WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.400 --> 00:00:02.399 Drivers know what trouble sounds like. 2 00:00:02.879 --> 00:00:10.199 No, no, okay forward, oh no. 3 00:00:09.359 --> 00:00:13.880 Oh please no, that's why they get covered from Ireland's 4 00:00:13.919 --> 00:00:16.920 soundest car insurance provider, Supervalue Insurance. 5 00:00:17.199 --> 00:00:19.519 Thanks for calling us fin and don't beat yourself up 6 00:00:19.519 --> 00:00:19.960 about it. 7 00:00:20.160 --> 00:00:22.960 Sure, I'm driving ten years and parallel parking still battle, 8 00:00:23.000 --> 00:00:23.280 isn't me? 9 00:00:24.160 --> 00:00:26.760 Get a code from Supervalue Car Insurance to get ten 10 00:00:26.800 --> 00:00:28.480 percent off online. 11 00:00:28.039 --> 00:00:30.640 And we'll even throw in forty euroin vouchers. Teas and 12 00:00:30.679 --> 00:00:33.520 c supply vouchers include two twenty euro or forty eurospend. 13 00:00:33.640 --> 00:00:35.960 This car insurance is underwritten by AX Insurance, Deck, Super 14 00:00:36.039 --> 00:00:38.840 Value Financial Services Stack Trading and Supervalue Insurance is regulated 15 00:00:38.840 --> 00:00:39.920 by the Central Bank of Ireland. 16 00:00:40.600 --> 00:00:44.079 Oh hey, it's your all, pop dad, flip and pancakes 17 00:00:44.119 --> 00:00:46.439 in a flannel robe. It's Alley Ward. We're back with 18 00:00:46.479 --> 00:00:50.280 another episode of Smologies. What is Smologies? I'm so glad 19 00:00:50.280 --> 00:00:53.240 that you asked. So we took full Ologies episodes and 20 00:00:53.240 --> 00:00:55.399 then we sliced and diced them up to make these 21 00:00:55.479 --> 00:00:59.920 byte sized, classroom friendly edits of our deep dive class. 22 00:01:00.320 --> 00:01:02.479 So we're about to fill your plates with a bunch 23 00:01:02.520 --> 00:01:05.480 of food facts this episode. But first let's feast on 24 00:01:05.519 --> 00:01:09.120 this my thank yous. Thank you to everyone supporting on Patreon. 25 00:01:09.280 --> 00:01:11.159 As little as twenty five cents an episode gets you 26 00:01:11.200 --> 00:01:14.040 into that club and then you can submit questions for Theologists. 27 00:01:14.359 --> 00:01:17.799 Thank you to everyone who clothes your bodies and ologiesmerch 28 00:01:17.879 --> 00:01:21.280 dot com items, and thank you for rating and subscribing 29 00:01:21.599 --> 00:01:24.159 that keeps this podcast up in the charts. So if 30 00:01:24.200 --> 00:01:26.280 you leave a review, I read it. I'm a creep 31 00:01:26.359 --> 00:01:28.760 like that. And this week, thank you to Heather Albrick, 32 00:01:29.040 --> 00:01:30.959 who left a review that said that they had a 33 00:01:31.000 --> 00:01:34.079 moment of deep relief and gratitude when their baby quote 34 00:01:34.079 --> 00:01:38.159 in the throes of a fantastic lunchtime tantrum stopped crying 35 00:01:38.319 --> 00:01:41.400 and smiled as the ologies theme song came on, and 36 00:01:41.439 --> 00:01:43.879 I hope they like the Smology's theme song and learning 37 00:01:43.920 --> 00:01:46.840 about oysters and squash. Heather, thank you for that. Okay, 38 00:01:46.920 --> 00:01:50.400 let's go so food anthropology it's the study of how 39 00:01:50.480 --> 00:01:54.480 we eat. And this week's guest is a food historian, Sorts. 40 00:01:54.519 --> 00:01:56.840 I met her over a decade ago while we were 41 00:01:56.840 --> 00:01:59.000 both staff writers at the La Times and she covered 42 00:01:59.040 --> 00:02:02.439 food and she moved up the ranks to be the 43 00:02:02.599 --> 00:02:06.920 LA Weekly Food editor and the Kcet food editor, before 44 00:02:06.920 --> 00:02:09.960 she jumped into the podcast realm with this truly amazing 45 00:02:10.280 --> 00:02:13.520 food history podcast called Smartmouth, where she invites a guest 46 00:02:13.520 --> 00:02:15.520 to talk about the history of their favorite foods. She's 47 00:02:15.520 --> 00:02:18.639 also written for Gawker Media and Serious Eats and Taste 48 00:02:18.680 --> 00:02:22.919 Made and just launched how to eatla dot com and 49 00:02:22.960 --> 00:02:25.319 for anyone who lives in La and has a mouth, 50 00:02:25.719 --> 00:02:27.400 that is a great site. We'll link that in the 51 00:02:27.400 --> 00:02:31.039 show notes. It's awesome. But pop that top button in 52 00:02:31.080 --> 00:02:33.759 your trousers and tuck a napkin into your collar and 53 00:02:33.800 --> 00:02:37.759 get ready for a buffet of information with Smartmouth podcast 54 00:02:37.800 --> 00:02:41.360 host editor of how to eatla dot com and food 55 00:02:41.400 --> 00:02:50.360 anthropologist Catherine Spires. 56 00:02:52.639 --> 00:03:04.639 Hours Soology launches. Now let's talk about feasts. Yes, let's 57 00:03:04.680 --> 00:03:05.919 talk about winter feasts. 58 00:03:06.000 --> 00:03:09.520 Yes, why do you think from an anthropological point of view, 59 00:03:10.080 --> 00:03:14.479 we just want to honker down and just get a 60 00:03:14.479 --> 00:03:20.680 little roly poly and have insulin comas in the winter because. 61 00:03:20.400 --> 00:03:23.960 We need the warmth from the calories. And also it's 62 00:03:24.120 --> 00:03:25.759 boring because it's dark out. 63 00:03:26.039 --> 00:03:29.960 Okay, I'm bored. Let's eat. 64 00:03:30.199 --> 00:03:32.120 Yeah, exactly like you want to eat, and also you 65 00:03:32.120 --> 00:03:35.439 don't mind sleeping more. We are bears essentially, like we 66 00:03:35.520 --> 00:03:38.800 follow the bear lifestyle. I mean in the wild, our 67 00:03:39.560 --> 00:03:41.960 lipid stores are our bank accounts. 68 00:03:42.159 --> 00:03:45.879 Yes. I feel like when you see when you see 69 00:03:45.879 --> 00:03:50.439 a Badonka donk bear, that bear is wealthy with fats. Yes, 70 00:03:50.520 --> 00:03:53.080 you know which I suppose in the winter we do 71 00:03:53.159 --> 00:03:56.159 need that, do you When it comes to feasting in 72 00:03:56.159 --> 00:04:00.000 the winter, what was it like historically in any part 73 00:04:00.120 --> 00:04:02.360 of the world. You can think of like did we 74 00:04:03.039 --> 00:04:04.599 eat things we'd put in the root cellar in the 75 00:04:04.599 --> 00:04:06.599 summer or did we just find what was available? Where's 76 00:04:06.599 --> 00:04:07.360 the food coming from? 77 00:04:07.439 --> 00:04:10.639 So your point about lipids being wealth actually applies to 78 00:04:10.680 --> 00:04:13.919 humanity to like, if you're having a feast in the winter, 79 00:04:13.960 --> 00:04:17.759 that means you can afford sugar and salt, you are 80 00:04:18.399 --> 00:04:22.519 out of control wealthy, right, Yeah, So a lot of it. 81 00:04:22.560 --> 00:04:27.199 There's different kinds of feasting. And we like to think 82 00:04:27.240 --> 00:04:30.040 of feasting as being like celebrations and like we're all 83 00:04:30.040 --> 00:04:31.920 in this together and we're all celebrating and we're all 84 00:04:31.920 --> 00:04:34.800 having a good time. But humans, being what they are historically, 85 00:04:34.879 --> 00:04:37.639 a lot of feasts are an opportunity to show off, basically, 86 00:04:37.720 --> 00:04:40.759 to stunt on your neighbors. No, and part of It 87 00:04:40.800 --> 00:04:42.879 could be as simple, depending on like the era that 88 00:04:42.920 --> 00:04:44.480 you're in in the place that you live. Sometimes it 89 00:04:44.519 --> 00:04:47.319 is as simple as being like, oh, I'm sorry you 90 00:04:47.360 --> 00:04:49.759 hadn't seen this fruit in six months. Yeah, I've got 91 00:04:49.839 --> 00:04:53.000 it whatever, Oh my god, Yeah it's preserved, but I've 92 00:04:53.000 --> 00:04:55.560 still got it and you don't. Because it means like that, again, 93 00:04:55.600 --> 00:04:57.920 you have the ingredients to do it. You have the 94 00:04:58.079 --> 00:05:01.600 time when you're not out trying to do subsistence farming 95 00:05:01.759 --> 00:05:04.399 to like preserve things for later. You have time to 96 00:05:04.439 --> 00:05:07.079 plan ahead. Being able to plan ahead is also another 97 00:05:07.160 --> 00:05:08.680 rich person thing still to this day. 98 00:05:08.800 --> 00:05:12.240 So did peasants not have winter feasts? Let them eat 99 00:05:12.319 --> 00:05:13.560 cake harder. 100 00:05:13.279 --> 00:05:17.040 Too, And that's so that's part of the mixture of 101 00:05:17.079 --> 00:05:19.800 like celebration and stunting on people, is that lots of times, 102 00:05:19.839 --> 00:05:23.319 like the lord of the manor would throw a feast 103 00:05:23.680 --> 00:05:27.720 for the serfs, and that was partly to be like 104 00:05:27.800 --> 00:05:30.360 thank you, but also to be like, see how great 105 00:05:30.399 --> 00:05:35.480 I am to you, Like, don't deffect to another farm, 106 00:05:35.680 --> 00:05:37.560 because I've got the best feasts in town. 107 00:05:37.839 --> 00:05:40.480 Bribing someone with baked goods. It is a tale as 108 00:05:40.519 --> 00:05:44.199 old as time. But how do we know it's interesting 109 00:05:44.399 --> 00:05:46.879 that the oldest evidence of feasts that we have actually 110 00:05:46.920 --> 00:05:51.959 comes from art rather than archaeology. Oh, because I guess 111 00:05:52.040 --> 00:05:55.079 it's not like chicken bones in a casseal dish wouldn't preserve. 112 00:05:55.160 --> 00:05:57.040 I guess, yeah, yeah, that could well be. 113 00:05:57.120 --> 00:05:57.279 It. 114 00:05:57.560 --> 00:06:00.600 Feasts often comes from offerings to the go as well. 115 00:06:00.600 --> 00:06:03.120 It's like a party but also an offering. So they 116 00:06:03.160 --> 00:06:07.560 have like basically like pottery shards from like ancient China 117 00:06:07.600 --> 00:06:09.480 and Sumerio, which is Iraq. 118 00:06:09.720 --> 00:06:10.040 Okay. 119 00:06:10.079 --> 00:06:14.759 So when what's the history of American holiday season feasting? 120 00:06:15.079 --> 00:06:18.959 So where do you even start with this one? Oh? 121 00:06:19.399 --> 00:06:22.040 First, prefacing by the fact that we are talking about 122 00:06:22.079 --> 00:06:25.879 like Northwestern European traditions coming over to America and starting 123 00:06:25.879 --> 00:06:28.360 in New England and spreading out from there, that's probably 124 00:06:28.360 --> 00:06:31.120 a lot to unpack. It is a lot to unpack, 125 00:06:31.240 --> 00:06:34.000 and I wanted to do a little digging here. One publication, 126 00:06:34.279 --> 00:06:37.800 Indian Country Today, had a great article and interview from 127 00:06:37.800 --> 00:06:41.519 a few years back with Ramona Peters. She's the Mashpee 128 00:06:41.600 --> 00:06:46.399 Wampanog tribe's tribal Historic Preservation Officer. Now, she said, in 129 00:06:46.480 --> 00:06:51.079 regard to the famed sixteen twenty one inaugural Thanksgiving feast, 130 00:06:51.360 --> 00:06:52.399 she said the following thing. 131 00:06:52.600 --> 00:06:55.079 It was made up. It was Abraham Lincoln who used 132 00:06:55.079 --> 00:06:58.199 the theme of pilgrims and Indians eating happily together because 133 00:06:58.199 --> 00:07:00.519 he was trying to calm things down during the Civil 134 00:07:00.600 --> 00:07:03.800 War when people were divided. It was like a nice 135 00:07:03.920 --> 00:07:07.160 unity story for public relations. She said. It's kind of 136 00:07:07.160 --> 00:07:08.959 genius in a way to get people to sit down 137 00:07:09.000 --> 00:07:11.720 and eat dinner together because families were divided during the 138 00:07:11.720 --> 00:07:15.399 Civil War. Ramona Peters was asked if she'll celebrate Thanksgiving anyway, 139 00:07:15.439 --> 00:07:18.720 and she said as a concept, a heartfelt Thanksgiving is 140 00:07:18.800 --> 00:07:21.079 very important to me as a person. It's important that 141 00:07:21.120 --> 00:07:23.879 we give thanks for me. It's a state of being. 142 00:07:24.360 --> 00:07:27.399 So that was a great article in Indian Country Today, 143 00:07:27.439 --> 00:07:31.879 and there are other wonderful first person experiences at Smithsonianamerican 144 00:07:31.959 --> 00:07:35.120 Indian Dot SI dot edu has some great articles as well. 145 00:07:35.199 --> 00:07:38.160 But getting back to the food history, so much meat, 146 00:07:38.519 --> 00:07:40.959 basically any kind of meat you could get, which was turkey, 147 00:07:40.959 --> 00:07:43.040 wild turkeys, which don't look like the turkeys that we 148 00:07:43.079 --> 00:07:44.759 eat now, but it is the same animal. And then 149 00:07:44.879 --> 00:07:48.720 venison and seafood, which actually, even to this day, seafood 150 00:07:48.800 --> 00:07:51.199 is a bigger part of the new England Thanksgiving menu 151 00:07:51.240 --> 00:07:55.000 than it is anywhere else in the country. Yeah, oysters 152 00:07:55.040 --> 00:07:56.879 and muscles are a big part of it, so you're 153 00:07:56.920 --> 00:08:03.399 saying the first Thanksgivings more meat, dear turkeys, oysters, mussels and. 154 00:08:03.360 --> 00:08:05.920 All the other poul trees. They could find everyone's they 155 00:08:05.920 --> 00:08:07.639 could find and shoot before they flew away. 156 00:08:07.680 --> 00:08:10.560 They were like, yes, let's do some of this and 157 00:08:11.639 --> 00:08:14.319 what I think you can like sort of see how 158 00:08:14.399 --> 00:08:17.800 things change for people, and like the changing Thanksgiving menu 159 00:08:17.920 --> 00:08:20.959 because for one thing, again, they didn't have a lot 160 00:08:21.000 --> 00:08:24.680 of herbs and spices back then because those were wildly expensive. 161 00:08:24.720 --> 00:08:27.160 They hadn't figured out how to use the new ones. 162 00:08:27.240 --> 00:08:29.120 They hadn't like figured out how to grow the ones 163 00:08:29.120 --> 00:08:33.360 they brought from Europe. Roasted flesh just tastes good on 164 00:08:33.399 --> 00:08:35.399 its own. You don't have to do a lot with it, 165 00:08:35.440 --> 00:08:37.840 the way that you do have to do with side dishes. 166 00:08:38.320 --> 00:08:40.279 They need a lot of different ingredients. And again it's 167 00:08:40.279 --> 00:08:44.440 survival food. They had an abundance of meat, which is rare, 168 00:08:44.799 --> 00:08:45.759 but they weren't. 169 00:08:45.480 --> 00:08:49.000 Like coming up with new recipes, right. 170 00:08:48.879 --> 00:08:52.759 They were like, it's not alive, it's not wiggling, let's 171 00:08:52.759 --> 00:08:56.759 eat it. Exactly. The idea of having like flavored food. 172 00:08:57.519 --> 00:09:00.240 I think as Northern Europeans started traveling the globe, like 173 00:09:01.000 --> 00:09:03.360 this tastes good taste? Is that even a word? 174 00:09:03.480 --> 00:09:03.559 What? 175 00:09:05.559 --> 00:09:08.639 And now, when did let's say, like the Thanksgiving feast 176 00:09:08.720 --> 00:09:15.120 become a widespread American phenomenon, And what's changed just in 177 00:09:15.159 --> 00:09:18.799 the last at least decade of us like getting hip 178 00:09:18.799 --> 00:09:20.600 to the fact that it's all apocryphal. 179 00:09:22.240 --> 00:09:23.440 Okay, So. 180 00:09:25.399 --> 00:09:29.159 Thanksgiving for a long time was really only celebrated in 181 00:09:29.200 --> 00:09:34.200 New England. Oh, basically the people whose grandparents were there. 182 00:09:34.320 --> 00:09:38.600 Mm hm, oh my god. It's like woodstock or something. Yeah, exactly. 183 00:09:39.200 --> 00:09:42.360 So I really think it was until around probably like 184 00:09:42.480 --> 00:09:44.200 just after the Civil War that the rest of the 185 00:09:44.200 --> 00:09:48.639 country got into the idea. Okay, And you can still 186 00:09:48.679 --> 00:09:51.200 to this day see regional differences in what people consider 187 00:09:51.399 --> 00:09:53.200 necessary for a Thanksgiving dinner. 188 00:09:53.639 --> 00:09:55.000 Oh my god, Like, is this going to be all 189 00:09:55.000 --> 00:09:56.159 about green bean castrole? 190 00:09:56.480 --> 00:10:00.879 It's largely about green bean castrole. There was a phenomenon 191 00:10:00.919 --> 00:10:04.000 that started around the nine around nineteen hundred and lasted 192 00:10:04.120 --> 00:10:07.039 like probably until the eighties, and that is food companies, 193 00:10:07.559 --> 00:10:11.200 the ones that sell packaged food, processed food, writing their 194 00:10:11.240 --> 00:10:13.799 own recipes in house and sending them out both as 195 00:10:13.840 --> 00:10:16.519 recipe booklets, but also sending them to newspapers to be 196 00:10:16.559 --> 00:10:20.720 published in the newspapers. Oh yeah, and the recipes could 197 00:10:20.720 --> 00:10:23.000 be good, bad, and different, but it was mainly about 198 00:10:23.039 --> 00:10:26.840 selling the products that these companies made. So green bean 199 00:10:26.960 --> 00:10:32.120 casserole was invented by this food scientist who worked for 200 00:10:32.159 --> 00:10:34.519 a food company as a way to use cream of 201 00:10:34.639 --> 00:10:35.320 mushroom soup. 202 00:10:35.799 --> 00:10:41.000 So a big feast meal is made with love and propaganda. Now, 203 00:10:41.039 --> 00:10:43.120 what else is on your holiday table? What are some 204 00:10:43.159 --> 00:10:45.919 other dishes that are pretty regional? Are some people like, 205 00:10:46.120 --> 00:10:50.600 we're a canned smooth cranberry sauce a state and others 206 00:10:50.639 --> 00:10:52.720 are like chunky, and others are like we make it 207 00:10:52.759 --> 00:10:54.399 on stuff that one. 208 00:10:54.279 --> 00:10:59.120 I think isn't regional necessarily. Okay, what is regional is 209 00:10:59.679 --> 00:11:03.080 sweet potato casserole. Okay, that's another southern one. That is 210 00:11:03.120 --> 00:11:07.639 Another company created recipe. It was a marshmallow company. I 211 00:11:07.639 --> 00:11:10.039 think it was called Angelus, and they hired a woman 212 00:11:10.120 --> 00:11:12.679 who like wrote a cooking magazine in like the nineteen 213 00:11:12.679 --> 00:11:16.000 twenties to find out how to convince people to use 214 00:11:16.039 --> 00:11:16.759 marshmallows more. 215 00:11:16.879 --> 00:11:19.000 Oh my god, that was one of her inventions. 216 00:11:19.320 --> 00:11:23.960 Did feasting like this really take off, you said, after 217 00:11:24.000 --> 00:11:26.840 the Civil War, but like after the night, like the 218 00:11:26.879 --> 00:11:29.200 turn of the century, nineteen hundreds, like industrial era, when 219 00:11:29.240 --> 00:11:31.159 did we see an explosion in this kind of eating. 220 00:11:31.360 --> 00:11:36.559 So it wasn't until the nineteen thirties that petitions to 221 00:11:36.600 --> 00:11:39.200 make it a national holiday really picked up. So it 222 00:11:39.320 --> 00:11:42.039 was Franklin Roosevelt who had to make the decision of 223 00:11:42.080 --> 00:11:43.720 which day to place it. 224 00:11:44.440 --> 00:11:48.399 How'd they decide? It was such a huge fight, and 225 00:11:48.559 --> 00:11:49.639 one year there were. 226 00:11:49.519 --> 00:11:53.559 Two Thanksgivings, Yeah, because they couldn't decide. So Roosevelt had 227 00:11:53.639 --> 00:12:00.639 said fourth Thursday in November, and then the Republican Congress together, 228 00:12:01.080 --> 00:12:03.600 Republican majority of Congress got together with like the Business 229 00:12:03.679 --> 00:12:06.120 Leaders Association of America or whatever it was, and they're like, no, 230 00:12:06.159 --> 00:12:08.200 make it the third one, because they wanted people to 231 00:12:08.240 --> 00:12:10.600 be able to shop for Christmas and feel okay about 232 00:12:10.600 --> 00:12:14.399 it for longer. But then Roosevelt's idea eventually went out. 233 00:12:14.440 --> 00:12:16.480 But in the nineteen thirties there was like a lot 234 00:12:16.919 --> 00:12:20.320 of madness around where to place Thanksgiving. 235 00:12:20.759 --> 00:12:23.480 What else has changed over the years, And that's. 236 00:12:23.360 --> 00:12:25.639 The difference too, And like the way that Thanksgiving has 237 00:12:25.679 --> 00:12:27.919 evolved is that it used to be like eating meat 238 00:12:28.039 --> 00:12:31.200 was the fancy thing. But as America became more industrialized 239 00:12:31.200 --> 00:12:35.159 and wealthier, you see the addition of ingredients, like every 240 00:12:35.240 --> 00:12:37.919 dairy product that's something that only rich people can do. 241 00:12:38.720 --> 00:12:39.879 I never thought of it that way. 242 00:12:40.039 --> 00:12:42.480 Yeah, so you move away from meat being the special 243 00:12:42.519 --> 00:12:44.639 dish to like all the things that like take time 244 00:12:44.679 --> 00:12:46.720 and energy or you have to buy that you can't 245 00:12:46.759 --> 00:12:49.039 make yourself at being like the star of the show. 246 00:12:49.240 --> 00:12:52.120 Why when we think of cartoon feasts, do we see 247 00:12:52.679 --> 00:12:54.720 a pig with an apple in its mouth? I think 248 00:12:54.759 --> 00:12:58.240 for maximum upsettingness. Okay, I always wondered what that was. 249 00:12:58.279 --> 00:13:00.039 It was always like, oh, this means we're feasting. You 250 00:13:00.039 --> 00:13:01.000 don't get that thing out of there. 251 00:13:01.039 --> 00:13:03.279 Well, it is that sort of like English thing, which 252 00:13:03.320 --> 00:13:07.440 I think in our heads were like animal presented whole 253 00:13:07.519 --> 00:13:10.240 on the table. And if we're talking about like a 254 00:13:10.279 --> 00:13:13.480 European cultural influence, like that's what we think of for fancy. 255 00:13:13.559 --> 00:13:17.159 But if you think about Asian food, foods that are 256 00:13:17.200 --> 00:13:21.039 served family style obviously lend themselves more to feasting. That's 257 00:13:21.039 --> 00:13:22.559 a good point, which I think might be part of 258 00:13:22.600 --> 00:13:24.679 the reason why so many people who don't celebrate Christmas. 259 00:13:24.679 --> 00:13:27.720 Now do Chinese food, oh, because you still got that 260 00:13:27.799 --> 00:13:28.480 same vibe. 261 00:13:28.480 --> 00:13:32.240 And it's even more communal because everyone's like sharing from 262 00:13:32.279 --> 00:13:34.039 the same dishes, which we tend to do on Thanksgiving, 263 00:13:34.120 --> 00:13:34.559 same idea. 264 00:13:34.679 --> 00:13:36.679 Because the idea of having a lazy Susan and a 265 00:13:36.679 --> 00:13:38.519 bunch of dishes at a round table where you can 266 00:13:38.600 --> 00:13:44.320 see everyone like that lends itself to not only the 267 00:13:44.360 --> 00:13:48.039 eating experience, but also the sharing of plates. Absolutely, and 268 00:13:48.320 --> 00:13:50.799 I feel like in Western culture we don't really have that. 269 00:13:51.480 --> 00:13:55.240 But before we spit ourselves into the questions that you submitted, patrons, 270 00:13:55.320 --> 00:13:57.440 let's take a quick break to raise some money for 271 00:13:57.480 --> 00:14:00.480 a worthy cause. And Catherine just launched that new website, 272 00:14:00.480 --> 00:14:02.759 how to Eat La dot com, and so in her honor, 273 00:14:03.000 --> 00:14:06.320 we're donating to the La Regional Food Bank because one 274 00:14:06.440 --> 00:14:10.480 in five people in Los Angeles County experiences food insecurity 275 00:14:10.639 --> 00:14:13.080 and the food bank has been fighting hunger since nineteen 276 00:14:13.159 --> 00:14:16.320 seventy three. Just twenty five bucks provides the equivalent of 277 00:14:16.399 --> 00:14:20.519 one hundred meals for kids, seniors, and folks who need 278 00:14:20.559 --> 00:14:24.200 something to eat. So learn more at lafoodbank dot org. 279 00:14:24.559 --> 00:14:27.360 And thanks to these sponsors for helping fund that donation. 280 00:14:28.159 --> 00:14:30.159 Drivers know what trouble sounds like. 281 00:14:30.639 --> 00:14:38.000 No, no, okay forward, oh no, no, please. 282 00:14:37.720 --> 00:14:42.120 No, no, that's why they get covered from Ireland's soundest 283 00:14:42.120 --> 00:14:44.679 car insurance provider, Supervalue Insurance. 284 00:14:44.960 --> 00:14:47.120 Thanks for calling us, Bin and don't beat your self 285 00:14:47.159 --> 00:14:47.720 up about it. 286 00:14:47.960 --> 00:14:51.440 Sure, I'm driving ten years and parallel parking still Battlesn't. 287 00:14:50.960 --> 00:14:54.320 Me get a quote from Supervalue Car Insurance to get 288 00:14:54.360 --> 00:14:56.320 ten percent off online. 289 00:14:55.799 --> 00:14:59.279 And we'll even throw in forty euroin vouchers. 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And are 297 00:15:19.120 --> 00:15:20.799 there any feast foods that are just seen all over 298 00:15:20.799 --> 00:15:22.840 the world and no matter what the local culture is. 299 00:15:23.440 --> 00:15:26.320 So it's the issue of abundance which is going to 300 00:15:26.480 --> 00:15:30.080 change based on the flora and fauna of wherever it 301 00:15:30.120 --> 00:15:33.559 is that you are starches traditionally, well, just the plane 302 00:15:33.600 --> 00:15:35.799 searches like plain rice, plain noodles are never going to 303 00:15:35.799 --> 00:15:38.000 be a feast food because those are the easy. 304 00:15:37.759 --> 00:15:38.519 Things to get. 305 00:15:38.879 --> 00:15:41.840 It's when you start being like, I've got this potato, 306 00:15:41.960 --> 00:15:44.679 but I also have two pounds of butter. That's what 307 00:15:44.799 --> 00:15:47.279 makes something a feast food. So it is it's items 308 00:15:47.279 --> 00:15:50.559 that are scarce. So fruit, for instance, is considered very special. 309 00:15:51.039 --> 00:15:54.759 Any dairy product is considered very special. Meat used to 310 00:15:54.759 --> 00:15:58.120 be considered very special, but because of industrialization, it's not 311 00:15:58.320 --> 00:16:02.759 as much anymore. So these things will also change with 312 00:16:03.399 --> 00:16:07.320 just as the culture changes. So do like the considerations 313 00:16:07.320 --> 00:16:08.879 like what is special or fancy? 314 00:16:09.240 --> 00:16:12.000 So it's the rarity. Yeah, I have always the rarity. 315 00:16:12.000 --> 00:16:15.000 We want and we appreciate what we can't usually have. 316 00:16:15.600 --> 00:16:19.759 And what exemplifies that more than social media? And now 317 00:16:19.799 --> 00:16:22.440 Sarah wants to know how has Instagram changed food? Is 318 00:16:22.440 --> 00:16:23.200 it prettier now? 319 00:16:23.519 --> 00:16:23.720 Yes? 320 00:16:24.080 --> 00:16:28.320 Well it is absolutely prettier, and restaurants at the beginning 321 00:16:28.720 --> 00:16:33.320 would pretend like they didn't care. You actually can see it. 322 00:16:34.000 --> 00:16:35.720 I think for me the place where it's more obvious 323 00:16:35.879 --> 00:16:39.759 restaurant design, Like restaurants have bigger windows now and they 324 00:16:39.759 --> 00:16:45.559 have planer tabletops and walls with pops of color, so 325 00:16:45.600 --> 00:16:48.639 they're thinking about what will be a good background. Yeah, 326 00:16:48.679 --> 00:16:52.279 and then you'll also see on the plates and on 327 00:16:52.320 --> 00:16:55.159 more casual places, on the piece of tissue paper that 328 00:16:55.200 --> 00:16:56.960 they put on the plate will now be stamped with 329 00:16:57.039 --> 00:16:59.080 the logo and the name of the restaurant on it. 330 00:16:59.679 --> 00:17:02.399 Name plates. They're just a sign of the times. Oh 331 00:17:02.440 --> 00:17:06.039 and speaking of timing, Nicole Sauce wants to know why 332 00:17:06.079 --> 00:17:11.680 have so many holidays come to revolve around foods and feasts, Thanksgiving, Passoverhonica, Christmas. So, 333 00:17:12.359 --> 00:17:14.759 in a sense, why do the holidays? Is it gathering? 334 00:17:15.000 --> 00:17:19.160 Is it winter? Yeah, it's gathering, it's community, but it's 335 00:17:19.200 --> 00:17:23.240 also we saved up for this, which was a lot 336 00:17:23.279 --> 00:17:26.359 more obvious pre industrialization, where it's like we have one 337 00:17:26.400 --> 00:17:28.759 pig and we're not going to eat it until this holiday. 338 00:17:28.880 --> 00:17:31.559 Marissa Burru wants to know why do some cultures fixate 339 00:17:31.559 --> 00:17:33.880 on food more than others, Like in France, lunches are 340 00:17:33.920 --> 00:17:36.319 two hours long and food is very important, but the 341 00:17:36.440 --> 00:17:38.839 US food breaks are like not even taken seriously. 342 00:17:39.680 --> 00:17:42.359 So I actually think this totally goes back to what 343 00:17:42.400 --> 00:17:44.440 we were talking about earlier about feast days and how 344 00:17:44.480 --> 00:17:45.759 Americans can't. 345 00:17:45.519 --> 00:17:48.519 Just like relax. We are totally. 346 00:17:48.200 --> 00:17:50.599 Calvinistic in our society, even if no one even knows 347 00:17:50.599 --> 00:17:51.680 what that means anymore. 348 00:17:52.079 --> 00:17:53.880 Here, let me read the dictionary for us. 349 00:17:53.920 --> 00:17:59.119 Both Calvinistic marked by strong emphasis on the depravity of humankind. 350 00:17:59.400 --> 00:18:02.880 So in other words, we do not believe in having 351 00:18:02.920 --> 00:18:07.599 a nice time. France is like you only have one life, 352 00:18:07.720 --> 00:18:09.599 enjoy it, eat a lunch. 353 00:18:10.279 --> 00:18:13.839 And Calvinism side note, was the brainchild of a Protestant thinker, 354 00:18:14.079 --> 00:18:17.319 John Calvin, who was a theologian, which is someone who 355 00:18:17.400 --> 00:18:22.039 studies the nature of God or religious beliefs, which reminds me. 356 00:18:22.279 --> 00:18:23.519 Okay, you are a religious dice. 357 00:18:23.720 --> 00:18:26.519 Major Paula Harra wants to know is the Last Supper 358 00:18:26.559 --> 00:18:30.960 considered a historical feast or just theological? Like, assuming it 359 00:18:31.000 --> 00:18:33.559 did actually happen, would they have eaten anything other than 360 00:18:33.559 --> 00:18:34.359 bread and wine? 361 00:18:34.599 --> 00:18:37.119 Oh God, this is actually so funny because I happen 362 00:18:37.200 --> 00:18:41.359 to know that Da Vinci's the Last Supper painted in 363 00:18:41.400 --> 00:18:44.839 the fourteen nineties. It's really muddied now by like years 364 00:18:44.839 --> 00:18:47.640 of existing and also bad restorations. But the food items 365 00:18:47.680 --> 00:18:49.720 depicted on the table and his painting of the Last 366 00:18:49.720 --> 00:18:51.519 Supper are oranges and eels. 367 00:18:52.720 --> 00:18:53.279 Was a boy. 368 00:18:53.839 --> 00:18:56.200 Not sure, but I did dig up that one of 369 00:18:56.240 --> 00:19:00.920 the reasons the meal depicted was pescatarian have been because 370 00:19:01.000 --> 00:19:04.559 da Vinci himself was a vegetarian, because he loved animals 371 00:19:04.599 --> 00:19:09.759 so much. So Leonardo da Vinci the first maybe vegan influencer. 372 00:19:10.279 --> 00:19:14.440 I find this cute and inspiring. Tina Roudio wants to 373 00:19:14.480 --> 00:19:16.240 know who was the first person to deep fry a 374 00:19:16.279 --> 00:19:16.880 whole turkey. 375 00:19:18.119 --> 00:19:19.039 I'm gonna look into it. 376 00:19:19.920 --> 00:19:22.799 I'm pretty sure that Southern so story goes that in 377 00:19:22.839 --> 00:19:26.359 the nineteen thirties a Cajun chef witnessed a deep fried 378 00:19:26.400 --> 00:19:28.559 turkey and was like, yep, that's gonna happen more. 379 00:19:28.680 --> 00:19:31.559 I'm gonna start that. Don't undertake it lightheartedly. 380 00:19:31.599 --> 00:19:33.519 And this is I'm gonna say something, and everyone listening 381 00:19:33.559 --> 00:19:35.319 is gonna be like, yeah, duh. Except for that, people 382 00:19:35.319 --> 00:19:38.640 don't think about it. Don't do it indoors. Oh god, no, 383 00:19:38.920 --> 00:19:41.720 it has to be done outside, and like, have your 384 00:19:41.759 --> 00:19:45.759 fire extinguisher ready. Yeah, things can go very very wrong. 385 00:19:45.759 --> 00:19:48.480 Apparently it's delicious, clearly that's why people keep doing it. 386 00:19:48.519 --> 00:19:50.839 But don't hurt yourself. 387 00:19:50.839 --> 00:19:51.839 It's not worth it. 388 00:19:51.880 --> 00:19:55.039 It's not so play it safe because it might save 389 00:19:55.079 --> 00:19:59.440 your life unless you're a turkey. Actually, speaking of sparing 390 00:19:59.519 --> 00:20:01.880 the bird, Todd McLaren wants to know what are some 391 00:20:01.920 --> 00:20:05.480 popular vegetarian feast main dishes other than the ones that 392 00:20:05.599 --> 00:20:08.480 mimic meats like tofurki. Can we what about like a 393 00:20:08.839 --> 00:20:10.440 like a stuffed portobello or like. 394 00:20:10.400 --> 00:20:14.079 A Yeah, I've heard some vegetarians joke about how mushrooms 395 00:20:14.079 --> 00:20:15.599 are the meat for vegetarians. 396 00:20:15.839 --> 00:20:17.759 Yeah, I think. 397 00:20:17.720 --> 00:20:20.000 Mushrooms are really delicious and you can. I think stuffed 398 00:20:20.000 --> 00:20:22.240 portobello is a really good idea. Lots of times it 399 00:20:22.319 --> 00:20:24.640 just has to do with the seasoning that you put 400 00:20:24.680 --> 00:20:27.240 on tofu or tempe. 401 00:20:28.680 --> 00:20:31.680