WEBVTT

1
00:00:03.160 --> 00:00:06.440
<v Speaker 1>Welcome to Spotlight Advanced. I'm Roger Bassick.

2
00:00:06.639 --> 00:00:12.160
<v Speaker 2>And I'm Marina Sante. Spotslight uses a special English method

3
00:00:12.199 --> 00:00:16.480
<v Speaker 2>of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand no

4
00:00:16.559 --> 00:00:19.039
<v Speaker 2>matter where in the world they live.

5
00:00:27.600 --> 00:00:33.079
<v Speaker 1>He sinks into a wheelchair. His fingers are bent and strange.

6
00:00:33.280 --> 00:00:36.600
<v Speaker 1>No one can understand his speech. It sounds like he

7
00:00:36.679 --> 00:00:42.159
<v Speaker 1>is mumbling. He needs help wiping his face. His hands

8
00:00:42.200 --> 00:00:47.159
<v Speaker 1>and arms do not work properly. He looks frustrated and confused.

9
00:00:48.240 --> 00:00:54.759
<v Speaker 1>He seems helpless. Is he stupid? Is he mentally challenged? No,

10
00:00:54.960 --> 00:00:59.119
<v Speaker 1>he is not. He is intelligent. He makes good decisions.

11
00:01:00.079 --> 00:01:01.920
<v Speaker 1>He just has cerebral palsy.

12
00:01:04.000 --> 00:01:10.719
<v Speaker 2>Today's Spotslight is on cerebral palsy, or CP. We examine

13
00:01:10.719 --> 00:01:15.239
<v Speaker 2>what is involved in this condition. We explore incorrect views

14
00:01:15.280 --> 00:01:20.200
<v Speaker 2>about the mental abilities of people with CP. We discuss

15
00:01:20.439 --> 00:01:25.760
<v Speaker 2>false judgments about those with the disorder. We learn about

16
00:01:25.799 --> 00:01:28.760
<v Speaker 2>several people living amazing lives with CP.

17
00:01:33.280 --> 00:01:37.480
<v Speaker 1>Certain areas of the human brain control muscle movement. A

18
00:01:37.519 --> 00:01:40.640
<v Speaker 1>person may develop cerebral palsy when these areas do not

19
00:01:40.719 --> 00:01:46.840
<v Speaker 1>grow properly. Brain damage also causes cerebral palsy. These problems

20
00:01:47.000 --> 00:01:50.239
<v Speaker 1>usually happen during the child's development in the womb, or

21
00:01:50.400 --> 00:01:54.480
<v Speaker 1>during the process of childbirth. Sometimes it happens during the

22
00:01:54.519 --> 00:01:58.480
<v Speaker 1>first few years of a child's life. The brain damage

23
00:01:58.519 --> 00:02:02.439
<v Speaker 1>causes a child to learn something things more slowly. It

24
00:02:02.480 --> 00:02:05.719
<v Speaker 1>is harder for him to learn to roll over, crawl,

25
00:02:05.879 --> 00:02:09.840
<v Speaker 1>or walk. Cerebral Palsy might cause a child to use

26
00:02:09.879 --> 00:02:12.800
<v Speaker 1>one side of his body more than the other. He

27
00:02:12.879 --> 00:02:16.240
<v Speaker 1>may not be able to control his movements. His arms

28
00:02:16.280 --> 00:02:18.439
<v Speaker 1>could be softer or stiffer than normal.

29
00:02:19.360 --> 00:02:23.759
<v Speaker 2>There is no cure for cerebral palsy. Certain operations and

30
00:02:23.919 --> 00:02:29.479
<v Speaker 2>medicine can sometimes help, but nothing completely heals it. Forty

31
00:02:29.560 --> 00:02:33.680
<v Speaker 2>to fifty percent of people with CP must use a wheelchair.

32
00:02:35.080 --> 00:02:38.919
<v Speaker 2>Some of these people can walk, but not for long distances.

33
00:02:39.919 --> 00:02:44.039
<v Speaker 2>One out of three people with CP cannot walk at all.

34
00:02:46.840 --> 00:02:51.000
<v Speaker 1>People with CP have different needs. Some people need help

35
00:02:51.039 --> 00:02:54.479
<v Speaker 1>twenty four hours a day. They may need help even

36
00:02:54.479 --> 00:02:58.199
<v Speaker 1>at night. Their physical restrictions do not allow them to

37
00:02:58.280 --> 00:03:02.039
<v Speaker 1>care for themselves. Others must hire caregivers to help them

38
00:03:02.080 --> 00:03:05.800
<v Speaker 1>for certain hours a day. Some need much less help,

39
00:03:06.719 --> 00:03:10.960
<v Speaker 1>but help often costs a lot. The average lifetime cost

40
00:03:11.000 --> 00:03:14.319
<v Speaker 1>of care for someone with cerebral palsy is between one

41
00:03:14.560 --> 00:03:19.199
<v Speaker 1>and five million US dollars. In some countries, people with

42
00:03:19.319 --> 00:03:23.280
<v Speaker 1>CP qualify for government help, but often they must raise

43
00:03:23.280 --> 00:03:26.639
<v Speaker 1>extra money or they ask their families for help.

44
00:03:29.479 --> 00:03:33.199
<v Speaker 2>Forty percent of people with cerebral palsy have some sort

45
00:03:33.360 --> 00:03:38.319
<v Speaker 2>of mental problem. This problem could be troubled talking. It

46
00:03:38.400 --> 00:03:42.879
<v Speaker 2>may be a short attention span. Sometimes it is anxiety

47
00:03:43.039 --> 00:03:47.120
<v Speaker 2>or anger. It also may be a learning difficulty.

48
00:03:48.560 --> 00:03:51.199
<v Speaker 1>These difficulties do not mean that a person with CP

49
00:03:51.360 --> 00:03:54.520
<v Speaker 1>is not smart. It just means that she needs help

50
00:03:54.639 --> 00:03:58.520
<v Speaker 1>and patience. It is important for caregivers or family members

51
00:03:58.520 --> 00:04:01.560
<v Speaker 1>who help people with CP not to try to think

52
00:04:01.599 --> 00:04:06.080
<v Speaker 1>for them. People with CP want their needs met. They

53
00:04:06.120 --> 00:04:09.280
<v Speaker 1>want their desires to be heard. They do not want

54
00:04:09.319 --> 00:04:12.240
<v Speaker 1>to be told what to do. They do not need

55
00:04:12.280 --> 00:04:16.480
<v Speaker 1>someone to control their lives. They just need help because

56
00:04:16.519 --> 00:04:20.920
<v Speaker 1>their bodies do not work under their complete control.

57
00:04:21.040 --> 00:04:25.079
<v Speaker 2>For Richard Heron of Fort Worth, Texas, the worst part

58
00:04:25.199 --> 00:04:30.959
<v Speaker 2>of having cerebral palsy is feeling helpless. Richard was born

59
00:04:31.079 --> 00:04:36.800
<v Speaker 2>with cerebral palsy. Throughout his life, many people mistakenly thought

60
00:04:36.920 --> 00:04:41.439
<v Speaker 2>that he could not think for himself. His parents even

61
00:04:41.519 --> 00:04:44.399
<v Speaker 2>puts him in a mental hospital when he was young.

62
00:04:45.480 --> 00:04:47.560
<v Speaker 2>They thought he was mentally challenged.

63
00:04:50.360 --> 00:04:54.360
<v Speaker 1>As an adult, Richard has caregivers work for him. His

64
00:04:54.480 --> 00:04:57.360
<v Speaker 1>caregivers operate a lift attached to a ceiling that pulls

65
00:04:57.399 --> 00:05:00.160
<v Speaker 1>them out of bed. The lift picks them up and

66
00:05:00.160 --> 00:05:04.000
<v Speaker 1>places him in a wheelchair. His caregivers help him get dressed,

67
00:05:04.759 --> 00:05:07.680
<v Speaker 1>They help him make phone calls and write emails. They

68
00:05:07.759 --> 00:05:10.879
<v Speaker 1>drive him to meetings. But the one thing they can

69
00:05:10.920 --> 00:05:14.879
<v Speaker 1>never do is speak for Richard. He is the boss.

70
00:05:15.800 --> 00:05:19.040
<v Speaker 1>When he speaks with someone else, the caregiver can only

71
00:05:19.079 --> 00:05:23.319
<v Speaker 1>help make his speech clear. Richard's speech is harder to

72
00:05:23.439 --> 00:05:27.800
<v Speaker 1>understand because of his CP. He even hangs a sign

73
00:05:27.839 --> 00:05:32.839
<v Speaker 1>on his wheelchair that reads, I am not drunk. Listeners

74
00:05:32.920 --> 00:05:35.519
<v Speaker 1>must be patient when he speaks.

75
00:05:37.360 --> 00:05:40.399
<v Speaker 2>Richard was once at a dentist's office to care for

76
00:05:40.480 --> 00:05:43.720
<v Speaker 2>his teeth. It was taking a long time for the

77
00:05:43.759 --> 00:05:49.560
<v Speaker 2>woman making appointments to understand Richard. His caregiver was not patient.

78
00:05:50.639 --> 00:05:55.480
<v Speaker 2>The caregiver finally told the caregiver finally told her to

79
00:05:55.519 --> 00:05:59.360
<v Speaker 2>make the appointments for next Thursday. This is not what

80
00:05:59.560 --> 00:06:04.959
<v Speaker 2>Richard's said or wanted. He was very upset. Together they

81
00:06:05.040 --> 00:06:07.959
<v Speaker 2>left the dentist's office.

82
00:06:08.040 --> 00:06:11.639
<v Speaker 1>Richard yelled at his caregiver in front of everyone. Am

83
00:06:11.720 --> 00:06:16.279
<v Speaker 1>I stupid? Richard screamed, of course you are not.

84
00:06:16.839 --> 00:06:20.959
<v Speaker 2>His caregiver said, I was just trying to speed things up.

85
00:06:21.759 --> 00:06:24.800
<v Speaker 1>Richard stared at his caregiver for a moment. He wanted

86
00:06:24.839 --> 00:06:29.240
<v Speaker 1>to make sure he was listening. Then Richard said, I

87
00:06:29.720 --> 00:06:34.920
<v Speaker 1>decide when to speed up, I decide when to slow down.

88
00:06:35.920 --> 00:06:37.000
<v Speaker 1>I am the boss.

89
00:06:39.160 --> 00:06:42.720
<v Speaker 2>Richard has fired several caregivers for this type of mistake.

90
00:06:43.480 --> 00:06:48.399
<v Speaker 2>He takes it very seriously. His cerebral palsy limits many

91
00:06:48.439 --> 00:06:52.519
<v Speaker 2>of his physical abilities. He needs help with daily tasks

92
00:06:52.639 --> 00:06:57.199
<v Speaker 2>that others do not. The one area which he controls

93
00:06:57.519 --> 00:07:02.199
<v Speaker 2>is thinking and making decisions. When someone tries to think

94
00:07:02.279 --> 00:07:06.120
<v Speaker 2>and speak for him, he does not tolerate it. He

95
00:07:06.160 --> 00:07:11.720
<v Speaker 2>feels overlooked and insignificant. He feels like everyone assumes he

96
00:07:11.839 --> 00:07:13.160
<v Speaker 2>is not smart.

97
00:07:16.360 --> 00:07:20.360
<v Speaker 1>Richard earned his bachelor's degree in college. Then he earned

98
00:07:20.360 --> 00:07:25.160
<v Speaker 1>his master's degree. He became a Christian minister, He got

99
00:07:25.160 --> 00:07:29.399
<v Speaker 1>married and started a family. He is very smart and capable.

100
00:07:30.360 --> 00:07:32.920
<v Speaker 1>He just needs people to be patient with his slower

101
00:07:32.920 --> 00:07:33.800
<v Speaker 1>speaking skills.

102
00:07:37.839 --> 00:07:44.040
<v Speaker 2>Afea Kabir and Nila was born with cerebral palsy in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

103
00:07:44.319 --> 00:07:48.600
<v Speaker 2>Schools would not accept her because of her CP. Several

104
00:07:48.639 --> 00:07:53.279
<v Speaker 2>schools rejected her. They thought that other students could get

105
00:07:53.279 --> 00:07:58.360
<v Speaker 2>cerebral palsy from her, as if CP was an infectious disease.

106
00:08:00.000 --> 00:08:04.399
<v Speaker 2>The school finally accepted her. She attended in her wheelchair.

107
00:08:05.240 --> 00:08:08.560
<v Speaker 2>She worked hard, but communication was difficult.

108
00:08:09.439 --> 00:08:14.439
<v Speaker 3>Nilla said, I attended the school regularly, but I cannot

109
00:08:14.480 --> 00:08:19.959
<v Speaker 3>write and stand. Many times at school people cannot understand me.

110
00:08:20.839 --> 00:08:24.120
<v Speaker 3>I have a woman who writes for me, but often

111
00:08:24.240 --> 00:08:28.079
<v Speaker 3>she does not understand I have to spell out the words.

112
00:08:29.560 --> 00:08:33.440
<v Speaker 1>When she was fourteen, Anila went to an international gathering

113
00:08:33.480 --> 00:08:38.799
<v Speaker 1>in Goa, India. The gathering was about disabilities. Two hundred

114
00:08:38.840 --> 00:08:42.720
<v Speaker 1>people from around the world attended. Aniela was the youngest

115
00:08:42.759 --> 00:08:46.879
<v Speaker 1>person there. Aniela impressed everyone with a ten minute speech.

116
00:08:47.919 --> 00:08:49.360
<v Speaker 1>In her speech, she.

117
00:08:49.399 --> 00:08:52.960
<v Speaker 3>Said, it is painful when I go to the market

118
00:08:53.080 --> 00:08:57.919
<v Speaker 3>and people stare I am not included in schools. I

119
00:08:57.960 --> 00:09:01.840
<v Speaker 3>have seen my mother cry so many times because of this.

120
00:09:07.360 --> 00:09:13.039
<v Speaker 2>Today, Annilla studies law at North South University. She fights

121
00:09:13.080 --> 00:09:17.000
<v Speaker 2>for the rights of disabled people. She gives speeches that

122
00:09:17.200 --> 00:09:22.679
<v Speaker 2>move others. Nila, like Richard and others with cerebral palsy,

123
00:09:23.080 --> 00:09:27.879
<v Speaker 2>has goals and courage. They have dreams. They just need

124
00:09:27.960 --> 00:09:33.159
<v Speaker 2>a little help reaching them. But most of all, they

125
00:09:33.200 --> 00:09:36.919
<v Speaker 2>need to be listened to. They need the world to see.

126
00:09:38.039 --> 00:09:41.279
<v Speaker 2>They need the world to see more than their wheelchairs.

127
00:09:42.039 --> 00:09:45.120
<v Speaker 1>Do you know anyone with cerebral palsy? Is there some

128
00:09:45.240 --> 00:09:47.639
<v Speaker 1>kind of challenge in your life that you are trying

129
00:09:47.679 --> 00:09:50.799
<v Speaker 1>to overcome? You can leave a comment on our website

130
00:09:50.840 --> 00:09:55.320
<v Speaker 1>at www dot Spotlight English dot com. You can also

131
00:09:55.360 --> 00:09:59.840
<v Speaker 1>find us on YouTube, Facebook, TikTok, Blue Sky, and ex.

132
00:10:00.840 --> 00:10:03.320
<v Speaker 1>You can also get our programs delivered directly to your

133
00:10:03.360 --> 00:10:07.360
<v Speaker 1>and writer Apple device through our free official Spotlight English app.

134
00:10:08.279 --> 00:10:12.480
<v Speaker 2>The writer of this program was Peter Anderson. The producer

135
00:10:12.720 --> 00:10:16.440
<v Speaker 2>was mitchio Ozaki. The voices you heard were from the

136
00:10:16.519 --> 00:10:20.840
<v Speaker 2>United States and the United Kingdom. All quotes were adapted

137
00:10:20.879 --> 00:10:24.799
<v Speaker 2>for this program and voiced by Spotslight. This program is

138
00:10:24.879 --> 00:10:27.200
<v Speaker 2>called I Am Not Drunk.

139
00:10:28.360 --> 00:10:30.080
<v Speaker 1>We hope you can join us again for the next

140
00:10:30.080 --> 00:10:39.080
<v Speaker 1>Spotlight program. Goodbye,