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Speaker 1: Barring out at schools. A curious custom used to obtain

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in some schools just before the Christmas holidays, of barring

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out the master and keeping him out of the schoolroom

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until the boy's grievances had been listened to and promise

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of redress given. And the best account of this custom

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that I have ever met with is in the Gentleman's

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Magazine for eighteen twenty eight, Volume two, page four four, etc.

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It was a few days before the usual period of

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the Christmas holidays arrived when the leading scholars of the

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head form determined on reviving the ancient but obsolete custom

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of barring out the master of the school. Many years

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had elapsed since he attempt had succeeded, and many times

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since that period it had been made in vain. The

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scholars had heard of glorious feats of their forefathers in

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their boyish years, when they had set the lash of

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the master at defiance days together. Now alas all was changed.

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The master, in the opinion of the boys, reigned a despot,

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absolute and uncontrolled. The merciless, cruelty of his rod and

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the heaviness of his desks were insupportable. The accustomed holidays

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had been rescinded, the usual Christmas feast reduced to a nonentity,

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and the chartered rights of the scholars were continually violated.

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These grievances were discussed serriatum, and we were all unanimously

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of opinion that our wrongs should, if possible, be redressed.

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But how the object should be effected was a momentous

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and weighty affair. The master was a clergyman of the

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Old School, who for the last forty years had exercised

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an authority hitherto uncontrolled, and who had no idea of

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enforcing scholastic discipline without the exercise of the whip. The

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consequences of a failure were terrible to think upon, but

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then the anticipation of success and the glory attendant upon

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the enterprise if successful, were sufficient to dispel every fear.

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At the head of the Greek class was one whose

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very soul seemed formed for the most daring attempts. He

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communicated his intentions to a chosen few, of which the

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writer was one, and offered to be the leader of

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the undertaking if we would promise him our support. We hesitated,

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but he represented the certainty of success with such feeling

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eloquence that he entirely subdued our opposition. He stated that

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Addison had acquired immortal fame by a similar enterprise. He

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told us that almost every effort in the sacred cause

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of freedom had succeeded. He appealed to our classical recollections.

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Epaminondas and Leonidas were worthy of our example. Tarquin and

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Caesar as tyrants had fallen before the united efforts of freedom.

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We only had to be unanimous, and the rod of

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this scholastic despot would be forever broken. We then entered

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enthusiastically into his views. He observed that delays were dangerous.

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The barring out, he said, should take place the very

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next morning to prevent the possibility of being betrayed. On

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a previous occasion, he said, some officious little urchin had

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told the Master the whole plot several days, having been

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allowed to intervene between the planning of the project and

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its execution, And to the astonishment of the boys, it

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appeared they found the Master at his desk two hours

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before his usual time, and had the mortification of being

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congratulated on their early attendants, with an order to be

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there every morning at the same hour. To prevent the

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occurrence of such a defeat, we determined on organizing our plans.

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That very night. The boys were accordingly told to assemble

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after school hours at a well known tombstone in the

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neighboring churchyard, as something of importance was under consideration. The

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place of meeting was an elevated parallelogram tombstone, which had

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always served as a kind of council table to settle

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our little disputes as well as parties of pleasure. Here

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we all assembled at the appointed time. Our leader took

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his stand at one end of the stone, with the

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head boys who were in the secret on each side

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of him. My boys, he laconically observed, to morrow morning,

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we are to bar out the flogging parson and make

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him promise that he will not flog us hereafter without

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a cause, nor set us long tasks or deprive us

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of our holidays. The boys of the Greek form will

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be your captains, and I am to be your captain general.

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Those that are cowards are better retire and be satisfied

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with future floggings. But you who have courage and know

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what it is to have been flogged for nothing, come

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here and sign your names He immediately pulled out a

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pen and sheet of paper, and, having tied some bits

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of thread round the finger ends of two or three

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boys with a pin, he drew blood. To answer for ink,

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and to give more solemnity to the act. He signed first,

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the Captain's next, and the rest in succession. Many of

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the lesser boys slunk away during the ceremony, but on

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counting the names, we mustered upwards of forty sufficient it

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was imagined even to carry the school by storm. The

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Captain General then addressed us, I have the keys of

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the school and shall be there at seven o'clock. The

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old parson will arrive at nine, and every one of

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you must be there before eight to allow us one

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hour for barricading the doors and windows. Bring with you

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as much provision as you can, and tell your parents

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that you have to take your dinners in school. Let

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every one of you have some weapon of defense. Those

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who cannot obtain a sword, pistol or poker must bring

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a stick or cudgel. Now all go home directly and

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be sure to arrive early in the morning. Perhaps a

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more restless and anxious night was never passed by young

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recruits on the eve of a general battle. Many of

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us rose some hours before the time, and at seven

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o'clock when the school door was opened, there was a

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tolerably numerous muster. Our captain immediately ordered candles to be

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lighted and a rousing fire to be made, for it

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was a dark December morning. He then began to examine

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the store of provisions and the arms which each had brought.

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In the meantime, the arrival of every boy with additional

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material was announced by tremendous cheers. At length, the church

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clock struck eight. Proceed to barricade the doors and windows,

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exclaimed the captain or the old Lion, will be upon

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us before we are prepared to meet him. In an instant,

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the old oaken door rang on its heavy hinges. Some

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with hammers, gimlets and nails were eagerly securing the windows,

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while others were dragging along the ponderous desks, forms and

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everything portable to blockade with certain security every place which

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might admit of ingress. This operation being completed, the captain

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mounted the master's rostrum and called over the list of names.

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When he found only two or three missing, He then

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proceeded to classify them into divisions or companies of six

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and assigned to each its respective captain. He prescribed the

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duties of each company. Two were to guard the large

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casement windows, where it was expected the first attack would

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be made. This was considered a post of honor, and

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consequently the strongest boys with the most formidable weapons were selected,

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whom we called grenadiers. Another company, whom we considered as

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the light infantry or sharpshooters, were ordered to mount a

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large desk at the center of the school, and armed

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with squibs, crackers and various missiles. They were to attack

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the enemy over the heads of the competence. The other

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divisions were to guard the back windows and door, and

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to act according to the emergency of the moment. Our

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leader then moved some resolutions, which, in imitation of Brutus,

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he had cogitated during the previous night, to the effect

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that each individual should implicitly obey his own captain, and

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that each captain should follow the orders of the Captain General,

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and that a cord a reserve should be stationed in

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the rear to enforce this obedience and prevent the competence

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from taking to flight. The resolutions were passed amid loud vociferations.

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We next commenced an examination of the various weapons, and

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found them to consist of one old blunderbus, one pistol,

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two old swords, a few rusty pokers and sticks, stones, quips,

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and gunpowder in abundance. The firearms were immediately loaded with

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blank powder, the swords were sharpened, and the pokers heated

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in the fire. These weapons were assigned to the most

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daring company, who had to protect the principal window. The

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missiles were for the light infantry, and the rest were

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all armed with sticks. We now began to maneuver our

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companies by marching them into line and column, so that

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everyone might know his own situation. In the midst of

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this preparation, the sentinel, whom we had placed at the window,

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loudly vociferated the parson. The Parson's coming in an instant.

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All was confusion. Everyone ran, he knew not, where as

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if eager to fly or screen himself from observation, Our

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captain immediately mounted to a form and called to the

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captains of the two leading companies to take their stations.

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They immediately obeyed, and the other companies followed their example,

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though they found it much more difficult to maneuver when

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danger approached than they had a few minutes before. The

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well known footstep, which had often struck on our ears

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with terror, was now heard to advance along the portico.

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The muttering of his stern voice ended in our ears

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like a lion's growl. A deathlike silence prevailed. We scarcely

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dared to breathe. The palpitations of our little hearts could

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perhaps alone be heard. The object of our dread then

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went round to the front window for the purpose of

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ascertaining whether anyone was in the school. Every footstep struck

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us with awe. Not a word, not a whisper was heard.

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He approached close to the window, and with an astonished countenance,

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stood gazing upon us, while we were arranged in battle array,

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motionless statues, and as silent as the tomb. What is

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the meaning of this? He impatiently exclaimed, But no answer

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could he obtain, For who would then have dared to

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render himself conspicuous by a reply? Pallid countenances and livid

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lips betrayed our fears. The courage, which one hour before

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was ready to brave every danger, appeared to be fled.

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Every one seemed anxious to conceal himself from view, and

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there would certainly have been a general flight through the

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back windows had it not been for the prudent regulation

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of a corder reserve armed with cudgels to prevent it.

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You young scoundrels opened the door instantly, he again exclaimed,

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and what added to our indescribable horror. In a fit

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of rage, he dashed his hand through the window, which

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consisted of diamond shaped panes, and appear as if determined

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to force his way. In fear and trepidation, attended by

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an increasing emotion now possessed us all. At this critical moment,

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every eye turned to our captain, as if to reproach

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him for having brought us into this terrible dilemma. He

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alone stood unmoved, but he saw that none would have

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the courage to obey his commands. Some exciting stimulus was necessary. Suddenly,

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waving his hand, he exclaimed aloud, three cheers for the

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barring out and success to our cause. The chairs were tremendous,

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our courage revived. The blood flushed in our cheeks. The

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parson was breaking in the moment was critical. Our captain, undaunted,

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sprang to the fireplace, seized a heated poker in one

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hand and a blazing torch in the other. The latter

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he gave to the captain of the sharpshooters and told

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him to prepare a folly. When with red hot poker

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he fearlessly advanced to the window seat, and, daring the

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Master to enter, he ordered an attack, And an attack

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indeed was made sufficiently tremendous to have repelled a more

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powerful assailant. The missiles flew at the ill fated window

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from every quarter. The blunderbuss and the pistol were fired.

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Squibs and crackers, inkstands and rulers, stones and even burning

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coals came in showers about the casement and broke some

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of the panes into a thousand pieces, while blazing torches,

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heated pokers and sticks stood bristling under the window. The

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whole was scarcely the work of a minute. The astonished

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Master reeled back in dumb amazement. He had evidently been

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struck with a missile, all with the broken glass, and

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probably fancied that he had been wounded by the firearms.

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The schools now rang with shouts of victory and continued cheering.

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The enemy again approaches, cried the captain. Fire another folly,

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stay he seeks a parley, hear him. What is the

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meaning I say of this horrid tumult? The barring out,

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the barring out? A dozen voices instantly exclaimed for shame,

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says he, in a tone evidently subdued. What disgrace are

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you bringing upon yourselves and the schools? What will their trustees?

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What will your parents say? William continued he, addressing the captain,

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open the door without further delay. I will, sir, he replied,

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on your promising to pardon us and give us our

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lawful holidays of which we have lately been deprived, and

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not set us tasked during the holidays. Yes, yes, said

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several squealing voices. That is what we want. Ah, Not

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to be flogged for nothing, you insolent scoundrels, you consummate

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young villains, he exclaimed, choking with rage, and at the

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same time making a furious effort to break through the

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already shattered window. Open the door instantly, or I'll break

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every bone in your hides. Not on those conditions, replied

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our captain, with provoking coolness. Come up, my boys, another molly,

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No sooner said than done, and with even more fury

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than before, like men driven to despair who expect no quarter.

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On surrendering, the little urchin daringly mounted the window seat,

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which was a broad, old fashioned one, and pointed the

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firearms and heated poker at him, whilst others advanced with

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the squips and missiles. Come on, my lads, said the captain.

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Let this be a simopylai. I will be all the nidus.

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And indeed so daring were they that each seem ready

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to emulate the spartans of old. A master, perceiving their

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determined obstinacy, turn round, without further remonstrance, and indignantly walked away.

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Relieved from our terrors, we now became intoxicated with joy.

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The walls rang with repeated hurrahs. In the madness of enthusiasm,

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some of the boys began to tear up the forms,

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throw the books about, break the slates, locks and cupboards,

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and act so outrageously that the captain called them to order. However,

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before the master's desk and draws had been broken open,

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and every placing which had been taken from the scholars

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returned to its owner. We now began to think of provisions.

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They were all placed on one table and dealt out

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in Russians by the captain of each company. In the meantime,

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we held a council of war, as we called it,

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to determine on what was to be done in a recess.

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At the east end of the school there stood a

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large oak desk, black with age, whose heavy hinges had

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become corroded with years of rust. It was known to

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contain the records and endowments of the school, and, as

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we presumed, the regulations for the treatment of the scholars.

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The oldest boy had never seen its inside. Attempts, dictated

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by insatiable curiosity, had often been made to open it,

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but it was deemed impregnable. It was guarded by three

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immense locks, and each lock was in the possession of

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different persons. The wood appeared to be nearly half a

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foot thick, and every corner was platted with iron. All

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eyes were instinctively directed to this mysterious chest. Could any

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means be devised for effecting an entrance, was the natural question.

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We all proceeded to reconnoiter. We attempted to move it,

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but in vain we made some feeble efforts to force

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the lid. It was as firm as a block of

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marble at length. One daring urchin brought from the fireplace

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a red hot poker and began to bore through its sides.

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A universal shout was given. Other pokers were brought and

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to work they went. The smoke and tremendous smell which

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the old wood sent forth rather alarmed us. We were

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apprehensive that we might burn the records instead of obtaining

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a copy of them. This arrested our progress for a

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few minutes. At this critical moment, a shout was set

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up that the parson and a constable was coming down.

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Went the pokers, and as if conscience stricken, we were

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all seized with consternation. The casement window was so shattered

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he could easily be entered by any resolute fellow. In

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the desperation of the moment, we seized the desks, forms

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and stalls to block it up, But in some degree

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our courage had evaporated, and we felt reluctant to act

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on the offensive. The old gentleman and his attendant deliberately

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inspected the windows and fastenings, but without making any attempt

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to enter. They retreated for the purpose, we presumed of

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obtaining additional assistance. What was now to be done. The

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Master appeared obdurate, and we had gone too far to recede.

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Some proposed to drill a hole in the window seat,

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fill it with gunpowder, and explode it if any one

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attempted to enter. Others thought we had better set fire

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to the school sooner than surrender unconditionally. But the majority

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advised what was perhaps the most prudent resolution, to wait

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for another attack, and if we saw no hopes of

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sustaining a longer defense, to make the best retreat we could.

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The affair of the barring out had now become known,

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and persons began to assemble round the windows, calling out

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that the Master was coming with assistance, and saying everything

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to intimidate us. Many of us were completely jaded with

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the over excitement we had experienced since the previous evening.

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The school was hot, close and full of smoke. Some

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were longing for liberty and fresh air, and most of

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us were of opinion that we had engaged in an

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affair which it was impossible to accomplish in this state.

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We received another visit from our dreaded master with his stick.

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He commenced a more furious attack than before, and observing

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us less turbulent, he determined to force his way in

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in spite of the barricadoes. The younger boys thought nothing

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but flight and self preservation, and the rush to the

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back windows became general. In the midst of this consternation,

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our captain exclaims, let us not fly like cowards. If

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we must surrender, let the gates of the citadel be

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thrown open. The days against us, but let us bravely

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face the enemy and march out with the honors of war.

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Some few had already escaped, but the rest immediately arranged

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themselves on each side of the school in two extended lines,

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with their weapons in hand. The door was thrown open.

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The master instantly entered and passed between the two lines,

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denouncing vengeance on us all. But as he marched in,

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we marched out in military order, and giving three cheers,

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we dispersed into the neighboring fields. We shortly met again,

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and after a little consultation, it was determined that none

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of the leaders should come to school until sent for

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and a free pardon given. The defection, however, was so

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general that no corporal punishments took place. Many of the

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boys did not return until after the holidays, and several

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of the elder ones never entered the school again, and

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of barring out at schools

