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<v Speaker 1>Hey, and welcome to another episode of the Ologies Podcast.

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<v Speaker 1>I'm your host, Ali Ward, and my name is Ali Ward.

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<v Speaker 1>This is the Ologies podcast. So last week I did

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<v Speaker 1>not put up an episode. I just took a week

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<v Speaker 1>off and kind of caught up from holiday break and

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<v Speaker 1>squirreled away some more episodes for the future, like lit

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<v Speaker 1>Winter Acorns. So thank you guys for being patient, and

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<v Speaker 1>also for anyone in the LA area. I'll be doing

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<v Speaker 1>a really really quick, short live show. I'm just doing

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<v Speaker 1>a storytelling show for public school on Wednesday, December sixth

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<v Speaker 1>and RSVP at Public school Show dot Com. It's at

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<v Speaker 1>the Virgil and I'll just be doing a quick storytelling

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<v Speaker 1>show just like five minutes. But they just asked me

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<v Speaker 1>to do it and I said sounds fun. So if

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<v Speaker 1>you're in La Wednesday night, then Public school Show dot

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<v Speaker 1>Com has more information on that. Come say hi. Perhaps

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<v Speaker 1>you'll meet some fellows Angelino Ologites. I have no idea

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<v Speaker 1>what story I'm gonna tell because I said yes about

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<v Speaker 1>two minutes ago, so we'll see how it goes. Anyway,

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<v Speaker 1>that's Wednesday, December sixth. Okay on the episode. In this episode, mom, dad,

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<v Speaker 1>don't listen. We're gonna talk about bug mating and it

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<v Speaker 1>gets real candid. Okay, cool, see you next week. Okay, bugs,

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<v Speaker 1>bugs bu bugs. Bugs. So you may not know yet,

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<v Speaker 1>I'm really nuts about bucks. I love them. I had

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<v Speaker 1>a fascination as a kid, and I got bug books

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<v Speaker 1>for every holiday, every birthday, and my walls are covered

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<v Speaker 1>in bug posters and dead things. So this week's topic

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<v Speaker 1>is one of my favorite ologies, of course, But more importantly,

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<v Speaker 1>this particular ologist honestly changed the.

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<v Speaker 2>Course of my life.

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<v Speaker 1>She was just a friend of a friend at one

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<v Speaker 1>point a few years ago, and she invited me one

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<v Speaker 1>day to the merry bowels of the Elli County Natural

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<v Speaker 1>History Museum. In this lab that was off line to

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<v Speaker 1>the public, it was an insectory. Now, okay, this room

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<v Speaker 1>is like a really well lit silence of a lamps set.

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<v Speaker 1>It's a bug lover's dream. There are terrariums of millipedes

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<v Speaker 1>and cockroaches. There's butterfly chrysalisses hanging like these tiny chandeliers.

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<v Speaker 1>There's dragonfly naiads and gurgling tanks. There's a freezer full

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<v Speaker 1>of sadly passed tarantula's. And I was going through a

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<v Speaker 1>really rough time in my life. A couple of years ago,

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<v Speaker 1>my dad was just diagnosed with multiple myeloma. I was

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<v Speaker 1>going through a breakup that was just the saddest thing ever,

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<v Speaker 1>and not knowing any of this this, Entomologists casually suggested

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<v Speaker 1>that I volunteer at the museum, and I did, which

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<v Speaker 1>is so weird because I could never commit to anything,

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<v Speaker 1>but I just wanted to find some way to cheer

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<v Speaker 1>the fuck up, and volunteering for zero dollars an hour,

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<v Speaker 1>no stakes, talking to kids about bugs one morning a

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<v Speaker 1>week is the only thing that seemed to help. It

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<v Speaker 1>totally changed my life, no joke. After doing it for

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<v Speaker 1>a few months, I somehow was offered a job as

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<v Speaker 1>a science correspondent for CBS. I'm doing exactly what I

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<v Speaker 1>wanted to do since I was twelve, all because I

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<v Speaker 1>took this tour, it and in sectory. So I recorded

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<v Speaker 1>this episode of Ologies first. This is the first one

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<v Speaker 1>I ever recorded in a sound studio with mics that

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<v Speaker 1>were like a little too good. I wanted her to

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<v Speaker 1>be my first ologist because it was so special to me,

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<v Speaker 1>and now I'm having her on. I think this is

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<v Speaker 1>like the tenth episode. I kept holding it because I

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<v Speaker 1>just was afraid the episode wouldn't honor her enough. And honestly,

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<v Speaker 1>I hadn't re listened to this since we recorded it

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<v Speaker 1>months ago. At the time we recorded it in this

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<v Speaker 1>sound booth, drinking like celebratory terrible champagne. Listening back, I

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<v Speaker 1>realized I loved this interview. It's one of my favorites.

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<v Speaker 1>And I can also tell I was trying to sound

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<v Speaker 1>like a little more cool than I felt inside. Now

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<v Speaker 1>that we're a few so it's in like I just

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<v Speaker 1>I don't play it cool. So you're welcome, and I'm sorry. Now.

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<v Speaker 1>Entomology study of bugs, sometimes called bugology, but come on,

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<v Speaker 1>no one calls it that. The etymology of entomology is Greek.

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<v Speaker 1>It means to cut up into little pieces, which is

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<v Speaker 1>not what you do when you find a bug in

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<v Speaker 1>your face, but rather it's a reference to insect's body

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<v Speaker 1>being cut or segmented, so having a notch at the waist.

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<v Speaker 1>There you go. This guest is an entomologist. She's now

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<v Speaker 1>the manager of Citizen Science at the Natural History Museum

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<v Speaker 1>in Los Angeles. So get ready to hear about bugs.

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<v Speaker 1>Hari Krishna's we'll talk about some terrible mating behaviors licking cockroaches,

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<v Speaker 1>what is citizens science, how to be an amateur scientist,

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<v Speaker 1>and why bugs should be your friends?

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<v Speaker 2>So please ready.

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<v Speaker 1>Your heart and your ears for Leela Higgins. If someone

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<v Speaker 1>at a cocktail party were like, what, what's your deal?

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<v Speaker 1>What would you tell them?

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<v Speaker 2>Hmmm? Well it depends on how many cocktails I'd had

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<v Speaker 2>at said cocktail partty. But usually I, you know, I'm like,

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<v Speaker 2>I'm bug geek. Usually there's no children at cocktail parties,

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<v Speaker 2>but sometimes there are, and then they're like, oh, I'm

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<v Speaker 2>gonna go hang out with the children now and talk

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<v Speaker 2>all about bugs for the next you know, a couple

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<v Speaker 2>of hours.

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<v Speaker 1>That's actually a good question I have. I just complimented

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<v Speaker 1>my own question. This is an important question I have.

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<v Speaker 1>Why are kids owing to bugs and adults are like

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<v Speaker 1>kill it with fire? What's that? What happens?

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<v Speaker 2>I think? I mean, I was really into bugs as

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<v Speaker 2>a kid. I grew up on a farm in England

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<v Speaker 2>and I dug up ant nests trying to find the queen.

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<v Speaker 2>I like, would put glasses over bumblebees to observe them.

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<v Speaker 2>I would try to follow the butterflies down the lane

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<v Speaker 2>and see where they were going.

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<v Speaker 1>And then so that sounds idyllic. It's fun like following

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<v Speaker 1>a butterfly down a lane in England? Are you kidding?

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<v Speaker 2>To the woods? Basically, not the scary woods. There were

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<v Speaker 2>badges down there.

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<v Speaker 1>Say your biggest child predator were badgers in England? Basically, yes,

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<v Speaker 1>No clowns.

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<v Speaker 2>I don't think I ever saw a clown.

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<v Speaker 1>So what happens? Do people go through puberty and they

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<v Speaker 1>decide that they hate spiders?

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<v Speaker 2>I think some people do. I was thinking a lot

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<v Speaker 2>about my kind of trajectory and I totally kind of

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<v Speaker 2>fell off the wagon in high school. I was trying

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<v Speaker 2>to remember if I had any memories of insects from

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<v Speaker 2>high school, and the only things I could think of

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<v Speaker 2>were like the hip hop.

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<v Speaker 1>So Leela was really into this band called Diggable Planets

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<v Speaker 1>and they had members who were called Butterfly, lady Bug, Doodlebug.

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<v Speaker 1>She also liked wood tangs, killer bees.

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<v Speaker 2>And that's like, literally the only things I can remember

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<v Speaker 2>from high school to do with insects.

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<v Speaker 1>You didn't listen to the Beatles or the Scorpions or anything.

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<v Speaker 1>At what point do you remember being like, I'm gonna

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<v Speaker 1>be an entomologist.

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<v Speaker 2>I didn't even know that was a thing. I really kid. Nope,

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<v Speaker 2>did not have I mean neither of my parents. My

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<v Speaker 2>dad went to like agricultural college for like a hot second.

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<v Speaker 2>I'm sure he got kicked out for doing naughty things.

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<v Speaker 2>My parents were Harry Christna's what uh yeah, what for

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<v Speaker 2>how long? Undetermined? Because I think my dad still's partly

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<v Speaker 2>you know, involved. What does that mean to be a

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<v Speaker 2>Harry Krishna. I feel like there's just a lot of

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<v Speaker 2>brown rice in singing, but I don't know. I've never

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<v Speaker 2>i brown rice through Harry Christnas. I always always a

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<v Speaker 2>white rice to Harry Christna's, so well, then I'm wrong.

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<v Speaker 2>But there's a lot of really good food. There is

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<v Speaker 2>a lot of like singing and symbol little mini symbol

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<v Speaker 2>finger symbols and incense and worship and chanting. But my

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<v Speaker 2>mother was like, no, I want you to go to

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<v Speaker 2>regular school. And I'm like, thank you, mommy.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah. I was gonna say, it sounds more like a

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<v Speaker 1>lifestyle than a religion. It sounds aromatic.

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<v Speaker 2>People ask me a lot of questions about, well, what

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<v Speaker 2>are the tenets of the religion. I'm like, I don't

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<v Speaker 2>really know.

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<v Speaker 1>I know some things I knew nothing about Harry Krishna's nothing.

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<v Speaker 1>So I googled what are Harry Krishna's Okay, so I'm

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<v Speaker 1>going to give you a rundown. It's the International Society

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<v Speaker 1>for Krishna Consciousness. The other thing is called it's a

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<v Speaker 1>type of Hinduism, and it was founded in the mid

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<v Speaker 1>sixties in this exotic place called New York City. And

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<v Speaker 1>it has four regulative principles. Number one, no meat eating,

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<v Speaker 1>including fish or eggs, No gambling, no intoxicants, No illicit sex,

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<v Speaker 1>including that which is not for the procreation of children,

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<v Speaker 1>including in marriage. So it sounds like a party. I

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<v Speaker 1>was still convinced that Harry Krishnas eat a lot of

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<v Speaker 1>brown rice, and I looked it up and the first

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<v Speaker 1>search return was brown rice is for the animals, So, okay,

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<v Speaker 1>I was off the mark there. Ps George Harrison went

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<v Speaker 1>to their temple.

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<v Speaker 2>Okay, I was a teenager and I didn't want to

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<v Speaker 2>be there, and I was really annoyed at my dad.

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<v Speaker 2>You know, typical teenager crap.

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<v Speaker 1>So I'm I think most teenagers get annoyed that their

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<v Speaker 1>dads are Harry Christian. I think it's really common. So wait,

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<v Speaker 1>at what point were you at?

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<v Speaker 2>What?

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<v Speaker 1>At what point? Did did you decide to take this path?

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<v Speaker 1>And also if your parents were kind of like in

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<v Speaker 1>this old religion, was it weird to be a science kid?

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<v Speaker 2>Imber So I remember when I was like, I'm going

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<v Speaker 2>to be a scientist. But at that point, again, I

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<v Speaker 2>didn't realize the entomology was an option. I had this

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<v Speaker 2>this teacher in high school in England, and high school

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<v Speaker 2>starts a little earlier than it does here in America.

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<v Speaker 1>Because you have nine hours ahead. It starts nine hours,

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<v Speaker 1>eight hours.

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<v Speaker 2>And I forgot his name, but he had kind of

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<v Speaker 2>like crazy Einsteinian hair that was like all over the place.

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<v Speaker 2>He would wear like a big velvet purple bloat bow tie.

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<v Speaker 2>He had the you know, the shorts coat that had

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<v Speaker 2>the corduroy elbow patches. One day he took me aside

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<v Speaker 2>and he's like, Leila, you're good at science. You need

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<v Speaker 2>to study science. And I was like, oh yeah, I do.

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<v Speaker 2>I love science. I love dissecting daffodils.

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<v Speaker 1>Quick question, was he Willy Wonka? Was he actually really Wonka?

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<v Speaker 2>Literally looks like Willy Wonka in my head, but he

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<v Speaker 2>looks a tiny bit different because he wasn't. He's not

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<v Speaker 2>Gene Wilder.

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<v Speaker 1>Okay, so you were touched by the hand of a

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<v Speaker 1>science angel. Yes, and he said you're good at this,

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<v Speaker 1>and you're like, you're right, I'm amazing.

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<v Speaker 2>I don't think I said that, but it was at

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<v Speaker 2>the same right around the same time when they're telling

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<v Speaker 2>us that we had to pick Koreas and I had

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<v Speaker 2>literally been looking at being a hotel manager.

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<v Speaker 1>Oh fuck that. I mean, it's good if.

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<v Speaker 2>You can do it, but I'm pretty happy with where

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<v Speaker 2>I am in my career, and if I was a

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<v Speaker 2>hotel manager, I think it would be I don't know,

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<v Speaker 2>I don't think it would be as fulfilling for me.

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<v Speaker 1>Right then, when Lea went to college, she got back

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<v Speaker 1>into entomology and she ended up at UC Riverside and

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<v Speaker 1>found out that they have a really great program where

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<v Speaker 1>she could study bugs for four years. And she was like, oh, dude,

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<v Speaker 1>it is on What is the most fulfilling thing about

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<v Speaker 1>being having studied bugs?

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<v Speaker 2>Well, getting to work at the Naturist Museum and being

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<v Speaker 2>around other bug geeks and getting to go into the

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<v Speaker 2>collection and pull out drawers and see just these spectacular

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<v Speaker 2>specimens from all over the world, whether they're you know,

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<v Speaker 2>the big showy things that the crowd pleases, or whether

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<v Speaker 2>it's the hundreds of tiny little wasps or tiny little flies.

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<v Speaker 1>Is it like being like when you see bad rom

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<v Speaker 1>coms about women in jewelry stores drilling? Do you feel

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<v Speaker 1>like that when with bug collections?

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I definitely would not be sitting in a jewelry

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<v Speaker 2>shop looking at rows of diamond rings and being like

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<v Speaker 2>I want that one or that one. I'm definitely looking

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<v Speaker 2>at the bugs. I'm like, oh my gosh, look at

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<v Speaker 2>this beetle.

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<v Speaker 1>Look at this mother beetle, whether it's elytra eleikra being.

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<v Speaker 2>The hardened sheath like wing coverings the outer wings of

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<v Speaker 2>a beetle.

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<v Speaker 1>I have a question, what's a show stopping bug? When

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<v Speaker 1>you say like the showstoppers, what are you talking about?

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<v Speaker 2>So like goliath beetles or hercules beetles, Like some of

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<v Speaker 2>these beetles that are almost the size of our fist,

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<v Speaker 2>huge giant And then when holding one of those large

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<v Speaker 2>beetles in your hand, it's you're just like, oh my god,

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<v Speaker 2>it's so much stronger than I thought it was gonna

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<v Speaker 2>be a little bit scary stronger, Like have any.

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<v Speaker 1>Tried to use their huge jaws powerful jaws to say.

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<v Speaker 2>Hello, I'm pretty good about not touching that end. Okay,

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<v Speaker 2>ones that have large mandibles, especially large slicy mandibles.

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<v Speaker 1>Slicy mandibles, keep away from that.

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<v Speaker 2>Hold them in the the well because you were saying

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<v Speaker 2>the endem thin waisted. So beetles don't really have a

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<v Speaker 2>thin waist. They're pretty fat around the waist.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, they got a badonka.

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<v Speaker 2>So you hold hold them on that fat beIN you're like, oh,

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<v Speaker 2>keeping far away from many manibals that you might have

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<v Speaker 2>them might want to bite me.

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<v Speaker 1>I have a question about insects. Are what half of

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<v Speaker 1>all species of living animals on earth? Something like that.

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<v Speaker 2>I just know that there's about a million described species,

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<v Speaker 2>but they estimate that could be up to like ten million.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, so they outnumber mammals and fish, way and birds

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<v Speaker 1>and birds, yeah, etcetera, et cetera. So in nineteen forty nine,

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<v Speaker 1>John Burdon Sanderson Haldane was a British evolutionary biologist, and

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<v Speaker 1>he was credited as noting that God, if one exists,

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<v Speaker 1>has an inordinate fondness for beetles. He actually like laid

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<v Speaker 1>it out, said the creator would appear as endowed with

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<v Speaker 1>a passion for stars on the one hand, and for

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<v Speaker 1>beetles on the other, God is just in a shack

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<v Speaker 1>in the backyard, tinkering over and over, being like, man

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<v Speaker 1>cannot get enough of these beetles, can't stop making them.

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<v Speaker 1>I can't stop so much. I guess I should stop

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<v Speaker 1>wars from happening. But it's gonna keep making these beetles.

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<v Speaker 1>So how do you go about studying that? If there's

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<v Speaker 1>so if there's such biodiversity with insects, there's so many

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<v Speaker 1>different kinds, they have so many different habitats. How do

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<v Speaker 1>you tackle that when you're studying it?

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<v Speaker 2>It's hard because there's only so many scientists, and there's

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<v Speaker 2>only only so many scientists who end up going into

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<v Speaker 2>entomology or choosing that as a koreer. We don't have

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<v Speaker 2>that many people doing it. We need more people studying

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<v Speaker 2>bugs to help figure out what's here. And if we

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<v Speaker 2>don't know what's here, how can you like work to

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<v Speaker 2>protect it? Right, we have again amazing entomology department at

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<v Speaker 2>the museum and our curator, doctor Bran Brown. He's a

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<v Speaker 2>fly expert and one of the leading fly experts in

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<v Speaker 2>the World's right, it's pretty amazing.

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<v Speaker 1>Okay, So doctor Brian Brown studies this type of humpback

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<v Speaker 1>fly that hardly anyone else studies. So during his career

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<v Speaker 1>path he was like, you know what, I'm gonna look

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<v Speaker 1>at flies. This is kind of a way for me

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<v Speaker 1>to distinguish myself. And now he's one of the leading

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<v Speaker 1>fly experts and has discovered forty three forty two forty

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<v Speaker 1>three new species of forward flies here in Los Angeles,

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<v Speaker 1>which is a big deal.

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<v Speaker 2>That was through citizens science having traps in people's backyards

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<v Speaker 2>that were said, yeah, sure, we'll have this trap. We'll

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<v Speaker 2>host this trap in our backyard. It's called a Malaise trap,

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<v Speaker 2>not because anyone's in a bad mood or anything, but

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<v Speaker 2>the guy's name was Malaise.

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<v Speaker 1>So Renee Malaise was Swedish, and in the nineteen thirties

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<v Speaker 1>he invented a death chamber for bugs, but an important

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<v Speaker 1>tool for fellow entomologists. So a Malays trap. I've seen them.

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<v Speaker 1>They look like a really shitty tent, like they have

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<v Speaker 1>netty sides and kind of a white canopy and bugs

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<v Speaker 1>get trapped and they try to fly out the top,

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<v Speaker 1>but they're funneled into a trap which is usually are

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<v Speaker 1>filled with ethanol, which is a scientific term forever clear,

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<v Speaker 1>so they die in the worst version of college jungle

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<v Speaker 1>juice possible. Also, I just looked up ever clear, not

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<v Speaker 1>pure ethanol. It's ninety five percent alcohol by volume, and

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<v Speaker 1>it's illegal in a bunch of places because it's probably

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<v Speaker 1>very dangerous. But in some states you can buy ninety

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<v Speaker 1>four point five percent alcohol, which is totally fine.

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<v Speaker 2>So it's a capital M. You always see malays trap

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<v Speaker 2>with a capital M.

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<v Speaker 1>That's a terrible last name, and especially if your legacy

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<v Speaker 1>on Earth is that you invented a trap that kills

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<v Speaker 1>and collects insects and it's a Malay Like it's so

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<v Speaker 1>perfectly named.

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<v Speaker 2>I think it's amazing. I love I love explaining the name.

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<v Speaker 1>I wish it were called like a womp womp trap,

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<v Speaker 1>like it's such as set. It sounds like such a bummer. No,

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<v Speaker 1>going a little bit back to school, like what are

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<v Speaker 1>some of the first things that an entomologist learns, Like,

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<v Speaker 1>let's saying you're gonna be one. Do you start with

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<v Speaker 1>with chemistry? Do you start with ecology?

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<v Speaker 2>There was a lot of chemistry, a lot of biology,

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<v Speaker 2>a lot of physics.

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<v Speaker 1>Do you do you gravitate more towards science? That with

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<v Speaker 1>living things, it's like you can look at behavior and

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<v Speaker 1>patterns you yeah.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah. That's part of what appeals to me about entomology

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<v Speaker 2>is that I can talk about really uh inappropriate things,

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<v Speaker 2>but it's science, So it's okay.

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<v Speaker 1>When you're gravitating toward a certain bug to study, do

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<v Speaker 1>you go for like really gossipy behaviors? Like do you

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<v Speaker 1>are you like, oh my god, this wasp is such

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<v Speaker 1>a dick? Like why are wasps such dicks? They they're parasites.

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<v Speaker 1>They infect people like zombies, They sting people. They don't

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<v Speaker 1>even make Connie like, what's the deal with wasps?

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<v Speaker 2>Well, the wasps that I actually studied and worked on

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<v Speaker 2>right after I graduated from UC Riverside, So that's my

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<v Speaker 2>Ala Mata UC river Side entomology program. Uh. I studied

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<v Speaker 2>biological control, and I think that I was really into

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<v Speaker 2>that because it was, oh, we don't have to use

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<v Speaker 2>so much pesticides out in the world. We can use insects.

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<v Speaker 2>I mean, there are other creatures you can use for biocontrol,

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<v Speaker 2>but I was obviously focusing on insects as biocontrol agents.

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<v Speaker 1>And biocontrol is when you release an insect to kill

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<v Speaker 1>another insect instead of sprang everything with like agent orange

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<v Speaker 1>or something.

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<v Speaker 2>Basically, Okay, that's a that's a great way lay definition

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<v Speaker 2>for sure. So I worked for the California Department of

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<v Speaker 2>Food and Agriculture and worked on the glossy wing shop.

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<v Speaker 2>She's a project which is a tiny little plant hopper,

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<v Speaker 2>you know, about two centimeters? Oh what is that? In inches?

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<v Speaker 1>Don't worry about it. Yeah, okay, are you guys ready

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<v Speaker 1>for some serious insect gossip?

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<v Speaker 2>I hope.

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<v Speaker 1>So. So she was working on this project with the

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<v Speaker 1>glassy winged sharpshooter. They're not native to southern California. They

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<v Speaker 1>come from the southeastern United States. But they love to

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<v Speaker 1>hang out on citrus and grapes, which is annoying because

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<v Speaker 1>they poop everywhere. But also they spread this bacterium, and

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<v Speaker 1>this bacterium is bad news. It causes diseases such as

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<v Speaker 1>you ready for this sweet gum die back, cherry plum

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<v Speaker 1>leaf scorch, and phony peach disease. These are awesome names.

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<v Speaker 1>Glassy wing sharpshooter is already badass anyway, So it spreads

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<v Speaker 1>all these diseases. So what do they do? Well? Leela

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<v Speaker 1>was working on this project where she was helping introduce

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<v Speaker 1>a wasp that would eat the eggs of the glassy

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<v Speaker 1>wing sharpshooter so that the glassy wing sharpshooter wouldn't spread

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<v Speaker 1>the bacterium. Pretty cool. Also, these wasps have the cutest

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<v Speaker 1>name ever. They're like little tiny superheroes.

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<v Speaker 2>And they're called fairy wasps. Oh, and they're tiny. They're

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<v Speaker 2>like like one to two millimeters long babies there, and

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<v Speaker 2>they're some of them are kind of golden. So it's

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<v Speaker 2>like these little literally like with these really beautiful gosml

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<v Speaker 2>wings and so they sound really beautiful and amazing, right,

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<v Speaker 2>And the only problem was I was literally collecting these

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<v Speaker 2>wasps on a daily basis. And they're tiny, and you

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<v Speaker 2>use a little thing called an aspirita. So you've got

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<v Speaker 2>like a little like tube that goes into your mouth

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<v Speaker 2>and then you suck on it and then and then

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<v Speaker 2>the little wasps go into into the vial and there's

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<v Speaker 2>a little screen so it doesn't then you don't suck

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<v Speaker 2>them into your own mouth.

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<v Speaker 1>So it's like a proboscis for humans, because now a

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<v Speaker 1>proboscis is a tubular mouth part like if a crazy

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<v Speaker 1>straw grew out of your face, like a yeah, that's

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<v Speaker 1>that's a prosthetic proboscis.

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<v Speaker 2>But we did have ones that you could hook up

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<v Speaker 2>to a vacuum cleaner so that you didn't even have

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<v Speaker 2>to use your own sucking power.

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<v Speaker 1>That's all due respect. That's so weird too, that you

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<v Speaker 1>had like a two that you would suck over.

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<v Speaker 2>And as as an entomologist, you carry them around your

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<v Speaker 2>neck and it's almost like you're wearing a necklace. So

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<v Speaker 2>I had to aspirate hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of

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<v Speaker 2>these tiny wasps. So I would wake up in my

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<v Speaker 2>I'd have dreams and then wake up in the middle

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<v Speaker 2>of the night being like one, two, three before and

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<v Speaker 2>it was like, oh my gosh, no, I could don't well,

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<v Speaker 2>I love insects, but I'm hating them right now.

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<v Speaker 1>That used to happen to me when I played Magic

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<v Speaker 1>the Gathering a lot.

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<v Speaker 2>I would like be.

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<v Speaker 1>Falling asleep and I'd be like, how much manner do

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<v Speaker 1>I have to tell to rush my teeth? You're just

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<v Speaker 1>like used to it. How much of your career has

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<v Speaker 1>been spent in the field versus like in a lab.

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<v Speaker 2>So that's a great question. So not long after that

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<v Speaker 2>that repetitive nature of the asperating the fairy wasps and

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<v Speaker 2>then going to the same field sites every month.

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<v Speaker 1>So the fieldwork was starting to wear on her, so

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<v Speaker 1>Leila decided to take a little bit of a detour.

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<v Speaker 2>And I'd also kind of had figured out right before

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<v Speaker 2>that that I was better at communicating about science and

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<v Speaker 2>and getting other people excited about insects. And I got

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<v Speaker 2>my first job at a museum, and my whole life changed.

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<v Speaker 1>Really Yeah, so now you work in museums and you

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<v Speaker 1>kind of facilitate people getting stoked about bugs.

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<v Speaker 2>I mean the bug stuff. I just I get so

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<v Speaker 2>excited when I get to have someone send me a

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<v Speaker 2>bug picture.

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<v Speaker 1>How does that happen? Do you get text at like

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<v Speaker 1>two in the morning being like, what the fuck is

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<v Speaker 1>thisst and it's a potato buger.

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<v Speaker 2>Suff I totally have texts from people at all times

419
00:22:29.400 --> 00:22:32.759
<v Speaker 2>of the day and night, from different time zones, different places.

420
00:22:32.880 --> 00:22:35.920
<v Speaker 2>And it's not just text message. It's like Facebook messages,

421
00:22:36.000 --> 00:22:40.400
<v Speaker 2>Instagram messages, a few ones through Twitter, but like that's

422
00:22:40.440 --> 00:22:43.240
<v Speaker 2>my favorite thing. I'm like, more people send me all

423
00:22:43.400 --> 00:22:46.440
<v Speaker 2>your bug pictures. I get so so excited.

424
00:22:47.440 --> 00:22:50.480
<v Speaker 1>Leela and I have also attended again on a Friday

425
00:22:50.559 --> 00:22:55.039
<v Speaker 1>night a bug meet up called the Lorquin Entomological Society,

426
00:22:55.200 --> 00:22:59.200
<v Speaker 1>which is a bug society. The bug Society is legit.

427
00:22:59.400 --> 00:23:01.960
<v Speaker 1>It's not like your aunt's book club that met twice.

428
00:23:02.039 --> 00:23:04.200
<v Speaker 1>These people have been meeting every Friday night for like

429
00:23:04.319 --> 00:23:07.400
<v Speaker 1>one hundred years. It literally turned one hundred a few

430
00:23:07.440 --> 00:23:10.279
<v Speaker 1>years ago, and they meet now in the back of

431
00:23:10.720 --> 00:23:14.839
<v Speaker 1>a bug warehouse in Compton. It's called bioquip. It rules.

432
00:23:15.160 --> 00:23:18.079
<v Speaker 1>The first time I went, I went completely alone by

433
00:23:18.119 --> 00:23:20.640
<v Speaker 1>myself on a Friday night, and I sat down and

434
00:23:20.640 --> 00:23:25.000
<v Speaker 1>someone turned around and introduced themselves as Jeff. I'm a

435
00:23:25.119 --> 00:23:27.319
<v Speaker 1>kind of a Katie did guy, and I was like,

436
00:23:27.359 --> 00:23:30.000
<v Speaker 1>these are my people, and bioquip is my heaven.

437
00:23:30.839 --> 00:23:33.319
<v Speaker 2>The best bug warehouse where you can buy the best

438
00:23:33.400 --> 00:23:38.079
<v Speaker 2>bug geeky equipment and books and everything that you could

439
00:23:38.079 --> 00:23:39.079
<v Speaker 2>ever ever want.

440
00:23:39.319 --> 00:23:42.200
<v Speaker 1>They have bug socks, they have butterfly nets, they have

441
00:23:42.440 --> 00:23:46.960
<v Speaker 1>books about bugs, they have framed bugs, VHS tapes. It's

442
00:23:47.039 --> 00:23:49.359
<v Speaker 1>they have ties with bugs on them that like you

443
00:23:49.519 --> 00:23:50.960
<v Speaker 1>know that you have like a weird uncle to give

444
00:23:50.960 --> 00:23:55.200
<v Speaker 1>it to. Okay, quick shift from bug socks to something grosser.

445
00:23:56.079 --> 00:23:58.640
<v Speaker 1>I have a question. How many bugs live on our person?

446
00:23:59.000 --> 00:24:01.400
<v Speaker 1>How many bugs are living on me right now? Mm

447
00:24:02.039 --> 00:24:04.000
<v Speaker 1>like not me. I did not wash my hair today,

448
00:24:04.039 --> 00:24:06.200
<v Speaker 1>So that's it for the average person.

449
00:24:07.200 --> 00:24:09.640
<v Speaker 2>I don't know. I know that there's like the the

450
00:24:09.759 --> 00:24:15.519
<v Speaker 2>mites which aren't technically insects, uh in our eyelashes and

451
00:24:15.599 --> 00:24:19.799
<v Speaker 2>places and eyebrows. I'm non expert. I like literally don't know.

452
00:24:20.599 --> 00:24:22.880
<v Speaker 1>Okay, so check this out. About ninety percent of the

453
00:24:22.960 --> 00:24:26.880
<v Speaker 1>cells that are walking around that you call you and

454
00:24:26.920 --> 00:24:31.640
<v Speaker 1>that share your Social Security number are actually other creatures.

455
00:24:31.920 --> 00:24:35.559
<v Speaker 1>They're microbes, mites, et cetera. Now we're going to cover

456
00:24:35.640 --> 00:24:37.720
<v Speaker 1>this in more detail when I have a microbiologist on,

457
00:24:38.079 --> 00:24:40.599
<v Speaker 1>but I just want you to know that you're covered

458
00:24:41.119 --> 00:24:46.000
<v Speaker 1>and full of organisms, so you're never alone. Feel free

459
00:24:46.039 --> 00:24:48.759
<v Speaker 1>to use the second person plural from now on as

460
00:24:48.880 --> 00:24:53.160
<v Speaker 1>the royal we refers to trillions of other persons who

461
00:24:53.160 --> 00:24:56.440
<v Speaker 1>have hopes and goals and dreams, such as to live

462
00:24:56.480 --> 00:24:59.799
<v Speaker 1>in a poor near your nose. Do you hate this podcast?

463
00:25:00.599 --> 00:25:01.039
<v Speaker 1>I hope not.

464
00:25:02.799 --> 00:25:05.920
<v Speaker 2>I remember when I was a teenager moving to America.

465
00:25:05.960 --> 00:25:08.400
<v Speaker 2>On the way here, I was in the Philippines. This

466
00:25:08.440 --> 00:25:10.119
<v Speaker 2>is a gross story, but I'm gonna tell it anyway.

467
00:25:10.440 --> 00:25:13.200
<v Speaker 2>I was in the Philippines and I was like, oh

468
00:25:13.240 --> 00:25:16.119
<v Speaker 2>my god, I've got pubiic lice. And I'm like, oh wait,

469
00:25:16.200 --> 00:25:18.960
<v Speaker 2>it's an ant. I'm like, how did an ant get

470
00:25:19.000 --> 00:25:19.680
<v Speaker 2>in my crotch?

471
00:25:20.400 --> 00:25:22.440
<v Speaker 1>Can I tell you a secret? What an ant bit

472
00:25:22.519 --> 00:25:27.200
<v Speaker 1>my butt? Crack? Once? So I get it? What is

473
00:25:27.240 --> 00:25:28.720
<v Speaker 1>it with What is it with ants?

474
00:25:29.079 --> 00:25:29.319
<v Speaker 2>Where?

475
00:25:29.359 --> 00:25:32.160
<v Speaker 1>Why are they so social? Maybe they were lonely? What

476
00:25:32.319 --> 00:25:35.680
<v Speaker 1>is the deal with with like bees, ants being social

477
00:25:35.759 --> 00:25:38.160
<v Speaker 1>insects and the rest of them being like fuck all, y'all,

478
00:25:38.160 --> 00:25:39.480
<v Speaker 1>this apple core is mine?

479
00:25:39.920 --> 00:25:43.519
<v Speaker 2>Well, okay, so there's some uh, wasps, bees, ants and

480
00:25:43.599 --> 00:25:47.000
<v Speaker 2>wasps right, the hymenoptra. There are many of them that

481
00:25:47.119 --> 00:25:50.359
<v Speaker 2>are social insects, but there are wasps uh and bees

482
00:25:50.400 --> 00:25:53.119
<v Speaker 2>who are not so like carpenter bees are more like

483
00:25:53.200 --> 00:25:56.759
<v Speaker 2>solitary bees. And you see the black ones flying around,

484
00:25:56.759 --> 00:25:59.079
<v Speaker 2>which are the females, and the like kind of tan

485
00:25:59.200 --> 00:26:02.720
<v Speaker 2>colored ones, and the males. We call them teddy bear bees, but.

486
00:26:02.680 --> 00:26:06.200
<v Speaker 1>They're huge, they're so pretty. I once didn't know what

487
00:26:06.240 --> 00:26:07.960
<v Speaker 1>it was and I tried to kill one, which I

488
00:26:08.000 --> 00:26:10.839
<v Speaker 1>shouldn't have, and I and but the joke is on me. Excite.

489
00:26:11.240 --> 00:26:13.720
<v Speaker 1>I used to roll up magazine and I blew out

490
00:26:13.759 --> 00:26:14.799
<v Speaker 1>a window and then I had to pay for the

491
00:26:14.839 --> 00:26:16.519
<v Speaker 1>window in college.

492
00:26:17.359 --> 00:26:20.599
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, so they're solitary. So a lot of people expect

493
00:26:20.680 --> 00:26:24.640
<v Speaker 2>that most bees and wasps are social, but there are

494
00:26:24.680 --> 00:26:28.000
<v Speaker 2>some that are solitary and don't do the whole social thing.

495
00:26:28.920 --> 00:26:32.519
<v Speaker 1>So to determine if an insect is social or solitary,

496
00:26:33.000 --> 00:26:36.039
<v Speaker 1>what a lot of researchers do is administer this test,

497
00:26:36.119 --> 00:26:40.359
<v Speaker 1>the specimen and it's called this awkward small talk quiz

498
00:26:40.480 --> 00:26:44.480
<v Speaker 1>will reveal your introvert type, which is available at BuzzFeed

499
00:26:44.480 --> 00:26:45.000
<v Speaker 1>dot com.

500
00:26:45.720 --> 00:26:48.920
<v Speaker 2>But there are obviously benefits to having that kind of

501
00:26:49.160 --> 00:26:54.279
<v Speaker 2>social life because they protect their sisters.

502
00:26:54.599 --> 00:26:56.839
<v Speaker 1>But they're usually ladies though, like when you see a

503
00:26:56.920 --> 00:27:00.720
<v Speaker 1>huge colony, they're usually sterilely right.

504
00:27:01.000 --> 00:27:04.039
<v Speaker 2>So if we're talking about the bee hives, like the

505
00:27:04.039 --> 00:27:06.359
<v Speaker 2>the European honey bees, which are the bees that we

506
00:27:06.400 --> 00:27:09.559
<v Speaker 2>see like all around here. Again, not a species that

507
00:27:09.680 --> 00:27:14.880
<v Speaker 2>is from North America. They're from Europe. It's mostly females.

508
00:27:14.920 --> 00:27:17.640
<v Speaker 2>But then there are the drones, and but you know

509
00:27:17.839 --> 00:27:20.559
<v Speaker 2>they're they're not doing as much work as the women are, right.

510
00:27:20.480 --> 00:27:22.960
<v Speaker 1>They're just flying around trying to have a gang bang

511
00:27:23.000 --> 00:27:23.440
<v Speaker 1>with the queen.

512
00:27:23.559 --> 00:27:26.440
<v Speaker 2>Right, I was gonna bring that back.

513
00:27:27.759 --> 00:27:29.920
<v Speaker 1>But their their job is to fly as fast as

514
00:27:29.960 --> 00:27:32.200
<v Speaker 1>they can in the air, get a quick noogie with

515
00:27:32.240 --> 00:27:34.519
<v Speaker 1>the queen, try and have one million babies with her,

516
00:27:34.519 --> 00:27:36.880
<v Speaker 1>and then die. Is that correct or is that wrong?

517
00:27:37.519 --> 00:27:38.400
<v Speaker 1>I'm paraphrasing.

518
00:27:39.119 --> 00:27:43.640
<v Speaker 2>Paraphrasing. I think that's you know, fairly again, it works

519
00:27:43.640 --> 00:27:46.559
<v Speaker 2>for the lay audience, right, okay, But they are but

520
00:27:46.640 --> 00:27:47.039
<v Speaker 2>they don't.

521
00:27:47.240 --> 00:27:49.000
<v Speaker 1>Drones don't sting. Males don't sting.

522
00:27:49.079 --> 00:27:53.519
<v Speaker 2>No, they because it's a modified ovipositor. That is what

523
00:27:53.680 --> 00:27:55.720
<v Speaker 2>the stinger is for a bee.

524
00:27:56.799 --> 00:28:00.839
<v Speaker 1>So an ovipositor is kind of like this point tube

525
00:28:00.880 --> 00:28:04.559
<v Speaker 1>structure at the end of a lady insect butt and

526
00:28:04.599 --> 00:28:07.039
<v Speaker 1>she uses it to lay eggs. It's kind of like

527
00:28:07.839 --> 00:28:09.799
<v Speaker 1>a T shirt gun, but for your babies.

528
00:28:10.359 --> 00:28:12.839
<v Speaker 2>So the males cannot do it, but they do. They

529
00:28:13.119 --> 00:28:15.839
<v Speaker 2>they do the trickery. They do the trickery. So of

530
00:28:16.079 --> 00:28:18.599
<v Speaker 2>a male bee could like land on you and then

531
00:28:18.680 --> 00:28:23.079
<v Speaker 2>still like pump his abdomen, not in a sexual way,

532
00:28:23.119 --> 00:28:26.880
<v Speaker 2>but in a in a like oh I could sting you.

533
00:28:27.000 --> 00:28:31.240
<v Speaker 2>But unless you're looking really closely, you know, most people

534
00:28:31.319 --> 00:28:34.160
<v Speaker 2>don't really they're like, ah, right, but if you know

535
00:28:34.240 --> 00:28:35.839
<v Speaker 2>it's a if you can see that it's a drone

536
00:28:35.839 --> 00:28:38.039
<v Speaker 2>you're like, oh, you can't actually do anything.

537
00:28:38.200 --> 00:28:41.960
<v Speaker 1>And drones have bigger eyes. So drones do, in fact

538
00:28:42.079 --> 00:28:45.680
<v Speaker 1>have larger eyes, and they don't gather nectar or pollen

539
00:28:46.119 --> 00:28:49.200
<v Speaker 1>or do really any work. Their primary goal is to

540
00:28:49.319 --> 00:28:54.119
<v Speaker 1>mate and die. They are Nature's No, i'd jigglow. This

541
00:28:54.240 --> 00:28:56.519
<v Speaker 1>is literally all of my knowledge of drones. But so

542
00:28:56.880 --> 00:28:58.759
<v Speaker 1>I but I didn't know that. I didn't know that

543
00:28:58.799 --> 00:29:02.319
<v Speaker 1>a beastinger was a mod fight ovipositive. Yes, So let's

544
00:29:02.319 --> 00:29:05.759
<v Speaker 1>get back to Leela's job at the NHM. Citizens science

545
00:29:05.880 --> 00:29:12.200
<v Speaker 1>is essentially non scientists helping collect data and observations for research.

546
00:29:12.720 --> 00:29:15.720
<v Speaker 1>And if you're like, I'm not qualified for that, just

547
00:29:15.799 --> 00:29:19.559
<v Speaker 1>know that scientists are like, either you help me or

548
00:29:19.599 --> 00:29:23.319
<v Speaker 1>this shit never gets done, so please thank you. Also, no,

549
00:29:23.480 --> 00:29:25.880
<v Speaker 1>you don't have to be like a citizen of anywhere.

550
00:29:25.920 --> 00:29:27.000
<v Speaker 1>That's a bit of a misnomer.

551
00:29:27.720 --> 00:29:31.039
<v Speaker 2>Some people call it community science, some people call it

552
00:29:31.319 --> 00:29:34.599
<v Speaker 2>civic science. Some people call it public participation in scientific

553
00:29:34.599 --> 00:29:37.519
<v Speaker 2>research PPSR. That's not exactly like one of those things

554
00:29:37.519 --> 00:29:38.920
<v Speaker 2>that's going to be like I want to be be

555
00:29:39.000 --> 00:29:39.920
<v Speaker 2>a PPSR.

556
00:29:40.400 --> 00:29:42.000
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, No, that does not bring to it.

557
00:29:42.200 --> 00:29:44.200
<v Speaker 2>So, and you know, there's a lot of other countries

558
00:29:44.200 --> 00:29:47.119
<v Speaker 2>that do citizens science besides just North America, and in

559
00:29:47.160 --> 00:29:49.319
<v Speaker 2>some of those are the places the word citizen isn't

560
00:29:49.359 --> 00:29:52.799
<v Speaker 2>quite so polarizing. But I get that that's a thing,

561
00:29:53.039 --> 00:29:55.680
<v Speaker 2>So I just want to make sure that that is

562
00:29:56.079 --> 00:29:58.799
<v Speaker 2>lost in the in the scheme of things. But ultimately,

563
00:29:58.880 --> 00:30:02.440
<v Speaker 2>citizen science is a way democratize science. Who owned the

564
00:30:02.599 --> 00:30:07.640
<v Speaker 2>data isn't just large corporations in the government anymore. People

565
00:30:07.920 --> 00:30:11.440
<v Speaker 2>of the community, people, citizens of the country of the

566
00:30:11.480 --> 00:30:13.400
<v Speaker 2>world can own that data.

567
00:30:13.480 --> 00:30:16.920
<v Speaker 1>And so do you think, as we were coming upon

568
00:30:17.519 --> 00:30:20.279
<v Speaker 1>we'll just call it a post truth era, Like, what

569
00:30:20.319 --> 00:30:23.279
<v Speaker 1>do you feel like your role is someone who advocates

570
00:30:23.279 --> 00:30:27.240
<v Speaker 1>for citizens science could be in kind of keeping science

571
00:30:27.640 --> 00:30:28.799
<v Speaker 1>alive and respected.

572
00:30:29.920 --> 00:30:32.200
<v Speaker 2>Again, I think there's a lot of people who don't

573
00:30:32.200 --> 00:30:35.839
<v Speaker 2>really understand how science works because it has been a

574
00:30:35.839 --> 00:30:38.640
<v Speaker 2>bit of a black box. And citizens science is a

575
00:30:38.640 --> 00:30:43.200
<v Speaker 2>way to get people involved in the actual scientific process

576
00:30:43.279 --> 00:30:48.200
<v Speaker 2>and so can help to then demystify science. Isn't that complicated?

577
00:30:48.799 --> 00:30:50.799
<v Speaker 1>How do people get involved in citizen science? Like, let's

578
00:30:50.799 --> 00:30:53.240
<v Speaker 1>say you've got really shitty karma, you cheated on your

579
00:30:53.240 --> 00:30:55.799
<v Speaker 1>saxes or your wife, Like, how can you get involved

580
00:30:55.799 --> 00:30:57.279
<v Speaker 1>in citizen science? And redeem yourself.

581
00:30:57.799 --> 00:31:00.799
<v Speaker 2>So obviously there's citizens science that we do at the museum,

582
00:31:01.160 --> 00:31:03.400
<v Speaker 2>and you can get involved in those projects that are

583
00:31:03.480 --> 00:31:09.079
<v Speaker 2>very LA and South Southern California centric, and they're obviously

584
00:31:09.119 --> 00:31:13.839
<v Speaker 2>focused on mostly right now, the kind of urban terrestrial

585
00:31:14.720 --> 00:31:16.799
<v Speaker 2>fauna that lives around here. So we've got a snail

586
00:31:16.839 --> 00:31:20.240
<v Speaker 2>and slug project called slime Nice, We've got a reptile

587
00:31:20.279 --> 00:31:23.440
<v Speaker 2>amphibian project called Rascals, and we've got a squirrel project

588
00:31:24.079 --> 00:31:26.079
<v Speaker 2>which is squirrels and chipmunks because they're all in the

589
00:31:26.119 --> 00:31:29.640
<v Speaker 2>same group. And so you can take pictures of any

590
00:31:29.680 --> 00:31:35.480
<v Speaker 2>of those creatures snails, slugs, reptiles, amphibians, turtles, newts, squirrels,

591
00:31:35.559 --> 00:31:38.640
<v Speaker 2>chipmunks anywhere in Southern California and submit them to the

592
00:31:38.680 --> 00:31:43.400
<v Speaker 2>I Naturalist website, which is also free app on your phone.

593
00:31:44.000 --> 00:31:45.160
<v Speaker 2>Anyone can join.

594
00:31:45.759 --> 00:31:47.759
<v Speaker 1>Okay, what if you don't live in LA like most

595
00:31:47.799 --> 00:31:50.000
<v Speaker 1>people on the planet who can afford housing and don't

596
00:31:50.000 --> 00:31:53.200
<v Speaker 1>wear SPF seventy in the winter, But and then across

597
00:31:53.200 --> 00:31:56.240
<v Speaker 1>the country people can maybe what like just.

598
00:31:57.079 --> 00:31:58.920
<v Speaker 2>So many different projects and you go to you can

599
00:31:58.920 --> 00:32:02.480
<v Speaker 2>go to a website called starter dot com and you

600
00:32:02.480 --> 00:32:04.799
<v Speaker 2>can then find a project that is in your area

601
00:32:04.960 --> 00:32:09.039
<v Speaker 2>and that you'd be interested in. There's projects, really cool

602
00:32:09.039 --> 00:32:12.680
<v Speaker 2>projects online where you can literally sit in your pajamas

603
00:32:12.720 --> 00:32:17.160
<v Speaker 2>and do human computing using your free time to help

604
00:32:17.160 --> 00:32:21.240
<v Speaker 2>a project on this platform called the zooniverse, and you

605
00:32:21.279 --> 00:32:24.240
<v Speaker 2>can go to a project and like literally like code

606
00:32:24.880 --> 00:32:26.720
<v Speaker 2>the different galaxies.

607
00:32:26.839 --> 00:32:30.200
<v Speaker 1>Coding galaxies. I have no idea what you're talking about.

608
00:32:30.440 --> 00:32:33.119
<v Speaker 1>Is it cool? Okay, this has absolutely nothing to do

609
00:32:33.160 --> 00:32:37.119
<v Speaker 1>with bugs, but it's awesome. Go to galaxzoo dot org.

610
00:32:37.599 --> 00:32:40.279
<v Speaker 2>So you go to the zoooniverse website and I think

611
00:32:40.319 --> 00:32:44.000
<v Speaker 2>it's called galaxy Quest and you literally look up pictures

612
00:32:44.000 --> 00:32:47.119
<v Speaker 2>of galaxies because you imagine a telescope taking all the

613
00:32:47.119 --> 00:32:51.920
<v Speaker 2>pictures of galaxies hundreds, right, and hundreds and maybe the

614
00:32:51.960 --> 00:32:54.680
<v Speaker 2>scientist doesn't have an algorithm that it can go through

615
00:32:54.680 --> 00:32:57.000
<v Speaker 2>a computer yet to figure out what it's looking at.

616
00:32:57.000 --> 00:33:01.119
<v Speaker 2>And the human I plus our human brain together we

617
00:33:01.200 --> 00:33:04.559
<v Speaker 2>just have this ability to like recognize patterns that computers

618
00:33:04.799 --> 00:33:06.640
<v Speaker 2>we can teach it how to do that based on

619
00:33:06.720 --> 00:33:11.119
<v Speaker 2>what humans do. But at first, like if you don't

620
00:33:11.160 --> 00:33:13.960
<v Speaker 2>know there's no pattern, how can you teach a computer

621
00:33:14.000 --> 00:33:15.960
<v Speaker 2>to do it? So we can have humans do that,

622
00:33:16.039 --> 00:33:20.119
<v Speaker 2>So that's called human computing, and you know, there's how

623
00:33:20.240 --> 00:33:22.839
<v Speaker 2>much time do people use on things like angry birds

624
00:33:23.000 --> 00:33:25.680
<v Speaker 2>or whatever, the new candy crush saga. I don't even

625
00:33:25.680 --> 00:33:27.279
<v Speaker 2>know what the new one is. There's probably a new one,

626
00:33:27.400 --> 00:33:30.640
<v Speaker 2>but hundreds of thousands of hours people use on these things.

627
00:33:31.200 --> 00:33:34.400
<v Speaker 2>And some people decide to instead of doing angry words

628
00:33:34.519 --> 00:33:37.480
<v Speaker 2>or you know, candy crush saga, decide to go on

629
00:33:37.519 --> 00:33:41.839
<v Speaker 2>to galaxy quest and to look at different galaxies and

630
00:33:41.920 --> 00:33:45.519
<v Speaker 2>code them and so and then literally people have found

631
00:33:45.640 --> 00:33:48.680
<v Speaker 2>like new galaxies. Citizen scientists have found new galaxies.

632
00:33:49.160 --> 00:33:50.720
<v Speaker 1>Are you allowed to brag about that?

633
00:33:50.799 --> 00:33:50.880
<v Speaker 2>Like?

634
00:33:50.920 --> 00:33:53.200
<v Speaker 1>Do they send you an email? Like, yo, hey Roger,

635
00:33:53.279 --> 00:33:54.359
<v Speaker 1>you found a new galaxy?

636
00:33:54.480 --> 00:33:57.759
<v Speaker 2>Like I believe there was this woman called Hanni and

637
00:33:57.960 --> 00:34:01.359
<v Speaker 2>she found this thing called a I'm gonna fuck up

638
00:34:01.400 --> 00:34:06.079
<v Speaker 2>the name like vor veldt or something. Vorverb. I think

639
00:34:06.119 --> 00:34:10.639
<v Speaker 2>I think it's the word for thingy in Scandinavian language.

640
00:34:11.239 --> 00:34:14.000
<v Speaker 1>Okay, so I look this up. It's called Hannie's vor

641
00:34:14.119 --> 00:34:18.960
<v Speaker 1>verb warwerp vor verb and it means vorverb just means

642
00:34:19.039 --> 00:34:23.239
<v Speaker 1>object aka thingy vorverp is my everything.

643
00:34:23.280 --> 00:34:28.880
<v Speaker 2>Now, So Hannie's thingy not a dirty thing, a galic

644
00:34:29.039 --> 00:34:33.079
<v Speaker 2>seal thingy and it was something that she was like,

645
00:34:33.239 --> 00:34:34.800
<v Speaker 2>she'd been doing it so much. She's like, that's a

646
00:34:34.840 --> 00:34:37.880
<v Speaker 2>weird thing right there. It's a thingy. It's a weird thingy.

647
00:34:38.480 --> 00:34:41.239
<v Speaker 2>Maybe it's something significant. And then the scientists looked at

648
00:34:41.280 --> 00:34:43.039
<v Speaker 2>it like, oh my gosh, this is a whole new

649
00:34:43.079 --> 00:34:46.239
<v Speaker 2>thingy that we never knew about. Also, I love that

650
00:34:46.280 --> 00:34:49.159
<v Speaker 2>in Britain and like Europe, people are like, yeah, thingy,

651
00:34:49.400 --> 00:34:51.960
<v Speaker 2>that's totally good word. We're gonna use it. Anything with

652
00:34:51.960 --> 00:34:53.119
<v Speaker 2>a y on the end thingy.

653
00:34:54.239 --> 00:34:57.840
<v Speaker 1>Americans don't use thingy or the metric system enough. Both

654
00:34:57.840 --> 00:34:59.400
<v Speaker 1>of those things are sorely lacking them.

655
00:34:59.480 --> 00:35:02.840
<v Speaker 2>Right, make us at a little bit happy of people.

656
00:35:03.360 --> 00:35:05.920
<v Speaker 1>I think I have some questions that people wrote in

657
00:35:06.199 --> 00:35:07.960
<v Speaker 1>that they can I rapid fire question you.

658
00:35:08.119 --> 00:35:09.119
<v Speaker 2>Oh my gosh. Yes.

659
00:35:10.119 --> 00:35:13.519
<v Speaker 1>But before we take questions from you, our beloved listeners,

660
00:35:13.559 --> 00:35:15.840
<v Speaker 1>we're going to take a quick break for sponsors of

661
00:35:15.880 --> 00:35:18.559
<v Speaker 1>the show. Sponsors. Why sponsors? You know what they do?

662
00:35:18.679 --> 00:35:21.639
<v Speaker 1>They help us give money to different charities every week.

663
00:35:21.840 --> 00:35:24.199
<v Speaker 1>So if you want to know where Ologies gives our money,

664
00:35:24.360 --> 00:35:26.880
<v Speaker 1>you can go to Aliward dot com and look for

665
00:35:26.920 --> 00:35:30.000
<v Speaker 1>the tab Ologies gives back. There's like one hundred and

666
00:35:30.039 --> 00:35:33.119
<v Speaker 1>fifty different charities that we've given to already, with more

667
00:35:33.320 --> 00:35:35.400
<v Speaker 1>every single week. So if you need a place to go,

668
00:35:35.480 --> 00:35:37.000
<v Speaker 1>donate a little bit of money but you're not sure

669
00:35:37.000 --> 00:35:40.159
<v Speaker 1>where to go. Those are all picked biologists who work

670
00:35:40.199 --> 00:35:43.559
<v Speaker 1>in those fields, and this ad break allows us to

671
00:35:44.320 --> 00:35:46.920
<v Speaker 1>give a ton of money to them. So thanks for

672
00:35:47.039 --> 00:35:52.000
<v Speaker 1>listening and thank sponsors. Okay, your questions, I'm just gonna

673
00:35:52.079 --> 00:35:54.519
<v Speaker 1>rap it fire. Just whatever answer you. If you don't know,

674
00:35:54.599 --> 00:36:00.360
<v Speaker 1>you can just be like pass Sean Paul called wants

675
00:36:00.400 --> 00:36:03.599
<v Speaker 1>to know what's the visible difference between dragonflies and damselflies.

676
00:36:04.039 --> 00:36:07.320
<v Speaker 2>So dragonflies usually hold their wings out to the side

677
00:36:07.320 --> 00:36:12.800
<v Speaker 2>of their body, whereas damselflies hold them. I'm doing it.

678
00:36:12.840 --> 00:36:14.800
<v Speaker 2>No one can see this, I feely podcast.

679
00:36:14.920 --> 00:36:16.679
<v Speaker 1>That's a yoga pose that I don't know the name.

680
00:36:17.880 --> 00:36:21.760
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, No, damselflies hold them together over the back of

681
00:36:21.800 --> 00:36:25.920
<v Speaker 2>their body. Also, dragonflies have eyes that usually meet in

682
00:36:25.960 --> 00:36:29.519
<v Speaker 2>the middle to some extent, and damselflies have more have

683
00:36:29.599 --> 00:36:32.159
<v Speaker 2>eyes that are more out to the side, a little

684
00:36:32.159 --> 00:36:38.679
<v Speaker 2>bit like hammerhead sharks, and damselflies are very petite and slender. Sometimes.

685
00:36:38.679 --> 00:36:42.239
<v Speaker 2>There's a scientist called John Acorn, the nature Nut from Canada.

686
00:36:42.480 --> 00:36:46.079
<v Speaker 2>He calls them flying neon toothpicks because they're very slender,

687
00:36:46.199 --> 00:36:48.119
<v Speaker 2>whereas dragonflies are more stout bodied.

688
00:36:48.519 --> 00:36:54.320
<v Speaker 1>Nice way to go, Canadian bug guy. Yes, okay, Dave

689
00:36:54.519 --> 00:36:57.400
<v Speaker 1>Long wants to know what's with all the legs.

690
00:36:58.159 --> 00:37:04.360
<v Speaker 2>The six legs to three pairs of legs. Well, they're

691
00:37:04.360 --> 00:37:09.119
<v Speaker 2>in the arthropod groups, which is jointed legged creatures and

692
00:37:10.159 --> 00:37:14.599
<v Speaker 2>insects have six versus like their racknets that have eight versus.

693
00:37:14.599 --> 00:37:18.000
<v Speaker 2>Some of the other creatures like crustaceans that have seven

694
00:37:18.039 --> 00:37:21.960
<v Speaker 2>pairs and whatnot. Why do they have six versus? I

695
00:37:21.960 --> 00:37:25.599
<v Speaker 2>don't know the answer to that, but obviously those legs

696
00:37:25.639 --> 00:37:30.320
<v Speaker 2>help them to get around, and some insects don't have wings,

697
00:37:30.400 --> 00:37:34.920
<v Speaker 2>they've de evolved wings like madagascan hiss and cockroaches per se.

698
00:37:36.239 --> 00:37:40.119
<v Speaker 2>But those legs are this method of locomotion on on

699
00:37:40.280 --> 00:37:42.039
<v Speaker 2>land that works really well for them, so.

700
00:37:42.000 --> 00:37:45.280
<v Speaker 1>It gets them around crawling crawling wise.

701
00:37:45.599 --> 00:37:47.239
<v Speaker 2>Some of them what they have. Some of them have

702
00:37:47.320 --> 00:37:51.239
<v Speaker 2>saltorial legs which are for jumping. Good for jumping. Some

703
00:37:51.280 --> 00:37:53.239
<v Speaker 2>of them have for sorial legs which are good for digging.

704
00:37:54.199 --> 00:37:56.519
<v Speaker 2>What are some of the other modified legs? Going back

705
00:37:56.519 --> 00:37:59.519
<v Speaker 2>to all my undergraduate classes.

706
00:37:59.360 --> 00:38:02.320
<v Speaker 1>Are story ELPs are petopalps in the on the front

707
00:38:02.519 --> 00:38:03.039
<v Speaker 1>that they look.

708
00:38:03.280 --> 00:38:06.400
<v Speaker 2>So that's uh, that's more of the arachnids have the

709
00:38:06.400 --> 00:38:10.119
<v Speaker 2>pet like the scorpions have petitpalps. Oh my gosh, I

710
00:38:10.119 --> 00:38:11.880
<v Speaker 2>can't believe. I don't remember another.

711
00:38:12.880 --> 00:38:15.679
<v Speaker 1>It's okay, it's rapid fire. We got more for you also, Okay,

712
00:38:17.159 --> 00:38:20.920
<v Speaker 1>is it true that and that exoskeleton rigidity is why

713
00:38:21.000 --> 00:38:24.679
<v Speaker 1>insects could not maintain their massive prehistoric sizing? Brandy Demora

714
00:38:24.719 --> 00:38:25.239
<v Speaker 1>wants to know that.

715
00:38:25.840 --> 00:38:28.840
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, so the largest the largest insects we have right

716
00:38:28.880 --> 00:38:31.880
<v Speaker 2>now in our current climate with our current like pressure

717
00:38:32.400 --> 00:38:35.400
<v Speaker 2>on the planet is about the size of a fist,

718
00:38:35.519 --> 00:38:39.719
<v Speaker 2>which are the those giant amazing beetles. But back in

719
00:38:39.760 --> 00:38:43.159
<v Speaker 2>the day, when there were different climate conditions and pressure

720
00:38:43.199 --> 00:38:46.880
<v Speaker 2>conditions on the planet, Uh, there were some giant oh

721
00:38:46.880 --> 00:38:48.519
<v Speaker 2>my gosh, I wish I could go back in time,

722
00:38:49.039 --> 00:38:54.679
<v Speaker 2>giant dragonflies that had like a foot long wingspan. What fossils?

723
00:38:55.440 --> 00:38:57.079
<v Speaker 1>How loud were they? Do you think?

724
00:38:57.440 --> 00:39:00.480
<v Speaker 2>I can only imagine, you know, when a dragonfly, sorry,

725
00:39:00.480 --> 00:39:03.639
<v Speaker 2>a hummingbird comes like right behind your head, if you're

726
00:39:03.840 --> 00:39:08.039
<v Speaker 2>imagine that multiplied by ten. So I don't know, I mean,

727
00:39:08.079 --> 00:39:09.039
<v Speaker 2>that's an extrapolation.

728
00:39:09.119 --> 00:39:12.920
<v Speaker 1>Who knows and well why? Davidaka wants to know why

729
00:39:12.960 --> 00:39:16.159
<v Speaker 1>flees exist.

730
00:39:15.199 --> 00:39:17.920
<v Speaker 2>The same reason that humans exist. They just want to

731
00:39:18.360 --> 00:39:22.119
<v Speaker 2>carva a living. They want to find food, shelter, water, space,

732
00:39:22.239 --> 00:39:25.920
<v Speaker 2>pass on their genetic material. How are they any better

733
00:39:26.079 --> 00:39:26.880
<v Speaker 2>or worse than us?

734
00:39:27.199 --> 00:39:30.199
<v Speaker 1>They're just they're just living their lives. Let them bite

735
00:39:30.280 --> 00:39:33.760
<v Speaker 1>you and live their life. Can't if we make a living?

736
00:39:34.239 --> 00:39:37.960
<v Speaker 2>I mean, you could compare compare some fleas to certain

737
00:39:38.159 --> 00:39:43.199
<v Speaker 2>human beings in the world right now, parasitic human beings. Yeah,

738
00:39:43.360 --> 00:39:46.320
<v Speaker 2>aren't we all just parasites of something like consumerism?

739
00:39:46.559 --> 00:39:48.559
<v Speaker 1>Or I mean, aren't we.

740
00:39:48.559 --> 00:39:51.159
<v Speaker 2>All God Friday Night in Los Angeles?

741
00:39:51.880 --> 00:39:54.079
<v Speaker 1>Aren't we all? I mean, but I feel like bugs

742
00:39:54.119 --> 00:39:56.920
<v Speaker 1>are no more terrible than a human being. Everyone's just

743
00:39:56.960 --> 00:40:02.280
<v Speaker 1>trying to fuck and eat and die. Like I just said, food, water, shelter, space,

744
00:40:02.360 --> 00:40:08.199
<v Speaker 1>pass on your genetic material. Uh, how what we human beings?

745
00:40:08.199 --> 00:40:10.599
<v Speaker 1>We've got a lot of judgments about things we do.

746
00:40:11.000 --> 00:40:13.000
<v Speaker 1>Eric Martin wants to know what the white goo is

747
00:40:13.039 --> 00:40:15.079
<v Speaker 1>that comes out of a bug when you squish them.

748
00:40:15.960 --> 00:40:18.559
<v Speaker 2>White goo or yellow goo because when you okay, so

749
00:40:18.639 --> 00:40:21.440
<v Speaker 2>you know, when you have a driving down the road

750
00:40:21.480 --> 00:40:26.039
<v Speaker 2>in your windshield and a bug splats on it. Yeah,

751
00:40:26.280 --> 00:40:28.760
<v Speaker 2>if it's a lot of yellow, that's usually the fat

752
00:40:28.800 --> 00:40:31.920
<v Speaker 2>body of a female insect that maybe was like got

753
00:40:31.920 --> 00:40:34.719
<v Speaker 2>all this stuff ready for her eggs. I don't know

754
00:40:34.719 --> 00:40:36.079
<v Speaker 2>about the white stuff though.

755
00:40:36.480 --> 00:40:38.239
<v Speaker 1>Maybe they mean the yellow like you know when you

756
00:40:38.280 --> 00:40:40.159
<v Speaker 1>smash a thing and it's like and it looks like

757
00:40:40.239 --> 00:40:43.000
<v Speaker 1>Twinkie filling comes out, you.

758
00:40:42.920 --> 00:40:45.960
<v Speaker 2>Know what I mean, I know about the whole white thing,

759
00:40:46.079 --> 00:40:49.920
<v Speaker 2>like I've definitely I haven't squished that many bugs. Surprisingly,

760
00:40:50.159 --> 00:40:50.679
<v Speaker 2>I think he.

761
00:40:50.679 --> 00:40:54.960
<v Speaker 1>Must be talking about fat. Okay, sorry, storytime, quick diversion

762
00:40:55.000 --> 00:40:57.800
<v Speaker 1>from the rapid fire. This one time I was in

763
00:40:57.960 --> 00:41:00.400
<v Speaker 1>when I was taking an animal bioclass, I had to

764
00:41:01.559 --> 00:41:04.960
<v Speaker 1>dissect a cockroach and we had dissected all kinds of stuff.

765
00:41:04.960 --> 00:41:08.159
<v Speaker 1>We had dissected pigeons and fetal pigs that were like

766
00:41:08.280 --> 00:41:11.440
<v Speaker 1>the size of a puppy and incredibly heartbreaking. But it

767
00:41:11.440 --> 00:41:13.119
<v Speaker 1>was time to kill a cockroach. You had to go

768
00:41:13.159 --> 00:41:16.760
<v Speaker 1>to this tank full of cockages. Who cared about Nobody

769
00:41:16.760 --> 00:41:18.960
<v Speaker 1>cares about? I mean, it was there's they set up

770
00:41:19.000 --> 00:41:21.480
<v Speaker 1>a terrarium and it's full of like empty toilet paper

771
00:41:21.519 --> 00:41:25.320
<v Speaker 1>rolls and like apple cores and like some sad carroage shavings,

772
00:41:25.360 --> 00:41:28.679
<v Speaker 1>and it's just like a it's like a essentially, it's

773
00:41:28.719 --> 00:41:31.559
<v Speaker 1>like a skid row for cockroaches. And so you had

774
00:41:31.559 --> 00:41:32.880
<v Speaker 1>to go in and pick one up, and then you

775
00:41:32.920 --> 00:41:34.800
<v Speaker 1>had to kill it in alcohol, and then you had

776
00:41:34.840 --> 00:41:38.239
<v Speaker 1>to dissect it. And I had this lab partner who

777
00:41:38.280 --> 00:41:41.320
<v Speaker 1>I had been eyeing all Semester's name is Ted. He

778
00:41:41.480 --> 00:41:44.480
<v Speaker 1>was he had he was very heid. He had like

779
00:41:44.960 --> 00:41:49.239
<v Speaker 1>this really cheapist, like sheepish adorableness and like messy hair.

780
00:41:49.280 --> 00:41:50.559
<v Speaker 1>But I thought he was really cute. And he asked

781
00:41:50.559 --> 00:41:51.800
<v Speaker 1>me to be his lab partner for this one, and

782
00:41:51.840 --> 00:41:54.639
<v Speaker 1>I said yes. So I got my dead cockroach and

783
00:41:54.679 --> 00:41:57.360
<v Speaker 1>we started dissecting it, and it something happened where it

784
00:41:57.400 --> 00:42:00.840
<v Speaker 1>wasn't quite dead yet or or the nervouses and reacted

785
00:42:00.880 --> 00:42:04.400
<v Speaker 1>to a scalpel and it grabbed onto my hand and

786
00:42:04.440 --> 00:42:06.800
<v Speaker 1>then I moved my hand up and I hit Ted

787
00:42:06.880 --> 00:42:09.519
<v Speaker 1>in the faith with the cockroach.

788
00:42:09.079 --> 00:42:13.159
<v Speaker 2>On my finger. There was this an American cockroach.

789
00:42:13.800 --> 00:42:17.159
<v Speaker 1>This no, I think it was the Asian cockroaches, the

790
00:42:17.159 --> 00:42:19.880
<v Speaker 1>wingless ones. I think. I don't know, maybe it wasn't American.

791
00:42:19.960 --> 00:42:21.920
<v Speaker 1>I can't remember. All I remember is that like Ted

792
00:42:21.960 --> 00:42:23.360
<v Speaker 1>and I never worked together, and I had to look

793
00:42:23.360 --> 00:42:25.079
<v Speaker 1>at him from the back of the room, but I

794
00:42:25.079 --> 00:42:28.400
<v Speaker 1>remember slicing it open and a lot of like these

795
00:42:28.519 --> 00:42:30.280
<v Speaker 1>feathery fat deposits came out.

796
00:42:30.519 --> 00:42:35.480
<v Speaker 2>Well. Because this is so the spiracles inside of an insect.

797
00:42:35.719 --> 00:42:38.760
<v Speaker 2>So they insects do not breathe the same way as

798
00:42:38.840 --> 00:42:42.480
<v Speaker 2>humans do. We don't. They don't breathe through their mouth

799
00:42:42.639 --> 00:42:46.280
<v Speaker 2>and then the oxygen goes through the lungs into the

800
00:42:46.320 --> 00:42:50.199
<v Speaker 2>circulatory system. Instead, insects have these things called spiracles along

801
00:42:50.239 --> 00:42:52.960
<v Speaker 2>the side of their body which will tie holes, and

802
00:42:53.000 --> 00:42:56.679
<v Speaker 2>then oxygen is brought in through those holes through these

803
00:42:56.760 --> 00:43:01.760
<v Speaker 2>like very white and I've dissected some insects they like

804
00:43:02.239 --> 00:43:06.280
<v Speaker 2>those tubes kind of like white, nopalescent kind of pop out.

805
00:43:07.400 --> 00:43:11.159
<v Speaker 2>So I again, i'd have to see with your eyes,

806
00:43:11.440 --> 00:43:13.639
<v Speaker 2>which I can't mind meld and get inside your mind

807
00:43:13.840 --> 00:43:15.760
<v Speaker 2>and be there with Ted and maybe Ted and I

808
00:43:16.079 --> 00:43:21.559
<v Speaker 2>had a thing, who knows, But yeah, so they just

809
00:43:21.760 --> 00:43:24.039
<v Speaker 2>breathe in this whole different way. And also if it

810
00:43:24.079 --> 00:43:27.360
<v Speaker 2>was a metacasting, hissing cockroach, those spiracles are the same

811
00:43:27.440 --> 00:43:31.320
<v Speaker 2>things that when they breathe out when they exhale air,

812
00:43:31.679 --> 00:43:35.159
<v Speaker 2>exhale again, not with the same terminology as thus humans.

813
00:43:35.280 --> 00:43:37.960
<v Speaker 2>When air is let out through those holes fast come

814
00:43:38.000 --> 00:43:40.440
<v Speaker 2>like when you're blowing through a strawberry fast, it makes

815
00:43:40.440 --> 00:43:41.440
<v Speaker 2>that hissing sound.

816
00:43:41.400 --> 00:43:44.079
<v Speaker 1>And that is that's to say, yo, back off.

817
00:43:44.199 --> 00:43:46.480
<v Speaker 2>Jerks doesn't. Well, they can also be doing it for

818
00:43:46.639 --> 00:43:52.719
<v Speaker 2>like hey ladies. Really there's multiple communications for the hissing.

819
00:43:53.000 --> 00:43:55.000
<v Speaker 1>It's like, hey, you hissed it me. Do you want

820
00:43:55.000 --> 00:43:57.119
<v Speaker 1>to have ten thousand babies in the dirt?

821
00:43:57.159 --> 00:44:00.519
<v Speaker 2>I mean obviously, Like as a handler of hissing cockroaches,

822
00:44:00.559 --> 00:44:02.599
<v Speaker 2>a lot of times are like, dude, stop touching me.

823
00:44:03.400 --> 00:44:05.840
<v Speaker 1>But don't I've heard that if you have a hissing

824
00:44:05.840 --> 00:44:07.639
<v Speaker 1>cockroaches a pet, after a while, it gets used to

825
00:44:07.679 --> 00:44:10.599
<v Speaker 1>you and stops hissing because it's like, oh it's you totally.

826
00:44:10.920 --> 00:44:15.119
<v Speaker 2>Really that happens. Yeah, our live animal keepers and the

827
00:44:15.159 --> 00:44:18.079
<v Speaker 2>people who look after the insects of the museum. Yeah,

828
00:44:18.119 --> 00:44:20.840
<v Speaker 2>the cockroach is like, oh, there's no threat here. Why

829
00:44:20.840 --> 00:44:22.119
<v Speaker 2>would I bother hissing at you?

830
00:44:22.320 --> 00:44:24.960
<v Speaker 1>What if you came in with a Freddy Krueger mask

831
00:44:26.280 --> 00:44:26.920
<v Speaker 1>or something else?

832
00:44:26.920 --> 00:44:28.119
<v Speaker 2>Scary?

833
00:44:28.360 --> 00:44:31.559
<v Speaker 1>No cloud someone named Cloudburst asked if they're a legit

834
00:44:31.719 --> 00:44:35.440
<v Speaker 1>not lethal. Ways to keep common bugs away from their

835
00:44:35.480 --> 00:44:37.960
<v Speaker 1>spray happy dad. This person says, I'm a Buddhist, I

836
00:44:38.000 --> 00:44:41.719
<v Speaker 1>don't want anything dead, and they think that this person's

837
00:44:41.800 --> 00:44:43.920
<v Speaker 1>dad thinks that spraying them with soapy water and plainwater

838
00:44:44.000 --> 00:44:46.840
<v Speaker 1>is friendly. But how would you get rid of crickets,

839
00:44:46.840 --> 00:44:49.039
<v Speaker 1>ants and roaches without being like too big of a jerk?

840
00:44:50.920 --> 00:44:55.880
<v Speaker 2>I know, yeah, I mean personally, I'm all about integrated

841
00:44:55.920 --> 00:45:00.880
<v Speaker 2>pest management IPM. So what of the cultural and mechanical

842
00:45:00.920 --> 00:45:03.400
<v Speaker 2>methods of excluding them from getting into your house in

843
00:45:03.440 --> 00:45:06.400
<v Speaker 2>the first place? Amidley, if you get into gardening, it's

844
00:45:06.400 --> 00:45:11.239
<v Speaker 2>a whole other thing. I've been a gardener, and you know, so,

845
00:45:11.480 --> 00:45:14.239
<v Speaker 2>like if they're for coming into your house. Obviously, we

846
00:45:14.239 --> 00:45:16.840
<v Speaker 2>talk about this in the museum field, a lot IPM

847
00:45:16.960 --> 00:45:19.920
<v Speaker 2>is a big deal. You don't want bugs coming in

848
00:45:20.000 --> 00:45:23.159
<v Speaker 2>and eating your collections that are in your care, and

849
00:45:23.239 --> 00:45:27.440
<v Speaker 2>we're supposed to be keeping imperpetuity. Obviously things are going

850
00:45:27.480 --> 00:45:29.920
<v Speaker 2>to degrade over time, But you don't want insects coming

851
00:45:29.960 --> 00:45:31.760
<v Speaker 2>in and eating your mammal.

852
00:45:31.880 --> 00:45:34.679
<v Speaker 1>Collection, right, Like a carpet beetle will just chew the

853
00:45:34.679 --> 00:45:35.880
<v Speaker 1>hell out of a hide, right.

854
00:45:36.760 --> 00:45:41.800
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, those carpet beetles. Domestids are amazing and that's the

855
00:45:41.840 --> 00:45:46.280
<v Speaker 2>same beetle that is used to basically skeletonize specimens.

856
00:45:47.360 --> 00:45:50.679
<v Speaker 1>So carpet beetles are great when you need to clean

857
00:45:50.920 --> 00:45:55.440
<v Speaker 1>flesh off of bones. Say, let's say in a museum setting.

858
00:45:55.599 --> 00:45:59.440
<v Speaker 1>Please you don't want to sit there with tweezers and

859
00:45:59.760 --> 00:46:02.760
<v Speaker 1>two brush and bleach and Q tips trying to get

860
00:46:02.800 --> 00:46:05.599
<v Speaker 1>every bit of flesh off of say a skull. So

861
00:46:05.679 --> 00:46:07.599
<v Speaker 1>you jump it in a bucket full of a bunch

862
00:46:07.639 --> 00:46:10.639
<v Speaker 1>of carpet beetles and they are like, yeah, yumyam yum,

863
00:46:10.679 --> 00:46:13.159
<v Speaker 1>and they eat off all of the flesh and they

864
00:46:13.199 --> 00:46:18.039
<v Speaker 1>give you in return poop but they love it. Now,

865
00:46:18.119 --> 00:46:20.079
<v Speaker 1>that's great when you need a skull cleaned, but it

866
00:46:20.320 --> 00:46:25.199
<v Speaker 1>really sucks when they get into hides or fur or

867
00:46:25.280 --> 00:46:29.000
<v Speaker 1>leather or whatever in your specimen collections. So museums do

868
00:46:29.039 --> 00:46:31.800
<v Speaker 1>not like carpet beetles getting in where they're not supposed

869
00:46:31.840 --> 00:46:33.960
<v Speaker 1>to be. And if you listen to the Ornithology episode,

870
00:46:34.000 --> 00:46:36.320
<v Speaker 1>and you remember I asked the ornithologists the worst thing

871
00:46:36.320 --> 00:46:39.039
<v Speaker 1>about his job, the worst, and he said carpet beetles.

872
00:46:39.360 --> 00:46:41.639
<v Speaker 1>And this is a man who's been held up a

873
00:46:41.760 --> 00:46:43.239
<v Speaker 1>gunpoint on the job.

874
00:46:43.599 --> 00:46:47.679
<v Speaker 2>So carpet beetles and those a museum collections equals very

875
00:46:47.840 --> 00:46:50.599
<v Speaker 2>freaking bad news. So yeah, in your home, I would

876
00:46:50.599 --> 00:46:53.400
<v Speaker 2>go around and make sure that you have sealed up

877
00:46:53.440 --> 00:46:56.639
<v Speaker 2>every single entrance point. Where are those ants coming in?

878
00:46:56.920 --> 00:46:58.639
<v Speaker 2>Where are those corproaches coming in?

879
00:46:59.199 --> 00:47:00.880
<v Speaker 1>I have a Do you have any bugs that you're

880
00:47:00.920 --> 00:47:01.400
<v Speaker 1>afraid of?

881
00:47:01.639 --> 00:47:01.719
<v Speaker 2>Like?

882
00:47:01.760 --> 00:47:03.719
<v Speaker 1>Are there? Like for me? I love bugs. I'm wearing

883
00:47:03.719 --> 00:47:05.920
<v Speaker 1>a shirt this is bugs on it that was made

884
00:47:05.960 --> 00:47:08.519
<v Speaker 1>for me. But like a cockroach is no friend of

885
00:47:08.559 --> 00:47:10.840
<v Speaker 1>mine and I and I can't really explain it, like

886
00:47:10.880 --> 00:47:14.679
<v Speaker 1>if I see a cockroach in my house or especially inside,

887
00:47:15.079 --> 00:47:17.519
<v Speaker 1>I get terrified. But I can hold up like a

888
00:47:17.559 --> 00:47:19.400
<v Speaker 1>spider on my face and not care.

889
00:47:19.400 --> 00:47:21.199
<v Speaker 2>Like what you wouldn't hold a cockroach.

890
00:47:21.840 --> 00:47:23.159
<v Speaker 1>I could hold a cockroach.

891
00:47:24.840 --> 00:47:28.519
<v Speaker 2>Sorry, I'm just laughing because I've licked a cockroach in

892
00:47:28.519 --> 00:47:31.039
<v Speaker 2>front of children before to show me it's not dirty.

893
00:47:33.320 --> 00:47:36.199
<v Speaker 2>I was like, you know how people think cockroaches are dirty? Kids?

894
00:47:36.400 --> 00:47:39.000
<v Speaker 2>This was literally in a museum program many a number

895
00:47:39.039 --> 00:47:43.079
<v Speaker 2>of years ago. Cockroach is on dirty. This cockroach lives

896
00:47:43.239 --> 00:47:48.760
<v Speaker 2>in the jungle and from Madagasca, and and I was like,

897
00:47:48.800 --> 00:47:51.159
<v Speaker 2>they're not dirty. And I literally licked it in front

898
00:47:51.159 --> 00:47:53.760
<v Speaker 2>of children, had that go over. They thought it was amazing.

899
00:47:53.760 --> 00:47:56.239
<v Speaker 2>They thought it was the coolest person that ever existed

900
00:47:57.239 --> 00:48:00.000
<v Speaker 2>until they went home. Yeah, I don't know.

901
00:48:00.360 --> 00:48:02.519
<v Speaker 1>I know that they're really fastidious, right, They're really like

902
00:48:02.599 --> 00:48:04.079
<v Speaker 1>they're in depth groomers.

903
00:48:04.920 --> 00:48:09.360
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, they having particles on their body isn't necessarily something

904
00:48:09.360 --> 00:48:13.480
<v Speaker 2>that's gonna feel great to them. So, yeah, I've see cockroach.

905
00:48:13.800 --> 00:48:18.199
<v Speaker 2>Are cockroaches like really going to town clean room? Right? Yeah?

906
00:48:18.239 --> 00:48:20.719
<v Speaker 2>And I mean they live the so the madagas and

907
00:48:20.760 --> 00:48:24.039
<v Speaker 2>cockroaches we have at the museum, they live in these

908
00:48:24.039 --> 00:48:26.760
<v Speaker 2>amazing little habitats that we create for them, and we

909
00:48:26.800 --> 00:48:30.679
<v Speaker 2>feed them all these little vegetables and sweet potato and

910
00:48:31.360 --> 00:48:33.280
<v Speaker 2>a little bits of mushroom and corn and all of

911
00:48:33.320 --> 00:48:34.000
<v Speaker 2>this other stuff.

912
00:48:34.880 --> 00:48:37.360
<v Speaker 1>And honestly, they eat better than they live better lives

913
00:48:37.360 --> 00:48:40.840
<v Speaker 1>than I do. Like, let's talk about debunking some flint flam.

914
00:48:40.960 --> 00:48:45.760
<v Speaker 1>Is there any myth about insects or entomology in general

915
00:48:45.880 --> 00:48:48.000
<v Speaker 1>that you just you wish that you could debunk?

916
00:48:50.079 --> 00:48:51.400
<v Speaker 2>Oh, myths, myths.

917
00:48:53.599 --> 00:48:57.159
<v Speaker 1>All spiders are venomous. People do say poisonous spiders, but

918
00:48:57.199 --> 00:48:58.440
<v Speaker 1>really it's venomous right.

919
00:48:58.679 --> 00:49:01.800
<v Speaker 2>Well, yeah, so okay, the whole poison versus venom thing.

920
00:49:02.800 --> 00:49:07.599
<v Speaker 2>We like to debunk that as a as a thing. So, yeah,

921
00:49:07.639 --> 00:49:11.639
<v Speaker 2>poison is something you ingest versus venom is something where

922
00:49:11.639 --> 00:49:16.880
<v Speaker 2>you are like getting injected or venomated by a spider.

923
00:49:17.320 --> 00:49:20.440
<v Speaker 2>So yeah, you could literally eat a black widowed spider,

924
00:49:21.159 --> 00:49:24.760
<v Speaker 2>and because it's going through your digestive system and the

925
00:49:24.840 --> 00:49:28.239
<v Speaker 2>digestive juices or breaking down the proteins that are in

926
00:49:28.280 --> 00:49:30.320
<v Speaker 2>the venom, it's not gonna affect you the same way

927
00:49:30.320 --> 00:49:32.000
<v Speaker 2>as if it's going into your blood. So there's a

928
00:49:32.039 --> 00:49:33.400
<v Speaker 2>whole different root of action.

929
00:49:33.840 --> 00:49:36.159
<v Speaker 1>So if you eat something and it kills you, it's poisonous.

930
00:49:36.199 --> 00:49:39.920
<v Speaker 1>If it's something stings you or bite you, it's venomous exactly.

931
00:49:40.000 --> 00:49:43.239
<v Speaker 2>And things that have venom that you would eat sometimes

932
00:49:43.280 --> 00:49:47.519
<v Speaker 2>may not affect you at all. And other creatures can

933
00:49:47.840 --> 00:49:52.239
<v Speaker 2>can also be be stung or bitten by something that's

934
00:49:52.320 --> 00:49:54.320
<v Speaker 2>venomous and it not affect them the same way as

935
00:49:54.320 --> 00:49:59.239
<v Speaker 2>it affects humans. Oh okay, yeah, so I from what

936
00:49:59.280 --> 00:50:03.360
<v Speaker 2>I remember, dogs really black widow bites not a big deal.

937
00:50:03.280 --> 00:50:06.440
<v Speaker 1>Really, but they can't eat chocolate. Get it together, dogs,

938
00:50:07.239 --> 00:50:09.800
<v Speaker 1>think up your mind? Should we be eating bugs?

939
00:50:10.639 --> 00:50:13.920
<v Speaker 2>Oh and some maphagi? Yeah, that's what eating bugs? Is

940
00:50:14.440 --> 00:50:17.320
<v Speaker 2>I love eating bugs? I know I've invited you to

941
00:50:17.360 --> 00:50:20.400
<v Speaker 2>the museum and you've eaten bugs there with me, and

942
00:50:20.440 --> 00:50:24.159
<v Speaker 2>then you are an official judge of the thirtieth Annual

943
00:50:24.159 --> 00:50:25.400
<v Speaker 2>Bug Fair this last year.

944
00:50:25.559 --> 00:50:30.840
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I ate a tarantula. I felt bad because tarantula

945
00:50:30.880 --> 00:50:32.960
<v Speaker 1>is like it takes a while for them to get

946
00:50:33.000 --> 00:50:34.840
<v Speaker 1>to that size, So I felt bad about that. But

947
00:50:34.880 --> 00:50:39.039
<v Speaker 1>I ate crickets and some mealworms I think, with.

948
00:50:39.159 --> 00:50:41.440
<v Speaker 2>A grasshoppers too. And then I think you also ate

949
00:50:41.519 --> 00:50:42.199
<v Speaker 2>a toe biter.

950
00:50:42.679 --> 00:50:45.360
<v Speaker 1>I ate a toe biter, and I'm just a toe

951
00:50:45.360 --> 00:50:47.519
<v Speaker 1>biter is like a really big water bug, right, Yes?

952
00:50:47.639 --> 00:50:50.920
<v Speaker 2>And then also I think you ate some odnate or dirves,

953
00:50:50.960 --> 00:50:53.639
<v Speaker 2>so some dragonfly temper about dragonflies.

954
00:50:54.159 --> 00:50:55.719
<v Speaker 1>Yes, this is all coming back to me kind of

955
00:50:55.760 --> 00:50:58.000
<v Speaker 1>like a bad dream. You know what's weirder to me though,

956
00:50:58.000 --> 00:51:01.440
<v Speaker 1>really quick on the topic of eating before we wrap up,

957
00:51:01.519 --> 00:51:04.400
<v Speaker 1>is its honey's weirder to eat because it's bee Vomit

958
00:51:04.719 --> 00:51:06.679
<v Speaker 1>isn't that weirder to eat than the actual cricket? Are

959
00:51:06.679 --> 00:51:07.519
<v Speaker 1>they actual bee?

960
00:51:07.840 --> 00:51:11.719
<v Speaker 2>Right? So well, this is the whole vegan thing, where

961
00:51:11.760 --> 00:51:15.159
<v Speaker 2>like we're not gonna eat honey because we're subjugating bees,

962
00:51:15.679 --> 00:51:19.159
<v Speaker 2>and with commercial hives because there's a whole bunch of

963
00:51:19.159 --> 00:51:23.639
<v Speaker 2>shit there too. Hives are taken out of hibernation early

964
00:51:23.840 --> 00:51:27.599
<v Speaker 2>or are like put into hibernation early, trucked across the

965
00:51:27.639 --> 00:51:31.719
<v Speaker 2>country on flatbeds, fed corn syrup, all this stuff. So

966
00:51:31.760 --> 00:51:33.639
<v Speaker 2>like there's a whole bunch of research that people can

967
00:51:33.679 --> 00:51:37.679
<v Speaker 2>do in that. I think that there's so many feral

968
00:51:38.119 --> 00:51:41.039
<v Speaker 2>colonies of bees, and then there's beekeepers who are collecting

969
00:51:41.039 --> 00:51:43.760
<v Speaker 2>those feral colonies and then keeping them in their own

970
00:51:43.760 --> 00:51:47.760
<v Speaker 2>backyard and taking some honey and trying to be responsible

971
00:51:47.760 --> 00:51:51.599
<v Speaker 2>beekeepers and not taking too much and leaving enough for

972
00:51:51.679 --> 00:51:54.559
<v Speaker 2>the bees to be able to sustain themselves over a winter.

973
00:51:55.079 --> 00:51:56.719
<v Speaker 1>But we're going to be eating bugs in the future

974
00:51:56.719 --> 00:51:59.360
<v Speaker 1>because they're easier to farm, right, So, well, there's a lot.

975
00:51:59.280 --> 00:52:03.400
<v Speaker 2>Of great protein. There's a lot of great vitamins and

976
00:52:03.440 --> 00:52:10.480
<v Speaker 2>minerals ands and vitamins and minerals in bugs. And meat

977
00:52:10.519 --> 00:52:14.480
<v Speaker 2>production is hard on the planet, you know. I think

978
00:52:14.480 --> 00:52:17.679
<v Speaker 2>this is gonna have to be some like reduction of meat. Again.

979
00:52:17.719 --> 00:52:20.239
<v Speaker 2>My parents were Harry Christnas, so I grew up vegetarian.

980
00:52:20.480 --> 00:52:22.039
<v Speaker 2>I eat a little bit of meat now and then,

981
00:52:22.119 --> 00:52:24.360
<v Speaker 2>oh god, hope my Dad doesn't hear this, You'll be like,

982
00:52:24.480 --> 00:52:31.480
<v Speaker 2>I did not know that, sorry Dad. So yeah, I

983
00:52:31.960 --> 00:52:35.800
<v Speaker 2>definitely eat bugs. I am more than happy to eat. Uh.

984
00:52:37.400 --> 00:52:40.960
<v Speaker 2>You know, protein bars and other things that have insect

985
00:52:41.000 --> 00:52:42.639
<v Speaker 2>flour in it, like cricket.

986
00:52:42.760 --> 00:52:43.880
<v Speaker 1>Cricket flour is a thing.

987
00:52:43.920 --> 00:52:47.599
<v Speaker 2>Cricket flour is a thing. And you know, again, you

988
00:52:47.639 --> 00:52:50.719
<v Speaker 2>can have use up so much less space than you

989
00:52:50.760 --> 00:52:54.559
<v Speaker 2>would need to obviously raise a cow, right, So get

990
00:52:54.679 --> 00:52:55.159
<v Speaker 2>used to it.

991
00:52:55.400 --> 00:52:58.599
<v Speaker 1>World. So do you have any closing advice, like if

992
00:52:58.599 --> 00:53:02.280
<v Speaker 1>someone wants to be common entomologist, if someone's interested in

993
00:53:02.280 --> 00:53:04.000
<v Speaker 1>the field, Like what advice would you give to a

994
00:53:04.000 --> 00:53:08.119
<v Speaker 1>future entomologist, Like find your niche like study this study

995
00:53:08.199 --> 00:53:10.280
<v Speaker 1>the unglamorous flies no one cares about.

996
00:53:10.519 --> 00:53:12.559
<v Speaker 2>Uh. Well, first of all, there's just not that many

997
00:53:12.719 --> 00:53:15.760
<v Speaker 2>entomologists in the world. There's just not that many out

998
00:53:15.760 --> 00:53:18.559
<v Speaker 2>there who have the entomology focused in background. And I've

999
00:53:18.639 --> 00:53:21.400
<v Speaker 2>literally worked at so many different places and I'm the

1000
00:53:21.440 --> 00:53:25.920
<v Speaker 2>only entomology expert there, and at the museum there's a

1001
00:53:25.960 --> 00:53:28.800
<v Speaker 2>bunch of other entomology experts, which is awesome because I

1002
00:53:28.800 --> 00:53:31.079
<v Speaker 2>get to hang out with all these bug geeks. But yes,

1003
00:53:31.119 --> 00:53:33.000
<v Speaker 2>if you are going to be an entomologist and be

1004
00:53:33.000 --> 00:53:36.639
<v Speaker 2>a research scientist. Focus in on something that is a

1005
00:53:36.679 --> 00:53:37.719
<v Speaker 2>little bit less studied.

1006
00:53:38.400 --> 00:53:40.559
<v Speaker 1>I hope one day there's there's some kind of insect

1007
00:53:40.639 --> 00:53:43.559
<v Speaker 1>named after you, Leila, because I feel like you deserve it.

1008
00:53:43.880 --> 00:53:45.760
<v Speaker 1>I feel like you deserve it. Thank you for talking

1009
00:53:45.800 --> 00:53:48.400
<v Speaker 1>bugs with it. So what did we learn? Pick weird

1010
00:53:48.400 --> 00:53:52.440
<v Speaker 1>bugs to study, don't inhale them, and never ever ever

1011
00:53:52.599 --> 00:53:56.360
<v Speaker 1>feel alone. Also, volunteer somewhere you love if you're bummed out,

1012
00:53:56.599 --> 00:54:00.360
<v Speaker 1>and google Leela Higgins and follow her on social media.

1013
00:54:01.039 --> 00:54:03.239
<v Speaker 1>She just did it to head x talk that came

1014
00:54:03.280 --> 00:54:06.480
<v Speaker 1>out a week ago. She killed it. So if you

1015
00:54:06.519 --> 00:54:09.679
<v Speaker 1>have eighteen minutes, look that up. Learning to love nature

1016
00:54:09.679 --> 00:54:10.199
<v Speaker 1>in a big city.

1017
00:54:10.360 --> 00:54:10.840
<v Speaker 2>So good.

1018
00:54:12.159 --> 00:54:16.280
<v Speaker 1>Ologies is on Instagram and Twitter at just ologies now

1019
00:54:16.719 --> 00:54:20.519
<v Speaker 1>thanks to the wonderful Sarah Hamilton. Now she had been

1020
00:54:20.559 --> 00:54:23.440
<v Speaker 1>sitting on the ologies handle on Twitter, so I had

1021
00:54:23.480 --> 00:54:27.559
<v Speaker 1>to go as ologies pod. She recently contacted me voluntarily

1022
00:54:27.679 --> 00:54:30.960
<v Speaker 1>turned it over to me in an exchange that was thrilling.

1023
00:54:31.320 --> 00:54:34.400
<v Speaker 1>So now my Instagram match is Twitter Now, I'm just

1024
00:54:34.599 --> 00:54:38.360
<v Speaker 1>at ologies on Twitter and Instagram. If you're already following me,

1025
00:54:38.639 --> 00:54:42.480
<v Speaker 1>you're still following me, don't worry. Just handle change very exciting. Also,

1026
00:54:42.559 --> 00:54:45.519
<v Speaker 1>it turns out Sarah Hamilton is a really, really, really

1027
00:54:45.599 --> 00:54:48.440
<v Speaker 1>good graphic designer. She lives in Saint Louis, So google

1028
00:54:48.559 --> 00:54:53.440
<v Speaker 1>Sarah with an H. Hamilton and dribble dribb Elie and

1029
00:54:53.719 --> 00:54:57.599
<v Speaker 1>you'll find her design page. She's like really good. She's

1030
00:54:57.639 --> 00:55:01.519
<v Speaker 1>also an American hero. Thanks for the handle, Sarah, and

1031
00:55:01.559 --> 00:55:05.320
<v Speaker 1>thank you to everyone supporting the podcast on Patreon and

1032
00:55:05.400 --> 00:55:07.239
<v Speaker 1>all the cool folks who love to gab about the

1033
00:55:07.280 --> 00:55:12.159
<v Speaker 1>episodes and science weird stuff in the Ologies podcast Facebook group.

1034
00:55:12.800 --> 00:55:14.480
<v Speaker 1>Tons of non assholes in there.

1035
00:55:14.519 --> 00:55:15.239
<v Speaker 2>I love them.

1036
00:55:15.400 --> 00:55:18.239
<v Speaker 1>They're good people. It's really great. And if you want

1037
00:55:18.239 --> 00:55:21.960
<v Speaker 1>shirts or mugs or merch, head two ologiesmirch dot com.

1038
00:55:22.239 --> 00:55:26.119
<v Speaker 1>Plenty of really cool stuff there, including holiday leggings and

1039
00:55:27.159 --> 00:55:31.679
<v Speaker 1>wintry cool stuff, tons of pins and hats and shirts,

1040
00:55:31.800 --> 00:55:34.039
<v Speaker 1>get up in it. Thank you to Shannon Feltus and

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<v Speaker 1>Bonnie Dutch for helping me so much with merch, Hannah

1042
00:55:37.000 --> 00:55:40.679
<v Speaker 1>Lippo and Aaron Talbot for running the Facebook group. That

1043
00:55:40.840 --> 00:55:44.079
<v Speaker 1>was production helped by Jason Scartamaliat and the theme song

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00:55:44.199 --> 00:55:47.760
<v Speaker 1>was written and performed by Nick Thorburn, who is of

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00:55:47.800 --> 00:55:50.880
<v Speaker 1>the band Islands, so check out his music too. And

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00:55:50.920 --> 00:55:53.920
<v Speaker 1>stay tuned for next week's episode with another smart person

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00:55:54.159 --> 00:55:57.960
<v Speaker 1>who I will barrage with sometimes dumb questions because that's

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00:55:58.960 --> 00:56:08.239
<v Speaker 1>that's how I'd do it. Okay, Bye, Pacodermatology, hobiology or

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<v Speaker 1>do zoology, lithology, zoology, meteorology and pertology, ethnology, seriology, celinology,