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Speaker 1: What's up everyone, and welcome back to the program. In

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this episode, we're going to pick up where we left

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off with the declaration of Brian Edelman. Part four. Prejudicial

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impact of pre trial publicity. There's a body of research

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within the social sciences that attempts to address the impact

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of pre trial publicity on decision making in the courtroom.

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This literature suggests that pre trial publicity influences evaluations of

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the defendant, perceptions of criminality, sympathy toward the defendant, pre

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trial judgments regarding guilt, and final verdicts. Daft, Terry, Kapur, Penrod, O'Connor,

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and Wallace twenty fourteen conducted a field study that incorporated

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real time evidence into the methodology. Participants included jury eligible

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community members who were naturally exposed to pre trial publicity

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over a fourteen month period leading up to the trial.

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Trial summaries were presented online during six sessions over the

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course of ten weeks. The researchers reports or did a

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pre trial publicity effect that persisted throughout the actual trial,

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despite admonitions to set aside prejudicial pre trial publicity, participants

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were biased by the content of the pre trial publicity Specifically,

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those exposed to prosecution oriented articles were more punitive in

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their guilty ratings across all six sessions compared to those

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exposed to pro defense pre trial publicity. The amount of

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the pre trial publicity participants were exposed to also had

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a significant effect. In addition, the biasing effect of pre

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trial publicity did not disappear over this time. Thus, neither

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delay nor trial evidence eliminated the pre trial publicity effect

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on judgments of guilt. Stebley at all At nineteen ninety

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nine conducted a meta analysis encompassing forty four research studies

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on pre trial publicity. The authors reported a statistically significant

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relationship between pre trial publicity and verdicts. Media coverage addressing

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the defendant, prior record, the existence of confessions, the heinousness

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of the crime, and negative character of the defendant have

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all shown to have an effect on perceptions of guilt

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and final verdicts. Furthermore, deliberations may not reduce the biasing

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impact of pre trial publicity. In fact, Kramer, Kerr, and

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Carol found that deliberations actually accentuated the effects of pre

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trial publicity on final verdicts. Dexter, Cutler, and Moron nineteen

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ninety two also reported a significant relationship between prechrild publicity

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and views toward guilt. Participants were given pre trial publicity

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a week before the study began. Negative pre trial publicity

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increased conviction rates, even for subjects who underwent extensive ordeer

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addressing pre trial publicity, as demonstrated by Ruve and McAvoy

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two thousand and seven, exposure to pre trial publicity can

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influence verdicts by affecting perceptions of defendant's credibility ratings for

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the prosecution and defense attorneys, and source attribution errors, i e.

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Misattributing information learned from the media as evidence presented as

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trial evidence, consistent with the experimental literature. On attitudes described above, Hope,

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Moman and McGeorge two thousand and four found that jurors

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exposed to negative pre trial publicity evaluate prosecution evidence more

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favorably than its actual probitive value, a phenomenon coin to

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predecision distortion. Thus, attitudes developed from exposure to pre trial

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publicity serve as a filter through which later trial evidence

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is evaluated. Part five Media analysis. An effort was made

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to collect articles published in newspapers with circulation in leta

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County to assess the extent of coverage surrounding this case.

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The search of the Moscow Pullman, Delhi News, the Idaho Argonaut,

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and the Lewiston Morning Tribune uncovered four hundred and forty

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four articles which reference these events between November thirteenth, twenty

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twenty two and June twenty third, twenty twenty four. This

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is a conservative estimate and does not include other newspapers

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with readership in Leyta County. The nature of the pre

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trial publicity is an important factor to consider when weighing

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the need for a change of venue. The initial pre

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trial publicity chronicled the elevated state of panic and the

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fear in the community as residents and university students anxiously

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waited for law enforcement to announce and arrest during the

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search for a suspect. With the public demanding answers, The

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media drew on information from the five press conferences held

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by the Moscow Police Department, eight interviews with Chief Frye

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and Captain Lanier, and almost daily press releases. This culminated

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with the widely televised press conference held by Chief Frye

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and County Prosecutor Bill Thompson after the December thirtieth. The

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rest examples of this type of reporting include. He asked

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the public to remain vigilant as the killer was still

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on the loose. We cannot say that there is no

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threat to the community. As we have stated, Please stay vigilant,

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report any suspicious activity, and be aware of your surroundings

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at all times. Fry also addressed frustrations from the public

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over the slow pace of information coming from his departments.

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In Sunday, Frye said police are looking at all evidence,

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including social media and anyone who might have a connection

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to the case. Fry offered assurances that the police are

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doing everything they can to let the people in our

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community know that we care. We want them to feel safe,

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he said. We want them to be safe, and we're

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going to do everything we can to do that. U

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of I Dean of Students Blaine Eccles said the university

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has increased campus safety patrols and students can arrange a

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security escort across campus. On Friday, u of I spokeswoman

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Jody Walker told The Daily News and estimated twenty five

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to forty percent of students have not returned to campus,

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with the perpetrator of the most brutal murder of four

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University of Idaho's students still at large. A sister of

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one of the victims posted on Instagram on Wednesday about

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the severity of the case and warned U of I

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students about the unsettled situation. To the students at the

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University of Idaho that are still staying around campus, leave,

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Aubrey Gonsalves said, sister of Kaylei Gonsovis, your grades are

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severely less important than your lives. With a number of

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students who had left campus early, UI has postponed a

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candlelight vigil that had been planned for Wednesday night to

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November thirtieth, even though the individual moved within an urban

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setting early enough Sunday morning for some college students to

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still be up. The perpetrator acted with stealth, so police

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did not learn of the case for at least eight hours,

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and by then the crime scene may have gone cold.

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They have no suspect in custody, they have no murder weapon.

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With what appears to be a changing story from the authorities,

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people question whether they are willing to trust their lives

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with what they're being told. A killer who committed a

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mass murder in such a fashion and then escaped detection.

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Heaped rarity upon rarity, possibly starstruck when The New York

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Times called Moscow Mayor Art Betge called the homicide a

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crime of passion. Once the Idaho Statesman of Boise got

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in touch, Betge started backpedaling, it could be any number

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of things. The police don't know yet. I haven't been told.

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Speaking to the Statesman, Moscow police Captain Anthony Dollinger almost

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sounded reluctant to characterize the episode as violent. All I

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can say is the deaths a rule. The homicide at

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this point, and homicide and murder are synonymous. We certainly

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have a crime here, so we're looking for a suspect,

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all of which created the impression of a murder investigation

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mired in chaos. Students still have the option to attend

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class virtually. President Scott green sid in a University of

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Idaho communication detectives are continuing to process more than two thousand,

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six hundred and forty five email tips, two thousand, seven

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hundred and seventy phone tips, and one thousand and eighty

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four digital media submissions from the public. They also said

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they believe this is an isolated, targeted attack. And there

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is no eminent threat to the community at large. Nearly

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four weeks after four University of Idaho students were murdered

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near campus, there are no suspects and many questions are

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still unanswered as police try to piece together what happened.

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They have released a limited amount of information. During the

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seven week search for the killer. Law enforcement was hesitant

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to release information to the public that could undermine the investigation.

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This left an information vacuum, which allowed misinformation and rumors

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to flourish. Videos of purported suspects appeared on social media,

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and a so called psychic internet sleuth made false accusations

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against a university professor. Groups were created to discuss the

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murders and share information across social platforms. Many of these

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groups quickly grew to thousands of members who shared rumors

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and theories of what happened. Social influencers and crime sleuths

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created podcasts and episodes covering the murders and updates. The

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victims' families also made public statements venting their frustration with

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law enforcement and the criminal justice process through traditional channels

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and social media. Examples of this type of publicity are

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as follows. We went from no danger to the community,

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to a targeted attack, to one or more of the victims,

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to being told to be vigilant with the lack of

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any additional details that seems like a change. They tried

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to alleviate the fears of the community while not harming

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the integrity of the investigation. Unfortunately, that's what led to

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a trust issue. Rumors circulated about who did it, even

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going so far as deposit that one of the victims

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did it. Others blame drugs. Additionally, online reports of the

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victims being tied and gagged are not accurate. The police

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stated rumors have circulated that the victims were bound and

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gagged before being killed. Addressing misinformation, laniers said they do

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not believe the following individuals or suspects. A driver who

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took Madison Mogan and Kaylee Gansolves home on November thirteenth,

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a man in a white hoodie seen at grub truck

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and the surviving two roommates. A man who has called

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multiple times by Madison and Kayley that night has also

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been cleared. According to Chief of Police James Fry, the

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MPD cand not release who made the nine to one

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one call at eleven fifty eight A m but confirmed

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it was made with one of the surviving roommate's phones

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from inside the residence. The call is not believed to

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have been made by the killer. The department also addressed

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a rumor that the homicides are somehow connected to an

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incident that occurred last month in which a couple of

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dogs were found skinned in Moscow. The Moscow Police Department

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addressed a Monday night incident allegedly involving a suspicious mail

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on Blain Street that some speculated is connected to the

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quadruple homicide case. Detectives are still investigating. A female told

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the dispatcher she saw a mail in the front passenger

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seat of her vehicle when she opened the car door.

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The female, who was with her sister, slammed the door

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and ran screaming from the car before calling nine one one.

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A passer by allegedly told the sisters of seeing a

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male chasing them, but left before speaking with officers. Online

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reports created immediate speculation that implied there was a link

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to this incident. With the ongoing homicide investigation, investigators have

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looked into claims about Gonsalves may have had a stalker,

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but have not been able to find evidence corroborating those statements,

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but a mix of news reports that cited anonymous sources

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and speculation on social media have persisted, alleging the FBI

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was telling Coburger and asked that he'd be pulled over.

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A federal judge heard arguments Friday morning in the case

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involving a TikTok personality who accused a University of Idaho

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professor of ordering the November thirteenth Moscow murders that left

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four U of I students dead. Ashley Gallard, the TikTok personality,

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continued to make accusations against Professor Rebecca Scolfield during Friday's

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hearing in front of US Magistrate Judge Raymond Patricio. Gollard

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has accused Schofield of orchestrating the murders of Xana kernodle

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Ethan Chapin, Kaylee Gonsalves, and Madison Mogan to cover up

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having a romantic relaateationship with one of the victims. We

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feel that the University of Idaho and the court put

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us in a horrible position to have to have voice

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our opinions. The Facebook post said, we all along have

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just wanted the King rode home to not be demolished

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and for us to have a trial date so that

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we can look forward to justice being served. She also

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said it has attracted YouTubers and others who try to

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access the property or look for souvenirs. As the investigation

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continues to go unresolved, The father of one of the

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victims spoke to national media about his frustration with the investigation.

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Steve Gonsalves told Fox News that the public should be

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looking out for a sadistic male because the information he

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received from Leyta County Coroner Kathy Mebbitt indicates the killers

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a strong individual. I got outraged by them not just

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coming out and saying this was a woman or a man,

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because they should know by the amount of strength it

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took to deliver the injuries. He told Fox News, They're

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just being cowards. Gonsalvi said he does not know whether

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his daughter or Mogan were the targets. They both died

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in the same bed. I have my own suspicions, he said.

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In a video statement to the Moscow Police Department YouTube channel,

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Captain Roger lay Near said the policer seeing the tips

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are geared more towards rumors instead of the facts that

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have been released by law enforcement. He said that the

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rumors and speculation have had a negative effect on the

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victims' families and the friends of the victims, some of

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whom have received death threats and harassment. All Right, we're

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going to wrap up this episode right here, and in

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the next episode, we're going to pick up where we

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left off, and that's with during a December thirtieth, twenty

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twenty two press conference. All of the information that goes

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with this episode can be found in the description box.