, right, you know,

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<v Speaker 3>So it wasn't really thought of as a career for me,

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<v Speaker 3>you know, And probably that started with when I was

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<v Speaker 3>a kid. I just I loved getting close to animals. Really,

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<v Speaker 3>they wanted to learn as much as I could about nature.

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<v Speaker 3>The problem was that animals ran away from you. So yeah,

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<v Speaker 3>you really couldn't look at them up gloves unless they

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<v Speaker 3>were your pets. Now, of course, I'm not going to

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<v Speaker 3>cut up with a pet. I love pets. You know

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<v Speaker 3>that they have to have their their places a pet

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<v Speaker 3>and belive and be with you, and you can cuddle

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<v Speaker 3>them and all that fun stuff. But the animals in nature,

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<v Speaker 3>they were also alive and fun and cuddly, but you

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<v Speaker 3>wouldn't stay with you unless you tried to cuddle them,

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<v Speaker 3>and they'd bite you. So that wasn't a great interaction.

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<v Speaker 3>But everywhere, once in a while you got a chance

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<v Speaker 3>to get really close to them if it was dead,

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<v Speaker 3>because it wasn't going to run away. So you know,

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<v Speaker 3>one of the biggest arguments used to have my parents

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<v Speaker 3>was whether or not it was allowed to touch the roadkill.

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<v Speaker 3>I love this woman, so there I would be, you know,

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<v Speaker 3>fascinated with whatever it is that fell on the ground,

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<v Speaker 3>you know, dropped out of a tree, or got you know,

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<v Speaker 3>or got run over by a car. Whatever I could

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<v Speaker 3>find that was in some capacity left where I could

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<v Speaker 3>find it. I wanted to I wanted to see it.

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<v Speaker 3>I wanted to learn more about it.

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<v Speaker 1>Did you carry gloves with you?

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<v Speaker 3>As I didn't know what gloves were you kidding? My

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<v Speaker 3>cat would come home with a chipmunk and I would

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<v Speaker 3>take the dead chipmunk that had left on the front

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<v Speaker 3>doorstep and I would hide it from my parents so

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<v Speaker 3>they wouldn't know I was looking at it. And I

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<v Speaker 3>took the skin off the chipmunk and I saved it.

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<v Speaker 3>I didn't have a tan skin I was. I was like,

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<v Speaker 3>I want to learn all about it. And you know,

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<v Speaker 3>back then, it wasn't the Internet to look it up

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<v Speaker 3>and figure it out. I'd like get books out on

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<v Speaker 3>things like that. And I tried tanning the skin of

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<v Speaker 3>this chipmunk, and I thought this would be awesome. It's

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<v Speaker 3>got this you know, racing stripes on it. You know,

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<v Speaker 3>it's really cool looking.

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<v Speaker 1>It's already dead.

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<v Speaker 3>It's yeah, I can't hurt it. It's already dead, right,

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<v Speaker 3>And I had done a really great job, and I

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<v Speaker 3>was like so excited because I was going to use

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<v Speaker 3>this chipmunk for as a saddle blanket for one of

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<v Speaker 3>my toy horses.

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<v Speaker 1>That's pretty locate.

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<v Speaker 3>So that was like I thought this was really legit

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<v Speaker 3>and I had I'd hit in a specific place in

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<v Speaker 3>a wooden blocks in our yard, and I came out

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<v Speaker 3>later to check on it a couple days later, and

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<v Speaker 3>a raccoon had taken it. And I only know that

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<v Speaker 3>because I saw the footprints, so I was like, oh man,

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<v Speaker 3>so frustrated.

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<v Speaker 2>So side note, I just learned that raccoons are incredibly smart.

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<v Speaker 2>They remember tasks years after learning them, which is more

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<v Speaker 2>than I can say for myself. And also, their name

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<v Speaker 2>in Spanish is derived from an Aztec phrase meaning the

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<v Speaker 2>one who takes everything in its hands. So next time

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<v Speaker 2>you're making a tiny saddle out of a fresh dead chipmunk,

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<v Speaker 2>watch out for them because they are lurking in the

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<v Speaker 2>trees at dusk waiting for your back to be turned.

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<v Speaker 2>Don't freak out though. Also if you wish there was

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<v Speaker 2>a holiday to celebrate raccoons internationally, well boy howdy, it

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<v Speaker 2>was October first, So now you have a whole year

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<v Speaker 2>to make felted bandit masks and learn how to scratch

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<v Speaker 2>up palm trees using only your overgrown toenails. Okay, anyway,

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<v Speaker 2>Joey's childhood, so that's how.

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<v Speaker 3>My dventure would often go. But then I just covered fishing.

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<v Speaker 3>I really liked fishing. I thought fish are really amazing

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<v Speaker 3>looking animals. They're so hydrodynamically shaped, and then they have

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<v Speaker 3>all these interesting colors. You know, mammals are pretty boring

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<v Speaker 3>when it comes to colorless birds and fish. Well, they've

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<v Speaker 3>got it, yeah, they do.

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<v Speaker 2>They do have it going on, and they've got crazy mouths,

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<v Speaker 2>and some of them have big lips, some of them

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<v Speaker 2>have no lips.

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<v Speaker 3>Like the giant eyes that never close, and these fins

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<v Speaker 3>that come out of nowhere that did just open up

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<v Speaker 3>like a Chinese fan.

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<v Speaker 1>And I love that.

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<v Speaker 3>I just really really loved that. And so I would

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<v Speaker 3>go fishing and my dad would agree to take me

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<v Speaker 3>fishing because it was on the way to taking my

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<v Speaker 3>brother to race go carts because it was at the

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<v Speaker 3>same place at the beach. So I would hang out

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<v Speaker 3>on the dock fishing. Well, they would race ghost carts

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<v Speaker 3>and I'd come home with all the stinky, smelly things,

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<v Speaker 3>and he would tolerate it as long as I fillaid

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<v Speaker 3>all the fish, okay, And later he would even take

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<v Speaker 3>me out. We got a small boat, and he w'd

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<v Speaker 3>go out in the boat and he would get madly

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<v Speaker 3>seasick because he would sit there read the newspaper the

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<v Speaker 3>whole time, which is not what you do on a

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<v Speaker 3>rocking boat. But again, he would tolerate all this as

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<v Speaker 3>long as I would deal with all the fish. And

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<v Speaker 3>so I was happy to do that, because you know,

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<v Speaker 3>we're going to cook them and we're going to waste them.

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<v Speaker 3>But I got very distracted flying fish.

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<v Speaker 2>You know.

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<v Speaker 3>I'd open up the fish and then I would be, wow,

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<v Speaker 3>look at these feathery red things. What are these things?

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<v Speaker 3>Of course there were gills, but I didn't know what

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<v Speaker 3>they were. And then the intestines, like wow, the spaghetti

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<v Speaker 3>just keeps on going, and the muscles were like in

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<v Speaker 3>dou W's. I thought that was the weirdest thing. Of

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<v Speaker 3>the muscles zigzag back and forth. And I'd sit there

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<v Speaker 3>forever playing with the skeleton. After i'd fully the meat up,

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<v Speaker 3>like wow, you know, and my mother would be screaming

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<v Speaker 3>from the from the kitchen, Get on with it. We

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<v Speaker 3>want to eat. And that was my introduction to anatomy.

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<v Speaker 3>But I didn't know that was a career r. So

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<v Speaker 3>I'm sorry it's not the cliff notes version.

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<v Speaker 1>No, I love it, Are you kidding?

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<v Speaker 3>Bring it on so fast forward? I want to I

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<v Speaker 3>want to go to college, but I don't really know

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<v Speaker 3>what I want to do, and my dad is and

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<v Speaker 3>are trying to advise me, and my dad in particular said, well,

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<v Speaker 3>you should really know what career you want, so you

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<v Speaker 3>can pick a college that's really tailored to what you

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<v Speaker 3>want to do for your career. That was pretty stage

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<v Speaker 3>advice coming from parents who hadn't gone to college. And

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<v Speaker 3>it was again, it wasn't a thing where you can

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<v Speaker 3>look up on the internet and find all this, so

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<v Speaker 3>you have to wait for the brochures to come in

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<v Speaker 3>the mail and read them and then right away for

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<v Speaker 3>more material, or actually go and visit the places, which

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<v Speaker 3>is really hard to do. Some of them were pretty

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<v Speaker 3>far away. We didn't have the resources to go fly

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<v Speaker 3>over to different places. So I remember reading about a

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<v Speaker 3>lot of them and still being very confused, not knowing

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<v Speaker 3>what I wanted to do. Because what kid in the

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<v Speaker 3>eleventh grade or even early twelfth grade knows exactly what

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<v Speaker 3>they want to do. I mean, some people might have

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<v Speaker 3>a good idea that I want to be a firefighter

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<v Speaker 3>or a police officer or a ballerina. I just wanted

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<v Speaker 3>to play with animals. My dad would say no, one's

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<v Speaker 3>going to pay you to play with the animals. So

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<v Speaker 3>I kept thinking, Okay, you know, maybe you know. And

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<v Speaker 3>I'm a smart kid too. I'm doing really well in school.

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<v Speaker 3>I'm in the top five percent of my class, and

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<v Speaker 3>I'm thinking, Okay, what am I going to do all

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<v Speaker 3>this information? Right now? I want to be a dog walker.

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<v Speaker 3>I'm trying to do something more beids.

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<v Speaker 1>You can't see inside the dogs.

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<v Speaker 3>Well that's true, but I remember I didn't know seeing

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<v Speaker 3>inside was the ultimate goal. It just was a way

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<v Speaker 3>to get close to the animals, to understand more about them.

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<v Speaker 3>I was just as fascinated with the outside and like

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<v Speaker 3>behaviors too. It's just they didn't do that when they

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<v Speaker 3>were dead, so I only I can only do what

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<v Speaker 3>I could do when I get that close. The rest

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<v Speaker 3>of the time, I'd sped at the window, glued to

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<v Speaker 3>the window, watching birds at the bird feeder or wherever.

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<v Speaker 3>You know. I was always watching the animals and catching

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<v Speaker 3>snakes and bringing them home, and catching pollywogs from the

301
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<v Speaker 3>pond and putting it in a tank and raising frogs

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<v Speaker 3>out of that. You know. It just I loved all

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<v Speaker 3>of that nature stuff. My mother thought I was like crazy,

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<v Speaker 3>I come home with a snake on each arm? Can

305
00:14:51.840 --> 00:14:54.519
<v Speaker 3>I keep them? As long as it fits in the tank.

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00:14:54.559 --> 00:14:56.840
<v Speaker 3>You can keep whatever you want. So I had tank

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<v Speaker 3>this all over the garage.

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<v Speaker 1>That's so I would have been such good friends. You're

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<v Speaker 1>kidding me.

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<v Speaker 2>We once put a dead snake with a ken head

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<v Speaker 2>on it in the freezer to surprise my grandma.

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<v Speaker 1>I can not go over well, but we loved it.

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<v Speaker 1>But yeah, I get it now.

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<v Speaker 3>It started to sound a little bit like that that

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<v Speaker 3>kid next door and toy story.

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<v Speaker 1>Oh no, you guys don't get it to you.

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<v Speaker 2>Once we go into cit house, we won't be coming out.

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<v Speaker 2>We didn't like my grandma very much, but we love

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<v Speaker 2>dead snakes. My grandma was not a nice person anyway,

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<v Speaker 2>back to her backstory, which I.

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<v Speaker 3>Love so Harry. I'm talking with my dad about this

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<v Speaker 3>and he says, well, you really need to figure out

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<v Speaker 3>your career, and he hands me the yellow pages of

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<v Speaker 3>the phone book. You know, back then it was actually

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00:15:42.240 --> 00:15:45.799
<v Speaker 3>a book. Yeah, thing online, and you know we up

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00:15:45.879 --> 00:15:47.399
<v Speaker 3>until then. I used it as a high chair for

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00:15:47.440 --> 00:15:49.000
<v Speaker 3>me to sit on so I could reach the table.

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<v Speaker 3>It wasn't really something we looked in very often. But

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00:15:52.759 --> 00:15:56.879
<v Speaker 3>that's where you'd find things like plumbers and electricians and whatever,

330
00:15:57.000 --> 00:16:01.200
<v Speaker 3>you know, pizza joints and whatever. And so I'm flipping

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<v Speaker 3>through this Yellow Pages because to him, every career was

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<v Speaker 3>in the Yellow Pages.

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<v Speaker 1>That's a good I mean, that was a good resource

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00:16:06.639 --> 00:16:07.039
<v Speaker 1>back then.

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00:16:07.159 --> 00:16:09.759
<v Speaker 3>It was because there again, it wasn't the Internet. We

336
00:16:09.799 --> 00:16:12.120
<v Speaker 3>couldn't look things up. This was the one place where

337
00:16:12.120 --> 00:16:14.320
<v Speaker 3>everything was accumulated. As far as my dad knew, that

338
00:16:14.399 --> 00:16:15.360
<v Speaker 3>was a career.

339
00:16:15.159 --> 00:16:17.639
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, or the classifieds, which is I would look in the.

340
00:16:18.240 --> 00:16:19.000
<v Speaker 3>More boring yeah.

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<v Speaker 2>No. Quick question. When was the Internet invented? I didn't know,

342
00:16:23.600 --> 00:16:25.639
<v Speaker 2>so I did look it up now in nineteen eighty

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<v Speaker 2>three by a Connecticut chap named Vint Surf Vint Cerf.

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<v Speaker 2>That sounds like what happens when you're playing a really

345
00:16:35.360 --> 00:16:37.759
<v Speaker 2>shitty hand of scrabble and someone bursts in and says, hey,

346
00:16:37.759 --> 00:16:40.600
<v Speaker 2>what should I name this king? Anyway, he is one

347
00:16:40.639 --> 00:16:43.919
<v Speaker 2>of the main inventors of the infrastructure of the Internet,

348
00:16:43.919 --> 00:16:47.159
<v Speaker 2>but it wasn't until nineteen ninety when Sir Timothy Berners

349
00:16:47.240 --> 00:16:51.279
<v Speaker 2>Lee his friends call him tim bl no joke, invented

350
00:16:51.399 --> 00:16:54.240
<v Speaker 2>the World Wide Web and decided to just give it

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00:16:54.279 --> 00:16:58.639
<v Speaker 2>away for free. Thus missing out of literally trillions of

352
00:16:58.679 --> 00:17:02.639
<v Speaker 2>dollars of money, like he could have owned Earth. But

353
00:17:02.720 --> 00:17:04.680
<v Speaker 2>he was like, hey, man, I just want people to

354
00:17:04.680 --> 00:17:08.160
<v Speaker 2>pass around photos of moths who are randy for lamps

355
00:17:08.240 --> 00:17:10.880
<v Speaker 2>during a time when justice seems out of reach. Thanks

356
00:17:10.920 --> 00:17:15.680
<v Speaker 2>timbel Anyway, Joyett was leaping through physical paper and yellow pages,

357
00:17:16.079 --> 00:17:17.839
<v Speaker 2>browsing for her future.

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<v Speaker 3>And I'm looking through and what am I not saying.

359
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<v Speaker 3>I'm not saying anatomist. I'm not sing comparative anatomist. I'm

360
00:17:23.240 --> 00:17:26.799
<v Speaker 3>not sing biologists. I'm not seeing scientists, not saying researcher.

361
00:17:27.200 --> 00:17:30.640
<v Speaker 3>I'm not saying professor. I did see doctor, but only

362
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<v Speaker 3>medical doctors.

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<v Speaker 2>Right.

364
00:17:32.359 --> 00:17:34.799
<v Speaker 3>I did think eventually I was going to get to

365
00:17:34.920 --> 00:17:36.960
<v Speaker 3>z and I would be happy because I'd get to zoo.

366
00:17:38.599 --> 00:17:40.440
<v Speaker 3>Maybe it'd be a zoo keeper. Right, So I got

367
00:17:40.480 --> 00:17:42.759
<v Speaker 3>a lot of pages to flip through. I got pretty

368
00:17:42.759 --> 00:17:46.640
<v Speaker 3>far along. When I got to veterinarian I thought, oh, okay,

369
00:17:47.440 --> 00:17:50.279
<v Speaker 3>maybe that's a career for me because it's animals, you know,

370
00:17:50.319 --> 00:17:52.559
<v Speaker 3>and they don't have to be dead animals. I did

371
00:17:52.680 --> 00:17:55.000
<v Speaker 3>have this thing about it. Stuff didn't need to be

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00:17:55.079 --> 00:17:57.279
<v Speaker 3>dead for me to be interested in it. Although I

373
00:17:57.319 --> 00:18:02.519
<v Speaker 3>did collect a lot of things, you know, shells, feathers, bones, rocks,

374
00:18:02.640 --> 00:18:07.640
<v Speaker 3>you know whatever I could collect, you know, eat nature stuff. Yeah, sure, everything,

375
00:18:08.200 --> 00:18:10.519
<v Speaker 3>So I thought veterinarians. I went to go intern for

376
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<v Speaker 3>a vet and my first day on the job, there

377
00:18:14.799 --> 00:18:16.079
<v Speaker 3>was a dog that had been hit by a car

378
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<v Speaker 3>and they were going to do an operation. And he

379
00:18:17.960 --> 00:18:20.039
<v Speaker 3>invited me to scrub in on this operation and showed

380
00:18:20.039 --> 00:18:22.279
<v Speaker 3>me how to scrub in. But I was basically just observing.

381
00:18:23.079 --> 00:18:25.599
<v Speaker 3>And I was really excited because I was going to

382
00:18:25.680 --> 00:18:28.799
<v Speaker 3>get to see this dog fixed. I was going to

383
00:18:28.839 --> 00:18:30.960
<v Speaker 3>get to see I don't mean newter, I mean yeah

384
00:18:31.079 --> 00:18:34.640
<v Speaker 3>fixed up. And the dog was, you know, definitely had

385
00:18:34.680 --> 00:18:37.359
<v Speaker 3>a terrible injury. And I thought, well, I'm going to

386
00:18:37.359 --> 00:18:40.799
<v Speaker 3>get city inside on this animal. That's pretty cool because

387
00:18:41.119 --> 00:18:43.440
<v Speaker 3>it's a living inside it and all the dead stuff

388
00:18:43.759 --> 00:18:46.680
<v Speaker 3>that I'd seen before. And I was so fascinated. I

389
00:18:46.720 --> 00:18:49.119
<v Speaker 3>was riveted. I was watching this, you know, wide eyed

390
00:18:49.160 --> 00:18:51.599
<v Speaker 3>and you know, totally full of wonder. And I started

391
00:18:51.599 --> 00:18:54.519
<v Speaker 3>to get lightheaded and I was like, what is happening.

392
00:18:55.000 --> 00:18:58.000
<v Speaker 3>I'm really interested in this. I'm not nausea's I'm not squeamish.

393
00:18:58.119 --> 00:18:59.839
<v Speaker 3>What is going on? And I started getting more and

394
00:18:59.839 --> 00:19:03.359
<v Speaker 3>more lightheaded, and I was so embarrassed, but I didn't

395
00:19:03.400 --> 00:19:05.799
<v Speaker 3>want to fall into the sterile surgical field, so I

396
00:19:05.839 --> 00:19:07.720
<v Speaker 3>told the veterinari and I was getting little light headed.

397
00:19:07.839 --> 00:19:10.079
<v Speaker 3>I thought, well, maybe the room is too warm, or

398
00:19:10.200 --> 00:19:13.200
<v Speaker 3>maybe I didn't need enough breakfast or something. What I

399
00:19:13.279 --> 00:19:16.599
<v Speaker 3>was having was called a vasovagel reaction, which is something

400
00:19:16.640 --> 00:19:19.799
<v Speaker 3>you absolutely can't control. It's essentially an autonomic discharge of

401
00:19:19.839 --> 00:19:23.920
<v Speaker 3>your nervous system that no one can predict. This is

402
00:19:24.000 --> 00:19:26.759
<v Speaker 3>going to happen, and no one really knows why it happens,

403
00:19:27.119 --> 00:19:28.759
<v Speaker 3>and then it goes away almost as fast as it

404
00:19:28.759 --> 00:19:29.119
<v Speaker 3>comes on.

405
00:19:29.640 --> 00:19:32.160
<v Speaker 2>I was so curious, why does this happen. It happens

406
00:19:32.200 --> 00:19:35.400
<v Speaker 2>technically when the vagus nerve is stimulated and it causes

407
00:19:35.400 --> 00:19:38.480
<v Speaker 2>this sudden drop and heart rate, and also maybe the

408
00:19:38.559 --> 00:19:42.119
<v Speaker 2>dilation of blood vessels and your legs, which causes blood

409
00:19:42.119 --> 00:19:45.000
<v Speaker 2>to pool there and away from your brain, causing you

410
00:19:45.160 --> 00:19:47.400
<v Speaker 2>to pass out. It can happen from standing too long,

411
00:19:47.480 --> 00:19:51.119
<v Speaker 2>or from heat exposure, stress, or the sight of blood.

412
00:19:51.440 --> 00:19:54.880
<v Speaker 2>I like to think that watching a veterinary operation inspired

413
00:19:55.000 --> 00:19:56.920
<v Speaker 2>this pitbull Kesha duet.

414
00:19:57.440 --> 00:19:59.759
<v Speaker 1>It's going down ye.

415
00:20:00.079 --> 00:20:05.519
<v Speaker 3>Anyway, but whatever, it's pretty incapacitating. So that was happening

416
00:20:05.559 --> 00:20:07.359
<v Speaker 3>to me, and I thought, I'm never going to be

417
00:20:07.359 --> 00:20:09.720
<v Speaker 3>able to be a veterinarian if I pass out when

418
00:20:09.759 --> 00:20:12.759
<v Speaker 3>I'm trying to do an operation. So the veterinarian sent

419
00:20:12.759 --> 00:20:14.759
<v Speaker 3>me out of the room, which I was very embarrassed about,

420
00:20:15.519 --> 00:20:17.680
<v Speaker 3>and later came to talk to me and said, you know,

421
00:20:17.759 --> 00:20:20.319
<v Speaker 3>don't let this go to your head, don't let this

422
00:20:20.559 --> 00:20:23.480
<v Speaker 3>deter you because it might just be a one time thing,

423
00:20:24.160 --> 00:20:25.960
<v Speaker 3>and explained what it was, what I was going through,

424
00:20:26.000 --> 00:20:28.400
<v Speaker 3>and I'm glad he gave me that second chance and

425
00:20:28.480 --> 00:20:31.000
<v Speaker 3>asked me to come back because I didn't ever have

426
00:20:31.079 --> 00:20:31.559
<v Speaker 3>that again.

427
00:20:32.240 --> 00:20:35.720
<v Speaker 2>Really, oh man, this is like the blissful happy ending

428
00:20:35.759 --> 00:20:38.759
<v Speaker 2>to a kid's movie. This is just the story America needed.

429
00:20:39.240 --> 00:20:42.319
<v Speaker 3>I never had it again. It was only once, and

430
00:20:42.400 --> 00:20:45.720
<v Speaker 3>I still don't exactly know why it happened, but I

431
00:20:45.759 --> 00:20:47.680
<v Speaker 3>think it has something to do with my brain trying

432
00:20:47.720 --> 00:20:50.920
<v Speaker 3>to process the idea that this dog was not feeling

433
00:20:50.960 --> 00:20:53.920
<v Speaker 3>pain because it was nesthetized but clearly had enough injuries

434
00:20:53.960 --> 00:20:56.720
<v Speaker 3>to feel a lot of pain. Yeah, and I kept thinking,

435
00:20:56.759 --> 00:20:58.400
<v Speaker 3>but that's got to be painful, but no, it's not

436
00:20:58.400 --> 00:21:00.000
<v Speaker 3>feeling it, but it's got to be painful, but it's

437
00:21:00.119 --> 00:21:02.359
<v Speaker 3>not feeling it. And that conflict kept going around around

438
00:21:02.400 --> 00:21:05.519
<v Speaker 3>in my head. Maybe that had something to do with

439
00:21:05.559 --> 00:21:08.440
<v Speaker 3>why I couldn't process what was happening. But maybe I

440
00:21:08.480 --> 00:21:10.279
<v Speaker 3>was just hyper excited about it all because I got

441
00:21:10.279 --> 00:21:11.039
<v Speaker 3>to see everything.

442
00:21:11.160 --> 00:21:12.799
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I mean that's like a big day. That's like

443
00:21:12.839 --> 00:21:16.839
<v Speaker 2>a lead up of so many animal bones and skeletons,

444
00:21:16.839 --> 00:21:19.799
<v Speaker 2>and you've already done field work pretty much like you know,

445
00:21:19.920 --> 00:21:22.839
<v Speaker 2>like amateur field work, and yeah, like that's a big day.

446
00:21:23.119 --> 00:21:25.359
<v Speaker 3>It was a very big experience and here I was

447
00:21:25.359 --> 00:21:26.599
<v Speaker 3>going to get to see it was going to be

448
00:21:26.640 --> 00:21:30.079
<v Speaker 3>controlled in at the setting where it was alive. There

449
00:21:30.119 --> 00:21:33.960
<v Speaker 3>was just so much happening. But I thought maybe I

450
00:21:33.960 --> 00:21:36.440
<v Speaker 3>couldn't be a veterinarian. But he convinced me otherwise that

451
00:21:36.480 --> 00:21:40.319
<v Speaker 3>I could. So I applied to Cornell University because they

452
00:21:40.359 --> 00:21:42.400
<v Speaker 3>had a VET school. I wasn't applying to VET school.

453
00:21:42.559 --> 00:21:45.960
<v Speaker 3>I just wanted the undergraduate part first, which is the

454
00:21:46.000 --> 00:21:48.519
<v Speaker 3>stepping stone you need to go to VET school. So

455
00:21:48.960 --> 00:21:51.880
<v Speaker 3>I got accepted at Cornell. I was very happy about that.

456
00:21:51.960 --> 00:21:52.720
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, that's a big deal.

457
00:21:53.000 --> 00:21:54.920
<v Speaker 3>It was a big deal, especially for my family where

458
00:21:54.920 --> 00:21:56.160
<v Speaker 3>I was the first one to go to college.

459
00:21:56.240 --> 00:21:57.279
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, you're like Ivy League.

460
00:21:57.279 --> 00:22:00.559
<v Speaker 2>Hello, But Joyce says, since it cost the same tuition,

461
00:22:01.000 --> 00:22:04.079
<v Speaker 2>she enrolled in the Arts and Sciences department because frankly,

462
00:22:04.319 --> 00:22:07.200
<v Speaker 2>she didn't know if she wanted to stay with science.

463
00:22:07.279 --> 00:22:10.599
<v Speaker 3>Because I'm also an artist. So there was another part

464
00:22:10.640 --> 00:22:12.920
<v Speaker 3>of me that I hadn't talked about, which is that

465
00:22:13.000 --> 00:22:15.960
<v Speaker 3>I am an artist, and I didn't really know which

466
00:22:15.960 --> 00:22:18.079
<v Speaker 3>career I wanted because if I wasn't going to be

467
00:22:18.119 --> 00:22:20.079
<v Speaker 3>a veterinarian, I was definitely going to go into art,

468
00:22:21.160 --> 00:22:23.480
<v Speaker 3>and not only an artist, but also a musicians. So

469
00:22:23.759 --> 00:22:25.880
<v Speaker 3>I'm definitely heavy on that side of the brain as well.

470
00:22:26.279 --> 00:22:28.839
<v Speaker 1>It sounds like both sides of your brain are very good.

471
00:22:29.440 --> 00:22:31.440
<v Speaker 3>That's why I could walk straight enough fall over right?

472
00:22:31.559 --> 00:22:37.880
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, heads up, that was an anatomy joke, Thank you.

473
00:22:37.960 --> 00:22:41.920
<v Speaker 3>Joy I majored in a science field, but I minored

474
00:22:42.000 --> 00:22:44.400
<v Speaker 3>in an art field, and so I was kind of

475
00:22:44.400 --> 00:22:48.000
<v Speaker 3>pursuing both in this college. And as I got closer

476
00:22:48.039 --> 00:22:49.440
<v Speaker 3>to graduation, I was trying to think, what kind of

477
00:22:49.519 --> 00:22:50.960
<v Speaker 3>job do I really want? Do I really want to

478
00:22:50.960 --> 00:22:53.440
<v Speaker 3>go to VET school? I thought that's what I was

479
00:22:53.480 --> 00:22:53.799
<v Speaker 3>set on.

480
00:22:54.160 --> 00:22:56.599
<v Speaker 2>So Joya was on track to be a vet. She

481
00:22:56.640 --> 00:22:59.160
<v Speaker 2>took four years of classes to prepare her for it,

482
00:22:59.440 --> 00:23:02.720
<v Speaker 2>but she started interviewing vets to ask about their lives

483
00:23:02.839 --> 00:23:06.279
<v Speaker 2>and found nope, nope, was not what she wanted to do.

484
00:23:06.559 --> 00:23:09.799
<v Speaker 2>Apparently it involves a lot of spay and neuter surgeries

485
00:23:09.920 --> 00:23:15.240
<v Speaker 2>and euthanasias, but more complex medical procedures are usually declined

486
00:23:15.279 --> 00:23:18.480
<v Speaker 2>by pet owners just because of cost. So this bummed

487
00:23:18.519 --> 00:23:22.400
<v Speaker 2>her out. She thought, maybe a wild animal vet. There's

488
00:23:22.440 --> 00:23:24.079
<v Speaker 2>not a lot of job openings in that field, so

489
00:23:24.119 --> 00:23:25.440
<v Speaker 2>she kept brainstorming, and.

490
00:23:25.440 --> 00:23:29.920
<v Speaker 3>Then I thought about what about farm vet work, you know, right?

491
00:23:29.960 --> 00:23:32.359
<v Speaker 3>And they said, well, most of that is vaccinating herds

492
00:23:32.400 --> 00:23:37.599
<v Speaker 3>of cattle. Oh it's like totally not into that. Yeah,

493
00:23:37.640 --> 00:23:40.559
<v Speaker 3>all right. So then there's this pro called aqua vet.

494
00:23:40.640 --> 00:23:42.559
<v Speaker 3>I thought, oh, that's where I belong because I really

495
00:23:42.559 --> 00:23:45.920
<v Speaker 3>love marine biology, because I still still never left that

496
00:23:46.000 --> 00:23:48.799
<v Speaker 3>fascination on fish. Right. Of course, I had actually, in

497
00:23:48.839 --> 00:23:51.240
<v Speaker 3>the interim, had worked for the Nationally Fishery Service, I'd

498
00:23:51.240 --> 00:23:54.279
<v Speaker 3>worked for the National Uceianic Society. I'd spent summer working

499
00:23:54.279 --> 00:23:58.359
<v Speaker 3>at the Bermuda Biological Station for research. I had done

500
00:23:58.359 --> 00:24:01.039
<v Speaker 3>a lot of marine oriented so it was very interested

501
00:24:01.079 --> 00:24:03.359
<v Speaker 3>in that. I wanted to be an aquivat. Now this

502
00:24:03.400 --> 00:24:07.960
<v Speaker 3>would be the veterinarian for all the aquariums or the oceanariums.

503
00:24:07.960 --> 00:24:09.839
<v Speaker 3>So cool, and you take care of their fish, you

504
00:24:09.880 --> 00:24:12.480
<v Speaker 3>take care of their dolphins. I was like, dolphins, totally, yeah,

505
00:24:12.519 --> 00:24:15.599
<v Speaker 3>I want to do that. But there was one aquivt

506
00:24:15.880 --> 00:24:19.640
<v Speaker 3>and one one for the whole northeast coast. What that

507
00:24:19.799 --> 00:24:20.000
<v Speaker 3>was it?

508
00:24:20.400 --> 00:24:24.240
<v Speaker 2>That's ridiculous. Even Pepsi has coke. I mean, come on,

509
00:24:25.000 --> 00:24:26.400
<v Speaker 2>you gotta have a little competition.

510
00:24:26.559 --> 00:24:28.559
<v Speaker 3>So I thought, I'm gonna have to wait for this

511
00:24:28.599 --> 00:24:31.000
<v Speaker 3>guy to retire before I'm going to have a career, right,

512
00:24:31.039 --> 00:24:33.160
<v Speaker 3>and he was still young at the time, so I

513
00:24:33.160 --> 00:24:35.799
<v Speaker 3>was like, Okay, that's probably not going to happen in

514
00:24:35.839 --> 00:24:36.519
<v Speaker 3>my lifetime.

515
00:24:37.400 --> 00:24:41.240
<v Speaker 2>She started exploring the art side and thought maybe medical illustrator.

516
00:24:41.559 --> 00:24:45.039
<v Speaker 2>So she talked to a medical illustrator who warned her

517
00:24:45.200 --> 00:24:48.039
<v Speaker 2>that it was frustrating as an artist because you're for hire.

518
00:24:48.160 --> 00:24:51.720
<v Speaker 2>You have to follow exactly what the client wants. Megabomber

519
00:24:51.799 --> 00:24:54.559
<v Speaker 2>for her and she didn't want to end up at say,

520
00:24:54.559 --> 00:24:58.440
<v Speaker 2>an ad agency, drawing nature for wine labels or car ads.

521
00:24:58.680 --> 00:25:01.559
<v Speaker 2>Wasn't her bag. Moved from science, so.

522
00:25:01.759 --> 00:25:02.759
<v Speaker 1>What was she to do?

523
00:25:03.400 --> 00:25:06.720
<v Speaker 3>But I still liked working with the anatomy. I started

524
00:25:06.720 --> 00:25:10.440
<v Speaker 3>really loving my anatomy courses, and I'd taken a comparative

525
00:25:10.440 --> 00:25:12.839
<v Speaker 3>anatomy course and then an advanced one at the VET school,

526
00:25:12.839 --> 00:25:14.440
<v Speaker 3>and so I thought, let me ask the instructor of

527
00:25:14.440 --> 00:25:17.480
<v Speaker 3>that course about his job. And I thought he was

528
00:25:17.519 --> 00:25:20.519
<v Speaker 3>a veterinarian, but it turned out he wasn't. I was

529
00:25:20.559 --> 00:25:23.240
<v Speaker 3>totally surprised by that. How could the chairman of anatomy

530
00:25:23.279 --> 00:25:27.799
<v Speaker 3>at the Veterinarian college not be a veterinarian, right, He's like, surprise, surprise,

531
00:25:27.839 --> 00:25:31.119
<v Speaker 3>I'm a PhD. Now. I was really confused, and I

532
00:25:31.119 --> 00:25:33.079
<v Speaker 3>did not grow up in an academic family, so I

533
00:25:33.119 --> 00:25:35.920
<v Speaker 3>really didn't understand what a PhD was. To me, it

534
00:25:35.960 --> 00:25:39.279
<v Speaker 3>was a doctor of philosophy, so it means you have

535
00:25:39.319 --> 00:25:43.519
<v Speaker 3>to philosophize, So was somebody in science. Philosophizing didn't make

536
00:25:43.519 --> 00:25:45.160
<v Speaker 3>any sense to me. So I really didn't get it in

537
00:25:45.160 --> 00:25:48.160
<v Speaker 3>the science world that it didn't seem to make a

538
00:25:48.200 --> 00:25:49.640
<v Speaker 3>lot of sense unless you were just going to talk

539
00:25:49.680 --> 00:25:52.160
<v Speaker 3>about the science. So like my biology professor, okay, I

540
00:25:52.200 --> 00:25:54.440
<v Speaker 3>get it. I didn't understand that until I spoke to

541
00:25:54.519 --> 00:26:00.599
<v Speaker 3>him and realized that, yeah, there are opportunities and exactly

542
00:26:00.640 --> 00:26:03.519
<v Speaker 3>what I love, which is anatomy. Because I didn't know

543
00:26:03.599 --> 00:26:05.279
<v Speaker 3>that you could do more. I figured it's all known,

544
00:26:05.279 --> 00:26:07.039
<v Speaker 3>it's all there, right right, Well I've seen it.

545
00:26:07.319 --> 00:26:09.480
<v Speaker 2>Oh god no, and then you realize, oh, they're still

546
00:26:09.559 --> 00:26:11.720
<v Speaker 2>cracking things open and being like, what is this little.

547
00:26:11.519 --> 00:26:12.279
<v Speaker 1>Foing you doing?

548
00:26:12.359 --> 00:26:15.240
<v Speaker 3>Do there? You go? So, so he said, you know,

549
00:26:15.359 --> 00:26:19.119
<v Speaker 3>you really belong in a research career. But I didn't

550
00:26:19.160 --> 00:26:22.960
<v Speaker 3>understand what that was. And he said, well, why don't

551
00:26:22.960 --> 00:26:24.920
<v Speaker 3>you do a summer work study with me? Because I

552
00:26:24.920 --> 00:26:27.519
<v Speaker 3>did do work study pay for college anyway, And so

553
00:26:27.559 --> 00:26:32.880
<v Speaker 3>he he had me working on this big jar of toadfish. No,

554
00:26:33.000 --> 00:26:34.880
<v Speaker 3>I like fish, but these these are ugly fish. But

555
00:26:34.920 --> 00:26:36.920
<v Speaker 3>I thought they were interesting because they kind of look

556
00:26:37.000 --> 00:26:40.839
<v Speaker 3>like a frog that didn't quite become a fish, quite

557
00:26:40.839 --> 00:26:43.799
<v Speaker 3>become a frog. And these have these giant biggie froggy

558
00:26:43.839 --> 00:26:47.599
<v Speaker 3>eyes and giant big froggy mouths and skin tags hanging

559
00:26:47.599 --> 00:26:49.599
<v Speaker 3>off with them that make them look like seaweed. You know,

560
00:26:49.920 --> 00:26:51.920
<v Speaker 3>they are ugly looking things.

561
00:26:52.319 --> 00:26:55.119
<v Speaker 2>Okay, quick aside. I just looked these creatures up and

562
00:26:55.160 --> 00:27:00.000
<v Speaker 2>they are gloriously unsightly. They have a wide, wordy looking

563
00:27:00.680 --> 00:27:04.599
<v Speaker 2>and a just massive downturned mouth with the expression of

564
00:27:04.720 --> 00:27:07.480
<v Speaker 2>like if jab of the hut lost a lot of

565
00:27:07.480 --> 00:27:11.799
<v Speaker 2>money playing the slots. Also, they are horny. So a

566
00:27:11.839 --> 00:27:15.440
<v Speaker 2>few years ago Monterey residents were just puzzled by this

567
00:27:15.599 --> 00:27:19.039
<v Speaker 2>low thrumming sound in the summer. It sounded kind of

568
00:27:19.119 --> 00:27:25.920
<v Speaker 2>like someone farting into a vinyl diner booth. But to

569
00:27:25.960 --> 00:27:29.640
<v Speaker 2>the toadfish that translates to just a sonnet of lust.

570
00:27:29.799 --> 00:27:32.279
<v Speaker 2>And I applaud them anyway, Joy dug them too.

571
00:27:32.640 --> 00:27:34.720
<v Speaker 3>But they had their own appeal to me.

572
00:27:34.839 --> 00:27:35.039
<v Speaker 2>You know.

573
00:27:35.079 --> 00:27:38.200
<v Speaker 3>They had these beautiful pectoral fins that they'd splay open

574
00:27:38.240 --> 00:27:40.160
<v Speaker 3>that looked like it had rainbows on them. It was

575
00:27:40.240 --> 00:27:44.720
<v Speaker 3>just gorgeous, you know, really pretty. And so these fish

576
00:27:44.839 --> 00:27:49.640
<v Speaker 3>were fascinating. And I spent forever drawing these fish, and

577
00:27:49.680 --> 00:27:51.000
<v Speaker 3>he said, I want you to cut them open and

578
00:27:51.079 --> 00:27:52.319
<v Speaker 3>draw what you see on the inside.

579
00:27:53.119 --> 00:27:53.279
<v Speaker 4>Oh.

580
00:27:53.359 --> 00:27:57.519
<v Speaker 3>I was in pig heaven. I loved it. I was

581
00:27:57.519 --> 00:28:00.000
<v Speaker 3>cutting up in these fish and I was making these drawings,

582
00:28:00.079 --> 00:28:02.200
<v Speaker 3>and he was going to use them in a dissection manual.

583
00:28:02.680 --> 00:28:05.160
<v Speaker 3>I thought, wow, it's like even useful, you know, I'm

584
00:28:05.160 --> 00:28:06.839
<v Speaker 3>not just having fun. And so I did that all

585
00:28:06.880 --> 00:28:09.599
<v Speaker 3>summer long, and then I asked him, you know, is

586
00:28:09.599 --> 00:28:12.000
<v Speaker 3>there like a career in doing stuff like this? And

587
00:28:12.039 --> 00:28:18.240
<v Speaker 3>he said, yeah, you could be an anatomist. He says,

588
00:28:18.279 --> 00:28:20.279
<v Speaker 3>that's what I am. I said, that's what you are.

589
00:28:21.039 --> 00:28:23.160
<v Speaker 3>I thought you were a veterinarian this whole time. Now

590
00:28:23.480 --> 00:28:27.599
<v Speaker 3>it's an anatomist. And then I discovered research and that's

591
00:28:27.599 --> 00:28:30.720
<v Speaker 3>what I really got into anatomy as a career, because

592
00:28:30.799 --> 00:28:32.759
<v Speaker 3>he said, you should go to graduate school, you should

593
00:28:32.759 --> 00:28:37.640
<v Speaker 3>become a researcher, because as a research scientist you have

594
00:28:37.759 --> 00:28:40.200
<v Speaker 3>the ultimate and creative freedom, which is what every artist

595
00:28:40.240 --> 00:28:42.599
<v Speaker 3>really wants, right, and you could focus it on the

596
00:28:42.640 --> 00:28:45.440
<v Speaker 3>animal stuff, which is what you really like. But the

597
00:28:45.480 --> 00:28:49.440
<v Speaker 3>best part about being a researcher is that you have

598
00:28:49.799 --> 00:28:52.680
<v Speaker 3>the ultimate creativity and that you can ask any question

599
00:28:52.799 --> 00:28:56.559
<v Speaker 3>in the world, any question, and you get to design

600
00:28:56.599 --> 00:28:57.680
<v Speaker 3>the experiment to answer it.

601
00:28:58.279 --> 00:29:02.640
<v Speaker 2>So this is what a functional more apologist slash anatomist does.

602
00:29:02.960 --> 00:29:07.000
<v Speaker 2>Joy had finally found her joy and she was getting

603
00:29:07.039 --> 00:29:10.680
<v Speaker 2>paid to poke at roadkill for the good of humanity.

604
00:29:10.960 --> 00:29:13.519
<v Speaker 3>And I have that Now, I have that creative freedom.

605
00:29:13.559 --> 00:29:19.559
<v Speaker 3>I can study anything anything, any animal, any part of

606
00:29:19.599 --> 00:29:23.559
<v Speaker 3>any animal, anything that's interesting to me about that. I

607
00:29:23.599 --> 00:29:26.680
<v Speaker 3>can delve into that and just get really down into

608
00:29:26.680 --> 00:29:28.759
<v Speaker 3>the nitty gritty and figure out how does it work,

609
00:29:28.799 --> 00:29:31.359
<v Speaker 3>why does it work? What's useful about knowing how it works?

610
00:29:32.039 --> 00:29:35.359
<v Speaker 3>So that's when I'd said, Okay, I'm in this is

611
00:29:35.400 --> 00:29:37.960
<v Speaker 3>the career for me. Yeah, that's when I realized that

612
00:29:38.000 --> 00:29:40.319
<v Speaker 3>I was going to be an anatomist. Before that, it

613
00:29:40.359 --> 00:29:45.440
<v Speaker 3>was just science, you know, terarian animal. But anatomist really

614
00:29:45.480 --> 00:29:47.559
<v Speaker 3>came in my senior year. That's when I realized that

615
00:29:48.000 --> 00:29:48.319
<v Speaker 3>And what.

616
00:29:48.400 --> 00:29:49.039
<v Speaker 1>Is it involved.

617
00:29:49.039 --> 00:29:52.000
<v Speaker 2>I mean, Nika, we're at a medical center, but as

618
00:29:52.000 --> 00:29:54.200
<v Speaker 2>an anatomist to people say hey, I need to figure

619
00:29:54.200 --> 00:29:56.880
<v Speaker 2>out what is going on with this antelope or this

620
00:29:57.000 --> 00:29:58.240
<v Speaker 2>whale or this person.

621
00:29:58.920 --> 00:30:01.400
<v Speaker 1>Let's ask Joy what's happening here?

622
00:30:01.559 --> 00:30:03.240
<v Speaker 3>So that does happen, but not so much at a

623
00:30:03.240 --> 00:30:06.039
<v Speaker 3>medical center for humans, of course, you know, because I'm

624
00:30:06.039 --> 00:30:08.039
<v Speaker 3>not in the area or people are company was saying,

625
00:30:08.079 --> 00:30:11.079
<v Speaker 3>how does this analoge work? Yeah, that might happen more

626
00:30:11.079 --> 00:30:14.039
<v Speaker 3>at a veterinary college, I think, and maybe that is

627
00:30:14.079 --> 00:30:18.279
<v Speaker 3>a bitter fit for what I know. But in a

628
00:30:18.279 --> 00:30:20.799
<v Speaker 3>medical center, I feel like I've edited another layer of

629
00:30:20.839 --> 00:30:23.799
<v Speaker 3>importance to my work because I can take information from

630
00:30:23.839 --> 00:30:26.400
<v Speaker 3>the animal world and bring it to people, and that's

631
00:30:26.480 --> 00:30:30.519
<v Speaker 3>essentially what I do so our lab. I kind of

632
00:30:30.680 --> 00:30:34.599
<v Speaker 3>joyfully call it the animal recycling Center because we get

633
00:30:34.640 --> 00:30:36.240
<v Speaker 3>everybody's leftover, so I don't have to go out and

634
00:30:36.319 --> 00:30:38.480
<v Speaker 3>kill the animals together and they're already dead. People give

635
00:30:38.480 --> 00:30:40.319
<v Speaker 3>it to us if they're you know, that's something dies

636
00:30:40.359 --> 00:30:42.400
<v Speaker 3>at a wildlife center, we get it. It dies in

637
00:30:42.440 --> 00:30:44.200
<v Speaker 3>the road, we could get it, dies on the beach,

638
00:30:44.319 --> 00:30:46.400
<v Speaker 3>we get it. It dies in a lab, someone's using

639
00:30:46.440 --> 00:30:49.720
<v Speaker 3>it for an experiment. We can also get that, too, cool,

640
00:30:49.759 --> 00:30:52.559
<v Speaker 3>So we get all kinds of leftovers from from wherever,

641
00:30:53.279 --> 00:30:57.240
<v Speaker 3>and the more exotic and more interesting the animal is

642
00:30:57.319 --> 00:31:01.119
<v Speaker 3>to me because the exotic animals are adapted to unique environments,

643
00:31:01.799 --> 00:31:06.519
<v Speaker 3>and these really weird environments. Some of them mimic human diseases.

644
00:31:07.480 --> 00:31:10.319
<v Speaker 3>So if we can understand how these animals can survive

645
00:31:10.440 --> 00:31:14.079
<v Speaker 3>in conditions that for us are harmful, we can copy

646
00:31:14.160 --> 00:31:16.799
<v Speaker 3>that adaptation and we can bring it back to people

647
00:31:16.920 --> 00:31:18.359
<v Speaker 3>as a treatment for their disease.

648
00:31:18.839 --> 00:31:20.079
<v Speaker 1>Like what kind of diseases?

649
00:31:20.519 --> 00:31:24.319
<v Speaker 3>Well, for example, emphasem is something I'm now getting very

650
00:31:24.319 --> 00:31:27.759
<v Speaker 3>interested in. We now call it chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

651
00:31:27.839 --> 00:31:29.079
<v Speaker 3>or COPD.

652
00:31:29.000 --> 00:31:34.079
<v Speaker 2>And CPOD can also mean chronic bronchitis, sometimes asthma. Either way,

653
00:31:34.440 --> 00:31:37.839
<v Speaker 2>if you enjoy breathing, it's not something you want. My

654
00:31:37.960 --> 00:31:40.319
<v Speaker 2>uncle Ron has it, and so of course I was

655
00:31:40.400 --> 00:31:44.799
<v Speaker 2>all oracles. That's how anatomus say, ears, Are you impressed?

656
00:31:45.000 --> 00:31:45.640
<v Speaker 1>I looked it up.

657
00:31:45.759 --> 00:31:49.519
<v Speaker 3>So this is a disease that takes away the stretchability

658
00:31:49.640 --> 00:31:52.880
<v Speaker 3>of the lungs. So the lungs become too floppy. It's

659
00:31:52.880 --> 00:31:55.640
<v Speaker 3>hard to get air back out of them. So this

660
00:31:56.000 --> 00:31:59.799
<v Speaker 3>elastic tissue is totally shot from exposure to whatever, smoking

661
00:31:59.920 --> 00:32:03.519
<v Speaker 3>or or whatever else. And so people who have that

662
00:32:03.599 --> 00:32:06.759
<v Speaker 3>problem they have trouble breathing out. So it was to

663
00:32:06.799 --> 00:32:08.799
<v Speaker 3>breathing in. They breathe in, but they can't get it

664
00:32:08.799 --> 00:32:10.839
<v Speaker 3>back out again because the way you exhale is your

665
00:32:10.920 --> 00:32:15.039
<v Speaker 3>lungs recoil because of their stretchy they're elastic like rubber bands.

666
00:32:15.559 --> 00:32:17.400
<v Speaker 3>So the only time you actually force your lungs is

667
00:32:17.440 --> 00:32:19.759
<v Speaker 3>when you blow out birthday cannals or blow up balloon.

668
00:32:19.960 --> 00:32:22.200
<v Speaker 3>The rest of the time you breathe out passively, and

669
00:32:22.240 --> 00:32:25.400
<v Speaker 3>not so for someone with COPD. They can't breathe out passively.

670
00:32:25.440 --> 00:32:26.200
<v Speaker 1>Oh I didn't know that.

671
00:32:26.559 --> 00:32:31.279
<v Speaker 3>Now there are animals whose lungs have various abilities to

672
00:32:31.359 --> 00:32:35.400
<v Speaker 3>change their compliance, which is their stretch ability. We don't

673
00:32:35.400 --> 00:32:37.880
<v Speaker 3>we have fixed stretch ability, and if you lose it

674
00:32:37.920 --> 00:32:40.079
<v Speaker 3>with a disease like this, you can't get it back.

675
00:32:41.039 --> 00:32:44.720
<v Speaker 3>So they are animals that can change their flexibility, particularly

676
00:32:44.720 --> 00:32:48.000
<v Speaker 3>diving animals like whales. Oh that makes sense, okay. So

677
00:32:48.079 --> 00:32:50.480
<v Speaker 3>as they encounter different pressures, they need different amounts of

678
00:32:50.480 --> 00:32:54.400
<v Speaker 3>stretchability and their lung tissue and their lungs have to

679
00:32:54.440 --> 00:32:58.440
<v Speaker 3>respond to recoiling because of the high pressures around them

680
00:32:58.599 --> 00:33:01.880
<v Speaker 3>without tearing or distorting and so on, and so there's

681
00:33:01.920 --> 00:33:04.279
<v Speaker 3>a lot of interesting biology going on when you deal

682
00:33:04.279 --> 00:33:07.359
<v Speaker 3>with pressure changes on the lungs or any gas containing space.

683
00:33:08.400 --> 00:33:11.519
<v Speaker 3>But if we can understand how these animals tissues respond

684
00:33:11.559 --> 00:33:15.880
<v Speaker 3>to the pressure changes and they can change their compliance

685
00:33:16.119 --> 00:33:19.160
<v Speaker 3>as they dive, maybe that ability to change the compliance

686
00:33:19.200 --> 00:33:21.640
<v Speaker 3>is what we need to take from that adaptation and

687
00:33:21.680 --> 00:33:23.279
<v Speaker 3>bring that into someone with mphyzema.

688
00:33:23.680 --> 00:33:27.440
<v Speaker 2>So an anatomist or functional morphologist looks at structures and

689
00:33:27.480 --> 00:33:30.400
<v Speaker 2>says that's tight. How can humans do that too? Like

690
00:33:30.599 --> 00:33:33.880
<v Speaker 2>the animal kingdoms and influencer and we're like, I love

691
00:33:33.920 --> 00:33:36.519
<v Speaker 2>your shorts, And then we figure out how to diy

692
00:33:36.599 --> 00:33:43.200
<v Speaker 2>them with biotech. So Joy cites another example gastro esophageal reflux,

693
00:33:43.559 --> 00:33:47.119
<v Speaker 2>which is also a great a bummer for those afflicted people.

694
00:33:46.839 --> 00:33:50.960
<v Speaker 3>Who are burping and regurgitating their food and the acid

695
00:33:51.039 --> 00:33:54.240
<v Speaker 3>is getting into their throat and it's irritating their larynx.

696
00:33:54.640 --> 00:33:56.960
<v Speaker 3>Can even get down into the lungs and cause asthma,

697
00:33:57.920 --> 00:34:00.319
<v Speaker 3>get into the back of the mouth and rode the

698
00:34:00.359 --> 00:34:02.839
<v Speaker 3>back of teeth. You know, your molars can be rolled

699
00:34:02.880 --> 00:34:04.839
<v Speaker 3>away from the acid. All lots of bad things happen

700
00:34:04.920 --> 00:34:08.320
<v Speaker 3>if you can't control that acid reflux. But there are

701
00:34:08.400 --> 00:34:11.960
<v Speaker 3>animals that regurgitate all the time and don't have these problems. Now,

702
00:34:12.000 --> 00:34:15.360
<v Speaker 3>maybe the luminance, yes, ruminance do it. Now, Maybe they've

703
00:34:15.400 --> 00:34:17.880
<v Speaker 3>already got rid of the acid opponent because they're dealing

704
00:34:17.880 --> 00:34:20.559
<v Speaker 3>with a multi chambered stomach and the acid digestions and

705
00:34:20.599 --> 00:34:24.159
<v Speaker 3>another part of the stomach. Okay, so they've decidified what

706
00:34:24.239 --> 00:34:26.880
<v Speaker 3>it is they're going to be bringing up. But they

707
00:34:26.920 --> 00:34:28.480
<v Speaker 3>also don't insult their larynx.

708
00:34:28.960 --> 00:34:33.719
<v Speaker 2>Colonel larynx, you have nothing but a nonsense spewing throat accordion.

709
00:34:34.519 --> 00:34:40.079
<v Speaker 3>Oh, every time the food comes up, it doesn't go

710
00:34:40.079 --> 00:34:41.880
<v Speaker 3>down the voice box and down the wrong pipe and

711
00:34:41.960 --> 00:34:44.599
<v Speaker 3>end up in their lungs, have them gagging and coughing

712
00:34:44.639 --> 00:34:46.559
<v Speaker 3>and having a you know, a sore throat kind of

713
00:34:46.639 --> 00:34:50.639
<v Speaker 3>you know voice. But they divert it around that opening

714
00:34:50.800 --> 00:34:52.960
<v Speaker 3>and they don't choke on it. How do they do that?

715
00:34:53.159 --> 00:34:55.239
<v Speaker 3>They essentially have a splash guard in the back of

716
00:34:55.280 --> 00:34:55.760
<v Speaker 3>their throat.

717
00:34:55.920 --> 00:34:57.199
<v Speaker 1>They have a splash guard.

718
00:34:57.360 --> 00:35:01.039
<v Speaker 3>Yes, we don't have that, so we regurgitate. It goes

719
00:35:01.079 --> 00:35:02.960
<v Speaker 3>right into the opening of the larynx. It causes all

720
00:35:03.039 --> 00:35:03.800
<v Speaker 3>kinds of problems.

721
00:35:04.039 --> 00:35:05.960
<v Speaker 2>I just love the idea of you looking starre eyed

722
00:35:05.960 --> 00:35:08.880
<v Speaker 2>at a cow being like, how do you not get

723
00:35:08.960 --> 00:35:10.519
<v Speaker 2>acid down your throat?

724
00:35:10.880 --> 00:35:13.400
<v Speaker 1>How do you do it? Like, tell me your secrets.

725
00:35:13.440 --> 00:35:17.199
<v Speaker 1>The cows like, well, I've got a splash Gud're so excited.

726
00:35:18.400 --> 00:35:20.320
<v Speaker 3>So these are the secrets that we try to find.

727
00:35:20.480 --> 00:35:22.599
<v Speaker 3>We look at animals that are diverse. They don't even

728
00:35:22.679 --> 00:35:25.119
<v Speaker 3>have to be all that exotic. Cattle are not that exotic.

729
00:35:25.639 --> 00:35:28.280
<v Speaker 3>But if you're looking at something that's different from a human,

730
00:35:28.400 --> 00:35:30.719
<v Speaker 3>it's got something that makes it different. We want to

731
00:35:30.719 --> 00:35:33.000
<v Speaker 3>know what that thing is and is this something useful

732
00:35:33.039 --> 00:35:36.400
<v Speaker 3>about that? So sometimes if we look at very weird

733
00:35:36.480 --> 00:35:38.960
<v Speaker 3>animals the weirder they are, the better because the more

734
00:35:39.159 --> 00:35:42.239
<v Speaker 3>likely they have some unusual adaptation that hasn't really been

735
00:35:42.320 --> 00:35:46.400
<v Speaker 3>fully explored. And being in a medical center, I'm prepared

736
00:35:46.480 --> 00:35:50.519
<v Speaker 3>by understanding this sort of you know, the whole human

737
00:35:50.599 --> 00:35:53.159
<v Speaker 3>condition and the various diseases that can happen or there's

738
00:35:53.159 --> 00:35:56.599
<v Speaker 3>injuries that can happen. So having that awareness, and most

739
00:35:56.599 --> 00:35:59.559
<v Speaker 3>of that's through my medical colleagues, Okay, teaching me about

740
00:35:59.559 --> 00:36:02.480
<v Speaker 3>it makes me a better prepared so that when I

741
00:36:02.519 --> 00:36:05.079
<v Speaker 3>see an animal with a weird adaptation, I already know

742
00:36:05.400 --> 00:36:06.760
<v Speaker 3>what that application is going to be.

743
00:36:07.000 --> 00:36:08.039
<v Speaker 1>Oh that's smart.

744
00:36:08.079 --> 00:36:11.960
<v Speaker 3>So I'm I'm prepared to find the fun things in

745
00:36:12.000 --> 00:36:14.119
<v Speaker 3>these animals that I then think can be developed into

746
00:36:14.159 --> 00:36:18.719
<v Speaker 3>a protective or a treatment, you know, device for people.

747
00:36:18.920 --> 00:36:22.000
<v Speaker 2>In your knowledge, you have a range of problems. So

748
00:36:22.039 --> 00:36:23.880
<v Speaker 2>it's kind of like a puzzle piece. Like when you

749
00:36:23.960 --> 00:36:26.440
<v Speaker 2>see the negative of that, you can go, ah, I

750
00:36:26.480 --> 00:36:27.000
<v Speaker 2>know where that.

751
00:36:26.880 --> 00:36:29.000
<v Speaker 3>Can go when I see it's one of those things, yeah.

752
00:36:29.159 --> 00:36:33.000
<v Speaker 2>Those like pornography, and when I see it, as they say, now,

753
00:36:33.079 --> 00:36:36.280
<v Speaker 2>how many different animals are you dissecting and studying like

754
00:36:36.760 --> 00:36:39.039
<v Speaker 2>on the daily or the weekly? Are you like I'm

755
00:36:39.039 --> 00:36:40.719
<v Speaker 2>on a real whale kick or is it like you

756
00:36:40.800 --> 00:36:42.480
<v Speaker 2>might get a raccoon in later today?

757
00:36:43.480 --> 00:36:45.119
<v Speaker 3>Later today, I'm expecting an ai.

758
00:36:47.639 --> 00:36:48.280
<v Speaker 1>It's been I.

759
00:36:48.880 --> 00:36:50.760
<v Speaker 3>It's a lemur from Madagascar?

760
00:36:50.800 --> 00:36:53.280
<v Speaker 1>Are you serious? Where is it coming from? From madagas?

761
00:36:53.400 --> 00:36:57.880
<v Speaker 3>Actually from well, this particular one is on loan from

762
00:36:57.920 --> 00:37:01.599
<v Speaker 3>Cornell University from a colleague of mine who was the

763
00:37:01.920 --> 00:37:04.280
<v Speaker 3>very same guy who gave me the toefish to di sect,

764
00:37:04.400 --> 00:37:09.440
<v Speaker 3>Doctor Howie Evans is his nineties. He's loaned me this

765
00:37:09.519 --> 00:37:11.840
<v Speaker 3>eye to look at and we've just finished getting it

766
00:37:12.079 --> 00:37:14.280
<v Speaker 3>MRI scanned, so it's supposed to come back up here

767
00:37:14.320 --> 00:37:18.199
<v Speaker 3>to later today after the scanning. And this II is

768
00:37:18.239 --> 00:37:22.039
<v Speaker 3>a really really rare lemur. And it was actually collected

769
00:37:22.039 --> 00:37:24.320
<v Speaker 3>in eighteen seventy five, and it was at the time

770
00:37:24.360 --> 00:37:27.719
<v Speaker 3>packaged in rum because they didn't have preserving fluids like

771
00:37:27.760 --> 00:37:28.400
<v Speaker 3>we have today.

772
00:37:28.559 --> 00:37:30.840
<v Speaker 1>Oh my god, that sounds.

773
00:37:30.519 --> 00:37:33.559
<v Speaker 3>Like that's so old and precious. This particular specimen.

774
00:37:33.199 --> 00:37:35.639
<v Speaker 1>Is damn and so it's pickled.

775
00:37:35.840 --> 00:37:37.199
<v Speaker 3>It's pickled like golden booze.

776
00:37:37.199 --> 00:37:38.239
<v Speaker 1>It sounds like a golden booze.

777
00:37:38.239 --> 00:37:39.960
<v Speaker 3>Well, now it's in alcohol, but it was, you know,

778
00:37:40.000 --> 00:37:44.199
<v Speaker 3>in normal preserving alcohols as opposed to know, some rum

779
00:37:44.239 --> 00:37:44.679
<v Speaker 3>that was on.

780
00:37:44.679 --> 00:37:47.960
<v Speaker 2>The ship, just like Bacardi, like spring Break that lemur

781
00:37:48.079 --> 00:37:51.000
<v Speaker 2>so hard, You're like, we put him in a Pina Colada,

782
00:37:51.079 --> 00:37:54.199
<v Speaker 2>but he's holding up five. And so you're gonna look

783
00:37:54.239 --> 00:37:57.280
<v Speaker 2>at an II later today or later this week.

784
00:37:57.679 --> 00:38:00.679
<v Speaker 3>Well, we're gonna look at the scans from it because

785
00:38:00.679 --> 00:38:02.239
<v Speaker 3>we can't open and we have to return at home.

786
00:38:02.239 --> 00:38:03.639
<v Speaker 3>But we are going to look at the scans from

787
00:38:03.639 --> 00:38:04.079
<v Speaker 3>this II.

788
00:38:04.360 --> 00:38:05.119
<v Speaker 1>And is there a.

789
00:38:05.119 --> 00:38:08.000
<v Speaker 2>Particular problem that you're looking for to solve with that?

790
00:38:08.079 --> 00:38:09.639
<v Speaker 2>Like does it have a crazy.

791
00:38:09.360 --> 00:38:12.159
<v Speaker 3>Crazy I actually don't even know what we're gonna find yet.

792
00:38:12.280 --> 00:38:14.360
<v Speaker 3>You know, when you look at a really exotic animal,

793
00:38:14.400 --> 00:38:15.599
<v Speaker 3>to me, it's like getting a present.

794
00:38:16.000 --> 00:38:17.760
<v Speaker 1>I love her? How much do you love her?

795
00:38:21.320 --> 00:38:23.119
<v Speaker 3>I can't wait to open the wrapper and see what's

796
00:38:23.119 --> 00:38:25.119
<v Speaker 3>inside the present. I don't know what I'm gonna find,

797
00:38:25.800 --> 00:38:28.360
<v Speaker 3>but I'm going to find something because otherwise it would

798
00:38:28.360 --> 00:38:31.079
<v Speaker 3>look like everything else. If it doesn't look like everything else,

799
00:38:31.079 --> 00:38:32.519
<v Speaker 3>that's what I want to know. I want to know

800
00:38:32.519 --> 00:38:34.760
<v Speaker 3>why it doesn't look like everything else, and what can

801
00:38:34.800 --> 00:38:38.320
<v Speaker 3>we learn from that? And maybe there's something in there

802
00:38:38.320 --> 00:38:39.719
<v Speaker 3>that we can use for people?

803
00:38:40.519 --> 00:38:42.920
<v Speaker 2>And how did you get because I mean, I've seen

804
00:38:42.920 --> 00:38:47.719
<v Speaker 2>these videos of you scaling whales. I mean, the most

805
00:38:47.800 --> 00:38:49.800
<v Speaker 2>badass you've ever seen. There's a whale on a beach,

806
00:38:50.039 --> 00:38:53.920
<v Speaker 2>there are like a hundred spectators, and there's you in

807
00:38:54.119 --> 00:38:58.360
<v Speaker 2>full yellow slickers with like a machete, scaling it like

808
00:38:58.360 --> 00:39:02.639
<v Speaker 2>a tiny mountain and just it open and like blubbers everywhere.

809
00:39:03.159 --> 00:39:05.360
<v Speaker 2>I would like to play you a clip from Inside

810
00:39:05.519 --> 00:39:09.280
<v Speaker 2>Nature's Giants, wherein doctor Ridenberg has arrived on a beach

811
00:39:09.480 --> 00:39:12.920
<v Speaker 2>in the pre dawn dead of night to lead a

812
00:39:12.920 --> 00:39:16.880
<v Speaker 2>whale dissection, and as she carves into the abdomen with

813
00:39:16.920 --> 00:39:18.960
<v Speaker 2>something that appears to be a chef's knife.

814
00:39:19.320 --> 00:39:23.679
<v Speaker 4>It's really really fresh. I don't smell anything. It's like

815
00:39:23.960 --> 00:39:26.519
<v Speaker 4>it's like walking down the butcher's aisle in the supermarket.

816
00:39:27.000 --> 00:39:30.559
<v Speaker 4>All the meats, really fresh hair. This animal, I think,

817
00:39:30.679 --> 00:39:38.840
<v Speaker 4>is only around twenty four hours dead. Ah, So we

818
00:39:38.920 --> 00:39:42.079
<v Speaker 4>gotta wipe get my face, wipe down around my lips.

819
00:39:42.719 --> 00:39:48.760
<v Speaker 4>It's a funny, that's fun The most dangerous thing is

820
00:39:48.760 --> 00:39:50.280
<v Speaker 4>if you get in your eyes are in your mouth,

821
00:39:50.360 --> 00:39:52.199
<v Speaker 4>and so I know enough to keep my mouth shut,

822
00:39:52.239 --> 00:39:56.519
<v Speaker 4>but probably poked one of the intestines and that was

823
00:39:56.679 --> 00:40:00.639
<v Speaker 4>just all the gas in the intestines, spraying in the face.

824
00:40:02.880 --> 00:40:05.880
<v Speaker 4>Oh that was probably.

825
00:40:05.519 --> 00:40:12.840
<v Speaker 2>Better than that. The whale intestine has released a death

826
00:40:12.960 --> 00:40:16.840
<v Speaker 2>fart into her face and not only does she remain

827
00:40:17.119 --> 00:40:22.000
<v Speaker 2>composed and professional but jovial. How does she do it?

828
00:40:22.280 --> 00:40:26.360
<v Speaker 2>And can she run for president? You're like, oh my god, Like,

829
00:40:26.440 --> 00:40:28.400
<v Speaker 2>this is an art forum that you how do you

830
00:40:28.440 --> 00:40:29.280
<v Speaker 2>get good at that?

831
00:40:29.360 --> 00:40:31.920
<v Speaker 1>Because it's amazing? What does it smell?

832
00:40:32.039 --> 00:40:32.159
<v Speaker 3>Like?

833
00:40:32.280 --> 00:40:33.559
<v Speaker 2>How do you know where you're cutting? Like?

834
00:40:33.679 --> 00:40:34.360
<v Speaker 1>What do you do with the piece?

835
00:40:34.559 --> 00:40:34.960
<v Speaker 3>What happens?

836
00:40:35.679 --> 00:40:38.400
<v Speaker 2>Side note, that was a lot of questions, But before

837
00:40:38.519 --> 00:40:40.119
<v Speaker 2>we get to that, we're going to take a quick

838
00:40:40.239 --> 00:40:43.599
<v Speaker 2>break for sponsors of the show. Sponsors. Why sponsors? You

839
00:40:43.639 --> 00:40:45.440
<v Speaker 2>know what they do? They help us give money to

840
00:40:45.760 --> 00:40:48.079
<v Speaker 2>different charities every week. So if you want to know

841
00:40:48.119 --> 00:40:51.400
<v Speaker 2>where Ologies gives our money, you can go to Aliward

842
00:40:51.440 --> 00:40:54.119
<v Speaker 2>dot com and look for the tab Ologies gives back.

843
00:40:54.400 --> 00:40:57.000
<v Speaker 2>There's like one hundred and fifty different charities that we've

844
00:40:57.000 --> 00:40:59.960
<v Speaker 2>given to already, with more every single week. So if

845
00:41:00.079 --> 00:41:01.719
<v Speaker 2>you need a place to go donate a little bit

846
00:41:01.719 --> 00:41:03.519
<v Speaker 2>of money but you're not sure where to go. Those

847
00:41:03.519 --> 00:41:07.159
<v Speaker 2>are all picked biologists who work in those fields, and

848
00:41:07.519 --> 00:41:10.519
<v Speaker 2>this ad break allows us to give a ton of

849
00:41:10.519 --> 00:41:13.800
<v Speaker 2>money to them. So thanks for listening and thank sponsors.

850
00:41:14.800 --> 00:41:17.960
<v Speaker 1>Okay, questions, Wow, that's a lot of questions.

851
00:41:17.960 --> 00:41:18.119
<v Speaker 4>I know.

852
00:41:18.159 --> 00:41:19.039
<v Speaker 1>I'm sorry.

853
00:41:19.599 --> 00:41:23.039
<v Speaker 3>We'll start with a pros. So I don't remember which

854
00:41:23.079 --> 00:41:23.480
<v Speaker 3>was the first?

855
00:41:23.559 --> 00:41:25.599
<v Speaker 1>Now, how do you?

856
00:41:25.840 --> 00:41:27.760
<v Speaker 2>How do you? What was the first time you dissected

857
00:41:27.760 --> 00:41:29.440
<v Speaker 2>a whale on a beach? Like, because I imagine you

858
00:41:29.480 --> 00:41:30.519
<v Speaker 2>got to do it on site.

859
00:41:31.360 --> 00:41:33.760
<v Speaker 3>Yes, the first The first time I disrected. It wasn't

860
00:41:33.760 --> 00:41:36.360
<v Speaker 3>a really big whale. It was actually a fairly small whale.

861
00:41:36.719 --> 00:41:39.400
<v Speaker 2>Buckle up, folks, who this woman tells good stories.

862
00:41:39.760 --> 00:41:42.719
<v Speaker 3>It was a Pigmies form whale. Oh and it was

863
00:41:42.760 --> 00:41:46.480
<v Speaker 3>about I don't know, fifteen feet long. Oh and it

864
00:41:46.639 --> 00:41:49.920
<v Speaker 3>actually it was on a beach, but not when I

865
00:41:49.960 --> 00:41:53.079
<v Speaker 3>saw it. So it was my very very first whale

866
00:41:53.119 --> 00:41:55.519
<v Speaker 3>dis section. I was a very excited graduate student at

867
00:41:55.519 --> 00:41:58.039
<v Speaker 3>the time. I didn't have a car, so I got

868
00:41:58.079 --> 00:42:00.320
<v Speaker 3>the call and I thought, if I don't go down

869
00:42:00.360 --> 00:42:02.039
<v Speaker 3>there right away and get the specimen, I'm never going

870
00:42:02.119 --> 00:42:03.960
<v Speaker 3>to get another one, because when are they gonna call

871
00:42:04.000 --> 00:42:05.800
<v Speaker 3>me again if I don't show up right Yeah, and

872
00:42:05.800 --> 00:42:07.239
<v Speaker 3>they said you got to be here by nine o'clock

873
00:42:07.239 --> 00:42:10.119
<v Speaker 3>because the Smithsonian is coming to take it away. Wow.

874
00:42:10.599 --> 00:42:12.039
<v Speaker 3>So if you want to just get a piece out

875
00:42:12.079 --> 00:42:13.519
<v Speaker 3>of this, they just want the skeleton. You can come

876
00:42:13.559 --> 00:42:15.519
<v Speaker 3>get your soft tissues that you need for your research.

877
00:42:15.840 --> 00:42:18.480
<v Speaker 3>WHOA then at the time, it was very interested in, well,

878
00:42:18.760 --> 00:42:20.920
<v Speaker 3>how whales are making sound underwater? So I needed to

879
00:42:20.920 --> 00:42:25.840
<v Speaker 3>get the voice box. So I rented a car. Oh no,

880
00:42:26.039 --> 00:42:31.239
<v Speaker 3>car rental places in New York Donald until eight and Brigantine,

881
00:42:31.239 --> 00:42:34.599
<v Speaker 3>which is where this was near. Atlantic City is about

882
00:42:35.119 --> 00:42:38.079
<v Speaker 3>two and a half maybe three hours away. Oh no.

883
00:42:38.719 --> 00:42:41.440
<v Speaker 3>So I was doing a very swift fifty five out

884
00:42:41.480 --> 00:42:45.400
<v Speaker 3>of New York and I got pulled over by a

885
00:42:45.440 --> 00:42:49.039
<v Speaker 3>police officer on the Garden State Parkway, and I remember

886
00:42:49.400 --> 00:42:52.760
<v Speaker 3>so vividly. I didn't know you're supposed to stay in

887
00:42:52.800 --> 00:42:56.239
<v Speaker 3>the car. I got out of the car because I

888
00:42:56.239 --> 00:42:58.280
<v Speaker 3>thought I would like expedite this and get this over with.

889
00:42:58.599 --> 00:43:00.719
<v Speaker 3>So it was a little surprised that was already waiting

890
00:43:00.719 --> 00:43:01.559
<v Speaker 3>for my mother's shoulder.

891
00:43:02.079 --> 00:43:03.559
<v Speaker 1>Feel like I got a sperm whale to cut up.

892
00:43:03.599 --> 00:43:06.880
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, I gotta move here, I gotta move. And so

893
00:43:06.880 --> 00:43:09.159
<v Speaker 3>so he asked me, well, why are you Why are

894
00:43:09.159 --> 00:43:11.199
<v Speaker 3>you going so fast? Yeah, they always asked that question

895
00:43:11.239 --> 00:43:13.320
<v Speaker 3>because maybe maybe you're gonna have a baby or something

896
00:43:13.360 --> 00:43:16.079
<v Speaker 3>I don't know, right, right, I wasn't gonna have a baby.

897
00:43:16.119 --> 00:43:17.199
<v Speaker 3>So I told him I was on my way to

898
00:43:17.199 --> 00:43:19.559
<v Speaker 3>wave stranded whale, which I'm sure is an excuse you'd

899
00:43:19.599 --> 00:43:20.320
<v Speaker 3>never heard before.

900
00:43:21.079 --> 00:43:25.000
<v Speaker 2>Uh, officer, I'm about to give birth to a baby

901
00:43:25.159 --> 00:43:29.320
<v Speaker 2>whale that's also on fire. There's a there's a fire

902
00:43:29.440 --> 00:43:32.719
<v Speaker 2>too in me. Please let me go.

903
00:43:33.840 --> 00:43:35.880
<v Speaker 3>And and I thought I was being all official. I

904
00:43:35.880 --> 00:43:38.079
<v Speaker 3>put on my white coat, I had my d tag

905
00:43:38.199 --> 00:43:41.519
<v Speaker 3>graduate student in anatomy, you know. I was ready. I

906
00:43:41.559 --> 00:43:44.519
<v Speaker 3>was ready for this, right. And and then he looked

907
00:43:44.519 --> 00:43:46.760
<v Speaker 3>in the back of my car. Oh boy, And I

908
00:43:46.800 --> 00:43:48.719
<v Speaker 3>had put everything I thought I was going to need

909
00:43:48.880 --> 00:43:50.119
<v Speaker 3>in the back of the car because it was my

910
00:43:50.159 --> 00:43:55.360
<v Speaker 3>first whale stranding. So I had gloves, and I had

911
00:43:55.519 --> 00:43:59.239
<v Speaker 3>plastic bags, you know, big black trash bags. And I

912
00:43:59.280 --> 00:44:03.280
<v Speaker 3>had scalpels, and I had knives, and I had bigger knives.

913
00:44:03.320 --> 00:44:06.239
<v Speaker 3>And I had bigger knives, and I had machetes. And

914
00:44:06.239 --> 00:44:08.639
<v Speaker 3>then I had all these things that like gardeners use

915
00:44:08.719 --> 00:44:10.719
<v Speaker 3>because I thought I might need to clip ribs. So

916
00:44:10.719 --> 00:44:14.559
<v Speaker 3>I had like these loppers and pruners and big wood saws,

917
00:44:14.639 --> 00:44:18.679
<v Speaker 3>and I had all kinds of things back there in

918
00:44:18.679 --> 00:44:21.400
<v Speaker 3>a redful car, in a rental car. But the thing was,

919
00:44:21.559 --> 00:44:23.079
<v Speaker 3>he was looking at this, and all of a sudden

920
00:44:23.119 --> 00:44:25.199
<v Speaker 3>his face turned white. Now he was white to begin with,

921
00:44:25.280 --> 00:44:29.280
<v Speaker 3>but he got whiter. He's looking at this stuff. And

922
00:44:29.320 --> 00:44:31.239
<v Speaker 3>now I know why the cops. You know, they wear

923
00:44:31.280 --> 00:44:34.119
<v Speaker 3>the sunglasses. You can't read what's going on with their eyes. Right,

924
00:44:34.519 --> 00:44:38.000
<v Speaker 3>He's looking at this, and he gets really quiet, and

925
00:44:38.039 --> 00:44:41.199
<v Speaker 3>he says to me, what's all that for? Oh no,

926
00:44:41.679 --> 00:44:44.880
<v Speaker 3>And I realized why he turned white. I had heard

927
00:44:44.880 --> 00:44:47.599
<v Speaker 3>on the radio the day before that the police had

928
00:44:47.679 --> 00:44:51.159
<v Speaker 3>found a body that had been chopped into pieces in

929
00:44:51.360 --> 00:44:55.880
<v Speaker 3>black plastic bags floating down the Passaic River. And I

930
00:44:55.920 --> 00:44:59.079
<v Speaker 3>think he suddenly realized that I might be the murderer.

931
00:44:59.159 --> 00:45:01.440
<v Speaker 3>Oh my, I had all the nohow and I had

932
00:45:01.440 --> 00:45:03.559
<v Speaker 3>all the equipment, and there it was in the car,

933
00:45:03.639 --> 00:45:06.559
<v Speaker 3>and I was running away as fast as I could.

934
00:45:06.639 --> 00:45:09.840
<v Speaker 1>Oh my god, you fit the profile a million percent.

935
00:45:09.679 --> 00:45:11.400
<v Speaker 3>I know. And I was terrified that I was going

936
00:45:11.440 --> 00:45:16.679
<v Speaker 3>to be taken in from murder. So so I was.

937
00:45:16.760 --> 00:45:20.159
<v Speaker 3>I got really nervous. And that's not a good sign either,

938
00:45:20.199 --> 00:45:21.800
<v Speaker 3>because now you get nervous in front of a cop,

939
00:45:21.840 --> 00:45:23.800
<v Speaker 3>and they think for sure you're guilty, right.

940
00:45:23.800 --> 00:45:24.320
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I got.

941
00:45:24.320 --> 00:45:26.480
<v Speaker 3>I hope you didn't get so lightheaded, so I didn't

942
00:45:26.480 --> 00:45:28.719
<v Speaker 3>get like, I didn't have a vasophical reaction. I didn't

943
00:45:28.719 --> 00:45:31.159
<v Speaker 3>pass out because that would have been really bad. So

944
00:45:31.360 --> 00:45:33.800
<v Speaker 3>I so I said to him, well, that's if I

945
00:45:33.800 --> 00:45:38.559
<v Speaker 3>don't get there in time. I didn't tell him that

946
00:45:38.599 --> 00:45:40.719
<v Speaker 3>the whale was already dead. I just said it was

947
00:45:40.760 --> 00:45:42.800
<v Speaker 3>a stranded whale. So in his mind, there was a

948
00:45:43.039 --> 00:45:44.880
<v Speaker 3>flopping around whale on the beach, and if I do

949
00:45:44.920 --> 00:45:46.480
<v Speaker 3>would get there before it dies, I'm going to have

950
00:45:46.519 --> 00:45:49.559
<v Speaker 3>to cut it up, right. So he went back to

951
00:45:49.599 --> 00:45:51.440
<v Speaker 3>his car, and I thought, for sure, he's he's trying

952
00:45:51.440 --> 00:45:53.880
<v Speaker 3>to figure out if I'm the murderer, right right. And

953
00:45:53.960 --> 00:45:55.400
<v Speaker 3>you know, we didn't have cell phones either, so I

954
00:45:55.679 --> 00:45:57.800
<v Speaker 3>couldn't call them and tell them what was happening this

955
00:45:57.880 --> 00:46:01.960
<v Speaker 3>whole time. So he he radioed back to headquarters I'm

956
00:46:01.960 --> 00:46:05.239
<v Speaker 3>sure to say what kind of crazy person he had found,

957
00:46:06.199 --> 00:46:09.199
<v Speaker 3>and they gave him permission to escort me. He came

958
00:46:09.239 --> 00:46:12.000
<v Speaker 3>back and I never got a ticket. He escorted me.

959
00:46:12.039 --> 00:46:14.840
<v Speaker 3>He said, I'm going to escort you to the whale stranding.

960
00:46:14.880 --> 00:46:16.280
<v Speaker 3>He must have called ahead to the cop at the

961
00:46:16.280 --> 00:46:18.920
<v Speaker 3>whale stranding down in Brigantine, who said, yeah, yeah, we

962
00:46:18.960 --> 00:46:20.159
<v Speaker 3>got a whale on the beach here. You know.

963
00:46:21.760 --> 00:46:23.280
<v Speaker 2>Can you even with the story right now?

964
00:46:23.280 --> 00:46:26.679
<v Speaker 3>Though? So the cop down there held up the Smithsonia

965
00:46:26.719 --> 00:46:30.039
<v Speaker 3>so they wouldn't leave. Oh, because I was well past

966
00:46:30.119 --> 00:46:32.800
<v Speaker 3>nine by the time I arrived. Yes, And I'm following

967
00:46:32.880 --> 00:46:34.760
<v Speaker 3>him and he says, you have to pay all the tolls, Like, okay,

968
00:46:34.760 --> 00:46:36.039
<v Speaker 3>we didn't have easy pass back then.

969
00:46:36.079 --> 00:46:36.239
<v Speaker 2>You know.

970
00:46:36.280 --> 00:46:38.880
<v Speaker 3>He had to actually pay each hopper, you know, you

971
00:46:38.920 --> 00:46:40.079
<v Speaker 3>know the little coins.

972
00:46:40.360 --> 00:46:41.840
<v Speaker 1>Did you have to pay the cops tolls too?

973
00:46:42.239 --> 00:46:44.159
<v Speaker 3>No, he went right through them, but I had to

974
00:46:44.159 --> 00:46:45.840
<v Speaker 3>page toll. He would he would go through, and he'd

975
00:46:45.840 --> 00:46:48.039
<v Speaker 3>wait and I'd have to pay, and then then we'd

976
00:46:48.199 --> 00:46:50.559
<v Speaker 3>go on and and you know, sirens and everything. We

977
00:46:50.559 --> 00:46:54.519
<v Speaker 3>were going really fast. And I arrived to my very

978
00:46:54.599 --> 00:46:58.559
<v Speaker 3>first whale stranding with a police escort with sirens and

979
00:46:58.760 --> 00:47:03.159
<v Speaker 3>lights and everything. I had a big deal entry. It

980
00:47:03.239 --> 00:47:05.199
<v Speaker 3>was very memorable on many accounts.

981
00:47:05.679 --> 00:47:09.840
<v Speaker 1>Oh my god, that is the way to arrive, dude.

982
00:47:10.079 --> 00:47:13.159
<v Speaker 3>That's that was. That was my first whale stranding.

983
00:47:13.480 --> 00:47:14.599
<v Speaker 1>Did he stay to watch?

984
00:47:15.440 --> 00:47:17.599
<v Speaker 3>He did not. Once I climbed on top of the whale,

985
00:47:17.639 --> 00:47:19.639
<v Speaker 3>he was done. I was like, Okay, I'm out of here.

986
00:47:19.679 --> 00:47:22.679
<v Speaker 3>Which is gonna make blood? It's gonna use those things

987
00:47:22.719 --> 00:47:24.960
<v Speaker 3>in the back of the car that made him turn white.

988
00:47:25.320 --> 00:47:27.119
<v Speaker 1>Oh my god, what pressure, though.

989
00:47:27.400 --> 00:47:30.239
<v Speaker 2>I feel like in all of the fishermen's saloons and

990
00:47:30.400 --> 00:47:33.519
<v Speaker 2>all of the seaside towns all over the globe of

991
00:47:33.599 --> 00:47:37.280
<v Speaker 2>all time, that's gotta be one of the best whale

992
00:47:37.280 --> 00:47:37.960
<v Speaker 2>stories ever.

993
00:47:38.440 --> 00:47:41.159
<v Speaker 1>Right, how do you so it's a fifteen foot whale?

994
00:47:41.280 --> 00:47:43.599
<v Speaker 1>How do you know to scale it and where to

995
00:47:43.760 --> 00:47:45.280
<v Speaker 1>start zipping into it?

996
00:47:45.880 --> 00:47:49.239
<v Speaker 3>Well, most vertebrates are built on the same body plant. Well, so,

997
00:47:49.239 --> 00:47:51.400
<v Speaker 3>whether it's a fifteen foot whale or it's a sixty

998
00:47:51.440 --> 00:47:54.039
<v Speaker 3>five foot whale like the one you know that maybe

999
00:47:54.079 --> 00:47:56.320
<v Speaker 3>people have seen on TV where I'm dissecting for inside

1000
00:47:56.400 --> 00:48:00.960
<v Speaker 3>Nature's giants. The whale has this similar body plan to

1001
00:48:01.039 --> 00:48:04.440
<v Speaker 3>you and I. It's got a head, right, it's got

1002
00:48:04.480 --> 00:48:06.920
<v Speaker 3>a spine, it's got a heart, it's got two lungs,

1003
00:48:06.920 --> 00:48:09.480
<v Speaker 3>it's got one liver, it's got intestines, it's got two kidneys.

1004
00:48:09.480 --> 00:48:11.760
<v Speaker 3>It's got all the same things we have as mammals.

1005
00:48:12.280 --> 00:48:15.199
<v Speaker 3>The only thing it doesn't have is hind legs. But

1006
00:48:15.239 --> 00:48:18.000
<v Speaker 3>there are remnants of that too, So if you're looking

1007
00:48:18.000 --> 00:48:19.559
<v Speaker 3>for a particular organ, it's going to be in a

1008
00:48:19.559 --> 00:48:23.719
<v Speaker 3>predictable place because the body plan is pretty similar. So

1009
00:48:23.800 --> 00:48:25.440
<v Speaker 3>I know I'm looking for a voice box. I know

1010
00:48:25.480 --> 00:48:27.079
<v Speaker 3>the voicebox is going to be in the neck. We

1011
00:48:27.159 --> 00:48:29.239
<v Speaker 3>whales don't have much of a neck. It kind of

1012
00:48:29.239 --> 00:48:30.800
<v Speaker 3>go from head to body.

1013
00:48:30.679 --> 00:48:32.440
<v Speaker 1>Right, They're kind of like us at the gym that

1014
00:48:32.480 --> 00:48:33.599
<v Speaker 1>are there a little too much?

1015
00:48:33.679 --> 00:48:36.800
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, exactly, very built up, right, and particularly considering those

1016
00:48:36.840 --> 00:48:40.039
<v Speaker 3>muscles are being used for movement, you know, they are

1017
00:48:40.079 --> 00:48:44.519
<v Speaker 3>built up. So the whale's neck doesn't really exist as

1018
00:48:44.559 --> 00:48:46.400
<v Speaker 3>a neck like it does in us. But that's where

1019
00:48:46.440 --> 00:48:48.000
<v Speaker 3>I'm going to find a voice box, and that's what

1020
00:48:48.039 --> 00:48:50.519
<v Speaker 3>I was looking for. So it meant you go to

1021
00:48:50.519 --> 00:48:52.880
<v Speaker 3>the back of the jaw and cut it open. It's

1022
00:48:52.920 --> 00:48:54.719
<v Speaker 3>going to be somewhere near the back of the jaw

1023
00:48:55.159 --> 00:48:57.400
<v Speaker 3>and in front of the front of the chest, which

1024
00:48:57.400 --> 00:48:59.320
<v Speaker 3>is a very small area in the whale. So you know,

1025
00:48:59.360 --> 00:49:01.360
<v Speaker 3>you have one little area to look in and that's

1026
00:49:01.400 --> 00:49:02.079
<v Speaker 3>what it's gonna be.

1027
00:49:02.880 --> 00:49:04.840
<v Speaker 1>So what does a voice box look like in a whale?

1028
00:49:05.599 --> 00:49:09.760
<v Speaker 3>Well, it's huge, it's really huge. So imagine if your

1029
00:49:09.840 --> 00:49:12.840
<v Speaker 3>voice box was as big as a whales in proportion

1030
00:49:12.960 --> 00:49:16.440
<v Speaker 3>to your body. Okay, not absolutely big, Okay, absolutely big.

1031
00:49:16.559 --> 00:49:18.360
<v Speaker 3>I've seen voice box as the whales are like twelve

1032
00:49:18.360 --> 00:49:21.360
<v Speaker 3>feet long. Okay, they're huge, you know. And they have

1033
00:49:21.400 --> 00:49:23.599
<v Speaker 3>a big sack under them that they use for recycling

1034
00:49:23.639 --> 00:49:25.679
<v Speaker 3>air that I could just climb into like a sleeping bag.

1035
00:49:26.199 --> 00:49:29.559
<v Speaker 3>That's a really big voice box. But how big is that?

1036
00:49:29.719 --> 00:49:31.800
<v Speaker 3>Considering the whale is really big? It's just big as

1037
00:49:31.840 --> 00:49:35.840
<v Speaker 3>the whales big, right, No, it's big even considering that.

1038
00:49:36.400 --> 00:49:39.840
<v Speaker 3>Because the voice box of a big whale like and

1039
00:49:39.840 --> 00:49:41.559
<v Speaker 3>I would say big whale, I mean a whale like

1040
00:49:41.679 --> 00:49:44.599
<v Speaker 3>a fin whale or a blue whale or a humpback whale,

1041
00:49:45.320 --> 00:49:48.119
<v Speaker 3>that voice box is as big as a lung. You know.

1042
00:49:48.280 --> 00:49:51.679
<v Speaker 3>You imagine your larynx voice box went from the top

1043
00:49:51.719 --> 00:49:54.199
<v Speaker 3>of your shoulder down to the bomb of you rib cage.

1044
00:49:54.320 --> 00:49:56.960
<v Speaker 2>It's like having a saxophone in your body. You just

1045
00:49:57.039 --> 00:49:58.440
<v Speaker 2>talk it too, a saxellone.

1046
00:49:58.519 --> 00:50:01.440
<v Speaker 3>And then you've got these animals that can make incredibly

1047
00:50:01.519 --> 00:50:04.840
<v Speaker 3>loud noises, you know, some of these The power behind

1048
00:50:04.880 --> 00:50:07.119
<v Speaker 3>some of these noises have been equated to a jet engine.

1049
00:50:07.239 --> 00:50:11.559
<v Speaker 2>Oh my god, so quick question, how loud is that well.

1050
00:50:11.639 --> 00:50:16.639
<v Speaker 2>A whisper between humans is about twenty decibels. Normal speaking

1051
00:50:16.719 --> 00:50:23.360
<v Speaker 2>volume about fifty. Shouting is seventy. Jackhammers about one hundred decibels. Now,

1052
00:50:23.440 --> 00:50:26.320
<v Speaker 2>music starts to hurt at around one twenty, and a

1053
00:50:26.440 --> 00:50:29.760
<v Speaker 2>jet engine is about one point forty. Ear drums can

1054
00:50:29.840 --> 00:50:33.360
<v Speaker 2>rupture around one hundred and sixty five decibels, and at

1055
00:50:33.360 --> 00:50:37.159
<v Speaker 2>one eighty five the noise can literally kill you. Whales

1056
00:50:37.599 --> 00:50:41.880
<v Speaker 2>louder than that. The lovelorn call of a lonely blue

1057
00:50:41.880 --> 00:50:51.960
<v Speaker 2>whale reaches up to one hundred and eighty eight decibels,

1058
00:50:52.320 --> 00:50:55.599
<v Speaker 2>and sperm whales like Holma beer the clicks they use

1059
00:50:55.639 --> 00:51:03.039
<v Speaker 2>for echolocation. You ready for this two hundred and thirty

1060
00:51:03.119 --> 00:51:06.679
<v Speaker 2>six decibels, which can be heard by other whales for

1061
00:51:07.039 --> 00:51:10.559
<v Speaker 2>thousands of miles. So anytime you see a heavy metal

1062
00:51:10.599 --> 00:51:15.519
<v Speaker 2>band just thrashing, crushing, no that there is a big

1063
00:51:15.599 --> 00:51:19.079
<v Speaker 2>wet leather pickle in the ocean munch and squid that

1064
00:51:19.239 --> 00:51:23.000
<v Speaker 2>is louder. And therefore everything in this life is just ridiculous.

1065
00:51:23.400 --> 00:51:26.320
<v Speaker 2>And now when you are climbing inside let's say a

1066
00:51:26.360 --> 00:51:29.840
<v Speaker 2>whale or another big animal, like, what is that?

1067
00:51:30.280 --> 00:51:30.440
<v Speaker 3>Like?

1068
00:51:31.039 --> 00:51:32.840
<v Speaker 1>How are you finding a way around what is it

1069
00:51:32.880 --> 00:51:33.360
<v Speaker 1>smell like?

1070
00:51:33.440 --> 00:51:35.760
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, well, first of all, it's really good thing that smell.

1071
00:51:35.760 --> 00:51:39.480
<v Speaker 3>A vision hasn't been invented yet because I think most

1072
00:51:39.519 --> 00:51:42.480
<v Speaker 3>people would turn the show off. Yeah, because the smell

1073
00:51:42.559 --> 00:51:44.880
<v Speaker 3>is really bad. I mean, just imagine you've got sixty

1074
00:51:44.920 --> 00:51:47.079
<v Speaker 3>five feet of rotting flesh. You know, you know a

1075
00:51:47.119 --> 00:51:49.480
<v Speaker 3>bad milk smell is when it goes bad. Yeah, Now

1076
00:51:49.519 --> 00:51:52.039
<v Speaker 3>imagine you've got sixty five feet of quarts of milk

1077
00:51:52.079 --> 00:51:55.800
<v Speaker 3>hanging out there, right, So it's a pretty bad smell

1078
00:51:56.159 --> 00:51:59.519
<v Speaker 3>when it's run. But like most things, you get in

1079
00:51:59.559 --> 00:52:02.440
<v Speaker 3>your two after a while, like you put on perfume,

1080
00:52:02.480 --> 00:52:04.280
<v Speaker 3>maybe an hour later, you don't even smell it anymore.

1081
00:52:04.280 --> 00:52:06.039
<v Speaker 3>But yeah, someone else walks into the room for the

1082
00:52:06.039 --> 00:52:07.679
<v Speaker 3>first time, they smell it. Right.

1083
00:52:08.119 --> 00:52:10.599
<v Speaker 2>I just look this up and it's called old factory

1084
00:52:10.760 --> 00:52:16.159
<v Speaker 2>fatigue or old factory adaptation. And our scent receptors essentially

1085
00:52:16.199 --> 00:52:19.719
<v Speaker 2>are just over it. They're like, I'm looking for danger

1086
00:52:19.960 --> 00:52:22.679
<v Speaker 2>or food, and if I haven't eaten this or been

1087
00:52:22.760 --> 00:52:25.679
<v Speaker 2>killed by it, forget about it. I don't care. This

1088
00:52:25.880 --> 00:52:28.360
<v Speaker 2>bench is like so five minutes ago.

1089
00:52:28.679 --> 00:52:31.079
<v Speaker 3>Well that's what's like at a oil stranding. After the

1090
00:52:31.119 --> 00:52:33.679
<v Speaker 3>first hour, you don't smell anymore. But everybody comes to

1091
00:52:33.760 --> 00:52:37.320
<v Speaker 3>visit smells it. And when you leave that stranding, everybody

1092
00:52:37.320 --> 00:52:40.159
<v Speaker 3>that you see smells it on you, no matter how

1093
00:52:40.159 --> 00:52:42.760
<v Speaker 3>many showers you take. Really, because the oil gets under

1094
00:52:42.760 --> 00:52:45.280
<v Speaker 3>your skin. Even when you're wearing l text gloves, it

1095
00:52:45.360 --> 00:52:48.360
<v Speaker 3>still gets under all that, and there's an aura about it.

1096
00:52:48.360 --> 00:52:50.920
<v Speaker 3>It's you know, like when you're around some smoke cigarettes

1097
00:52:50.960 --> 00:52:53.519
<v Speaker 3>and your hair smells. Okay, it's the same thing. Your

1098
00:52:53.519 --> 00:52:55.920
<v Speaker 3>hair is gonna smell, your skin is gonna smell. Your

1099
00:52:55.920 --> 00:52:59.519
<v Speaker 3>clothing even it was just in the vicinity, is gonna smell.

1100
00:53:00.079 --> 00:53:00.519
<v Speaker 3>What do you do?

1101
00:53:00.639 --> 00:53:02.920
<v Speaker 2>Is there like a special soap that you're like this,

1102
00:53:03.320 --> 00:53:04.440
<v Speaker 2>like this time seed.

1103
00:53:05.400 --> 00:53:09.840
<v Speaker 3>You just have to wait for it to volatilize out,

1104
00:53:10.079 --> 00:53:12.639
<v Speaker 3>because I mean you can wash off the snotty stuff

1105
00:53:12.639 --> 00:53:14.639
<v Speaker 3>that's stuck on your skin, yes, that you can do.

1106
00:53:15.159 --> 00:53:17.199
<v Speaker 3>You can get rid of the oil that's on the outside,

1107
00:53:17.199 --> 00:53:18.840
<v Speaker 3>but you can't get rid of the oil that's moved

1108
00:53:18.880 --> 00:53:19.800
<v Speaker 3>into your skin.

1109
00:53:20.199 --> 00:53:20.920
<v Speaker 1>That's a good point.

1110
00:53:20.960 --> 00:53:22.800
<v Speaker 3>You know, it's now part of you. You just have to

1111
00:53:22.800 --> 00:53:24.159
<v Speaker 3>wait for it to evaporate off.

1112
00:53:24.320 --> 00:53:25.960
<v Speaker 1>How many whales do you think you've dissected?

1113
00:53:26.639 --> 00:53:29.000
<v Speaker 3>Oh gosh, I think I stopped counting a long time ago.

1114
00:53:31.559 --> 00:53:33.760
<v Speaker 3>It's a tough number to come up with because whales

1115
00:53:33.800 --> 00:53:37.480
<v Speaker 3>to me includes all whales, which means dolphins and porpoises too.

1116
00:53:38.039 --> 00:53:42.760
<v Speaker 3>So if you start counting all of these cetaceans, whales, dolphins,

1117
00:53:42.760 --> 00:53:45.440
<v Speaker 3>and porpoises, oh, that number is going to be whale

1118
00:53:45.440 --> 00:53:47.880
<v Speaker 3>over three hundred Wow maybe more.

1119
00:53:48.119 --> 00:53:51.840
<v Speaker 2>So quick aside, quick, quick on whale evolution. Okay, this

1120
00:53:52.000 --> 00:53:54.199
<v Speaker 2>is not the setology episode, so I don't want to

1121
00:53:54.239 --> 00:53:57.239
<v Speaker 2>go into too much depth and spoil how bananas it is.

1122
00:53:57.480 --> 00:54:00.840
<v Speaker 2>But essentially, whales are very much mammals who started off

1123
00:54:00.920 --> 00:54:03.719
<v Speaker 2>is deer like creatures who just hung out by water

1124
00:54:04.000 --> 00:54:08.840
<v Speaker 2>and sort of gradually slipped into the abyss forever and expanded.

1125
00:54:09.480 --> 00:54:11.519
<v Speaker 2>Just like you know what, I'm going to dip out land.

1126
00:54:11.960 --> 00:54:14.239
<v Speaker 2>Good luck with all your walking around. I'm going to

1127
00:54:14.320 --> 00:54:16.920
<v Speaker 2>go sail through water like I'm flying and never have

1128
00:54:16.960 --> 00:54:20.239
<v Speaker 2>to brush my hair. Also, I'm louder than your quiet

1129
00:54:20.280 --> 00:54:24.079
<v Speaker 2>ass metal music and we all know it. Beace baye bye.

1130
00:54:24.400 --> 00:54:27.480
<v Speaker 2>And when you're dissecting any kind of animal, or when

1131
00:54:27.519 --> 00:54:30.480
<v Speaker 2>you're when you're mapping out the anatomy or of any

1132
00:54:30.559 --> 00:54:31.480
<v Speaker 2>kind of animal.

1133
00:54:31.400 --> 00:54:33.000
<v Speaker 1>Are you? Are you ever?

1134
00:54:33.039 --> 00:54:35.719
<v Speaker 2>Struck by similarities with humans, Like, do you do you

1135
00:54:35.760 --> 00:54:38.119
<v Speaker 2>notice certain things about the brain that you're like, Oh,

1136
00:54:38.199 --> 00:54:39.159
<v Speaker 2>that's a pretty human brain.

1137
00:54:39.159 --> 00:54:40.000
<v Speaker 1>That's surprising for this.

1138
00:54:40.000 --> 00:54:43.760
<v Speaker 2>Kind of animal, or anything that makes you reflect on

1139
00:54:43.840 --> 00:54:46.760
<v Speaker 2>kind of your your own morphology. Oh.

1140
00:54:46.800 --> 00:54:51.400
<v Speaker 3>Absolutely, because humans are tetrapods, which is a type of

1141
00:54:51.480 --> 00:54:54.639
<v Speaker 3>vertebrate that has four legs. That's so weird, you know,

1142
00:54:55.119 --> 00:54:57.320
<v Speaker 3>that's most of the vertebrates that we know, right it

1143
00:54:57.360 --> 00:54:59.800
<v Speaker 3>even whales of tetrapods, I used to have four legs,

1144
00:55:00.199 --> 00:55:02.840
<v Speaker 3>you know, they still have hind quarters, They still have

1145
00:55:02.880 --> 00:55:05.559
<v Speaker 3>a pelvis, and they still sometimes even have a remnant

1146
00:55:05.599 --> 00:55:08.039
<v Speaker 3>of a femur or thigh bone on that pelvis.

1147
00:55:08.239 --> 00:55:09.119
<v Speaker 2>How weird is that?

1148
00:55:09.760 --> 00:55:10.280
<v Speaker 1>Nubbins?

1149
00:55:10.559 --> 00:55:13.159
<v Speaker 2>But nubbins that are huge and pointless.

1150
00:55:13.719 --> 00:55:15.719
<v Speaker 3>Again, you're looking at a body plant's very similar. So

1151
00:55:15.719 --> 00:55:18.199
<v Speaker 3>if I look at a whale's flipper, I am reminded

1152
00:55:18.239 --> 00:55:21.840
<v Speaker 3>of a human because inside that flipper are all the

1153
00:55:21.880 --> 00:55:25.280
<v Speaker 3>same bones that are in our upper extremity. There's a humorus,

1154
00:55:25.360 --> 00:55:27.760
<v Speaker 3>the orang bone, there's the radius and lna, the two

1155
00:55:27.760 --> 00:55:30.679
<v Speaker 3>forearm bones, there's the carpal bones, all the little wrist bones,

1156
00:55:31.039 --> 00:55:34.719
<v Speaker 3>and there are in fact five fingers it's crazy. And

1157
00:55:34.840 --> 00:55:37.880
<v Speaker 3>all little bones of our hands are in a whales flipper,

1158
00:55:37.880 --> 00:55:40.719
<v Speaker 3>except they've added a few extra little bones to the

1159
00:55:40.840 --> 00:55:43.679
<v Speaker 3>ends of the fingers to make them elongated. But that's

1160
00:55:43.679 --> 00:55:44.719
<v Speaker 3>about the only difference.

1161
00:55:45.039 --> 00:55:47.159
<v Speaker 1>It's just like having acrylic nails under there, you know

1162
00:55:47.199 --> 00:55:47.679
<v Speaker 1>what I mean.

1163
00:55:48.199 --> 00:55:54.360
<v Speaker 3>Longer exactly, it's just very very long fingers. But they're webbed,

1164
00:55:55.079 --> 00:55:57.360
<v Speaker 3>and that webbing has become very stiff. So instead of

1165
00:55:57.400 --> 00:55:59.679
<v Speaker 3>like web feel like a duck has, you've got really

1166
00:55:59.719 --> 00:56:02.199
<v Speaker 3>stiff webbing in between those fingers. So when you look

1167
00:56:02.280 --> 00:56:05.880
<v Speaker 3>at the flipper, it's a paddle, but it is supported

1168
00:56:05.880 --> 00:56:09.039
<v Speaker 3>by essentially a hand inside there and the whole arm

1169
00:56:09.400 --> 00:56:11.480
<v Speaker 3>at the beginning of it. And so yes, you start

1170
00:56:11.519 --> 00:56:13.840
<v Speaker 3>to see things that look like humans, but they look

1171
00:56:13.920 --> 00:56:17.239
<v Speaker 3>like other terrestrial mammals as well. They might look like

1172
00:56:17.239 --> 00:56:20.039
<v Speaker 3>a horse because a horse in its ancestry used to

1173
00:56:20.079 --> 00:56:23.480
<v Speaker 3>have five digits too. Oh, but a horse has reduced

1174
00:56:23.480 --> 00:56:26.760
<v Speaker 3>that down to walking on its middle toe. In fact,

1175
00:56:26.840 --> 00:56:29.000
<v Speaker 3>just the nail of its middle toe. That's what the

1176
00:56:29.000 --> 00:56:29.480
<v Speaker 3>hoof is.

1177
00:56:29.800 --> 00:56:30.400
<v Speaker 1>That's so weird.

1178
00:56:30.559 --> 00:56:32.960
<v Speaker 3>And if you look at cattle they're working, they're walking

1179
00:56:33.000 --> 00:56:36.159
<v Speaker 3>on two of those toes. And if you if you

1180
00:56:36.199 --> 00:56:39.440
<v Speaker 3>look at a bird, you'll see Look next time you chicken.

1181
00:56:39.480 --> 00:56:41.360
<v Speaker 3>Go get a chicken wing and look at it really carefully.

1182
00:56:41.400 --> 00:56:42.880
<v Speaker 3>You'll see all the same bones that we have in

1183
00:56:42.880 --> 00:56:45.320
<v Speaker 3>our oper extremity. The said you won't find all five

1184
00:56:45.360 --> 00:56:47.800
<v Speaker 3>fingers anywhere, they've gotten rid of most of them, but

1185
00:56:47.840 --> 00:56:50.320
<v Speaker 3>you will see at least two, maybe three fingers there.

1186
00:56:50.320 --> 00:56:53.519
<v Speaker 3>Because nature is pretty conservative. You take a body plant

1187
00:56:53.719 --> 00:56:56.400
<v Speaker 3>and you just tweak it, you modify it. You don't

1188
00:56:56.800 --> 00:56:59.480
<v Speaker 3>add something completely new. You take something that's there and

1189
00:56:59.519 --> 00:57:03.679
<v Speaker 3>you more fit so it looks new. It's just really

1190
00:57:03.719 --> 00:57:07.480
<v Speaker 3>twisted and different. That's all. It's not really new. Very

1191
00:57:07.599 --> 00:57:10.480
<v Speaker 3>very rarely do you see something that's actually new, because

1192
00:57:10.480 --> 00:57:13.440
<v Speaker 3>that's really hard to accomplish, right, That's what we have

1193
00:57:13.480 --> 00:57:15.280
<v Speaker 3>a lot of fun doing. Looking at a new animal

1194
00:57:15.320 --> 00:57:17.840
<v Speaker 3>for the first time. You don't know necessarily what everything does.

1195
00:57:18.719 --> 00:57:20.559
<v Speaker 3>So one of the questions is, well, what is this

1196
00:57:20.679 --> 00:57:22.840
<v Speaker 3>most like in a human? What is this most like

1197
00:57:22.880 --> 00:57:25.519
<v Speaker 3>in the next animal that is closely related to it?

1198
00:57:26.079 --> 00:57:29.559
<v Speaker 3>Where are the homologies the things that have the same

1199
00:57:29.599 --> 00:57:32.920
<v Speaker 3>tissue origin but maybe have become different structures, like the

1200
00:57:33.480 --> 00:57:37.159
<v Speaker 3>wing of a bird and the flipper of a sea turtle.

1201
00:57:37.239 --> 00:57:41.000
<v Speaker 1>Okay, So what else does Joy's job entail?

1202
00:57:41.239 --> 00:57:42.800
<v Speaker 2>And are you still getting to do a lot of

1203
00:57:42.880 --> 00:57:44.559
<v Speaker 2>drawing and sketching when you're doing this.

1204
00:57:44.599 --> 00:57:46.639
<v Speaker 3>Or oh yeah, oh really. That's one of the best

1205
00:57:46.679 --> 00:57:49.639
<v Speaker 3>things about this career for me is it's a perfect

1206
00:57:49.719 --> 00:57:52.199
<v Speaker 3>combination of my interest in art and science.

1207
00:57:52.719 --> 00:57:53.280
<v Speaker 2>So what kind of.

1208
00:57:53.320 --> 00:57:56.119
<v Speaker 1>Drive do you use like a wake um tablet? Do

1209
00:57:56.159 --> 00:57:57.599
<v Speaker 1>you have your watercolors out?

1210
00:57:57.639 --> 00:57:57.719
<v Speaker 4>Like?

1211
00:57:57.760 --> 00:57:58.719
<v Speaker 1>How are you capturing a.

1212
00:57:58.840 --> 00:58:02.360
<v Speaker 3>Very old school pencil and paper most of the time?

1213
00:58:02.639 --> 00:58:04.320
<v Speaker 1>Is there any place people can see your drugs?

1214
00:58:05.920 --> 00:58:09.519
<v Speaker 3>Usually the finished products can be seen in publications, because well,

1215
00:58:09.559 --> 00:58:12.000
<v Speaker 3>then I'll take that pencil drawing and I'll flesh it

1216
00:58:12.000 --> 00:58:13.119
<v Speaker 3>out as a digital image.

1217
00:58:13.199 --> 00:58:15.559
<v Speaker 2>But would it kill you to start an instagram of sketches?

1218
00:58:15.800 --> 00:58:16.880
<v Speaker 2>Will I convince her?

1219
00:58:17.280 --> 00:58:20.039
<v Speaker 3>Yes? It would kill me. You know why? For two reasons,

1220
00:58:20.480 --> 00:58:23.079
<v Speaker 3>oh man. The one is I don't have the time

1221
00:58:23.119 --> 00:58:25.760
<v Speaker 3>to think about putting stuff like that up. And secondly,

1222
00:58:25.800 --> 00:58:28.119
<v Speaker 3>I don't want to let out information before it's really

1223
00:58:28.559 --> 00:58:31.960
<v Speaker 3>solid information. The good point, you know, that's what publications

1224
00:58:31.960 --> 00:58:34.039
<v Speaker 3>are for, dang it. So we got to make sure

1225
00:58:34.039 --> 00:58:36.199
<v Speaker 3>that the information we're putting out is accurate because people

1226
00:58:36.239 --> 00:58:37.880
<v Speaker 3>will take you know how people take stuff off the

1227
00:58:37.880 --> 00:58:39.679
<v Speaker 3>internet all the time, is like, oh, it's the truth.

1228
00:58:39.679 --> 00:58:41.199
<v Speaker 3>I found it on the internet. Is I'll have to

1229
00:58:41.199 --> 00:58:44.239
<v Speaker 3>follow my publications. Then that's my version of Instagram, right.

1230
00:58:45.239 --> 00:58:47.400
<v Speaker 3>But it's so important to make sure the public gets

1231
00:58:47.440 --> 00:58:50.039
<v Speaker 3>accurate science information. In fact, that's one of the reasons

1232
00:58:50.119 --> 00:58:53.559
<v Speaker 3>I do those TV documentaries because as a scientist, I

1233
00:58:53.639 --> 00:58:58.360
<v Speaker 3>feel that we have an obligation to give information to

1234
00:58:58.400 --> 00:59:00.599
<v Speaker 3>the public. After all, they're the ones that funded our

1235
00:59:00.639 --> 00:59:02.599
<v Speaker 3>work in the first place. Most work is done through

1236
00:59:02.920 --> 00:59:05.719
<v Speaker 3>grant funding, which is your tax dollars at work, or

1237
00:59:05.760 --> 00:59:10.800
<v Speaker 3>your donations if it's from a private foundation. But most

1238
00:59:10.800 --> 00:59:14.639
<v Speaker 3>people don't get any return on their investment. How is

1239
00:59:14.679 --> 00:59:17.719
<v Speaker 3>the public learning about the science that we do? What

1240
00:59:17.760 --> 00:59:20.159
<v Speaker 3>a scientist do? We don't have a normal job. Okay,

1241
00:59:20.599 --> 00:59:22.679
<v Speaker 3>we don't make a widget that you sell. We don't

1242
00:59:22.679 --> 00:59:25.039
<v Speaker 3>provide a service that you can purchase and have us

1243
00:59:25.079 --> 00:59:26.880
<v Speaker 3>come and do it for you. Although there are some

1244
00:59:26.920 --> 00:59:29.360
<v Speaker 3>scientists for hire of course that do work for companies,

1245
00:59:29.400 --> 00:59:34.719
<v Speaker 3>but most scientists, academic scientists, are not for hire that way.

1246
00:59:35.480 --> 00:59:37.519
<v Speaker 3>So what is it that we do with our job?

1247
00:59:37.519 --> 00:59:39.440
<v Speaker 3>People really have no idea what we do because we

1248
00:59:39.440 --> 00:59:42.320
<v Speaker 3>don't sell anything, and we don't provide a service. What

1249
00:59:42.400 --> 00:59:45.800
<v Speaker 3>we do is we make knowledge, and we're supposed to

1250
00:59:45.840 --> 00:59:48.360
<v Speaker 3>give that knowledge back to the public. But what does

1251
00:59:48.400 --> 00:59:52.920
<v Speaker 3>scientists do. They publish that knowledge in highly technical journals

1252
00:59:52.920 --> 00:59:56.360
<v Speaker 3>that only other scientists are reading. So that's our ivory

1253
00:59:56.400 --> 00:59:59.039
<v Speaker 3>tower that we're stuck in, and we need to come

1254
00:59:59.079 --> 01:00:01.440
<v Speaker 3>out of that and get that knowledge back down to

1255
01:00:01.519 --> 01:00:03.360
<v Speaker 3>the public who paid for it in the first place.

1256
01:00:04.000 --> 01:00:06.480
<v Speaker 3>So I feel an obligation to return that information to

1257
01:00:06.519 --> 01:00:08.639
<v Speaker 3>the public, and one of the best ways to do

1258
01:00:08.679 --> 01:00:13.719
<v Speaker 3>that is through various types of public outreach. Public lectures, demonstrations,

1259
01:00:13.800 --> 01:00:20.320
<v Speaker 3>go to the schools, interact with the children, pats, podcasts exactly, interviews,

1260
01:00:20.480 --> 01:00:24.800
<v Speaker 3>ted talks, and television, because all of these media are

1261
01:00:24.880 --> 01:00:28.280
<v Speaker 3>ways to engage the public in the science that we're

1262
01:00:28.320 --> 01:00:30.840
<v Speaker 3>doing so that they can learn. Why is it that

1263
01:00:30.880 --> 01:00:34.679
<v Speaker 3>I study whales in the first place? They're awesome animals.

1264
01:00:35.000 --> 01:00:37.719
<v Speaker 3>These animals are adapted to deep sea diving the encounter

1265
01:00:37.840 --> 01:00:41.119
<v Speaker 3>huge pressure changes. If we can understand how they survive

1266
01:00:41.159 --> 01:00:44.599
<v Speaker 3>those pressure changes, maybe we can build better flack jackets

1267
01:00:44.639 --> 01:00:48.000
<v Speaker 3>for our soldiers who are essentially exposed to a pressure

1268
01:00:48.000 --> 01:00:50.719
<v Speaker 3>wave every time an explosion goes off next to them.

1269
01:00:51.280 --> 01:00:54.039
<v Speaker 3>They don't do so well in those pressure waves. Whales

1270
01:00:54.079 --> 01:00:57.559
<v Speaker 3>do great in those pressures, as they change pressures voluntarily

1271
01:00:57.719 --> 01:00:59.519
<v Speaker 3>every time they sum up and down the water column.

1272
01:01:00.039 --> 01:01:02.199
<v Speaker 3>But they're doing something in their bodies and we don't

1273
01:01:02.239 --> 01:01:04.519
<v Speaker 3>know exactly what it is. How come they don't get

1274
01:01:04.559 --> 01:01:08.000
<v Speaker 3>decompression sickness? How do they avoid the bends? All of

1275
01:01:08.000 --> 01:01:10.920
<v Speaker 3>these are very interesting questions for us. There's so many

1276
01:01:10.960 --> 01:01:12.800
<v Speaker 3>things that they do that we don't understand. How did

1277
01:01:12.840 --> 01:01:15.719
<v Speaker 3>they communicate underwater? How did they get those sounds out

1278
01:01:16.280 --> 01:01:18.519
<v Speaker 3>of their body when they're making them using an air

1279
01:01:18.599 --> 01:01:22.000
<v Speaker 3>driven system, which is evolutionary baggage from having been a

1280
01:01:22.280 --> 01:01:26.440
<v Speaker 3>land animal. They're still using air. That's a liability for

1281
01:01:26.480 --> 01:01:28.880
<v Speaker 3>an aquatic animal because now you got to keep coming

1282
01:01:28.920 --> 01:01:30.599
<v Speaker 3>back to the service to get more of it, and

1283
01:01:30.639 --> 01:01:32.880
<v Speaker 3>every time you dive down it shrinks to the tiniest

1284
01:01:32.880 --> 01:01:35.920
<v Speaker 3>little volume that you can barely work with. And if

1285
01:01:35.960 --> 01:01:38.119
<v Speaker 3>you have air in anything solid like a sinus, that's

1286
01:01:38.159 --> 01:01:41.719
<v Speaker 3>going to crack. So you've got to make adaptations that

1287
01:01:41.800 --> 01:01:44.320
<v Speaker 3>deal with the pressure changes. When we crack that code,

1288
01:01:44.360 --> 01:01:48.039
<v Speaker 3>Hopefully we can make better transmitters for sound underwater, for

1289
01:01:48.119 --> 01:01:51.480
<v Speaker 3>communication devices or whatever. But there are all kinds of

1290
01:01:51.480 --> 01:01:52.920
<v Speaker 3>things that we want to learn. We will learn how

1291
01:01:52.920 --> 01:01:55.360
<v Speaker 3>dolphins make their son aar. We know a lot about

1292
01:01:55.400 --> 01:01:58.280
<v Speaker 3>how they do it, you don't understand how they process

1293
01:01:58.320 --> 01:02:04.239
<v Speaker 3>it though, ocky talk, ma'am right, and if we could,

1294
01:02:04.239 --> 01:02:07.400
<v Speaker 3>maybe we could make better sonar for ourselves. Dolphins can

1295
01:02:07.440 --> 01:02:10.119
<v Speaker 3>actually detect a mine buried under the sand.

1296
01:02:10.559 --> 01:02:12.199
<v Speaker 2>Okay, so wait, whoa what?

1297
01:02:12.480 --> 01:02:12.519
<v Speaker 4>What?

1298
01:02:12.719 --> 01:02:13.000
<v Speaker 3>What?

1299
01:02:13.559 --> 01:02:16.159
<v Speaker 2>Okay? This is a thing I just found myself on

1300
01:02:16.280 --> 01:02:20.760
<v Speaker 2>a wiki page entitled military dolphins what and it says

1301
01:02:21.039 --> 01:02:25.159
<v Speaker 2>the dolphins and sea lions are trained by the Navy's

1302
01:02:25.320 --> 01:02:29.000
<v Speaker 2>Marine Mammal Fleet. Dolphins are trained as much as police

1303
01:02:29.119 --> 01:02:32.440
<v Speaker 2>and hunting dogs, and are given rewards such as fish

1304
01:02:32.719 --> 01:02:36.519
<v Speaker 2>on correct completion of a task. So dolphins are trained

1305
01:02:36.559 --> 01:02:40.880
<v Speaker 2>to detect underwater mines and enemy swimmers and then report

1306
01:02:41.039 --> 01:02:43.559
<v Speaker 2>back to their handlers. How weird is it that there

1307
01:02:43.559 --> 01:02:45.760
<v Speaker 2>are dolphins who are like, yes, yes, I mean, I

1308
01:02:45.800 --> 01:02:48.559
<v Speaker 2>appreciate the fish salary, but I also find my work

1309
01:02:48.679 --> 01:02:51.760
<v Speaker 2>very fulfilling. I'm good at my job and helping people.

1310
01:02:53.159 --> 01:02:57.159
<v Speaker 3>Not only can they detect it through multiple materials, we

1311
01:02:57.239 --> 01:03:00.480
<v Speaker 3>can't art zonar reflex it the first density interface change,

1312
01:03:01.239 --> 01:03:02.920
<v Speaker 3>but they can tell you if that's that mine is

1313
01:03:02.960 --> 01:03:06.239
<v Speaker 3>flooded with water or air, if it's made of plastic

1314
01:03:06.360 --> 01:03:09.360
<v Speaker 3>or metal, you know, if it's ticking, you know, all

1315
01:03:09.480 --> 01:03:12.320
<v Speaker 3>kinds of things that they can tell us. We can't

1316
01:03:12.320 --> 01:03:14.599
<v Speaker 3>see that. Our sonar is way too coarse. We can

1317
01:03:14.599 --> 01:03:17.159
<v Speaker 3>barely tell a school of fish from a whale going by.

1318
01:03:17.440 --> 01:03:20.199
<v Speaker 3>It's just a blob on the sonar screen, you know.

1319
01:03:20.239 --> 01:03:22.480
<v Speaker 3>And the dolphin is looking at a fish and goes, hmm,

1320
01:03:22.480 --> 01:03:24.119
<v Speaker 3>I know exactly what kind of fish that is. It's

1321
01:03:24.159 --> 01:03:25.639
<v Speaker 3>a butterfish, and I know how big it is, and

1322
01:03:25.679 --> 01:03:27.719
<v Speaker 3>when it's going to turn, and how many scales are

1323
01:03:27.760 --> 01:03:30.320
<v Speaker 3>missing on the right side, and where it's swim bladder is.

1324
01:03:30.639 --> 01:03:34.880
<v Speaker 3>You know, they can see all of that. What's the

1325
01:03:34.920 --> 01:03:38.920
<v Speaker 3>closest we've come ultrasound We can look inside and see

1326
01:03:38.920 --> 01:03:42.440
<v Speaker 3>someone was pregnant. I remember when I was swimming once

1327
01:03:42.480 --> 01:03:44.679
<v Speaker 3>off the coast of Florida and two dolphins came over

1328
01:03:44.719 --> 01:03:46.679
<v Speaker 3>to check me out. I was pregnant at the time,

1329
01:03:46.719 --> 01:03:48.679
<v Speaker 3>and I'm pretty sure that's why they came to check

1330
01:03:48.760 --> 01:03:52.119
<v Speaker 3>me out, because they could see what's going on inside

1331
01:03:52.159 --> 01:03:53.039
<v Speaker 3>with their sonar.

1332
01:03:53.320 --> 01:03:54.280
<v Speaker 1>Oh, that's so.

1333
01:03:54.960 --> 01:03:57.000
<v Speaker 3>It was amazing. They stay just out of reach. I

1334
01:03:57.000 --> 01:03:59.239
<v Speaker 3>can reach my hand out and almost touched them, and

1335
01:03:59.280 --> 01:04:01.199
<v Speaker 3>it's you know, they they just be on the edge

1336
01:04:01.199 --> 01:04:03.440
<v Speaker 3>of my fingertips. Oh and as soon as I would

1337
01:04:03.440 --> 01:04:05.039
<v Speaker 3>reach them, they would they would dive under and come

1338
01:04:05.079 --> 01:04:07.760
<v Speaker 3>up surface behind me. I hear the blow behind my head.

1339
01:04:07.800 --> 01:04:09.599
<v Speaker 3>I turn around and they play the same game. It

1340
01:04:09.639 --> 01:04:11.199
<v Speaker 3>was always this game of keep away. But they were

1341
01:04:11.480 --> 01:04:13.920
<v Speaker 3>just close enough you could almost touch them.

1342
01:04:14.119 --> 01:04:15.880
<v Speaker 1>They're like, why she got another little baby?

1343
01:04:15.920 --> 01:04:18.280
<v Speaker 3>And that's right. I think they knew. I think they

1344
01:04:18.280 --> 01:04:20.280
<v Speaker 3>totally knew. And they were totally fascinated by why this

1345
01:04:20.440 --> 01:04:21.960
<v Speaker 3>extra little creature was on board.

1346
01:04:22.039 --> 01:04:24.000
<v Speaker 1>Oh my god, that's so cool.

1347
01:04:24.199 --> 01:04:27.039
<v Speaker 3>But they were probably able to see so much more

1348
01:04:27.079 --> 01:04:29.519
<v Speaker 3>than we could see with our simple ultrasound. Because our

1349
01:04:29.599 --> 01:04:32.599
<v Speaker 3>ultrasound you see it in one dimension, it looks like static.

1350
01:04:32.599 --> 01:04:34.000
<v Speaker 3>If you don't see it as a movie, you really

1351
01:04:34.039 --> 01:04:36.920
<v Speaker 3>get lost in the dots. I'm sure they're seeing things

1352
01:04:36.920 --> 01:04:39.239
<v Speaker 3>in three D. And you know, they probably got all

1353
01:04:39.320 --> 01:04:42.119
<v Speaker 3>kinds of you know, accommodations for the motion as well

1354
01:04:42.159 --> 01:04:45.039
<v Speaker 3>as the three dimensionality of it, and they process it

1355
01:04:45.079 --> 01:04:49.039
<v Speaker 3>interestingly in their visual cortex, so they may be seeing

1356
01:04:49.079 --> 01:04:51.519
<v Speaker 3>it as an image even though it's sound. Coming back

1357
01:04:51.599 --> 01:04:51.920
<v Speaker 3>to them.

1358
01:04:52.000 --> 01:04:53.800
<v Speaker 1>They're like, oh, it's a girl, and you're like, whoa, hey,

1359
01:04:53.840 --> 01:04:54.199
<v Speaker 1>I know.

1360
01:04:56.760 --> 01:04:59.559
<v Speaker 2>Now I just want to evolve myself back into the

1361
01:04:59.599 --> 01:05:03.119
<v Speaker 2>sea in a land where dolphins are my doctors and

1362
01:05:03.239 --> 01:05:04.519
<v Speaker 2>sea lions have my back.

1363
01:05:04.800 --> 01:05:05.559
<v Speaker 1>What is life?

1364
01:05:05.920 --> 01:05:08.480
<v Speaker 2>But since I'm land bound for now, I have a

1365
01:05:08.559 --> 01:05:11.320
<v Speaker 2>question that I feel Joy won't judge me about.

1366
01:05:12.239 --> 01:05:14.159
<v Speaker 1>I have this theory that I always try to talk.

1367
01:05:14.039 --> 01:05:17.360
<v Speaker 2>To Tomiold just about and you're the one person I

1368
01:05:17.360 --> 01:05:19.840
<v Speaker 2>feel like, well, definitely give me a heads or tails

1369
01:05:19.840 --> 01:05:22.239
<v Speaker 2>on this, but no pun intended. But how do you

1370
01:05:22.320 --> 01:05:27.400
<v Speaker 2>feel about the automotive design and how much it's modeled

1371
01:05:27.400 --> 01:05:30.239
<v Speaker 2>on quadrupeds? I'm so fascinated by, like we have the

1372
01:05:30.280 --> 01:05:33.679
<v Speaker 2>engine in the front, four tires, four legs, two headlights,

1373
01:05:34.079 --> 01:05:36.760
<v Speaker 2>and also genus and species, like a make and model.

1374
01:05:36.960 --> 01:05:38.719
<v Speaker 2>Do you ever think about that, like when you're driving

1375
01:05:38.719 --> 01:05:42.280
<v Speaker 2>around how we model things in our lives with like

1376
01:05:42.320 --> 01:05:44.400
<v Speaker 2>bilateral symmetry airplanes like birds?

1377
01:05:44.440 --> 01:05:46.599
<v Speaker 1>Does that ever? Is that just like such a duh

1378
01:05:46.639 --> 01:05:46.880
<v Speaker 1>for you?

1379
01:05:47.519 --> 01:05:49.360
<v Speaker 3>I would say it's such a dumb But I think

1380
01:05:49.480 --> 01:05:53.400
<v Speaker 3>biomimetics is a really important thing, you know, modeling things

1381
01:05:53.400 --> 01:05:55.679
<v Speaker 3>on nature. I mean, the first airplanes were really modeled

1382
01:05:55.719 --> 01:05:58.480
<v Speaker 3>on birds. You know, they even tried to flap the

1383
01:05:58.519 --> 01:06:00.599
<v Speaker 3>wings on Oregon.

1384
01:06:00.679 --> 01:06:03.119
<v Speaker 4>Hank Cretis took a running start to fame and fortune

1385
01:06:03.159 --> 01:06:05.719
<v Speaker 4>with his version of what believe this bird man should wear?

1386
01:06:06.159 --> 01:06:07.960
<v Speaker 4>But it's fire and went in the wrong direction.

1387
01:06:08.239 --> 01:06:11.840
<v Speaker 2>Nah, harsh bale, old timey bird dude.

1388
01:06:12.159 --> 01:06:14.360
<v Speaker 3>If you look at submarines and they're rudders, it's really

1389
01:06:14.360 --> 01:06:16.559
<v Speaker 3>not all that different than a fishtail, you know. And

1390
01:06:17.960 --> 01:06:22.039
<v Speaker 3>I think biomemicry is important. Why do we have four

1391
01:06:22.039 --> 01:06:24.039
<v Speaker 3>wheels on a car? You know, You're right, it does

1392
01:06:24.119 --> 01:06:26.880
<v Speaker 3>kind of remind you of four legs? Why not two? Well,

1393
01:06:26.920 --> 01:06:29.480
<v Speaker 3>it's not a stable into look alone, it takes us

1394
01:06:29.480 --> 01:06:31.960
<v Speaker 3>to learn how to walk on two legs. Start out crawling.

1395
01:06:31.960 --> 01:06:35.599
<v Speaker 3>It's anny more stable, you know. So it's just efficiency

1396
01:06:35.639 --> 01:06:38.639
<v Speaker 3>and design is based on nature. There are very few

1397
01:06:38.679 --> 01:06:40.679
<v Speaker 3>animals to walk around two legs. It's not the most

1398
01:06:40.679 --> 01:06:44.960
<v Speaker 3>efficient design for stability. There are advantages, which is why

1399
01:06:45.000 --> 01:06:49.199
<v Speaker 3>we do walk on two legs, but again it is unstable.

1400
01:06:49.920 --> 01:06:52.840
<v Speaker 3>So yeah, I think about it, but I think more

1401
01:06:52.880 --> 01:06:54.639
<v Speaker 3>about things When I think about car, I think more

1402
01:06:54.679 --> 01:06:57.239
<v Speaker 3>about what are we going to have those driverless cars?

1403
01:06:57.360 --> 01:06:58.320
<v Speaker 3>That's what I'm thinking about.

1404
01:06:58.639 --> 01:07:01.480
<v Speaker 2>I know, every time I drive a car, I'm like,

1405
01:07:01.480 --> 01:07:03.000
<v Speaker 2>We're gonna look back and be like, wait, you put

1406
01:07:03.039 --> 01:07:05.880
<v Speaker 2>just a human being who could just sneeze and kill

1407
01:07:05.920 --> 01:07:09.639
<v Speaker 2>people in this machine. This is ridiculous. So two last questions.

1408
01:07:09.800 --> 01:07:12.119
<v Speaker 2>One is what is the thing about your.

1409
01:07:12.039 --> 01:07:14.400
<v Speaker 1>Job that sucks the most?

1410
01:07:14.559 --> 01:07:16.840
<v Speaker 2>What it's the hardest part of your job, the most tedious,

1411
01:07:16.880 --> 01:07:18.440
<v Speaker 2>the most like, oh god.

1412
01:07:19.840 --> 01:07:24.320
<v Speaker 3>Reading, really believe it? Or not reading? I hate reading, really.

1413
01:07:24.400 --> 01:07:25.960
<v Speaker 3>I think that's why I went to anatomy, because all

1414
01:07:26.000 --> 01:07:29.480
<v Speaker 3>the books have pictures in them. I think I'm mildly

1415
01:07:29.920 --> 01:07:32.400
<v Speaker 3>dyslexic in some way. I think I think decoding is

1416
01:07:32.920 --> 01:07:34.639
<v Speaker 3>more laborious for me than it probably is for the

1417
01:07:34.679 --> 01:07:37.159
<v Speaker 3>average person. I read very slowly. I can't read faster

1418
01:07:37.599 --> 01:07:39.880
<v Speaker 3>than I can hear the voice in my head saying

1419
01:07:40.159 --> 01:07:42.559
<v Speaker 3>the sounds as I read. Some people can read a

1420
01:07:42.599 --> 01:07:45.159
<v Speaker 3>lot faster. I just don't decode that fast. But I

1421
01:07:45.199 --> 01:07:49.559
<v Speaker 3>find reading really really tedious, and so yeah's.

1422
01:07:49.239 --> 01:07:49.800
<v Speaker 1>A lot of infro.

1423
01:07:49.840 --> 01:07:51.679
<v Speaker 3>I would say that's that's the worst part, because as

1424
01:07:51.679 --> 01:07:54.079
<v Speaker 3>an academic you have to keep up with it. You know.

1425
01:07:54.360 --> 01:07:56.719
<v Speaker 3>I'm on editorial boards of journals, I have to read.

1426
01:07:56.800 --> 01:08:00.360
<v Speaker 3>I do really really careful reviews of articles there again me,

1427
01:08:00.519 --> 01:08:03.880
<v Speaker 3>I bet yeah, And I read every single word with intention,

1428
01:08:04.760 --> 01:08:06.480
<v Speaker 3>and I write the same way. So I'm very slow

1429
01:08:06.519 --> 01:08:10.159
<v Speaker 3>at writing. So reading and writing, I would say, which

1430
01:08:10.159 --> 01:08:11.320
<v Speaker 3>is kind of my nemesis.

1431
01:08:11.800 --> 01:08:15.079
<v Speaker 2>And that's so impressive that you have the job you have,

1432
01:08:15.280 --> 01:08:17.720
<v Speaker 2>knowing that that is a string, that that's a little

1433
01:08:17.720 --> 01:08:19.279
<v Speaker 2>bit of a struggle or that's like a little bit

1434
01:08:19.319 --> 01:08:21.119
<v Speaker 2>of a labor for you.

1435
01:08:21.600 --> 01:08:23.159
<v Speaker 1>And on top of that.

1436
01:08:23.039 --> 01:08:27.279
<v Speaker 2>You've achieved everything you've achieved. It's like that that's even more,

1437
01:08:27.520 --> 01:08:28.640
<v Speaker 2>that's even more inspiring.

1438
01:08:28.640 --> 01:08:29.640
<v Speaker 1>You know, well, thank you.

1439
01:08:30.359 --> 01:08:31.960
<v Speaker 3>And I don't know if I would have qualified for

1440
01:08:32.000 --> 01:08:34.279
<v Speaker 3>extra time back in the day. It didn't have a

1441
01:08:34.359 --> 01:08:35.279
<v Speaker 3>label for what I had.

1442
01:08:36.880 --> 01:08:38.399
<v Speaker 2>What is the thing that you love about your job

1443
01:08:38.439 --> 01:08:40.239
<v Speaker 2>so much? I know there must be like twelve things.

1444
01:08:40.439 --> 01:08:42.520
<v Speaker 3>Oh there's so many things, But I think just the

1445
01:08:42.520 --> 01:08:46.439
<v Speaker 3>freedom to explore is the most amazing part of it.

1446
01:08:46.439 --> 01:08:48.640
<v Speaker 3>It just I can, like I said before, I ask

1447
01:08:48.680 --> 01:08:52.720
<v Speaker 3>any question and answer it my way by doing the work.

1448
01:08:53.319 --> 01:08:55.960
<v Speaker 3>I love working with my hands. I love the exploration

1449
01:08:56.119 --> 01:08:59.560
<v Speaker 3>of something new, something society. Every time I get a

1450
01:08:59.600 --> 01:09:01.439
<v Speaker 3>new animal to look at, it's like having a present

1451
01:09:01.880 --> 01:09:03.880
<v Speaker 3>show up in the lab. I'm like, wow, this is great.

1452
01:09:03.880 --> 01:09:07.159
<v Speaker 3>And I love doing field work. So you know, the whales,

1453
01:09:07.319 --> 01:09:09.039
<v Speaker 3>they have to be done as fieldwork. They're just too big.

1454
01:09:09.039 --> 01:09:10.159
<v Speaker 3>It can't bring them into the lab.

1455
01:09:10.319 --> 01:09:11.039
<v Speaker 1>That's not happening.

1456
01:09:11.119 --> 01:09:13.399
<v Speaker 3>And so I love being outdoors and so field work

1457
01:09:13.479 --> 01:09:16.039
<v Speaker 3>is great. Traveling is great. I love doing two exotic

1458
01:09:16.079 --> 01:09:17.560
<v Speaker 3>places to see exotic animals.

1459
01:09:17.920 --> 01:09:20.880
<v Speaker 2>It's so great that after going through yellow Pages, going

1460
01:09:20.920 --> 01:09:24.359
<v Speaker 2>through all these different disciplines, you one million percent found

1461
01:09:24.760 --> 01:09:27.159
<v Speaker 2>the career that like is You've nailed it. Like you

1462
01:09:27.239 --> 01:09:27.840
<v Speaker 2>found the career.

1463
01:09:28.039 --> 01:09:29.640
<v Speaker 1>We get to draw, you get to learn, you.

1464
01:09:29.600 --> 01:09:32.399
<v Speaker 2>Get to help people like like you, you figured it out.

1465
01:09:32.439 --> 01:09:34.039
<v Speaker 2>That must be you must want to go back in

1466
01:09:34.079 --> 01:09:35.439
<v Speaker 2>time and be like yo, little joy.

1467
01:09:35.840 --> 01:09:39.399
<v Speaker 3>Fine, Absolutely well. I think that the best way to

1468
01:09:39.399 --> 01:09:40.960
<v Speaker 3>sum that up is I don't really feel like I

1469
01:09:41.000 --> 01:09:43.359
<v Speaker 3>go to work every day. I go to play. You know,

1470
01:09:43.399 --> 01:09:45.000
<v Speaker 3>if you're going to do your job the whole rest

1471
01:09:45.039 --> 01:09:47.079
<v Speaker 3>of your life, that's you only get one life to live.

1472
01:09:47.119 --> 01:09:49.520
<v Speaker 3>You don't want to spend it doing something you don't like. Yeah,

1473
01:09:49.600 --> 01:09:52.000
<v Speaker 3>you want to go to work knowing it's not really

1474
01:09:52.159 --> 01:09:55.239
<v Speaker 3>work works the wrong word for it. I'm excited about

1475
01:09:55.279 --> 01:09:58.399
<v Speaker 3>it when I come here, I'm here to play that's.

1476
01:09:58.279 --> 01:10:00.319
<v Speaker 2>Rad and I love that. Later you're just like Lemur.

1477
01:10:00.399 --> 01:10:03.159
<v Speaker 2>I got a Limur coming up, no bail. Thank you

1478
01:10:03.279 --> 01:10:05.880
<v Speaker 2>so much for doing this. I'm just so excited to

1479
01:10:05.880 --> 01:10:07.359
<v Speaker 2>get to talk to you and thank you so much

1480
01:10:07.359 --> 01:10:07.960
<v Speaker 2>for doing this.

1481
01:10:08.159 --> 01:10:10.319
<v Speaker 3>You're welcome. It's been fun. Thank you.

1482
01:10:10.520 --> 01:10:15.319
<v Speaker 2>I loved it so As always, ask smart people juicy,

1483
01:10:15.399 --> 01:10:18.520
<v Speaker 2>spicy questions because you never know. You never know what

1484
01:10:18.640 --> 01:10:22.239
<v Speaker 2>kind of glorious stories may unfold. Now, to follow up

1485
01:10:22.279 --> 01:10:25.520
<v Speaker 2>on your new obsession with doctor Joy Ridenberg, catch her

1486
01:10:25.600 --> 01:10:28.520
<v Speaker 2>on Science Channel's Mythical Beasts. You can find her on

1487
01:10:28.560 --> 01:10:32.039
<v Speaker 2>Twitter at Joy Ridenberg. You cannot find her drawings on

1488
01:10:32.079 --> 01:10:36.279
<v Speaker 2>Instagram as discussed, but that's okay. She's also on Facebook

1489
01:10:36.319 --> 01:10:41.399
<v Speaker 2>as Ridenberg TV and ologies is at ologies on Twitter

1490
01:10:41.600 --> 01:10:45.399
<v Speaker 2>and Instagram. Do give us a follow. I'm Ali Ward

1491
01:10:45.439 --> 01:10:47.760
<v Speaker 2>with one L on both and there are links in

1492
01:10:47.800 --> 01:10:50.039
<v Speaker 2>the show notes to all of this. There are also

1493
01:10:50.079 --> 01:10:53.079
<v Speaker 2>links to support even a dollar a month on patreon

1494
01:10:53.159 --> 01:10:56.920
<v Speaker 2>dot com slash ologies. You can get amazing merch at

1495
01:10:56.960 --> 01:11:00.439
<v Speaker 2>ologiesmerch dot com. Feel free to tag or DM me

1496
01:11:00.479 --> 01:11:04.560
<v Speaker 2>photos of you in it with the hashtag ologies merch mondays.

1497
01:11:04.560 --> 01:11:08.279
<v Speaker 2>I repost them on Instagram. Thanks Aaron Talbert for admining

1498
01:11:08.399 --> 01:11:12.279
<v Speaker 2>the Internet haven that is Theologies Facebook group, and I

1499
01:11:12.319 --> 01:11:15.359
<v Speaker 2>owe a hoil of thanks every week to editor Stephen

1500
01:11:15.399 --> 01:11:18.520
<v Speaker 2>Ray Morris, who also hosts the kiddie podcast The per

1501
01:11:18.640 --> 01:11:21.680
<v Speaker 2>Cast and ce Jurassic Right, which is all about dinos.

1502
01:11:22.319 --> 01:11:24.880
<v Speaker 2>Nick Thorburn made the music and is in a band

1503
01:11:24.920 --> 01:11:27.960
<v Speaker 2>called Islands. Now at the end of the episode, you

1504
01:11:28.079 --> 01:11:29.760
<v Speaker 2>know that I tell a secret.

1505
01:11:30.319 --> 01:11:31.079
<v Speaker 1>Look at you.

1506
01:11:31.079 --> 01:11:32.560
<v Speaker 2>You listen to the whole thing, and here we are

1507
01:11:32.600 --> 01:11:34.840
<v Speaker 2>with a brand new secret. So this is the night

1508
01:11:34.960 --> 01:11:37.399
<v Speaker 2>before I'm going in for surgery, and I will tell

1509
01:11:37.399 --> 01:11:38.920
<v Speaker 2>you guys all about it once I'm on the other

1510
01:11:38.960 --> 01:11:41.720
<v Speaker 2>side of it, and I'm hoping to get some good

1511
01:11:42.039 --> 01:11:45.039
<v Speaker 2>life lessons out of it via a field trip episode.

1512
01:11:45.239 --> 01:11:47.560
<v Speaker 2>But yeah, okay, so it's the night before. I've got

1513
01:11:47.560 --> 01:11:49.680
<v Speaker 2>to go in at five in the morning. It's like

1514
01:11:50.000 --> 01:11:53.199
<v Speaker 2>nine thirty at night, the night before. I am recording

1515
01:11:53.239 --> 01:11:58.000
<v Speaker 2>this with haired eye on my roots because for some reason,

1516
01:11:58.520 --> 01:12:02.399
<v Speaker 2>going in with roof and some just kind of ragged

1517
01:12:02.680 --> 01:12:04.800
<v Speaker 2>looking hair, I'm like, you know what, I'm going to

1518
01:12:04.880 --> 01:12:07.840
<v Speaker 2>go in there at least with my hair freshly done.

1519
01:12:07.880 --> 01:12:10.119
<v Speaker 2>But I do have to tell the anthesiologists that I'm

1520
01:12:10.159 --> 01:12:12.119
<v Speaker 2>not a real redhead because I don't want to mess

1521
01:12:12.159 --> 01:12:13.800
<v Speaker 2>up the dosaches. And if you want to hear more

1522
01:12:13.800 --> 01:12:17.239
<v Speaker 2>about that, oh, I can't remember what episode we talked

1523
01:12:17.239 --> 01:12:17.560
<v Speaker 2>about it.

1524
01:12:17.640 --> 01:12:18.600
<v Speaker 1>So just listen to all of them.

1525
01:12:18.760 --> 01:12:22.359
<v Speaker 2>Okay, wish me luck. Next week your secret will be

1526
01:12:22.439 --> 01:12:37.079
<v Speaker 2>how I'm doing. Okay, byebye, pacadermatology, homeology, ydo zoology, lithology, technology, meteorology, paratology, nathology, zeiology, stellatology.

1527
01:12:43.920 --> 01:12:49.000
<v Speaker 3>Hi King snorky hereby banish all humans to the sea. Wow,

1528
01:12:49.119 --> 01:12:51.560
<v Speaker 3>it's like even useful. You know, I'm not just having fun.