Speaker 1: Oh, you know, nothing much.
Speaker 2: It's a it's a coffee at four pm kind of day.
Speaker 1: No, no, no, you know, you know how it be,
Speaker 1: you know how it is? Ye loving that.
Speaker 3: Yeah, they released a new like an Elden Ring spin
Speaker 3: off game that I'm not even going to go into
Speaker 3: all of it, but basically, like you just do runs.
Speaker 3: You do runs in it, and you pick up random weapons,
Speaker 3: you fight some bosses, and you keep doing runs. It's
Speaker 3: kind of like a roguelike. It's kind of like Fortnite
Speaker 3: about a royale type thing, but like it's just so
Speaker 3: fucking addicting. But the problem is that every game you
Speaker 3: play takes like forty minutes, like oh it does you
Speaker 3: have a team of three, you have like this limited area,
Speaker 3: like you have to do all this stuff, and so like,
Speaker 3: you know, it's one of those things where it's like
Speaker 3: you play and you're like, this is so much fun.
Speaker 3: This is so much fun. This is so much fun
Speaker 3: to having so much fun. But like, you know, if
Speaker 3: it's like a eleven or you know, like eleven, yeah, yeah, okay,
Speaker 3: well I'll just do one more and then by the
Speaker 3: time you're done, it's at least twelve to fifteen. If not.
Speaker 3: I mean, you know, it could take a little longer,
Speaker 3: and just like anyway, yeah, I'm tired from being.
Speaker 1: A nerd having too much fun.
Speaker 3: Yeah pretty much?
Speaker 2: You what, like, look, no one understands the plight of
Speaker 2: the nerd, right, Like I'm constantly doing this with like
Speaker 2: one more chapter or just or I just need to
Speaker 2: get to a stopping point. That's my big one.
Speaker 3: Like I'll just my wife loves to My wife will
Speaker 3: be like, hey, can we do this thing that we've
Speaker 3: talked about doing. Let me get to a stopping point,
Speaker 3: and I'll know that that means that I have like
Speaker 3: thirty minutes to kill because like she's just like, let
Speaker 3: me get to the end of this chapter and like
Speaker 3: I'll come back like twenty minutes later. And I'm like, so,
Speaker 3: how many chapters you've read since then? Oh? Like three?
Speaker 2: Like oh okay, yeah, good god good Yeah, Look like
Speaker 2: you know a chapter isn't all sleeping point we all do.
Speaker 3: I mean I literally just said that I do it
Speaker 3: with a stupid video game.
Speaker 2: Yeah it's true, it's and you know the person who
Speaker 2: suffers as me, you know and possibly my charming co host.
Speaker 2: But you know, not if I drink enough coffee.
Speaker 1: It'll be fine.
Speaker 3: It'll be fine. They won't even be able to tell.
Speaker 3: It's not like I'm on uppers or anything. What do
Speaker 3: you guys talk about, Like did you just do coke
Speaker 3: for the first time before? It is no, no, I
Speaker 3: never don't go never No. Uh you wist start a
Speaker 3: band like I think we really do, like a really
Speaker 3: great electronica band. It'd be great. You just like I can't,
Speaker 3: Like I think I've told the story before, I never
Speaker 3: do coke in my life because, uh, this NBA player
Speaker 3: Lynn Bias, he was drafted by the Celtics and uh
Speaker 3: he died. He died from uh he he did coke
Speaker 3: and he had this unknown heart defect. And the story
Speaker 3: was like, oh he did like he did this because
Speaker 3: uh he the first time he ever did coke, like
Speaker 3: it did this to him. And I know it's false.
Speaker 3: I know that that's a like Fabrica, like dore fabric,
Speaker 3: and that he and that he died not because he
Speaker 3: like did coke because but because he has an nownhearted defect.
Speaker 3: But every time I've ever been offered, I like terror,
Speaker 3: like flop sweating terror, like I can't, like, I cannot
Speaker 3: turn my brain off of it. That the first time
Speaker 3: I did, like I already did, I'd be like.
Speaker 1: Oh my god, like Nancy Reagan's got to you.
Speaker 3: But I'll say, you know, no, I'm I'm not immune.
Speaker 3: I am not immune to propaganda. Give me the Garfield thing.
Speaker 2: Yeah, you know, God, no completely, and like I just
Speaker 2: gotta say to you anyway, you're not missing out.
Speaker 1: Coke is a drug for boring people so that they
Speaker 1: can feel like they're interesting. That's that's what it is.
Speaker 3: Like yeah, yeah, you know, to each their own, it's uh,
Speaker 3: you know, it's it's whatever you want to do. But like, man,
Speaker 3: I I just have no uh.
Speaker 1: I mean, it's like endemic to London, like to the
Speaker 1: point that like our poor eels are on coke. Uh
Speaker 1: so like.
Speaker 3: Hey, hey, hey, you want go to Hey hey hey,
Speaker 3: oh here's here's a new one over here. Maybe we
Speaker 3: go over here here. It's nice, but why are we
Speaker 3: all talking to fast all said, I don't understand.
Speaker 2: Eels texting me at one on a Tuesday asking if
Speaker 2: I want to go to Dalston Superstore things of this nature,
Speaker 2: you know, yeah, yeah.
Speaker 3: Hey, have you ever been to have you ever been
Speaker 3: to Glastonbury? Like the city, like, uh, the festival, like yeah,
Speaker 3: it was like three months ago, like oh yeah, yeah,
Speaker 3: I meant to sit You're like wait what like, no, extreme,
Speaker 3: have you just been watching uh like Glastonbury videos on YouTube? No? No, no,
Speaker 3: no no, hey do you want to come on YouTube
Speaker 3: videos to me? Like yeah cool cool? Yeah, anyway, Uh
Speaker 3: that's coke chit. This has been coke chat Yeah yeah
Speaker 3: they yeah, dare got to be on exactly one thing.
Speaker 3: I mean. Also, I'd never do Heroine because terrified and needles,
Speaker 3: but that's another thing.
Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah under any that.
Speaker 3: Nope, train spotting was.
Speaker 2: Really effective there too, where it's just like I'm good,
Speaker 2: like you know, so it was really more the art
Speaker 2: around heroin.
Speaker 1: But you know, also, yeah, I'm not doing.
Speaker 3: No needle like I'm the boring drug guy.
Speaker 1: Screen name boring.
Speaker 3: Dad, you know whatever that's cry don't.
Speaker 1: Really standard issue we dad.
Speaker 3: Yeah. Yeah, but like I just but like, uh, you know,
Speaker 3: I just nothing wrong with that they got there there,
Speaker 3: got to mean damn damn propaganda. It's insane. Yeah. Yeah,
Speaker 3: what's what's going on with you other than hanging out
Speaker 3: with some cooked up eels?
Speaker 2: Yeah, you know, me and the eels have been big
Speaker 2: on it. I don't no man, Like I ruined my
Speaker 2: week by like I was doing a shoot with my
Speaker 2: my friend and colleague Ben Smoke on Tuesday, and it
Speaker 2: was one of these things where they specifically wanted us
Speaker 2: to get drunk, and I was like, say no more, fan.
Speaker 1: You know, but unfortunately.
Speaker 2: For me, I cannot drink all day long anymore, or
Speaker 2: at least I thought not so like. I lost a
Speaker 2: day yesterday where I just had to like sit on
Speaker 2: the couch and eat as much cheese as possible just
Speaker 2: to kind of recover yesterday, which isn't great in terms
Speaker 2: of productivity.
Speaker 1: We'll just say that, you know. Should I be writing
Speaker 1: a book right now?
Speaker 3: Yes?
Speaker 1: What was I doing?
Speaker 2: Attempting to figure out which white person was which in
Speaker 2: the latest season of Love is Blind?
Speaker 1: It was very confusing. I couldn't really tell them.
Speaker 2: Apart and also Love is Blind and a hundred percent yo,
Speaker 2: I gotta tell you what.
Speaker 3: Face blind for these whities?
Speaker 2: Yeah, Like dude, Like apparently if you're like some white
Speaker 2: guy from Minnesota, I've got no chance like there. Yeah,
Speaker 2: So I needed something like dull that I could kind
Speaker 2: of ignore. So I did that with the cat, who
Speaker 2: was delighted because she's like.
Speaker 1: Oh shit, you got the duvet on the couch. What's
Speaker 1: up you hung over girl? This is great? You know.
Speaker 2: So so sometime with the cat, didn't really get up
Speaker 2: to much but book writing. Hmmm ah, oh, et cetera. Ye,
Speaker 2: got a little a little bit of psycond damage there.
Speaker 2: But you know, did get drunk in the ruins of
Speaker 2: Cistercian Abbey. So that was fun, you know, there you
Speaker 2: go drinking on other people's dive.
Speaker 3: Yeah, we need to do a need to do a
Speaker 3: live show at the ruins of Whitby Abbey where we
Speaker 3: just sit in there and talk about fifteen fifteen people
Speaker 3: make it out because the weather's bad, like you know,
Speaker 3: there's no know way, like all the equipment is running
Speaker 3: off of like portable batteries. You know.
Speaker 1: Like I'm in I love you know.
Speaker 3: Yeah that's so cool. Yeah I want to go stand
Speaker 3: in the bones of something that is like centuries old.
Speaker 1: It's a good thing. It's a good feeling.
Speaker 2: Yeah.
Speaker 3: I like that. It's I'm I'm a big kind of
Speaker 3: big guy, and I don't really get to feel small.
Speaker 3: It's nice when I just get to be like, yeah,
Speaker 3: I'm pretty tiny in significant life. That's interesting. I don't think, like,
Speaker 3: I don't think I'm a significant person, but like you know,
Speaker 3: grand scheme of things like oh no, oh, oh, what
Speaker 3: the fuck happened? Can you still hear me? My monitor
Speaker 3: just switch off? You know what, It's fine. We you know,
Speaker 3: we've this is well trodden territory. I don't know why
Speaker 3: the fuck my monitor just completely switched off. I thought
Speaker 3: my I thought my computer had been turned off by accident.
Speaker 3: And then I heard you laughing, and I went, did
Speaker 3: I imagine that? I was like, I was like, there's
Speaker 3: because I thought it was turned off. I was like,
Speaker 3: did I just hear like a phantom laugh like? And
Speaker 3: then I heard yeah, And then I was like, oh god,
Speaker 3: all right, anyway, you know what, let's let's talk about
Speaker 3: Let's get into it. Let's talk about the end of
Speaker 3: of of old Andy.
Speaker 1: Our good friend, our good pal Andy.
Speaker 3: Yeah, hello, and welcome back to We're Not So Different,
Speaker 3: a podcast about how dare got to me about the
Speaker 3: len Bias thing, his.
Speaker 1: Bastards, how dare you?
Speaker 3: To this day, like, I feel like such a fucking
Speaker 3: rube about it. I'm like, like I don't want to
Speaker 3: do coke. I just feel like a rube. I'm like,
Speaker 3: I know that's fake, Like why am I afraid? You
Speaker 3: know what, It's fine, It doesn't matter anyway, Folks, Today
Speaker 3: we are here, we here, are here to doff our
Speaker 3: caps to the end of all, honngolous. It's the last
Speaker 3: of our of our series. But yeah, before we get there,
Speaker 3: as we usually do, we have a couple of questions
Speaker 3: from our patrons. Uh, do we have any contemporary accounts
Speaker 3: of people reacted to exotic travelogues before the advent of
Speaker 3: god damn it, of mass travel. If you had one
Speaker 3: guy like Oderic of porting On talking about cormorant fishing
Speaker 3: and footbinding, biased but broadly correct, and another like John
Speaker 3: Mandeville talking about one legged giant's a dog face men
Speaker 3: entirely made up but in keeping with classical ideas about
Speaker 3: quote unquote the orient would you have any reason to
Speaker 3: take one as more or less fantastical than the other.
Speaker 1: Well, I guess it tends to come down too.
Speaker 2: And what we don't really know about the general public, right,
Speaker 2: I mean, we only really get to know about what
Speaker 2: monastic audiences say about this. They do a thing where
Speaker 2: they privilege eyewitness information higher, and that is certainly the case,
Speaker 2: and so for example, we will see this in a
Speaker 2: similar thing happen in medical texts. So for example, people
Speaker 2: will say, yes, and I've done this and it worked, right,
Speaker 2: which in order to talk about particular medicines, because sometimes
Speaker 2: they're just writing down some medicine like Hypocrates suggested, you know,
Speaker 2: like a millennia ago, and whether or not that works
Speaker 2: is kind of like up for grabs. So people do understand,
Speaker 2: for example, that Marco Polo's discussions are you know, correct
Speaker 2: and accurate, and that tends to get promulgated a little
Speaker 2: bit more. And I suppose what we end up seeing
Speaker 2: as a result of those is we see the map
Speaker 2: of Mundi change, right, So we see that, you know,
Speaker 2: when we get more information about places from people, the
Speaker 2: maps will change. So they're like, oh yeah, the stuff
Speaker 2: like the kind of pods and like the Lemier they've changed.
Speaker 1: Location, right, you know, so you know like where they
Speaker 1: are kind of like looking a little bit more like India.
Speaker 2: And everyone's like, oh, never mind, I think that they're
Speaker 2: up like you know, arc angelsk now you know that,
Speaker 2: And I.
Speaker 3: Do I do love, like I really love that, Like
Speaker 3: they wouldn't just finally be like yeah, those things aren't real,
Speaker 3: Like it would always just be oh that they're in
Speaker 3: like the new far this way, a place that we
Speaker 3: don't really know anything about. So like at first it's
Speaker 3: you know, it's like two towns over, and then it's
Speaker 3: you know, a principality over, it's in the other kingdom
Speaker 3: or you know, on the other side of it, and
Speaker 3: by the end it's like, yeah, it's camp Chatka, like
Speaker 3: it's up there, like it's next to Alaska, and uh
Speaker 3: and in the Korean Peninsula. You're like, wait, what exacts.
Speaker 2: It's very much like, sorry, Mario, our princesses in another castle, right.
Speaker 3: So they got me coffin, You got me coffin.
Speaker 1: It's like one hundred percent.
Speaker 2: So they do know that eyewitness information is more important
Speaker 2: and they will privilege that more highly. But they are
Speaker 2: also not we'd. They're not willing to let go of
Speaker 2: their weird little guys. They love a little a weird
Speaker 2: little guy, so they just.
Speaker 1: Want to hold on to that. Basically, Yeah, yeah.
Speaker 3: And look, I can't blame him. I'm always uh, I'm
Speaker 3: thinking about Yoda quite often because he's just like I'm
Speaker 3: not even gonna get into it. But there's like this whole,
Speaker 3: like because because of like a few things that happened
Speaker 3: in the original movies, Uh, they now go all in
Speaker 3: on like having Yoda have these like really goofy ass
Speaker 3: faces like in like comics or or animated stuff or whatever,
Speaker 3: and like I have an entire group chat that's literally
Speaker 3: just like people sitting each other fucked up picts of Yoda,
Speaker 3: like just like, like I swear of God, there's one
Speaker 3: where they made him look like fucking Samuel L. Jackson,
Speaker 3: Like it's concept art or something, but it's like who
Speaker 3: why who? Just why? What? What? Why did you? Anyway? Yeah?
Speaker 2: See, you know like it is a deeply human urge.
Speaker 2: It's a deeply human urge to draw a little guy.
Speaker 3: That's it, it is, it is. Yeah, yeah, Sie, thank
Speaker 3: you very much for the question. Next one we got
Speaker 3: is uh from a web in Sweden is an iqbu Hm.
Speaker 3: I just thought how extensive and efficient were sewers in
Speaker 3: the Roman era, cause that might be how Antiquity scored
Speaker 3: such a propaganda coup over the Middle Ages.
Speaker 1: Yeah, so there are really good sewers, very.
Speaker 2: Specifically in the city of Rome. But what I mean
Speaker 2: by this is that they are extensive.
Speaker 1: They are not effective. Okay, so they're like they're there.
Speaker 3: They are gorgeous, monumental buildings, amazing.
Speaker 1: But yeah, yeah, and they will make it so that.
Speaker 2: A lot of people get to have a private latrine
Speaker 2: in their house which the sewers will sweep through. Where
Speaker 2: is that emptying? I will tell you it's in the river.
Speaker 2: Like disease is still incredibly fucking rampant, right, So what
Speaker 2: it is good at doing is clearing waste. It's not
Speaker 2: good at clearing it sufficiently so that it's not going to.
Speaker 1: Make you sick. And we still see, for example, laws
Speaker 1: on the.
Speaker 2: Books in Rome that are like, please stop throwing your
Speaker 2: chamber pots in the street, like in the same way
Speaker 2: that we see them in like medieval in the medieval period,
Speaker 2: right where they're like, you can't just fucking do that.
Speaker 1: What are you doing?
Speaker 2: You know? And if the laws are there, it means
Speaker 2: that people are doing it, right, yeah, So and not
Speaker 2: everybody gets to have the sewer's like obviously wealthy people do,
Speaker 2: poor people don't, et cetera, et cetera.
Speaker 3: Right, I'm just I'm laughing at myself imagining like a
Speaker 3: sovereign citizen or like a magna carta type guy in
Speaker 3: Italy who's just like, there's nothing, there's nothing on the
Speaker 3: books that says I can't throw shit up my window,
Speaker 3: and they're like, no, actually there is, and he's like, damn, damn,
Speaker 3: there was no fringe on the flat anyway. That's a
Speaker 3: stupid thing, American thing.
Speaker 2: But yeah, yeah, like you know, a lot of the time,
Speaker 2: the public latrins are like here's a wooden board where
Speaker 2: you and your homie can shit next to each other
Speaker 2: and like uh, and that goes into a ditch and
Speaker 2: then like the and then water runs.
Speaker 1: Through the ditch.
Speaker 3: I love pictures of Roman of like the toilets and
Speaker 3: Roman bathhouses because it'll either be like two people stare
Speaker 3: at like their life directly. Yeah, we're going to stare
Speaker 3: deeply into each other's eyes until this is over. Or
Speaker 3: it's like thirty five people in a room sitting next
Speaker 3: to each other that are like spread out like kind
Speaker 3: of in like a semicircle. But there you're still a
Speaker 3: like just like fantastic.
Speaker 1: Just letting it rep bibs. So I mean, yeah, like the.
Speaker 2: Thing is, it's it's kind of more of a convenience
Speaker 2: than a sanitation thing, and that is just what we
Speaker 2: have to understand about like essentially the pre Victorian world
Speaker 2: is that you're never really gonna get sanitation essentially with it,
Speaker 2: because it's just impossible to kind of like move that
Speaker 2: much waste perfectly until the advent of modern plumbing. And
Speaker 2: that's why I like living now, thank you.
Speaker 3: Yep. Yeah, I mean, like I think it's possible, you know,
Speaker 3: to uh to think about these things in both instances
Speaker 3: because they are like conveniences and they did still leave
Speaker 3: uh you know, shit everywhere and everything like that. But
Speaker 3: at the same time, like these people were doing some
Speaker 3: fucking monumental stuff and it's not just Rome, Like I mean,
Speaker 3: the aqueducts in Rome are incredible. The sewer systems for
Speaker 3: the time, they are incredible. But like a thing to
Speaker 3: remember is like, you know, one of the first human
Speaker 3: civilizational inventions is like irrigation, Like that's something we've always done.
Speaker 3: And like when we talked about Byzantium Constantinople, I mentioned it,
Speaker 3: but like they had these cisterns. They're so big that
Speaker 3: one of them now houses a sixty thousand person soccer stadium. Yeah,
Speaker 3: it's just in an old cistern. That's fucking insane. Do
Speaker 3: you know how long it takes to build a soccer
Speaker 3: stadium now, And they built something bigger than that, just
Speaker 3: a whole water. They had like six or seven of them,
Speaker 3: and I mean, like they're in I've talked about I've
Speaker 3: talked about ankor Watt and the Khmer Empire there in
Speaker 3: the Middle Ages, and they built like basically cisterns that
Speaker 3: were fresh water that were so big they were freshwater lakes,
Speaker 3: like they were just massive, and they could they could
Speaker 3: feed or I'm sorry, they could water uh the cities
Speaker 3: for like years and you know, so like these these
Speaker 3: monumental things they did are breathtaking and huge and beautiful.
Speaker 3: It's just that, yeah, they're not sanity. They're not going
Speaker 3: to get you sanitation because they can't. That's not a
Speaker 3: possible thing. There aren't enough If even if you were like, okay,
Speaker 3: I want to remove all the ship from my city,
Speaker 3: how many people and how long would it take to
Speaker 3: like get all of that out or to clear out
Speaker 3: like the sewer, like you know where the sewer drains
Speaker 3: into like it would take that. It would take half
Speaker 3: the city working on you know, it's like you just
Speaker 3: can't do it.
Speaker 2: Yeah, and yeah, and fundamentally, it's like it is a
Speaker 2: really good sewer system for what it is, but most people,
Speaker 2: but it doesn't go.
Speaker 1: To most people's houses. No, nor it's it's like it goes,
Speaker 1: it goes.
Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean like if you're stopped by the coliseum, Yeah,
Speaker 2: that is hooked up. Rich people's big ass houses are
Speaker 2: hooked up. But like you live in an insula, which
Speaker 2: is like an apartment building, and like maybe there's a
Speaker 2: luk trene on the ground floor that's hooked up, but
Speaker 2: you're not going to go all the way down from
Speaker 2: the fifth floor in the middle of the night, So
Speaker 2: you use a chamber pot and you dump it on
Speaker 2: the street and no one's cleaning the streets, homeboy.
Speaker 3: So yeah, it's yeah, it's uh, it's one of those
Speaker 3: things you know that happens with the Roman Empire a lot.
Speaker 3: Unfortunately you're like, damn, that's really cool. But then you
Speaker 3: also have to take there has to be but I'm
Speaker 3: not going to base my life on that or try
Speaker 3: to return to it because they built a sewer system
Speaker 3: a long time ago, because that is cool, it's fucking amazing,
Speaker 3: but like, yeah, it's it's it's revolutionary in terms of
Speaker 3: like the ability to build that is not revolutionary in
Speaker 3: terms of sanitation or like moving waste.
Speaker 2: Yeah, completely, and you know it is. It is cool,
Speaker 2: it is interesting. It is not something that happens for everybody.
Speaker 1: So yeah, that's yeah, Yeah.
Speaker 3: We've been Sweden isn't a kivu. Thank you very much
Speaker 3: for the question. If you want to ask us questions
Speaker 3: like this, please do subscribe to our Patreon, Patreon dot
Speaker 3: com such wnstpod. You get all of these episodes ad free,
Speaker 3: you get bonus episode, you get two bonus episodes a month.
Speaker 3: Last time we did part four of The de Cameron
Speaker 3: and next week we'll be out with the part two
Speaker 3: of our review of season two of and Or. So yeah,
Speaker 3: check that out. Five dollars a month. You can get
Speaker 3: on the discord where we have three hundred people who
Speaker 3: have joined the Discord. There is not three hundred active members,
Speaker 3: but hey, we love all the people. We love all
Speaker 3: the people who are in there, and yeah, I think
Speaker 3: that's pretty cool. So yeah, check it out Patreon, slash wi, nistypod.
Speaker 3: It's a neat and you'll like it anyway. Yeah, onto
Speaker 3: the show. So sometime in the fall of fourteen eighty seven,
Speaker 3: CE the whole long history when the seven hundred rule
Speaker 3: seven hundred years of Muslim rule in Iberia once again
Speaker 3: fell squarely on the shoulders of Abu Abdallah Mohammad the twelfth,
Speaker 3: the twenty second Nazared Sultan of the Emirate of Grenada
Speaker 3: for the second and final time. Five years before. Mohammad
Speaker 3: the twelfth became ruler upon the abdication of his father
Speaker 3: and immediately sought to invade Castile to again lost territory,
Speaker 3: but was captured and imprisoned during the campaign. Without a leader,
Speaker 3: Mohammad's father returned to Alhambra to rule again before dying
Speaker 3: a short time later. Upon his death, his uncle, Mohammad
Speaker 3: the twelfth's great uncle became the new sultan, becoming the
Speaker 3: twenty third Nazared Sultan, but not the last one, and
Speaker 3: taking the regnal name Muhammad the thirteenth, just to make
Speaker 3: things confusing. However, in fourteen eighty seven, Mohammad the twelfth
Speaker 3: was able to reclaim the sultandom from his great uncle
Speaker 3: in a coup that saw Alhambra change hands between Muslim
Speaker 3: rulers for the last time, and so Mohammed the twelfth
Speaker 3: retook the throne, but there was a serious problem. The
Speaker 3: Emirateive of Granada was the last holdout Muslim polity in
Speaker 3: Iberia and had been since thirteen forty four, occupying a
Speaker 3: small rump territory on the far southern coast of modern
Speaker 3: day Spain, surrounding Granada, Malaga and al Maria. The kingdoms
Speaker 3: of Castile and Aragon had become continental powers in their
Speaker 3: own right and were on the cusp of formally unifying,
Speaker 3: which would lead to Spain becoming the first true global
Speaker 3: superpower with the conquest of the Americas. Had he wanted
Speaker 3: to continue to fight indefinitely, there's no doubt the Emirate
Speaker 3: could have held out for some time, but the writing
Speaker 3: was literally on the wall. There was no reverse seeing
Speaker 3: these losses in no way for a Muslim state so
Speaker 3: far from the levant, there was no way that it
Speaker 3: could hope to stand against the weight of history and
Speaker 3: the hegemonic forces swirling around Western Europe at the time.
Speaker 3: But that's the thing. Mohammed the twelfth didn't want to
Speaker 3: hold out and hope for a miracle. Quite the opposite.
Speaker 3: In fact, whatever initial opposition he showed in his first
Speaker 3: Revenis campaign as Sultan against the Christian push further south
Speaker 3: into Iberia when he initially took the throne. The Mohammed
Speaker 3: the twelfth who took it back, was a much changed man,
Speaker 3: far from the brass streak of Muslim or Vanchism he
Speaker 3: showed in his youth. The later Mohammad the twelfth was
Speaker 3: a plant in stooge for Queen Isabella of Arragon and
Speaker 3: King Ferdinand of Castile. He had been let out of
Speaker 3: prison and given the porcess to size power once again,
Speaker 3: on condition that he turned Granada into a tributary kingdom
Speaker 3: of the Christians. In the truest sense of the term.
Speaker 3: He was controlled opposition for Granada's enemies, installed by the
Speaker 3: Catholic monarchs to ensure the final act of the reconquista.
Speaker 3: Now a full fledged ideological tentative, Catholicism was a formality.
Speaker 3: In the end, all the rich cultural, religious, military, scientific
Speaker 3: and societal legacy of all Andulus would be brought to
Speaker 3: a close, not with the bang of a decisive battle,
Speaker 3: with a backroom deal and a faith to complea folks.
Speaker 3: The final episode of al Andalous and it's real closing
Speaker 3: time hours here for our Moorish protagonist. But we're gonna
Speaker 3: sit them out in the style and talk about the final
Speaker 3: three centuries of Muslim rule on the peninsula. We'll finish
Speaker 3: up by talking about the fall of the al Mooviz,
Speaker 3: the Almahad's, the overwhelming Christian push south, and the final
Speaker 3: ignominies in in fourteen ninety two. Somehow not the worst
Speaker 3: thing that actually happened in forty thirty two. Yeah, and
Speaker 3: Columbus was apparently at the Treaty of It doesn't matter.
Speaker 3: He was at the Treaty of Granada too, which is for.
Speaker 1: Dad in Isabelle are responsible for a lot of shit.
Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, true, yeah, yeah, Eleanor.
Speaker 3: This is clearly a story of the decline involve of
Speaker 3: al Andelouce. But let's get some context first. For the
Speaker 3: entire series, we've been saying that the Christian reconquest was
Speaker 3: not a unified effort by numerous kingdoms working under a
Speaker 3: common ideology. But what material and political factors began to
Speaker 3: change so that it could become a reconquista as it
Speaker 3: is sometimes commonly thought of today.
Speaker 2: Okay, so one of the big things that happens after
Speaker 2: this point in time is we've invented crusading, right, So.
Speaker 1: That's like, yeah, like that that's a problem, right.
Speaker 2: A problem is that there has now become this very
Speaker 2: specific thing where there's an idea that Christians go out
Speaker 2: and they ethnically cleanse a place, or that they have
Speaker 2: the grounds and wherewithal to do that. Now that you know,
Speaker 2: this isn't to say that Arsians didn't fight Muslims at
Speaker 2: various points time, but like, you know who's fighting who
Speaker 2: in Sicily, girl, I don't know, right, Like there's all
Speaker 2: sorts of things going on, and you know, sometimes one
Speaker 2: group is up and the other one is down and
Speaker 2: nobody really knows. But increasingly, over the High Medieval period
Speaker 2: and then into the Late Medieval period, we're seeing these
Speaker 2: crusades that are called against varying groups of people. So yeah,
Speaker 2: it's not just like you know, the first Crusade, which
Speaker 2: is the obvious one, which doesn't really lead to very
Speaker 2: much directly in terms of the Iberian Peninsula, but stuff like,
Speaker 2: for example, the Alpagenzine crusade, that's a lot more like
Speaker 2: oh okay, like, yeah, you can go in your own
Speaker 2: backyard and you can attempt to muck out certain peoples.
Speaker 2: I think certainly the quote unquote success of the Christianization
Speaker 2: of the Baltic is in here where it's like, yeah,
Speaker 2: we've finally managed to subdue these rebels Estonians, right, and
Speaker 2: we've managed to Christianize them. So there's this idea that
Speaker 2: it is possible to take over these places. I mean,
Speaker 2: definitely in the fifteenth century the Crusades against the Hoosites.
Speaker 2: Do they all fail, Yeah, but we are establishing this
Speaker 2: particular narrative wherein you go in and do these things.
Speaker 2: I think, especially in terms of towards the later medieval period,
Speaker 2: when you know this finally happens, and indeed you know
Speaker 2: on the Iberian Peninsula. My argument is that when the
Speaker 2: Christians take back over, like you're like you're done, like
Speaker 2: fourteen ninety two, that is sorry, but that's to me,
Speaker 2: that is the early modern.
Speaker 1: Period if you're in Iberia at the end.
Speaker 2: And I think that what is happening here and what
Speaker 2: really helps the narrative is stuff like the rise of
Speaker 2: the Ottomans over in the east.
Speaker 1: So there is a much.
Speaker 2: Larger existential threat that these guys think that they are facing.
Speaker 2: Because you know, the Turklus in his art constantinoble right
Speaker 2: always and so it's like they're like, well, damn, bro,
Speaker 2: I'm going to be so real with you, I can't
Speaker 2: tell the difference between like a Turk and a Spanish
Speaker 2: person if if they are if they are a Muslim
Speaker 2: of some description, and so you. When the Automans take
Speaker 2: over Constantinople, this gives a bigger rallying point I think
Speaker 2: for the people in the Iberian Peninsula to say, okay, like, yeah,
Speaker 2: that's it, We're mucking these guys out now, like we're going.
Speaker 1: To get rid of it. Because also they don't understand.
Speaker 2: How how like that society is working, right, Like Muslim
Speaker 2: society necessarily is always going to be this melting pot
Speaker 2: because of the way religious law works.
Speaker 1: But Christians don't have that same necessity.
Speaker 2: You know, they kind of want they just want a
Speaker 2: group of Jewish people over there, you know, to keep for.
Speaker 1: The end times and then other than that, you know whatever.
Speaker 1: And I mean, I think.
Speaker 2: Also part of this does also have to do with
Speaker 2: kind of like the early modern turn things like well, yeah,
Speaker 2: and we can also get rid of Jewish people while
Speaker 2: we're at it, because we don't even need them to
Speaker 2: lend money anymore, because like the cat's out of the
Speaker 2: bag there, right, we don't even care. And yes, and
Speaker 2: Muslims are not Jewish people, but you know they're like,
Speaker 2: I don't know, it's not a Christian, it's this kind
Speaker 2: of person who's living here and not eating pork, you know,
Speaker 2: So like who's to say what's good or bad? So
Speaker 2: I think that there's all these these real structural things
Speaker 2: that are changing at the time that really lead to it,
Speaker 2: and it's kind of a slow creep. It's easy now
Speaker 2: for us to go, yeah, and then this is all
Speaker 2: kind of like one progression, but fundamentally we are talking
Speaker 2: about like a three hundred year period over which this happens,
Speaker 2: so yeah, yeah, And I suppose a thing is to
Speaker 2: kind of keep in mind too, from the perspective of the.
Speaker 1: Beginning of this.
Speaker 2: You know, it's really easy to kind of talk about
Speaker 2: the later period because we've just got better sources and
Speaker 2: it's so close to time for us. Is that I
Speaker 2: do think that kind of the al Morivid conquest of
Speaker 2: Iberia somehow felt more foreign right where you have in
Speaker 2: terms of like the Umiads, they are a group who's
Speaker 2: been there for quite some time, you know, like no
Speaker 2: one by the time you get to the High Medieval
Speaker 2: period is like oh yeah, hell yeah, man, I was
Speaker 2: a Visigoth, Like, oh no, my beautiful Visigothic culture has
Speaker 2: been trammeled upon right where it's a lot easier to
Speaker 2: kind of say, oh, well, yeah, you know, there they
Speaker 2: are Muslim and I'm Christian, but they sure have been
Speaker 2: in you know, Granada for a really long time, like
Speaker 2: I don't know, but has until late I always been
Speaker 2: like this, you know, that makes a little bit more sense,
Speaker 2: Whereas I think there is kind of a feeling about
Speaker 2: the al more of its as being a slightly more
Speaker 2: other And certainly that's also kind of true if we're
Speaker 2: kind of like comparing and contrasting like Umiyad faith practices
Speaker 2: and now more of it once, right, because like as
Speaker 2: Obians are like, yeah, what's up, I'm drunk, and Christians
Speaker 2: are like, well, so true best, like aren't we all?
Speaker 1: Aren't we all?
Speaker 2: But when the al Morbit's come in and they're like
Speaker 2: you need to knock all that shit up, Christians are like,
Speaker 2: well what the fuck is this?
Speaker 3: Right?
Speaker 1: You know?
Speaker 2: And I think that there is this sort of tendency
Speaker 2: to kind of then begin to look at these people
Speaker 2: as though they are a little bit more foreign, just
Speaker 2: because they're a little bit newer. There's a little bit
Speaker 2: of a shift in terms of what the culture is like,
Speaker 2: and it is coming a little bit more from Morocco
Speaker 2: than it had been doing because it had kind of settled,
Speaker 2: hadn't it, And it sort of settled into like being
Speaker 2: this particular Iberian thing. And now we've got a new
Speaker 2: influx of outside things. And you know, there's nothing wrong
Speaker 2: with that. In fact, I would argue that there's a
Speaker 2: lot that's really good about that. But it just makes
Speaker 2: it easier to tell a story about us versus them.
Speaker 1: And when you have.
Speaker 2: A new influx of people who are coming from over
Speaker 2: it's easier to say, yeah, Muslims come from overseas, yeah right,
Speaker 2: because you know you've been you've been hanging out in
Speaker 2: the story, yes, right, you've been hanging out in Barcelona,
Speaker 2: and you've been here.
Speaker 1: The whole time. And now there's like a new kind
Speaker 1: of Muslim.
Speaker 3: Muslim came from overseas. You're like, you mean the straight
Speaker 3: across the Strait of Gibraltar, which you can cross in
Speaker 3: like a dinghy, Like.
Speaker 1: You could swim that broke yeah, bro, you could.
Speaker 3: Yeah, you could swim stop on a rock in the
Speaker 3: stop on a rock and then you know, swim again
Speaker 3: like yeah, it's yeah, yeah, but you know you're you're
Speaker 3: absolutely right, like you know, we're making light of it,
Speaker 3: but yeah, that's that's a solid uh propaganda dub that
Speaker 3: is still being used today, a version of it anyway,
Speaker 3: you know, Oh, it's the other's fault. This is happening
Speaker 3: there from overseas or across the border or whatever, you know,
Speaker 3: fortress or a fortress America, et cetera, et cetera. Yeah,
Speaker 3: so the when when the almore of it's took over
Speaker 3: in eleven or I'm sorry, in about about the late
Speaker 3: the late eleventh century, they they extended their power over
Speaker 3: southern Iberia. But as Eleanor said, they had come from
Speaker 3: from the mcgreb from north uh, northwestern Africa, so you
Speaker 3: know Marrakesh, Fez, Morocco, and then you know down towards Uh,
Speaker 3: towards where the Ghana Empire was and at the time anyway,
Speaker 3: and uh, there's gonna be this continuing thing where like
Speaker 3: even though Marrakech, Marrakesh and Seville and Cordoba are not
Speaker 3: very like far from each other in terms like you
Speaker 3: still have to sail across a certain amount of like
Speaker 3: you know, of sea to get there, like it's still
Speaker 3: like getting there as a problem. And when you've got
Speaker 3: like forces pushing down on them from the north, while
Speaker 3: you're also trying to like hold on to rule in
Speaker 3: your base in Morocco, you're kind of going to start
Speaker 3: putting less emphasis on al Andalous and more emphasis on
Speaker 3: the mcgreb and that part. And that's going to be
Speaker 3: what happens, because you know, the Almrvids they were able
Speaker 3: to stop the Christian advance south like they they were
Speaker 3: for you know, for a time, but in the early
Speaker 3: in the twelfth century, they really start they start to wane.
Speaker 3: And that's when once the Almoravids are removed or remove
Speaker 3: themselves or fall apart or however you want to say it,
Speaker 3: that's the existential nature of this conflict sets in. For
Speaker 3: al Andalous. There's no there's no coming back from that,
Speaker 3: like given the politics of the time and everything, because
Speaker 3: any group that sets up in Morocco in Marrakesh is
Speaker 3: again going to be based in there or Fez or
Speaker 3: you know, somewhere like that. They're not going to be
Speaker 3: based in the comparatively smaller and shrinking you know, Seville,
Speaker 3: you know, Granada, et cetera. Yeah, so the yeah, as
Speaker 3: I said, the North African power base of the al
Speaker 3: Morovitz came under attack and they started to withdraw and
Speaker 3: they loosened their grip, and in eleven forty seven they
Speaker 3: would officially fall to the Almohad Caliphate and Iberia would
Speaker 3: enter another brief Taypha period where they broke into the
Speaker 3: small competing states again, and you know, it zoomed kind
Speaker 3: of what they had with the old type of period,
Speaker 3: but because they've been pushed so far south by this point,
Speaker 3: by like eleven forty seven, they controlled land just north
Speaker 3: of Sevilla and Cordoba, and that's about it. And it
Speaker 3: wasn't like the last type of period. But there were
Speaker 3: so many and they were so strong, and they were
Speaker 3: so big that when they broke into twenty something states
Speaker 3: they could still hold off the Christians and fight amongst themselves.
Speaker 3: Now it was a huge problem, and the Alma had
Speaker 3: saw that immediately and went over there and tried to
Speaker 3: stabilize Iberia. But by that point, the Christians had already
Speaker 3: retaken Kuenka, Lisboa which is modern day Lisbon, Tortosa and more.
Speaker 3: And you know, it's just if you're ruling, if you're
Speaker 3: a Berber kingdom from North Africa, going to have trouble
Speaker 3: ruling al andulous, both because it's its own kind of
Speaker 3: cultural thing by this point of hundreds of years of
Speaker 3: Umid slash quasei Umid rule and yeah, they just your
Speaker 3: focus is going to be on home, not Spain.
Speaker 1: Yeah, and I.
Speaker 2: Think that really this this type of period kind of
Speaker 2: really fucks them because uh, you know, the typhos are
Speaker 2: always an issue. But essentially, what kind of happens at
Speaker 2: this point in time is I think if the various
Speaker 2: Taipha kingdoms could have like calmed down and like stopped
Speaker 2: fighting each other, they would have stood more of a chance.
Speaker 2: But what kind of happens here is you know, again,
Speaker 2: because we talk about this in terms of saying, oh,
Speaker 2: it's a reconquista and like everyone it was always like
Speaker 2: Muslims versus Christians, that simplifies it to this point where
Speaker 2: it's like, oh yeah, and then this is just kind
Speaker 2: of like this inter civilizational struggle. But if you ask
Speaker 2: the Typhos, they were like, oh yo, hey fuck Ganada.
Speaker 2: They're like, you know, Zarago says like I fucking hate
Speaker 2: those guys, right, So they are constantly fighting each other,
Speaker 2: probably more than they are actually fighting Christians, and they
Speaker 2: don't have the armies to do that, so they're hiring
Speaker 2: Christian mercenaries like Elsie to do it. In order to
Speaker 2: pay these mercenaries, their taxes are through the fucking roof, right,
Speaker 2: They're like taxing the shit out of their people at
Speaker 2: the time, And so there is no concerted Muslim effort
Speaker 2: to shore up against the Christians, whereas Christians have a
Speaker 2: more nominal story that they're telling about this, where Christians
Speaker 2: have and you know, Christians have this kind of guiding
Speaker 2: theological principle and story that they're telling about this, and like, yeah, okay,
Speaker 2: they also will fight each other, like I mean, they
Speaker 2: absolutely will, but they are a little just a bit
Speaker 2: more like, yeah, I'm going to press down, I'm looking
Speaker 2: for more land that way, whereas the Teipha are hundred
Speaker 2: percent under no circumstance is going to say, oh I'm
Speaker 2: going to I'm going to treat you better than like
Speaker 2: anyone else, because they're just kind of squabbling for what
Speaker 2: power people can get. So by the time you have
Speaker 2: the al more of its really facing outside pressure, they
Speaker 2: don't have anyone else they can go to for help,
Speaker 2: you know, the first type of period basically when things
Speaker 2: get too hot, they're like, oh, more of it, please help,
Speaker 2: And then the Morvids are like, oh, yeah, okay, here
Speaker 2: we are.
Speaker 1: But then when you can't do that anymore, where does
Speaker 1: that leave you? All Right? So the fractuous.
Speaker 2: Nature of it, which is kind of what helped initially,
Speaker 2: ends up bringing it down.
Speaker 3: I would argue, Yeah, it's you know, the circumstances they changed,
Speaker 3: and they couldn't They just couldn't handle the shift.
Speaker 2: It was.
Speaker 3: It was too much the forces aligned against them, even
Speaker 3: know those forces themselves fought were just too powerful. And
Speaker 3: you're too far from uh, you're too far from from Americash.
Speaker 3: You're certainly too fucking far from Constantinople and uh Cairo
Speaker 3: and bagh Dad. So yeah, it's just that's I mean,
Speaker 3: it's not inevitable, but like at this point, it kind
Speaker 3: of is unless you have some kind of like insane
Speaker 3: black Swan event, like you know, I don't know, like
Speaker 3: a fucking second Black Death or some shit, I don't know,
Speaker 3: but like, yeah, it's just but yeah, I think that's
Speaker 3: can't do it. Yeah, That's a.
Speaker 2: Good point too, because you know, again, like the fractious
Speaker 2: nature of the Muslim kingdoms also means it's like, I'm sorry,
Speaker 2: Conceptinople is not coming to help you.
Speaker 1: No, Like they do not care.
Speaker 2: They are one hundred percent do not care about like
Speaker 2: what the fuck is going on over in you know,
Speaker 2: the Ibery Peninsula. They're not going to show up as
Speaker 2: a result of this. You know, there is absolutely no
Speaker 2: way bag Dad cares. They like maybe Egypt does, like
Speaker 2: maybe like maybe Tunisia does.
Speaker 1: Could be, but you know, they've they've got their own
Speaker 1: issues and they're and they're fighting, and they're all fighting
Speaker 1: with each other.
Speaker 2: Right, So these are not these are not people who
Speaker 2: see themselves as being part of like a contiguous world
Speaker 2: that needs to justify itself in opposition to Christendom. They
Speaker 2: don't have that same umbrella story that they're telling, whereas
Speaker 2: you certainly do get that out of like a Barcelona
Speaker 2: and Astorias and places like that. You know, they they're
Speaker 2: they're able to tell like a more convincing story about
Speaker 2: what is supposed to be happening, right.
Speaker 3: Yeah, yeah, And you know it's just you can't you
Speaker 3: can't do anything about it. So when the when the
Speaker 3: Almoheads took control of Marrakesh and then forty seven, they
Speaker 3: did move into southern Iberia, and they did for a
Speaker 3: time put another hold onto the Christian push south. They
Speaker 3: won a crushing victory against Castile at the Battle of
Speaker 3: Alarcos in eleven ninety five, and they even proclaimed a
Speaker 3: small bit, a small amount of territory again, but that
Speaker 3: would be the last delaying action. Beginning in the thirteenth century,
Speaker 3: the Christian push south was unstoppable and something of a
Speaker 3: foregone conclusion. As the Almohads when you know it, they
Speaker 3: consolidated power in North Africa because they were under attack,
Speaker 3: and they pulled resources away from Iberia in the process,
Speaker 3: and this led to a large alliance of Christian forces
Speaker 3: from Castile, Aragon and Navar went a sweeping victory against
Speaker 3: the Almahads in twelve twelve in the Battle of Los
Speaker 3: Novas de Tolosa, and this loss was so bad that
Speaker 3: the album had completely abandoned al Andolous and they did
Speaker 3: it within two decades, and that started the third Typhe period.
Speaker 3: Christian games were massive throughout the thirteenth century. They took Valencia, Cordoba, Savilla,
Speaker 3: Cadiz and Farrow by twelve sixty two. So that's all
Speaker 3: of present day Portugal, almost all the present day Spain,
Speaker 3: and by twelve sixty two all that was left was
Speaker 3: the Emirate of Granada, and folks, that takes.
Speaker 1: Us the best one though.
Speaker 3: Yeah, it's fun, as I know you love it. It's
Speaker 3: fun as hell. The Emirate of Granada, They're a thing
Speaker 3: from it starts in twelve thirty two, but state it
Speaker 3: hangs on for two hundred and sixty years in spite
Speaker 3: of all these changes and everything, eleanor how the hell
Speaker 3: did they? How the hell did they they hang on
Speaker 3: for that long? Like in spite of all this.
Speaker 2: Yeah, it's really crazy, actually, and I think that that
Speaker 2: is an important thing to say, right because you know again,
Speaker 2: you know, we have this tendency to be like, oh
Speaker 2: and then the Reconquista and then all this happened. I'm
Speaker 2: like Granada, like we're fucking hanging in there for like
Speaker 2: longer than America's right, you know, like you like absolutely
Speaker 2: get it, you know, and we I mean in Chilaida.
Speaker 3: Still existed, has still existed for longer than the United States.
Speaker 3: And I don't know, man, you got five we got
Speaker 3: five years.
Speaker 2: Yeah, and I'm just saying, I'm just saying, right, So
Speaker 2: I mean basically what ends up happening.
Speaker 1: It's like, you know, they get they get like.
Speaker 2: A good line of sultans going like about over twenty
Speaker 2: of them, So that's that's pretty good. Yeah, and this
Speaker 2: is when the Nazards build the Alhambra, yeah, which you know,
Speaker 2: and thank god they did.
Speaker 3: Well we'll talk about a second, yeah.
Speaker 2: Yeah, Like, but basically what they do is they're able
Speaker 2: to do a good job of consolidating power in the
Speaker 2: region itself, which has been kind of like traditionally Muslim.
Speaker 2: There's been a lot more Muslim people and so everyone's
Speaker 2: kind of happy to see that. And they are basically
Speaker 2: just paying tribute to the varying kingdoms around it, and
Speaker 2: the Varian kingdoms around it are like, yeah, sweet, good enough,
Speaker 2: don't care, like, do not need to actually take over Granada.
Speaker 2: The trade is sort of fine, and they act to
Speaker 2: a certain extent as a buffer between the Christian kingdoms
Speaker 2: and Morocco. So for the Christian kingdoms, they're like, actually,
Speaker 2: it's kind of quite nice to have these people who
Speaker 2: that we get on with really well, and we're not
Speaker 2: really worried about the Moroccans coming over here and starting
Speaker 2: a war with us, because they'd have to go through
Speaker 2: Granada first, and then that would.
Speaker 1: Be very unseemly.
Speaker 2: So there's a real advantage there. So they play their
Speaker 2: hand incredibly well, and they're able to just be like, yeah,
Speaker 2: we're your friendly low Muslims that you know, and you
Speaker 2: wouldn't want to go all the way to Gibraltar anyway,
Speaker 2: because like, who knows what might come out of Morocco next.
Speaker 3: Right, Yeah, yeah, And uh, you know, they also did
Speaker 3: have a bit of geography on their side because the
Speaker 3: south of Spain, much of central and northern Spain is
Speaker 3: extremely mountainous, uh to a to a real big degree.
Speaker 3: And so you know, fighting fighting a gorilla war in
Speaker 3: the mountain, not a gorilla we're fighting a war in
Speaker 3: a mountainous area is hard as hell anyway, But like
Speaker 3: in the Middle Ages, fucking impossible. Yeah, So we're gonna
Speaker 3: talk We're gonna talk about a bit more about the
Speaker 3: emirate and their doings just a second. But Eleanor, I've
Speaker 3: always loved Alhambra. Uh. I don't remember the first time
Speaker 3: I saw it. I don't remember anything like that. But
Speaker 3: I do remember loving it. You've been there. Please I'm
Speaker 3: coming to you with a cup in hand and I'm
Speaker 3: shaking it saying please. A love letter to Alhambra Queen,
Speaker 3: a love letter to mate.
Speaker 2: It is just my absolute favorite. It would be in
Speaker 2: my list for possibly my favorite medieval building. It's absolutely incredible.
Speaker 2: And when I went as some years ago, now I
Speaker 2: did this really cool thing which you know, just shout
Speaker 2: out if anyone's thinking about going to Granada. The way
Speaker 2: to see the Albahambra, in my opinion, is you can
Speaker 2: get a ticket that lets you go into the palaces
Speaker 2: at night and into the gardens at day so they
Speaker 2: light up the inside of the palace. You can see
Speaker 2: what it would have looked like at night there, so
Speaker 2: you can see all the carvings incredibly well because they're
Speaker 2: all kind of like flickering in the light. And then
Speaker 2: you can see the gardens in the daytime, which is
Speaker 2: what you want to do. But like the water gardens made,
Speaker 2: the fountains, like just the size of the Alabera, like
Speaker 2: you get into Grenaut, you can see it from everywhere.
Speaker 2: You can just like use it as a navigational point.
Speaker 2: It's it's absolutely enormous. It's situated on this huge, gorgeous
Speaker 2: kind of outcrop that it's so steep and difficult to
Speaker 2: like get up.
Speaker 3: And.
Speaker 2: It is just this monumental work. And what it does
Speaker 2: a really effective job of doing, is broadcasting the power
Speaker 2: of this area and broadcasting that it is a regional
Speaker 2: arts center, because like that's what ends up being one
Speaker 2: of the most important things of it is it's like
Speaker 2: it is a really big center of pottery production. It's
Speaker 2: like Mayolica that we talk about. A lot is invented there,
Speaker 2: and this is kind of just a standard of like, well,
Speaker 2: here's a form of luxury that you bitches are not
Speaker 2: going to get anywhere else, and that it becomes incredibly
Speaker 2: important just as a kind of touchstone. But the the
Speaker 2: thing is poetic as hell. You know, it looks like
Speaker 2: something out of a fairy tale. It's absolutely stunning. I
Speaker 2: can't say enough good things about it.
Speaker 1: I would kiss it if I could, you know.
Speaker 3: Yeah, it's yeah, it's just gorgeous. It's so pretty. I
Speaker 3: love it. It's I think it was. I think it's
Speaker 3: typically said that it was made famous to Western audiences,
Speaker 3: or at least Americans, by Washington Irving who was the
Speaker 3: writer of the Legend of Sleepy Hollow and Rip van Winkle.
Speaker 3: But he wrote something called the Tales of Alhambra, and
Speaker 3: that really inspired a lot of people in America to
Speaker 3: get really into this cool, red looking building. And yeah,
Speaker 3: it's I mean, it's an architectural marvel. It inspired many people,
Speaker 3: including m. C Escher who raved about it. It's something
Speaker 3: I found out. Apparently there's a lot of mathematical precision
Speaker 3: that goes into the specific art designed. It apparently contains
Speaker 3: clearly I had I did not know. This apparently contains
Speaker 3: all or nearly all of the seventeen mathematically possible wallpaper groups.
Speaker 3: Wallpaper groups are mathematical classification of a two dimensional repetitive
Speaker 3: pattern based on symmetries in the pattern, which I just
Speaker 3: obviously read. It's you know, cool, I like, there's just
Speaker 3: so much about it. It's like the water gardens. It
Speaker 3: serves as like a It served as like a water
Speaker 3: hub and a canal point, where a point where a
Speaker 3: lot of canals met to feed and water the area.
Speaker 3: Because while as if you've seen pictures of it, Alhambra
Speaker 3: is this gorgeous red building surrounded by like a forest
Speaker 3: of trees. Of course, a lot of the area is
Speaker 3: you know, a bit drier than that and everything, and
Speaker 3: it's just it provides water, provides agricultural growth and everything
Speaker 3: like that. But yeah, I just wanted to talk about
Speaker 3: that before we goes because the emirt of Grenada, it's fun,
Speaker 3: we love it. It has characters. But it it wasn't
Speaker 3: it wasn't to last eleanor what like. It got to
Speaker 3: its apoge at some point in the mid fourteenth century.
Speaker 3: But you know what what happened to start the decline
Speaker 3: and fall here.
Speaker 1: The consolidation of the Christian kingdoms. Yeah, and I like that.
Speaker 2: That's just fundamentally it, right, So it's it's like playing
Speaker 2: Crusader Kings, right, you know, like when when you're playing
Speaker 2: Crusader Kings, you consolidate land, and you consolidate land, and
Speaker 2: you consolidate land, and then you just like go for
Speaker 2: what the next group that you could take over is, right,
Speaker 2: And that's what ends up happening, you know, due to
Speaker 2: intermarriage in the Christian Kingdoms, we eventually just get left
Speaker 2: with Aragon and Castile, right, Like, they all kind of
Speaker 2: go into each other and that's how you get Ferdinand
Speaker 2: and Isabella.
Speaker 1: Right.
Speaker 2: They so Ferdinand and Isabella and then get married, and
Speaker 2: they consolidate Castile and Aragon, and then the only thing
Speaker 2: left is Granada. And they're just not gonna like I mean,
Speaker 2: it's like being a dick and not letting everyone quit monopoly,
Speaker 2: even you know, like when it's clear that you're gonna win,
Speaker 2: they're like, nine.
Speaker 3: Oh my god, I don't care anymore, and they're like, nope,
Speaker 3: we got to keep doing it, bro.
Speaker 1: Yeah, And that's basically it.
Speaker 2: So you get enough power in one place and people
Speaker 2: are just going to kind of go for it. And
Speaker 2: this is you know, again, really the story of the
Speaker 2: early modern period. You know, you have this this consolidation
Speaker 2: of power under varying ruling families that means you have
Speaker 2: suddenly these huge fucking kingdoms, whereas before there were just
Speaker 2: you know, kind of like various smaller states and principalities.
Speaker 2: And you know that's how you end up with Habsburgs
Speaker 2: and things like that, right, you know, it's you have
Speaker 2: these kind of like this. Basically what happens is that
Speaker 2: the stories people have been telling for hundreds of years
Speaker 2: in order to justify their rule and where it is
Speaker 2: that they're at are now like coming true, just in
Speaker 2: the same way that the papacy consolidates power very very
Speaker 2: slowly by telling stories over and over again in books. Eventually,
Speaker 2: you know, eight hundred years later that works, and that's
Speaker 2: what happens in Spain, and that's what happens in Europe
Speaker 2: more generally. So they go for Granada and they.
Speaker 1: Are able to take it really easily because I'll tell you.
Speaker 2: What, Morocco's not coming up to help. They can't. They've got,
Speaker 2: you know, enough troubles of their own. And you know,
Speaker 2: the Ottomans are kind of looking at it. They aye it,
Speaker 2: but they're like, I don't know, it's just being kind
Speaker 2: of cuter to like let the pirates do whatever it
Speaker 2: is they wish to do, and like that's an easy
Speaker 2: way to score points, right, you know, I don't really
Speaker 2: feel like I'm gonna have an ability to send a
Speaker 2: bunch of troops all the way over there to Constantinople,
Speaker 2: you know, especially not when we're doing things like you
Speaker 2: know now we lust in our hearts for Vienna.
Speaker 1: Yeah, so where we're.
Speaker 2: Looking at a whole, we're looking at all new range
Speaker 2: of places to attack, right, We're not We're not going
Speaker 2: for Spain.
Speaker 3: Yeah, yeah, it's the consolidation was pretty vast, like the
Speaker 3: catalog lands. Barcelona had been swallowed up by Aragon a
Speaker 3: long time ago. Navarre in the very was now like
Speaker 3: a very tiny sliver in the far north of Spain,
Speaker 3: and uh, yeah, it's just Leon was there too, but
Speaker 3: it was it was losing power basically. It's just they
Speaker 3: they consolidate and uh, you know after uh, fernand and
Speaker 3: Isabella die they I believe that was when they was
Speaker 3: all it was all formally put together. But yeah, it's
Speaker 3: just you can't fight that when you don't have a
Speaker 3: power base outside of like the tiny thing down there.
Speaker 3: They they're Morocco is not helping, Marrakesh is not uh
Speaker 3: and the forces in the Christian Kingdoms are allowing them
Speaker 3: to paper over their differences in a in a very uh,
Speaker 3: in a very telling way, because I mean almost as
Speaker 3: soon as this is done, you're going to start having
Speaker 3: the Spanish separatist movements, you know, and you're going to
Speaker 3: have you you've already a believed Yeah at this point,
Speaker 3: you've already had you know, revolts in uh in Cataloonya,
Speaker 3: in places like that. So it's just like you know, uh,
Speaker 3: how are you how are you going to you know,
Speaker 3: how do you how do you fight against that? The
Speaker 3: answer is, at that point, you couldn't, you know, there's
Speaker 3: probably nothing they could do to stop that.
Speaker 2: Yeah, and I don't really think that there is. And fundamentally,
Speaker 2: I think it puts paid actually to the idea of
Speaker 2: not necessarily the reconquista, you know, which is you know,
Speaker 2: a very powerful story, but you know the idea of
Speaker 2: the civilizational struggle between Christians and Muslims, because I'm like, well, babe,
Speaker 2: if that was true, they would have fought, someone would
Speaker 2: have showed up to help, like, you know, like some
Speaker 2: Muslims would have been like, oh hey, wait a minute, right,
Speaker 2: But it's a really easy and seductive story for Christians
Speaker 2: to tell because you know, for None and Isabella are
Speaker 2: really good at telling this story.
Speaker 1: You know, they are some of the.
Speaker 2: First to really tell this early modern national story about
Speaker 2: like what it means to be Spanish. And they're also
Speaker 2: the ones who enforced that, you know, at sword Point.
Speaker 2: They're the ones who do the the inquisition and like, yeah,
Speaker 2: the church is like yeah, sure, find have fun. But
Speaker 2: they're the ones who are like, I don't really like
Speaker 2: to torture some people about this, right, I really want
Speaker 2: to make this idea of what it means to be
Speaker 2: an Iberian Christian enforced on pain of death.
Speaker 1: And you know that is.
Speaker 2: Something that they a story that they told really successfully
Speaker 2: and it gets repeated by all of the worst people
Speaker 2: on earth, like you know Fronco.
Speaker 3: Yeah. Yeah, it's I mean, like the story of the
Speaker 3: very end is just it is very sad. As I said,
Speaker 3: Muhammed the Twelfth retook the throne, but he was just
Speaker 3: a puppet. He didn't He's stood by and watched while
Speaker 3: they retook Gibraltar, and it's just, you know, I mean,
Speaker 3: I don't like, I'm not like, you know, saying like, oh,
Speaker 3: you know, he should have like died to you know,
Speaker 3: to stop the inevitability or whatever. But it's it's just
Speaker 3: really sad. And I mean they signed they did sign
Speaker 3: the Treaty of Granada in fourteen ninety one, which is
Speaker 3: what I was talking about with with where Columbus was there.
Speaker 3: And Muhammed the Twelfth is known in in Europe as
Speaker 3: boabdil Is, which is like Tom Bombadil. Yeah. Anyway, he
Speaker 3: signs it with them and they relinquished h the Emirate
Speaker 3: of Granada in January fourteen ninety two, and that was
Speaker 3: that was the end of it. Now, the Tree of Grenada,
Speaker 3: you know, it had this long list of rights and things,
Speaker 3: guaranteed rights to the Moors, you know, who were what
Speaker 3: they called Muslim inhabitants of Spain, including you know, religious toleration,
Speaker 3: fair treatment as long as they surrendered and didn't fight. Guess. Yeah.
Speaker 3: But at the same time they also turned to the
Speaker 3: Jewish population in this in the lands and said you
Speaker 3: either convert or migrate to North Africa within three years,
Speaker 3: get the fuck out. And yeah, this basically, probably not surprisingly,
Speaker 3: was superseded by the Alhambra Decree in later fourteen ninety two,
Speaker 3: which forced all Jews to choose between conversion or immediate expulsion.
Speaker 3: And of course they did not honor the treaty with
Speaker 3: with Muhammad either. Uh. There was a rebellion uh in
Speaker 3: a place called the Alpujaras in fourteen ninety nine. And uh,
Speaker 3: because they were they were, you know, being the forced
Speaker 3: conversions were occurring, and uh, you know they said there
Speaker 3: were there was stuff told with the pope that they
Speaker 3: converted about three thousand Muslims on a single day and
Speaker 3: stuff like that. And yeah, after the revolt and al
Speaker 3: Puharas was put down, Uh, they just dropped all pretenses
Speaker 3: and you know, and the converter get the fuck out basically. Yeah.
Speaker 1: Yeah, And like I fundamentally, who was gonna stop them?
Speaker 3: Right?
Speaker 1: Like that that is the trouble.
Speaker 2: I mean, I I don't I don't fault Muhammad. I
Speaker 2: mean I would have signed that thing too. I'd been like, yeah, okay,
Speaker 2: well I think we need to we need to save
Speaker 2: some lives here.
Speaker 3: Just yeah, I mean you're gonna like you're gonna it's
Speaker 3: the obliteration of your family, Like you know, you can't.
Speaker 3: So like sometimes they're like sometimes like you can have
Speaker 3: pride in everything, but like if that means another sixty
Speaker 3: seventy eighty thousand people killed, if not more like to
Speaker 3: fight this, you know, that's not I don't to me,
Speaker 3: that's not honor anymore. That's just you like having that
Speaker 3: stuff in that right. Yeah, that's a death drive for
Speaker 3: you that you're extending to a bunch of other people.
Speaker 3: And yeah, but yeah you can't.
Speaker 2: Yeah, I agree, And it's like there's there's nothing you
Speaker 2: can really do here fundamentally, And you know, it's not
Speaker 2: his fault that these Christians are liars, right, you know,
Speaker 2: and they will they will go on to tell many
Speaker 2: lies too many people overseas and repeat these patterns again
Speaker 2: and again, you know, and that and that's colonialism, baby.
Speaker 3: So yeah, yeah, And I mean this is you know,
Speaker 3: this is just another in a long line of you know,
Speaker 3: crusader ideology. But you know, it is what it is.
Speaker 3: This is it goes part and parcel with that. So
Speaker 3: eleanor you know, looking back on it, how how should
Speaker 3: we view there are Because obviously a Christian reconquest happened,
Speaker 3: that is undeniable, and and by you know, probably the
Speaker 3: twelfth century at the latest it was, it had been
Speaker 3: formalized as like a Catholic Christian ideology, So like, how
Speaker 3: do we separate that from the recon Christian narrative that
Speaker 3: we have.
Speaker 2: I think the important thing to consider is that, yes,
Speaker 2: there is a consolidation of power under Christians, but there's
Speaker 2: been a retrofitting of a narrative about how this is
Speaker 2: what Christians were attempting to do back into the medieval past,
Speaker 2: when it was actually an early modern project to consolidate
Speaker 2: power under you know, essentially, one pattern and then also
Speaker 2: rishianize everyone, so you know, like there's this one family
Speaker 2: who's like, okay, look it's all one place and we're
Speaker 2: all Christian and you know, that makes perfect sense. Of course,
Speaker 2: why that story gets told over and over again in
Speaker 2: the modern period when we start telling the story of
Speaker 2: nation states, when we start saying, oh, there are nations,
Speaker 2: you know, and Spain is very much in the business
Speaker 2: of oppressing smaller entities and cultures that wish to secede
Speaker 2: from it. Underneath this one conglomeration, you know, like the Basques,
Speaker 2: the Catalans, you know, all these varying people's you know,
Speaker 2: even the Andalusians. You know, there are violent efforts to
Speaker 2: keep these people down. And so we need to understand
Speaker 2: the Riclonquista as a part of this centralized and Castilian
Speaker 2: Spanish desire to oppress the rest of the Iberian Peninsula.
Speaker 2: And it's an incredibly easy story to tell because you're right, Luke, Like,
Speaker 2: I mean, you are right. Eventually Christians take back over
Speaker 2: the entire Iberian Peninsula. But that's not what people were
Speaker 2: trying to do in you know, like nine eighty six, right,
Speaker 2: like they were just attempting to take whatever land they
Speaker 2: could like, yeah, they'll tell a convenience.
Speaker 1: Story if it's helpful.
Speaker 2: But this is not a consolidated effort on the part
Speaker 2: of any Christians. And I mean I think that it
Speaker 2: is when it comes to Ferdinand and Isabella, But when
Speaker 2: it comes to Ferdinane and Isabella, well we're in the
Speaker 2: modern period, so like what are you gonna do?
Speaker 3: Right? Yeah, Yeah, It's just like the idea of like
Speaker 3: a nation of them forming a nation state is in
Speaker 3: a lot of ways a very early modern and modern concept.
Speaker 3: And you know, I think you can you can kind
Speaker 3: of see this, you know, where they're going to consolidate
Speaker 3: everything and try to like blot out kind of the
Speaker 3: some of the old geographic boundaries and things like that.
Speaker 3: And it's just this to me, it's just this, it's
Speaker 3: an offshoot of the Crusades, even though I mean, as
Speaker 3: we said last time, the siege of Barbastro took place,
Speaker 3: was a precursor to the Crusades themselves. But this is
Speaker 3: a unified movement as like an ideological tenet is you know,
Speaker 3: completely downstream of the Crusades. To me, it's the same language,
Speaker 3: the same idea, the same ideas, the same concepts, you know,
Speaker 3: the same just abhorrent treatment of you know, locals and
Speaker 3: people of other religions. I mean like like you know,
Speaker 3: I'm not We've talked about the al Morovid's and how
Speaker 3: they definitely did a lot more repression of Christians of
Speaker 3: Jews than their predecessors. But like Ferdinand and Isabella are
Speaker 3: like they like, this is Christian. This what they're doing
Speaker 3: is what we understand now is Christian nationalism. It is
Speaker 3: like attempting to push all people and may all people
Speaker 3: who are not one type and in this case, one
Speaker 3: specific type of Christianity. It pushed them out of Spain
Speaker 3: altogether so that you can have your own completely homogeneous society.
Speaker 3: And that is like, that is what Christian nationalism is today.
Speaker 3: That's what they want, That's what they're talking about. It's
Speaker 3: the same concept. So it's just like it's this these
Speaker 3: sins of the Middle Ages, and I mean they obviously
Speaker 3: stretch farther back than that too, but these sins from
Speaker 3: the Middle Ages that become catalysts for ideas and philosophies
Speaker 3: and things. And then when you get to the early
Speaker 3: modern period and you get these real advances in political
Speaker 3: theory and the ability for a nation state to form
Speaker 3: and fucking go across the ocean and populate, genocide and
Speaker 3: then populate two continents is like, you know, you can
Speaker 3: take those crusader ideals and the reconcrease the ideals global
Speaker 3: and yeah, and I mean I think we're not I
Speaker 3: don't want to harp on this because to be weird
Speaker 3: about it, but it's like it is. I think it
Speaker 3: is important because like what Ferdinand and Isabella wanted is
Speaker 3: the same thing that Christian nationalists want today. Like as
Speaker 3: a long term goal, it is to put like to
Speaker 3: a Christian homogeneous I mean, in this case white society.
Speaker 3: They didn't they weren't talking about white people in Spain
Speaker 3: in fourteen ninety two, but you could. You know, it's
Speaker 3: that is what they want, and you know, it's it's
Speaker 3: good to know what actually happened. So like if somebody
Speaker 3: says that you you know, and could talk to maybe
Speaker 3: people who don't know as much. I'm not saying too
Speaker 3: like we try to well actually like these reactionary freaks
Speaker 3: because they're not gonna listen to that shit, but like
Speaker 3: bystanders who don't know like that, you know, not everybody's radicalized,
Speaker 3: not everybody's class conscious and everything like that. So people
Speaker 3: are going to have to learn somehow, and so this
Speaker 3: is a good you know, it's helpful to me to
Speaker 3: know these things to talk to people, and you know,
Speaker 3: it's also helpful to be like, yeah, this wasn't some
Speaker 3: this isn't a universal struggle, this isn't some fucking horrific
Speaker 3: destined thing. It's just people fighting over political material, political
Speaker 3: circumstances like within these frameworks, and you know, it's there's
Speaker 3: nothing inevitable about it, like it's just a thing. It's
Speaker 3: you know, it's it's just a trapping that is used
Speaker 3: to explain this as a as propaganda. Yep.
Speaker 2: Yeah, there's no difference between the story of the reconquista,
Speaker 2: you know, versus you know, the stories early medieval people
Speaker 2: are telling you about how they're descended from a sea
Speaker 2: monster and that's why they should get to be the
Speaker 2: king of France.
Speaker 3: That's just it's yeah, I'm descended. Uh. Yep. There was
Speaker 3: a second donation of Constantine where he said me specifically,
Speaker 3: I was supposed to be the king even though I
Speaker 3: was born five hundred years later. It's still real, damnit.
Speaker 3: And it and it's written in my own handwriting in
Speaker 3: like early in like an early fringe or whatever. He's like, wait,
Speaker 3: why is this written in a satan? He spoke Octan,
Speaker 3: damn it, Uh shut up.
Speaker 1: Yeah, exactly exactly, that's it, baby.
Speaker 3: Yeah, So eleanor like, as we leave this, I don't
Speaker 3: want to leave it on a down note, because I mean,
Speaker 3: this is we all knew where this was going, the
Speaker 3: decline and fall of this lovely and vibrant, an interesting
Speaker 3: civilization or society. Rather, what is what is the lasting
Speaker 3: legacy of al Andolouce to you?
Speaker 1: Like?
Speaker 3: What what is that?
Speaker 2: I think that one of the things that is really
Speaker 2: testament to how important Andalus was is actually, you know,
Speaker 2: most of the good shit that happens in the medieval
Speaker 2: period is really helped along by al Envaluce. So you know,
Speaker 2: the wonderful things like cultural and philosophical debate and the
Speaker 2: way that texts flow through Europe, it's all down to
Speaker 2: Aln deLuce and the fact that they have this really
Speaker 2: rich and multicultural society wherein ideas are constantly being shared
Speaker 2: and texts are being copied and things are moving back
Speaker 2: and forth. So I think the intellectual legacy is absolutely huge.
Speaker 2: It cannot be understated. You know, any medical advancement that
Speaker 2: happens in this period is basically down to Alan deLuce.
Speaker 2: And then I think also we can really say that,
Speaker 2: like architecturally and artistically they've made a real impact on
Speaker 2: the Spanish Psyche.
Speaker 1: And certainly if you go to Andalucia now you.
Speaker 2: Really see that this is this particularly beautiful place and
Speaker 2: it's got a real echo, you know there there is
Speaker 2: a cultural impact that they have had that is still ongoing,
Speaker 2: and you know, despite the best efforts of a lot
Speaker 2: of people to expunge it, the fact of the matter
Speaker 2: is they are culturally incredibly significant and it was one
Speaker 2: of the most important places in the fucking world in
Speaker 2: the medieval period. And there's no erasing that.
Speaker 1: Baby.
Speaker 3: Yeah, it's I mean, like if you if you're looking
Speaker 3: for something specific, it is a Copernicus thinked a bunch
Speaker 3: of these astronomers in their revolutionis as i'd said, as
Speaker 3: I said, and like I mean the Avaros and Albertrji
Speaker 3: excuse me, Albertruji. Uh, these guys are uh the shoulders
Speaker 3: the giants that at Copernicus and Galileo and Newton and
Speaker 3: Kepler and everyone after them were standing on They were
Speaker 3: some of them, because you know, they had to get there.
Speaker 3: And Copernicus is very open about like how Muslim astrology
Speaker 3: and specifically al Ondolous provided the like theoretical scientific basis
Speaker 3: for what he was doing. Even you know, they didn't
Speaker 3: they weren't able to quite figure it out because they
Speaker 3: didn't have the telescopic advancements. They didn't you know, they
Speaker 3: didn't have all of this stuff. But when we finally
Speaker 3: get that stuff, you get you know, these guys standing
Speaker 3: on it. And that's the basis for our cosmology today,
Speaker 3: the Earth circle, the Earth orbiting the Sun and gravity
Speaker 3: and all that shit, and it's just yeah, it's art
Speaker 3: and culture and meaning and I mean it is proof
Speaker 3: that like these people all lived together, Jews and Christians
Speaker 3: and Muslims, and I mean they fought sometimes, but seven
Speaker 3: one hundred and seven fucking seven hundred and eighty one years,
Speaker 3: and you know, for most of that they were living
Speaker 3: pretty peacefully. They had to pay attack on it, but
Speaker 3: they would have had to pay attack anyway, you know.
Speaker 3: I mean, like, so if they can do it for
Speaker 3: that long in the Middle Ages, why can't we do
Speaker 3: it now? I'm not like it sounds trite or pat
Speaker 3: or whatever, but like, seriously, why why can't they just
Speaker 3: like they can't we do that shit.
Speaker 2: They're suppressing al the al andolous and the history so
Speaker 2: that people won't know that actually you could just chill
Speaker 2: the fuck out and eat some dates they don't want.
Speaker 3: Yeah, yeah, yeah, you can have some hamone or not
Speaker 3: if you don't if you don't eat pork. You know,
Speaker 3: it's like whatever, you can have some hamon or some
Speaker 3: fuck I'm drawing a blink on Native Spanish all I
Speaker 3: can think of, fucking like, No, folks, it's a rich culture.
Speaker 3: It's a rich Tavish And we're glad you took this
Speaker 3: ride with us. Well we'll be back next time to
Speaker 3: talk about something a little different. And yeah, we are
Speaker 3: glad you tuned in, and I hope you learned a lot.
Speaker 3: Eleanor which guy going on?
Speaker 2: I forgot to say last week because I didn't realize
Speaker 2: how quickly these motherfuckers turned it around. And I was
Speaker 2: on trash Future if you want to check me out
Speaker 2: chatting with the homies there. But otherwise, you know the deal,
Speaker 2: your girls on the socials at Going Medieval, I got
Speaker 2: a bunch of stuff upcoming, so watch the space.
Speaker 3: But yeah, yeah, yeah, pretty much same here. You found me,
Speaker 3: Lucas amazing if you want to hear me, continue to
Speaker 3: go gradually insane, and you can find my old shit,
Speaker 3: A People's History of the Old Republic if you want
Speaker 3: to hear me talk about Star Wars. But yeah, other
Speaker 3: than that, that's going to do it. Thank you very
Speaker 3: much and we'll see you next time. Bye.