WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.160 --> 00:00:03.080 Preface, so long as it shall exist by virtue of 2 00:00:03.160 --> 00:00:07.320 law and custom, decrees of damnation produced by society artificially 3 00:00:07.360 --> 00:00:10.160 creating hills amid the civilization of earth and adding the 4 00:00:10.199 --> 00:00:13.080 element of human fate to divine destiny. So long as 5 00:00:13.119 --> 00:00:16.079 the three great problems of the century, the degradation of 6 00:00:16.120 --> 00:00:19.359 man through popairism, the corruption of women through hunger, the 7 00:00:19.399 --> 00:00:22.160 crippling of children through lack of light, are unsolved, so 8 00:00:22.199 --> 00:00:24.879 long as social asphyxia is possible in any part of 9 00:00:24.879 --> 00:00:28.480 the world. In other words, and with a still wider significance, 10 00:00:28.559 --> 00:00:31.519 so long as ignorance and poverty exist on earth. Books 11 00:00:31.559 --> 00:00:34.079 of the nature of Le miserabla cannot fail to be 12 00:00:34.159 --> 00:00:37.719 of use From Victor Hugo Hovey House, eighteen sixty two, 13 00:00:38.880 --> 00:00:39.320 end of. 14 00:00:39.320 --> 00:00:45.240 Preface, Book one, A Just Man, Chapter one. Monsieur murielle 15 00:00:47.359 --> 00:00:53.439 In eighteen fifteen, Monsieur Charles Francois Bienvenue Muriel was Bishop 16 00:00:53.479 --> 00:00:56.880 of Duniers. He was an old man of about seventy 17 00:00:56.880 --> 00:00:59.520 five years of age. He had occupied the Sea of 18 00:00:59.560 --> 00:01:03.719 Dinier since eighteen o six. Although this detail has no 19 00:01:03.759 --> 00:01:06.480 connection whatever with the real substance of what we are 20 00:01:06.560 --> 00:01:10.200 about to relate, it will not be superfluous, if merely 21 00:01:10.239 --> 00:01:13.000 for the sake of exactness in all points to mention 22 00:01:13.120 --> 00:01:15.560 here the various rumors and remarks which had been in 23 00:01:15.640 --> 00:01:18.359 circulation about him from the very moment when he arrived 24 00:01:18.359 --> 00:01:22.359 in the diocese, true or false. That which is said 25 00:01:22.359 --> 00:01:25.799 of men often occupies as important a place in their lives, 26 00:01:25.879 --> 00:01:28.879 and above all, in their destinies, as that which they do. 27 00:01:30.640 --> 00:01:33.319 Monsieur Muriell was the son of a councilor of the 28 00:01:33.359 --> 00:01:36.920 Parliament of As, hence he belonged to the nobility of 29 00:01:36.959 --> 00:01:41.000 the bar. It was said that his father, destining him 30 00:01:41.040 --> 00:01:43.640 to be heir of his own post, had married him 31 00:01:43.640 --> 00:01:47.000 at a very early age eighteen or twenty, in accordance 32 00:01:47.040 --> 00:01:50.560 with a custom which is rather widely prevalent in parliamentary families. 33 00:01:51.359 --> 00:01:53.200 In spite of this marriage, however, it was said that 34 00:01:53.319 --> 00:01:56.799 Charles Muriel created a great deal of talk, who was 35 00:01:56.879 --> 00:02:01.719 well formed, though rather short in stature, elegant and graceful, intelligent. 36 00:02:02.599 --> 00:02:04.560 The whole of the first portion of his life had 37 00:02:04.560 --> 00:02:09.039 been devoted to the world into gallantry. The Revolution came, 38 00:02:09.759 --> 00:02:15.800 events succeeded each other with precipitation. The parliamentary families, decimated, pursued, 39 00:02:16.039 --> 00:02:22.080 hunted down, were dispersed. Monsieur Charlemuriel emigrated to Italy at 40 00:02:22.120 --> 00:02:25.560 the very beginning of the revolution. There his wife died, 41 00:02:25.599 --> 00:02:28.479 a mamalady of the chest from which she had long suffered. 42 00:02:29.120 --> 00:02:32.360 He had no children. What took place next in the 43 00:02:32.400 --> 00:02:36.159 fate of Monsieur Muriel The ruin of the French society 44 00:02:36.159 --> 00:02:38.800 of the olden days, the fall of his own family, 45 00:02:39.400 --> 00:02:43.000 the tragic spectacles of ninety three, which were perhaps even 46 00:02:43.000 --> 00:02:45.360 more alarming to the emigrants who viewed them from a distance, 47 00:02:45.840 --> 00:02:49.400 with the magnifying powers of terror. Did these cause the 48 00:02:49.439 --> 00:02:53.520 ideas of renunciation and solitude to germinate in him? Was he, 49 00:02:53.680 --> 00:02:57.560 in the midst of these distractions, these affections which absorbed 50 00:02:57.599 --> 00:03:01.080 his life, suddenly smitten with one of those mysterious and 51 00:03:01.159 --> 00:03:05.439 terrible blows which sometimes overwhelm. By striking to his heart, 52 00:03:05.639 --> 00:03:09.240 a man whom public catastrophes would not shake, by striking 53 00:03:09.240 --> 00:03:12.840 at his existence and his fortune, no one could have told. 54 00:03:13.520 --> 00:03:15.960 All that was known was that when he returned from 55 00:03:16.000 --> 00:03:20.240 Italy he was a priest. In eighteen o four, Monsieur 56 00:03:20.280 --> 00:03:24.000 Muriel was the cure of Brignault. He was already advanced 57 00:03:24.000 --> 00:03:28.400 in years and lived in a very retired manner. About 58 00:03:28.400 --> 00:03:31.520 the epoch of the coronation. Some petty affair connected with 59 00:03:31.560 --> 00:03:35.080 his curacy, just what it is not precisely known, took 60 00:03:35.159 --> 00:03:38.719 him to Paris. Among other powerful persons to whom he 61 00:03:38.759 --> 00:03:41.759 went to solicit aid for his parishioners was Monsieur le 62 00:03:41.840 --> 00:03:45.120 Cardinal Fesch. One day, when the Emperor had come to 63 00:03:45.199 --> 00:03:48.000 visit his uncle, the worthy Curee, who was waiting in 64 00:03:48.039 --> 00:03:52.800 the ante room, found himself present when his Majesty passed. Napoleon, 65 00:03:52.840 --> 00:03:55.879 on finding himself observed with a certain curiosity by this 66 00:03:55.960 --> 00:03:59.120 old man, turned round and said abruptly, who is this 67 00:03:59.240 --> 00:04:02.960 good man who is staring at me? Sire, said Monsieur 68 00:04:03.080 --> 00:04:06.000 muriel You are looking at a good man, and I 69 00:04:06.280 --> 00:04:09.159 at a great man. Each of us can profit by it. 70 00:04:10.120 --> 00:04:12.439 That very evening the Emperor asked the cardinal the name 71 00:04:12.479 --> 00:04:15.680 of the cure and some time afterwards Monsieur Murielle was 72 00:04:15.759 --> 00:04:18.199 utterly astonished to learn that he had been appointed Bishop 73 00:04:18.240 --> 00:04:22.319 of Duignier. What truth was there, after all in the 74 00:04:22.360 --> 00:04:24.879 stories which were invented as to the early portion of 75 00:04:24.879 --> 00:04:29.319 Monsieur Muriell's life. No one knew. Very few families have 76 00:04:29.360 --> 00:04:33.920 been acquainted with the muriel family before the Revolution. Monsieur 77 00:04:34.040 --> 00:04:36.480 Murielle had to undergo the fate of every newcomer in 78 00:04:36.519 --> 00:04:39.160 a little town where there are many males which talk 79 00:04:39.279 --> 00:04:42.680 and very few heads which think. He was obliged to 80 00:04:42.759 --> 00:04:45.319 undergo it although he was a bishop, and because he 81 00:04:45.439 --> 00:04:48.240 was a bishop. But after all, the rumors with which 82 00:04:48.279 --> 00:04:53.040 his name was connected were rumors, only noise, sayings, words 83 00:04:53.319 --> 00:04:56.879 less than words palabres as the energetic language of the 84 00:04:56.879 --> 00:05:01.959 sales expresses it. However that may be, after nine years 85 00:05:01.959 --> 00:05:05.000 of episcopal power and of residence in Daignier, all the 86 00:05:05.079 --> 00:05:08.120 stories and subjects of conversation which engross petty towns and 87 00:05:08.160 --> 00:05:11.319 petty people at the outset had fallen into profound oblivion. 88 00:05:12.319 --> 00:05:15.160 No one would have dared to mention them, no one 89 00:05:15.160 --> 00:05:19.360 would have dared to recall them. Monsieur Murielle had arrived 90 00:05:19.360 --> 00:05:23.759 at Dignier accompanied by an elderly spinster, Mademoiselle Baptistine, who 91 00:05:23.839 --> 00:05:27.920 was his sister and ten years his junior. Their only 92 00:05:27.959 --> 00:05:30.279 domestic was a female servant of the same age as 93 00:05:30.279 --> 00:05:35.759 Mademoiselle Baptistine, and named Madame Magloire, who, after having been 94 00:05:35.800 --> 00:05:38.759 the servant of Monsieur le Cuierer, now assumed the double 95 00:05:38.800 --> 00:05:44.680 title of maid to Mademoiselle and housekeeper to Monseigneur. Mademoiselle 96 00:05:44.720 --> 00:05:49.800 Baptisteine was a long, pale, thin, gentle creature. She realized 97 00:05:49.839 --> 00:05:53.240 the ideal expressed by the word respectable, for it seems 98 00:05:53.240 --> 00:05:55.079 that a woman must needs be a mother in order 99 00:05:55.120 --> 00:05:59.800 to be venerable. She had never been pretty. Her whole life, 100 00:06:00.040 --> 00:06:02.519 which had been nothing but a succession of holy deeds, 101 00:06:03.040 --> 00:06:06.360 had finally conferred upon her sort of pallor and transparency. 102 00:06:07.160 --> 00:06:09.480 And as she advanced in years, she had acquired what 103 00:06:09.600 --> 00:06:12.480 may be called the beauty of goodness. What had been 104 00:06:12.600 --> 00:06:15.920 leanness in her youth had become transparency in her maturity, 105 00:06:16.920 --> 00:06:20.600 and this diaphaneity allowed the angel to be seen. She 106 00:06:20.759 --> 00:06:24.040 was a soul rather than a virgin. Her person seemed 107 00:06:24.079 --> 00:06:27.040 made of a shadow. There was hardly sufficient body to 108 00:06:27.079 --> 00:06:31.319 provide for sex. A little matter enclosing a light, large 109 00:06:31.360 --> 00:06:35.639 eyes forever drooping, a mere pretext for a soul's remaining 110 00:06:35.639 --> 00:06:40.480 on the earth. Madame Magloar was a little, fat, white 111 00:06:40.480 --> 00:06:44.319 old woman, corpulent and bustling, always out of breath, in 112 00:06:44.399 --> 00:06:47.040 the first place because of her activity, and in the 113 00:06:47.079 --> 00:06:51.759 next because of her asthma. On his arrival, Monsieur Miurielle 114 00:06:51.839 --> 00:06:54.800 was installed in the episcopal palace with the honors required 115 00:06:54.800 --> 00:06:58.879 by the Imperial Decrees, which class a bishop immediately after 116 00:06:58.920 --> 00:07:02.160 a major general. The mayor and the President paid the 117 00:07:02.160 --> 00:07:04.519 first call on him, and he in turn paid the 118 00:07:04.519 --> 00:07:08.079 first call on the General and the prefect. The installation 119 00:07:08.199 --> 00:07:11.199 over the town waited to see its bishop. At work 120 00:07:13.240 --> 00:07:16.560 end of book one, Chapter one. 121 00:07:15.839 --> 00:07:26.279 Book one, chapter two, Monsieur Muriel becomes Monsieur Welcome the 122 00:07:26.279 --> 00:07:31.079 Episcopal Palace of Dinia adjoins the hospital. The episcopal Palace 123 00:07:31.199 --> 00:07:33.839 was a huge and beautiful house built of stone at 124 00:07:33.879 --> 00:07:37.000 the beginning of the last century by Monsieur Anri Pouget, 125 00:07:37.720 --> 00:07:41.839 doctor of theology of the Faculty of Paris, Abbe of Seymour, 126 00:07:42.240 --> 00:07:45.839 who had been Bishop of Dignia in seventeen twelve. This 127 00:07:46.000 --> 00:07:50.000 palace was a genuine signiorial residence. Everything about it had 128 00:07:50.040 --> 00:07:53.399 a grand heir, the apartments of the bishop, the drawing rooms, 129 00:07:53.560 --> 00:07:56.959 the chambers, the principal courtyard, which was very large with 130 00:07:57.040 --> 00:08:00.000 walks encircling it under arcades in the old Florentine facts 131 00:08:00.680 --> 00:08:05.439 and gardens planted with magnificent trees. In the dining room 132 00:08:05.600 --> 00:08:08.199 a long and superb gallery, which was situated on the 133 00:08:08.199 --> 00:08:12.000 ground floor and opened on the gardens. Monsieur Enri Puget 134 00:08:12.360 --> 00:08:15.920 had entertained in state on July twenty ninth, seventeen fourteen. 135 00:08:16.279 --> 00:08:20.800 My Lords Charles Boulard de Gennis, Archbishop Prince d'am brune, 136 00:08:21.319 --> 00:08:27.079 Antoine de Mesgrigni, the Capuchin Bishop of Grace, Philippe de Vandome, 137 00:08:27.439 --> 00:08:30.959 Grand Prior of France, Abbe of Saint Honore de Derns, 138 00:08:31.639 --> 00:08:36.000 Francois de Berton de Crillon, Bishop Baron de Vince Cesarre 139 00:08:36.039 --> 00:08:41.720 de Sabran de Foucalcier, Bishop Signor of Glandeves, and Jean Soanna, 140 00:08:42.240 --> 00:08:45.440 Priest of the Oratory Preacher in ordinary to the King, 141 00:08:45.679 --> 00:08:50.080 Bishop Signor of Sinnez. The portraits of these seven reverend 142 00:08:50.159 --> 00:08:54.360 personages decorated this apartment, and this memorable date, the twenty 143 00:08:54.440 --> 00:08:58.039 ninth of July seventeen fourteen, was there engraved in letters 144 00:08:58.039 --> 00:09:01.480 of gold on a table of white marble. The hospital 145 00:09:01.559 --> 00:09:03.840 was a low and narrow building of a single story 146 00:09:03.879 --> 00:09:07.279 with a small garden. Three days after his arrival, the 147 00:09:07.320 --> 00:09:10.759 bishop visited the hospital. The visit ended he had the 148 00:09:10.799 --> 00:09:12.840 doctor requested to be so good as to come to 149 00:09:12.879 --> 00:09:16.279 his house. Monsieur, the director of the hospital said, he 150 00:09:16.320 --> 00:09:18.559 to him, how many sick people have you at the 151 00:09:18.600 --> 00:09:23.480 present moment? Twenty six, monseigneur. That was the number which 152 00:09:23.519 --> 00:09:26.799 I counted, said the bishop. The beds, pursued the doctor, 153 00:09:26.919 --> 00:09:30.120 are very much crowded against each other. That is what 154 00:09:30.200 --> 00:09:33.320 I observed. The halls are nothing but rooms, and it 155 00:09:33.360 --> 00:09:35.720 is with difficulty that the air can be changed in them, 156 00:09:36.360 --> 00:09:39.200 so it seems to me. And then when there is 157 00:09:39.240 --> 00:09:41.240 a ray of sun, the garden is very small for 158 00:09:41.320 --> 00:09:45.840 the convalescence. That was what I said to myself. In 159 00:09:45.919 --> 00:09:49.120 case of epidemics, we have had the typhus fever this year, 160 00:09:49.480 --> 00:09:51.440 we have the sweating sickness two years ago, and a 161 00:09:51.519 --> 00:09:54.080 hundred patients. At times we know not what to do. 162 00:09:55.320 --> 00:09:58.200 This is the thought which occurred to me. What would 163 00:09:58.240 --> 00:10:02.440 you have, monseigneur, said the direct One must resign oneself. 164 00:10:03.919 --> 00:10:06.360 This conversation took place in the gallery dining room on 165 00:10:06.360 --> 00:10:09.639 the ground floor. The bishop remained silent for a moment, 166 00:10:09.679 --> 00:10:11.879 then he turned abruptly to the director of the hospital. 167 00:10:12.480 --> 00:10:15.000 Monsieur said he how many beds do you think this 168 00:10:15.120 --> 00:10:19.879 hall alone would hold? Monseigneur's dining room, exclaimed the stupefied director. 169 00:10:20.639 --> 00:10:23.840 The bishop cast a glance around the apartment and seemed 170 00:10:23.840 --> 00:10:27.320 to be taking measures and calculations with his eyes. It 171 00:10:27.360 --> 00:10:30.320 would hold full twenty beds, said he, as though speaking 172 00:10:30.360 --> 00:10:35.039 to himself. Then raising his voice, hold, Monsieur, the director 173 00:10:35.039 --> 00:10:37.320 of the hospital. I will tell you something. There is 174 00:10:37.360 --> 00:10:40.200 evidently a mistake here. There are thirty six of you 175 00:10:40.320 --> 00:10:43.000 in five or six small rooms. There are three of 176 00:10:43.080 --> 00:10:45.720 us here, and we have room for sixty. There is 177 00:10:45.720 --> 00:10:48.159 some mistake. I tell you you have my house and 178 00:10:48.240 --> 00:10:50.720 I have yours. Give me back my house. You are 179 00:10:50.759 --> 00:10:54.039 at home here. On the following day, the thirty six 180 00:10:54.120 --> 00:10:56.799 patients were installed in the bishop's palace and the bishop 181 00:10:56.879 --> 00:11:00.799 was settled in the hospital. Monsieur Briel had no property, 182 00:11:01.200 --> 00:11:04.360 his family having been ruined by the revolution. His sister 183 00:11:04.480 --> 00:11:07.200 was in receipt of a yearly income of five hundred francs, 184 00:11:07.519 --> 00:11:11.120 which sufficed for her personal wants. At the vicarage. Monsieur 185 00:11:11.159 --> 00:11:14.360 Muriel received from the state in his quality of bishop 186 00:11:14.480 --> 00:11:17.840 a salary of fifteen thousand francs. On the very day 187 00:11:17.879 --> 00:11:20.159 when he took up his abode in the hospital, Monsieur 188 00:11:20.240 --> 00:11:23.399 Muriel settled on the disposition of this sum once for all. 189 00:11:23.559 --> 00:11:26.720 In the following manner we transcribe here a note made 190 00:11:26.720 --> 00:11:30.399 by his own hand, note on the regulation of my 191 00:11:30.440 --> 00:11:36.440 household expenses for the Little Seminary one thousand, five hundred livres, 192 00:11:36.840 --> 00:11:41.360 Society of the Mission, one hundred livres for the Lazarus 193 00:11:41.360 --> 00:11:46.200 of Mondidier one hundred livres, Seminary for Foreign Missions in 194 00:11:46.279 --> 00:11:51.320 Paris two hundred livres. Congregation of the Holy Spirit one 195 00:11:51.399 --> 00:11:56.320 hundred fifty livres. Religious Establishments of the Holy Land one 196 00:11:56.440 --> 00:12:03.440 hundred livres, Charitable Maternity Society, three hundred livres extra for 197 00:12:03.519 --> 00:12:08.759 that of Arles, fifty livres. Work for the amelioration of prisons, 198 00:12:09.200 --> 00:12:13.519 four hundred livres, work for the relief and delivery of prisoners, 199 00:12:14.000 --> 00:12:18.799 five hundred livre to liberate fathers of families incarcerated for 200 00:12:18.919 --> 00:12:23.200 debt one thousand livres addition to the salary of the 201 00:12:23.200 --> 00:12:27.840 poor Teachers of the Diocese two thousand livres. Public Granary 202 00:12:27.879 --> 00:12:32.360 of the Haute Alp one hundred livres. Congregation of the 203 00:12:32.440 --> 00:12:36.240 ladies of Digne, of Manosque and of Sisteron for the 204 00:12:36.279 --> 00:12:40.360 gratuitous instruction of poor girls one thousand, five hundred livres 205 00:12:41.200 --> 00:12:45.559 for the poor six thousand livre my personal expenses one 206 00:12:45.600 --> 00:12:51.320 thousand livre. Total fifteen thousand livre. Monsieur Miriel made no 207 00:12:51.399 --> 00:12:53.759 change in this arrangement during the entire period that he 208 00:12:53.840 --> 00:12:57.600 occupied the Sea of Digne. As has been seen, he 209 00:12:57.639 --> 00:13:02.200 called it regulating his household expenses. This arrangement was accepted 210 00:13:02.240 --> 00:13:06.960 with absolute submission by Mademoiselle Baptistine. This holy woman regarded 211 00:13:07.000 --> 00:13:09.639 Monseigneur of Digna as at one and the same time 212 00:13:09.720 --> 00:13:12.879 her brother and her bishop, her friend according to the flesh, 213 00:13:13.000 --> 00:13:16.480 and her superior according to the church. She simply loved 214 00:13:16.519 --> 00:13:20.159 and venerated him. When he spoke, she bowed when he acted. 215 00:13:20.360 --> 00:13:24.919 She yield her adherents. Their only servant, Madame Marglois, grumbled 216 00:13:24.960 --> 00:13:27.840 a little. It will be observed that Monsieur the Bishop 217 00:13:27.960 --> 00:13:31.639 had reserved for himself only one thousand livres, which added 218 00:13:31.679 --> 00:13:36.039 to the pension of Mademoiselle Baptistine, made fifteen hundred francs 219 00:13:36.039 --> 00:13:39.600 a year. On these fifteen hundred francs, these two old 220 00:13:39.639 --> 00:13:43.639 women and the old man subsisted, and when a village 221 00:13:43.679 --> 00:13:46.559 curate came to Dina, the bishops still found means to 222 00:13:46.679 --> 00:13:50.399 entertain him, thanks to the severe economy of Madame Maglois 223 00:13:50.440 --> 00:13:55.799 and to the intelligent administration of Mademoiselle Baptistine. One day, 224 00:13:55.960 --> 00:13:58.240 after he had been in Dina about three months, the 225 00:13:58.240 --> 00:14:01.279 bishop said, and still I am quite cramped with it 226 00:14:01.320 --> 00:14:06.120 all I should think so, exclaimed Madame Magois. Monseigneur has 227 00:14:06.200 --> 00:14:08.639 not even claimed the allowance which the Department owes him 228 00:14:08.639 --> 00:14:10.679 for the expense of his carriage in town and for 229 00:14:10.759 --> 00:14:14.039 his journeys about the diocese. It was customary for bishops 230 00:14:14.080 --> 00:14:17.200 in the former days. Hold cried the bishop. You are 231 00:14:17.279 --> 00:14:21.039 quite right, Madame Magloire, and he made his demand. Some 232 00:14:21.200 --> 00:14:24.399 time afterwards, the General Council took this demand under consideration 233 00:14:24.559 --> 00:14:27.200 and voted him an annual sum of three thousand francs 234 00:14:27.279 --> 00:14:30.960 under this heading allowance to Monseigneur the Bishop for expenses 235 00:14:30.960 --> 00:14:34.399 of carriage, expenses of posting, and expenses of pastoral visits. 236 00:14:35.200 --> 00:14:38.200 This provoked a great outcry among the local burgesses, and 237 00:14:38.240 --> 00:14:40.679 a senator of the Empire, a former member of the 238 00:14:40.720 --> 00:14:43.759 Council and of the five hundred, which favored the eighteen Brumaire, 239 00:14:44.320 --> 00:14:47.240 and who was provided with a magnificent senatorial office in 240 00:14:47.279 --> 00:14:49.960 the vicinity of the town of Digne, wrote to Monsieur 241 00:14:50.000 --> 00:14:53.919 Bijos de Pree Migneux, the Minister of Public Worship, a 242 00:14:54.039 --> 00:14:56.919 very angry and confidential note on the subject, from which 243 00:14:56.960 --> 00:15:01.519 we extract these authentic lines. Expenses of carriage, what can 244 00:15:01.559 --> 00:15:03.200 be done with it in a town of less than 245 00:15:03.200 --> 00:15:06.840 four thousand inhabitants. Expenses of journeys, what is the use 246 00:15:06.879 --> 00:15:09.919 of these trips in the first place? Next, how can 247 00:15:09.960 --> 00:15:12.559 the posting be accomplished in these mountainous parts? There are 248 00:15:12.600 --> 00:15:16.120 no roads. No one travels otherwise than on horseback. Even 249 00:15:16.159 --> 00:15:19.679 the bridge between Durance and Chateau Arnou can barely support 250 00:15:19.679 --> 00:15:23.639 ox teams. These priests are all thus greedy and avaricious. 251 00:15:23.879 --> 00:15:26.000 This man played the good priest when he first came. 252 00:15:26.320 --> 00:15:28.440 Now he does like the rest. He must have a 253 00:15:28.480 --> 00:15:31.279 carriage and a posting chaise. He must have luxuries like 254 00:15:31.320 --> 00:15:34.759 the bishops of the olden days. Ough all this priesthood, 255 00:15:34.919 --> 00:15:37.559 things will not go well, Monsieur le Comte, until the 256 00:15:37.559 --> 00:15:40.600 Emperor has freed us from these black capped rascals down 257 00:15:40.639 --> 00:15:43.480 with the pope. Matters were getting embroiled with Rome. 258 00:15:44.080 --> 00:15:45.000 For my part, I. 259 00:15:44.960 --> 00:15:49.519 Am for Caesar alone, et cetera, et cetera. On the 260 00:15:49.519 --> 00:15:53.600 other hand, this affair afforded great delight to Madame Maguire good, 261 00:15:53.759 --> 00:15:57.960 said she to Mademoiselle Baptistine. Monseigneur began with other people, 262 00:15:58.240 --> 00:16:00.639 but he has had to wind up with himself. After all, 263 00:16:01.159 --> 00:16:04.120 he has regulated all his charities. Now Here are three 264 00:16:04.200 --> 00:16:07.840 thousand francs for us. At last, that same evening, the 265 00:16:07.879 --> 00:16:10.519 bishop wrote out and handed to his sister a memorandum 266 00:16:10.600 --> 00:16:15.000 conceived in the following terms. Expenses of carriage and circuit, 267 00:16:16.039 --> 00:16:18.559 for furnishing meat soup to the patients in the hospital, 268 00:16:18.720 --> 00:16:22.679 one thousand, five hundred livres for the Maternity Charitable Society 269 00:16:22.720 --> 00:16:27.159 of Ikes, two hundred fifty livres for the Maternity Charitable 270 00:16:27.159 --> 00:16:32.240 Society of Draguignan, two hundred fifty livres for foundlings, five 271 00:16:32.320 --> 00:16:38.279 hundred livre for orphans five hundred livre. Total three thousand livres. 272 00:16:39.600 --> 00:16:44.720 Such was Monsieur Mirieu's budget, as for the chance episcopal perposites, 273 00:16:45.240 --> 00:16:49.720 the fees for marriage bands, dispensations, private baptisms, sermons, benedictions 274 00:16:49.840 --> 00:16:53.519 of churches or chapels, marriages, et cetera. The bishop levied 275 00:16:53.559 --> 00:16:55.759 them on the wealthy, with all the more asperity since 276 00:16:55.799 --> 00:16:59.320 he bestowed them on the needy. After a time, offerings 277 00:16:59.360 --> 00:17:02.159 of money flowed in. Those who had, and those who 278 00:17:02.240 --> 00:17:05.880 lacked knocked at Monsieur Meuriell's door, the latter in search 279 00:17:05.920 --> 00:17:08.640 of the alms which the former came to deposit. In 280 00:17:08.720 --> 00:17:10.880 less than a year, the bishop had become the treasurer 281 00:17:10.960 --> 00:17:13.960 of all benevolence and the cashier of all those in distress. 282 00:17:14.759 --> 00:17:17.759 Considerable sums of money passed through his hands, but nothing 283 00:17:17.759 --> 00:17:19.920 could induce him to make any change whatever in his 284 00:17:20.039 --> 00:17:23.599 mode of life, or add anything superfluous to his bare necessities. 285 00:17:24.039 --> 00:17:27.279 Far from it, as there is always more wretchedness below 286 00:17:27.359 --> 00:17:29.960 than there is brotherhood above. All was given away, so 287 00:17:30.039 --> 00:17:33.279 to speak, before it was received. It was like water 288 00:17:33.359 --> 00:17:36.160 on dry soil. No matter how much money he received, 289 00:17:36.200 --> 00:17:40.720 he never had any. Then he stripped himself. The usage 290 00:17:40.720 --> 00:17:43.559 being that bishops shall announce their baptismal names at the 291 00:17:43.559 --> 00:17:46.279 head of their charges and their pastoral letters. The poor 292 00:17:46.319 --> 00:17:48.480 people of the countryside had selected with a sort of 293 00:17:48.519 --> 00:17:51.880 affectionate instinct among the names and prenomins of their bishop 294 00:17:52.400 --> 00:17:54.519 that which had a meaning for them, and they never 295 00:17:54.559 --> 00:17:59.759 called him anything except Monseigneur bienvenue welcome. We will follow 296 00:17:59.799 --> 00:18:02.400 their example and will also call him thus when we 297 00:18:02.440 --> 00:18:06.880 have occasion to name him. Moreover, this appellation pleased him. 298 00:18:07.200 --> 00:18:09.960 I like that name, said he. Bien venue makes up 299 00:18:10.000 --> 00:18:13.519 for the monseigneur. We do not claim that the portrait 300 00:18:13.559 --> 00:18:16.880 herewith presented is probable. We confine ourselves to stating that 301 00:18:16.920 --> 00:18:22.759 it resembles the original end of book one, Chapter two, Book. 302 00:18:22.519 --> 00:18:25.759 One A just man, Chapter three A hard bishop bric 303 00:18:26.000 --> 00:18:28.920 for a good bishop. The bishop did not omit his 304 00:18:29.000 --> 00:18:32.359 pastoral visits because he had converted his carriage into alms. 305 00:18:32.799 --> 00:18:36.240 The diocese of Digny is a fatiguing one. There are 306 00:18:36.440 --> 00:18:39.920 very few plains and a great many mountains, hardly any roads, 307 00:18:39.960 --> 00:18:44.559 as we have just seen, thirty two curacies, forty one vicarships, 308 00:18:44.559 --> 00:18:48.359 and two hundred and eighty five auxiliary chapels. To visit 309 00:18:48.359 --> 00:18:51.680 all these is quite a task. The bishop managed to 310 00:18:51.680 --> 00:18:53.880 do it. He went on foot when it was in 311 00:18:53.880 --> 00:18:56.680 the neighborhood, in a tilted spring cart when it was 312 00:18:56.720 --> 00:18:59.400 on the plain, and on a donkey in the mountains. 313 00:18:59.759 --> 00:19:02.759 The two old women accompanied him. When the trip was 314 00:19:02.799 --> 00:19:05.920 too hard for them, he went alone. One day he 315 00:19:06.039 --> 00:19:10.359 arrived at Sennies, which is an ancient episcopal city. He 316 00:19:10.440 --> 00:19:13.000 was mounted on an ass. His purse, which was very 317 00:19:13.079 --> 00:19:16.480 dry at the moment, did not permit him any other equipage. 318 00:19:16.880 --> 00:19:19.000 The mayor of the town came to receive him at 319 00:19:19.000 --> 00:19:21.079 the gate of the town and watched him dismount from 320 00:19:21.079 --> 00:19:25.160 his ass with scandalized eyes. Some of the citizens were 321 00:19:25.200 --> 00:19:28.960 laughing around him. Monsieur, the mayor said the bishop and 322 00:19:29.119 --> 00:19:32.559 may sure, citizens, I perceive that I shock you. You think 323 00:19:32.640 --> 00:19:34.920 it very arrogant in a poor priest to ride an 324 00:19:34.960 --> 00:19:38.400 animal which was used by Jesus Christ. I have done 325 00:19:38.400 --> 00:19:41.559 so from necessity, I assure you, and not from vanity. 326 00:19:42.359 --> 00:19:45.359 In the course of these trips he was kind and indulgent, 327 00:19:45.599 --> 00:19:48.920 and talked rather than preached. He never went far in 328 00:19:48.960 --> 00:19:52.119 search of his arguments and his examples. He quoted to 329 00:19:52.119 --> 00:19:55.000 the inhabitants of one district the example of a neighboring 330 00:19:55.039 --> 00:19:58.480 district in the Cantons, where they were harsh to the poor. 331 00:19:58.559 --> 00:20:01.839 He said, look at the people of Brianclhan. They have 332 00:20:01.920 --> 00:20:04.839 conferred on the poor, on widows and orphans the right 333 00:20:05.039 --> 00:20:07.559 to have their meadows mown three days in advance of 334 00:20:07.599 --> 00:20:11.319 every one else. They rebuild their houses for them gratuitously 335 00:20:11.720 --> 00:20:14.720 when they are ruined. Therefore, it is a country which 336 00:20:14.799 --> 00:20:17.400 is blessed by God. For a whole century there has 337 00:20:17.440 --> 00:20:21.279 not been a single murderer among them in the villages 338 00:20:21.720 --> 00:20:25.319 which were greedy for prophet and harvest. He said, look 339 00:20:25.359 --> 00:20:28.359 at the people of Embron. If at the harvest season 340 00:20:28.599 --> 00:20:30.680 the father of the family has his son away on 341 00:20:30.759 --> 00:20:33.559 service in the army, and his daughters at service in 342 00:20:33.640 --> 00:20:36.960 the town, And if he is ill and incapacitated, the 343 00:20:37.039 --> 00:20:39.839 curate recommends him to the prayers of the congregation. And 344 00:20:39.920 --> 00:20:44.079 on Sunday after the Mass, all the inhabitants of the village, men, 345 00:20:44.200 --> 00:20:47.519 women and children go to the poor man's field and 346 00:20:47.599 --> 00:20:50.519 do his harvesting for him, and carry his straw and 347 00:20:50.599 --> 00:20:54.440 his grain to his granary. To families divided by questions 348 00:20:54.440 --> 00:20:57.640 of money and inheritance, he said, look at the mountaineers 349 00:20:57.640 --> 00:21:00.759 of Devolny, a country so wild that the nightingale is 350 00:21:00.799 --> 00:21:04.440 not heard. There are once in fifty years. Well, when 351 00:21:04.480 --> 00:21:07.079 the father of the family dies, the boys go off 352 00:21:07.119 --> 00:21:10.599 to seek their fortunes, leaving the property to the girls 353 00:21:10.640 --> 00:21:13.759 so that they may find husbands. To the cantons, which 354 00:21:13.839 --> 00:21:16.839 had of taste for lawsuits, and where the farmers ruined 355 00:21:16.839 --> 00:21:20.200 themselves in stamped paper, he said, look at those good 356 00:21:20.319 --> 00:21:23.920 peasants in the valley of Kaira's. There are three thousand 357 00:21:24.000 --> 00:21:27.559 souls of them Mondeux. It is like a little republic. 358 00:21:28.240 --> 00:21:31.119 Neither judge nor bailiff is known there. The mayor does 359 00:21:31.200 --> 00:21:35.839 everything he lets. The imposts taxes each person conscientiously, judges 360 00:21:35.920 --> 00:21:41.519 quarrels for nothing, divides inheritances without charge, pronounces sentences gratuitously, 361 00:21:41.799 --> 00:21:44.319 and he has obeyed because he is a just man 362 00:21:44.359 --> 00:21:48.000 among simple men. To villages where he found no schoolmaster, 363 00:21:48.079 --> 00:21:51.240 he quoted once more, the people of Kaira's. Do you 364 00:21:51.319 --> 00:21:54.079 know how they manage? He said, since a little country 365 00:21:54.119 --> 00:21:57.559 of a dozen or fifteen hearts cannot always support a teacher, 366 00:21:58.160 --> 00:22:00.640 they have schoolmasters who are paid by the whole valley, 367 00:22:00.920 --> 00:22:03.160 who make the round of the villages, spending a week 368 00:22:03.200 --> 00:22:06.359 in one ten days in that, and instruct them. These 369 00:22:06.440 --> 00:22:09.640 teachers go to the fairs. I've seen them there. They 370 00:22:09.680 --> 00:22:11.839 are to be recognized by the quill pens, which they 371 00:22:11.880 --> 00:22:14.400 wear in the court of their hat. Those who teach 372 00:22:14.480 --> 00:22:17.480 reading only have one pen. Those who teach reading and 373 00:22:17.559 --> 00:22:20.799 reckoning have two pins. Those who teach reading, reckoning and 374 00:22:20.880 --> 00:22:24.559 Latin have three pins. But what a disgrace to be ignorant. 375 00:22:25.039 --> 00:22:28.680 Do like the people of Chiras. Thus he discoursed gravely 376 00:22:28.720 --> 00:22:32.799 and paternally. In default of examples. He invented parables going 377 00:22:32.839 --> 00:22:36.359 directly to the point, with few phrases and many images, 378 00:22:36.400 --> 00:22:40.240 which characteristic form the real eloquence of Jesus Christ. And 379 00:22:40.480 --> 00:22:44.920 being convinced himself, he was persuasive. End of Book one, 380 00:22:45.039 --> 00:22:46.240 Chapter three. 381 00:22:46.200 --> 00:22:52.599 Book one A Just Man, Chapter four works corresponding to words. 382 00:22:53.680 --> 00:22:57.440 His conversation was gay and affable. He put himself on 383 00:22:57.480 --> 00:22:59.440 a level with the two old women who had passed 384 00:22:59.440 --> 00:23:03.119 to their lives beside him. When he laughed, it was 385 00:23:03.160 --> 00:23:06.519 the laugh of a schoolboy. Madame Magliori used to call 386 00:23:06.599 --> 00:23:09.519 him your grace. One day he rose from his arm 387 00:23:09.599 --> 00:23:11.920 chair and went to his library in search of a book. 388 00:23:12.440 --> 00:23:15.200 This book was on one of the upper shelves. As 389 00:23:15.240 --> 00:23:17.559 the bishop was rather short of stature, he could not 390 00:23:17.680 --> 00:23:21.480 reach it. Madame Magliore said, he fetch me a chair. 391 00:23:21.880 --> 00:23:24.400 My greatness does not reach as far as that shelf. 392 00:23:25.240 --> 00:23:29.640 One of his distant relatives, Madame Lacturs, stood low, rarely 393 00:23:29.680 --> 00:23:33.319 allowed an opportunity to escape of enumerting in his presence 394 00:23:33.799 --> 00:23:38.200 what she designated as the expectations of her three sons. 395 00:23:38.839 --> 00:23:41.519 She had numerous relatives who were very old and near 396 00:23:41.599 --> 00:23:44.680 to death, and of whom her sons were the natural heirs. 397 00:23:45.240 --> 00:23:47.440 The youngest of the three was to receive from a 398 00:23:47.480 --> 00:23:51.759 great aunt a good hundred thousand livres of income. The 399 00:23:51.880 --> 00:23:54.240 second was the heir by entail to the title of 400 00:23:54.279 --> 00:23:57.559 the Duke his uncle. The eldest, was to succeed to 401 00:23:57.599 --> 00:24:01.240 the peerage of his grandfather. The Bishop was accustomed to 402 00:24:01.240 --> 00:24:05.160 listen in silence to these innocent and pardonable maternal boasts. 403 00:24:05.559 --> 00:24:08.519 On one occasion, however, he appeared to be more thoughtful 404 00:24:08.519 --> 00:24:12.440 than usual. While Madame delou was relating once again the 405 00:24:12.440 --> 00:24:18.039 details of all these inheritances and all these expectations, she 406 00:24:18.079 --> 00:24:22.640 interrupted herself impatiently. Mon Dieu cousin, what are you thinking about? 407 00:24:23.440 --> 00:24:26.480 I am thinking, replied the Bishop of a singular remark, 408 00:24:26.519 --> 00:24:28.920 which is to be found. I believe in Saint Augustine 409 00:24:29.319 --> 00:24:31.440 placed your hopes in the man from whom you do 410 00:24:31.519 --> 00:24:32.400 not inherit. 411 00:24:34.000 --> 00:24:35.039 At another time. 412 00:24:34.880 --> 00:24:37.759 On receiving a notification of the decease of a gentleman 413 00:24:37.839 --> 00:24:40.920 of the countryside, wherein not only the dignities of the 414 00:24:40.960 --> 00:24:44.400 dead man, but also the futile and noble qualifications of 415 00:24:44.440 --> 00:24:48.319 all his relatives spread over an entire page. What a 416 00:24:48.480 --> 00:24:52.200 stout back death has, he exclaimed, What a strange burden 417 00:24:52.240 --> 00:24:55.440 of titles is cheerfully imposed on him? And how much 418 00:24:55.480 --> 00:24:58.359 wit must men have in order thus to press the 419 00:24:58.400 --> 00:25:02.240 tomb into the service of vanity. He was gifted on 420 00:25:02.240 --> 00:25:05.839 occasion with a gentle raillery, which almost always concealed a 421 00:25:05.960 --> 00:25:09.200 serious meaning. In the course of one lant, a youthful 422 00:25:09.279 --> 00:25:13.319 vicar came to d and preached in the cathedral. He 423 00:25:13.400 --> 00:25:17.279 was tolerably eloquent. The subject of his sermon was charity. 424 00:25:17.839 --> 00:25:20.119 He urged the rich to give to the poor in 425 00:25:20.279 --> 00:25:23.039 order to avoid hell, which he depicted in the most 426 00:25:23.160 --> 00:25:26.559 frightful manner of which he was capable, and to win paradise, 427 00:25:26.759 --> 00:25:31.960 which he represented as charming and desirable. Among the audience 428 00:25:32.000 --> 00:25:34.440 there was a wealthy, retired merchant who was somewhat of 429 00:25:34.480 --> 00:25:39.039 a usurer named Monsieur Gaberon, who had amassed two millions 430 00:25:39.079 --> 00:25:43.160 in the manufacturer of coarse cloth surges and woolen galloons. 431 00:25:43.799 --> 00:25:47.440 Never in his whole life had Monsieur Gaberond bestowed alms 432 00:25:47.680 --> 00:25:51.319 on any poor wretch. After the delivery of that sermon, 433 00:25:51.400 --> 00:25:54.079 it was observed that he gave a sou every Sunday 434 00:25:54.440 --> 00:25:56.640 to the poor old beggar women at the door of 435 00:25:56.680 --> 00:25:59.400 the cathedral. There were six of them to share it. 436 00:26:00.079 --> 00:26:02.000 One day the bishop caught sight of him in the 437 00:26:02.039 --> 00:26:04.519 act of bestowing the charity, and said to his sister 438 00:26:04.599 --> 00:26:08.400 with a smile, there is Monsieur Gaberond purchasing paradise for 439 00:26:08.480 --> 00:26:12.079 a zous. When it was a question of charity, he 440 00:26:12.200 --> 00:26:15.400 was not to be rebuffed even by refusal, and on 441 00:26:15.440 --> 00:26:18.839 such occasions he gave utterance to remarks which induced reflection. 442 00:26:19.720 --> 00:26:21.799 Once he was begging for the poor, and a drawing 443 00:26:21.880 --> 00:26:25.920 room of the town there was present the Marquis de Champontersiers, 444 00:26:26.680 --> 00:26:29.920 a wealthy and avaricious old man who contrived to be 445 00:26:30.079 --> 00:26:33.400 at one and the same time an ultra royalist and 446 00:26:33.640 --> 00:26:37.920 an ultra voltarian. This variety of man has actually existed 447 00:26:39.440 --> 00:26:41.559 when the bishop came to him. He touched his arm. 448 00:26:42.119 --> 00:26:45.440 You must give me something, monsieur le marquis. The marquis 449 00:26:45.480 --> 00:26:48.319 turned round and answered dryly, I have poor people of 450 00:26:48.359 --> 00:26:51.079 my own, Monseigneur, give them to me. 451 00:26:51.400 --> 00:26:52.279 Replied the Bishop. 452 00:26:53.720 --> 00:26:56.640 One day he preached the following sermon in the cathedral. 453 00:26:57.279 --> 00:27:01.079 My very dear brethren, my good friends, there are thirteen 454 00:27:01.160 --> 00:27:04.880 hundred and twenty thousand peasants dwellings in France which have 455 00:27:05.039 --> 00:27:09.640 but three openings, eighteen hundred and seventeen thousand hovels which 456 00:27:09.640 --> 00:27:13.880 have but two openings, the door and one window, and 457 00:27:14.039 --> 00:27:18.000 three hundred and forty six thousands cabins besides, which have 458 00:27:18.119 --> 00:27:21.759 but one opening, the door. And this arises from a 459 00:27:21.799 --> 00:27:24.519 thing which is called the tax on doors and windows. 460 00:27:25.400 --> 00:27:28.480 Just put poor families, old women and little children in 461 00:27:28.519 --> 00:27:32.119 those buildings, and behold the fevers and maladies which result 462 00:27:32.640 --> 00:27:36.359 Alas God gives air to men, the law sells it 463 00:27:36.400 --> 00:27:39.240 to them. I do not blame the law, but I 464 00:27:39.319 --> 00:27:43.039 bless God. In the department of the East, are in 465 00:27:43.119 --> 00:27:46.000 the var In the due departments of the Alps, the 466 00:27:46.000 --> 00:27:49.759 Oat and the Bass, the peasants do not have even whalebarrows. 467 00:27:50.079 --> 00:27:52.960 They transport their manure on the backs of men. They 468 00:27:53.000 --> 00:27:55.799 have no candles, and they burn resinous sticks and bits 469 00:27:55.799 --> 00:27:58.680 of rope dipped in pitch. This is the state of 470 00:27:58.680 --> 00:28:03.200 affairs throughout the of the hilly country of Dauphine. They 471 00:28:03.240 --> 00:28:06.240 make bread for six months at one time. They bake 472 00:28:06.319 --> 00:28:09.319 it with dried cow dung. In the winter they break 473 00:28:09.319 --> 00:28:11.240 the spread up with an axe and they soak it 474 00:28:11.279 --> 00:28:14.359 for twenty four hours in order to render it eatable. 475 00:28:15.119 --> 00:28:18.960 My brethren have pity. Behold the suffering on all sides 476 00:28:19.000 --> 00:28:23.720 of you. Born a provincial, he easily familiarized himself with 477 00:28:23.759 --> 00:28:27.519 the dialect of the South. He said on bei mususe 478 00:28:27.759 --> 00:28:32.599 sage as in the lower Langa, duke ante anaras passa 479 00:28:32.759 --> 00:28:38.720 as in Basal puerte abu nun muto ambei ambu nun 480 00:28:38.759 --> 00:28:42.880 fromage grass as in Upper Dauphine. This pleased the people 481 00:28:43.000 --> 00:28:46.480 extremely and contributed not a little to win him access 482 00:28:46.519 --> 00:28:49.480 to all spirits. He was perfectly at home in the 483 00:28:49.559 --> 00:28:52.920 thatched cottage and in the mountains. He understood how to 484 00:28:52.960 --> 00:28:57.079 say the grandest things in the most vulgar vidioms. As 485 00:28:57.119 --> 00:29:01.680 he spoke all tongues, he entered into all hearts. Moreover, 486 00:29:01.759 --> 00:29:03.720 he was the same towards people of the world, and 487 00:29:03.759 --> 00:29:07.200 towards the lower classes. He condemned nothing in haste, and 488 00:29:07.240 --> 00:29:12.039 without taking circumstances into account. He said, examine the road 489 00:29:12.039 --> 00:29:15.839 over which the fault has passed. Being, as he described 490 00:29:15.880 --> 00:29:18.720 himself with a smile, an ex sinner, he had none 491 00:29:18.759 --> 00:29:21.599 of the asperities of austerity, and he professed with a 492 00:29:21.640 --> 00:29:24.480 good deal of distinctness, and without the frown of the 493 00:29:24.519 --> 00:29:28.359 ferociously virtuous. A doctrine which may be summed up as follows. 494 00:29:30.119 --> 00:29:32.440 Man has upon him his flesh, which is at once 495 00:29:32.519 --> 00:29:35.640 his burden and his temptation. He drags it with him 496 00:29:35.640 --> 00:29:38.319 and yields to it. He must watch it, cheek it, 497 00:29:38.640 --> 00:29:41.759 repress it, and obey it only at the last extremity. 498 00:29:42.200 --> 00:29:44.920 There may be some fault even in this obedience. But 499 00:29:45.000 --> 00:29:47.920 the faults thus committed is venial. It is a fall, 500 00:29:48.240 --> 00:29:50.759 but a fall on the knees, which may terminate in prayer. 501 00:29:52.039 --> 00:29:54.240 To be a saint is the exception. To be an 502 00:29:54.279 --> 00:29:57.920 upright man is the rule air fall sin. If you 503 00:29:58.039 --> 00:30:01.920 will but be upright, the least possible sin is the 504 00:30:02.000 --> 00:30:04.559 law of man. No sin at all is the dream 505 00:30:04.599 --> 00:30:08.240 of the angel. All which is terrestrial is subject to sin. 506 00:30:08.640 --> 00:30:12.559 Sin is a gravitation. When he saw every one exclaiming 507 00:30:12.680 --> 00:30:16.279 very loudly and growing angry very quickly, Oh oh, he said, 508 00:30:16.279 --> 00:30:18.920 with a smile to all appearance, this is a great 509 00:30:18.960 --> 00:30:22.880 crime which all the world commits. These are hypocrisies which 510 00:30:22.920 --> 00:30:25.799 have taken fright and are in haste to make protest 511 00:30:25.880 --> 00:30:30.559 and put themselves under shelter. He was indulgent towards women 512 00:30:30.599 --> 00:30:34.240 and poor people, on whom the burden of human society rest. 513 00:30:35.039 --> 00:30:38.200 He said. The faults of women, of children, of the feeble, 514 00:30:38.319 --> 00:30:41.480 the indigent, and the ignorant are the faults of the husbands, 515 00:30:41.519 --> 00:30:45.000 the fathers, the masters, the strong, the rich, and the wise. 516 00:30:46.400 --> 00:30:49.119 He said. Moreover, teach those who are ignorant as many 517 00:30:49.160 --> 00:30:52.720 things as possible. Society is culpable in that it does 518 00:30:52.720 --> 00:30:56.359 not afford instruction. Goddess, it is responsible for the night 519 00:30:56.400 --> 00:31:00.279 which it produces. This soul is full of shadow. Sin 520 00:31:00.400 --> 00:31:03.640 is therein committed. The guilty one is not the person 521 00:31:03.640 --> 00:31:06.119 who has committed the sin, but the person who has 522 00:31:06.160 --> 00:31:09.559 created the shadow. It will be perceived that he had 523 00:31:09.559 --> 00:31:13.000 a peculiar manner of his own of judging things. I 524 00:31:13.079 --> 00:31:17.440 suspect that he obtained it from the gospel. One day 525 00:31:17.480 --> 00:31:19.920 he heard a criminal case which was in preparation and 526 00:31:20.000 --> 00:31:22.799 on the point of trial, discussed in a drawing room. 527 00:31:23.160 --> 00:31:25.680 A wretched man, being at the end of his resources, 528 00:31:26.000 --> 00:31:28.640 had coined counterfeit money out of love for a woman 529 00:31:28.920 --> 00:31:30.720 and for the child which he had had by her. 530 00:31:31.279 --> 00:31:33.359 Counterfeiting was still punishable with death. 531 00:31:33.359 --> 00:31:34.119 At that epoch. 532 00:31:34.880 --> 00:31:37.359 The woman had been arrested in the act of passing 533 00:31:37.400 --> 00:31:40.720 the first false peace made by the man. She was held, 534 00:31:40.839 --> 00:31:44.240 but there were no proofs except against her. She alone 535 00:31:44.279 --> 00:31:47.079 could accuse her lover and destroy him by her confession. 536 00:31:47.720 --> 00:31:53.000 She denied, they insisted, she persisted in her denial. Thereupon 537 00:31:53.039 --> 00:31:56.119 an idea occurred to the attorney of the crowd. He 538 00:31:56.200 --> 00:31:58.880 invented an infidelity on the part of the lover, and 539 00:31:58.920 --> 00:32:03.039 succeeded by means of fragments of letters cunningly represented in 540 00:32:03.119 --> 00:32:06.559 persuading the unfortunate woman that she had arrival and that 541 00:32:06.680 --> 00:32:11.599 the man was deceiving her. Thereupon, exasperated by jealousy, she 542 00:32:11.720 --> 00:32:16.960 denounced her lover, confessed, all proved all the man was ruined. 543 00:32:17.200 --> 00:32:20.119 He was shortly to be tried at aches with his accomplice. 544 00:32:20.640 --> 00:32:23.359 They were relating the matter, and each one was expressing 545 00:32:23.640 --> 00:32:28.559 enthusiasm over the cleverness of the magistrate. By bringing jealousy 546 00:32:28.559 --> 00:32:31.200 into play, he had caused the truth to burst forth 547 00:32:31.240 --> 00:32:35.960 in wrath. He had adduced the justice of revenge. Bishop 548 00:32:36.000 --> 00:32:38.799 listened to all of this in silence. When they had finished, 549 00:32:38.839 --> 00:32:41.400 he inquired, where are this man and woman to be 550 00:32:41.480 --> 00:32:44.440 tried at the court of a seas he went on, 551 00:32:44.960 --> 00:32:46.319 and where will the advocate of the. 552 00:32:46.240 --> 00:32:47.039 Crown be tried? 553 00:32:48.160 --> 00:32:51.279 A tragic event occurred at d A man was condemned 554 00:32:51.279 --> 00:32:54.359 to death for murder. He was a wretched fellow, not 555 00:32:54.480 --> 00:32:58.359 exactly educated, not exactly ignorant, who had been a mountebank 556 00:32:58.400 --> 00:33:01.119 at fairs and a writer for the pup The town 557 00:33:01.200 --> 00:33:03.799 took a great interest in the trial. On the eve 558 00:33:03.839 --> 00:33:06.759 of the day fixed for the execution of the condemned man, 559 00:33:07.000 --> 00:33:10.440 the chaplain of the prison fell ill. A priest was 560 00:33:10.480 --> 00:33:12.839 needed to attend to the criminal in his last moments. 561 00:33:14.000 --> 00:33:16.799 They sent for the curee. It seems that he refused 562 00:33:16.839 --> 00:33:19.640 to come, saying, this is no affair of mine. I 563 00:33:19.680 --> 00:33:22.279 have nothing to do with that unpleasant task, and with 564 00:33:22.319 --> 00:33:25.440 that mountebank, I too am ill, and besides, it is 565 00:33:25.519 --> 00:33:28.960 not my place. This reply was reported to the bishop, 566 00:33:29.000 --> 00:33:32.119 who said, Monsieur le Curee is right. It is not 567 00:33:32.160 --> 00:33:36.039 his place, it is mine. He went instantly to the prison, 568 00:33:36.240 --> 00:33:39.359 descended to the cell of the mountebank, called him by name, 569 00:33:39.759 --> 00:33:43.200 took him by the hand, and spoke to him. He 570 00:33:43.240 --> 00:33:46.319 passed the entire day with him, forgetful of food and sleep, 571 00:33:46.839 --> 00:33:49.160 praying to God for the soul of the condemned man, 572 00:33:49.519 --> 00:33:52.519 and praying the condemned man for his own. He told 573 00:33:52.599 --> 00:33:55.480 him the best truths, which were also the most simple. 574 00:33:55.799 --> 00:33:59.519 He was father, brother, friend, He was bishop only to 575 00:33:59.559 --> 00:34:04.519 bless He taught him everything, encouraged and consoled him. The 576 00:34:04.599 --> 00:34:07.400 man was on the point of dying in despair. Death 577 00:34:07.480 --> 00:34:10.000 was an abyss to him. As he stood trembling on 578 00:34:10.119 --> 00:34:13.599 its mournful brink, he recoiled with horror. He was not 579 00:34:13.639 --> 00:34:18.199 sufficiently ignorant to be absolutely indifferent. His condemnation, which had 580 00:34:18.239 --> 00:34:21.320 been a profound shock, had in a manner broken through 581 00:34:21.400 --> 00:34:24.119 here and there that wall which separates us from the 582 00:34:24.159 --> 00:34:28.199 mystery of things, and which we call life. He gazed 583 00:34:28.199 --> 00:34:32.119 incessantly beyond this world through these fatal breeches and beheld 584 00:34:32.199 --> 00:34:36.760 only darkness. The Bishop made him see light. On the 585 00:34:36.800 --> 00:34:39.440 following day, when they came to fetch the unhappy wretch, 586 00:34:39.880 --> 00:34:43.039 the bishop was still there. He followed him and exhibited 587 00:34:43.119 --> 00:34:45.480 himself to the eyes of the crowd in his purple 588 00:34:45.519 --> 00:34:48.920 kmal and in his episcopal cross upon his neck. Side 589 00:34:48.920 --> 00:34:53.280 by side with the criminal, bound with cords, he mounted 590 00:34:53.280 --> 00:34:55.960 the tumbrel with him. He mounted the scaffold with him. 591 00:34:56.480 --> 00:34:59.320 The sufferer, who had been so gloomy and cast down 592 00:34:59.360 --> 00:35:02.960 on the preceding, was radiant. He felt that his soul 593 00:35:03.119 --> 00:35:06.840 was reconciled, and he hoped in God. The Bishop embraced him, 594 00:35:06.920 --> 00:35:09.159 and at the moment when the knife was about to fall, 595 00:35:09.199 --> 00:35:12.239 he said to him, God raises from the dead, him 596 00:35:12.280 --> 00:35:15.719 whom man slays, He whom his brothers have rejected, finds 597 00:35:15.719 --> 00:35:20.079 his father once more. Pray, believe, enter into life. The 598 00:35:20.159 --> 00:35:24.519 Father is there. When he descended from the scaffold, there 599 00:35:24.559 --> 00:35:26.679 was something in his look which made the people draw 600 00:35:26.719 --> 00:35:28.039 aside to let him pass. 601 00:35:28.599 --> 00:35:29.519 They did not know. 602 00:35:29.480 --> 00:35:33.880 Which was most worthy of admiration, his pallor or his serenity. 603 00:35:34.360 --> 00:35:37.159 On his return to the humble dwelling, which he designated 604 00:35:37.199 --> 00:35:40.320 with a smile as his palace. He said to his sister, 605 00:35:40.960 --> 00:35:46.440 I have just officiated pontifically, since the most sublime things 606 00:35:46.480 --> 00:35:49.760 are often those which are the least understood. There were 607 00:35:49.920 --> 00:35:52.239 people in the town who said, when commenting on this 608 00:35:52.360 --> 00:35:56.960 conduct of the bishop, it is affectation. This, however, was 609 00:35:56.960 --> 00:36:00.719 a remark which was confined to the drawing rooms. The populace, 610 00:36:00.719 --> 00:36:04.079 which perceives no jest and holy deeds, was touched and 611 00:36:04.199 --> 00:36:07.320 admired him. As for the bishop, it was a shock 612 00:36:07.400 --> 00:36:09.639 to him to have beheld the guillotine, and it was 613 00:36:09.679 --> 00:36:11.800 a long time before he recovered from it. 614 00:36:12.400 --> 00:36:13.559 In fact, when the. 615 00:36:13.480 --> 00:36:16.880 Scaffold is there, all erected and prepared, it has something 616 00:36:16.920 --> 00:36:20.440 about it which produces hallucination. One may feel a certain 617 00:36:20.480 --> 00:36:23.960 indifference to the death penalty. One may refrain from pronouncing 618 00:36:24.039 --> 00:36:26.880 upon it, from saying yes or no, so long as 619 00:36:26.880 --> 00:36:29.119 one has not seen a guillotine with one's own eyes. 620 00:36:29.920 --> 00:36:33.119 But if one encounters one of them, the shock is violent. 621 00:36:33.480 --> 00:36:35.960 One is forced to decide and to take part for 622 00:36:36.320 --> 00:36:41.320 or against it. Some admire it like demeestra, Others execrate 623 00:36:41.400 --> 00:36:45.480 it like vicaria. The guillotine is the consecration of the law. 624 00:36:45.840 --> 00:36:49.079 It is called vendiicte. It is not neutral, and it 625 00:36:49.119 --> 00:36:52.039 does not permit you to remain neutral. He who sees 626 00:36:52.079 --> 00:36:55.719 it shivers with the most mysterious of shivers. All social 627 00:36:55.760 --> 00:36:59.760 problems erect their interrogation point around this chopping knife. The 628 00:37:00.039 --> 00:37:03.039 scaffold is a vision. The scaffold is not a piece 629 00:37:03.079 --> 00:37:06.719 of carpentry. The scaffold is not a machine. The scaffold 630 00:37:06.760 --> 00:37:09.800 is not an inert piece of mechanism constructed of wood, 631 00:37:09.920 --> 00:37:13.519 iron and chords. It seems as though it were a 632 00:37:13.559 --> 00:37:17.480 being possessed of I know not what somber initiative. One 633 00:37:17.480 --> 00:37:20.760 would say that this piece of carpenter's work saw what 634 00:37:20.880 --> 00:37:25.079 this machine heard, That this mechanism understood, that this wood, 635 00:37:25.159 --> 00:37:28.719 this iron, in these cords were possessed of will. In 636 00:37:28.760 --> 00:37:31.840 the frightful meditation into which its presence casts the soul, 637 00:37:32.280 --> 00:37:35.519 the scaffold appears in terrible guise and as though taking 638 00:37:35.599 --> 00:37:38.360 part in what is going on. The scaffold is the 639 00:37:38.360 --> 00:37:42.400 accomplice of the executioner. It devours, it eats flesh, it 640 00:37:42.440 --> 00:37:46.199 shrinks blood. The scaffold is a sort of monster fabricated 641 00:37:46.199 --> 00:37:49.000 by the judge and the carpenter, a specter which seems 642 00:37:49.000 --> 00:37:51.920 to live with a horrible vitality composed of all the 643 00:37:52.000 --> 00:37:56.639 death which it has inflicted. Therefore, the impression was terrible 644 00:37:56.639 --> 00:37:59.679 and profound. On the day following the execution, and on 645 00:37:59.679 --> 00:38:04.800 minute succeeding days, the bishop appeared to be crushed. The 646 00:38:04.800 --> 00:38:08.679 most violent serenity of the funereal moment had disappeared. The 647 00:38:08.719 --> 00:38:13.239 phantom of social justice tormented him. He who generally returned 648 00:38:13.239 --> 00:38:16.440 from all his deeds with a radiant satisfaction, seemed to 649 00:38:16.440 --> 00:38:19.880 be reproaching himself. At times he talked to himself and 650 00:38:19.960 --> 00:38:24.400 stammered lugubrious monologus in a low voice. This is one 651 00:38:24.400 --> 00:38:27.679 which his sister overheard one evening, and it preserved I 652 00:38:27.760 --> 00:38:30.400 did not think that it was so monstrous. It is 653 00:38:30.519 --> 00:38:33.199 wrong to become absorbed in the divine law to such 654 00:38:33.199 --> 00:38:36.920 a degree as not to perceive human law. Death belongs 655 00:38:36.960 --> 00:38:40.159 to God alone. By what right do men touch that 656 00:38:40.280 --> 00:38:44.760 unknown thing? In course of time, these impressions weakened and 657 00:38:44.800 --> 00:38:49.159 probably vanished. Nevertheless, it was observed that the bishop thenceforth 658 00:38:49.199 --> 00:38:54.119 avoided passing the place of execution. Monsieur Marielle could be 659 00:38:54.159 --> 00:38:56.360 summoned at any hour to the bedside of the sick 660 00:38:56.400 --> 00:38:59.440 and dying. He did not ignore the fact that therein 661 00:38:59.519 --> 00:39:03.239 lay his greatest duty and his greatest labor. Widowed and 662 00:39:03.400 --> 00:39:06.079 orphaned families had no need to summon him. He came 663 00:39:06.119 --> 00:39:09.119 of his own accord. He understood how to sit down 664 00:39:09.159 --> 00:39:11.760 and hold his peace for long hours beside the man 665 00:39:11.840 --> 00:39:14.760 who had lost the wife of his love, of the 666 00:39:14.840 --> 00:39:17.880 mother who had lost her child. As he knew the 667 00:39:17.920 --> 00:39:22.119 moment for silence, he also knew the moment for speech, Oh, 668 00:39:22.199 --> 00:39:26.800 admirable consoler. He sought not to effaced sorrow by forgetfulness, 669 00:39:27.119 --> 00:39:30.440 but to magnify and dignify it by hope. He said, 670 00:39:31.239 --> 00:39:32.920 have not a care of the manner in which you 671 00:39:32.960 --> 00:39:36.119 turned towards the dead, think thought of that which perishes. 672 00:39:36.519 --> 00:39:40.000 Gaze steadily you will perceive the living light of your 673 00:39:40.039 --> 00:39:43.760 well beloved dead in the depths of heaven. He knew 674 00:39:43.760 --> 00:39:46.880 that faith is wholesome. He sought to counsel and calm 675 00:39:46.920 --> 00:39:50.199 the despairing man by pointing out to him the resigned man, 676 00:39:50.519 --> 00:39:53.360 and to transform the grief which gazes upon a grave 677 00:39:53.760 --> 00:39:56.559 by showing him the grief which fixes its gaze upon 678 00:39:56.599 --> 00:40:02.400 a star. End of Book one, Chapter four, Book one 679 00:40:02.599 --> 00:40:07.679 A Just Man, Chapter five Monsieur Piavenu made his cassacks 680 00:40:07.760 --> 00:40:13.079 last two long. The private life of Monsieur Mariel was 681 00:40:13.119 --> 00:40:15.920 filled with the same thoughts as his public life. The 682 00:40:16.000 --> 00:40:19.320 voluntary poverty in which the Bishop of Daniel lived would 683 00:40:19.360 --> 00:40:21.800 have been a solemn and charming sight for any one 684 00:40:21.840 --> 00:40:25.320 who could have viewed it close at hand. Like all 685 00:40:25.360 --> 00:40:27.880 old men, and like the majority of thinkers, he slept 686 00:40:27.880 --> 00:40:31.679 a little. This brief slumber was profound. In the morning, 687 00:40:31.760 --> 00:40:34.840 he meditated for an hour. Then he set his masks, 688 00:40:34.880 --> 00:40:37.599 either at the cathedral or in his own house. His 689 00:40:37.760 --> 00:40:41.119 mast said. He broke his fast on rye bread dipped 690 00:40:41.159 --> 00:40:44.079 in the milk of his own cows. Then he set 691 00:40:44.119 --> 00:40:48.320 to work. A bishop is a very busy man. He 692 00:40:48.400 --> 00:40:51.440 must every day receive the Secretary of the bishopric, who 693 00:40:51.519 --> 00:40:55.000 is generally a cannon, and nearly every day his vicars general. 694 00:40:55.480 --> 00:40:59.239 He has congregations to reprove privileges, to grant a whole 695 00:40:59.280 --> 00:41:05.679 ecclesiastic library, to examine prayer books, diocesan catechisms, book of hours, 696 00:41:05.800 --> 00:41:10.960 et cetera. Charges to write sermons, to authorize cures and mayors, 697 00:41:11.000 --> 00:41:16.800 to reconcile a clerical correspondence, and administrative correspondence on one side, 698 00:41:16.840 --> 00:41:19.639 the State on the other, the Holy See, and a 699 00:41:19.719 --> 00:41:23.639 thousand matters of business. What time was left to him 700 00:41:23.679 --> 00:41:26.800 after these thousand details of business in his offices and 701 00:41:26.840 --> 00:41:30.639 his revery he bestowed first on the necessitus, the sick 702 00:41:30.760 --> 00:41:33.559 and the afflicted. The time which was left to him 703 00:41:33.559 --> 00:41:36.559 from the afflicted, the sick of the necessitus he devoted 704 00:41:36.559 --> 00:41:39.920 to work. Sometimes he dug in his garden again he 705 00:41:40.039 --> 00:41:43.719 read or wrote. He had but one word for both 706 00:41:43.760 --> 00:41:47.239 these kinds of toil. He called them gardening. The mind 707 00:41:47.320 --> 00:41:50.920 is a garden, he said. Towards midday, when the weather 708 00:41:51.079 --> 00:41:53.559 was fine, he went forth and took a stroll in 709 00:41:53.599 --> 00:41:57.880 the country or in town, often entering lowly dwellings. He 710 00:41:57.960 --> 00:42:00.599 was seen walking alone, buried in his own thoughts, his 711 00:42:00.719 --> 00:42:04.639 eyes cast down, supporting himself on his long cane, clad 712 00:42:04.679 --> 00:42:07.960 in his wadded purple garment of silk which was very warm, 713 00:42:08.320 --> 00:42:11.880 wearing purple stockings inside his coarse shoes, and surmounted by 714 00:42:11.920 --> 00:42:14.920 a flat hat which allowed three golden tassels of large 715 00:42:14.920 --> 00:42:18.440 bullion to drop from its three points. It was a 716 00:42:18.440 --> 00:42:21.880 perfect festival. Wherever he appeared, one would have said that 717 00:42:21.960 --> 00:42:24.840 his presence had something warming and luminous about it. The 718 00:42:24.960 --> 00:42:27.000 children and the old people came out to the door 719 00:42:27.079 --> 00:42:29.960 steps for the bishop. As for the sun, he bestowed 720 00:42:29.960 --> 00:42:32.800 his blessing, and they blessed him. They pointed out his 721 00:42:32.880 --> 00:42:34.920 house to any one who was in need of anything. 722 00:42:36.360 --> 00:42:39.039 Here and there he halted accost of the little boys 723 00:42:39.079 --> 00:42:42.119 and girls, and smiled upon the mother's He visited the 724 00:42:42.159 --> 00:42:44.199 poor so long as he had any money. When he 725 00:42:44.239 --> 00:42:47.760 no longer had any, he visited the rich as he 726 00:42:47.800 --> 00:42:50.159 made his cassocks last a long while, and did not 727 00:42:50.239 --> 00:42:52.480 wish to have it noticed. He never went out in 728 00:42:52.519 --> 00:42:56.280 the town without his wadded purple cloak. This inconvenienced him 729 00:42:56.320 --> 00:43:00.400 somewhat in summer. On his return, he dined. The dinner 730 00:43:00.440 --> 00:43:03.880 resembled his breakfast. At half past eight in the evening, 731 00:43:03.880 --> 00:43:07.719 he supped, with his sister, Madame Maglioroi, standing behind them 732 00:43:07.760 --> 00:43:10.800 and serving them at table. Nothing could be more frugal 733 00:43:10.880 --> 00:43:14.039 than this repast. If, however, the bishop had one of 734 00:43:14.039 --> 00:43:17.280 his cures to supper, Madame Magliore took advantage of the 735 00:43:17.320 --> 00:43:21.239 opportunity to serve Monseigneur with some excellent fish from the lake, 736 00:43:21.559 --> 00:43:24.880 or with some fine game from the mountains. Every cure 737 00:43:25.000 --> 00:43:28.239 furnished the pretext for a good meal. The bishop did 738 00:43:28.239 --> 00:43:32.519 not interfere with that exception. His ordinary diet consisted only 739 00:43:32.559 --> 00:43:36.599 of vegetables boiled in water and oil soup. Thus it 740 00:43:36.639 --> 00:43:38.639 was set in the town. When the bishop does not 741 00:43:38.719 --> 00:43:41.400 indulge in the cheer of a curee, he indulges in 742 00:43:41.440 --> 00:43:45.159 the cheer of a trappist. After supper, he conversed for 743 00:43:45.239 --> 00:43:49.639 half an hour with Mademoiselle Baptisteine and Madame Maglioroi. Then 744 00:43:49.679 --> 00:43:51.880 he retired to his own room and set to writing, 745 00:43:52.559 --> 00:43:55.000 sometimes on loose sheets, and again on the margin of 746 00:43:55.039 --> 00:43:58.320 some folio. He was a man of letters, and rather learned. 747 00:43:58.679 --> 00:44:02.599 He left behind him five six very curious manuscripts, among 748 00:44:02.679 --> 00:44:06.360 them a dissertation on this verse in Genesis, in the 749 00:44:06.400 --> 00:44:10.760 beginning the spirit of God floated upon the waters. With 750 00:44:10.880 --> 00:44:14.679 this verse, he compares three texts, the Arabic verse which 751 00:44:14.719 --> 00:44:19.599 says the winds of God blew, Flavius Josephus, who says 752 00:44:19.880 --> 00:44:23.679 a wind from above was precipitated upon the earth, and 753 00:44:23.840 --> 00:44:28.559 finally the Chaldaeic paraphrase of Voncellos, which renders it a 754 00:44:28.599 --> 00:44:31.480 wind coming from God blew upon the face of the waters. 755 00:44:33.199 --> 00:44:36.800 In another dissertation, he examines the theological works of Hugo, 756 00:44:37.280 --> 00:44:40.760 Bishop of ptolemy great grand uncle to the writer of 757 00:44:40.800 --> 00:44:44.159 this book, and establishes the fact that to this bishop 758 00:44:44.280 --> 00:44:47.000 must be attributed the diverse little works published during the 759 00:44:47.039 --> 00:44:52.199 last century under the pseudonym of Barleycourt. Sometimes, in the 760 00:44:52.239 --> 00:44:54.960 midst of his reading, no matter what the book might be, 761 00:44:55.199 --> 00:44:57.280 which he had in his hand, he would suddenly fall 762 00:44:57.280 --> 00:45:00.840 into a profound meditation, whence the only emerge to write 763 00:45:00.840 --> 00:45:03.280 a few lines on the pages of the volume itself. 764 00:45:04.079 --> 00:45:06.800 These lines have often no connection whatever with the book 765 00:45:06.840 --> 00:45:10.000 which contains them. We now have under our eyes a 766 00:45:10.079 --> 00:45:12.239 note written by him on the margin of a quartro 767 00:45:12.920 --> 00:45:17.360 entitled correspondence of Lord Germaine with Generals Clinton, Cornwallis and 768 00:45:17.400 --> 00:45:22.400 the Admirals of the American Station Versailles Puanco Bookseller and 769 00:45:22.519 --> 00:45:28.440 Paris Pisat Bookseller Chai de o gustain. Here is the note, 770 00:45:28.960 --> 00:45:32.960 Oh you who are Ecclesiastes calls you the all Powerful. 771 00:45:33.320 --> 00:45:36.199 The Maccabees call you the Creator. The Epistles to the 772 00:45:36.199 --> 00:45:40.760 Ephesians calls you liberty. Baruch calls you immensity. The Psalms 773 00:45:40.800 --> 00:45:44.119 call you wisdom, and truth. John calls you Light, the 774 00:45:44.119 --> 00:45:49.000 Book of Kings call you Lord, Exodus calls you Providence, Leviticus, Sanctity, 775 00:45:49.519 --> 00:45:54.039 Estras Justice, the Creation calls you God. Man calls you Father. 776 00:45:54.719 --> 00:45:57.800 But Solomon calls you compassion. And that is the most 777 00:45:57.840 --> 00:46:01.800 beautiful of all your names. Toward nine o'clock in the evening, 778 00:46:01.840 --> 00:46:04.559 the two women retired and betook themselves to their chambers 779 00:46:04.559 --> 00:46:07.679 on the first floor, leaving him alone until morning on 780 00:46:07.760 --> 00:46:11.760 the ground floor. It is necessary that we should, in 781 00:46:11.840 --> 00:46:14.559 this place give an exact idea of the dwelling of 782 00:46:14.599 --> 00:46:23.320 the Bishop of Denia, Book one, A just Man, Chapter six, 783 00:46:23.719 --> 00:46:28.000 who guarded his house for him. The house in which 784 00:46:28.000 --> 00:46:30.719 he lived consisted, as we have said, of a ground 785 00:46:30.760 --> 00:46:34.599 floor and one story above, three rooms on the ground floor, 786 00:46:34.960 --> 00:46:38.800 three chambers on the first and an attic above. Behind 787 00:46:38.800 --> 00:46:41.039 the house was a garden a quarter of an acre 788 00:46:41.079 --> 00:46:44.519 in extent. The two women occupied the first floor. The 789 00:46:44.599 --> 00:46:48.840 bishop was lodged below. The first room, opening on the street, 790 00:46:49.079 --> 00:46:52.000 served him as a dining room. The second was his bedroom, 791 00:46:52.199 --> 00:46:56.000 and the third his oratory. There was no exit possible 792 00:46:56.000 --> 00:46:59.360 from this oratory except by passing through the bedroom, nor 793 00:46:59.400 --> 00:47:03.440 from the bedroom without passing through the dining room. At 794 00:47:03.440 --> 00:47:05.920 the end of the suite. In the oratory there was 795 00:47:05.960 --> 00:47:09.119 a detached alcove with a bed for use in cases 796 00:47:09.119 --> 00:47:12.840 of hospitality. The bishop offered this bed to county curates, 797 00:47:12.960 --> 00:47:16.320 whom business or the requirements of their parishes brought to Denya. 798 00:47:17.679 --> 00:47:20.400 The pharmacy of the hospital, a small building which had 799 00:47:20.400 --> 00:47:22.519 been added to the house and abutted to the garden, 800 00:47:22.800 --> 00:47:26.159 had been transformed into a kitchen and cellar. In addition 801 00:47:26.239 --> 00:47:28.800 to this, there was in the garden a stable which 802 00:47:28.840 --> 00:47:31.400 had formerly been the kitchen of the hospital, and in 803 00:47:31.440 --> 00:47:34.559 which the bishop kept two calves. No matter what the 804 00:47:34.639 --> 00:47:37.679 quantity of milk they gave, he invariably sent half of 805 00:47:37.719 --> 00:47:40.039 it every morning to the sick people in the hospital. 806 00:47:40.800 --> 00:47:44.880 I am paying my tithes, he said. His bedroom was 807 00:47:44.920 --> 00:47:48.119 tolerably large, and rather difficult to warm in bad weather, 808 00:47:48.599 --> 00:47:51.639 As wood is extremely dear in Denya. He hit upon 809 00:47:51.679 --> 00:47:54.519 the idea of having a compartment of boards constructed in 810 00:47:54.559 --> 00:47:57.920 the cow shed. Here he passed his evenings during seasons 811 00:47:57.960 --> 00:48:02.239 of severe cold. He called it his winter's salon. In 812 00:48:02.320 --> 00:48:05.000 this winter salon, as in the dining room, there was 813 00:48:05.039 --> 00:48:07.840 no other furniture than a square table in white wood, 814 00:48:08.079 --> 00:48:11.760 and four straw seated chairs. In addition to this, the 815 00:48:11.800 --> 00:48:15.599 dining room was ornamented with an antique sideboard painted pink 816 00:48:15.719 --> 00:48:20.800 in water colors out of a similar sideboard properly draped 817 00:48:20.800 --> 00:48:24.360 with white napery and invitation lace. The bishop had constructed 818 00:48:24.360 --> 00:48:28.599 the altar which decorated his oratory. His wealthy penitents and 819 00:48:28.639 --> 00:48:31.760 the sainted women of Dana had more than once assessed 820 00:48:31.800 --> 00:48:34.119 themselves to raise the money for a new altar from 821 00:48:34.159 --> 00:48:37.960 Monseigneur's oratory. On each occasion he had taken the money 822 00:48:37.960 --> 00:48:40.639 and had given it to the poor. The most beautiful 823 00:48:40.679 --> 00:48:43.800 of altars, he said, is the soul of an unhappy creature, 824 00:48:43.880 --> 00:48:49.119 consoled and thanking God. In his oratory there were two 825 00:48:49.239 --> 00:48:52.800 straw pres dieu. There was an arm chair, also in straw, 826 00:48:52.880 --> 00:48:56.119 in his bread room. When by chance he received seven 827 00:48:56.199 --> 00:48:58.719 or eight persons at one time, the pre effect of 828 00:48:58.760 --> 00:49:01.400 the general or the staff of the regiment in garrison, 829 00:49:01.800 --> 00:49:05.159 or several pupils from the little seminary, the chairs had 830 00:49:05.159 --> 00:49:07.280 to be fetched from the winter salon in the stable, 831 00:49:07.559 --> 00:49:10.360 the predieu from the oratory, and the arm chair from 832 00:49:10.360 --> 00:49:13.119 the bedroom. In this way, as many as eleven chairs 833 00:49:13.159 --> 00:49:16.320 could be collected for the visitors. A room was dismantled 834 00:49:16.320 --> 00:49:19.760 for each new guest. It sometimes happened that there were 835 00:49:19.760 --> 00:49:22.920 twelve in the party. The bishop then relieved the embarrassment 836 00:49:22.960 --> 00:49:25.440 of the situation by standing in front of the chimney 837 00:49:25.440 --> 00:49:27.760 if it were winter, or by strolling in the garden 838 00:49:27.800 --> 00:49:30.800 if it were summer. There was still another chair in 839 00:49:30.840 --> 00:49:33.840 the detached alcove, but the straw was half gone from it, 840 00:49:34.039 --> 00:49:36.000 and it had but three legs, so that it was 841 00:49:36.039 --> 00:49:40.239 of service only when propped against the wall. Mademoiselle Baptistin 842 00:49:40.400 --> 00:49:42.920 had also in her own room a very large easy 843 00:49:43.000 --> 00:49:45.679 chair of wood, which had formerly been gilded, and which 844 00:49:45.760 --> 00:49:48.719 was covered with flowered pekan. But they had been obliged 845 00:49:48.800 --> 00:49:51.480 to hoist the sperger up to the first story through 846 00:49:51.519 --> 00:49:54.719 the window, as the staircase was too narrow. It could 847 00:49:54.760 --> 00:49:57.280 not therefore be reckoned. Among the possibilities in the way 848 00:49:57.280 --> 00:50:02.280 of furniture, Mademoiselle Baptistine's ambition had been to be able 849 00:50:02.320 --> 00:50:04.760 to purchase a set of drawing room furniture in yellow 850 00:50:04.920 --> 00:50:08.960 Utricht velvet, stamped with a rose pattern and with mahogany 851 00:50:09.000 --> 00:50:12.039 In Swan's next stile with a sofa, but this would 852 00:50:12.039 --> 00:50:15.000 have cost five hundred francs at least, and in view 853 00:50:15.000 --> 00:50:16.679 of the fact that she had only been able to 854 00:50:16.760 --> 00:50:19.440 lay by forty two francs and ten sous for this 855 00:50:19.519 --> 00:50:22.320 purpose in the course of five years, she had ended 856 00:50:22.360 --> 00:50:25.679 by renouncing the idea. However, who is there who has 857 00:50:25.679 --> 00:50:29.519 attained his ideal? Nothing is more easy to present to 858 00:50:29.519 --> 00:50:33.440 the imagination than the bishop's bed chamber. A glazed door 859 00:50:33.519 --> 00:50:36.559 opened on the garden. Opposite this was the bed, a 860 00:50:36.639 --> 00:50:39.639 hospital bed of iron with a canopy of green serge 861 00:50:40.320 --> 00:50:42.480 in the shadow of the bed, behind a curtain with 862 00:50:42.599 --> 00:50:45.840 the utensils of the toilet, which still betrayed the elegant 863 00:50:45.840 --> 00:50:48.679 habits of the man of the world. There were two doors, 864 00:50:48.800 --> 00:50:51.800 one near the chimney, opening into the oratory, the other 865 00:50:51.880 --> 00:50:55.159 near the bookcase, opening into the dining room. The bookcase 866 00:50:55.239 --> 00:50:58.000 was a large cupboard with glass doors filled with books. 867 00:50:58.320 --> 00:51:01.159 The chimney was of wood, painted to represent marble and 868 00:51:01.239 --> 00:51:05.760 habitually without a fire. In the chimney stood a pair 869 00:51:05.800 --> 00:51:09.400 of fire dogs of iron, ornamented above with two garlanded 870 00:51:09.519 --> 00:51:12.880 vases and flutings which had formerly been silvered with silver leaf, 871 00:51:13.199 --> 00:51:16.760 which was a sort of episcopal luxury. Above the chimney 872 00:51:16.760 --> 00:51:19.800 piece hung a crucifix of copper with a silver worn 873 00:51:19.840 --> 00:51:22.599 off fixed on the background of thadbare velvet in a 874 00:51:22.639 --> 00:51:26.199 wooden frame from which the guilding had fallen. Near the 875 00:51:26.239 --> 00:51:29.239 glass door, a large table with an inkstand, loaded with 876 00:51:29.239 --> 00:51:32.599 a confusion of papers and with huge volumes. Before the door, 877 00:51:32.679 --> 00:51:35.039 an arm chair of straw in front of the bed 878 00:51:35.159 --> 00:51:39.599 a pri dieu borrowed from the oratory. Two portraits and 879 00:51:39.679 --> 00:51:42.400 oval frames were fastened to the wall on each side 880 00:51:42.440 --> 00:51:45.840 of the bed. Small gilt inscriptions on the plain surface 881 00:51:45.840 --> 00:51:48.679 of the cloth at the side of these figures indicated 882 00:51:48.719 --> 00:51:53.079 that the porches represented one the Abbe of Shiloh, Bishop 883 00:51:53.119 --> 00:51:58.119 of Saint Claude, the other Abbe Torteaux, Thicker General of Agde, 884 00:51:58.400 --> 00:52:02.599 Abbey of Grand Shaws, Order of Sittoux, Diocese of Chartren. 885 00:52:04.639 --> 00:52:08.079 When the Bishop succeeded to this apartment after the hospital patients, 886 00:52:08.360 --> 00:52:10.840 he had found these portraits there and had left them. 887 00:52:11.559 --> 00:52:15.800 They were priests and probably donors. Two reasons for respecting them. 888 00:52:16.320 --> 00:52:18.880 All that he knew about these two persons was that 889 00:52:18.920 --> 00:52:21.000 they had been appointed by the king, the one to 890 00:52:21.039 --> 00:52:24.320 his bishopric the other to his benefice. On the same day, 891 00:52:24.440 --> 00:52:29.119 the twenty seventh of April seventeen eighty five, Madame Magliori, 892 00:52:29.159 --> 00:52:31.760 having taken the pictures down to dust, the bishop had 893 00:52:31.800 --> 00:52:34.679 discovered these particulars written in whiteish ink on a little 894 00:52:34.719 --> 00:52:37.719 square of paper, yellowed by time, and attached to the 895 00:52:37.719 --> 00:52:39.800 back of the portrait of the Abbe of grand Shaw 896 00:52:40.000 --> 00:52:43.880 with four wafers. At his window he had an antique 897 00:52:43.880 --> 00:52:47.119 curtain of a coarse woolen stuff, which finally became so 898 00:52:47.239 --> 00:52:49.480 old that, in order to avoid the expense of a 899 00:52:49.519 --> 00:52:52.360 new one, Madame Maglory was forced to take a large 900 00:52:52.400 --> 00:52:54.880 seam in the very middle of it. This scene took 901 00:52:54.920 --> 00:52:57.920 the form of a cross. The bishop often called attention 902 00:52:58.039 --> 00:53:02.039 to it. How delightful that is, he said. All the 903 00:53:02.119 --> 00:53:04.920 rooms in the house, without exception those on the ground 904 00:53:04.920 --> 00:53:07.920 floor as well as those on the first floor, were whitewashed, 905 00:53:07.960 --> 00:53:12.599 which is a fashion in barracks and hospitals. However, in 906 00:53:12.639 --> 00:53:16.400 their latter years, Madame Magliori discovered, beneath the paper which 907 00:53:16.400 --> 00:53:20.599 had been washed over, paintings ornamenting the apartment of Mademoiselle 908 00:53:20.599 --> 00:53:25.440 baptistein as we shall see further on. Before becoming a hospital, 909 00:53:25.639 --> 00:53:28.760 this house had been the ancient parliament house of the bourgeois, 910 00:53:28.800 --> 00:53:32.800 hence this decoration. The chambers were paved in red bricks, 911 00:53:32.920 --> 00:53:35.760 which were washed every week, with straw mats in front 912 00:53:35.760 --> 00:53:39.079 of all the beds. Altogether, the dwelling, which was attended 913 00:53:39.079 --> 00:53:42.360 to by the two women, was exquisitely cleaned from top 914 00:53:42.400 --> 00:53:45.960 to bottom. This was the sole luxury which the bishop permitted. 915 00:53:46.519 --> 00:53:51.360 He said that takes nothing from the poor. It must 916 00:53:51.440 --> 00:53:54.719 be confessed. However, these still retained from his former possessions, 917 00:53:55.000 --> 00:53:58.039 six silver knives and forks, and a soup ladle, which 918 00:53:58.079 --> 00:54:02.239 Madame Maglory contemplated every day with delight as they glistened 919 00:54:02.280 --> 00:54:06.239 splendidly upon the courselinen cloth. And since we are now 920 00:54:06.280 --> 00:54:08.679 painting the Bishop of Denya as he was in reality, 921 00:54:09.000 --> 00:54:11.239 we must add that he had said more than once 922 00:54:11.719 --> 00:54:14.639 I find it difficult to renounce eating from silver dishes. 923 00:54:15.400 --> 00:54:18.320 To this silverware must be added two large candlesticks of 924 00:54:18.400 --> 00:54:21.039 massive silver, which he had inherited from a great aunt. 925 00:54:21.679 --> 00:54:25.000 These candlesticks held two wax candles and usually figured on 926 00:54:25.039 --> 00:54:28.599 the bishop's chimney piece. When he had anyone to dinner, 927 00:54:28.639 --> 00:54:31.639 Madame Mcleory lighted the two candles and set the candlesticks 928 00:54:31.679 --> 00:54:35.039 on the table. In the bishop's own chamber, at the 929 00:54:35.039 --> 00:54:37.639 head of his bed, there was a small cupboard in 930 00:54:37.679 --> 00:54:40.559 which Madame Magliory locked up the six silver knives and 931 00:54:40.599 --> 00:54:43.760 forks and the big spoon every night. But it is 932 00:54:43.840 --> 00:54:48.400 necessary to add that the key was never removed. The garden, 933 00:54:48.559 --> 00:54:51.000 which has been rather spoiled by the ugly buildings which 934 00:54:51.039 --> 00:54:54.480 we have mentioned, was composed of four alleys in cross form, 935 00:54:54.559 --> 00:54:57.719 radiating from a tank. Another walk made the circuit of 936 00:54:57.760 --> 00:55:00.480 the garden and skirted the white wall which incl closed it. 937 00:55:01.320 --> 00:55:04.360 These alleys left behind them four square plots, rimmed with 938 00:55:04.480 --> 00:55:09.119 box In three of these, Madame Magliori cultivated vegetables. In 939 00:55:09.199 --> 00:55:12.119 the fourth, the bishop had planted some flowers here, and 940 00:55:12.159 --> 00:55:16.880 there stood a few fruit trees. Madame Magliori had once remarked, 941 00:55:16.880 --> 00:55:20.199 with a sort of gentle malice, monseigneur, you would turn 942 00:55:20.320 --> 00:55:23.679 everything to account to have nevertheless, one useless plot. It 943 00:55:23.719 --> 00:55:27.360 would be better to grow salads there than bouquets. Madame 944 00:55:27.400 --> 00:55:31.199 Magliori retorted the bishop, you are mistaken. The beautiful is 945 00:55:31.199 --> 00:55:34.599 as useful as the useful, he added, after a pause. 946 00:55:35.239 --> 00:55:41.280 More So, perhaps this plot, consisting of three or four beds, 947 00:55:41.360 --> 00:55:44.039 occupied the bishop almost as much as did his books. 948 00:55:44.519 --> 00:55:47.480 He liked to pass an hour or two there trimming, hoeing, 949 00:55:47.639 --> 00:55:50.239 and making holes here and there in the earth into 950 00:55:50.280 --> 00:55:52.960 which he dropped seeds. He was not as hostile to 951 00:55:53.000 --> 00:55:56.159 insects as the garden could have wished to see him. Moreover, 952 00:55:56.280 --> 00:56:00.000 he made no pretensions to botany. He ignored groups and consists, 953 00:56:00.159 --> 00:56:03.079 and he made not the slightest effort to decide between 954 00:56:03.159 --> 00:56:06.559 torn foe and the natural method. He took part neither 955 00:56:06.599 --> 00:56:11.280 with the buds against the Cotealidans, nor was Jussieux against Linnaeus. 956 00:56:11.360 --> 00:56:15.280 He did not study pliants. He loved flowers he respective 957 00:56:15.320 --> 00:56:18.360 learn had been greatly. He respected the ignorance still more, 958 00:56:18.719 --> 00:56:21.800 and without ever failing these in these two respects, he 959 00:56:21.880 --> 00:56:24.440 watered his flower beds every summer evening, with the tin 960 00:56:24.559 --> 00:56:29.159 watering pot painted green. The house had not a single 961 00:56:29.199 --> 00:56:31.679 door which could be locked. The door of the dining room, 962 00:56:31.679 --> 00:56:34.480 which as we have said, opened directly on the cathedral square, 963 00:56:35.159 --> 00:56:37.800 had formerly been ornamented with locks and bolts, like the 964 00:56:37.840 --> 00:56:40.360 door of a prison. The bishop had had all this 965 00:56:40.440 --> 00:56:43.840 iron work removed, and this door was never fastened, either 966 00:56:43.880 --> 00:56:47.239 by night or by day, with anything except the latch. 967 00:56:48.159 --> 00:56:50.000 All that the first passer by had to do at 968 00:56:50.039 --> 00:56:52.880 any hour was to give it a push. At first, 969 00:56:53.000 --> 00:56:55.199 the two women had been very much tried by the 970 00:56:55.239 --> 00:56:58.719 store which was never fastened. But Monsieur de Dania had 971 00:56:58.719 --> 00:57:01.039 said to them, have bold put on your rooms, if 972 00:57:01.039 --> 00:57:04.480 that will please you. They had ended by sharing his confidence, 973 00:57:05.039 --> 00:57:07.039 or by at least acting as though they shared it. 974 00:57:07.480 --> 00:57:11.199 Madame Magliore alone had frights from time to time. As 975 00:57:11.239 --> 00:57:13.760 for the Bishop, his thought can be found explained, or 976 00:57:13.800 --> 00:57:16.440 at least indicated, in the three lines which he wrote 977 00:57:16.440 --> 00:57:19.280 on the margin of a bible. This is the shade 978 00:57:19.280 --> 00:57:22.880 of difference. The door of the physician should never be shut, 979 00:57:23.199 --> 00:57:26.599 the door of the priest should always be open. On 980 00:57:26.679 --> 00:57:30.039 another book entitled Philosophy of the Medical Science, he had 981 00:57:30.079 --> 00:57:33.159 written this other note, am not I a physician like them. 982 00:57:33.559 --> 00:57:36.239 I also have my patience, And then too I have 983 00:57:36.320 --> 00:57:41.039 some whom I call my unfortunates. Again, he wrote, do 984 00:57:41.159 --> 00:57:43.280 not inquire the name of him who seeks the shelter 985 00:57:43.719 --> 00:57:46.159 of you. The very man who is embarrassed by his 986 00:57:46.280 --> 00:57:49.559 name is the one who needs shelter. It chanced that 987 00:57:49.599 --> 00:57:51.679 a worthy cure, I know not whether it was the 988 00:57:51.719 --> 00:57:55.840 cure of schue Lebrux or the cure of Pompierre, took 989 00:57:55.880 --> 00:57:58.360 it into his head to ask him one day, probably 990 00:57:58.360 --> 00:58:01.840 at the instigation of Madame Magleiori, whether Monsieur was sure 991 00:58:01.880 --> 00:58:04.559 that he was not committing an indiscretion to a certain 992 00:58:04.599 --> 00:58:07.639 extent in leaving his door unfastened day or night, at 993 00:58:07.639 --> 00:58:10.639 the mercy of anyone who should choose to enter, And whether, 994 00:58:10.760 --> 00:58:13.239 in short, he did not fear lest some misfortune might 995 00:58:13.280 --> 00:58:16.440 occur in a house so little guarded. The Bishop touched 996 00:58:16.440 --> 00:58:19.360 his shoulder with gentle gravity and said to him, nissi 997 00:58:19.400 --> 00:58:26.800 dominus costerdert domum in vanam vigilante qui costiretante eam Unless 998 00:58:26.840 --> 00:58:29.480 the lord guard the house in vain, do they watch 999 00:58:29.519 --> 00:58:34.000 who guard it? Then he spoke of something else he 1000 00:58:34.119 --> 00:58:36.159 was fond of, saying, there is a bravery of the 1001 00:58:36.199 --> 00:58:39.519 priest as well as the bravery of a colonel of dragoons. Only, 1002 00:58:39.599 --> 00:58:41.840 he added, ours must be tranquil. 1003 00:58:44.639 --> 00:58:45.000 End of. 1004 00:58:47.360 --> 00:58:55.400 Book one, A Just Man, Chapter seven Cravat. It is 1005 00:58:55.480 --> 00:58:58.400 here that a fact falls naturally into place which we 1006 00:58:58.480 --> 00:59:00.840 must not admit, because it is one of the sort 1007 00:59:00.880 --> 00:59:02.840 which show us best what sort of a man the 1008 00:59:02.880 --> 00:59:06.719 Bishop of Denia was. After the destruction of the band 1009 00:59:06.760 --> 00:59:10.360 of Gaspard Besse, who had infested the gorges of Oliun, 1010 00:59:10.960 --> 00:59:14.760 one of his lieutenants, Cravat took refuge in the mountains. 1011 00:59:15.320 --> 00:59:18.199 He concealed himself for some time with his bandits the 1012 00:59:18.239 --> 00:59:21.719 remnant of gasparqs Besse's troop, in the country of Nice. 1013 00:59:22.320 --> 00:59:24.719 Then he made his way to Piedmont, and suddenly reappeared 1014 00:59:24.719 --> 00:59:28.079 in France, in the vicinity of Barcelonnette. He was first 1015 00:59:28.119 --> 00:59:31.719 seen at Josier, then at Tuilles. He hid himself in 1016 00:59:31.760 --> 00:59:34.320 the caverns of the Juges de Lage, and thence he 1017 00:59:34.400 --> 00:59:37.079 descended towards the hamlets and villages, through the ravines of 1018 00:59:37.199 --> 00:59:41.800 Ubei and Ubayete. He even pushed as far as Enbron, 1019 00:59:42.559 --> 00:59:46.440 entered the cathedral one night and despoiled the sacristy. His 1020 00:59:46.559 --> 00:59:50.679 highway robberies laid waste the countryside. The gendarmes were set 1021 00:59:50.719 --> 00:59:54.880 on his track, but in vain he always escaped. Sometimes 1022 00:59:54.880 --> 00:59:58.039 he resisted by main force. He was a bold wretch 1023 00:59:58.920 --> 01:00:01.440 in the midst of all this terror. The bishop arrived. 1024 01:00:01.960 --> 01:00:05.840 He was making his circuit to Schasteller. The mayor came 1025 01:00:05.880 --> 01:00:09.320 to him and urged him to retrace his steps. Pravat 1026 01:00:09.360 --> 01:00:11.639 was in possession of the mountains as far as Ache 1027 01:00:11.719 --> 01:00:15.039 and beyond. There was a danger. Even with an escort, 1028 01:00:15.440 --> 01:00:20.840 it merely exposed three or four unfortunate gendarme to no purpose. Therefore, 1029 01:00:20.920 --> 01:00:24.039 said the Bishop, I intend to go without escort. You 1030 01:00:24.119 --> 01:00:27.719 do not really mean that, monseigneur, exclaimed the Mayor. I 1031 01:00:27.800 --> 01:00:31.199 do mean it so thoroughly that I absolutely refuse any gendarme, 1032 01:00:31.480 --> 01:00:35.039 and shall set out in an hour, set out, set 1033 01:00:35.039 --> 01:00:42.760 out alone alone. Monseigneur, you will not do that. There 1034 01:00:42.800 --> 01:00:46.599 exists yonder in the mountains, said the bishop, a tiny community, 1035 01:00:46.639 --> 01:00:48.960 no bigger than that which I have not seen for 1036 01:00:49.000 --> 01:00:52.119 three years. They are my good friends, those gentle and 1037 01:00:52.199 --> 01:00:55.719 honest shepherds. They own one goat out of every thirty 1038 01:00:55.760 --> 01:00:58.920 that they tend. They make very pretty woolen cords of 1039 01:00:59.000 --> 01:01:01.519 various colors, and they play the mountain airs on little 1040 01:01:01.559 --> 01:01:04.480 flutes with six holes. They need to be told of 1041 01:01:04.519 --> 01:01:07.360 the good God now and then what would they say 1042 01:01:07.400 --> 01:01:09.800 to a bishop who was afraid? What would they say 1043 01:01:09.800 --> 01:01:14.719 if I did not go, but the brigand Monseigneur hold, 1044 01:01:14.760 --> 01:01:17.320 said the bishop. I must think of that. You are right, 1045 01:01:17.760 --> 01:01:20.519 I may meet them. They too need to be told 1046 01:01:20.559 --> 01:01:24.119 of the good God. But monseigneur, there is a band 1047 01:01:24.159 --> 01:01:28.199 of them, a flock of wolves. Monsieur le maire, it 1048 01:01:28.280 --> 01:01:30.400 may be that it is of this very flock of 1049 01:01:30.440 --> 01:01:34.199 wolves that Jesus has constituted me the shepherd who knows 1050 01:01:34.239 --> 01:01:38.639 the ways of Providence. They will rob you, monseigneur, I 1051 01:01:38.719 --> 01:01:42.920 have nothing. They will kill you, an old good man 1052 01:01:42.920 --> 01:01:46.000 of a priest who passes along mumbling his prayers. Bah. 1053 01:01:46.360 --> 01:01:50.199 To what purpose, oh, mon dieu, what if you should 1054 01:01:50.199 --> 01:01:53.280 meet them? I should beg alms of them for my poor. 1055 01:01:54.639 --> 01:01:57.320 Do not go, monseigneur, in the name of Heaven. You 1056 01:01:57.360 --> 01:02:01.280 are risking your life, Monsieur le maire, said the bishop. 1057 01:02:01.519 --> 01:02:03.760 Is that really all? I am not in the world 1058 01:02:03.800 --> 01:02:07.199 to guard my own life, but to guard souls. They 1059 01:02:07.239 --> 01:02:09.360 had to allow him to do as he pleased. He 1060 01:02:09.440 --> 01:02:11.960 set out, accompanied only by a child who offered to 1061 01:02:12.000 --> 01:02:15.239 serve as a guide. His obstinacy was bruited about the 1062 01:02:15.239 --> 01:02:20.880 countryside and caused great consternation. He would take neither his 1063 01:02:20.960 --> 01:02:25.239 sister nor Madame Magloar. He traversed the mountain on mule back, 1064 01:02:25.440 --> 01:02:27.840 encountered no one, and arrived safe and sound at the 1065 01:02:27.880 --> 01:02:30.960 residence of his good friends, the shepherds. He remained there 1066 01:02:31.000 --> 01:02:35.679 for a fortnight, preaching, administering the sacrament, teaching, exhorting. When 1067 01:02:35.679 --> 01:02:38.760 the time of his departure approached, he resolved to chant 1068 01:02:38.800 --> 01:02:43.519 at tadem pontifically. He mentioned it to the cure. But 1069 01:02:43.599 --> 01:02:46.679 what was to be done? There were no episcopal ornaments. 1070 01:02:47.079 --> 01:02:49.599 They could only place at his disposal a wretched village 1071 01:02:49.639 --> 01:02:53.719 sacristy with a few ancient chastibles of threadbare damask adorned 1072 01:02:53.719 --> 01:02:58.159 with imitation lace. Bah, said the bishop, let us announce 1073 01:02:58.159 --> 01:03:01.079 our te daem from the pulpit. Nevertheless, Monsieur le cueur, 1074 01:03:01.880 --> 01:03:05.679 things will arrange themselves. They instituted a search in the 1075 01:03:05.760 --> 01:03:09.039 churches of the neighborhood. All the magnificence of these humble 1076 01:03:09.079 --> 01:03:12.360 parishes combined would not have sufficed to clothe the chorister 1077 01:03:12.480 --> 01:03:16.840 of a cathedral properly. While they were thus embarrassed, a 1078 01:03:16.920 --> 01:03:19.840 large chest was brought and deposited in the presbytery for 1079 01:03:19.880 --> 01:03:22.599 the bishop by two unknown horsemen who departed on the 1080 01:03:22.639 --> 01:03:26.519 instant the chest was opened. It contained a cope of 1081 01:03:26.599 --> 01:03:30.840 cloth of gold, a miter ornamented with diamonds, an archbishop's cross, 1082 01:03:31.000 --> 01:03:34.559 a magnificent crozier, all the pontifical vestments which had been 1083 01:03:34.599 --> 01:03:38.559 stolen a month previously from the treasury of Notre Dame d'ambrens. 1084 01:03:39.719 --> 01:03:42.639 In the chest was a paper on which these words 1085 01:03:42.639 --> 01:03:48.440 were written, from Cravat to Monseigneur. Yevenue, did not I 1086 01:03:48.599 --> 01:03:51.239 say that things would come right of themselves? Said the bishop. 1087 01:03:51.920 --> 01:03:55.239 Then he added, with a smile, to him who contents 1088 01:03:55.280 --> 01:03:58.000 himself with the surplice of a curate, God sends the 1089 01:03:58.039 --> 01:04:02.679 cope of an archbishop. Monseigneur murmured the cure, throwing back 1090 01:04:02.719 --> 01:04:06.719 his head with a smile, God or the devil. The 1091 01:04:06.760 --> 01:04:12.760 bishop looked steadily at the cure and repeated with authority God. 1092 01:04:13.320 --> 01:04:16.199 When he returned to Chastelar, the people came out to 1093 01:04:16.239 --> 01:04:18.760 stare at him as out of curiosity, all along the road. 1094 01:04:19.559 --> 01:04:23.599 At the priest's house in Chastelar, he rejoined Mademoiselle Baptistine 1095 01:04:23.599 --> 01:04:26.400 and Madame Maglars, who were waiting for him, and he 1096 01:04:26.440 --> 01:04:29.119 said to his sister, well, was I in the right. 1097 01:04:29.639 --> 01:04:32.400 The poor priest went to his poor mountaineers with empty hands, 1098 01:04:32.679 --> 01:04:35.239 and he returns from them with his hands full. I 1099 01:04:35.280 --> 01:04:37.920 set out bearing only my faith in God. I have 1100 01:04:37.960 --> 01:04:41.679 brought back the treasure of a cathedral. That evening, before 1101 01:04:41.719 --> 01:04:44.239 he went to bed, he said again, let us never 1102 01:04:44.280 --> 01:04:48.599 fear robbers nor murderers. Those are dangers from without, petty dangers. 1103 01:04:49.079 --> 01:04:53.199 Let us fear ourselves. Prejudices are the real robbers. Vices 1104 01:04:53.199 --> 01:04:57.039 are the real murderers. The great dangers lie within ourselves. 1105 01:04:57.599 --> 01:04:59.920 What matters it, what threatens our head or our purse. 1106 01:05:00.519 --> 01:05:04.400 Let us think only of that which threatens our soul. Then, 1107 01:05:04.519 --> 01:05:08.599 turning to his sister sister, never a precaution on the 1108 01:05:08.599 --> 01:05:11.360 part of the priest against his fellow man that which 1109 01:05:11.360 --> 01:05:14.719 his fellow does God permits. Let us confine ourselves to 1110 01:05:14.760 --> 01:05:17.320 prayer when we think that a danger is approaching us. 1111 01:05:17.880 --> 01:05:20.480 Let us pray not for ourselves, but that our brother 1112 01:05:20.559 --> 01:05:24.320 may not fall into sin on our account. However, such 1113 01:05:24.360 --> 01:05:27.400 incidents were rare in his life. We relate those of 1114 01:05:27.440 --> 01:05:30.000 which we know, But generally he passed his life in 1115 01:05:30.079 --> 01:05:33.239 doing the same things. At the same moment, one month 1116 01:05:33.280 --> 01:05:36.840 of his year resembled one hour of his day. As 1117 01:05:36.880 --> 01:05:39.519 to what became of the treasure of the Cathedral of Enbron, 1118 01:05:40.039 --> 01:05:42.519 we should be embarrassed by any inquiry in that direction. 1119 01:05:43.239 --> 01:05:46.519 It consisted of very handsome things, very tempting things, and 1120 01:05:46.599 --> 01:05:48.800 things which were very well adapted to be stolen for 1121 01:05:48.840 --> 01:05:53.000 the benefit of the unfortunate. Stolen they had already been elsewhere. 1122 01:05:53.559 --> 01:05:56.000 Half of the adventure was completed. It only remained to 1123 01:05:56.000 --> 01:05:58.719 impart a new direction to the theft, and to cause 1124 01:05:58.719 --> 01:06:00.920 it to take a short trip in the direction of 1125 01:06:00.920 --> 01:06:04.880 the poor. However, we make no assertions on this point. 1126 01:06:05.599 --> 01:06:09.000 Only a rather obscure note was found among the bishop's papers, 1127 01:06:09.280 --> 01:06:11.719 which may bear some relation to this matter, and which 1128 01:06:11.760 --> 01:06:15.800 is couched in these terms. The question is to decide 1129 01:06:15.840 --> 01:06:18.159 whether this should be turned over to the cathedral or 1130 01:06:18.159 --> 01:06:30.000 to the hospital. Book one just a man philosophy After 1131 01:06:30.079 --> 01:06:35.800 drinking The senator above mentioned was a clever man who 1132 01:06:35.800 --> 01:06:38.320 had made his own way, heedless of those things which 1133 01:06:38.360 --> 01:06:43.000 present obstacles in which are called conscience, sworn, faith, justice, duty. 1134 01:06:43.880 --> 01:06:46.599 He had marched straight to his goal without once flinching 1135 01:06:46.639 --> 01:06:49.280 in the line of his advancement and his interest. He 1136 01:06:49.400 --> 01:06:52.599 was an old attorney softened by success not a bad 1137 01:06:52.679 --> 01:06:55.239 man by any means, who rendered all the small services 1138 01:06:55.239 --> 01:06:57.440 in his power to his sons, his sons in law, 1139 01:06:57.719 --> 01:07:01.039 his relations, and even to his friends, having wisely seized 1140 01:07:01.119 --> 01:07:06.519 upon in life good sides, good opportunities, good windfalls. Everything 1141 01:07:06.519 --> 01:07:10.159 else seemed to him very stupid. He was intelligent and 1142 01:07:10.320 --> 01:07:13.840 just sufficiently educated to think himself a disciple of Epicurus, 1143 01:07:14.360 --> 01:07:18.360 while he was in reality only a product of Pigo Lebrun. 1144 01:07:18.679 --> 01:07:22.079 He laughed willingly and pleasantly over infinite and eternal things, 1145 01:07:22.400 --> 01:07:24.840 and at the crotchets of that good old fellow, the Bishop. 1146 01:07:25.639 --> 01:07:28.920 He even sometimes laughed at him with an amiable authority, 1147 01:07:28.960 --> 01:07:31.760 in the presence of Monsieur Meriel himself, who listened to 1148 01:07:31.840 --> 01:07:35.440 him on some semi official occasion or other. I do 1149 01:07:35.480 --> 01:07:40.199 not recollect what Count Blanc, this Senator and Monsieur Muriel 1150 01:07:40.320 --> 01:07:43.480 were to dine with the Prefect at dessert. The Senator, 1151 01:07:43.480 --> 01:07:49.079 who was slightly exhilarated, though still perfectly dignified, exclaimed, he gad, Bishop, 1152 01:07:49.119 --> 01:07:51.639 let's have a discussion. It is hard for a senator 1153 01:07:51.639 --> 01:07:53.559 and a bishop to look at each other without winking. 1154 01:07:54.079 --> 01:07:56.480 We are two augurs. I am going to make a 1155 01:07:56.519 --> 01:07:59.000 confession to you. I have a philosophy of my own, 1156 01:08:00.119 --> 01:08:03.000 and you are right, replied the Bishop. As one makes 1157 01:08:03.039 --> 01:08:05.480 one's philosophy, so one lies on it. You are on 1158 01:08:05.559 --> 01:08:09.039 the bed of purple senator. The Senator was encouraged and 1159 01:08:09.079 --> 01:08:12.960 went on, let us be good fellows, good devils, even, 1160 01:08:13.000 --> 01:08:16.119 said the Bishop. I declare to you, continued the Senator, 1161 01:08:16.159 --> 01:08:20.119 that the Marquis d'arjan, Pieron Hobbes, and Monsieur ne Jean 1162 01:08:20.319 --> 01:08:22.960 are no rascals. I have all the philosophers in my 1163 01:08:23.039 --> 01:08:27.439 library gilded on the edges like yourself, Count, interposed the Bishop. 1164 01:08:27.920 --> 01:08:32.279 The Senator resumed, I hate Ditrio. He is an ideologist, 1165 01:08:32.359 --> 01:08:35.720 a declaimer and a revolutionist, a believer in God at bottom, 1166 01:08:35.960 --> 01:08:39.800 and more bigoted than Voltaire. Voltaire made sport of Needum, 1167 01:08:39.800 --> 01:08:42.520 and he was wrong. For Needham's eels prove that God 1168 01:08:42.600 --> 01:08:45.359 is useless. A drop of vinegar in a spoonful of 1169 01:08:45.359 --> 01:08:49.640 flower paste supplies the fiat lukes. Suppose the drop to 1170 01:08:49.680 --> 01:08:52.000 be larger and the spoonful bigger. You have the world 1171 01:08:52.279 --> 01:08:54.680 man is the eel? Then what is the good of 1172 01:08:54.720 --> 01:08:58.880 the eternal Father? The Jehovah hypothesis tires me. Bishop. It 1173 01:08:58.960 --> 01:09:01.279 is good for nothing but to produce shallow people whose 1174 01:09:01.319 --> 01:09:04.920 reasoning is hollow down with that great all which torments me, 1175 01:09:05.239 --> 01:09:08.239 Hurrah for zero, which leaves me in peace between you 1176 01:09:08.359 --> 01:09:10.680 and me. And in order to empty my sack and 1177 01:09:10.760 --> 01:09:13.199 make confession to my pastor, as it behooves me to do, 1178 01:09:13.760 --> 01:09:15.680 I will admit to you that I have good sense. 1179 01:09:16.239 --> 01:09:19.560 I am not enthusiastic over your Jesus. Who preaches renunciation 1180 01:09:19.680 --> 01:09:22.840 and sacrifice to the last extremity tis the counsel of 1181 01:09:22.880 --> 01:09:28.119 an avaricious man to beggars. Renunciation, Why sacrifice to what end? 1182 01:09:28.560 --> 01:09:30.840 I do not see one wolf immolating himself for the 1183 01:09:30.840 --> 01:09:33.880 happiness of another wolf. Let us stick to nature. Then 1184 01:09:34.319 --> 01:09:36.960 we are at the top. Let us have a superior philosophy. 1185 01:09:37.680 --> 01:09:39.640 What is the advantage of being at the top if 1186 01:09:39.640 --> 01:09:42.159 one sees no further than the end of other people's noses? 1187 01:09:42.880 --> 01:09:46.000 Let us live merrily. Life is all that man has 1188 01:09:46.039 --> 01:09:49.720 another future elsewhere on high, below anywhere. I don't believe, 1189 01:09:49.920 --> 01:09:53.479 not one single word of it. Ah, sacrifice and renunciation 1190 01:09:53.560 --> 01:09:56.199 are recommended to me. I must take heed to everything 1191 01:09:56.239 --> 01:09:58.760 I do. I must cudgel my brains over good and evil, 1192 01:09:58.800 --> 01:10:01.359 over the just and unjustic over the fat and the Niphah. 1193 01:10:02.039 --> 01:10:04.399 Why because I shall have to render an account of 1194 01:10:04.399 --> 01:10:09.319 my actions when after death. What a fine dream. After 1195 01:10:09.359 --> 01:10:11.159 my death, it will be a very clever person who 1196 01:10:11.159 --> 01:10:13.960 can catch me. Have a handful of dust seized by 1197 01:10:13.960 --> 01:10:14.600 a shadow hand. 1198 01:10:14.640 --> 01:10:15.079 If you can. 1199 01:10:15.800 --> 01:10:18.279 Let us tell the truth, we who are initiated and 1200 01:10:18.319 --> 01:10:20.880 who have raised the veil of isis. There is no 1201 01:10:21.000 --> 01:10:23.800 such thing as either good or evil. There is vegetation. 1202 01:10:24.760 --> 01:10:26.800 Let us seek the real. Let us get to the 1203 01:10:26.840 --> 01:10:29.960 bottom of it. Let us go into it thoroughly. What 1204 01:10:30.079 --> 01:10:32.279 the deuce? Let us go to the bottom of it. 1205 01:10:32.960 --> 01:10:35.520 We must scent out the truth, dig in the earth 1206 01:10:35.560 --> 01:10:38.840 for it, and seize it. Then it gives you exquisite joys. 1207 01:10:39.319 --> 01:10:42.119 Then you grow strong and you laugh. I am square 1208 01:10:42.119 --> 01:10:45.039 on the bottom. I am immortality. Bishop, is a chance 1209 01:10:45.079 --> 01:10:49.039 a waiting for dead men's shoes? Ah, what a charming promise. 1210 01:10:49.439 --> 01:10:50.479 Trust to it if you like. 1211 01:10:50.640 --> 01:10:53.359 What a fine lot Adam has. We are souls and 1212 01:10:53.399 --> 01:10:55.920 we shall be angels with blue wings on our shoulder blades. 1213 01:10:56.359 --> 01:10:59.439 Do come to my assistance? Is it not Tertullian who 1214 01:10:59.439 --> 01:11:02.119 says that the blessed shall travel from star to star? 1215 01:11:03.000 --> 01:11:05.800 Very well? We shall be the grasshoppers of the stars, 1216 01:11:06.079 --> 01:11:10.079 and then besides we shall see God tat tata? What 1217 01:11:10.239 --> 01:11:14.199 twaddle all these paradises are? God is a nonsensical monster. 1218 01:11:14.760 --> 01:11:17.479 I would not say that in the moniteur Egad, but 1219 01:11:17.560 --> 01:11:22.079 I may whisper it among friends into Pocula. To sacrifice 1220 01:11:22.119 --> 01:11:24.439 the world to paradise is to let slip the prey 1221 01:11:24.479 --> 01:11:27.520 for the shadow be the dupe of the infinite. I 1222 01:11:27.520 --> 01:11:30.359 am not such a fool. I am a knot. I 1223 01:11:30.439 --> 01:11:34.279 call myself monsieur le comte, not senator. Did I exist 1224 01:11:34.319 --> 01:11:35.079 before my birth? 1225 01:11:35.279 --> 01:11:35.359 No? 1226 01:11:36.119 --> 01:11:37.479 Shall I exist after death? 1227 01:11:37.880 --> 01:11:37.920 No? 1228 01:11:39.000 --> 01:11:42.279 What am I a little dust collected in an organism? 1229 01:11:43.199 --> 01:11:45.239 What am I to do on this earth? The choice 1230 01:11:45.279 --> 01:11:49.319 rests with me. Suffer or enjoy? Whither will suffering lead 1231 01:11:49.359 --> 01:11:52.840 me to nothingness? But I shall have suffered. Whither will 1232 01:11:52.920 --> 01:11:56.640 enjoyment lead me to nothingness? But I shall have enjoyed myself. 1233 01:11:57.439 --> 01:12:00.000 My choice is made. One must eat or be eat. 1234 01:12:00.439 --> 01:12:01.039 I shall eat. 1235 01:12:01.760 --> 01:12:04.399 It is better to be the tooth than the grass. 1236 01:12:04.479 --> 01:12:08.239 Such is my wisdom, after which go whither I push 1237 01:12:08.319 --> 01:12:11.039 thee the grave digger is there the pantheon for some 1238 01:12:11.119 --> 01:12:15.680 of us all falls into the great whole end. Phoenis 1239 01:12:15.960 --> 01:12:20.359 total liquidation. This is the vanishing point. Death is death. 1240 01:12:20.439 --> 01:12:23.439 Believe me, I laugh at the idea of there being 1241 01:12:23.479 --> 01:12:25.840 any one who has anything to tell me on that subject. 1242 01:12:26.359 --> 01:12:30.800 Fables of nurses, Bugaboo for children, Jehovah for men. No, 1243 01:12:31.279 --> 01:12:34.359 Our tomorrow is the night beyond the tomb. There is 1244 01:12:34.399 --> 01:12:40.000 nothing but equal nothingness. You have been Sardanapolis and you 1245 01:12:40.039 --> 01:12:42.960 have been Vincent de Paul. It makes no difference. That 1246 01:12:43.119 --> 01:12:46.600 is the truth. Then live your life above all things. 1247 01:12:47.680 --> 01:12:51.159 Make use of your eye while you have it. In truth, Bishop, 1248 01:12:51.199 --> 01:12:53.199 I tell you that I have a philosophy of my own, 1249 01:12:53.239 --> 01:12:55.960 and I have my philosophers. I don't let myself be 1250 01:12:56.000 --> 01:12:58.840 taken in with that nonsense. Of course, there must be 1251 01:12:58.880 --> 01:13:01.479 something for those who are down, for the barefooted beggars, 1252 01:13:01.560 --> 01:13:07.600 knife grinders, and miserable wretches, legends, chimeras, the soul, immortality, paradise. 1253 01:13:07.680 --> 01:13:11.359 The stars are provided for them to swallow. They gobble 1254 01:13:11.399 --> 01:13:14.079 it down, they spread it on their dry bread. He 1255 01:13:14.119 --> 01:13:17.920 who has nothing else has the Good God, that is 1256 01:13:17.960 --> 01:13:20.800 the least he can have. I oppose no objection to that, 1257 01:13:21.039 --> 01:13:25.680 but I reserve monsieur nigion for myself. The good God 1258 01:13:25.760 --> 01:13:29.159 is good for the populace. The bishop clapped his hands. 1259 01:13:30.000 --> 01:13:33.640 That's talking, he exclaimed. What an excellent and really marvelous 1260 01:13:33.680 --> 01:13:36.880 thing is this materialism? Not everyone who wants it can 1261 01:13:36.920 --> 01:13:39.560 have it. Ugh, when one does have it, one is 1262 01:13:39.600 --> 01:13:42.279 no longer a dupe. One does not stupidly allow one's 1263 01:13:42.279 --> 01:13:45.359 selves to be exiled like Cato, nor Stone, like Stephen, 1264 01:13:45.760 --> 01:13:49.680 nor burned alive like Jean Dac. Those who have succeeded 1265 01:13:49.720 --> 01:13:52.920 in procuring this admirable materialism have the joy of feeling 1266 01:13:53.000 --> 01:13:56.079 themselves irresponsible, and of thinking that they can devour everything 1267 01:13:56.079 --> 01:14:02.000 without uneasiness, places, sinecures, dignities, power, whether well or ill acquired, 1268 01:14:02.239 --> 01:14:07.079 lucrative recantations, useful treacheries, savory capitulations of conscience, and that 1269 01:14:07.159 --> 01:14:10.920 they shall enter the tomb with their digestion accomplished. How 1270 01:14:10.960 --> 01:14:13.560 agreeable that is. I do not say that with reference 1271 01:14:13.600 --> 01:14:16.840 to you, Senator. Nevertheless, it is impossible for me to 1272 01:14:16.880 --> 01:14:20.520 refrain from congratulating you. You great lords, have so you say, 1273 01:14:20.560 --> 01:14:24.560 a philosophy of your own and for yourselves, which is exquisite, refined, 1274 01:14:24.640 --> 01:14:27.960 accessible to the rich alone, good for all sauces, and 1275 01:14:27.960 --> 01:14:32.159 which seasons the voluptuousness of life. Admirably, this philosophy has 1276 01:14:32.159 --> 01:14:35.680 been extracted from the depths and unearthed by special seekers. 1277 01:14:36.000 --> 01:14:37.920 But you are good natured princes, and you do not 1278 01:14:38.039 --> 01:14:39.840 think it a bad thing that believe in the good 1279 01:14:39.880 --> 01:14:43.399 God should constitute the philosophy of the people, very much 1280 01:14:43.399 --> 01:14:46.399 as the goose stuffed with chestnuts is the truffled turkey 1281 01:14:46.479 --> 01:14:52.840 of the poor. End of Book one, Chapter Book one, 1282 01:14:52.960 --> 01:14:57.159 A Just Man, Chapter nine, the brother as depicted by 1283 01:14:57.159 --> 01:15:02.199 the sister, in order to furnish an idea of the 1284 01:15:02.199 --> 01:15:04.920 private establishment of the Bishop of Duigna, and of the 1285 01:15:04.960 --> 01:15:08.199 manner in which those two sainted women subordinated their actions, 1286 01:15:08.239 --> 01:15:11.920 their thoughts, their feminine instincts, even which are easily alarmed 1287 01:15:12.239 --> 01:15:14.680 to the habits and purposes of the Bishop, without his 1288 01:15:14.760 --> 01:15:17.560 even taking the trouble of speaking in order to explain them. 1289 01:15:18.079 --> 01:15:20.600 We cannot do better than transcribe in this place a 1290 01:15:20.720 --> 01:15:25.479 letter from Mademoiselle Baptistine to Madame the Vicontesse de Bois Chevron, 1291 01:15:26.159 --> 01:15:29.520 the friend of her childhood. This letter is in our possession, 1292 01:15:31.840 --> 01:15:38.920 December sixteenth, eighteen blankety blank, My good Madame, not a 1293 01:15:39.000 --> 01:15:42.600 day passes without our speaking of you. It is our 1294 01:15:42.880 --> 01:15:47.479 established custom. But there is another reason besides just imagine. 1295 01:15:47.560 --> 01:15:51.319 While washing and dusting the ceilings and walls, Madame Macloire 1296 01:15:51.439 --> 01:15:54.960 has made some discoveries. Now our two chambers hung with 1297 01:15:55.000 --> 01:15:58.800 antique paper whitewashed over would not discredit a chateau in 1298 01:15:58.840 --> 01:16:02.560 the style of yours. Madame Magloar has pulled off all 1299 01:16:02.560 --> 01:16:06.079 the paper. There were things beneath my drawing room, which 1300 01:16:06.119 --> 01:16:08.640 contains no furniture, and which we use for spreading out. 1301 01:16:08.680 --> 01:16:12.680 The linen after washing, is fifteen feet in height eighteen square, 1302 01:16:13.079 --> 01:16:15.800 with a ceiling which was formerly painted and gilded, and 1303 01:16:15.880 --> 01:16:19.319 with beams as in yours. This was covered with a 1304 01:16:19.319 --> 01:16:22.159 cloth while this was the hospital, and the woodwork was 1305 01:16:22.199 --> 01:16:25.119 of the era of our grandmother's. But my room is 1306 01:16:25.159 --> 01:16:28.239 the one you ought to see. Madame Maglois has discovered, 1307 01:16:28.359 --> 01:16:31.079 under at least ten thicknesses of paper pasted on top, 1308 01:16:31.439 --> 01:16:35.520 some paintings, which, without being good, are very tolerable. The 1309 01:16:35.600 --> 01:16:39.239 subject is Telemachus being knighted by Minerva in some gardens, 1310 01:16:39.359 --> 01:16:42.560 the name of which escapes me. In short, where the 1311 01:16:42.640 --> 01:16:45.960 Roman ladies repaired on one single night. What shall I 1312 01:16:46.000 --> 01:16:49.359 say to you? I have Romans and Roman ladies here 1313 01:16:49.399 --> 01:16:53.439 occurs in a legible word, and the whole train. Madame 1314 01:16:53.479 --> 01:16:56.119 Maglis has cleaned it all off this summer. She is 1315 01:16:56.159 --> 01:16:59.159 going to have some small injuries repaired and the whole revarnished, 1316 01:16:59.439 --> 01:17:02.399 and my chain will be a regular museum. She has 1317 01:17:02.479 --> 01:17:05.000 also found in a corner of the attic two wooden 1318 01:17:05.039 --> 01:17:06.640 pier tables of ancient fashion. 1319 01:17:07.239 --> 01:17:08.079 They asked us. 1320 01:17:08.000 --> 01:17:10.880 Two crowns of six francs each to regild them, but 1321 01:17:11.000 --> 01:17:12.760 it is much better to give the money to the poor, 1322 01:17:12.880 --> 01:17:15.359 and they are very ugly besides, and I should much 1323 01:17:15.399 --> 01:17:19.439 prefer a round table of mahogany. I am always very happy. 1324 01:17:20.119 --> 01:17:22.640 My brother is so good. He gives all he has 1325 01:17:22.680 --> 01:17:25.439 to the poor and sick. We are very much cramped. 1326 01:17:26.119 --> 01:17:28.199 The country is trying in the winter, and we really 1327 01:17:28.279 --> 01:17:30.680 must do something for those who are in need. We 1328 01:17:30.720 --> 01:17:34.399 are almost comfortably lighted and warmed. You see that these 1329 01:17:34.399 --> 01:17:38.399 are great treats. My brother has ways of his own. 1330 01:17:39.119 --> 01:17:41.199 When he talks, he says that a bishop ought to 1331 01:17:41.199 --> 01:17:44.000 be so. Just imagine. The door of our house is 1332 01:17:44.039 --> 01:17:47.399 never fastened. Whoever chooses to enter finds himself at once 1333 01:17:47.439 --> 01:17:50.479 in my brother's room. He fears nothing, even at night. 1334 01:17:51.239 --> 01:17:54.760 This is his sort of bravery. He says he does 1335 01:17:54.800 --> 01:17:57.479 not wish me or Madame Magloire feel any fear for him. 1336 01:17:58.000 --> 01:18:00.439 He exposes himself to all sorts of dangers, and he 1337 01:18:00.479 --> 01:18:02.680 does not like to have us even seem to notice it. 1338 01:18:03.319 --> 01:18:06.680 One must know how to understand him. He goes out 1339 01:18:06.720 --> 01:18:08.800 in the rain, he walks in the water. He travels 1340 01:18:08.840 --> 01:18:13.000 in winter. He fears neither suspicious roads, nor dangerous encounters, 1341 01:18:13.039 --> 01:18:16.680 nor night. Last year he went quite alone into a 1342 01:18:16.680 --> 01:18:19.840 country of robbers. He would not take us. He was 1343 01:18:19.880 --> 01:18:23.039 absent for a fortnight. On his return, nothing had happened 1344 01:18:23.079 --> 01:18:25.319 to him. He was thought to be dead, but was 1345 01:18:25.359 --> 01:18:27.760 perfectly well, and said, this is the way I have 1346 01:18:27.840 --> 01:18:30.720 been robbed. And then he opened a trunk full of jewels, 1347 01:18:30.720 --> 01:18:33.159 and all the jewels of the cathedral of Enprint, which 1348 01:18:33.199 --> 01:18:36.600 the thieves had given him. When he returned on that occasion, 1349 01:18:36.640 --> 01:18:39.800 I could not refrain from scolding him a little, taking care, however, 1350 01:18:39.880 --> 01:18:42.199 not to speak except when the carriage was making a noise, 1351 01:18:42.279 --> 01:18:45.520 so that no one might hear me. At first I 1352 01:18:45.600 --> 01:18:47.960 used to say to myself, there are no dangers which 1353 01:18:48.000 --> 01:18:50.960 will stop him. He is terrible. Now I have ended 1354 01:18:50.960 --> 01:18:53.760 by getting used to it. I make a sign to 1355 01:18:53.800 --> 01:18:56.560 Madame Maglois that she is not to oppose him. He 1356 01:18:56.680 --> 01:18:59.880 risks himself as he sees fit. I carry off Madame. 1357 01:19:00.560 --> 01:19:02.640 I enter my chamber. I pray for him, and I 1358 01:19:02.680 --> 01:19:05.960 fall asleep. I am at ease because I know that 1359 01:19:06.000 --> 01:19:07.840 if anything were to happen to him, it would be 1360 01:19:07.880 --> 01:19:10.560 the end of me. I should go to the Good 1361 01:19:10.600 --> 01:19:13.840 God with my brother and my bishop. It has cost 1362 01:19:13.880 --> 01:19:16.560 Madame Maglis more trouble than it did me to accustom 1363 01:19:16.600 --> 01:19:20.039 herself to what she terms his imprudences. But now the 1364 01:19:20.079 --> 01:19:23.399 habit has been acquired. We pray together, we tremble together, 1365 01:19:23.479 --> 01:19:26.520 and we fall asleep. If the devil were to enter 1366 01:19:26.560 --> 01:19:29.760 this house, he would be allowed to do so. After all, 1367 01:19:30.199 --> 01:19:31.960 what is there for us to fear? In this house? 1368 01:19:32.520 --> 01:19:34.399 There is always some one with us who is stronger 1369 01:19:34.399 --> 01:19:36.840 than me. The devil may pass through it, but the 1370 01:19:36.880 --> 01:19:41.600 Good God dwells here. This suffices me. My brother has 1371 01:19:41.600 --> 01:19:43.439 no longer any need of saying a word to me. 1372 01:19:44.039 --> 01:19:46.960 I understand him without his speaking, and we abandon ourselves 1373 01:19:47.000 --> 01:19:49.560 to the care of providence. That is the way one 1374 01:19:49.600 --> 01:19:52.119 has to do with a man who possesses grandeur of soul. 1375 01:19:53.479 --> 01:19:56.039 I have interrogated my brother with regard to the information 1376 01:19:56.079 --> 01:19:58.279 which he desired on the subject of the full family. 1377 01:19:59.199 --> 01:20:01.359 You are aware that he knows everything and that he 1378 01:20:01.399 --> 01:20:04.239 has memories, because he is still a very good royalist. 1379 01:20:05.039 --> 01:20:07.399 They really are a very ancient Norman family of the 1380 01:20:07.479 --> 01:20:12.079 generalship of Cannes. Five hundred years ago there was a 1381 01:20:12.199 --> 01:20:15.359 Raoul de Fout, a gen Devau, and a Tomas du Foul, 1382 01:20:15.720 --> 01:20:18.279 who were gentlemen, and one of whom was a seignor 1383 01:20:18.319 --> 01:20:22.920 de Rochefort. The last was guill Etienne Alexandre, and was 1384 01:20:23.000 --> 01:20:25.479 commander of a regiment and something in the light horse 1385 01:20:25.520 --> 01:20:30.800 of Bretagne. His daughter Marie Louise, married Atrien Charles de Gramaud, 1386 01:20:31.359 --> 01:20:34.079 son of the dup Luis de Rameaud, peer of France, 1387 01:20:34.680 --> 01:20:37.439 colonel of the French Guards and Lieutenant general of the Army. 1388 01:20:38.159 --> 01:20:44.359 It is written, faux faux and fouque. Good, Madam, recommend 1389 01:20:44.399 --> 01:20:47.199 us to the prayers of your sainted relative, Monsieur the Cardinal. 1390 01:20:47.880 --> 01:20:50.479 As for your dear Silvani, she has done well in 1391 01:20:50.560 --> 01:20:52.800 not wasting the few moments which she passes with you 1392 01:20:52.880 --> 01:20:55.720 in writing to me. She is well works as you 1393 01:20:55.760 --> 01:21:00.680 would wish, and loves me. That is all that I desire. 1394 01:21:01.399 --> 01:21:04.000 The souvenir which she sent through you reached me safely, 1395 01:21:04.119 --> 01:21:07.119 and it makes me very happy. My health is not 1396 01:21:07.199 --> 01:21:10.960 so very bad, and yet I grow thinner every day. Farewell. 1397 01:21:10.960 --> 01:21:12.960 My paper is at an end, and this forces me 1398 01:21:13.000 --> 01:21:17.920 to leave you a thousand good wishes. Baptistin p s. 1399 01:21:18.319 --> 01:21:20.960 Your grand nephew is charming. Do you know that he 1400 01:21:20.960 --> 01:21:24.039 will soon be five years old? Yesterday he saw some 1401 01:21:24.039 --> 01:21:26.600 one riding by on horseback who had on knee caps, 1402 01:21:26.760 --> 01:21:28.920 and he said, what has he got on his knees? 1403 01:21:30.159 --> 01:21:33.239 He is a charming child. His little brother is dragging 1404 01:21:33.239 --> 01:21:35.279 an old room about the room like a carriage and 1405 01:21:35.319 --> 01:21:40.720 saying oooo. As will be perceived from this letter, these 1406 01:21:40.760 --> 01:21:43.800 two women understood how to mold themselves to the bishop's ways, 1407 01:21:44.119 --> 01:21:47.279 with that special feminine genius which comprehends the man better 1408 01:21:47.279 --> 01:21:51.840 than he comprehends himself. The Bishop of Dinia, in spite 1409 01:21:51.840 --> 01:21:54.399 of his gentle and candid air, which never deserted him, 1410 01:21:54.560 --> 01:21:58.239 sometimes did things that were grand, bold and magnificent, without 1411 01:21:58.239 --> 01:22:01.680 seeming to have even a suspicion of the They trembled, 1412 01:22:01.720 --> 01:22:06.039 but they let him alone. Sometimes, Madame Maguire essayed a 1413 01:22:06.079 --> 01:22:10.439 remonstrance in advance, but never at the time nor afterwards. 1414 01:22:11.319 --> 01:22:13.439 They never interfered with him by so much as a 1415 01:22:13.479 --> 01:22:17.399 word or sign in any action, once entered upon at 1416 01:22:17.399 --> 01:22:20.239 certain moments, without his having occasion to mention it, when 1417 01:22:20.239 --> 01:22:23.960 he was not even conscious of it himself. In all probability, 1418 01:22:24.439 --> 01:22:27.600 so perfect was his simplicity. They vaguely felt that he 1419 01:22:27.680 --> 01:22:31.159 was acting as a bishop. Then they were nothing more 1420 01:22:31.199 --> 01:22:34.520 than two shadows in the house. They served him passively, 1421 01:22:34.560 --> 01:22:39.119 and if obedience consisted in disappearing, they disappeared. They understood, 1422 01:22:39.159 --> 01:22:42.680 with an admirable delicacy of instinct, that certain cares may 1423 01:22:42.720 --> 01:22:46.560 be put under constraint. Thus, even when believing him to 1424 01:22:46.560 --> 01:22:49.399 be in peril, they understood, I will not say his thought, 1425 01:22:49.640 --> 01:22:52.000 but his nature, to such a degree that they no 1426 01:22:52.039 --> 01:22:56.760 longer watched over him. They confided him to God. However, 1427 01:22:56.920 --> 01:22:59.840 Baptistine said, as we have just read that her brother's 1428 01:23:00.039 --> 01:23:03.359 and would prove her own. Madame Macrai did not say this, 1429 01:23:03.479 --> 01:23:04.159 but she knew it. 1430 01:23:09.880 --> 01:23:15.720 Book One, a Just Man, Chapter ten. The Bishop in 1431 01:23:15.760 --> 01:23:21.600 the presence of an unknown light, at an epoch a 1432 01:23:21.640 --> 01:23:24.159 little later than the date of the letter cided in 1433 01:23:24.199 --> 01:23:27.479 the preceding pages, he did a thing which, if the 1434 01:23:27.520 --> 01:23:30.960 whole town was to be believed, was even more hazardous 1435 01:23:31.239 --> 01:23:36.399 than his trip across the mountains infested with bandits. In 1436 01:23:36.479 --> 01:23:41.319 the country near Dina, a man lived quite alone. This man, 1437 01:23:41.399 --> 01:23:44.159 we will state at once, was a former member of 1438 01:23:44.199 --> 01:23:50.039 the Convention. His name was G member of the Convention. 1439 01:23:50.359 --> 01:23:53.079 G was mentioned with a sort of horror in the 1440 01:23:53.119 --> 01:23:57.600 little world of Dina, A member of the Convention. Can 1441 01:23:57.640 --> 01:24:02.039 you imagine such a thing that existed from the time 1442 01:24:02.079 --> 01:24:05.920 when people called each other thou and when they said citizen. 1443 01:24:07.039 --> 01:24:11.239 This man was almost a monster. He had not voted 1444 01:24:11.239 --> 01:24:14.640 for the death of the king, but almost he was 1445 01:24:14.680 --> 01:24:20.359 a quasi regicide. He had been a terrible man. How 1446 01:24:20.399 --> 01:24:22.800 did it happen that such a man had not been 1447 01:24:22.800 --> 01:24:25.680 brought before a provost's court on the return of the 1448 01:24:25.760 --> 01:24:29.640 legitimate princes? They need not have cut off his head, 1449 01:24:29.720 --> 01:24:34.079 if you please, clemency must be exercised, agreed, but a 1450 01:24:34.119 --> 01:24:39.640 good banishment for life, an example in short, et cetera. Besides, 1451 01:24:39.800 --> 01:24:42.840 he was an atheist, like all the rest of those people. 1452 01:24:44.359 --> 01:24:50.479 Gossip of the Geese about the vulture was G a vulture? 1453 01:24:50.560 --> 01:24:51.119 After all? 1454 01:24:52.279 --> 01:24:55.119 Yes, if he were to be judged by the element 1455 01:24:55.239 --> 01:24:59.399 of ferocity in the solitude of his As he had 1456 01:24:59.399 --> 01:25:02.119 not voted for the death of the king, he had 1457 01:25:02.159 --> 01:25:05.479 not been included in the decrees of exile, and had 1458 01:25:05.520 --> 01:25:09.880 been able to remain in France. He dwelt at a 1459 01:25:09.920 --> 01:25:12.600 distance of three quarters of an hour from the city, 1460 01:25:13.319 --> 01:25:17.159 far from any hamlet, far from any road, in some 1461 01:25:17.399 --> 01:25:20.760 hid in turn of a very wild valley. No one 1462 01:25:20.840 --> 01:25:25.079 knew exactly where he had there, it was said, a 1463 01:25:25.119 --> 01:25:30.680 sort of field, a hole, a lair. There were no neighbors, 1464 01:25:30.800 --> 01:25:35.239 not even passers by. Since he had dwelt in that valley, 1465 01:25:35.640 --> 01:25:38.760 the path which led thither had disappeared under a growth 1466 01:25:38.800 --> 01:25:43.159 of grass. The locality was spoken of as though it 1467 01:25:43.199 --> 01:25:48.920 had been the dwelling of a hangman. Nevertheless, the bishop 1468 01:25:49.039 --> 01:25:52.800 meditated on the subject, and from time to time he 1469 01:25:52.920 --> 01:25:55.760 gazed at the horizon at a point where a clump 1470 01:25:55.840 --> 01:25:58.520 of trees marked the valley of the former member of 1471 01:25:58.560 --> 01:26:03.000 the Convention, and he said, there is a soul yonder 1472 01:26:03.079 --> 01:26:08.039 which is lonely. And he added, deep in his own mind, 1473 01:26:09.359 --> 01:26:14.720 I owe him a visit, But let us avow it. 1474 01:26:15.399 --> 01:26:19.600 This idea, which seemed natural at the first blush appeared 1475 01:26:19.640 --> 01:26:24.680 to him after a moment's reflection, a strange, impossible, and 1476 01:26:24.960 --> 01:26:30.600 almost repulsive. For at bottom he shared the general impression, 1477 01:26:31.520 --> 01:26:35.439 and the old member of the convention inspired him, without 1478 01:26:35.479 --> 01:26:39.039 his being clearly conscious of the fact himself, with that 1479 01:26:39.279 --> 01:26:43.000 sentiment which borders on hate, and which is so well 1480 01:26:43.039 --> 01:26:49.319 expressed by the word estrangement. Still should the scab of 1481 01:26:49.359 --> 01:26:54.399 the sheep cause the shepherd to recoil? No, but what 1482 01:26:54.720 --> 01:27:00.399 a sheep? The good bishop was perplexed. Some times he 1483 01:27:00.439 --> 01:27:07.399 set out in that direction, then he returned. Finally. The 1484 01:27:07.520 --> 01:27:10.680 rumor one day spread through the town that a sort 1485 01:27:10.720 --> 01:27:13.760 of young shepherd who served the Member of the Convention 1486 01:27:13.880 --> 01:27:17.760 in his hovel, had come in quest of a doctor, 1487 01:27:17.800 --> 01:27:22.079 that the old wretch was dying, that paralysis was gaining 1488 01:27:22.119 --> 01:27:24.640 on him, and that he would not live over night. 1489 01:27:26.159 --> 01:27:32.000 Thank God, some added, the bishop took his staff, put 1490 01:27:32.039 --> 01:27:35.159 on his cloak on account of his two threadbare cassock, 1491 01:27:35.319 --> 01:27:38.720 as we have mentioned, and because of the evening breeze, 1492 01:27:38.720 --> 01:27:44.239 which was sure to rise soon and set out. The 1493 01:27:44.319 --> 01:27:47.800 sun was setting and had almost touched the horizon when 1494 01:27:47.800 --> 01:27:52.319 the Bishop arrived at the excommunicated spot with a certain 1495 01:27:52.399 --> 01:27:55.520 beating of the heart. He recognized the fact that he 1496 01:27:55.640 --> 01:28:00.000 was near the lair. He strode over a ditch, leaped ahead, 1497 01:28:00.560 --> 01:28:03.439 made his way through a fence of dead boughs, entered 1498 01:28:03.479 --> 01:28:06.439 a neglected paddock, took a few steps with a good 1499 01:28:06.520 --> 01:28:10.039 deal of boldness, and suddenly, at the extremity of the 1500 01:28:10.039 --> 01:28:14.239 waste land and behind lofty brambles, he caught sight of 1501 01:28:14.279 --> 01:28:19.720 the cavern. It was a very low hut, poor, small 1502 01:28:19.760 --> 01:28:24.439 and clean, with a vine nailed against the outside. Near 1503 01:28:24.520 --> 01:28:27.600 the door, in an old wheel chair, the arm chair 1504 01:28:27.640 --> 01:28:30.880 of the peasants, there was a white haired man smiling 1505 01:28:30.960 --> 01:28:35.960 at the sun. Near the seated man stood a young boy, 1506 01:28:36.359 --> 01:28:39.840 the shepherd lad. He was offering the old man a 1507 01:28:39.960 --> 01:28:44.159 jar of milk, while the bishop was watching him. The 1508 01:28:44.199 --> 01:28:48.760 old man spoke, thank you. He said, I need nothing, 1509 01:28:49.840 --> 01:28:54.359 and his smile quitted the sun to rest upon the child. 1510 01:28:55.359 --> 01:28:59.199 The Bishop stepped forward. At the sound which he made 1511 01:28:59.239 --> 01:29:02.680 in walking, the old man turned his head, and his 1512 01:29:02.760 --> 01:29:06.119 face expressed the sum total of the surprise which a 1513 01:29:06.159 --> 01:29:10.600 man can still feel after a long life. This is 1514 01:29:10.640 --> 01:29:13.520 the first time since I have been here, he said, 1515 01:29:13.840 --> 01:29:16.720 that any one has entered here. Who are you, sir? 1516 01:29:18.319 --> 01:29:25.199 The bishop answered, my name is bienvenue Muriel, bienvenu Muriel. 1517 01:29:25.880 --> 01:29:28.680 I have heard that name. Are you the man whom 1518 01:29:28.720 --> 01:29:35.000 the people call monseignor welcome? I am, the old man 1519 01:29:35.039 --> 01:29:38.600 resumed with a half smile. In that case, you are 1520 01:29:38.640 --> 01:29:45.079 my bishop, something of that sort, Enter, sir. The member 1521 01:29:45.119 --> 01:29:48.199 of the convention extended his hand to the bishop, but 1522 01:29:48.359 --> 01:29:52.479 the bishop did not take it. The bishop confined himself 1523 01:29:52.479 --> 01:29:55.439 to the remark. I am pleased to see that I 1524 01:29:55.479 --> 01:30:00.800 have been misinformed. You certainly do not seem to be ill, monsieur, 1525 01:30:01.279 --> 01:30:06.600 replied the old man. I am going to recover. He paused, 1526 01:30:06.800 --> 01:30:11.880 and then said, I shall die three hours. Hence, then 1527 01:30:11.920 --> 01:30:15.720 he continued, I am something of a doctor. I know 1528 01:30:15.840 --> 01:30:19.960 in what fashion the last hour draws on. Yesterday only 1529 01:30:20.000 --> 01:30:22.960 my feet were cold to day. The chill has ascended 1530 01:30:22.960 --> 01:30:26.159 to my knees. Now I feel it mounting to my waist. 1531 01:30:26.800 --> 01:30:30.399 When it reaches the heart, I shall stop. The sun 1532 01:30:30.439 --> 01:30:33.760 is beautiful, is it not. I had myself wheeled out 1533 01:30:33.760 --> 01:30:36.520 here to take a last look at things. You can 1534 01:30:36.560 --> 01:30:39.640 talk to me. It does not fatigue me. You have 1535 01:30:39.680 --> 01:30:41.600 done well to come and look at a man who 1536 01:30:41.640 --> 01:30:44.399 is on the point of death. It is well that 1537 01:30:44.439 --> 01:30:48.840 there should be witnesses at that moment. One has one's caprices. 1538 01:30:49.319 --> 01:30:52.399 I should have liked to last until the dawn, but 1539 01:30:52.720 --> 01:30:55.800 I know that I shall hardly live three hours. It 1540 01:30:55.840 --> 01:30:59.239 will be night. Then what does it matter? After all, 1541 01:30:59.600 --> 01:31:02.760 dying is a simple affair. One has no need of 1542 01:31:02.800 --> 01:31:05.960 the light for that, so be it. I shall die 1543 01:31:06.000 --> 01:31:11.720 by starlight. The old man turned to the shepherd, lad 1544 01:31:13.079 --> 01:31:15.960 go to thy bed. Thou wert awake all last night? 1545 01:31:16.119 --> 01:31:22.159 Thou art tired. The child entered the hut. The old 1546 01:31:22.239 --> 01:31:25.520 man followed him with his eyes and added, as though 1547 01:31:25.560 --> 01:31:30.439 speaking to himself, I shall die while he sleeps. The 1548 01:31:30.479 --> 01:31:36.479 two slumbers may be good neighbors. The bishop was not touched, 1549 01:31:36.479 --> 01:31:39.600 as it seems that he should have been. He did 1550 01:31:39.640 --> 01:31:43.000 not think that he discerned God in this manner of dying. 1551 01:31:44.439 --> 01:31:47.560 Let us say the whole, for these petty contradictions of 1552 01:31:47.600 --> 01:31:52.079 great hearts must be indicated like the rest. He who 1553 01:31:52.119 --> 01:31:55.760 on occasion was so fond of laughing at his grace, 1554 01:31:56.439 --> 01:31:59.800 was rather shocked and not being addressed as monseigneur, and 1555 01:32:00.000 --> 01:32:04.880 he was almost tempted to retort citizen. He was assailed 1556 01:32:05.000 --> 01:32:09.439 by a fancy for peevish familiarity common enough to doctors 1557 01:32:09.439 --> 01:32:14.279 and priests, but which was not habitual with him. This man, 1558 01:32:14.520 --> 01:32:18.159 after all, this member of the Convention, this representative of 1559 01:32:18.199 --> 01:32:21.439 the people, had been one of the powerful ones of 1560 01:32:21.479 --> 01:32:25.359 the earth for the first time in his life. Probably 1561 01:32:26.000 --> 01:32:30.840 the bishop felt in a mood to be severe. Meanwhile, 1562 01:32:31.279 --> 01:32:34.000 the member of the Convention had been surveying him with 1563 01:32:34.079 --> 01:32:38.720 a modest cordiality, and which one could have distinguished, possibly 1564 01:32:39.239 --> 01:32:42.560 that humility which is so fitting when one is on 1565 01:32:42.640 --> 01:32:47.800 the verge of returning to dust. The Bishop, on his side, 1566 01:32:48.279 --> 01:32:52.479 although he generally restrained his curiosity, which in his opinion 1567 01:32:52.600 --> 01:32:56.319 bordered on a fault, could not refrain from examining the 1568 01:32:56.359 --> 01:32:59.840 member of the Convention with an attention which, as it 1569 01:32:59.880 --> 01:33:03.079 did not have its course in sympathy, would have served 1570 01:33:03.119 --> 01:33:06.159 his conscience as a matter of reproach. In connection with 1571 01:33:06.279 --> 01:33:11.359 any other man, a member of the Convention produced in 1572 01:33:11.439 --> 01:33:14.560 him somewhat the effect of being outside the pale of 1573 01:33:14.600 --> 01:33:20.600 the law, even of the law of charity. G calm, 1574 01:33:20.920 --> 01:33:25.000 his body almost upright, his voice vibrating. Was one of 1575 01:33:25.039 --> 01:33:30.399 those octogenarians who formed the subject of astonishment to the physiologist. 1576 01:33:31.520 --> 01:33:35.359 The revolution had many of these men proportioned to the epoch. 1577 01:33:36.840 --> 01:33:40.119 In this old man, one was conscious of a man 1578 01:33:40.239 --> 01:33:43.920 put to the proof, though so near to his end, 1579 01:33:44.479 --> 01:33:48.960 he preserved all the gestures of health, in his clear glance, 1580 01:33:49.279 --> 01:33:52.800 in his firm tone, in the robust movement of his shoulders. 1581 01:33:53.359 --> 01:33:59.279 There was something calculated to disconcert death. Osrael the mohammedan 1582 01:33:59.359 --> 01:34:02.159 angel of the sad sepulcher, would have turned back and 1583 01:34:02.199 --> 01:34:06.319 thought that he had mistaken the door. G seemed to 1584 01:34:06.359 --> 01:34:10.479 be dying because he willed it. So there was freedom 1585 01:34:10.560 --> 01:34:15.680 in his agony. His legs alone were motionless. It was 1586 01:34:15.760 --> 01:34:20.039 there that the shadows held him fast. His feet were 1587 01:34:20.119 --> 01:34:23.840 cold and dead, but his head survived with all the 1588 01:34:23.880 --> 01:34:29.039 power of life and seemed full of light. G at 1589 01:34:29.079 --> 01:34:32.920 this solemn moment, resembled the king of that tale of 1590 01:34:32.960 --> 01:34:39.199 the Orient, who was flesh above and marble below. There 1591 01:34:39.279 --> 01:34:43.600 was a stone there. The bishop sat down. The exordium 1592 01:34:43.640 --> 01:34:48.479 was abrupt. I congratulate you, said he in the tone 1593 01:34:48.479 --> 01:34:51.920 which one uses for a Reprimand you did not vote 1594 01:34:51.960 --> 01:34:55.960 for the death of the king. After all, the old 1595 01:34:56.039 --> 01:34:58.960 member of the convention did not appear to notice the 1596 01:34:59.000 --> 01:35:03.600 bitter meaning under lying the words. After all, he replied 1597 01:35:04.520 --> 01:35:08.840 the smile had quite disappeared from his face. Do not 1598 01:35:09.039 --> 01:35:12.279 congratulate me too much, Sir, I did vote for the 1599 01:35:12.359 --> 01:35:16.840 death of the tyrant. It was the tone of austerity, 1600 01:35:17.159 --> 01:35:21.520 answering the tone of severity. What do you mean to say, 1601 01:35:22.199 --> 01:35:26.399 resumed the Bishop. I mean to say that man has 1602 01:35:26.439 --> 01:35:31.199 a tyrant ignorance. I voted for the death of that tyrant. 1603 01:35:32.000 --> 01:35:37.640 That tyrant engendered royalty, which is authority falsely understood, while 1604 01:35:37.720 --> 01:35:42.800 science is authority rightly understood. Man should be governed only 1605 01:35:42.880 --> 01:35:49.359 by science and conscience, added the Bishop. It is the 1606 01:35:49.399 --> 01:35:53.159 same thing. Conscience is the quantity of innate science, which 1607 01:35:53.199 --> 01:35:59.000 we have within us. Monseigneur Bienvenu listened in some astonishment 1608 01:35:59.039 --> 01:36:03.359 to this language, which was very new to him. The 1609 01:36:03.439 --> 01:36:07.720 member of the convention resumed. So far as Louis the 1610 01:36:07.760 --> 01:36:11.479 sixteenth was concerned, I said, no. I did not think 1611 01:36:11.520 --> 01:36:14.359 that I had the right to kill a man, but 1612 01:36:14.640 --> 01:36:18.760 I felt it by duty to exterminate evil. I voted 1613 01:36:18.840 --> 01:36:21.720 the end of the tyrant, that is to say, the 1614 01:36:21.920 --> 01:36:25.359 end of prostitution for woman, the end of slavery for man, 1615 01:36:25.840 --> 01:36:29.600 the end of night for the child. In voting for 1616 01:36:29.640 --> 01:36:34.039 the Republic, I voted for that I voted for fraternity 1617 01:36:34.279 --> 01:36:38.720 concord the dawn. I have aided in the overthrow of 1618 01:36:38.800 --> 01:36:43.520 prejudices and heirrors. The crumpling away of prejudices and heirrors 1619 01:36:43.560 --> 01:36:47.840 causes light. We have caused the fall of the old world, 1620 01:36:48.399 --> 01:36:52.319 and the old world, that vase of miseries has become, 1621 01:36:52.520 --> 01:36:56.199 through its upsetting upon the human race, an urn of joy, 1622 01:36:58.239 --> 01:37:03.600 mixed joy, said the Bishop. You may say troubled joy. 1623 01:37:04.399 --> 01:37:07.920 And today after that fatal return of the past, which 1624 01:37:07.960 --> 01:37:14.000 is called eighteen fourteen joy, which has disappeared alas the 1625 01:37:14.079 --> 01:37:18.720 work was incomplete, I admit we demolished the ancient regime 1626 01:37:18.800 --> 01:37:22.439 in deeds, we were not able to suppress it entirely 1627 01:37:22.479 --> 01:37:28.439 in ideas. To destroy abuses is not sufficient. Customs must 1628 01:37:28.479 --> 01:37:33.079 be modified. The mill is there no longer, the wind 1629 01:37:33.359 --> 01:37:38.479 is still there. You have demolished. It may be of 1630 01:37:38.600 --> 01:37:42.920 use to demolish. But I distrust demolition complicated with wrath. 1631 01:37:44.600 --> 01:37:48.159 Right has its wrath, Bishop, and the wrath of right 1632 01:37:48.399 --> 01:37:52.039 is an element of progress. In any case, and in 1633 01:37:52.079 --> 01:37:55.840 spite of whatever may be said, the French Revolution is 1634 01:37:55.880 --> 01:37:58.399 the most important step of the human race since the 1635 01:37:58.479 --> 01:38:03.760 Advent of Christ. Incomplete, it may be but sublime. It 1636 01:38:03.880 --> 01:38:08.760 set free all the unknown social quantities. It softened spirits, 1637 01:38:09.000 --> 01:38:13.960 it calmed, appeased, enlightened. It caused the waves of civilization 1638 01:38:14.159 --> 01:38:18.199 to flow over the earth. It was a good thing. 1639 01:38:19.039 --> 01:38:25.399 The French Revolution is the consecration of humanity. The bishop 1640 01:38:25.520 --> 01:38:31.800 could not refrain from murmuring, Yes, ninety three. The member 1641 01:38:31.840 --> 01:38:34.960 of the Convention straightened himself up in his chair with 1642 01:38:35.039 --> 01:38:39.079 an almost lugubrious solemnity, and exclaimed, so far as a 1643 01:38:39.159 --> 01:38:43.399 dying man is capable of exclamation, Ah, there you go, 1644 01:38:43.840 --> 01:38:48.479 ninety three. I was expecting that word. A cloud had 1645 01:38:48.520 --> 01:38:52.319 been forming for the space of fifteen hundred years. At 1646 01:38:52.359 --> 01:38:55.479 the end of fifteen hundred years, at first you are 1647 01:38:55.520 --> 01:39:01.720 putting the thunderbolt on its trial. The bishop felt, without 1648 01:39:01.800 --> 01:39:08.239 perhaps confessing it, that something within him had suffered extinction. Nevertheless, 1649 01:39:08.319 --> 01:39:11.039 he put a good face on the matter. He replied, 1650 01:39:12.119 --> 01:39:15.479 the judge speaks in the name of justice. The priest 1651 01:39:15.560 --> 01:39:18.159 speaks in the name of pity, which is nothing but 1652 01:39:18.199 --> 01:39:22.560 a more lofty justice. A thunderbolt should commit no error. 1653 01:39:23.960 --> 01:39:27.439 And he added, regarding the member of the convention, Steadily 1654 01:39:27.520 --> 01:39:34.239 the while Louis the seventeenth, the conventionary stretched forth his 1655 01:39:34.359 --> 01:39:39.760 hand and grasped the bishop's arm. Louis the seventeenth, let 1656 01:39:39.840 --> 01:39:43.239 us see for whom do you mourn? Is it for 1657 01:39:43.319 --> 01:39:47.199 the innocent child? Very good? In that case? I mourn 1658 01:39:47.279 --> 01:39:51.720 with you? Is it for the royal child? I demand 1659 01:39:51.760 --> 01:39:52.720 time for reflection? 1660 01:39:53.880 --> 01:39:54.199 To me? 1661 01:39:54.600 --> 01:39:58.399 The brother of Cartouche, an innocent child who was hung 1662 01:39:58.520 --> 01:40:01.039 up by the armpits in the Plus to Grev until 1663 01:40:01.159 --> 01:40:04.600 death ensued for the sole crime of having been the 1664 01:40:04.600 --> 01:40:08.720 brother of Cartouche, is no less painful than the grandson 1665 01:40:08.840 --> 01:40:12.840 of Louis the fifteenth, an innocent child martyred in the 1666 01:40:12.880 --> 01:40:15.800 tower of the temple for the sole crime of having 1667 01:40:15.840 --> 01:40:21.760 been grandson of Louis the fifteenth. Monsieur said the bishop, 1668 01:40:22.119 --> 01:40:28.159 I like not this conjunction of names, Cartouche Louis the fifteenth, 1669 01:40:28.640 --> 01:40:33.760 to which of the two do you object? A momentary 1670 01:40:33.920 --> 01:40:39.479 silence ensued. The Bishop almost regretted having come, and yet 1671 01:40:39.800 --> 01:40:47.880 he felt vaguely and strangely shaken. The conventionary resumed, Ah, Monsieur, priest, 1672 01:40:48.119 --> 01:40:53.000 you love not the crudities of the true Christ loved them. 1673 01:40:53.520 --> 01:40:57.680 He seized a rod and cleared out the temple. His scourge, 1674 01:40:57.800 --> 01:41:01.760 full of lightnings, was a harsh speaker of truths. When 1675 01:41:01.800 --> 01:41:06.039 he cried simitae parvlos, he made no distinction between the 1676 01:41:06.119 --> 01:41:10.359 little children. It would not have embarrassed him to bring 1677 01:41:10.439 --> 01:41:13.640 together the dolphin of Brabas and the Douphin of Herod. 1678 01:41:14.319 --> 01:41:18.840 Innocence monsieur is its own crown. Innocence has no need 1679 01:41:18.920 --> 01:41:22.479 to be a highness. It is as August in rags 1680 01:41:22.479 --> 01:41:26.920 as in Fleur de lis. That is true, said the 1681 01:41:26.960 --> 01:41:33.159 bishop in a low voice. I persist, continued the Conventionary G. 1682 01:41:34.279 --> 01:41:38.079 You have mentioned Louis the seventeenth to me. Let us 1683 01:41:38.159 --> 01:41:42.640 come to an understanding. Shall we weep for all the innocent, 1684 01:41:42.920 --> 01:41:46.800 all martyrs, all children, the lowly, as well as the exalted. 1685 01:41:47.720 --> 01:41:50.960 I agree to that. But in that case, as I 1686 01:41:51.039 --> 01:41:54.439 have told you, we must go back further than ninety three, 1687 01:41:54.760 --> 01:41:59.119 and our tears must begin before Louis the seventeenth. I 1688 01:41:59.199 --> 01:42:02.479 will weep with you over the children of kings, provided 1689 01:42:02.520 --> 01:42:05.000 that you will weep with me over the children of 1690 01:42:05.039 --> 01:42:11.520 the people. I weep for all, said the bishop, equally 1691 01:42:12.159 --> 01:42:17.000 exclaimed Conventionary G. And if the balance must incline, let 1692 01:42:17.039 --> 01:42:19.800 it be on the side of the people. They have 1693 01:42:19.880 --> 01:42:27.720 been suffering longer, another silence ensued. The conventionary was the 1694 01:42:27.760 --> 01:42:31.840 first to break it. He raised himself on one elbow, 1695 01:42:32.359 --> 01:42:34.479 took a bit of his cheek between his thumb and 1696 01:42:34.520 --> 01:42:39.119 his forefinger, as one does mechanically when one interrogates and judges, 1697 01:42:39.840 --> 01:42:42.319 and appealed to the bishop with a gaze full of 1698 01:42:42.359 --> 01:42:45.880 all the forces of the death agony. It was almost 1699 01:42:45.960 --> 01:42:51.159 an explosion. Yes, sir, the people have been suffering a 1700 01:42:51.279 --> 01:42:56.399 long while. And hold that is not all either. Why 1701 01:42:56.439 --> 01:42:59.439 have you just questioned me and talked to me about 1702 01:42:59.439 --> 01:43:03.720 Louis the Sand seventeenth? I know you not. Ever since 1703 01:43:03.760 --> 01:43:05.960 I have been in these parts, I have dwelt in 1704 01:43:06.039 --> 01:43:10.319 this enclosure alone, never setting foot outside, and seeing no 1705 01:43:10.359 --> 01:43:13.640 one but that child who helps me. Your name has 1706 01:43:13.680 --> 01:43:16.560 reached me in a confused manner. It is true, and 1707 01:43:16.840 --> 01:43:20.880 very badly pronounced, I must admit, But that signifies nothing. 1708 01:43:21.560 --> 01:43:24.600 Clever men have so many ways of imposing on that 1709 01:43:24.680 --> 01:43:28.279 honest goodman the people. By the way, I did not 1710 01:43:28.439 --> 01:43:31.840 hear the sound of your carriage. You have left it yonder, 1711 01:43:32.039 --> 01:43:34.800 beyond the coppice at the fork of the roads. No doubt, 1712 01:43:35.600 --> 01:43:38.960 I do not know you. I tell you. You have told 1713 01:43:39.000 --> 01:43:42.159 me that you are the bishop, but that affords me 1714 01:43:42.239 --> 01:43:46.840 no information as to your moral personality. In short, I 1715 01:43:46.920 --> 01:43:51.439 repeat my question, who are you? You are a bishop, 1716 01:43:52.000 --> 01:43:54.960 that is to say, a prince of the church, one 1717 01:43:55.000 --> 01:43:58.439 of those gilded men with heraldic bearings and revenues, who 1718 01:43:58.479 --> 01:44:03.720 have vast prebends the bishopric of Digna fifteen thousand francs 1719 01:44:03.760 --> 01:44:09.520 settled income, ten thousand in perquisites total twenty five thousand francs, 1720 01:44:10.079 --> 01:44:13.640 who have kitchens, who have liveries, who make good cheer, 1721 01:44:13.960 --> 01:44:17.439 who eat more hens on Friday, who scrut about a 1722 01:44:17.560 --> 01:44:20.920 lackey before a lackey behind in a galaic coach, and 1723 01:44:20.960 --> 01:44:24.199 who have palaces, and who roll in their carriages in 1724 01:44:24.239 --> 01:44:28.239 the name of Jesus Christ, who went barefoot. You are 1725 01:44:28.279 --> 01:44:33.399 a prelate revenues, palace, horses, servants, good table, all the 1726 01:44:33.520 --> 01:44:37.880 sensualities of life. You have this like the rest, and 1727 01:44:38.159 --> 01:44:42.000 like the rest, you enjoy it. It is well. But 1728 01:44:42.159 --> 01:44:45.800 this says either too much or too little. This does 1729 01:44:45.920 --> 01:44:49.840 not enlighten me upon the intrinsic and essential value of 1730 01:44:49.920 --> 01:44:53.359 the man who comes with the probable intention of bringing 1731 01:44:53.399 --> 01:44:57.880 wisdom to me. To whom do I speak? Who are you. 1732 01:45:00.399 --> 01:45:04.960 The Bishop hung his head and replied, fermi soom I 1733 01:45:05.000 --> 01:45:09.119 am a worm, a worm of the earth, and a carriage, 1734 01:45:09.680 --> 01:45:14.600 growled the conventionary. It was the Conventionary's turn to be 1735 01:45:14.760 --> 01:45:19.920 arrogant and the bishops to be humble. The Bishop resumed mildly. 1736 01:45:21.000 --> 01:45:24.399 So be it, sir, but explain to me how my carriage, 1737 01:45:24.560 --> 01:45:27.319 which is a few paces off beyond the trees yonder, 1738 01:45:27.800 --> 01:45:30.039 How my good table and the moor hens which I 1739 01:45:30.079 --> 01:45:33.680 eat on Friday. How my twenty five thousand francs income, 1740 01:45:34.079 --> 01:45:37.439 How my palace and my lackeys prove that clemency is 1741 01:45:37.520 --> 01:45:40.680 not a duty, and that ninety three was not inexorable. 1742 01:45:42.880 --> 01:45:46.479 The Conventionary passed a hand across his brow, as though 1743 01:45:46.520 --> 01:45:51.479 to sweep away a cloud. Before replying to you, he said, 1744 01:45:51.920 --> 01:45:55.199 I beseech you to pardon me. I have just committed 1745 01:45:55.239 --> 01:45:55.560 a wrong. 1746 01:45:55.600 --> 01:45:55.800 Sir. 1747 01:45:56.520 --> 01:45:58.960 You are at my house, you are my guest. I 1748 01:45:59.039 --> 01:46:02.960 owe you courtesy. You discuss my ideas, and it becomes 1749 01:46:03.000 --> 01:46:06.800 me to confine myself to combating your arguments. Your riches 1750 01:46:06.840 --> 01:46:09.439 and your pleasures are advantages which I hold over you 1751 01:46:09.520 --> 01:46:12.560 in the debate. But good taste dictates that I shall 1752 01:46:12.560 --> 01:46:15.359 not make use of them. I promise you to make 1753 01:46:15.439 --> 01:46:18.600 no use of them in the future. I thank you, 1754 01:46:19.079 --> 01:46:24.760 said the bishop g resumed. Let us return to the 1755 01:46:24.840 --> 01:46:26.720 explanation which you have asked of me. 1756 01:46:27.399 --> 01:46:27.920 Where were we? 1757 01:46:28.520 --> 01:46:34.479 What were you saying to me that ninety three was inexorable? Inexorable? Yes, 1758 01:46:34.880 --> 01:46:38.439 said the bishop, What think you of Maraut clapping his 1759 01:46:38.560 --> 01:46:43.079 hands at the guillotine? What think you of Bossuet? Chanting 1760 01:46:43.119 --> 01:46:47.640 the te deum over the dragonade. The retort was a 1761 01:46:47.680 --> 01:46:51.479 harsh one, but it attained its mark with the directness 1762 01:46:51.520 --> 01:46:55.079 of a point of steel. The bishop quivered under it. 1763 01:46:56.199 --> 01:46:59.520 No reply occurred to him, but he was offended by 1764 01:46:59.560 --> 01:47:03.640 this mode of alluding to Bossuet. The best of mines 1765 01:47:03.760 --> 01:47:07.840 will have their fetishes, and they sometimes feel vaguely wounded 1766 01:47:08.119 --> 01:47:14.000 by the want of respect of logic. The conventionary began 1767 01:47:14.079 --> 01:47:18.079 to pant. The asthma of the agony, which is mingled 1768 01:47:18.079 --> 01:47:22.520 with the last breaths, interrupted his voice. Still there was 1769 01:47:22.560 --> 01:47:26.520 a perfect lucidity of soul in his eyes. He went on, 1770 01:47:28.159 --> 01:47:30.960 let me say a few words more in this and 1771 01:47:31.000 --> 01:47:35.560 that direction. I am willing apart from the revolution, which 1772 01:47:35.640 --> 01:47:39.680 taken as a whole, is an immense human affirmation ninety 1773 01:47:39.720 --> 01:47:44.720 three is alas a rejoinder. You think it inexorable, sir, 1774 01:47:45.279 --> 01:47:47.039 But what of the whole monarchy? 1775 01:47:47.119 --> 01:47:47.319 Sir? 1776 01:47:48.079 --> 01:47:50.880 Carrier is a bandit? But what name do you give 1777 01:47:50.880 --> 01:47:55.399 to montravel Fouquier? Conville is a rascal? But what is 1778 01:47:55.439 --> 01:47:59.520 your opinion as to La Mognon Baville. My yard is terrible, 1779 01:48:00.119 --> 01:48:05.239 but so Tavaan, if you please. Duquenseignor is ferocious, But 1780 01:48:05.319 --> 01:48:08.399 what epithet will you allow me? For the elder LeTellier 1781 01:48:09.399 --> 01:48:13.039 Geordan Couptet is a monster, but not so great a 1782 01:48:13.119 --> 01:48:18.399 one as Monsieur the Marquis de Louvois. Sir, Sir, I 1783 01:48:18.439 --> 01:48:23.279 am sorry for Marie Antoinette, Archduchess and Queen. But I 1784 01:48:23.319 --> 01:48:27.039 am also sorry for that poor Huguenot woman who, in 1785 01:48:27.199 --> 01:48:30.960 sixteen eighty five, under Louis the Great, Sir, while with 1786 01:48:31.199 --> 01:48:35.199 a nursing infant, was bound naked to the waist to 1787 01:48:35.319 --> 01:48:38.960 a stake, and the child kept at a distance. Her 1788 01:48:39.000 --> 01:48:42.960 breast swelled with milk and her heart with anguish. The 1789 01:48:43.039 --> 01:48:46.720 little one, hungry and pale, beheld that breast and cried 1790 01:48:46.920 --> 01:48:51.319 and agonized. The executioner said to the woman, a mother 1791 01:48:51.439 --> 01:48:56.199 and a nurse abjure, giving her her choice between the 1792 01:48:56.319 --> 01:48:59.880 death of her infant and the death of her conscience. 1793 01:49:01.000 --> 01:49:04.479 What say you to that torture of Tantalus as applied 1794 01:49:04.600 --> 01:49:09.520 to a mother? Bear this well in mind, sir. The 1795 01:49:09.560 --> 01:49:15.319 French Revolution had its reasons for existence. Its wrath will 1796 01:49:15.359 --> 01:49:19.399 be absolved by the future. Its result is the world 1797 01:49:19.600 --> 01:49:24.800 made better from its most terrible blows. There comes forth 1798 01:49:24.960 --> 01:49:30.039 a caress for the human race. I abridge, I stop, 1799 01:49:30.560 --> 01:49:35.640 I have too much the advantage. Moreover, I am dying 1800 01:49:37.840 --> 01:49:41.880 and ceasing to gaze at the Bishop. The Conventionary concluded 1801 01:49:41.920 --> 01:49:47.720 his thoughts in these tranquil words. Yes, the brutalities of 1802 01:49:47.840 --> 01:49:52.680 progress are called revolutions. When they are over. This fact 1803 01:49:52.800 --> 01:49:56.600 is recognized that the human race has been treated harshly, 1804 01:49:57.199 --> 01:50:03.760 but that it has progressed. The Conventionary doubted not that 1805 01:50:03.880 --> 01:50:07.920 he had successively conquered all the inmost entrenchments of the Bishop. 1806 01:50:09.239 --> 01:50:14.159 One remained, however, and from this entrenchment the last resource 1807 01:50:14.239 --> 01:50:19.680 of Monseigneur Bienvenu's resistance came forth this reply, wherein appeared 1808 01:50:19.840 --> 01:50:24.920 nearly all the harshness of the beginning. Progress should believe 1809 01:50:25.079 --> 01:50:29.680 in God, good cannot have an impious servitor. He who 1810 01:50:29.720 --> 01:50:32.039 is an atheist is but a bad leader for the 1811 01:50:32.119 --> 01:50:38.560 human race. The former representative of the people made no reply. 1812 01:50:39.840 --> 01:50:43.800 He was seized with a fit of trembling. He looked 1813 01:50:43.840 --> 01:50:47.479 towards heaven, and in his glance a tear gathered. Slowly. 1814 01:50:48.880 --> 01:50:51.960 When the eyelid was full, the tear trickled down his 1815 01:50:52.039 --> 01:50:56.760 livid cheek, and he said, almost in a stammer, quite low, 1816 01:50:57.199 --> 01:51:00.479 and to himself, while his eyes were plunged in depths, 1817 01:51:01.840 --> 01:51:11.119 Oh thou o ideal, thou alone existest. The bishop experienced 1818 01:51:11.159 --> 01:51:17.279 an indescribable shock. After a pause, the old man raised 1819 01:51:17.279 --> 01:51:24.119 a finger heavenward and said, the infinite is He is there. 1820 01:51:25.079 --> 01:51:29.680 If the infinite had no person, person would be without limit. 1821 01:51:30.600 --> 01:51:33.800 It would not be infinite. In other words, it would 1822 01:51:33.920 --> 01:51:39.479 not exist. There is then an eye. That eye of 1823 01:51:39.520 --> 01:51:46.199 the infinite is God. The dying man had pronounced these 1824 01:51:46.279 --> 01:51:49.760 last words in a loud voice, and with the shiver 1825 01:51:49.920 --> 01:51:54.720 of ecstasy, as though he beheld some one. When he 1826 01:51:54.800 --> 01:51:59.439 had spoken, his eyes closed. The effort had exhausted him. 1827 01:52:00.640 --> 01:52:03.159 It was evident that he had just lived through, in 1828 01:52:03.199 --> 01:52:06.399 a moment the few hours which had been left to him. 1829 01:52:07.760 --> 01:52:11.000 That which he had said, brought him nearer to him 1830 01:52:11.079 --> 01:52:16.920 who is in death. The supreme moment was approaching. The 1831 01:52:16.960 --> 01:52:21.920 bishop understood this time pressed it was as a priest 1832 01:52:22.039 --> 01:52:26.159 that he had come from extreme coldness. He had passed 1833 01:52:26.199 --> 01:52:31.239 by degrees to extreme emotion. He gazed at those closed eyes. 1834 01:52:32.039 --> 01:52:35.600 He took that wrinkled, aged and ice cold handed his 1835 01:52:36.520 --> 01:52:41.800 and bent over the dying man. This hour is the 1836 01:52:41.920 --> 01:52:44.920 hour of God. Do you not think that it would 1837 01:52:44.920 --> 01:52:50.439 be regrettable if we had met in vain? The conventionary 1838 01:52:50.600 --> 01:52:54.840 opened his eyes again. A gravity mingled with gloom was 1839 01:52:54.880 --> 01:53:00.880 imprinted on his countenance. Bishop said he with a slowness, 1840 01:53:00.960 --> 01:53:04.479 which probably arose more from his dignity of soul than 1841 01:53:04.520 --> 01:53:08.399 from the failing of his strength. I have passed my 1842 01:53:08.520 --> 01:53:14.479 life in meditation, study and contemplation. I was sixty years 1843 01:53:14.520 --> 01:53:17.800 of age when my country called me and commanded me 1844 01:53:17.960 --> 01:53:23.600 to concern myself with its affairs. I obeyed. Abuses existed, 1845 01:53:24.319 --> 01:53:30.760 I combated them. Tyrannies existed, I destroyed them. Rights and 1846 01:53:30.920 --> 01:53:37.520 principles existed. I proclaimed and confessed them. Our territory was invaded, 1847 01:53:38.000 --> 01:53:42.960 I defended it. France was menaced. I offered my breast. 1848 01:53:44.399 --> 01:53:49.399 I was not rich. I am poor. I have been 1849 01:53:49.479 --> 01:53:53.119 one of the masters of the state. The vaults of 1850 01:53:53.159 --> 01:53:56.720 the treasury were encumbered with specie to such a degree 1851 01:53:56.920 --> 01:54:00.199 that we were forced to shore up the walls, which 1852 01:54:00.239 --> 01:54:02.720 were on the point of bursting beneath the weight of 1853 01:54:02.800 --> 01:54:07.359 gold and silver. I dined in dead Tree Street at 1854 01:54:07.439 --> 01:54:11.640 twenty two sous. I have succored the oppressed. I have 1855 01:54:11.800 --> 01:54:15.960 comforted the suffering. I tore the cloth from the altar, 1856 01:54:16.119 --> 01:54:18.920 it is true, but it was to bind up the 1857 01:54:18.960 --> 01:54:23.720 wounds of my country. I have always upheld the marsh 1858 01:54:23.800 --> 01:54:27.920 forward of the human race, forward towards the light, and 1859 01:54:28.039 --> 01:54:33.439 I have sometimes resisted progress without pity. I have, when 1860 01:54:33.479 --> 01:54:38.880 the occasion offered, protected my own adversaries, men of your profession. 1861 01:54:40.000 --> 01:54:43.560 And there is at Pettigam in Flanders, at the very 1862 01:54:43.800 --> 01:54:47.520 spot where the Merovingian kings has their summer palace, a 1863 01:54:47.640 --> 01:54:52.039 convent of urbanists, the abbey of Saint Clair A Bolleaux, 1864 01:54:52.359 --> 01:54:57.199 which I saved in seventeen ninety three. I have done 1865 01:54:57.239 --> 01:55:00.560 my duty according to my powers, and all the good 1866 01:55:00.640 --> 01:55:07.479 that I was able, after which I was hunted down, pursued, persecuted, blackened, 1867 01:55:07.640 --> 01:55:13.760 cheered at, scorned, cursed prescribed. For many years past, I, 1868 01:55:14.039 --> 01:55:17.479 with my white hair, have been conscious that many people 1869 01:55:17.560 --> 01:55:21.760 think they have the right to despise me. To the poor, 1870 01:55:21.800 --> 01:55:26.560 ignorant masses, I present the visage of one damned, and 1871 01:55:26.680 --> 01:55:31.720 I accept this isolation of hatred without hating any one myself. 1872 01:55:32.920 --> 01:55:35.359 Now I am eighty six years old. 1873 01:55:36.039 --> 01:55:36.720 I am on the. 1874 01:55:36.680 --> 01:55:40.359 Point of death. What is it that you have come 1875 01:55:40.439 --> 01:55:47.159 to ask of me your blessing? Said the bishop, and 1876 01:55:47.279 --> 01:55:52.520 he knelt down. When the Bishop raised his head again, 1877 01:55:53.159 --> 01:55:57.399 the face of the conventionary had become august. He had 1878 01:55:57.439 --> 01:56:04.239 just expired. The Bishop returned home, deeply absorbed in thoughts 1879 01:56:04.439 --> 01:56:08.000 which cannot be known to us. He passed the whole 1880 01:56:08.079 --> 01:56:12.560 night in prayer. On the following morning, some bold and 1881 01:56:12.680 --> 01:56:16.319 curious persons attempted to speak to him about member of 1882 01:56:16.359 --> 01:56:23.239 the convention g. He contented himself with pointing heavenward. From 1883 01:56:23.239 --> 01:56:27.680 that moment he redoubled his tenderness and brotherly feeling towards 1884 01:56:27.720 --> 01:56:34.279 all children and sufferers. Any allusion to that old wretch 1885 01:56:34.319 --> 01:56:38.600 of a g caused him to fall into a singular preoccupation. 1886 01:56:40.159 --> 01:56:43.119 No one could say that the passage of that soul 1887 01:56:43.199 --> 01:56:47.119 before his and the reflection of that grand conscience upon 1888 01:56:47.199 --> 01:56:51.359 his did not count for something in his approach to perfection. 1889 01:56:53.439 --> 01:56:57.760 This pastoral visit naturally furnished an occasion for a murmur 1890 01:56:57.800 --> 01:57:02.239 of comment in all the little local codies. It was 1891 01:57:02.319 --> 01:57:04.800 the bedside of such a dying man, as that the 1892 01:57:04.840 --> 01:57:08.279 proper place for a bishop. There was evidently no conversion 1893 01:57:08.319 --> 01:57:13.119 to be expected. All those revolutionists are backsliders. Then I 1894 01:57:13.199 --> 01:57:16.479 go there? What was there to be seen there? He 1895 01:57:16.600 --> 01:57:19.399 must have been very curious, indeed, to see his soul 1896 01:57:19.520 --> 01:57:24.359 carried off by the devil. One day, a dowager of 1897 01:57:24.439 --> 01:57:29.079 the impertinent variety, who thinks herself spiritual, addressed this sally 1898 01:57:29.119 --> 01:57:34.560 to him. People are requiring when your greatness will receive 1899 01:57:34.640 --> 01:57:40.039 the red cap. Oh oh, that's a coarse color, replied 1900 01:57:40.119 --> 01:57:44.000 the bishop. It is lucky that those who despise it 1901 01:57:44.039 --> 01:57:46.359 in a cap reve it in a hat. 1902 01:57:49.319 --> 01:57:59.319 And book one hs Man, chapter eleven a restriction. We 1903 01:57:59.359 --> 01:58:02.680 should incur a great risk of deceiving ourselves were we 1904 01:58:02.760 --> 01:58:06.560 to conclude from this that Monseigneur Welcome was a philosophical 1905 01:58:06.600 --> 01:58:11.279 bishop or a patriotic cure. His meeting, which may also 1906 01:58:11.319 --> 01:58:15.880 be designated as his union with conventionary g left behind 1907 01:58:15.880 --> 01:58:18.880 it in his mind a sort of astonishment which rendered 1908 01:58:18.960 --> 01:58:25.159 him still more gentle. That is all, although Monseigneur Bavenue 1909 01:58:25.199 --> 01:58:28.359 was far from being a politician, this is perhaps the 1910 01:58:28.359 --> 01:58:31.600 place to indicate very briefly what his attitude was in 1911 01:58:31.680 --> 01:58:35.159 the events of that epoch. Supposing that Monseigneur ba Avenue 1912 01:58:35.399 --> 01:58:38.960 ever dreamed of having an attitude, let us then go 1913 01:58:39.079 --> 01:58:43.039 back a few years. Some time after the elevation of 1914 01:58:43.079 --> 01:58:46.880 Monsieur Marchelle to the episcopit, the Emperor had made him 1915 01:58:46.880 --> 01:58:50.279 a baron of the Empire in company with many other bishops. 1916 01:58:50.880 --> 01:58:53.600 The arrest of the pope took place, as everyone knows, 1917 01:58:54.000 --> 01:58:56.199 on the night of the fifth the sixth of July 1918 01:58:56.479 --> 01:59:01.159 eighteen o nine. On this occasion, Monsieur Marrie was summoned 1919 01:59:01.199 --> 01:59:03.800 by Napoleon to the Senate of the Bishops of France 1920 01:59:03.840 --> 01:59:07.600 and Italy, convened at Paris. This synod was held at 1921 01:59:07.640 --> 01:59:10.199 Notre Dame and assembled for the first time on the 1922 01:59:10.239 --> 01:59:14.840 fifteenth of June eighteen eleven under the presidency of Cardinal Fesque. 1923 01:59:15.319 --> 01:59:18.039 Monsieur Mauriel was one of the ninety five bishops who 1924 01:59:18.039 --> 01:59:20.920 attended it, but he was present only at one sitting 1925 01:59:21.199 --> 01:59:24.560 and at three or four private conferences. Bishop of a 1926 01:59:24.600 --> 01:59:28.399 mountain diocese, living so very close to nature in rusticity 1927 01:59:28.439 --> 01:59:32.119 and deprivation, it appeared that he imported among these eminent 1928 01:59:32.159 --> 01:59:36.520 personages ideas which altered the temperature of the assembly. He 1929 01:59:36.680 --> 01:59:39.840 very soon returned to Dina. He was interrogated as to 1930 01:59:39.840 --> 01:59:44.079 this speedy return, and he replied, I embarrassed them. The 1931 01:59:44.159 --> 01:59:47.439 outside air penetrated to them. Through me. I produced on 1932 01:59:47.479 --> 01:59:51.479 them the effect of an open door. On another occasion, 1933 01:59:51.520 --> 01:59:54.800 he said, what would you have? Those gentlemen are princess. 1934 01:59:55.439 --> 02:00:00.359 I am only a poor peasant bishop. The fact is 1935 02:00:00.399 --> 02:00:04.199 that he displeased them, among other strange things. It is 1936 02:00:04.239 --> 02:00:06.680 said that he chanced to remark one evening when he 1937 02:00:06.720 --> 02:00:08.640 found himself at the house of one of his most 1938 02:00:08.680 --> 02:00:14.920 notable colleagues, what beautiful clocks, what beautiful carpets, what beautiful liveries. 1939 02:00:15.319 --> 02:00:17.880 They must be a great trouble. I would not have 1940 02:00:17.920 --> 02:00:21.800 all these superfluities crying incessantly in my ears. There are 1941 02:00:21.840 --> 02:00:24.439 people who are hungry, there are people who are cold. 1942 02:00:24.800 --> 02:00:29.600 There are poor people. There are poor people. Let us remark, 1943 02:00:29.680 --> 02:00:32.000 by the way that the hatred of luxury is not 1944 02:00:32.079 --> 02:00:35.520 an intelligent hatred. This hatred would involve the hatred of 1945 02:00:35.560 --> 02:00:40.319 the arts. Nevertheless, in churchmen, luxury is wrong except in 1946 02:00:40.319 --> 02:00:44.760 connection with representations and ceremonies. It seems to reveal habits 1947 02:00:44.760 --> 02:00:47.840 which have very little that is charitable about them. An 1948 02:00:47.840 --> 02:00:51.359 opulent priest is a contradiction. The priest must keep close 1949 02:00:51.439 --> 02:00:55.159 to the poor. Now can one come in contact incessantly, 1950 02:00:55.279 --> 02:00:58.560 night and day with all this distress, all these misfortunes, 1951 02:00:58.560 --> 02:01:01.760 in this poverty, without having about one's own person a 1952 02:01:01.800 --> 02:01:05.159 little of that misery, like the dust of labor? Is 1953 02:01:05.199 --> 02:01:08.039 it possible to imagine a man near a brazier who 1954 02:01:08.119 --> 02:01:11.039 is not warm? Can one imagine a workman who is 1955 02:01:11.079 --> 02:01:14.039 working near a furnace, and who has neither a singed hair, 1956 02:01:14.119 --> 02:01:17.399 nor blackened nails, nor a drop of sweat, nor a 1957 02:01:17.439 --> 02:01:20.800 speck of ashes on his face? The first proof of 1958 02:01:20.880 --> 02:01:26.000 charity and the priest, in the bishop especially is poverty. This, 1959 02:01:26.199 --> 02:01:29.560 no doubt, is what the Bishop of Dnia thought. It 1960 02:01:29.640 --> 02:01:31.960 must not be supposed, however, that he shared what we 1961 02:01:32.000 --> 02:01:35.680 call the ideas of the sentry. On certain delicate points. 1962 02:01:36.319 --> 02:01:38.960 He took very little part in the theological quarrels of 1963 02:01:39.000 --> 02:01:42.359 the moment, and maintained silence on questions in which church 1964 02:01:42.399 --> 02:01:45.840 and state were implicated. But if he had been strongly pressed, 1965 02:01:46.319 --> 02:01:47.880 it seems that he would have been found to be 1966 02:01:47.920 --> 02:01:51.920 an ultra Montaigne rather than a Gallican. Since we are 1967 02:01:51.920 --> 02:01:54.039 making a portrait, and since we do not wish to 1968 02:01:54.039 --> 02:01:56.880 conceal anything, we are forced to add that he was 1969 02:01:56.960 --> 02:02:01.199 glacial towards Napoleon in his decline in eighteen thirteen. He 1970 02:02:01.279 --> 02:02:06.079 gave in his adherents to or applauded all hostile manifestations. 1971 02:02:06.119 --> 02:02:08.640 He refused to see him as he passed through on 1972 02:02:08.680 --> 02:02:11.640 his return from the island of Elba, and he abstained 1973 02:02:11.680 --> 02:02:14.520 from ordering public prayers for the Emperor and his diocese 1974 02:02:14.720 --> 02:02:20.560 during the hundred Days. Besides his sister, Mademoiselle Baptistein, he 1975 02:02:20.600 --> 02:02:24.479 had two brothers, one at general, the other prefect. He 1976 02:02:24.520 --> 02:02:27.800 wrote to both with tolerable frequency. He was harsh for 1977 02:02:27.840 --> 02:02:30.880 a time towards the former, because, holding a command in 1978 02:02:30.920 --> 02:02:34.560 Provence at the epoch of the disembarkation at Cannes, the 1979 02:02:34.640 --> 02:02:37.119 general had put himself at the head of twelve hundred 1980 02:02:37.119 --> 02:02:39.800 men and had pursued the Emperor as though the latter 1981 02:02:39.840 --> 02:02:42.800 had been a person whom one was desirous of allowing 1982 02:02:42.840 --> 02:02:47.640 to escape his correspondents. With the other brother, the ex Prefect, 1983 02:02:48.119 --> 02:02:50.960 a fine, worthy man who lived in retirement at Paris, 1984 02:02:51.319 --> 02:02:57.680 rue Caussette remained more affectionate. Thus, Monseigneur bia Avenue also 1985 02:02:57.720 --> 02:03:01.000 had his hour of party spirit, his hour of bitterness, 1986 02:03:01.119 --> 02:03:04.119 his cloud, the shadow of the passions of the moment 1987 02:03:04.199 --> 02:03:08.319 traversed to this grand and genital spirit occupied with eternal things. 1988 02:03:09.039 --> 02:03:11.159 Certainly such a man would have done well not to 1989 02:03:11.279 --> 02:03:14.880 entertain any political opinions. Let there be no mistake as 1990 02:03:14.920 --> 02:03:17.399 to our meaning. We are not confounding what is called 1991 02:03:17.520 --> 02:03:21.960 political opinions with the grand aspiration for progress, with the 1992 02:03:22.039 --> 02:03:26.960 sublime faith, patriotic, democratic, humane, which in our days should 1993 02:03:26.960 --> 02:03:30.960 be the very foundation of every generous intellect. Without going 1994 02:03:31.039 --> 02:03:34.079 deeply into questions which are only indirectly connected with the 1995 02:03:34.079 --> 02:03:37.800 subject of this book, we will simply say this. It 1996 02:03:37.800 --> 02:03:40.319 would have been well if Monseigneur by Avenue had not 1997 02:03:40.359 --> 02:03:43.159 been a royalist, and if his glance had never been 1998 02:03:43.319 --> 02:03:47.039 for a single instant turned away from that serene contemplation 1999 02:03:47.560 --> 02:03:50.960 in which is distinctly discernible above the fictions and the 2000 02:03:51.000 --> 02:03:55.159 hatreds of this world, above the stormy vicissitudes of human things, 2001 02:03:55.640 --> 02:04:02.800 the beaming of those three purer radiances, truth, justice, and charity. 2002 02:04:03.720 --> 02:04:06.039 While admitting that it was not for political office that 2003 02:04:06.079 --> 02:04:09.920 God created monseigneur welcome. We should have understood and admired 2004 02:04:09.960 --> 02:04:12.720 his protest in the name of right and liberty, his 2005 02:04:12.840 --> 02:04:16.520 proud opposition, his just but perilous resistance to the all 2006 02:04:16.560 --> 02:04:20.119 powerful Napoleon. But that which pleases us in people who 2007 02:04:20.159 --> 02:04:23.079 are arising pleases us less in the case of people 2008 02:04:23.119 --> 02:04:26.079 who are falling. We only love the pray so long 2009 02:04:26.079 --> 02:04:29.319 as there is danger. And in any case, the combatants 2010 02:04:29.359 --> 02:04:31.800 of the first hour have alone the right to be 2011 02:04:31.880 --> 02:04:35.439 the exterminators of the last. He who has not been 2012 02:04:35.439 --> 02:04:38.640 a stubborn accuser in prosperity should hold his peace in 2013 02:04:38.720 --> 02:04:42.680 the face of ruin. The denunciator of success is the 2014 02:04:42.680 --> 02:04:47.439 only legitimate executioner of the fall. As for us, when 2015 02:04:47.479 --> 02:04:52.279 providence intervenes and strikes, we let it work. Eighteen twelve 2016 02:04:52.319 --> 02:04:56.439 commenced to disarm us in eighteen thirteen. The cowardly breach 2017 02:04:56.479 --> 02:05:00.720 of silence of that tactiturned legislative body, emboldened by a 2018 02:05:00.800 --> 02:05:05.680 catastrophe possessed only traits which aroused indignation, And it was 2019 02:05:05.720 --> 02:05:08.760 a crime to applaud in eighteen fourteen in the presence 2020 02:05:08.760 --> 02:05:11.319 of those marshals who betrayed, in the presence of that 2021 02:05:11.439 --> 02:05:15.239 Senate which passed from one dunghill to another, insulting after 2022 02:05:15.279 --> 02:05:18.439 having deified, in the presence of that idolatry which was 2023 02:05:18.479 --> 02:05:21.800 losing its footing and spinning on its idol. It was 2024 02:05:21.840 --> 02:05:25.840 a duty to turn aside the head in eighteen fifteen, 2025 02:05:25.880 --> 02:05:28.880 when the supreme disasters filled the air, when France was 2026 02:05:28.920 --> 02:05:32.319 seized with a shiver at their sinister approach, when Waterloo 2027 02:05:32.319 --> 02:05:36.520 could be dimly discerned opening before Napoleon, the mournful acclamation 2028 02:05:36.600 --> 02:05:38.840 of the army and the people of the condemned of 2029 02:05:38.920 --> 02:05:42.800 destiny had nothing laughable on it. And after making all 2030 02:05:42.840 --> 02:05:45.680 allowance for the despot, a heart like that of the 2031 02:05:45.680 --> 02:05:48.560 Bishop of Denya ought not, perhaps to have failed to 2032 02:05:48.640 --> 02:05:53.039 recognize the auguste and touching features presented by the embrace 2033 02:05:53.079 --> 02:05:55.520 of a great nation and a great man on the 2034 02:05:55.560 --> 02:06:01.239 brink of the Abyss. With this exception, he was in 2035 02:06:01.319 --> 02:06:07.239 all things just true, equitable, intelligent, humble and dignified, beneficent 2036 02:06:07.399 --> 02:06:11.640 and kindly, which is only another sort of benevolence. He 2037 02:06:11.720 --> 02:06:14.520 was a priest, a sage, and a man. It must 2038 02:06:14.520 --> 02:06:17.520 be admitted that, even in the political views with which 2039 02:06:17.560 --> 02:06:20.000 we have just reproached him, and with which we are 2040 02:06:20.039 --> 02:06:24.680 disposed to judge almost with severity, he was tolerant and easy, 2041 02:06:24.720 --> 02:06:27.960 more so perhaps than we who are speaking here. The 2042 02:06:28.000 --> 02:06:29.960 porter of the town hall had been placed there by 2043 02:06:30.000 --> 02:06:33.199 the Emperor. He was an old non commissioned officer of 2044 02:06:33.199 --> 02:06:35.840 the Old Guard, a member of the Legion of Honor 2045 02:06:35.840 --> 02:06:39.439 at Austerlitz. As much of a bonapartist as the Eagle, 2046 02:06:40.520 --> 02:06:44.880 this poor fellow occasionally let slip in considerate remarks which 2047 02:06:44.880 --> 02:06:50.359 the law then stigmatized as seditious speeches. After the Imperial 2048 02:06:50.399 --> 02:06:53.800 profile disappeared from the Legion of Honor, he never dressed 2049 02:06:53.840 --> 02:06:57.239 himself in his regimentals, as he said, so that he 2050 02:06:57.279 --> 02:07:00.600 would not be obliged to wear his cross. He had 2051 02:07:00.680 --> 02:07:04.399 himself devoutly removed the imperial effigy from the cross which 2052 02:07:04.479 --> 02:07:07.600 Napoleon had given him. This made a hole, and he 2053 02:07:07.600 --> 02:07:10.560 would not put anything in its place. I will die, 2054 02:07:10.640 --> 02:07:13.720 he said, rather than wear the three frogs upon my heart. 2055 02:07:14.680 --> 02:07:16.960 He liked a scoff a laud at Louis the eighteenth, 2056 02:07:17.319 --> 02:07:20.359 the gouty old creature in English gaiters, he said, let 2057 02:07:20.439 --> 02:07:22.600 him take himself off to Prussia. With that cue of 2058 02:07:22.640 --> 02:07:26.560 his he was happy to confine in the same imprecation 2059 02:07:26.720 --> 02:07:30.399 the two things which he most attested, Prussia and England. 2060 02:07:30.920 --> 02:07:34.119 He did it so often that he lost his place there. 2061 02:07:34.159 --> 02:07:36.640 He was turned out of the house, with his wife 2062 02:07:36.640 --> 02:07:40.079 and children, and without bread. The bishop sent for him, 2063 02:07:40.399 --> 02:07:43.720 reproved him gently and appointed him beadle in the cathedral. 2064 02:07:44.960 --> 02:07:47.960 In the course of nine years, Monseigneur b Avenu had, 2065 02:07:48.039 --> 02:07:51.600 by dint of holy deeds and gentle manners, filled the 2066 02:07:51.600 --> 02:07:55.319 town of Dina with a sort of tender and filial reverence. 2067 02:07:56.079 --> 02:07:59.880 Even his conduct toward Napoleon had been accepted and tacitly pardoned, 2068 02:08:00.319 --> 02:08:03.439 as it were, by the people, the good and weekly flock, 2069 02:08:03.520 --> 02:08:10.640 who adored their Emperor but loved their bishop. End of 2070 02:08:10.760 --> 02:08:16.560 Book one, Chapter eleven, Book one A Just Man, Chapter twelve, 2071 02:08:17.079 --> 02:08:22.800 The solitude of Monseigneur Welcome. A bishop is almost always 2072 02:08:22.800 --> 02:08:26.359 surrounded by a full squadron of little abbes, just as 2073 02:08:26.359 --> 02:08:29.600 a general is by a covey of young officers. This 2074 02:08:29.800 --> 02:08:33.079 is what that charming Saint Francois de Salle calls somewhere. 2075 02:08:33.439 --> 02:08:39.159 They predro blanc Beck callow priests. Every career has its aspirants, 2076 02:08:39.359 --> 02:08:41.680 who form a train for those who have attained eminence 2077 02:08:41.680 --> 02:08:44.680 in it. There is no power which has not its dependence. 2078 02:08:45.079 --> 02:08:47.920 There is no fortune which has not its court. The 2079 02:08:47.960 --> 02:08:52.119 seekers of the future eddy around the splendid present. Every 2080 02:08:52.159 --> 02:08:56.159 metropolis has its staff of officials. Every bishop who possesses 2081 02:08:56.199 --> 02:08:59.720 the least influence has about him his patrol of cherubim 2082 02:08:59.720 --> 02:09:03.199 from the seminary, which goes the round and maintains good 2083 02:09:03.319 --> 02:09:07.319 order in the episcopal palace and mounts guard over monseigneur's smile. 2084 02:09:09.039 --> 02:09:11.760 To please a bishop is equivalent to getting one's foot 2085 02:09:11.800 --> 02:09:15.720 in the stirrup. For a subdiaconate, it is necessary to 2086 02:09:15.760 --> 02:09:20.079 walk one's path discreetly. The apostleship did not disdain canonship. 2087 02:09:22.640 --> 02:09:24.920 Just as there are big wigs everywhere, there are big 2088 02:09:24.960 --> 02:09:27.800 miters in the church. These are the bishops who stand 2089 02:09:27.840 --> 02:09:32.159 well at court, who are rich, well endowed, skillful, accepted 2090 02:09:32.199 --> 02:09:34.640 by the world, who know how to pray no doubt, 2091 02:09:34.920 --> 02:09:37.439 but who know also how to beg who feel little 2092 02:09:37.479 --> 02:09:40.520 scruple at making a whole dioces dance, attendants in their 2093 02:09:40.560 --> 02:09:44.439 person who are connecting links between the sacristy and diplomacy, 2094 02:09:44.840 --> 02:09:48.880 who are abbes rather than priests, prelates rather than's bishops, 2095 02:09:50.000 --> 02:09:53.840 happy those who approach them, Being persons of influence, they 2096 02:09:53.920 --> 02:09:57.279 create a shower about them, upon the assiduous in the favor, 2097 02:09:57.680 --> 02:10:00.000 and upon all the young men who understand the art 2098 02:10:00.159 --> 02:10:07.039 of pleasing of large parishes, pribons, archidiaconuts, chaplaincies and cathedral posts. 2099 02:10:07.399 --> 02:10:12.079 While awaiting episcopal honors. As they advance themselves, they cause 2100 02:10:12.119 --> 02:10:15.479 their satellites to progress. Also, it is a whole solar 2101 02:10:15.520 --> 02:10:18.880 system on the march. Their radiance casts a gleam of 2102 02:10:18.920 --> 02:10:22.680 purple over their suite. Their prosperity is crumbled up behind 2103 02:10:22.680 --> 02:10:26.880 the scenes into nice little promotions. The larger the diocese 2104 02:10:26.960 --> 02:10:29.920 of the patron, the fatter the curacy for the favorite. 2105 02:10:30.399 --> 02:10:33.920 And then there is Rome, a bishop who understands how 2106 02:10:33.960 --> 02:10:37.119 to become an archbishop. An archbishop who knows how to 2107 02:10:37.199 --> 02:10:40.920 become a cardinal carries you with him as conclavist, you 2108 02:10:41.039 --> 02:10:44.600 into a court of papal jurisdiction. You receive the pallium 2109 02:10:44.680 --> 02:10:48.239 and behold, you are an auditor, then a papal chamberlain, 2110 02:10:48.520 --> 02:10:51.640 then monseigneur. And from a grace to an eminence is 2111 02:10:51.680 --> 02:10:54.720 only a step. And between the eminence and the holiness 2112 02:10:55.000 --> 02:10:58.439 there is but the smoke of a ballot. Every skullcap 2113 02:10:58.520 --> 02:11:01.439 may dream of the tiara. The priest is nowadays the 2114 02:11:01.520 --> 02:11:03.960 only man who can become a king in a regular manner. 2115 02:11:04.279 --> 02:11:07.800 And what a king thus supreme king? Then what a 2116 02:11:07.920 --> 02:11:11.800 nursery of aspirations as a seminary. How many blushing choristers, 2117 02:11:11.840 --> 02:11:15.079 How many youthful abbes bear on their heads parrots pot 2118 02:11:15.079 --> 02:11:18.000 of milk? Who knows how easy it is for ambition 2119 02:11:18.119 --> 02:11:21.880 to call itself vocation in good faith, perchance, and deceiving 2120 02:11:21.920 --> 02:11:28.399 itself devote that it is monseigneur by avenue, poor humble 2121 02:11:28.479 --> 02:11:32.319 retiring was not accounted among the big miters. This was 2122 02:11:32.359 --> 02:11:35.399 plain for the complete absence of young priests about him. 2123 02:11:36.359 --> 02:11:39.199 We have seen that he did not take in Paris. 2124 02:11:39.520 --> 02:11:42.399 Not a single future dreamed of engrafting itself on this 2125 02:11:42.560 --> 02:11:46.560 solitary old man. Not a single sprouting ambition committed the 2126 02:11:46.600 --> 02:11:50.359 folly of putting forth its foliage in his shadow. His 2127 02:11:50.479 --> 02:11:53.960 cannons and grand vicars were good old men, rather vulgar 2128 02:11:54.079 --> 02:11:57.600 like himself, walled up like him in this diocese without 2129 02:11:57.640 --> 02:12:00.680 exit to a cardinalship, and who resembled theirs. With this 2130 02:12:00.800 --> 02:12:04.640 difference that they were finished and he was completed. The 2131 02:12:04.680 --> 02:12:08.359 impossibility of growing great under Monseigneur ba Avenue was so 2132 02:12:08.439 --> 02:12:11.319 well understood that no sooner had the young men whom 2133 02:12:11.319 --> 02:12:15.079 he ordained left the seminary than they got themselves recommended 2134 02:12:15.079 --> 02:12:18.199 to the archbishops of ax Or of ok and went 2135 02:12:18.239 --> 02:12:21.880 off in a great hurry. For in short, we repeated, men. 2136 02:12:21.720 --> 02:12:22.680 Wished to be pushed. 2137 02:12:23.199 --> 02:12:26.119 A saint who dwells in a paroxysm of abnegation is 2138 02:12:26.159 --> 02:12:29.800 a dangerous neighbor. He might communicate to you by contagion 2139 02:12:29.880 --> 02:12:33.880 and incurable poverty and antilosis of the joints which are 2140 02:12:33.960 --> 02:12:37.840 useful in advancement, and in short, more renunciation than you desire. 2141 02:12:38.279 --> 02:12:42.159 And this infectious virtue is avoided. Hence the isolation of 2142 02:12:42.199 --> 02:12:45.119 Monseigneur by Avenue. We live in the midst of a 2143 02:12:45.119 --> 02:12:49.399 gloomy society. Success, that is, the lesson which falls drop 2144 02:12:49.439 --> 02:12:53.000 by drop from the slope of corruption. Be it said 2145 02:12:53.039 --> 02:12:56.159 in passing that success is a very hideous thing, its 2146 02:12:56.159 --> 02:12:59.279 false resemblance to merit to Sieve's men for the masses. 2147 02:12:59.359 --> 02:13:03.840 Success has almost the same profile as supremacy. Success that 2148 02:13:03.920 --> 02:13:09.800 menechmosuf talent has one dupe history, juvenile intacticus alone grumble 2149 02:13:09.880 --> 02:13:10.199 at it. 2150 02:13:10.960 --> 02:13:11.520 In our day. 2151 02:13:11.560 --> 02:13:14.720 A philosophy which is almost official has entered into its service, 2152 02:13:15.159 --> 02:13:17.880 wears the livery of success, and performs the service of 2153 02:13:17.920 --> 02:13:24.479 its ante chamber. Succeed theory prosperity argues capacity when in 2154 02:13:24.520 --> 02:13:27.479 the lottery, and behold, you are a clever man. He 2155 02:13:27.520 --> 02:13:30.760 who triumphs is venerated. Be born with a silver spoon 2156 02:13:30.840 --> 02:13:34.079 in your mouth. Everything lies in that. Be lucky, and 2157 02:13:34.159 --> 02:13:36.760 you will have all the rest. Be happy, and people 2158 02:13:36.800 --> 02:13:40.279 will think you great. Outside of five or six immense 2159 02:13:40.319 --> 02:13:44.680 exceptions which compose the splendor of a century, contemporary admiration 2160 02:13:44.880 --> 02:13:48.760 is nothing but short sightedness. Gilding is gold. It does 2161 02:13:48.800 --> 02:13:51.239 no harm to be the first arrival by pure chance, 2162 02:13:51.600 --> 02:13:54.560 so long as you do arrive. The common herd is 2163 02:13:54.560 --> 02:13:58.119 an old narcissus who adores himself and who applauds the 2164 02:13:58.199 --> 02:14:02.079 vulgar herd that ignoremmiscibility by virtue, of which one is 2165 02:14:02.199 --> 02:14:08.199 Moses Achelas Dante, Michelangelo, or Napoleon the multitude awards on 2166 02:14:08.239 --> 02:14:12.079 the spot, and by acclamation to whomsoever attains his object, 2167 02:14:12.439 --> 02:14:16.640 in whatsoever it may consist. Let a notary transfigure himself 2168 02:14:16.640 --> 02:14:20.079 into a deputy. Let a false corneal compose hire date. 2169 02:14:20.840 --> 02:14:23.680 Let a eunit come to possess a harem. Let a 2170 02:14:23.720 --> 02:14:27.520 military prudamme accidentally win the decisive battle of an epoch. 2171 02:14:27.960 --> 02:14:31.199 Let an apothecary invent cardboard shoe soles for the army 2172 02:14:31.239 --> 02:14:34.359 of the Saint Bradmuse, and construct for himself out of 2173 02:14:34.359 --> 02:14:38.920 this cardboard sold as leather four hundred thousand francs of income. 2174 02:14:39.680 --> 02:14:42.640 Let a pork packer espouse usury and cause it to 2175 02:14:42.680 --> 02:14:45.600 bring forth seven or eight millions, of which he is 2176 02:14:45.640 --> 02:14:48.359 the father, and of which it is the mother. Let 2177 02:14:48.399 --> 02:14:51.279 a preacher become a bishop by force of his nasal drawl. 2178 02:14:52.039 --> 02:14:54.359 Let the steward of a fine family be so rich, 2179 02:14:54.399 --> 02:14:57.840 on retiring from service, that he has made minister of finances, 2180 02:14:58.319 --> 02:15:01.039 and men call that genius, just as they call the 2181 02:15:01.079 --> 02:15:05.079 face of Mousqueton beauty, and the man of Claude majesty. 2182 02:15:06.000 --> 02:15:09.000 With the constellations of space, they confound the stars of 2183 02:15:09.000 --> 02:15:11.159 the abyss, which are made in the soft mire of 2184 02:15:11.199 --> 02:15:17.079 the puddle by the feet of ducks, And of Book one, 2185 02:15:17.239 --> 02:15:23.239 chapter twelve, Book one A Just Man, Chapter thirteen. What 2186 02:15:23.399 --> 02:15:28.079 he believed? We are not obliged to sound the Bishop 2187 02:15:28.119 --> 02:15:31.520 of Dina on the score of orthodoxy. In the presence 2188 02:15:31.560 --> 02:15:34.000 of such a soul, We feel ourselves in no mood, 2189 02:15:34.079 --> 02:15:37.439 but respect the conscience of the just man should be 2190 02:15:37.479 --> 02:15:42.279 accepted on his word. Moreover, certain natures being given, we 2191 02:15:42.399 --> 02:15:45.920 admit the possible development of all beauties of human virtue 2192 02:15:46.159 --> 02:15:49.439 in a belief that differs from our own. What did 2193 02:15:49.479 --> 02:15:52.920 he think of this dogma or of that mystery? These 2194 02:15:53.000 --> 02:15:55.680 secrets of the inner tribunal of the conscience are known 2195 02:15:55.720 --> 02:15:59.319 only to the tomb where souls inter naked. The point 2196 02:15:59.319 --> 02:16:02.000 on which we are so certain is that the difficulties 2197 02:16:02.039 --> 02:16:05.560 of faith never resolved themselves into hypocrisy. In his case, 2198 02:16:06.319 --> 02:16:09.600 no decay is possible to the diamond he believed to 2199 02:16:09.640 --> 02:16:15.319 the extent of his powers Credo and Patrn he often exclaimed. Moreover, 2200 02:16:15.760 --> 02:16:18.800 he drew from good works that amount of satisfaction which 2201 02:16:18.800 --> 02:16:22.119 suffices to the conscience, and which whispers to a man, 2202 02:16:22.439 --> 02:16:26.920 Thou art with God. The point on which we consider 2203 02:16:26.960 --> 02:16:29.800 it our duty to note, is that outside of and 2204 02:16:29.840 --> 02:16:32.959 beyond his faith, as it were, the bishop possessed an 2205 02:16:32.959 --> 02:16:37.760 excess of love. It was in that quarter Kion multum ahmavit, 2206 02:16:38.159 --> 02:16:41.760 because he loved much, that he was regarded as vulnerable 2207 02:16:41.799 --> 02:16:47.079 by serious men, grave persons, and reasonable people favorite locutions 2208 02:16:47.159 --> 02:16:50.120 of our sad world, where egotism takes its word of 2209 02:16:50.120 --> 02:16:54.920 command from pedantry. What was this excess of love? It 2210 02:16:55.000 --> 02:16:58.040 was a serene benevolence which overflowed men, as we have 2211 02:16:58.120 --> 02:17:01.959 already pointed out, and which on occasion extended even to things. 2212 02:17:02.639 --> 02:17:06.520 He lived without disdain. He was indulgent towards God's creation. 2213 02:17:07.360 --> 02:17:11.440 Every man, even the best, has within him a thoughtless harshness, 2214 02:17:11.440 --> 02:17:15.159 which he reserves for animals. The Bishop of Dinya had 2215 02:17:15.200 --> 02:17:18.920 none of that harshness which is peculiar to many priests. Nevertheless, 2216 02:17:20.680 --> 02:17:22.959 he did not go as far as the Brahmin. But 2217 02:17:23.040 --> 02:17:26.639 he seemed to have waited this saying of Ecclesiastes, who 2218 02:17:26.639 --> 02:17:31.319 knoweth whither the soul of the animal goeth. Hideousness of aspect, 2219 02:17:31.479 --> 02:17:35.159 deformity of instinct troubled him not and did not arouse 2220 02:17:35.200 --> 02:17:40.879 his indignation. He was touched, almost softened by them. It 2221 02:17:40.920 --> 02:17:43.600 seemed as though he went thoughtfully away to seek beyond 2222 02:17:43.680 --> 02:17:47.559 the bounds of life, which is apparent the cause, the explanation, 2223 02:17:48.159 --> 02:17:51.120 or the excuse for them. He seemed at times to 2224 02:17:51.159 --> 02:17:55.719 be asking God to commute these penalties. He examined without wrath, 2225 02:17:55.920 --> 02:17:58.159 and with the eye of a linguist who is deciphering 2226 02:17:58.200 --> 02:18:02.159 a poem, cest that portion of chaos which still exists 2227 02:18:02.200 --> 02:18:06.760 in nature. This reverie sometimes caused him to utter odd sayings. 2228 02:18:07.440 --> 02:18:10.840 One morning, he was in his garden and thought himself alone, 2229 02:18:11.239 --> 02:18:14.040 but his sister was walking behind him, unseen by him. 2230 02:18:15.000 --> 02:18:17.719 Suddenly he paused and gazed at something on the ground. 2231 02:18:18.360 --> 02:18:22.200 It was a large, black, hairy, frightful spider. His sister 2232 02:18:22.319 --> 02:18:26.639 heard him say, poor beast, it was not his fault. 2233 02:18:27.520 --> 02:18:31.399 Why not mention these almost divinely childish sayings of kindness? 2234 02:18:31.799 --> 02:18:35.840 Puerile they may be, but these sublime puerilities were peculiar 2235 02:18:35.840 --> 02:18:39.959 to Saint Francis, to Sissy, and of Marcus Aurelius. One 2236 02:18:40.040 --> 02:18:42.319 day he sprained his ankle, and his effort to avoid 2237 02:18:42.319 --> 02:18:47.200 stepping on an ant. Thus lived this just man. Sometimes 2238 02:18:47.200 --> 02:18:49.559 he fell asleep in his garden, and then there was 2239 02:18:49.600 --> 02:18:54.799 nothing more venerable possible. Monseigneur b Avenue had formerly been, 2240 02:18:55.079 --> 02:18:57.959 if the story's inen his youth, and even in regard 2241 02:18:58.000 --> 02:19:01.239 to his manhood, were to be believed, a passionate and 2242 02:19:01.319 --> 02:19:05.360 possibly a violent man. His universal suavity was less an 2243 02:19:05.440 --> 02:19:09.159 instinctive nature than the result of a grand conviction, which 2244 02:19:09.159 --> 02:19:12.200 had filtered into his heart through the medium of life, 2245 02:19:12.639 --> 02:19:16.280 and had trickled there slowly, thought by thought. For in 2246 02:19:16.319 --> 02:19:19.639 a character, as in a rock, there may exist apertures 2247 02:19:19.639 --> 02:19:24.399 made by drops of water. These hollows are uneffaceable, these 2248 02:19:24.479 --> 02:19:29.920 formations are indestructible. In eighteen fifteen, as we think we 2249 02:19:30.000 --> 02:19:33.639 have already said, he reached his seventy fifth birthday, but 2250 02:19:33.719 --> 02:19:36.120 he did not appear to be more than sixty. He 2251 02:19:36.239 --> 02:19:39.319 was not tall, he was rather plump, and in order 2252 02:19:39.360 --> 02:19:42.600 to combat this tendency, he was fond of taking long 2253 02:19:42.639 --> 02:19:46.079 strolls on foot. His step was firm, and his form 2254 02:19:46.159 --> 02:19:49.159 was but slightly bent, a detail from which we do 2255 02:19:49.280 --> 02:19:54.159 not pretend to draw any conclusion. Gregory the sixteenth, at 2256 02:19:54.200 --> 02:19:57.719 the age of eighty, held himself erect and smiling, which 2257 02:19:57.799 --> 02:20:01.239 did not prevent him from being a bad bishop, mon 2258 02:20:01.319 --> 02:20:04.639 signor welcome, had what the people term a fine head. 2259 02:20:05.200 --> 02:20:08.120 But so amiable was he that they forgot that it 2260 02:20:08.159 --> 02:20:13.479 was fine. When he conversed with that infantile gayety, which 2261 02:20:13.520 --> 02:20:15.879 was one of his charms, and of which we have 2262 02:20:15.959 --> 02:20:19.360 already spoken, people felt at their ease with him, and 2263 02:20:19.479 --> 02:20:23.000 joy seemed to radiate from his whole person. His fresh 2264 02:20:23.040 --> 02:20:26.760 and ruddy complexion, his very white teeth, all of which 2265 02:20:26.760 --> 02:20:29.360 he had preserved, and which were displayed by a smile, 2266 02:20:29.799 --> 02:20:32.639 gave him that open and easy air which caused the 2267 02:20:32.680 --> 02:20:34.680 remark to be said of a man, he is a 2268 02:20:34.719 --> 02:20:37.680 good fellow, and of an old man, he is a 2269 02:20:37.760 --> 02:20:42.520 fine man. That it will be recalled. Was the effect 2270 02:20:42.520 --> 02:20:46.399 which he produced upon Napoleon on the first encounter. And 2271 02:20:46.479 --> 02:20:48.799 to one who saw him for the first time, he 2272 02:20:48.959 --> 02:20:52.319 was nothing, in fact but a fine man. But if 2273 02:20:52.319 --> 02:20:55.200 one remained near him for a few hours and beheld 2274 02:20:55.239 --> 02:20:58.280 him in the least degree pensive, the fine man became 2275 02:20:58.399 --> 02:21:02.079 gradually transfigured and took on some imposing quality. 2276 02:21:02.559 --> 02:21:03.239 I know not what. 2277 02:21:04.200 --> 02:21:07.280 His broad and serious brow rendered all goosed by his 2278 02:21:07.360 --> 02:21:11.040 white locks, became all goosed also by virtue of meditation. 2279 02:21:11.879 --> 02:21:15.479 Majesty radiated from his goodness, though whose goodness ceased not 2280 02:21:15.600 --> 02:21:19.280 to be radiant. One experienced something of the emotion which 2281 02:21:19.280 --> 02:21:23.040 one would feel on beholding a smiling angel slowly unfold 2282 02:21:23.079 --> 02:21:29.040 his wings without ceasing to smile. Respect in unutterable respect, 2283 02:21:29.559 --> 02:21:32.920 penetrated you by degrees and mounted to your heart, And 2284 02:21:33.000 --> 02:21:35.639 one felt that one had before him one of those strong, 2285 02:21:36.200 --> 02:21:40.479 thoroughly tried and indulgent souls, where thought is so grand 2286 02:21:40.680 --> 02:21:45.159 that it can no longer be anything but gentle. As 2287 02:21:45.159 --> 02:21:50.200 we have seen prayer, the celebration of the offices of religion, almsgiving, 2288 02:21:50.600 --> 02:21:53.760 the consolation of the afflicted, the cultivation of a bit 2289 02:21:53.799 --> 02:22:02.280 of land, fraternity, frugality, hospitality, renunciation, confidence, study, work, filled 2290 02:22:02.360 --> 02:22:06.639 every day of his life, filled as exactly the word. Certainly, 2291 02:22:06.680 --> 02:22:09.399 the bishop's day was quite full to the brim of 2292 02:22:09.479 --> 02:22:13.760 good words and good deeds. Nevertheless, it was not complete 2293 02:22:13.760 --> 02:22:16.879 if cold or rainy weather prevented his passing an hour 2294 02:22:17.000 --> 02:22:19.719 or two in his garden before going to bed, and 2295 02:22:19.799 --> 02:22:24.120 after the two women had retired, it seemed to be 2296 02:22:24.159 --> 02:22:26.600 a sort of right with him to prepare himself for 2297 02:22:26.639 --> 02:22:30.000 slumber by meditation. In the presence of the grand spectacles 2298 02:22:30.000 --> 02:22:33.920 of the nocturnal heavens. Sometimes, if the two old women 2299 02:22:33.959 --> 02:22:37.120 were not asleep, they heard him pacing slowly along the 2300 02:22:37.159 --> 02:22:41.000 walks at a very advanced hour of the night. He 2301 02:22:41.079 --> 02:22:45.959 was there alone, communing with himself, peaceful, adoring, comparing the 2302 02:22:46.040 --> 02:22:48.639 serenity of his mind with the serenity of the ether, 2303 02:22:49.479 --> 02:22:52.399 moved amid the darkness by the visible splendor of the 2304 02:22:52.440 --> 02:22:57.120 constellations and the invisible splendor of God, opening his heart 2305 02:22:57.239 --> 02:23:02.319 to the thoughts which fall from the unknown at such moments, 2306 02:23:02.440 --> 02:23:04.840 while he offered his heart at the hour when nocturnal 2307 02:23:04.879 --> 02:23:08.719 flowers offer their perfume, illuminated like a lamp amid the 2308 02:23:08.760 --> 02:23:12.760 starry night. As he poured himself out in ecstasy in 2309 02:23:12.840 --> 02:23:16.360 the midst of the universal radiance of creation, he could 2310 02:23:16.360 --> 02:23:19.639 not have told himself probably what was passing in his spirit. 2311 02:23:20.280 --> 02:23:23.239 He felt something take its flight from him, and something 2312 02:23:23.280 --> 02:23:27.200 to send in to him, mysterious exchange of the abyssiness 2313 02:23:27.760 --> 02:23:32.159 of the soul with the abyssiness of the universe. He 2314 02:23:32.280 --> 02:23:35.079 thought of the grandeur in presence of God, of the 2315 02:23:35.120 --> 02:23:40.239 future eternity, that strange mystery of the eternity past, a 2316 02:23:40.280 --> 02:23:44.680 mystery still more strange of all the infinities which pierced 2317 02:23:44.719 --> 02:23:48.239 their way into all his senses beneath his eyes, and 2318 02:23:48.360 --> 02:23:52.680 without seeking to comprehend the incomprehensible, he gazed upon it. 2319 02:23:53.319 --> 02:23:56.360 He did not study God, he was dazzled by him. 2320 02:23:56.920 --> 02:24:01.399 He considered those magnificent conjunctions of atoms, which communicate aspects 2321 02:24:01.399 --> 02:24:06.280 to matter, reveal forces by verifying them, create individualities in 2322 02:24:06.440 --> 02:24:11.040 unit proportions in extent the innumerable and the infinite, and 2323 02:24:11.120 --> 02:24:16.879 through light produce beauty. These conjunctions are formed and dissolved incessantly, 2324 02:24:17.440 --> 02:24:22.159 hence life and death. He seated himself on a wooden bench, 2325 02:24:22.280 --> 02:24:25.319 with his back against a decrepit vine. He gazed at 2326 02:24:25.360 --> 02:24:28.879 the stars, past the puny and stunted silhouettes of his 2327 02:24:28.959 --> 02:24:33.319 fruit trees. This quarter of an acre, so poorly planted, 2328 02:24:33.760 --> 02:24:37.120 so encumbered with mean buildings and sheds, was dear to 2329 02:24:37.239 --> 02:24:41.440 him and satisfied his wants. What more was needed by 2330 02:24:41.440 --> 02:24:44.079 this old man who divided the leisure of his life, 2331 02:24:44.399 --> 02:24:47.280 where there was so little leisure between gardening in the 2332 02:24:47.360 --> 02:24:52.959 daytime and contemplation at night. Was not this narrow enclosure 2333 02:24:53.159 --> 02:24:56.319 with the heavens for a ceiling sufficient to enable him 2334 02:24:56.360 --> 02:24:59.159 to adore God in his most divine works. In turn, 2335 02:25:00.200 --> 02:25:03.399 does not this comprehend all in fact? And what is 2336 02:25:03.440 --> 02:25:06.680 there left to desire beyond it? A little garden in 2337 02:25:06.719 --> 02:25:10.559 which to walk, an immensity in which to dream at 2338 02:25:10.559 --> 02:25:14.479 one's feet, that which can be cultivated and plucked overhead, 2339 02:25:14.799 --> 02:25:18.319 that which one can study and meditate upon, some flowers 2340 02:25:18.319 --> 02:25:22.559 on earth, and all the stars in the sky. 2341 02:25:23.479 --> 02:25:32.840 In Book First a Just Man, Chapter fourteen, what he 2342 02:25:33.159 --> 02:25:39.840 thought one last word, Since this sort of details might 2343 02:25:40.079 --> 02:25:43.360 particularly at the present moment, and to use an expression 2344 02:25:43.399 --> 02:25:46.159 now in fashion, give to the Bishop of Dinia a 2345 02:25:46.200 --> 02:25:50.920 certain penththeistical physiognomy, and induce the belief, either to his 2346 02:25:51.000 --> 02:25:54.639 credit or discredit, that he entertained one of those personal 2347 02:25:54.639 --> 02:25:58.479 philosophies which are peculiar to our century, which sometimes spring 2348 02:25:58.639 --> 02:26:01.760 up in solitary spirits, and there take on a form 2349 02:26:01.840 --> 02:26:05.079 and grow until they usurp the place of religion. We 2350 02:26:05.200 --> 02:26:09.000 insist upon it that not one of those persons who 2351 02:26:09.079 --> 02:26:13.159 knew Monseigneur welcome would have thought himself authorized to think 2352 02:26:13.239 --> 02:26:17.239 anything of the sort. That which enlightened this man was 2353 02:26:17.239 --> 02:26:20.520 his heart. His wisdom was made of the light which 2354 02:26:20.559 --> 02:26:28.920 comes from there no systems, many works abstruse speculations contain vertigo. 2355 02:26:29.319 --> 02:26:31.760 Know there is nothing to indicate that he risked his 2356 02:26:31.920 --> 02:26:35.840 mind in apocalypses. The apostle may be daring, but the 2357 02:26:35.879 --> 02:26:39.440 bishop must be timid. He would probably have felt a 2358 02:26:39.440 --> 02:26:42.639 scruple at sounding too far in advance certain problems which 2359 02:26:42.680 --> 02:26:46.879 are in a manner reserved for terrible great minds. There 2360 02:26:46.920 --> 02:26:49.719 is a sacred horror beneath the porches of the enigma. 2361 02:26:50.159 --> 02:26:54.360 Those gloomy openings stand yawning there. But something tells you, you, 2362 02:26:54.799 --> 02:26:58.399 a passerby in life, that you must not enter. Woe 2363 02:26:58.479 --> 02:27:04.879 to him who penetrates the geniuses in the impenetrable depths 2364 02:27:04.879 --> 02:27:09.120 of abstraction and pure speculation, situated, so to speak, above 2365 02:27:09.159 --> 02:27:14.040 all dogmas propose their ideas to God. Their prayer audaciously 2366 02:27:14.079 --> 02:27:19.799 offers discussion, their adoration interrogates. This is direct religion, which 2367 02:27:19.840 --> 02:27:22.920 is full of anxiety and responsibility for him who attempts 2368 02:27:22.920 --> 02:27:28.360 its steep cliffs. Human meditation has no limits at his 2369 02:27:28.440 --> 02:27:32.200 own risk and peril. It analyzes and digs deep into 2370 02:27:32.239 --> 02:27:36.120 its own bedazzlement. One might almost say that by a 2371 02:27:36.159 --> 02:27:40.159 sort of splendid reaction it with it dazzles nature. The 2372 02:27:40.239 --> 02:27:44.120 mysterious world which surrounds us renders back what it has received. 2373 02:27:44.760 --> 02:27:49.200 It is probable that the contemplators are contemplated. However that 2374 02:27:49.319 --> 02:27:52.159 may be. There are on earth men who are they 2375 02:27:52.200 --> 02:27:56.159 men perceive distinctly at the verge of the horizons of revery, 2376 02:27:56.639 --> 02:27:59.920 the heights of the absolute, and who have the terrible 2377 02:28:00.239 --> 02:28:05.159 vision of the infinite mountain. Monseigneur Welcome was one of 2378 02:28:05.200 --> 02:28:09.120 these men. Monseigneur Welcome was not a genius. He would 2379 02:28:09.159 --> 02:28:12.360 have feared those sublimities. Whence some very great men, even 2380 02:28:12.520 --> 02:28:17.559 like Swedenborg and Pascal, have slipped into insanity. Certainly, these 2381 02:28:17.680 --> 02:28:22.079 powerful reveries have their moral utility, and by these arduous 2382 02:28:22.120 --> 02:28:26.120 paths one approaches to ideal perfection. As for him, he 2383 02:28:26.200 --> 02:28:30.680 took the path which shortens the Gospels. He did not 2384 02:28:30.799 --> 02:28:34.360 attempt to impart to his chasuble the folds of Elijah's mantle. 2385 02:28:35.239 --> 02:28:38.360 He projected no ray of future upon the dark ground 2386 02:28:38.360 --> 02:28:41.879 swell of events. He did not see to condense inflame 2387 02:28:41.920 --> 02:28:44.680 the light of things. He had nothing of the prophet, 2388 02:28:44.920 --> 02:28:48.719 and nothing of the magician about him. This humble soul loved, 2389 02:28:49.079 --> 02:28:53.280 and that was all that he carried prayer to the 2390 02:28:53.280 --> 02:28:57.120 pitch of a superhuman aspiration as probable. But one can 2391 02:28:57.159 --> 02:28:59.600 no more pray too much than one can love too much. 2392 02:29:00.280 --> 02:29:03.159 And if it is a heresy to pray beyond the texts, 2393 02:29:03.559 --> 02:29:09.159 Saint Theresa and Saint Jerome would be heretics. He inclined 2394 02:29:09.239 --> 02:29:13.000 towards all that groans and all that expiates. The universe 2395 02:29:13.040 --> 02:29:16.719 appeared to him like an immense malady. Everywhere he felt fever, 2396 02:29:17.120 --> 02:29:20.559 everywhere he heard the sound of suffering, And without seeking 2397 02:29:20.600 --> 02:29:23.600 to solve the enigma, he strove to dress the wound. 2398 02:29:24.559 --> 02:29:28.000 The terrible spectacle of created things developed tenderness in him. 2399 02:29:28.360 --> 02:29:31.920 He was occupied only in finding for himself and in 2400 02:29:32.000 --> 02:29:35.399 inspiring others with the best way to compassionate and relieve. 2401 02:29:36.399 --> 02:29:39.840 That which exists was for this good and rare priest 2402 02:29:40.000 --> 02:29:46.360 a permanent subject of sadness, which sought consolation. There are 2403 02:29:46.440 --> 02:29:50.120 men who toil at extracting gold. He toiled at the 2404 02:29:50.200 --> 02:29:54.760 extraction of pity. Universal misery was his mind. The sadness 2405 02:29:54.760 --> 02:29:58.520 which reigned everywhere was but an excuse for unfailing kindness 2406 02:29:59.200 --> 02:30:03.000 love each other. He declared this to be complete, desired 2407 02:30:03.040 --> 02:30:06.280 nothing further, and that was the whole of his doctrine. 2408 02:30:07.479 --> 02:30:10.639 One day that man, who believed himself to be a philosopher, 2409 02:30:10.879 --> 02:30:13.520 the senator, who has already been alluded to, said to 2410 02:30:13.559 --> 02:30:17.440 the bishop, just survey the spectacle of the world, all 2411 02:30:17.520 --> 02:30:21.719 war against all, the strongest has the most wit. Your 2412 02:30:21.799 --> 02:30:26.879 love each other is nonsense, well replied monseigneur. Welcome without 2413 02:30:26.920 --> 02:30:30.680 contesting the point. If it is nonsense, the soul should 2414 02:30:30.719 --> 02:30:33.280 shut itself up in it, as the pearl in the oyster. 2415 02:30:34.319 --> 02:30:37.680 Thus he shut himself up, He lived there, he was 2416 02:30:37.760 --> 02:30:41.479 absolutely satisfied with it, Leaving on one side the prodigious 2417 02:30:41.559 --> 02:30:46.239 questions which attract and terrify, the fathomless perspectives of abstraction, 2418 02:30:46.600 --> 02:30:51.399 the precipices of metaphysics, all those profundities which converge for 2419 02:30:51.520 --> 02:30:55.680 the apostle in God, for the atheist, in nothingness, destiny, 2420 02:30:55.799 --> 02:30:59.079 good and evil, the way of being against being, the 2421 02:30:59.159 --> 02:31:02.920 conscience of man, the thoughtful somnambulism of the animal, the 2422 02:31:02.959 --> 02:31:08.600 transformation in death, the recapitulation of existences which the tomb contains, 2423 02:31:08.639 --> 02:31:12.879 the incomprehensible grafting of successive loves on the persistent eye, 2424 02:31:13.159 --> 02:31:19.920 the essence, the substance, the nile, and the ends. The soul, nature, liberty, necessity, 2425 02:31:20.319 --> 02:31:25.680 perpendicular problems, sinister obscurities, where lean the gigantic archangels of 2426 02:31:25.719 --> 02:31:31.280 the human mind formidable abysses which Lucretius Maneux Saint Paul 2427 02:31:31.600 --> 02:31:35.760 Dante contemplate with eyes flashing lightning, which seems, by its 2428 02:31:35.760 --> 02:31:39.319 steady gaze on the infinite to cause stars to blaze forth. There, 2429 02:31:41.280 --> 02:31:44.799 monseigneur bienvenue was simply a man who took note of 2430 02:31:44.879 --> 02:31:49.120 the exterior of mysterious questions, without scrutinizing them, and without 2431 02:31:49.159 --> 02:31:52.280 troubling his own mind with them, and who cherished in 2432 02:31:52.360 --> 02:31:55.360 his own soul a grave respect for darkness. 2433 02:32:00.200 --> 02:32:04.639 Books Second The Fall, Chapter one, the evening of a 2434 02:32:04.719 --> 02:32:11.600 day of walking, early in the month of October eighteen fifteen, 2435 02:32:11.959 --> 02:32:15.319 about an hour before sunset, a man who was traveling 2436 02:32:15.360 --> 02:32:19.000 on foot entered the little town of Dean. The few 2437 02:32:19.040 --> 02:32:22.360 inhabitants who were at their windows or on their thresholds 2438 02:32:22.399 --> 02:32:25.440 at the moment stared at this traveler with a sort 2439 02:32:25.440 --> 02:32:29.799 of uneasiness. It was difficult to encounter a wayfarer of 2440 02:32:29.879 --> 02:32:34.239 more wretched appearance. He was a man of medium stature, thickset, 2441 02:32:34.319 --> 02:32:38.239 and robust in the prime of his life. He might 2442 02:32:38.239 --> 02:32:41.840 have been forty six or forty eight years old. A 2443 02:32:41.879 --> 02:32:44.879 cab with a drooping leather visor partly concealed his face, 2444 02:32:45.479 --> 02:32:49.559 burned and tanned by sun and wind, and dripping with perspiration. 2445 02:32:51.000 --> 02:32:54.200 His shirt of coarse yellow linen, fastened at the neck 2446 02:32:54.319 --> 02:32:57.159 by a small silver anchor, permitted a view of his 2447 02:32:57.239 --> 02:33:01.120 hairy breast. He had a cravat twisted into a string, 2448 02:33:01.719 --> 02:33:06.040 trousers of blue drilling, worn and threadbare, white on one 2449 02:33:06.079 --> 02:33:10.200 knee and torn on the other. An old, gray tattered 2450 02:33:10.200 --> 02:33:13.079 blouse patched on one of the elbows with a bit 2451 02:33:13.120 --> 02:33:16.440 of green cloth sewed on with twine. A tightly packed 2452 02:33:16.479 --> 02:33:19.920 soldier knapsack, well buckled and perfectly new on his back, 2453 02:33:20.559 --> 02:33:24.319 an enormous knotty stick in his hand, iron shod shoes 2454 02:33:24.360 --> 02:33:27.840 on his stockingless feet, a shaved head, and a long beard. 2455 02:33:29.319 --> 02:33:33.680 The sweat, the heat, the journey on foot, the dust added. 2456 02:33:33.719 --> 02:33:36.920 I know not what sordid quality to this dilapidated hoole. 2457 02:33:37.799 --> 02:33:40.760 His hair was closely cut, yet bristling, for it had 2458 02:33:40.799 --> 02:33:43.319 begun to grow a little, and did not seem to 2459 02:33:43.319 --> 02:33:48.159 have been cut for some time. No one knew him. 2460 02:33:48.920 --> 02:33:52.959 He was evidently only a chance passer by whence came 2461 02:33:53.040 --> 02:33:57.280 he from the south from the sea shore, Perhaps for 2462 02:33:57.399 --> 02:33:59.719 he made his entrance into Dean by the same street 2463 02:33:59.719 --> 02:34:03.159 with which which seven months previously had witnessed the passage 2464 02:34:03.159 --> 02:34:06.680 of the Emperor Napoleon on his way from Canes to Paris. 2465 02:34:07.079 --> 02:34:10.399 This man must have been walking all day. He seemed 2466 02:34:10.520 --> 02:34:13.799 very much fatigued. Some women of the ancient market town, 2467 02:34:14.040 --> 02:34:16.799 which is situated below the city, had seen him pause 2468 02:34:16.879 --> 02:34:20.239 beneath the trees of the Boulevard Gesandi and drink at 2469 02:34:20.239 --> 02:34:22.760 the fountain which stands at the end of the promenade. 2470 02:34:23.440 --> 02:34:25.799 He must have been very thirsty, for the children who 2471 02:34:25.799 --> 02:34:28.440 followed him saw him stop again for a drink two 2472 02:34:28.520 --> 02:34:31.840 hundred paces further on at the fountain in the market place. 2473 02:34:35.120 --> 02:34:38.200 On arriving at the corner of the Rue Poichevert, he 2474 02:34:38.319 --> 02:34:41.159 turned to the left and directed his steps towards the 2475 02:34:41.159 --> 02:34:44.719 town hall. He entered, then came out. A quarter of 2476 02:34:44.760 --> 02:34:48.079 an hour later. A gendarme was seated near the door 2477 02:34:48.399 --> 02:34:51.319 on the stone bench which General Drouot had mounted on 2478 02:34:51.360 --> 02:34:54.639 the fourth of March to read to the frightened throng 2479 02:34:54.719 --> 02:34:57.879 of the inhabitants of ning the proclamation of the Gulf Juan. 2480 02:34:58.879 --> 02:35:02.159 The man pulled off his and humbly saluted the gendarme. 2481 02:35:03.879 --> 02:35:07.760 The gendarme, without replying to his salute, stared attentively at him, 2482 02:35:08.239 --> 02:35:10.760 followed him for a while with his eyes, and then 2483 02:35:10.920 --> 02:35:15.200 entered the town hall. There then existed at Dean a 2484 02:35:15.280 --> 02:35:17.840 fine inn at the sign of the Cross of Colbas. 2485 02:35:18.559 --> 02:35:22.159 This inn had for a landlord a certain Jacquin Labarre, 2486 02:35:22.760 --> 02:35:25.280 a man of consideration in the town on account of 2487 02:35:25.280 --> 02:35:28.840 his relationship to another le Bars, who kept the Inn 2488 02:35:28.879 --> 02:35:32.879 of the Three Dauphins in Grenoble and had served in 2489 02:35:32.920 --> 02:35:37.000 the guides. At the time of the Emperor's landing, many 2490 02:35:37.040 --> 02:35:40.440 rumors had circulated throughout the country with regard to this 2491 02:35:40.559 --> 02:35:44.920 Inn of three Dauphins. It is said that General Bertrand, 2492 02:35:44.959 --> 02:35:49.040 disguised as a carter, had made frequent trips thither in 2493 02:35:49.079 --> 02:35:52.479 the month of January, and that he had distributed crosses 2494 02:35:52.520 --> 02:35:55.040 of honor to the soldiers and handfuls of gold to 2495 02:35:55.079 --> 02:35:59.479 the citizens. The truth is that when the Emperor entered Grenoble, 2496 02:35:59.879 --> 02:36:02.639 he had refused to install himself at the hotel of 2497 02:36:02.719 --> 02:36:06.040 the prefecture. He had thanked the mayor, saying I am 2498 02:36:06.079 --> 02:36:08.559 going to the house of a brave man of my acquaintance, 2499 02:36:09.200 --> 02:36:12.559 and he had betaken himself to the three Dauphins. This 2500 02:36:12.680 --> 02:36:15.639 glory of the Labarre of the three Dauphins was reflected 2501 02:36:15.680 --> 02:36:18.920 upon the Labarre of the Cross to colbat at a 2502 02:36:18.959 --> 02:36:22.520 distance of five and twenty leagues. It was said of 2503 02:36:22.600 --> 02:36:25.000 him in town, that is the cousin of the men 2504 02:36:25.040 --> 02:36:30.479 of Grenoble. The man bent his steps towards this inn, 2505 02:36:31.079 --> 02:36:34.360 which was the best in the countryside. He entered the kitchen, 2506 02:36:34.440 --> 02:36:37.520 which opened on a level with the street. All the 2507 02:36:37.559 --> 02:36:41.120 stoves are lighted. A huge fire blazed gaily in the fireplace. 2508 02:36:41.879 --> 02:36:45.200 The host, which was also the chief cook, was going 2509 02:36:45.239 --> 02:36:49.399 from one stewpan to another, very busily superintending an excellent 2510 02:36:49.440 --> 02:36:53.799 dinner designed for the wagoners, whose loud talking, conversation and 2511 02:36:53.879 --> 02:36:58.200 laughter were audible from the adjoining apartment. Any One who 2512 02:36:58.200 --> 02:37:01.479 has traveled knows that there is no one who indulges 2513 02:37:01.559 --> 02:37:05.959 in better cheer than wagoners. A fat marmot, flanked by 2514 02:37:05.959 --> 02:37:09.239 white partridges and heather cocks, was turning on a long 2515 02:37:09.280 --> 02:37:13.440 spit before the fire. On the stove. Two huge carps 2516 02:37:13.520 --> 02:37:16.520 from Lake Luzette, and a trout from like a laws 2517 02:37:16.559 --> 02:37:21.639 for cooking. The host heard the door open, and, seeing 2518 02:37:21.639 --> 02:37:24.760 a newcomer enter, said, without raising his eyes from his stoves, 2519 02:37:25.159 --> 02:37:28.760 what do you wish, sir, Food and lodging, said the man. 2520 02:37:29.319 --> 02:37:32.799 Nothing easier, replied the host. At that moment he turned 2521 02:37:32.799 --> 02:37:36.559 his head, took in the traveler's appearance with a single glance, 2522 02:37:36.840 --> 02:37:40.520 and added by paying for it. The man drew a 2523 02:37:40.600 --> 02:37:43.239 large leather purse from the pocket of his blouse and answered, 2524 02:37:43.399 --> 02:37:46.959 I have money. In that case. We are at your service, 2525 02:37:47.120 --> 02:37:50.440 said the host. The man put his purse back in 2526 02:37:50.520 --> 02:37:54.040 his pocket, removed his knapsack from his back, put it 2527 02:37:54.040 --> 02:37:56.879 on the ground near the door, retained his stick in 2528 02:37:56.920 --> 02:38:00.200 his hand, and seated himself on a low stool close 2529 02:38:00.239 --> 02:38:03.600 to the fire. Dean is in the mountains. The evenings 2530 02:38:03.600 --> 02:38:06.760 are cold there in October. But as the host went 2531 02:38:06.799 --> 02:38:10.719 back and forth, he scrutinized the traveler. Will dinner be 2532 02:38:10.760 --> 02:38:16.479 ready soon? Said the man, immediately replied the landlord. While 2533 02:38:16.479 --> 02:38:19.079 the newcomer was warming himself before the fire, with his 2534 02:38:19.200 --> 02:38:22.959 back turned, the worthy host, jacquin Labarre, drew a pencil 2535 02:38:23.000 --> 02:38:25.520 from his pocket, then tore off the corner of an 2536 02:38:25.520 --> 02:38:28.000 old newspaper, which was lying on a small table near 2537 02:38:28.040 --> 02:38:31.360 the window. On the white margin, he rode a line 2538 02:38:31.440 --> 02:38:34.879 or two, folded it without sealing, and then entrusted this 2539 02:38:34.959 --> 02:38:37.440 scrap of paper to a child, who seemed to serve 2540 02:38:37.520 --> 02:38:41.000 him in the capacity both of scullion and lackey. The 2541 02:38:41.079 --> 02:38:43.879 landlord whispered a word in the scullion's ear, and the 2542 02:38:43.959 --> 02:38:46.200 child set off at a run in the direction of 2543 02:38:46.239 --> 02:38:49.920 the town hall. The traveler saw nothing of all this. 2544 02:38:51.559 --> 02:38:55.799 Once more, he inquired, will dinner be ready soon? Immediately 2545 02:38:55.920 --> 02:39:01.159 responded the host. The child returned. He brought back the paper. 2546 02:39:02.799 --> 02:39:05.319 The host unfolded it eagerly, like a person who is 2547 02:39:05.399 --> 02:39:09.719 expecting a reply. He seemed to read it attentively, then 2548 02:39:09.760 --> 02:39:13.719 tossed his head and remained thoughtful for a moment. Then 2549 02:39:13.760 --> 02:39:15.719 he took a step in the direction of the traveler, 2550 02:39:15.799 --> 02:39:18.280 who appeared to be immersed in reflections which were not 2551 02:39:18.399 --> 02:39:23.719 very serene. I cannot receive you, sir, said he. The 2552 02:39:23.799 --> 02:39:27.319 man half rose, what are you afraid that I will 2553 02:39:27.319 --> 02:39:29.280 not pay you? Do you want me to pay you 2554 02:39:29.319 --> 02:39:32.200 in advance? I have money, I tell you, it is 2555 02:39:32.280 --> 02:39:37.079 not that. What then you have money? Yes, said the man, 2556 02:39:37.440 --> 02:39:42.159 And I said the host, have no room. The man 2557 02:39:42.200 --> 02:39:47.879 resumed tranquility, put me in the stable. I cannot why 2558 02:39:48.680 --> 02:39:52.399 the horses take up all the space. Very well, retorted 2559 02:39:52.440 --> 02:39:55.079 the man. A corner of the loft, then a trouse 2560 02:39:55.120 --> 02:39:59.479 of straw. We will see about that after dinner. I 2561 02:39:59.600 --> 02:40:03.920 cannot give you any dinner. This declaration, made in a 2562 02:40:04.040 --> 02:40:08.079 measured but firm tone, struck the stranger as grave. He rose, 2563 02:40:09.399 --> 02:40:12.680 ah bah, but I am dying of hunger. I have 2564 02:40:12.719 --> 02:40:15.799 been walking since sunrise. I have traveled twelve leagues. I 2565 02:40:15.920 --> 02:40:19.719 pay I wish to eat. I have nothing, said the landlord. 2566 02:40:20.239 --> 02:40:23.319 The man burst out laughing, and turned towards the fireplace 2567 02:40:23.440 --> 02:40:27.040 and the stoves. Nothing and all that, all that is 2568 02:40:27.079 --> 02:40:32.760 engaged by whom by monsieurs, the wagoners. How many are 2569 02:40:32.760 --> 02:40:36.319 there of them? Twelve? There is enough food there for twenty. 2570 02:40:36.799 --> 02:40:38.440 They have engaged the whole of it, and paid for 2571 02:40:38.559 --> 02:40:42.360 in advance. The man seated himself again and said, without 2572 02:40:42.440 --> 02:40:46.239 raising his voice, I am at an inn, I am hungry, 2573 02:40:46.479 --> 02:40:50.000 and I shall remain. Then the host bent down to 2574 02:40:50.040 --> 02:40:52.440 his ear and said, in a tone that made him 2575 02:40:52.440 --> 02:40:57.479 start go away. At that moment, the traveler was bending 2576 02:40:57.479 --> 02:41:00.159 forward and thrusting some brands into the fire with the 2577 02:41:00.200 --> 02:41:04.399 iron shod tip of his staff. He turned quickly round, 2578 02:41:04.559 --> 02:41:06.680 and as he opened his mouth to reply, the host 2579 02:41:06.799 --> 02:41:10.600 gazed steadily at him and added, still in a low voice, stop, 2580 02:41:12.120 --> 02:41:14.719 that's enough of that sort of talk. Do you want 2581 02:41:14.719 --> 02:41:18.079 me to tell you your name? Your name is Jean Valjean. 2582 02:41:18.959 --> 02:41:20.639 Now do you want me to tell you who you are? 2583 02:41:21.520 --> 02:41:24.200 When I saw you come in, I suspected something. I 2584 02:41:24.239 --> 02:41:26.600 sent to the town hall, And this was the reply 2585 02:41:26.680 --> 02:41:29.680 that was sent to me. Can you read so? Saying 2586 02:41:30.239 --> 02:41:33.760 he held out to the stranger, fully unfolded the paper, 2587 02:41:33.799 --> 02:41:36.239 which had just traveled from the inn to the town hall, 2588 02:41:36.440 --> 02:41:39.280 and from the town hall to the inn. The man 2589 02:41:39.360 --> 02:41:42.760 cast a glance upon it. The landlord resumed after a pause. 2590 02:41:44.159 --> 02:41:46.239 I am in the habit of being polite to every one. 2591 02:41:46.680 --> 02:41:51.440 Go away. The man dropped his head, picked up the 2592 02:41:51.520 --> 02:41:53.799 knapsack which he had deposited on the ground, and took 2593 02:41:53.799 --> 02:41:58.920 his departure. He chose the principal street. He walked straight 2594 02:41:58.959 --> 02:42:01.559 on at a venture, keeping close to the houses like 2595 02:42:01.559 --> 02:42:05.639 a sad and humiliated man. He did not turn round 2596 02:42:05.680 --> 02:42:09.000 a single time. Had he done so, he would have 2597 02:42:09.040 --> 02:42:11.520 seen the host of the cross of cobas, standing on 2598 02:42:11.600 --> 02:42:14.559 his threshold, surrounded by all the guests of his inn, 2599 02:42:15.079 --> 02:42:19.000 and all the passers by in the street, talking vivaciously 2600 02:42:19.079 --> 02:42:22.920 and pointing him out with his finger. And from the 2601 02:42:22.920 --> 02:42:26.520 glances of terror and distrust cast by the group, he 2602 02:42:26.600 --> 02:42:29.639 might have divined that his arrival would speedily come an 2603 02:42:29.639 --> 02:42:34.239 event for the whole town. He saw nothing of all this. 2604 02:42:35.159 --> 02:42:38.319 People who are crushed do not look behind them. They 2605 02:42:38.399 --> 02:42:40.879 know but too well the evil fate which follows them. 2606 02:42:41.760 --> 02:42:45.680 Thus he proceeded for some time, walking on without ceasing, 2607 02:42:46.200 --> 02:42:50.000 traversing at random streets of which he knew nothing. Forgetful 2608 02:42:50.000 --> 02:42:52.319 of his fatigue, As is often the case when a 2609 02:42:52.319 --> 02:42:56.159 man is sad, all at once he felt the pangs 2610 02:42:56.159 --> 02:43:01.200 of hunger sharply. Night was drawing near. He glanced about 2611 02:43:01.280 --> 02:43:03.479 him to see whether he could not discover some shelter. 2612 02:43:05.239 --> 02:43:08.479 The fine hostelry was closed to him. He was seeking 2613 02:43:08.559 --> 02:43:13.600 some very humble public place, some hovel, however lowly. Just 2614 02:43:13.719 --> 02:43:16.920 then a light flashed up at the end of the streets. 2615 02:43:17.360 --> 02:43:20.159 A pine branch suspended from a cross beam of iron, 2616 02:43:20.239 --> 02:43:23.479 was outlined against the white sky of the twilight. He 2617 02:43:23.559 --> 02:43:28.360 proceeded thither. It proved to be in fact a public house, 2618 02:43:29.200 --> 02:43:31.360 the public house which is in the Rue de Chauffe. 2619 02:43:33.879 --> 02:43:37.040 The wayfarer halted for a moment and peeped through the 2620 02:43:37.079 --> 02:43:39.920 window into the interior of the low studded room of 2621 02:43:39.920 --> 02:43:42.520 the public house, illuminated by a small lamp on the 2622 02:43:42.559 --> 02:43:46.360 table and by a large fire on the hearth. Some 2623 02:43:46.479 --> 02:43:50.040 men were engaged in drinking there. The landlord was warming 2624 02:43:50.079 --> 02:43:54.120 himself an iron pot suspended from a crane, bubbled over 2625 02:43:54.159 --> 02:43:58.719 the flame. The entrance to this public house, which is 2626 02:43:58.840 --> 02:44:01.559 also a sort of an inn, is by two doors. 2627 02:44:02.319 --> 02:44:05.079 One opens on the street, the other upon a small 2628 02:44:05.200 --> 02:44:09.079 yard filled with manure. The traveler dare not enter by 2629 02:44:09.120 --> 02:44:13.159 the street door. He slipped into the yard, halted again, 2630 02:44:13.799 --> 02:44:17.000 then raised the latch timidly and opened the door. Who 2631 02:44:17.040 --> 02:44:20.520 goes there, said the master, some one who wants supper 2632 02:44:20.520 --> 02:44:25.120 in bed. Good. We furnish supper and bed. Here he entered. 2633 02:44:25.760 --> 02:44:28.680 All the men who were drinking turned round. The lamp 2634 02:44:28.719 --> 02:44:31.399 illuminated him on one side, the firelight on the other. 2635 02:44:32.280 --> 02:44:34.639 They examined him for some time. While he was taking 2636 02:44:34.639 --> 02:44:38.079 off his knapsack. The host said to him, there is 2637 02:44:38.079 --> 02:44:40.520 the fire. The supper is cooking at the pot. Come 2638 02:44:40.559 --> 02:44:46.399 and warm yourself, comrade. He approached and seated himself near 2639 02:44:46.440 --> 02:44:49.920 the hearth. He stretched out his feet, which were exhausted 2640 02:44:49.959 --> 02:44:53.559 with fatigue, to the fire. A fine odor was emitted 2641 02:44:53.559 --> 02:44:57.360 by the pot. All that could be distinguished of his face, 2642 02:44:57.639 --> 02:45:00.760 beneath his cap, which was well pulled down, assumed a 2643 02:45:00.840 --> 02:45:05.200 vague appearance of comfort, mingled with that other poignant aspect 2644 02:45:05.239 --> 02:45:11.079 which habitual suffering bestows. It was, moreover, a firm, energetic, 2645 02:45:11.120 --> 02:45:17.120 and melancholy profile. This physiognomy was strangely composed. It began 2646 02:45:17.200 --> 02:45:22.280 by seeming humble and ended by seeming severe. The eye 2647 02:45:22.319 --> 02:45:28.239 shone beneath its lashes, like a fire beneath brushwood. One 2648 02:45:28.239 --> 02:45:31.440 of the men seated at the table, however, was a fishmonger, who, 2649 02:45:32.200 --> 02:45:34.719 before entering the public house of the Rue de Chauffaut, 2650 02:45:35.479 --> 02:45:39.200 had been to stable his horse at La Barre's. It 2651 02:45:39.360 --> 02:45:44.000 chanced that he had that very morning encountered this unprepossessing 2652 02:45:44.040 --> 02:45:47.760 stranger on the road between Bros Dass and I have 2653 02:45:47.799 --> 02:45:53.120 forgotten the name. I think it was Escoublon. Now. When 2654 02:45:53.159 --> 02:45:57.159 he met him, the man, who then seemed already extremely weary, 2655 02:45:57.719 --> 02:46:00.559 had requested him to take him on his crupper, to 2656 02:46:00.639 --> 02:46:03.920 which the fishmonger had made no reply, except by redoubling 2657 02:46:03.959 --> 02:46:08.000 his gait. This fishmonger had been a member half an 2658 02:46:08.000 --> 02:46:12.079 hour previously of the group which surrounded Jacquin Labarre, and 2659 02:46:12.200 --> 02:46:15.719 had himself related his disagreeable encounter of the morning to 2660 02:46:15.760 --> 02:46:19.680 the people at the cross to Colbas, from where he sat. 2661 02:46:20.200 --> 02:46:24.200 He made an imperceptible sign to the tavern keeper. The 2662 02:46:24.239 --> 02:46:27.719 tavern keeper went to him. They exchanged a few words 2663 02:46:27.760 --> 02:46:31.799 in a low tone. The man had again become absorbed 2664 02:46:31.799 --> 02:46:36.360 in his reflections. The tavern keeper returned to the fireplace, 2665 02:46:36.879 --> 02:46:39.120 laid his hand abruptly on the shoulder of the man, 2666 02:46:39.200 --> 02:46:41.920 and said to him, you are going to get out 2667 02:46:41.959 --> 02:46:46.200 of here. The stranger turned round and replied, gently, Ah, 2668 02:46:46.760 --> 02:46:50.879 you know, yes, I was sent away from the other inn, 2669 02:46:51.079 --> 02:46:52.680 and you are to be turned out of this one. 2670 02:46:53.520 --> 02:46:57.719 Where would you have me go elsewhere? The man took 2671 02:46:57.719 --> 02:47:02.799 his stick and his knapsack and departed. As he went out, 2672 02:47:03.200 --> 02:47:06.200 some children who had followed him from the cross of Colbas, 2673 02:47:06.639 --> 02:47:08.479 and who seemed to be lying in wait for him, 2674 02:47:08.719 --> 02:47:12.360 threw stones at him. He retraced his steps in anger 2675 02:47:12.360 --> 02:47:15.239 and threatened them with his stick. The children dispersed like 2676 02:47:15.239 --> 02:47:19.639 a flock of birds. He passed before the prison. At 2677 02:47:19.680 --> 02:47:22.040 the door hung an iron chain attached to the bell. 2678 02:47:23.079 --> 02:47:28.479 He rang. The wicket opened. Turnkey said he removing his 2679 02:47:28.559 --> 02:47:31.440 cap politely. Will you have the kindness to admit me 2680 02:47:31.760 --> 02:47:34.639 and give me a lodging for the night? A voice replied, 2681 02:47:34.799 --> 02:47:37.600 the prison is not an inn. Get yourself arrested and 2682 02:47:37.639 --> 02:47:42.680 you will be admitted. The wicket closed again. He entered 2683 02:47:42.680 --> 02:47:46.440 a little street in which there were many gardens. Some 2684 02:47:46.479 --> 02:47:49.520 of them were enclosed only by hedges, which lends a 2685 02:47:49.600 --> 02:47:53.200 cheerful aspect to the street. In the midst of these 2686 02:47:53.200 --> 02:47:56.079 gardens and hedges, he caught sight of a small house 2687 02:47:56.079 --> 02:47:59.360 of a single story, the window of which was lighted up. 2688 02:48:00.360 --> 02:48:02.200 He peered through the pane, as he had done at 2689 02:48:02.239 --> 02:48:06.319 the public house. Within was a large whitewashed room with 2690 02:48:06.399 --> 02:48:09.600 a bed draped in printed cotton stuff and a cradle 2691 02:48:09.600 --> 02:48:12.840 in one corner, a few wooden chairs, and a double 2692 02:48:12.840 --> 02:48:16.680 barreled gun hanging on the wall. A table was spread 2693 02:48:16.680 --> 02:48:19.719 in the center of the room. A copper lamp illuminated 2694 02:48:19.760 --> 02:48:23.360 the tablecloth of coarse white linen, the pewter jug shining 2695 02:48:23.399 --> 02:48:26.920 like silver and filled with wine and the brown smoking 2696 02:48:26.920 --> 02:48:31.280 soup tureen. At this table sat a man of about forty, 2697 02:48:31.639 --> 02:48:35.639 with a merry and open countenance, who was dandling a 2698 02:48:35.639 --> 02:48:39.079 little child on his knees. Close by, a very young 2699 02:48:39.120 --> 02:48:42.959 woman was nursing another child. The father was laughing, the 2700 02:48:43.079 --> 02:48:47.680 child was laughing, the mother was smiling. The stranger paused 2701 02:48:47.680 --> 02:48:51.239 a moment in reverie before this tender and calming spectacle. 2702 02:48:52.280 --> 02:48:55.959 What was taking place within him? He alone could have told. 2703 02:48:56.639 --> 02:48:59.079 It is probable that he thought that this joyous house 2704 02:48:59.079 --> 02:49:02.000 would be hospitable, and that in a place where he 2705 02:49:02.040 --> 02:49:05.719 beheld so much happiness, he might find perhaps a little pity. 2706 02:49:07.159 --> 02:49:09.280 He tapped on the pane with a very small and 2707 02:49:09.319 --> 02:49:14.840 feeble knock. They did not hear him. He tapped again. 2708 02:49:16.120 --> 02:49:18.799 He heard the woman say, it seems to me, husband, 2709 02:49:18.879 --> 02:49:23.319 that some one is knocking. No, replied the husband. He 2710 02:49:23.360 --> 02:49:26.959 tapped a third time. The husband rose, took the lamp 2711 02:49:27.200 --> 02:49:30.760 and went to the door, which he opened. He was 2712 02:49:30.799 --> 02:49:34.920 a man of lofty stature, half peasant, half artisan. He 2713 02:49:34.959 --> 02:49:38.200 wore a huge leather apron which reached to his left shoulder, 2714 02:49:38.559 --> 02:49:41.639 and which a hammer and red kerchief, a powder horn, 2715 02:49:42.040 --> 02:49:44.239 and all sorts of objects which were upheld by the 2716 02:49:44.280 --> 02:49:48.840 girdle as in a pocket, caused to bulge out. He 2717 02:49:48.959 --> 02:49:52.159 carried his head thrown backwards. His shirt widely opened and 2718 02:49:52.200 --> 02:49:56.040 turned back, displayed his bull neck white and bare. He 2719 02:49:56.120 --> 02:50:00.680 had thick eyelashes, enormous black whiskers, prominent eyes, the lower 2720 02:50:00.719 --> 02:50:03.639 part of his face like a snout, and besides all 2721 02:50:03.680 --> 02:50:07.159 this that air of being on his own ground, which 2722 02:50:07.200 --> 02:50:12.719 is indescribable. Pardon me, sir, said the wayfarer. Could you, 2723 02:50:12.959 --> 02:50:15.879 in consideration of payment, give me a plate of soup 2724 02:50:15.920 --> 02:50:17.920 and a corner of that shed yonder in the garden 2725 02:50:18.000 --> 02:50:20.879 in which to sleep. Tell me can you for money? 2726 02:50:22.399 --> 02:50:25.479 Who are you? Demanded the master of the house. The 2727 02:50:25.559 --> 02:50:29.760 man replied, I have just come from Poyt Mooisan. I 2728 02:50:29.799 --> 02:50:32.520 have walked all day long. I have traveled twelve leagues. 2729 02:50:32.719 --> 02:50:36.440 Can you if I pay? I would not refuse, said 2730 02:50:36.479 --> 02:50:39.239 the peasant, to lodge any respectable man who would pay me. 2731 02:50:39.680 --> 02:50:42.159 But why do you not go to the inn? There 2732 02:50:42.200 --> 02:50:46.639 is no room? Bah impossible, this is neither a fair 2733 02:50:46.719 --> 02:50:50.559 nor a market day. Have you been to La Barre? Yes? Well, 2734 02:50:51.719 --> 02:50:55.200 the traveler replied, in embarrassment, I do not know he 2735 02:50:55.319 --> 02:50:59.079 did not receive me. Have you been to what's his names? 2736 02:50:59.159 --> 02:51:04.280 In the Ruecheffaut. The stranger's embarrassment increased. He stammered, he 2737 02:51:04.360 --> 02:51:08.719 did not receive me either. The peasant's countenance assumed an 2738 02:51:08.760 --> 02:51:12.760 expression of distrust. He surveyed the newcomer from head to feet, 2739 02:51:12.799 --> 02:51:16.879 and suddenly explained, with a sort of shudder, are you 2740 02:51:17.079 --> 02:51:20.959 the man? He cast a fresh glance upon the stranger, 2741 02:51:21.559 --> 02:51:24.360 took three steps backwards, placed the lamp on the table, 2742 02:51:24.479 --> 02:51:28.840 took his gun down from a wall. Meanwhile, at the 2743 02:51:28.840 --> 02:51:32.520 words are you the man? The woman had risen, had 2744 02:51:32.559 --> 02:51:35.600 clasped her two children in her arms, and had taken 2745 02:51:35.680 --> 02:51:40.440 refuge precipitately behind her husband, staring in terror at the stranger, 2746 02:51:41.000 --> 02:51:44.120 with her bosom uncovered and with frightened eyes, as she 2747 02:51:44.200 --> 02:51:48.959 murmured in a low tone, solo old. All this took 2748 02:51:49.000 --> 02:51:51.520 place in less time than it requires to picture it 2749 02:51:51.559 --> 02:51:55.920 to one's self. After having scrutinized the man for several minutes, 2750 02:51:56.040 --> 02:51:59.280 as one scrutinizes a viper, the master of the house 2751 02:51:59.319 --> 02:52:03.479 returned to the door and said, clear out, for pity's sake, 2752 02:52:03.559 --> 02:52:06.239 a glass of water, said the man. A shot from 2753 02:52:06.239 --> 02:52:09.680 my gun, said the peasant. Then he closed the door violently, 2754 02:52:10.239 --> 02:52:14.000 and the man heard him shoot two large bolts. A 2755 02:52:14.040 --> 02:52:18.200 moment later, the window shutter was closed, and the sound 2756 02:52:18.239 --> 02:52:20.840 of a bar of iron, which was placed against it 2757 02:52:20.959 --> 02:52:27.239 was audible. Outside, night continued to fall. A cold wind 2758 02:52:27.280 --> 02:52:30.159 from the Alps was blowing. By the light of the 2759 02:52:30.200 --> 02:52:33.879 expiring day, the stranger perceived in one of the gardens 2760 02:52:33.879 --> 02:52:37.399 which bordered the street a sort of hut which seemed 2761 02:52:37.440 --> 02:52:40.559 to him to be built of sods. He climbed over 2762 02:52:40.600 --> 02:52:44.159 the wooden fence resolutely and found himself in the garden. 2763 02:52:45.200 --> 02:52:48.520 He approached the hut. Its door consisted of a very 2764 02:52:48.600 --> 02:52:52.280 low and narrow aperture, and it resembled those buildings which 2765 02:52:52.360 --> 02:52:55.879 road laborers construct from themselves along the roads. He thought 2766 02:52:55.920 --> 02:52:58.639 without doubt that it was in fact the dwelling of 2767 02:52:58.639 --> 02:53:01.920 a road laborer. He was suffering from cold and hunger, 2768 02:53:02.280 --> 02:53:05.239 but this was at least a shelter from the cold. 2769 02:53:05.840 --> 02:53:08.680 This sort of dwelling was not usually occupied at night. 2770 02:53:09.440 --> 02:53:12.000 He threw himself flat on his face and crawled into 2771 02:53:12.000 --> 02:53:15.000 the hut. It was warm there, and he found a 2772 02:53:15.040 --> 02:53:18.280 tolerably good bed of straw. He lay for a moment 2773 02:53:18.440 --> 02:53:20.760 stretched out on the bed, without the power to make 2774 02:53:20.799 --> 02:53:24.920 a movement. So fatigued was he. Then, as the knapsack 2775 02:53:24.959 --> 02:53:27.799 on his back was in his way, and as it 2776 02:53:27.879 --> 02:53:32.319 furnished moreover a pillow ready at his hand, he set 2777 02:53:32.360 --> 02:53:36.479 about unbuckling one of the straps. At that moment, a 2778 02:53:36.479 --> 02:53:42.319 ferocious growl became audible. He raised his eyes. The head 2779 02:53:42.399 --> 02:53:45.520 of an enormous dog was outlined in the darkness at 2780 02:53:45.520 --> 02:53:49.360 the entrance of the hut. It was a dog's kennel. 2781 02:53:50.239 --> 02:53:53.600 He was himself, vigorous and formidable. He armed himself with 2782 02:53:53.680 --> 02:53:56.719 his staff, made a shield of his knapsack, and made 2783 02:53:56.760 --> 02:53:58.760 his way out of the kennel in the best way 2784 02:53:58.799 --> 02:54:02.239 he could not, without enlarging the rents of his rags. 2785 02:54:04.120 --> 02:54:06.920 He left the garden in the same manner, but backwards, 2786 02:54:06.959 --> 02:54:10.000 being obliged in order to keep the dog respectful to 2787 02:54:10.040 --> 02:54:13.200 have recourse to that maneuver with his stick, which masters 2788 02:54:13.239 --> 02:54:16.319 in that sort of fencing designate as la rose couforte. 2789 02:54:19.079 --> 02:54:22.600 When he had not, without difficulty, repassed the fence, and 2790 02:54:22.680 --> 02:54:26.000 found himself once more in the street, alone, without refuge, 2791 02:54:26.159 --> 02:54:30.440 without shelter, without a roof over his head, chased even 2792 02:54:30.479 --> 02:54:33.239 from that bed of straw, and from that miserable kennel. 2793 02:54:33.879 --> 02:54:37.799 He dropped rather than seated himself on a stone, and 2794 02:54:37.879 --> 02:54:41.040 it appears that a passer by heard him exclaim, I 2795 02:54:41.040 --> 02:54:45.959 am not even a dog. He soon rose again and 2796 02:54:46.079 --> 02:54:49.360 resumed his march. He went out of the town, hoping 2797 02:54:49.440 --> 02:54:52.079 to find some tree or haystack in the fields which 2798 02:54:52.120 --> 02:54:56.120 would afford him shelter. He walked thus for some time, 2799 02:54:56.280 --> 02:54:59.719 with his head still drooping. When he felt himself far 2800 02:54:59.760 --> 02:55:03.719 from every human habitation, he raised his eyes and gazed 2801 02:55:03.760 --> 02:55:08.479 searchedly around him. He was in a field. Before him 2802 02:55:08.600 --> 02:55:11.719 was one of those low hills covered with close cut stubble, which, 2803 02:55:12.040 --> 02:55:17.920 after the harvest, resembled shaved heads. The horizon was perfectly black. 2804 02:55:19.600 --> 02:55:24.159 This was not alone the obscurity of night. It was 2805 02:55:24.239 --> 02:55:27.440 caused by very low hanging clouds, which seemed to rest 2806 02:55:27.520 --> 02:55:30.559 upon the hill itself, and which were mounting and filling 2807 02:55:30.600 --> 02:55:34.959 the whole sky. Meanwhile, as the moon was about to rise, 2808 02:55:35.760 --> 02:55:38.639 and as there was still floating in the zenith a 2809 02:55:38.719 --> 02:55:42.120 remnant of the brightness of twilight, these clouds formed at 2810 02:55:42.120 --> 02:55:45.319 the summit of the sky a sort of whitish arch. 2811 02:55:45.920 --> 02:55:50.159 Whence a gleam of light fell upon the earth. The 2812 02:55:50.239 --> 02:55:54.000 earth was thus better lighted than the sky, which produces 2813 02:55:54.000 --> 02:55:58.600 a particularly sinister effect. And the hill, whose contour was 2814 02:55:58.680 --> 02:56:02.079 poor and mean, was outlined vag and wan against the 2815 02:56:02.079 --> 02:56:07.760 gloomy horizon. The whole effect was hideous, petty, lugubrious, and narrow. 2816 02:56:09.200 --> 02:56:11.479 There was nothing in the field or on the hill 2817 02:56:11.559 --> 02:56:15.079 except a deformed tree which writhed and shivered a few 2818 02:56:15.120 --> 02:56:19.920 paces distant from the wayfarer. This man was evidently very 2819 02:56:19.920 --> 02:56:23.159 far from having those delicate habits of intelligence and spirit 2820 02:56:23.280 --> 02:56:28.639 which render, when sensible, to the mysterious aspects of things. Nevertheless, 2821 02:56:28.959 --> 02:56:32.280 there was something in that sky, in that hill, in 2822 02:56:32.360 --> 02:56:37.200 that plain, in that tree, which was so profoundly desolate, that, 2823 02:56:37.280 --> 02:56:41.280 after a moment of immobility and reverie, he turned back abruptly. 2824 02:56:42.319 --> 02:56:48.079 There are instants when nature seemed hostile. He retraced his steps. 2825 02:56:48.440 --> 02:56:52.040 The gates of Dean were closed. Dean, which had sustained 2826 02:56:52.040 --> 02:56:56.760 sieges during the Wars of Religion, was still surrounded in 2827 02:56:56.840 --> 02:57:01.399 eighteen fifteen by ancient walls flanked by square towers, which 2828 02:57:01.399 --> 02:57:05.479 have been demolished. Since he passed through a breach and 2829 02:57:05.680 --> 02:57:09.479 entered the town again. It might have been eight o'clock 2830 02:57:09.520 --> 02:57:12.479 in the evening. As he was not acquainted with the streets, 2831 02:57:13.200 --> 02:57:17.239 he recommenced his walk at random. In this way he 2832 02:57:17.280 --> 02:57:20.920 came to the prefecture, then to the seminary. As he 2833 02:57:21.000 --> 02:57:23.959 passed through the cathedral square, he shook his fist at 2834 02:57:23.959 --> 02:57:27.399 the church. At the corner of this square there is 2835 02:57:27.440 --> 02:57:32.239 a printing establishment. It is there that the proclamations of 2836 02:57:32.239 --> 02:57:35.040 the Emperor and of the Imperial Guard to the Army, 2837 02:57:35.440 --> 02:57:38.680 brought from the island of Elba and dictated by Napoleon himself, 2838 02:57:39.000 --> 02:57:42.920 were printed for the first time. Worn Out with fatigue 2839 02:57:43.239 --> 02:57:46.479 and no longer entertaining any hope, he lay down on 2840 02:57:46.520 --> 02:57:48.760 a stone bench which stands at the doorway of this 2841 02:57:48.840 --> 02:57:54.319 printing office. At that moment, an old woman came out 2842 02:57:54.360 --> 02:57:58.000 of the church. She saw the man stretched out in 2843 02:57:58.000 --> 02:58:01.799 the shadow. What are you doing there, my friend, said she. 2844 02:58:02.959 --> 02:58:06.520 He answered, harshly and angrily, as you see, my good woman, 2845 02:58:06.559 --> 02:58:10.799 I am sleeping. The good woman who was well worthy 2846 02:58:10.840 --> 02:58:15.959 the name, in fact, was the Marquise de Yr. On 2847 02:58:16.079 --> 02:58:19.200 this bench, she went on, I have had a mattress 2848 02:58:19.200 --> 02:58:22.280 of wood for nineteen years, said the man. To day, 2849 02:58:22.319 --> 02:58:27.520 I have a mattress of stone. You have been a soldier, yes, 2850 02:58:27.639 --> 02:58:31.159 my good woman, a soldier. Why do you not go 2851 02:58:31.200 --> 02:58:35.760 to the inn? Because I have no money? Alas said 2852 02:58:35.879 --> 02:58:39.479 Madame de R, I have only four sous in my purse. 2853 02:58:40.840 --> 02:58:43.799 Give it to me all the same. The man took 2854 02:58:43.840 --> 02:58:48.559 the four sous. Madame de R continued, you cannot obtain 2855 02:58:48.639 --> 02:58:51.319 lodgings in an inn for so small a sum, But 2856 02:58:51.399 --> 02:58:54.079 have you tried. It is impossible for you to pass 2857 02:58:54.120 --> 02:58:57.159 the night. Thus you are cold and hungry. No doubt 2858 02:58:57.520 --> 02:58:59.719 some one might have given you a lodging out of charity. 2859 02:59:00.600 --> 02:59:03.959 I have knocked at all doors. Well, I have been 2860 02:59:04.040 --> 02:59:07.840 driven away everywhere. The good woman touched the man's arm 2861 02:59:08.399 --> 02:59:10.360 and pointed out to him on the other side of 2862 02:59:10.360 --> 02:59:13.639 the street a small low house which stood beside the 2863 02:59:13.680 --> 02:59:16.799 bishop's palace. Have you knocked at all doors? 2864 02:59:17.639 --> 02:59:17.879 Yes? 2865 02:59:18.879 --> 02:59:28.000 Have you knocked at that one? No knock there? And 2866 02:59:28.159 --> 02:59:31.200 of Book two, Chapter one. 2867 02:59:30.600 --> 02:59:36.840 Book two The Fall, Chapter two Prudence Counsel to Wisdom 2868 02:59:39.959 --> 02:59:43.920 that evening, the Bishop of Dna, after his promenade through 2869 02:59:43.920 --> 02:59:46.920 the town, remained shut up rather late in his room. 2870 02:59:47.719 --> 02:59:50.680 He was busy over a great work on duties, which 2871 02:59:50.719 --> 02:59:55.600 was never completed. Unfortunately, he was carefully compiling everything that 2872 02:59:55.680 --> 02:59:59.719 the fathers and the doctors have said on this important subject. 2873 03:00:00.760 --> 03:00:05.120 His book was divided into two parts, firstly the duties 2874 03:00:05.159 --> 03:00:09.879 of all, and secondly the duties of each individual, according 2875 03:00:09.879 --> 03:00:14.399 to the class to which he belongs. The duties of 2876 03:00:14.440 --> 03:00:17.600 all are the great duties. There are four of these, 2877 03:00:18.639 --> 03:00:23.600 Saint Matthew points them out. Duties toward God Matthew six, 2878 03:00:24.559 --> 03:00:29.360 duties towards one's self Matthew five twenty nine, and thirty 2879 03:00:30.120 --> 03:00:36.559 duties towards one neighbor Matthew seven, twelve duties towards animals 2880 03:00:36.600 --> 03:00:41.760 Matthew six, twenty and twenty five. As for the other duties, 2881 03:00:41.879 --> 03:00:45.959 the bishop found them pointed out and prescribed elsewhere to 2882 03:00:46.079 --> 03:00:51.159 sovereigns and subjects in the Epistles to the Romans, to magistrates, 2883 03:00:51.159 --> 03:00:54.799 to wives, to mothers, to young men by Saint Peter, 2884 03:00:55.799 --> 03:01:00.079 to husbands, fathers, children and servants in the Epistles to 2885 03:01:00.159 --> 03:01:04.680 the Ephesians, to the faithful in the Epistles of the Hebrews, 2886 03:01:05.319 --> 03:01:09.280 to virgins in the Epistle to the Corinthians. Out of 2887 03:01:09.319 --> 03:01:13.639 these precepts, he was laboriously constructing a harmonious hole which 2888 03:01:13.680 --> 03:01:17.479 he desired to present to souls. At eight o'clock. He 2889 03:01:17.600 --> 03:01:20.159 was still at work, writing with a good deal of 2890 03:01:20.200 --> 03:01:24.479 inconvenience upon little squares of paper, with a big book 2891 03:01:24.520 --> 03:01:28.920 open on his knees. When Madame Macleory entered, according to her, 2892 03:01:28.959 --> 03:01:32.200 wont to get the silverware from the cupboard near his bed. 2893 03:01:34.000 --> 03:01:37.079 A moment later, the bishop, knowing that the table was 2894 03:01:37.120 --> 03:01:40.200 set and that his sister was probably waiting for him, 2895 03:01:40.959 --> 03:01:44.120 shut his book, rose from his table and entered the 2896 03:01:44.159 --> 03:01:45.479 dining room. 2897 03:01:46.200 --> 03:01:47.120 The dining room was. 2898 03:01:47.040 --> 03:01:50.600 An oblong apartment with a fireplace, which had a door 2899 03:01:50.639 --> 03:01:53.799 opening on the street, as we have said, and a 2900 03:01:53.840 --> 03:01:59.200 window opening on the garden. Madam Macleory was in fact 2901 03:01:59.719 --> 03:02:03.680 just the last touches to the table. As she performed 2902 03:02:03.680 --> 03:02:09.040 the service, she was conversing with Mademoiselle Baptisteine. A lamp 2903 03:02:09.040 --> 03:02:11.760 stood on the table. The table was near the fireplace, 2904 03:02:12.520 --> 03:02:16.760 a wood fire was burning there. One can easily picture 2905 03:02:16.799 --> 03:02:19.760 to one's self these two women, both of whom were 2906 03:02:19.760 --> 03:02:25.879 over sixty years of age. Madame Magliori, small, plump, vivacious, 2907 03:02:26.680 --> 03:02:32.399 Mademoiselle Baptisteine gentle, slender, frail, somewhat taller than her brother, 2908 03:02:33.239 --> 03:02:36.159 dressed in a gown of puce colored silk, of the 2909 03:02:36.200 --> 03:02:39.639 fashion of eighteen o six, which she had purchased at 2910 03:02:39.719 --> 03:02:43.040 that date in Paris, and which had lasted ever since 2911 03:02:44.639 --> 03:02:48.120 to borrow vulgar phrases which possessed the merit of giving 2912 03:02:48.200 --> 03:02:51.360 utterance in a single word to an idea which a 2913 03:02:51.399 --> 03:02:56.159 whole page would hardly suffice to express. Madame Magloi had 2914 03:02:56.200 --> 03:02:59.799 the air of a peasant, and Mademoiselle Baptisteine that of 2915 03:02:59.799 --> 03:03:05.079 a lady. Madame Magleory wore a white quilted cap, a 2916 03:03:05.159 --> 03:03:08.440 gold Jeannette cross on a velvet ribbon upon her neck, 2917 03:03:09.200 --> 03:03:11.360 the only bit of feminine jewelry that there was in 2918 03:03:11.399 --> 03:03:15.319 the house, a very white fetoe puffing out from a 2919 03:03:15.360 --> 03:03:19.760 gown of coarse black woolen stuff, with large short sleeves, 2920 03:03:20.360 --> 03:03:23.399 an apron of cotton cloth, and red and green checks 2921 03:03:23.959 --> 03:03:28.040 knotted round the waist, with a green ribbon, with a 2922 03:03:28.079 --> 03:03:30.760 stomacher of the same attached by two pins at the 2923 03:03:30.840 --> 03:03:35.680 upper corners, coarse shoes on her feet, and yellow stockings. 2924 03:03:36.159 --> 03:03:41.920 Like the women of Marseilles, Mademoiselle Baptisteine's gown was cut 2925 03:03:41.920 --> 03:03:45.520 on the patterns of eighteen o six, with a short waist, 2926 03:03:46.079 --> 03:03:51.040 a narrow sheathlike skirt, puffed sleeves with flaps and buttons. 2927 03:03:52.000 --> 03:03:55.120 She concealed her gray hair under a frizzed wig known 2928 03:03:55.159 --> 03:04:00.719 as the baby wig. Madame Magleory had an intelligent, vivacious, 2929 03:04:00.760 --> 03:04:04.920 and kindly air. The two corners of her mouth unequally raised, 2930 03:04:05.280 --> 03:04:07.959 and her upper lip, which was larger than the lower, 2931 03:04:08.600 --> 03:04:13.639 imparted to her a rather crabbed and imperious look. So 2932 03:04:13.799 --> 03:04:18.079 long as Monseigneur held his peace, she talked to him resolutely, 2933 03:04:18.159 --> 03:04:21.600 with a mixture of respect and freedom. But as soon 2934 03:04:21.600 --> 03:04:25.479 as Monseigneur began to speak, as we have seen, she 2935 03:04:25.559 --> 03:04:31.079 obeyed passively. Like her mistress, Mademoiselle Baptistin did not even speak. 2936 03:04:31.799 --> 03:04:35.639 She confined herself to obeying and pleasing him. She had 2937 03:04:35.680 --> 03:04:40.360 never been pretty, even when she was young. She had large, blue, 2938 03:04:40.399 --> 03:04:45.159 prominent eyes and a long arched nose. But her whole visage, 2939 03:04:45.280 --> 03:04:49.719 her whole person, breathed forth in ineffable goodness. As we 2940 03:04:49.760 --> 03:04:53.239 have stated in the beginning, she had always been predestined 2941 03:04:53.280 --> 03:04:58.159 to gentleness, but faith, charity, hope, those three virtues which 2942 03:04:58.200 --> 03:05:02.920 mildly warmed the soul had gradually elevated that gentleness to sanctity. 2943 03:05:03.879 --> 03:05:06.799 Nature had made her a lamb. Religion had made her 2944 03:05:06.799 --> 03:05:12.159 an angel, Poor Sainted Virgin, sweet memory, which has vanished. 2945 03:05:14.520 --> 03:05:18.680 Mademoiselle Baptisteine has so often narrated what passed the episcopal 2946 03:05:18.719 --> 03:05:22.559 residence that evening that there are many people now living 2947 03:05:22.959 --> 03:05:28.079 who still recall the most minute details. At the moment 2948 03:05:28.120 --> 03:05:33.760 when the Bishop entered, Madame Magleore was talking with considerable vivacity. 2949 03:05:33.920 --> 03:05:37.120 She was her wranging Mademoiselle Baptisteine on a subject which 2950 03:05:37.159 --> 03:05:39.959 was familiar to her and to which the Bishop was 2951 03:05:40.000 --> 03:05:44.639 also accustomed. The question concerned the lock upon the entrance door. 2952 03:05:46.040 --> 03:05:49.840 It appears that while procuring some provisions for supper, Madame 2953 03:05:49.879 --> 03:05:54.440 Magleory had heard things in divers places. People had spoken 2954 03:05:54.479 --> 03:05:58.959 of a prowler of evil appearance, a suspicious vagabond had arrived, 2955 03:05:59.319 --> 03:06:02.280 who must be somewhere about the town, and those who 2956 03:06:02.280 --> 03:06:04.879 should take into their heads to return home late that 2957 03:06:05.040 --> 03:06:10.280 night might be subjected to unpleasant encounters. The police was 2958 03:06:10.399 --> 03:06:14.280 very badly organized. Moreover, because there was no love lost 2959 03:06:14.319 --> 03:06:17.559 between the Prefect and the mayor, who sought to injury 2960 03:06:17.600 --> 03:06:21.520 each other by making things happen. It behooved wise people 2961 03:06:21.559 --> 03:06:23.920 to play the part of their own police, and to 2962 03:06:24.000 --> 03:06:27.920 guard themselves well. And care must be taken to duly clothes, 2963 03:06:28.040 --> 03:06:31.760 bar and barricade their houses, and to fasten the doors well. 2964 03:06:32.719 --> 03:06:37.239 Madame Macleory emphasized these last words. But the Bishop had 2965 03:06:37.280 --> 03:06:39.959 just come from his room, where it was rather cold. 2966 03:06:40.719 --> 03:06:44.159 He seated himself in front of the fire and warmed himself, 2967 03:06:44.840 --> 03:06:48.360 and then fell the thinking of other things. He did 2968 03:06:48.399 --> 03:06:51.680 not take up the remark dropped with design by Madame Macleory. 2969 03:06:52.639 --> 03:06:58.600 She repeated it. Then, Mademoiselle Baptisteine, desirous of satisfying Madame 2970 03:06:58.639 --> 03:07:04.319 Macleory without displeasing her brother, ventured to say, timidly, did 2971 03:07:04.360 --> 03:07:08.360 you hear what Madame Macleory is saying? Brother? I have 2972 03:07:08.440 --> 03:07:13.159 heard something of it in a vague way, replied the Bishop, then, 2973 03:07:13.280 --> 03:07:16.559 half turning in his chair, placing his hands on his knees, 2974 03:07:17.000 --> 03:07:20.040 and raising towards the old servant woman, his cordial face 2975 03:07:20.559 --> 03:07:23.760 which so easily grew joyous, and which was illuminated from 2976 03:07:23.799 --> 03:07:28.360 below by the firelight. Come, what is the matter? What 2977 03:07:28.479 --> 03:07:32.680 is the matter? Are we in any great danger? Then, 2978 03:07:32.760 --> 03:07:36.680 Madame Magleori began the whole story afresh, exaggerating it a 2979 03:07:36.760 --> 03:07:41.000 little without being aware of the fact. It appeared that 2980 03:07:41.040 --> 03:07:45.719 a bohemian, a barefooted bag upon a sort of dangerous mendicant, 2981 03:07:46.200 --> 03:07:49.159 was at that moment in the town. He had presented 2982 03:07:49.239 --> 03:07:53.120 himself at jacquand Labert's to obtain lodgings, but the latter 2983 03:07:53.159 --> 03:07:55.959 had not been willing to take him in. He had 2984 03:07:55.959 --> 03:07:58.280 been seen to arrive by the way of the Boulevard 2985 03:07:58.280 --> 03:08:02.440 de Sendee, and about the streets and the gloaming a 2986 03:08:02.559 --> 03:08:07.879 gallows bird with a terrible face, really, said the bishop. 2987 03:08:08.319 --> 03:08:12.559 This willingness to interrogate encouraged Madame Magliori. It seemed to 2988 03:08:12.600 --> 03:08:14.760 her to indicate that the Bishop was on the point 2989 03:08:14.799 --> 03:08:20.559 of becoming alarmed. She pursued triumphantly, Yes, monseigneur, that is 2990 03:08:20.600 --> 03:08:23.440 how it is. There will be some sort of catastrophe 2991 03:08:23.440 --> 03:08:26.719 in this town to night. Every one says so, and 2992 03:08:26.799 --> 03:08:31.440 withal The police is so badly regulated. A useful repetition. 2993 03:08:32.000 --> 03:08:34.840 The idea of living in a mountainous country and not 2994 03:08:34.879 --> 03:08:37.920 even having lights in the streets at night, one goes 2995 03:08:37.959 --> 03:08:42.440 out black as ovens. Indeed, and I say, monseigneur, and 2996 03:08:42.559 --> 03:08:47.399 Mademoiselle there says with me. I interrupted. His sister say nothing. 2997 03:08:48.000 --> 03:08:52.760 What my brother does is well done. Madame Maglore continued, 2998 03:08:52.799 --> 03:08:55.879 as though there had been no protest. We say that 2999 03:08:56.000 --> 03:08:59.079 this house is not safe at all, that if Monseigneur 3000 03:08:59.120 --> 03:09:03.360 will permit, I will go and tell Poulainemuspoil, the locksmith, 3001 03:09:03.879 --> 03:09:06.159 to come and replace the ancient locks on the door. 3002 03:09:06.840 --> 03:09:09.000 We have them. And it knows only the word of 3003 03:09:09.040 --> 03:09:11.920 a moment. For I say that nothing is more terrible 3004 03:09:11.920 --> 03:09:14.639 than a door which can be opened from the outside 3005 03:09:14.639 --> 03:09:17.719 with a latch. But the first passer by and I 3006 03:09:17.760 --> 03:09:22.120 say that we need bolts, Monseigneur, if only for this night. Moreover, 3007 03:09:22.600 --> 03:09:26.879 Monseigneur has the habit of always saying come in. And besides, 3008 03:09:27.399 --> 03:09:30.959 even in the middle of the night, Omen dieu, there 3009 03:09:31.040 --> 03:09:35.680 is no need to ask permission. At that moment there 3010 03:09:35.680 --> 03:09:39.159 came a tolerably violent knock on the door. Come in, 3011 03:09:39.680 --> 03:09:49.079 said the bishop. And of book two, Book two, The Fall, 3012 03:09:50.040 --> 03:09:57.239 Chapter three, the Heroism of passive Obedience, the door opened. 3013 03:09:58.159 --> 03:10:01.280 It opened wide with a rapid move, as though some 3014 03:10:01.280 --> 03:10:05.280 one had given it an energetic and resolute push. A 3015 03:10:05.399 --> 03:10:09.559 man entered. We already know the man it was the 3016 03:10:09.559 --> 03:10:13.040 wayfarer whom we have seen wandering about in search of shelter. 3017 03:10:14.399 --> 03:10:18.840 He entered, advanced a step and halted, leaving the door 3018 03:10:18.879 --> 03:10:22.680 open behind him. He had his knapsack on his shoulders, 3019 03:10:23.040 --> 03:10:27.280 his cudgel in his hand, a rough, audacious, weary and 3020 03:10:27.440 --> 03:10:31.159 violent expression in his eyes. The fire on the hearth 3021 03:10:31.280 --> 03:10:36.280 lighted him up. He was hideous. It was a sinister apparition. 3022 03:10:38.639 --> 03:10:41.920 Madame Magliore had not even the strength to utter a cry. 3023 03:10:42.799 --> 03:10:47.639 She trembled and stood with her mouth wide open. Mademoiselle 3024 03:10:47.719 --> 03:10:52.600 Baptistine turned round, beheld the man entering, and half started 3025 03:10:52.680 --> 03:10:56.959 up in terror. Then turning her head by degrees towards 3026 03:10:56.959 --> 03:11:01.360 the fireplace again, she began to observe brother, and her 3027 03:11:01.399 --> 03:11:07.040 failures became once more profoundly calm and serene. The bishop 3028 03:11:07.079 --> 03:11:11.319 fixed a tranquil eye on the man as he opened 3029 03:11:11.440 --> 03:11:15.000 his mouth, doubtless to ask the newcomer what he desired. 3030 03:11:15.760 --> 03:11:19.000 The man rested both hands on his staff, directed his 3031 03:11:19.079 --> 03:11:22.200 gaze at the old man and the two women, and 3032 03:11:22.280 --> 03:11:25.239 without waiting for the bishop to speak, he said, in 3033 03:11:25.280 --> 03:11:29.760 a loud voice, see here. My name is Jean Valjean 3034 03:11:30.319 --> 03:11:33.120 I am a convict from the Galleys. I have passed 3035 03:11:33.200 --> 03:11:36.959 nineteen years in the Galleys. I was liberated four days 3036 03:11:36.959 --> 03:11:40.639 ago and am on my way to Pontarlier, which is 3037 03:11:40.719 --> 03:11:44.559 my destination. I have been walking for four days since 3038 03:11:44.600 --> 03:11:47.799 I left Toulon. I have traveled a dozen leagues to 3039 03:11:47.879 --> 03:11:52.040 day on foot. This evening, when I arrived in these parts, 3040 03:11:52.440 --> 03:11:54.760 I went to an inn and they turned me out 3041 03:11:54.920 --> 03:11:58.040 because of my yellow passport, which I had shown at 3042 03:11:58.040 --> 03:12:01.520 the town hall. I had to do it. I went 3043 03:12:01.559 --> 03:12:05.159 to an inn. They said to me be off. At 3044 03:12:05.200 --> 03:12:09.280 both places no one would take me. I went to 3045 03:12:09.360 --> 03:12:12.879 the prison. The jailer would not admit me. I went 3046 03:12:12.959 --> 03:12:15.959 into a dog's kennel. The dog bit me and chased 3047 03:12:15.959 --> 03:12:19.799 me off. As though he had been a man. No 3048 03:12:19.840 --> 03:12:21.760 one would have said that he knew who I was. 3049 03:12:22.719 --> 03:12:25.399 I went into the fields, intending to sleep in the 3050 03:12:25.399 --> 03:12:29.680 open air beneath the stars. There were no stars. I 3051 03:12:29.760 --> 03:12:31.799 thought it was going to rain, and I re entered 3052 03:12:31.799 --> 03:12:35.840 the town to seek the recess of a doorway yonder. 3053 03:12:35.879 --> 03:12:38.600 In the square, I meant to sleep on a stone bench. 3054 03:12:40.600 --> 03:12:43.079 A good woman pointed out your house to me and said, 3055 03:12:43.559 --> 03:12:48.479 knock there. I have knocked. What is this place do 3056 03:12:48.520 --> 03:12:52.959 you keep an inn? I have money, savings one hundred 3057 03:12:53.000 --> 03:12:56.079 and nine francs fifteen sous, which I earned in the 3058 03:12:56.120 --> 03:12:59.440 galleys by my labor in the course of nineteen years. 3059 03:13:00.479 --> 03:13:03.639 I will pay What is that to me? I have money. 3060 03:13:04.200 --> 03:13:07.879 I am very weary, twelve leagues on foot, I am 3061 03:13:08.000 --> 03:13:14.239 very hungry. Are you willing that I should remain? Madame 3062 03:13:14.280 --> 03:13:19.280 macleore said the bishop, you will set another place. The 3063 03:13:19.319 --> 03:13:22.239 man advanced three paces and approached the lamp, which was 3064 03:13:22.280 --> 03:13:25.920 on the table. Stop. He resumed, as though he had 3065 03:13:25.920 --> 03:13:30.000 not quite understood. That's not it, did you hear? I'm 3066 03:13:30.000 --> 03:13:33.799 a galley slave, a convict. I come from the galleys. 3067 03:13:34.559 --> 03:13:37.200 He drew from his pocket a large sheet of yellow paper, 3068 03:13:37.680 --> 03:13:41.959 which he unfolded. Here is my passport yellow. As you see, 3069 03:13:42.559 --> 03:13:45.200 this serves to expel me from every place where I go. 3070 03:13:45.879 --> 03:13:48.719 Will you read it? I know how to read. I 3071 03:13:48.799 --> 03:13:51.639 learned in the galleys. There is a school there for 3072 03:13:51.680 --> 03:13:56.079 those who choose to learn. Hold. This is what they 3073 03:13:56.079 --> 03:14:01.319 put on this passport. Jean Valjean, convicted Conde native of 3074 03:14:01.799 --> 03:14:04.520 that is nothing to you, has been nineteen years in 3075 03:14:04.559 --> 03:14:08.760 the galleys, five years for house breaking and burglary fourteen 3076 03:14:08.879 --> 03:14:12.440 years for having attempted to escape on four occasions. He 3077 03:14:12.520 --> 03:14:17.399 is a very dangerous man. There everyone has cast me out. 3078 03:14:17.959 --> 03:14:20.680 Are you willing to receive me? Is this an inn? 3079 03:14:21.200 --> 03:14:23.239 Will you give me something to eat and a bed? 3080 03:14:24.040 --> 03:14:31.040 Have you a stable, Madame Maglory said the bishop. You 3081 03:14:31.040 --> 03:14:33.360 will put white sheets on the bed in the alcove. 3082 03:14:34.479 --> 03:14:36.680 We have already explained to the character of the two 3083 03:14:36.680 --> 03:14:42.840 women's obedience. Madame Magleory retired to execute these orders. The 3084 03:14:42.879 --> 03:14:46.559 bishop turned to the man. Sit down, sir, and warm yourself. 3085 03:14:47.079 --> 03:14:49.280 We are going to sup in a few moments, and 3086 03:14:49.360 --> 03:14:53.000 your bed will be prepared while you are supping. At 3087 03:14:53.040 --> 03:14:57.239 this point, the man suddenly comprehended The expression on his 3088 03:14:57.360 --> 03:15:01.879 face up to that time saw and harsh bore the 3089 03:15:01.920 --> 03:15:07.719 imprint of stupefication, of doubt, of joy, and became extraordinary. 3090 03:15:08.479 --> 03:15:14.159 He began stammering like a crazy man. Really, what you 3091 03:15:14.239 --> 03:15:17.879 will keep me? You do not drive me forth a convict. 3092 03:15:18.319 --> 03:15:21.719 You call me sir. You do not address me as thou. 3093 03:15:22.280 --> 03:15:25.120 Get out of here, you dog. Is what people always 3094 03:15:25.120 --> 03:15:28.000 say to me. I felt sure that you would expel me, 3095 03:15:28.479 --> 03:15:31.440 so I told you what once. So I am Oh, 3096 03:15:31.559 --> 03:15:34.000 what a good woman that was who directed me hither. 3097 03:15:34.719 --> 03:15:37.760 I am going to sup a bed with a mattress 3098 03:15:37.799 --> 03:15:41.600 in sheets, like the rest of the world. A bed. 3099 03:15:42.360 --> 03:15:44.799 It is nineteen years since I have slept in a bed. 3100 03:15:45.520 --> 03:15:48.440 You actually do not want me to go. You are 3101 03:15:48.520 --> 03:15:52.520 good people. Besides, I have money. I will pay well. 3102 03:15:53.079 --> 03:15:56.319 Pardon me, monsieur the innkeeper. But what is your name? 3103 03:15:56.799 --> 03:16:00.000 I will pay anything you ask. You are a fine man. 3104 03:16:00.680 --> 03:16:04.440 You are an innkeeper, are you not? I am, replied 3105 03:16:04.479 --> 03:16:09.159 the bishop. A priest who lives here. A priest replied 3106 03:16:09.159 --> 03:16:12.799 the man, Oh, what a fine priest. Then you are 3107 03:16:12.840 --> 03:16:15.479 not going to demand any money of me. You are 3108 03:16:15.520 --> 03:16:19.479 the curee? Are you not the curee of this big church? Well, 3109 03:16:19.719 --> 03:16:22.799 I am a fool, truly, I have not perceived your 3110 03:16:22.799 --> 03:16:28.399 school cap. As he spoke, he deposited his knapsack and 3111 03:16:28.440 --> 03:16:31.920 his cudgel in a corner, replaced his passport in his pocket, 3112 03:16:32.440 --> 03:16:38.520 and seated himself. Mademoiselle Baptistine gazed mildly at him. He continued, 3113 03:16:39.200 --> 03:16:42.959 you are humane, monsieur le curee. You have not scorned me. 3114 03:16:43.559 --> 03:16:46.879 A good priest is a very good thing. Then you 3115 03:16:46.920 --> 03:16:51.399 do not require me to pay no, said the bishop. 3116 03:16:51.600 --> 03:16:54.799 Keep your money. How much have you? Did you not 3117 03:16:54.879 --> 03:16:58.520 tell me? One hundred and nine francs and fifteen sous, 3118 03:16:58.559 --> 03:17:03.479 added the man, one hundred and nine francs fifteen sous. 3119 03:17:03.840 --> 03:17:05.520 And how long did it take you to earn that? 3120 03:17:06.360 --> 03:17:15.600 Nineteen years? Nineteen years. The bishop sighed deeply. The man continued, 3121 03:17:16.120 --> 03:17:19.120 I have still the whole of my money. In four days, 3122 03:17:19.159 --> 03:17:22.200 I have spent only twenty five sous, which I earned 3123 03:17:22.200 --> 03:17:25.680 by helping unloads some wagons at gross. Since you are 3124 03:17:25.719 --> 03:17:27.799 in Abbe, I will tell you that we had a 3125 03:17:27.879 --> 03:17:30.959 chaplain in the galleys and one day I saw a 3126 03:17:30.959 --> 03:17:35.000 bishop there. Monseigneur is what they call him. He was 3127 03:17:35.079 --> 03:17:39.120 the bishop of mahore at Marseillaes. He is the cure 3128 03:17:39.239 --> 03:17:43.079 who rules over the other cures. You understand, Pardon me, 3129 03:17:43.319 --> 03:17:45.559 I say that very badly, but it is such a 3130 03:17:45.559 --> 03:17:48.639 far off thing to me. You understand what we are, 3131 03:17:49.319 --> 03:17:51.520 he said masses. In the middle of the galleys on 3132 03:17:51.559 --> 03:17:54.639 an altar, he had a pointed thing made of gold 3133 03:17:54.680 --> 03:17:57.280 on his head. It glittered in the bright light of 3134 03:17:57.360 --> 03:18:00.760 mid day. We were all arranged in on the three 3135 03:18:00.879 --> 03:18:06.520 sides with cannons with lighted matches facing us, we could 3136 03:18:06.559 --> 03:18:09.760 not see very well. He spoke, but he was too 3137 03:18:09.840 --> 03:18:12.680 far off, and we did not hear. That is what 3138 03:18:12.719 --> 03:18:16.399 a bishop is like. While he was speaking, the bishop 3139 03:18:16.440 --> 03:18:19.680 had gone and shut the door, which had remained wide open. 3140 03:18:20.520 --> 03:18:24.360 Madame Magliori returned. She brought a silver fork and spoon, 3141 03:18:24.760 --> 03:18:28.840 which she placed on the table. Madame Magliore said, the 3142 03:18:28.840 --> 03:18:32.079 bishop placed those things as near the fire as possible, 3143 03:18:32.840 --> 03:18:35.639 and turning to his guest, the night wind is harsh 3144 03:18:35.639 --> 03:18:39.719 on the Alps. You must be cold, sir. Every time 3145 03:18:39.760 --> 03:18:42.559 that he uttered the words sir in his voice, which 3146 03:18:42.639 --> 03:18:46.559 was so gently grave and polished, the man's face lighted up. 3147 03:18:47.360 --> 03:18:50.600 Monseigneur to a convict is like a glass of water 3148 03:18:51.040 --> 03:18:54.799 to one of the shipwrecked of the Medusa. Ignomy thirsts 3149 03:18:54.799 --> 03:18:59.639 for consideration. This lamp gives a very bad light to 3150 03:18:59.680 --> 03:19:04.399 the buship. Madame Maglieri understood him and went to get 3151 03:19:04.440 --> 03:19:08.239 the two silver candlesticks from the chimney piece in Monseigneur's 3152 03:19:08.239 --> 03:19:13.200 bed chamber, and placed them lighted on the table. Monsieur 3153 03:19:13.239 --> 03:19:16.680 le Curae said the man, you are good. You do 3154 03:19:16.760 --> 03:19:20.000 not despise me. You receive me and your house. You 3155 03:19:20.120 --> 03:19:23.239 light your candles for me. Yet I have not concealed 3156 03:19:23.280 --> 03:19:25.319 from you whence I come, and that I am an 3157 03:19:25.399 --> 03:19:30.559 unfortunate man. The bishop, who was sitting close to him, 3158 03:19:30.959 --> 03:19:34.040 gently touched his hand. You could not help telling me 3159 03:19:34.079 --> 03:19:37.360 who you were. This is not my house. It is 3160 03:19:37.399 --> 03:19:40.799 the house of Jesus Christ. This storage does not demand 3161 03:19:40.799 --> 03:19:43.559 of him who enters, whether he has a name, but 3162 03:19:43.680 --> 03:19:47.920 whether he has a grief you suffer. You are hungry 3163 03:19:47.959 --> 03:19:51.840 and thirsty. You are welcome, and do not think me. 3164 03:19:52.440 --> 03:19:54.760 Do not say that I receive you in my house. 3165 03:19:55.479 --> 03:19:58.120 No one is at home here except the man who 3166 03:19:58.159 --> 03:20:02.399 needs a refuge. I say to you who are passing by, 3167 03:20:02.600 --> 03:20:05.360 that you are much more at home than I am myself. 3168 03:20:06.200 --> 03:20:09.360 Everything here is yours. What need have I to know 3169 03:20:09.479 --> 03:20:13.840 your name? Besides before you told me you had one 3170 03:20:13.879 --> 03:20:17.760 which I knew. The man opened his eyes in astonishment. 3171 03:20:18.920 --> 03:20:24.840 Really you knew what I was called? Yes, replied the bishop. 3172 03:20:25.239 --> 03:20:31.239 You are called my brother. Stop Monsieur le curee, exclaimed 3173 03:20:31.280 --> 03:20:34.000 the man. I was very hungry when I entered here, 3174 03:20:34.360 --> 03:20:37.159 but you are so good that I no longer know 3175 03:20:37.280 --> 03:20:40.040 what has happened to me. The bishop looked at him 3176 03:20:40.040 --> 03:20:44.719 and said, you have suffered much. Oh, the red coat, 3177 03:20:45.280 --> 03:20:50.639 the ball on the ankle, a plank to sleep on, heat, cold, toil, 3178 03:20:50.920 --> 03:20:55.280 the convicts, the thrashings, the double chain for nothing, the 3179 03:20:55.319 --> 03:20:59.399 cell for one word, even sick and in bed still 3180 03:20:59.680 --> 03:21:07.079 the dogs, dogs are happier. Nineteen years I am forty six. 3181 03:21:08.120 --> 03:21:10.920 Now there is the yellow passport. That is what it 3182 03:21:11.000 --> 03:21:16.760 is like. Yes, resumed, the Bishop. You have come from 3183 03:21:16.799 --> 03:21:21.520 a very sad place. Listen. There will be more joy 3184 03:21:21.559 --> 03:21:24.479 in Heaven over the tear bathed face of a repentant 3185 03:21:24.520 --> 03:21:28.840 sinner than over the white robes of an hundred just men. 3186 03:21:29.120 --> 03:21:31.799 If you emerge from that sad place with thoughts of 3187 03:21:31.799 --> 03:21:36.200 hatred and of wrath against mankind, you are deserving of pity. 3188 03:21:36.879 --> 03:21:40.079 If you emerge with thoughts of good will and of peace, 3189 03:21:40.680 --> 03:21:44.799 you are more worthy than any one of us. In 3190 03:21:44.879 --> 03:21:51.040 the meantime, Madame Magliore had served supper soup made with water, oil, 3191 03:21:51.280 --> 03:21:56.760 bread and salt, a little bacon, a bit of mutton figs, 3192 03:21:57.040 --> 03:22:00.239 a fresh cheese, and a large loaf of rye bread. 3193 03:22:01.559 --> 03:22:04.639 She had of her own accord, added to the bishop's 3194 03:22:04.719 --> 03:22:09.920 ordinary fare a bottle of his old mauve wine. The 3195 03:22:09.920 --> 03:22:13.719 bishop's face at once assumed that expression of gaiety, which 3196 03:22:13.760 --> 03:22:18.559 is peculiar to hospitable natures, to table. He cried vivaciously, 3197 03:22:19.440 --> 03:22:22.079 as was his custom. When a stranger supped with him, 3198 03:22:22.559 --> 03:22:25.760 he made the man sit on his right. Mademoiselle back 3199 03:22:25.799 --> 03:22:29.879 to steam, perfectly peaceable and natural, took her seat at 3200 03:22:29.959 --> 03:22:33.559 his left. The bishop asked a blessing that helped the 3201 03:22:33.600 --> 03:22:38.719 soup himself, according to his custom. The man began to 3202 03:22:38.760 --> 03:22:42.920 eat with avidity. All at once. The Bishop says, it 3203 03:22:42.959 --> 03:22:47.319 strikes me there is something missing on this table. Madame 3204 03:22:47.360 --> 03:22:50.280 Magliore had, in fact, only placed the three sets of 3205 03:22:50.360 --> 03:22:55.120 forks and spoons, which were absolutely necessary. Now it was 3206 03:22:55.159 --> 03:22:58.000 the usage of the house when the Bishop had anyone 3207 03:22:58.000 --> 03:23:01.079 to supper, to lay out the whole six sets of 3208 03:23:01.120 --> 03:23:06.559 silver on the tablecloth in innocent ostentation. This graceful semblance 3209 03:23:06.600 --> 03:23:09.440 of luxury was a kind of child's play, which was 3210 03:23:09.479 --> 03:23:12.719 full of charm in that gentle and severe household, which 3211 03:23:12.840 --> 03:23:18.799 raised poverty into dignity. Madam Macleori understood the remark, went 3212 03:23:18.879 --> 03:23:21.799 out without saying a word, and a moment later the 3213 03:23:21.840 --> 03:23:25.319 three sets of silver forks and spoons demanded by the 3214 03:23:25.360 --> 03:23:30.120 bishop were glittering upon the cloth symmetrically arranged before the 3215 03:23:30.200 --> 03:23:36.639 three persons seated at the table. End of Book two. 3216 03:23:38.920 --> 03:23:45.399 Book two the Fall, Chapter four details concerning the cheese 3217 03:23:45.440 --> 03:23:52.120 dairies of Pontarliers. Now, in order to convey an idea 3218 03:23:52.239 --> 03:23:55.600 of what happened at that table, we cannot do better 3219 03:23:55.840 --> 03:23:59.239 than to transcribe here a passage from one of Mademoiselle 3220 03:23:59.319 --> 03:24:04.959 Baptiste's to Madame Boi Chervran, wherein the conversation between the 3221 03:24:05.000 --> 03:24:10.440 convict and the bishop is described with ingenious minuteness. This 3222 03:24:10.520 --> 03:24:13.280 man paid no attention to any one. He ate with 3223 03:24:13.319 --> 03:24:17.760 the veracity of a starving man. However, after supper, he said, 3224 03:24:18.360 --> 03:24:21.600 Monsieur le cure of the Good God. All this is 3225 03:24:21.680 --> 03:24:24.120 far too good for me. But I must say that 3226 03:24:24.200 --> 03:24:26.799 the carters, who would not allow me to eat with them, 3227 03:24:26.920 --> 03:24:30.959 keep a better table than you two between ourselves. The 3228 03:24:31.079 --> 03:24:34.799 remark rather shocked me. My brother replied, they are more 3229 03:24:34.799 --> 03:24:39.399 fatigued than I. No, returned the man, they have more money. 3230 03:24:39.959 --> 03:24:43.360 You are poor. I see that. Plainly you cannot be 3231 03:24:43.399 --> 03:24:47.399 even a curate. Are you really a curee? Ah? If 3232 03:24:47.479 --> 03:24:50.319 the Good God were but just, you certainly ought to 3233 03:24:50.360 --> 03:24:54.479 be a curee. The good God is more than just, 3234 03:24:54.600 --> 03:24:59.520 said my brother. A moment later, he added, Monsieur Jean Valjean, 3235 03:25:00.079 --> 03:25:03.040 is it to pont arlier? You are going with my 3236 03:25:03.159 --> 03:25:06.079 road marked out for me? I think that is what 3237 03:25:06.159 --> 03:25:09.159 the man said. Then he went on, I must be 3238 03:25:09.200 --> 03:25:13.319 on my way by daybreak tomorrow. Traveling is hard. If 3239 03:25:13.319 --> 03:25:17.000 the nights are cold the days are hot. You are 3240 03:25:17.000 --> 03:25:20.159 going to a good country, said my brother. During the revolution, 3241 03:25:20.440 --> 03:25:24.360 my family was ruined. I took refuge in franche Comte 3242 03:25:24.360 --> 03:25:26.920 at first, and there I lived for some time. By 3243 03:25:26.959 --> 03:25:30.440 the twil of my hands, my will was good. I 3244 03:25:30.520 --> 03:25:34.520 found plenties occupy me. One has only to choose. There 3245 03:25:34.520 --> 03:25:39.760 are paper mills, tanneries, distilleries, boil factories, watch factories on 3246 03:25:39.799 --> 03:25:44.879 a large scale, steel mills, copper works, twenty iron foundries, 3247 03:25:44.920 --> 03:25:49.120 at least four of which situated at Lodes, at Chatillon, 3248 03:25:49.600 --> 03:25:55.479 at Anencour and at Beer are tolerably large. I think 3249 03:25:55.520 --> 03:25:57.479 I am not mistaken in saying that those are the 3250 03:25:57.559 --> 03:26:01.399 names which my brother mentioned. Then he interrupted himself and 3251 03:26:01.440 --> 03:26:04.879 addressed me, have we not some relatives in those parts? 3252 03:26:04.920 --> 03:26:10.319 My dear sister, I replied, we did have some, Among others. 3253 03:26:10.719 --> 03:26:13.920 Monsieur de Lucignee, who was captain of the gates at 3254 03:26:13.959 --> 03:26:19.600 Pontalier under the old regime. Yes, resumed, my brother, But 3255 03:26:19.680 --> 03:26:23.000 in ninety three one had no longer any relatives, one 3256 03:26:23.040 --> 03:26:26.920 had only one's arms. I worked. They have in the 3257 03:26:26.920 --> 03:26:31.719 country of Pontalier, whither you are going, Monsieur Valjean, a 3258 03:26:31.760 --> 03:26:36.399 truly patriarchal and truly charming industry. My sister, it is 3259 03:26:36.440 --> 03:26:40.920 their cheese dairies, which they call fritier. Then my brother, 3260 03:26:41.200 --> 03:26:44.600 while urging the man to eat, explained to him with 3261 03:26:44.680 --> 03:26:49.440 great minuteness what these fritiers of Pontaralier were. That they 3262 03:26:49.440 --> 03:26:53.079 were divided into two classes, the big barns, which belonged 3263 03:26:53.120 --> 03:26:56.120 to the rich, and where there are forty or fifty cows, 3264 03:26:56.479 --> 03:26:59.680 which produce from seven to eight thousand cheeses each summer, 3265 03:27:00.280 --> 03:27:04.399 and the associated frutier, which belonged to the poor. These 3266 03:27:04.440 --> 03:27:07.319 are the peasants of mid Mountain, who hold their cows 3267 03:27:07.360 --> 03:27:11.120 in common and share the proceeds. They engage the services 3268 03:27:11.120 --> 03:27:15.479 of cheesemaker, whom they call the gruam. The gruround perceives 3269 03:27:15.479 --> 03:27:18.079 the milk of the associates three times a day and 3270 03:27:18.159 --> 03:27:21.440 marks the quantity on a double tally. It is towards 3271 03:27:21.440 --> 03:27:23.319 the end of April that the work of the cheese 3272 03:27:23.360 --> 03:27:26.399 dairs begins. It is towards the middle of June that 3273 03:27:26.479 --> 03:27:30.559 the cheesemakers drive their cows to the mountain. The man 3274 03:27:30.600 --> 03:27:34.159 recovered his animation as he ate. My brother made him 3275 03:27:34.239 --> 03:27:36.840 drink that good mauve of wine, which he does not 3276 03:27:36.959 --> 03:27:40.879 drink himself, because he says that wine is expensive. My 3277 03:27:40.959 --> 03:27:44.360 brother imparted all these details with that easy gayety of 3278 03:27:44.440 --> 03:27:48.200 his with which you are acquainted, interspersing his words with 3279 03:27:48.280 --> 03:27:52.719 graceful attentions. To me, he recurred frequently to that comfortable 3280 03:27:52.760 --> 03:27:55.879 trade of grura, as though he wished the men to understand, 3281 03:27:56.479 --> 03:28:00.239 without advising him directly and harshly, that this would award 3282 03:28:00.319 --> 03:28:04.280 him a refuge. One thing struck me this man was 3283 03:28:04.319 --> 03:28:08.040 what I have told you well. Neither during supper, nor 3284 03:28:08.159 --> 03:28:11.719 during the entire evening did my brother utter a single word, 3285 03:28:12.239 --> 03:28:14.600 with the exception of a few words about Jesus when 3286 03:28:14.600 --> 03:28:17.280 he entered, which could remind the man of what he was, 3287 03:28:17.959 --> 03:28:21.840 nor of what my brother was. To all appearances, it 3288 03:28:21.920 --> 03:28:24.559 was the occasion for preaching him a little sermon, and 3289 03:28:24.639 --> 03:28:27.440 of impressing the bishop on the convict, so that the 3290 03:28:27.520 --> 03:28:30.600 mark of the passage might remain behind. This might have 3291 03:28:30.600 --> 03:28:33.319 appeared to any one else who had this unfortunate man 3292 03:28:33.360 --> 03:28:36.120 in his hands, to afford a chance to nourish his 3293 03:28:36.200 --> 03:28:39.280 soul as well as his body, and to bestow upon 3294 03:28:39.360 --> 03:28:43.879 him some reproach, seasoned with moralizing and advice, were a 3295 03:28:43.920 --> 03:28:47.920 little commiseration, with an exhortation to conduct himself better in 3296 03:28:47.959 --> 03:28:51.360 the future. My brother did not even ask him from 3297 03:28:51.360 --> 03:28:55.280 what country he came, nor what was his history. For 3298 03:28:55.319 --> 03:28:58.120 in his history there was a fault, and my brother 3299 03:28:58.200 --> 03:29:01.159 seemed to avoid everything which could remind him of it. 3300 03:29:02.399 --> 03:29:04.600 To such a point did he carry it that at 3301 03:29:04.600 --> 03:29:07.399 one time, when my brother, who was speaking of the 3302 03:29:07.399 --> 03:29:12.799 mountaineers of Pontalier, who exercises gentle labor near heaven, and 3303 03:29:12.879 --> 03:29:16.159 who he added, are happy because they are innocent, he 3304 03:29:16.239 --> 03:29:19.799 stopped short, fearing lest in this remark there might have 3305 03:29:19.920 --> 03:29:23.280 escaped him something which might wound the man. By dint 3306 03:29:23.280 --> 03:29:26.520 of reflection, I think I have comprehended what was passing 3307 03:29:26.559 --> 03:29:30.360 in my brother's heart. He was thinking, no doubt that 3308 03:29:30.399 --> 03:29:34.799 this man, whose name is Jean Valjean, had his misfortune 3309 03:29:34.879 --> 03:29:38.120 only too vividly present in his mind, and that the 3310 03:29:38.159 --> 03:29:41.000 best thing was to divert him from it, and to 3311 03:29:41.040 --> 03:29:44.479 make him believe, if only momentarily, that he was a 3312 03:29:44.479 --> 03:29:47.600 person like any other, by treating him in just his 3313 03:29:47.799 --> 03:29:51.840 ordinary way. Is this not indeed to understand charity? 3314 03:29:51.879 --> 03:29:52.120 Well? 3315 03:29:53.120 --> 03:29:58.040 Is there not, dear Madame, something truly evangelical in this delicacy, 3316 03:29:58.120 --> 03:30:02.959 which abstains from sermon, from moralizing, from allusions, and is 3317 03:30:03.040 --> 03:30:05.680 not the truest pity when a man has a sore 3318 03:30:05.760 --> 03:30:09.239 point not to touch it at all. It seemed to 3319 03:30:09.280 --> 03:30:11.760 me that this might have been my brother's private thought. 3320 03:30:12.680 --> 03:30:15.719 In any case, what I can say is that if 3321 03:30:15.760 --> 03:30:18.680 he entertained all these ideas, he gave no sign of 3322 03:30:18.760 --> 03:30:23.360 them from beginning to end. Even to me. He was 3323 03:30:23.399 --> 03:30:26.520 the same as he is every evening, And he sucked 3324 03:30:26.520 --> 03:30:29.639 with a Jean Valjean, with the same air and in 3325 03:30:29.719 --> 03:30:32.079 the same manner in which he might have sucked with 3326 03:30:32.120 --> 03:30:35.879 Monsieur gettyon the provost, or with the curates of the parish. 3327 03:30:37.200 --> 03:30:39.760 Towards the end, when he had reached the figs, there 3328 03:30:39.799 --> 03:30:42.959 came a knock at the door. It was Mother Grabaudt, 3329 03:30:43.319 --> 03:30:46.319 with her little one in her arms. My brother kissed 3330 03:30:46.319 --> 03:30:49.440 the child on the brow and borrowed fifteen sous which 3331 03:30:49.440 --> 03:30:53.000 I had about me to give to mother Gerbeaud. The 3332 03:30:53.079 --> 03:30:56.159 man was not paying much heed to anything. Then he 3333 03:30:56.239 --> 03:30:59.280 was no longer talking, and he seemed very much fatigued. 3334 03:30:59.680 --> 03:31:03.200 After poor old gerbeaut had taken her departure, my brother 3335 03:31:03.319 --> 03:31:05.920 said grace. Then he turned to the man and said 3336 03:31:05.920 --> 03:31:08.639 to him, you must be in great need of your bed. 3337 03:31:10.000 --> 03:31:14.120 Madame MAGLIORI cleared the table very promptly. I understood that 3338 03:31:14.200 --> 03:31:17.079 we must retire in order to allow this traveler to 3339 03:31:17.079 --> 03:31:21.799 go to sleep, and we both went upstairs. Nevertheless, I 3340 03:31:21.879 --> 03:31:25.239 sent Madame Magliore down a moment later to carry to 3341 03:31:25.319 --> 03:31:28.360 the man's bed a goatskin from the black forest, which 3342 03:31:28.440 --> 03:31:31.520 was in my room. The knights are frigid, and that 3343 03:31:31.600 --> 03:31:34.479 keeps one warm. It is a pity that this skin 3344 03:31:34.639 --> 03:31:38.000 is old. All the hair is falling out. My brother 3345 03:31:38.120 --> 03:31:41.280 bought it while he was in Germany at Totlingen, near 3346 03:31:41.319 --> 03:31:44.239 the sources of the Danube, as well as the little 3347 03:31:44.280 --> 03:31:48.639 ivory handled knife which I use at table. Madame Maglory 3348 03:31:48.760 --> 03:31:52.000 returned immediately. We set our prayers in the drawing room, 3349 03:31:52.399 --> 03:31:54.559 where we hang up the linen, and then we each 3350 03:31:54.639 --> 03:31:58.040 retired to our own chambers without saying a word to 3351 03:31:58.079 --> 03:32:03.760 each other. And of Book two, Chapter four. 3352 03:32:04.079 --> 03:32:11.040 Book two The Fall, Chapter five, Tranquility. After bidding his 3353 03:32:11.159 --> 03:32:15.120 sister good night, Monseigneur Bienvenu took one of the two 3354 03:32:15.159 --> 03:32:18.879 silver candlesticks from the table, handed the other to his guest, 3355 03:32:19.319 --> 03:32:22.120 and said to him, Monsieur, I will conduct you to 3356 03:32:22.159 --> 03:32:26.479 your room. The man followed him. As might have been 3357 03:32:26.520 --> 03:32:29.280 observed from what has been said above, the house was 3358 03:32:29.319 --> 03:32:32.559 so arranged that in order to pass into the oratory 3359 03:32:32.600 --> 03:32:35.840 where the alcove was situated, or to get out of it, 3360 03:32:35.840 --> 03:32:40.040 it was necessary to traverse the bishop's bedroom. At the 3361 03:32:40.079 --> 03:32:43.399 moment when he was crossing this apartment, Madame mc glor 3362 03:32:43.600 --> 03:32:45.879 was putting away the silverware in the cupboard near the 3363 03:32:45.920 --> 03:32:48.840 head of the bed. This was her last care every 3364 03:32:48.879 --> 03:32:52.639 evening before she went to bed. The Bishop installed his 3365 03:32:52.719 --> 03:32:55.680 guest in the alcove. A fresh white bed had been 3366 03:32:55.719 --> 03:32:58.520 prepared there. The man set the candle down on a 3367 03:32:58.559 --> 03:33:02.440 small table well, said the Bishop. May you pass a 3368 03:33:02.479 --> 03:33:06.040 good night Tomorrow morning. Before you set out, you shall 3369 03:33:06.120 --> 03:33:10.079 drink a cup of warm milk from our cows. Thanks 3370 03:33:10.239 --> 03:33:14.680 Monsieur le Bay, said the man hardly had he pronounced 3371 03:33:14.680 --> 03:33:17.319 these words full of peace, when all of a sudden 3372 03:33:17.360 --> 03:33:20.719 and without transition, he made a strange movement which would 3373 03:33:20.719 --> 03:33:23.200 have frozen the two sainted women with horror had they 3374 03:33:23.239 --> 03:33:26.760 witnessed it. Even at this day, it is difficult for 3375 03:33:26.840 --> 03:33:30.239 us to explain what inspired him at that moment. Did 3376 03:33:30.280 --> 03:33:32.559 he intend to convey a warning or to throw out 3377 03:33:32.559 --> 03:33:36.120 a menace? Was he simply obeying a sort of instinctive 3378 03:33:36.159 --> 03:33:40.440 impulse which was obscure even to himself. He turned abruptly 3379 03:33:40.479 --> 03:33:43.479 to the old man, folded his arms and bending upon 3380 03:33:43.520 --> 03:33:48.040 his host a savage gaze, he exclaimed in a hoarse voice. Ah, really, 3381 03:33:48.440 --> 03:33:51.079 you lodge me in your house close to yourself like this? 3382 03:33:52.120 --> 03:33:54.879 He broke off, and added, with a laugh in which 3383 03:33:54.920 --> 03:33:58.680 there looked something monstrous. Hah, have you really reflected? Well? 3384 03:33:58.879 --> 03:34:01.200 How do you know that I have not been an assassin? 3385 03:34:02.319 --> 03:34:07.559 The bishop replied, that is the concern of the good God. Then, gravely, 3386 03:34:07.879 --> 03:34:10.280 and moving his lips like one who is praying or 3387 03:34:10.319 --> 03:34:13.520 talking to himself, he raised two fingers of his right 3388 03:34:13.559 --> 03:34:16.959 hand and bestowed his benediction on the man, who did 3389 03:34:17.000 --> 03:34:20.479 not bow, and without turning his head or looking behind him. 3390 03:34:20.520 --> 03:34:24.680 He returned to his bedroom. When the alcove was in use, 3391 03:34:24.840 --> 03:34:28.000 a large serge curtain drawn from wall to wall concealed 3392 03:34:28.040 --> 03:34:31.959 the altar. The bishop knelt before this curtain as he passed, 3393 03:34:31.959 --> 03:34:35.000 and said a brief prayer. A moment later, he was 3394 03:34:35.000 --> 03:34:39.600 in his garden, walking, meditating, contemplating, his heart and soul 3395 03:34:39.680 --> 03:34:43.079 wholly absorbed in those grand and mysterious things which God 3396 03:34:43.120 --> 03:34:46.600 shows at night to the eyes which remain open. As 3397 03:34:46.600 --> 03:34:49.520 for the man, he was actually so fatigued that he 3398 03:34:49.559 --> 03:34:53.360 did not even profit by the nice white sheets. Snuffing 3399 03:34:53.360 --> 03:34:56.399 out his candle with his nostrils after the manner of convicts, 3400 03:34:56.639 --> 03:34:59.239 he dropped, all dressed as he was, upon the bed 3401 03:34:59.600 --> 03:35:04.559 where he he immediately fell into a profound sleep midnight struck. 3402 03:35:04.639 --> 03:35:07.399 As the bishop returned from his garden to his apartment. 3403 03:35:08.360 --> 03:35:11.479 A few minutes later, all were asleep in the little house. 3404 03:35:12.920 --> 03:35:19.120 End of book two, Book two, The Fall, Chapter six, 3405 03:35:19.639 --> 03:35:26.079 Jean Valjean. Towards the middle of the night, Jean Valjean woke. 3406 03:35:27.360 --> 03:35:31.000 Jean Valjean came from a poor peasant family of bris. 3407 03:35:31.040 --> 03:35:34.239 He had not learned to read in his childhood. When 3408 03:35:34.239 --> 03:35:37.879 he reached Man's estate, he became a tree pruner at Favroles. 3409 03:35:38.840 --> 03:35:42.399 His mother was named Jeanne Meteau. His father was called 3410 03:35:42.520 --> 03:35:47.600 Jean Valjean or Valjean, probably a sobriquet and a contraction 3411 03:35:47.719 --> 03:35:53.079 of Villet Jean. Here's Jean Jean Valjean was of that 3412 03:35:53.159 --> 03:35:57.799 thoughtful but not gloomy disposition which constitutes the peculiarity of 3413 03:35:57.840 --> 03:36:02.799 affectionate natures. On the whole. However, there was something decidedly 3414 03:36:02.920 --> 03:36:07.239 sluggish and insignificant about Jean Valjean in appearance. At least, 3415 03:36:08.000 --> 03:36:10.239 he had lost his father and mother at a very 3416 03:36:10.280 --> 03:36:13.639 early age. His mother had died of a milk fever 3417 03:36:13.959 --> 03:36:17.959 which had not been properly attended. To his father, a 3418 03:36:18.000 --> 03:36:21.079 tree pruner, like himself, had been killed by a fall 3419 03:36:21.120 --> 03:36:24.879 from a tree. All that remained to Jean Valjean was 3420 03:36:24.920 --> 03:36:28.479 a sister older than himself, a widow with seven children, 3421 03:36:28.680 --> 03:36:32.799 boys and girls. This sister had brought up Jean Valjean, 3422 03:36:33.200 --> 03:36:35.440 and so long as she had had a husband, she 3423 03:36:35.559 --> 03:36:40.760 lodged and fed her young brother. The husband died, the 3424 03:36:40.799 --> 03:36:43.959 eldest of the seven children was eight years old. The 3425 03:36:44.040 --> 03:36:49.799 youngest one, Jean Valjean, had just attained his twenty fifth year. 3426 03:36:50.559 --> 03:36:53.639 He took the father's place, and in his turn supported 3427 03:36:53.639 --> 03:36:56.680 the sister who had brought him up. This was done 3428 03:36:56.719 --> 03:36:59.719 simply as a duty, and even a little churlishly on 3429 03:36:59.719 --> 03:37:03.319 the part of Jean Valjean. Thus his youth had been 3430 03:37:03.360 --> 03:37:06.879 spent in rude and ill paid toil. He had never 3431 03:37:06.959 --> 03:37:10.319 known a kind woman friend in his native parts. He 3432 03:37:10.399 --> 03:37:13.799 had not had the time to fall in love. He 3433 03:37:13.879 --> 03:37:16.920 returned at night weary and ate his broth without uttering 3434 03:37:16.959 --> 03:37:21.680 a word. His sister mother Jeanne, often took the best 3435 03:37:21.760 --> 03:37:24.479 part of his repast from his bowl while he was eating, 3436 03:37:24.840 --> 03:37:27.200 a bit of meat, a slice of bacon, the heart 3437 03:37:27.239 --> 03:37:29.799 of the cabbage, to give to one of her children. 3438 03:37:30.799 --> 03:37:33.440 As he went on eating, with his head bent over 3439 03:37:33.520 --> 03:37:36.600 the table and almost into his soup, his long hair 3440 03:37:36.680 --> 03:37:39.840 falling about his bowl and concealing his eyes, he had 3441 03:37:39.879 --> 03:37:44.159 the air of perceiving nothing and allowing it. There was 3442 03:37:44.159 --> 03:37:47.600 at Favoles, not far from the Valjean thatched cottage on 3443 03:37:47.639 --> 03:37:50.239 the other side of the lane, a farmer's wife named 3444 03:37:50.239 --> 03:37:55.479 Marie Claude. The Valjean children, habitually famished, sometimes went to 3445 03:37:55.479 --> 03:37:57.760 borrow from Marie Claude a pint of milk in their 3446 03:37:57.760 --> 03:38:00.959 mother's name, which they drank behind a hedge or in 3447 03:38:01.000 --> 03:38:04.120 some alley corner, snatching the jug from each other so 3448 03:38:04.239 --> 03:38:07.280 hastily that the little girls spilled it on their aprons 3449 03:38:07.319 --> 03:38:10.600 and down their necks. If their mother had known of 3450 03:38:10.639 --> 03:38:15.200 this marauding, she would have punished the delinquents severely. Jean 3451 03:38:15.280 --> 03:38:19.159 Valjean gruffly and grumblingly paid Marie Claude for the pint 3452 03:38:19.200 --> 03:38:22.079 of milk behind their mother's back, and the children were 3453 03:38:22.120 --> 03:38:26.920 not punished. In pruning season, he earned eighteen sous a day. 3454 03:38:27.559 --> 03:38:30.520 Then he hired out as a haymaker, as laborer, as 3455 03:38:30.600 --> 03:38:33.479 neat herd on a farm, as a drudge. He did 3456 03:38:33.479 --> 03:38:37.079 whatever he could. His sister worked also, but what could 3457 03:38:37.079 --> 03:38:40.680 she do with seven little children. It was a sad group, 3458 03:38:40.840 --> 03:38:45.600 enveloped in misery, which was being gradually annihilated. A very 3459 03:38:45.639 --> 03:38:50.120 hard winter came. Jean had no work, the family had 3460 03:38:50.120 --> 03:38:57.200 no bread, no bread, literally seven children. One Sunday evening, 3461 03:38:57.520 --> 03:39:01.040 Maubert Isabeau, the baker on the church square at Favrole's, 3462 03:39:01.440 --> 03:39:03.920 was preparing to go to bed when he heard a 3463 03:39:04.000 --> 03:39:07.479 violent blow on the grated front of his shop. He 3464 03:39:07.600 --> 03:39:09.920 arrived in time to see an arm passed through the 3465 03:39:09.920 --> 03:39:12.719 hole made by a blow from a fist through the 3466 03:39:12.760 --> 03:39:15.920 grating and the glass. The arm seized a loaf of 3467 03:39:15.920 --> 03:39:19.319 bread and carried it off. Isabeau ran out in haste. 3468 03:39:19.520 --> 03:39:21.840 The robber fled at the full speed of his legs. 3469 03:39:22.360 --> 03:39:25.520 Isabeau ran after him and stopped him. The thief had 3470 03:39:25.520 --> 03:39:28.079 flung away the loaf, but his arm was still bleeding. 3471 03:39:28.920 --> 03:39:34.719 It was Jean Valjean. This took place in seventeen ninety five. 3472 03:39:35.600 --> 03:39:38.479 Jean Valjean was taken before the tribunals of the time 3473 03:39:38.600 --> 03:39:41.920 for theft and breaking and entering an inhabited house at night. 3474 03:39:42.879 --> 03:39:44.760 He had a gun, which he had used better than 3475 03:39:44.760 --> 03:39:46.799 any one else in the world. He was a bit 3476 03:39:46.840 --> 03:39:50.920 of a poacher, and this injured his case. There exists 3477 03:39:50.920 --> 03:39:55.520 a legitimate prejudice against poachers. The poacher, like the smuggler, 3478 03:39:55.760 --> 03:40:01.079 smacks too strongly of the Brigand nevertheless, WI remark cursorily, 3479 03:40:01.479 --> 03:40:04.520 there is still an abyss between these races of men 3480 03:40:04.840 --> 03:40:09.079 and the hideous assassin of the towns. The poacher lives 3481 03:40:09.079 --> 03:40:12.000 in the forest. The smuggler lives in the mountains or 3482 03:40:12.040 --> 03:40:15.799 on the sea. The cities make ferocious men because they 3483 03:40:15.840 --> 03:40:19.600 make corrupt men. The mountain, the sea, the forest makes 3484 03:40:19.680 --> 03:40:23.760 savage men. They develop the fierce side, but often without 3485 03:40:23.799 --> 03:40:29.959 destroying the humane side. Jean Valjean was pronounced guilty. The 3486 03:40:30.079 --> 03:40:34.559 terms of the code were explicit. There occur formidable hours 3487 03:40:34.600 --> 03:40:37.879 in our civilization. There are moments when the penal laws 3488 03:40:37.879 --> 03:40:41.719 decree a shipwreck. What an ominous minute is that in 3489 03:40:41.760 --> 03:40:46.120 which society draws back and consummates the irreparable abandonment of 3490 03:40:46.159 --> 03:40:51.040 a sentient being. Jean Valjean was condemned to five years 3491 03:40:51.040 --> 03:40:55.840 in the galleys. On the twenty second of April seventeen 3492 03:40:55.920 --> 03:40:59.959 ninety six, the victory of Montennaut, won by the General 3493 03:41:00.079 --> 03:41:03.040 in Chief of the Army of Italy, whom the message 3494 03:41:03.040 --> 03:41:06.120 of the Directory to the five hundred of the second 3495 03:41:06.120 --> 03:41:12.319 efflorial yearfore calls Buonaparte, was announced in Paris. On that 3496 03:41:12.399 --> 03:41:15.239 same day, a great gang of galley slaves was put 3497 03:41:15.280 --> 03:41:19.120 in chains at the Cetre. Jean Valjean formed a part 3498 03:41:19.159 --> 03:41:22.319 of that gang. An old turnkey of the prison, who 3499 03:41:22.399 --> 03:41:25.840 is now nearly eighty years old, still recalls perfectly that 3500 03:41:26.000 --> 03:41:28.639 unfortunate wretch who was chained to the end of the 3501 03:41:28.680 --> 03:41:32.680 fourth line in the north angle of the courtyard. He 3502 03:41:32.799 --> 03:41:35.920 was seated on the ground like the others. He did 3503 03:41:36.000 --> 03:41:39.559 not seem to comprehend his position, except that it was horrible. 3504 03:41:40.559 --> 03:41:43.680 It is probable that he also was disentangling from amid 3505 03:41:43.760 --> 03:41:46.879 the vague ideas of a poor man ignorant of everything, 3506 03:41:47.440 --> 03:41:51.559 something excessive. While the bolt of his iron collar was 3507 03:41:51.600 --> 03:41:54.719 being riveted behind his head with heavy blows from the hammer, 3508 03:41:55.079 --> 03:41:59.239 he wept. His tears stifled him. They impeded his speech. 3509 03:41:59.840 --> 03:42:02.760 He only managed to say from time to time, I 3510 03:42:02.959 --> 03:42:07.040 was a tree bruner. At Favrole's, then still sobbing, he 3511 03:42:07.120 --> 03:42:10.719 raised his right hand and lowered it gradually seven times, 3512 03:42:11.280 --> 03:42:14.159 as though he were touching in succession seven heads of 3513 03:42:14.239 --> 03:42:17.959 unequal heights. And from this gesture it was divine that 3514 03:42:18.040 --> 03:42:20.879 the thing which he had done, whatever it was, had 3515 03:42:20.920 --> 03:42:23.760 been done for the sake of clothing and nourishing seven 3516 03:42:23.840 --> 03:42:28.799 little children. He set out for Toulon. He arrived there 3517 03:42:28.920 --> 03:42:31.440 after a journey of twenty seven days, on a cart 3518 03:42:31.600 --> 03:42:34.520 with a chain on his neck. At Toulon he was 3519 03:42:34.559 --> 03:42:38.120 clothed in the red cassock. All that had constituted his 3520 03:42:38.200 --> 03:42:41.479 life even to his name was effaced. He was no 3521 03:42:41.600 --> 03:42:45.760 longer even Jean Valjean. He was number twenty four thousand, 3522 03:42:45.840 --> 03:42:50.520 six hundred one. What became of his sister? What became 3523 03:42:50.559 --> 03:42:55.120 of the seven children who troubled himself about that? What 3524 03:42:55.319 --> 03:42:58.000 becomes of a handful of leaves from the young tree 3525 03:42:58.040 --> 03:43:01.680 which is sawed off at the root. It is always 3526 03:43:01.719 --> 03:43:07.600 the same story. These poor living beings, these creatures of God, henceforth, 3527 03:43:07.639 --> 03:43:11.799 without support, without guide, without refuge, wandered away at random, 3528 03:43:12.440 --> 03:43:16.000 Who even knows each in his own direction? Perhaps, and 3529 03:43:16.040 --> 03:43:19.239 little by little buried themselves in that cold mist which 3530 03:43:19.280 --> 03:43:24.360 engulf's solitary destinies, gloomy shades into which disappear in succession, 3531 03:43:24.799 --> 03:43:28.280 so many unlucky heads in the somber march of the 3532 03:43:28.360 --> 03:43:33.840 human race. They quitted the country. The clock tower of 3533 03:43:33.840 --> 03:43:37.239 what had been their village forgot them, The boundary line 3534 03:43:37.239 --> 03:43:40.319 of what had been their field forgot them. After a 3535 03:43:40.360 --> 03:43:45.639 few years residence in the galleys, Jean Valjean himself forgot them. 3536 03:43:45.680 --> 03:43:47.959 In that heart where there had been a wound, there 3537 03:43:48.079 --> 03:43:52.120 was a scar, that is all, only once, during all 3538 03:43:52.120 --> 03:43:54.200 the time which he spent at Toulon did he hear 3539 03:43:54.239 --> 03:43:57.840 his sister mentioned. This happened I think towards the end 3540 03:43:57.840 --> 03:44:01.000 of the fourth year of his captivity. I know not 3541 03:44:01.120 --> 03:44:04.479 through what channels the news reached him. Some one who 3542 03:44:04.520 --> 03:44:06.959 had known them in their own country had seen his sister. 3543 03:44:07.879 --> 03:44:10.920 She was in Paris. She lived in a poor street 3544 03:44:11.040 --> 03:44:15.440 rear Sanselpice, in the Rue du Gendre. She had with 3545 03:44:15.600 --> 03:44:20.280 her only one child, a little boy, the youngest. Where 3546 03:44:20.280 --> 03:44:23.840 were the other six? Perhaps she did not know herself. 3547 03:44:24.920 --> 03:44:28.159 Every morning she went to a printing office number three 3548 03:44:28.280 --> 03:44:31.200 Rue des Sabot, where she was a folder and stitcher. 3549 03:44:32.280 --> 03:44:34.479 She was obliged to be there at six o'clock in 3550 03:44:34.520 --> 03:44:39.120 the morning, long before daylight in winter. In the same 3551 03:44:39.120 --> 03:44:41.840 building with the printing office, there was a school, and 3552 03:44:41.959 --> 03:44:44.360 to this school she took her little boy, who was 3553 03:44:44.399 --> 03:44:48.159 seven years old. But as she entered the printing office 3554 03:44:48.200 --> 03:44:51.719 at six and the school only opened at seven, the 3555 03:44:51.840 --> 03:44:54.040 child had to wait in the courtyard for the school 3556 03:44:54.040 --> 03:44:57.239 to open for an hour one hour of a winter 3557 03:44:57.399 --> 03:45:00.360 night in the open air. They would not allow the 3558 03:45:00.440 --> 03:45:03.000 child to come into the printing office because he was 3559 03:45:03.040 --> 03:45:06.200 in the way. They said, when the workmen passed in 3560 03:45:06.200 --> 03:45:08.879 the morning, they beheld this poor little being seated on 3561 03:45:08.920 --> 03:45:13.239 the pavement, overcome with drowsiness and often fast asleep in 3562 03:45:13.280 --> 03:45:16.559 the shadow, crouched down and doubled up over his basket. 3563 03:45:17.479 --> 03:45:20.600 When it rained. An old woman, the portress, took pity 3564 03:45:20.680 --> 03:45:23.520 on him. She took him into her den, where there 3565 03:45:23.600 --> 03:45:26.959 was a pallet, a spinning wheel, and two wooden chairs, 3566 03:45:27.600 --> 03:45:30.920 And the little one slumbered in a corner, pressing himself 3567 03:45:30.959 --> 03:45:33.799 close to the cat, that he might suffer less from cold. 3568 03:45:34.840 --> 03:45:38.559 At seven o'clock the school opened and he entered. This 3569 03:45:38.719 --> 03:45:42.600 is what was told to Jean Valjean. They talked to 3570 03:45:42.680 --> 03:45:45.399 him about it for one day. It was a moment, 3571 03:45:45.799 --> 03:45:49.000 a flash, as though a window had suddenly been opened 3572 03:45:49.079 --> 03:45:51.680 upon the destiny of those things whom he had loved. 3573 03:45:52.200 --> 03:45:57.079 Then all closed again. He heard nothing more. Forever, nothing 3574 03:45:57.120 --> 03:46:00.959 from them ever reached him again. He never held them, 3575 03:46:01.239 --> 03:46:04.319 he never met them again, and in the continuation of 3576 03:46:04.360 --> 03:46:07.639 this mournful history, they will not be met with any more. 3577 03:46:09.479 --> 03:46:12.319 Towards the end of this fourth year, Jean Valjean's turn 3578 03:46:12.360 --> 03:46:16.120 to escape arrived. His comrades assisted him, as is the 3579 03:46:16.159 --> 03:46:17.600 custom in that sad place. 3580 03:46:18.239 --> 03:46:19.000 He escaped. 3581 03:46:19.719 --> 03:46:22.239 He wandered for two days in the fields at liberty, 3582 03:46:23.120 --> 03:46:25.719 if being at liberty is to be hunted, to turn 3583 03:46:25.760 --> 03:46:28.799 the head every instant, to quake at the slightest noise, 3584 03:46:28.840 --> 03:46:31.399 to be afraid of everything, of a smoking roof, of 3585 03:46:31.440 --> 03:46:34.399 a passing man, of a barking dog, of a galloping horse, 3586 03:46:34.440 --> 03:46:37.360 of a striking clock, of the day, because one can 3587 03:46:37.399 --> 03:46:41.040 see of the night, because one cannot see of the highway, 3588 03:46:41.200 --> 03:46:45.680 of the path, of a bush of sleep. On the 3589 03:46:45.719 --> 03:46:48.920 evening of the second day he was captured, he had 3590 03:46:48.959 --> 03:46:54.040 neither eaten nor slept for thirty six hours. The maritime 3591 03:46:54.120 --> 03:46:58.000 tribunal condemned him for this crime to a prolongation of 3592 03:46:58.040 --> 03:47:02.120 his term for three years, which made eight years. In 3593 03:47:02.200 --> 03:47:05.280 the sixth year, his turn to escape occurred again. He 3594 03:47:05.319 --> 03:47:08.760 availed himself of it, but could not accomplish his flight fully. 3595 03:47:09.319 --> 03:47:12.280 He was missing at roll call, the cannon were fired, 3596 03:47:12.479 --> 03:47:14.719 and at night the patrol found him hidden under the 3597 03:47:14.799 --> 03:47:18.680 keel of a vessel in process of construction. He resisted 3598 03:47:18.719 --> 03:47:24.360 the galley guards who seized him. Escape and rebellion. This case, 3599 03:47:24.520 --> 03:47:27.840 provided for by a special code, was punished by an 3600 03:47:27.879 --> 03:47:31.239 addition of five years, two of them in the double 3601 03:47:31.319 --> 03:47:37.200 chain thirteen years. In the tenth year, his turn came 3602 03:47:37.280 --> 03:47:41.120 round again, he again profited by it. He succeeded no 3603 03:47:41.239 --> 03:47:47.159 better three years for this fresh attempt, sixteen years. Finally, 3604 03:47:47.200 --> 03:47:49.399 I think it was during his thirteenth year he made 3605 03:47:49.399 --> 03:47:53.079 a last attempt and only succeeded in getting retaken at 3606 03:47:53.079 --> 03:47:56.920 the end of four hours of absence. Three years. For 3607 03:47:57.000 --> 03:48:02.840 those four hours nineteen years. In October eighteen fifteen he 3608 03:48:03.000 --> 03:48:07.000 was released. He had entered there in seventeen ninety six 3609 03:48:07.520 --> 03:48:10.360 for having broken a pane of glass and taken a 3610 03:48:10.399 --> 03:48:16.440 loaf of bread. Room for a brief parenthesis, this is 3611 03:48:16.479 --> 03:48:19.399 the second time during his studies on the penal question 3612 03:48:19.559 --> 03:48:22.280 and Damnation by Law, that the author of this book 3613 03:48:22.319 --> 03:48:24.920 has come across the theft of a loaf of bread 3614 03:48:25.280 --> 03:48:29.120 as the point of departure for the disaster of a destiny. 3615 03:48:29.680 --> 03:48:33.639 Claude Gaux had stolen a loaf. Jean Valjean had stolen 3616 03:48:33.680 --> 03:48:38.159 a loaf. English statistics prove the fact that four thefts 3617 03:48:38.200 --> 03:48:41.920 out of five in London have hunger for their immediate cause. 3618 03:48:44.040 --> 03:48:48.200 Jean Valjean had entered the galleys sobbing and shuddering. He 3619 03:48:48.280 --> 03:48:53.719 emerged impassive. He had entered in despair. He emerged gloomy. 3620 03:48:54.920 --> 03:48:57.120 What had taken place in that soul? 3621 03:49:00.239 --> 03:49:07.799 Of Book two, Book two, Chapter seven, The interior of despair? 3622 03:49:09.399 --> 03:49:12.040 Let us try to say it. It is necessary that 3623 03:49:12.079 --> 03:49:15.440 society should look at these things, because it is itself 3624 03:49:15.479 --> 03:49:18.799 which creates them. He was, as we have said, an 3625 03:49:18.840 --> 03:49:21.879 ignorant man, but he was not a fool. The light 3626 03:49:21.920 --> 03:49:25.879 of nature was ignited in him. Unhappiness, which also possesses 3627 03:49:25.879 --> 03:49:28.840 a clearness of vision of its own, augmented the small 3628 03:49:28.879 --> 03:49:32.840 amount of daylight which existed in this mind. Beneath the cudgel, 3629 03:49:33.040 --> 03:49:36.799 beneath the chain, in the cell in hardship, beneath the 3630 03:49:36.840 --> 03:49:39.520 burning sun of the galleys, upon the plank bed of 3631 03:49:39.559 --> 03:49:43.600 the convict, he withdrew into his own consciousness and meditated. 3632 03:49:44.239 --> 03:49:48.280 He constituted himself the tribunal. He began by putting himself 3633 03:49:48.280 --> 03:49:51.399 on trial. He recognized the fact that he was not 3634 03:49:51.440 --> 03:49:54.799 an innocent man unjustly punished. He admitted that he had 3635 03:49:54.799 --> 03:49:58.159 committed an extreme and blameworthy act, that that loaf of 3636 03:49:58.200 --> 03:50:00.680 bread would probably not have been refused to him had 3637 03:50:00.680 --> 03:50:03.680 he asked for it, that in any case, it would 3638 03:50:03.719 --> 03:50:05.719 have been better to wait until he could get it 3639 03:50:05.760 --> 03:50:08.959 through compassion or through work. That it is not an 3640 03:50:09.040 --> 03:50:13.000 unanswerable argument to say, can one wait when one is hungry, 3641 03:50:13.799 --> 03:50:16.120 That in the first place, it is very rare for 3642 03:50:16.159 --> 03:50:20.159 anyone to die of hunger literally, And next that fortunately 3643 03:50:20.239 --> 03:50:23.520 or unfortunately, man is so constituted that he can suffer 3644 03:50:23.600 --> 03:50:27.680 long and much, both morally and physically, without dying, That 3645 03:50:27.799 --> 03:50:31.559 it is therefore necessary to have patience. That that would 3646 03:50:31.639 --> 03:50:34.959 even have been better for those poor little children, That 3647 03:50:35.040 --> 03:50:38.360 it had been an act of madness for him, a miserable, 3648 03:50:38.559 --> 03:50:42.879 unfortunate wretch, to take society at large violently by the collar, 3649 03:50:43.280 --> 03:50:46.399 and to imagine that one can escape from misery through theft, 3650 03:50:46.840 --> 03:50:48.959 that that is, in any case, a poor door through 3651 03:50:49.000 --> 03:50:53.520 which to escape from misery through which infamy enters. In short, 3652 03:50:53.600 --> 03:50:57.000 that he was in the wrong. Then he asked himself 3653 03:50:57.799 --> 03:50:59.680 whether he had been the only one in fault in 3654 03:50:59.719 --> 03:51:02.719 his life fatal history. Whether it was not a serious 3655 03:51:02.760 --> 03:51:05.399 thing that he a laborer out of work, that he, 3656 03:51:05.520 --> 03:51:09.680 an industrious man, should have lacked bread, and whether the fault, 3657 03:51:09.719 --> 03:51:13.639 once committed and confessed, the chastisement had not been ferocious 3658 03:51:13.639 --> 03:51:17.600 and disproportioned, whether there had not been more abuse on 3659 03:51:17.639 --> 03:51:19.920 the part of the law in respect to the penalty 3660 03:51:20.559 --> 03:51:22.239 than there had been on the part of the culprit 3661 03:51:22.280 --> 03:51:25.079 in respect to his fault. Whether there had not been 3662 03:51:25.120 --> 03:51:27.600 an excess of weights in one balance of this scale 3663 03:51:28.159 --> 03:51:32.079 in the one which contains expiation. Whether the overweight of 3664 03:51:32.120 --> 03:51:35.040 the penalty was not equivalent to the annihilation of the crime, 3665 03:51:35.680 --> 03:51:39.399 and did not result in reversing the situation, of replacing 3666 03:51:39.440 --> 03:51:42.040 the fault of the delinquent by the fault of the repression, 3667 03:51:43.079 --> 03:51:45.920 of converting the guilty man into the victim and the 3668 03:51:46.000 --> 03:51:49.360 debtor into the creditor, and of ranging the law definitely 3669 03:51:49.399 --> 03:51:51.360 on the side of the man who had violated it. 3670 03:51:52.000 --> 03:51:56.840 Whether this penalty, complicated by successive aggravations for attempts at escape, 3671 03:51:57.239 --> 03:52:00.159 had not ended in becoming a sort of outrage perpetrated 3672 03:52:00.200 --> 03:52:03.559 by the stronger upon the feebler, a crime of society 3673 03:52:03.559 --> 03:52:06.719 against the individual, a crime which was being committed afresh 3674 03:52:06.840 --> 03:52:11.040 every day, a crime which had lasted nineteen years. He 3675 03:52:11.120 --> 03:52:14.079 asked himself whether human society could have the right to 3676 03:52:14.120 --> 03:52:17.440 force its members to suffer equally in one case for 3677 03:52:17.559 --> 03:52:20.879 its own unreasonable lack of foresight, and in the other 3678 03:52:20.959 --> 03:52:24.200 case for its pitiless foresight, and to seize a poor 3679 03:52:24.280 --> 03:52:27.840 man forever between a defect and an excess, a default 3680 03:52:27.879 --> 03:52:31.680 of work and an excess of punishment. Whether it was 3681 03:52:31.719 --> 03:52:35.040 not outrageous for society to treat thus precisely those of 3682 03:52:35.079 --> 03:52:37.159 its members who were the least well endowed in the 3683 03:52:37.200 --> 03:52:40.920 division of goods made by chance, and consequently the most 3684 03:52:40.959 --> 03:52:45.319 deserving of consideration. These questions put an answered. He judged 3685 03:52:45.360 --> 03:52:49.319 society and condemned it. He condemned it to his hatred. 3686 03:52:50.239 --> 03:52:52.840 He made it responsible for the fate which he was suffering. 3687 03:52:53.280 --> 03:52:55.200 And he said to himself that it might be that 3688 03:52:55.239 --> 03:52:57.879 one day he should not hesitate to call it to account. 3689 03:52:58.760 --> 03:53:01.559 He declared to himself that there was no equilibrium between 3690 03:53:01.600 --> 03:53:04.239 the harm which he had caused and the harm which 3691 03:53:04.319 --> 03:53:07.479 was being done to him. He finally arrived at the 3692 03:53:07.520 --> 03:53:11.639 conclusion that his punishment was not, in truth unjust, but 3693 03:53:11.680 --> 03:53:15.799 that it most assuredly was iniquitous. Anger may be both 3694 03:53:15.840 --> 03:53:19.840 foolish and absurd. One can be irritated wrongfully. One is 3695 03:53:19.879 --> 03:53:22.399 exasperated only when there is some show of right on 3696 03:53:22.399 --> 03:53:28.319 one side. At bottom, Jean Valjean felt himself exasperated, and besides, 3697 03:53:28.479 --> 03:53:31.559 human society had done him nothing but harm. He had 3698 03:53:31.600 --> 03:53:34.280 never seen anything of it save that angry face which 3699 03:53:34.280 --> 03:53:37.479 it calls justice, and which it shows to those whom 3700 03:53:37.479 --> 03:53:41.440 it strikes. Men had only touched him to bruise him. 3701 03:53:41.799 --> 03:53:45.159 Every contact with them had been a blow. Never since 3702 03:53:45.200 --> 03:53:48.280 his infancy, since the days of his mother, of his sister, 3703 03:53:48.799 --> 03:53:51.920 had he ever encountered a friendly word and a kindly glance. 3704 03:53:52.680 --> 03:53:55.360 From suffering to suffering. He had gradually arrived at the 3705 03:53:55.360 --> 03:53:58.559 conviction that life is a war, and that in this 3706 03:53:58.719 --> 03:54:01.799 war he was the conquer He had no other weapon 3707 03:54:01.879 --> 03:54:05.280 than his hate. He resolved to wet it in the galleys, 3708 03:54:05.319 --> 03:54:07.280 and to bear it away with him when he departed. 3709 03:54:08.159 --> 03:54:11.079 There was it Toulon, a school for the convicts, kept 3710 03:54:11.120 --> 03:54:15.399 by the ignorantine Friars, where the most necessary branches were 3711 03:54:15.440 --> 03:54:17.920 taught to those of the unfortunate men who had a 3712 03:54:17.959 --> 03:54:20.840 mind for them. He was of the number who had 3713 03:54:20.840 --> 03:54:23.600 a mind. He went to school at the age of forty, 3714 03:54:23.799 --> 03:54:27.399 and learned to read, to write, to cipher. He felt 3715 03:54:27.440 --> 03:54:30.520 that to fortify his intelligence was to fortify his hate. 3716 03:54:31.200 --> 03:54:34.879 In certain cases, education and enlightenment can serve to eke 3717 03:54:34.959 --> 03:54:38.840 out evil. This is a sad thing to say, after 3718 03:54:38.879 --> 03:54:43.680 having judged society which had caused his unhappiness. He judged providence, 3719 03:54:43.840 --> 03:54:47.879 which had made society, and he condemned it also. Thus, 3720 03:54:47.959 --> 03:54:51.440 during nineteen years of torture and slavery, this soul mounted 3721 03:54:51.479 --> 03:54:55.079 and at the same time fell, Light entered it on 3722 03:54:55.079 --> 03:54:59.479 one side, and darkness on the other. Jean Valjean had not, 3723 03:54:59.680 --> 03:55:02.559 as we have seen in evil nature. He was still 3724 03:55:02.559 --> 03:55:05.639 good when he arrived at the galleys. He there condemned 3725 03:55:05.680 --> 03:55:09.159 society and felt that he was becoming wicked. He there 3726 03:55:09.200 --> 03:55:12.680 condemned Providence and was conscious that he was becoming impious. 3727 03:55:13.680 --> 03:55:16.680 It is difficult not to indulge in meditation at this point. 3728 03:55:17.559 --> 03:55:21.280 Does human nature thus change utterly and from top to bottom? 3729 03:55:21.639 --> 03:55:24.280 Can the man, created good by God be rendered wicked 3730 03:55:24.360 --> 03:55:27.840 by man? Can the soul be completely made over by 3731 03:55:27.879 --> 03:55:31.959 fate and become evil? Fate being evil? Can the heart 3732 03:55:32.000 --> 03:55:36.639 become misshapen and contract incurable deformities and infirmities under the 3733 03:55:36.639 --> 03:55:41.040 oppression of a disproportionate unhappiness? As a verbal column beneath 3734 03:55:41.120 --> 03:55:45.159 too low a vault? Is there not in every human soul? 3735 03:55:45.559 --> 03:55:48.120 Was there not in the soul of Jean Valjean? In particular? 3736 03:55:48.200 --> 03:55:51.879 A first spark a divine element, incorruptible in this world, 3737 03:55:51.959 --> 03:55:55.959 immortal in the other, which good can develop, fan ignite, 3738 03:55:56.120 --> 03:55:59.040 and make to glow with splendor, and which evil can 3739 03:55:59.079 --> 03:56:03.959 never wholly extend. Grave and obscure questions to the last 3740 03:56:04.000 --> 03:56:08.000 of which every physiologist would probably have responded no, and 3741 03:56:08.079 --> 03:56:11.639 that without hesitation, had he beheld it Toulon during the 3742 03:56:11.719 --> 03:56:15.799 hours of repose, which were for Jean Valjean hours of revery, 3743 03:56:16.040 --> 03:56:19.799 this gloomy galley slave seated with folded arms upon the 3744 03:56:19.840 --> 03:56:22.959 bar of some capstan, with the end of his chain 3745 03:56:23.040 --> 03:56:27.120 thrust into his pocket to prevent its dragging, serious, silent 3746 03:56:27.280 --> 03:56:30.159 and thoughtful, a pariah of the laws, which regarded the 3747 03:56:30.200 --> 03:56:36.879 man with wrath, condemned by civilization, and regarding heaven with severity. Certainly, 3748 03:56:37.159 --> 03:56:39.959 and we make no attempt to dissimulate the fact the 3749 03:56:40.000 --> 03:56:44.600 observing physiologist would have beheld an irremediable misery. He would 3750 03:56:44.600 --> 03:56:47.520 perchance have pitied this sick man of the laws making, 3751 03:56:47.959 --> 03:56:50.840 but he would not have even assayed any treatment. He 3752 03:56:50.879 --> 03:56:53.280 would have turned aside his gaze from the caverns of 3753 03:56:53.360 --> 03:56:56.639 which he would have caught a glimpse within this soul, And, 3754 03:56:56.879 --> 03:56:59.600 like Dante at the portals of hell, he would have 3755 03:56:59.600 --> 03:57:02.280 effaced from this existence the word which the finger of 3756 03:57:02.280 --> 03:57:07.239 God has nevertheless inscribed upon the brow of every man. Hope. 3757 03:57:08.200 --> 03:57:10.559 Was this state of his soul which we have attempted 3758 03:57:10.559 --> 03:57:13.559 to analyze, as perfectly clear to Jean Valjean as we 3759 03:57:13.600 --> 03:57:15.920 have tried to render it for those who read us. 3760 03:57:16.479 --> 03:57:21.040 Did Jean Valjean distinctly perceive after their formation, and had 3761 03:57:21.079 --> 03:57:24.399 he seen distinctly during the process of their formation, all 3762 03:57:24.440 --> 03:57:28.600 the elements of which his moral misery was composed, Had 3763 03:57:28.639 --> 03:57:32.360 this rough and unlettered man gathered a perfectly clear perception 3764 03:57:33.159 --> 03:57:35.879 of the succession of ideas through which he had, by 3765 03:57:35.920 --> 03:57:39.840 degrees mounted and descended to the lugubrious aspects which had 3766 03:57:40.440 --> 03:57:43.520 for so many years formed the inner horizon of his spirit? 3767 03:57:44.719 --> 03:57:47.319 Was he conscious of all that passed within him and 3768 03:57:47.399 --> 03:57:50.559 of all that was working there? That is something which 3769 03:57:50.559 --> 03:57:53.159 we do not presume to state. It is something which 3770 03:57:53.200 --> 03:57:56.280 we do not even believe. There was too much ignorance 3771 03:57:56.280 --> 03:58:00.319 in Jean Valjean, even after his misfortune, to prevent much 3772 03:58:00.399 --> 03:58:03.959 vagueness from still lingering there. At times he did not 3773 03:58:04.040 --> 03:58:07.840 rightly know himself what he felt. Jean Valjean was in 3774 03:58:07.840 --> 03:58:11.040 the shadows. He suffered in the shadows. He hated in 3775 03:58:11.079 --> 03:58:14.120 the shadows. One might have said that he hated in 3776 03:58:14.159 --> 03:58:18.399 advance of himself. He dwelt habitually in this shadow, feeling 3777 03:58:18.479 --> 03:58:21.760 his way, like a blind man and a dreamer. Only 3778 03:58:21.840 --> 03:58:24.840 at intervals. Therec suddenly came to him, from without and 3779 03:58:24.840 --> 03:58:28.920 from within, an access of wrath, a surcharge of suffering, 3780 03:58:29.239 --> 03:58:32.360 a livid and rapid flash, which illuminated his whole soul, 3781 03:58:33.120 --> 03:58:37.399 and caused to appear abruptly all around him, in front, behind, 3782 03:58:37.680 --> 03:58:41.440 amid the gleams of a frightful light, the hideous precipices, 3783 03:58:41.479 --> 03:58:45.680 and the somber perspective of his destiny. The flash passed, 3784 03:58:45.879 --> 03:58:48.559 the night closed in again, and where was he? He 3785 03:58:48.600 --> 03:58:52.520 no longer knew the peculiarity of pains of this nature, 3786 03:58:53.159 --> 03:58:55.719 in which that which is pitiless, that is to say, 3787 03:58:55.959 --> 03:58:59.959 that which his brutalizing predominates, is to transform a man, 3788 03:59:00.159 --> 03:59:03.600 little by little, by a sort of stupid transfiguration, into 3789 03:59:03.600 --> 03:59:08.799 a wild beast, sometimes into a ferocious beast. Jean Valjean's 3790 03:59:08.840 --> 03:59:12.600 successive and obstinate attempts at escape would alone suffice to 3791 03:59:12.680 --> 03:59:15.440 prove this strange working of the law upon the human soul. 3792 03:59:16.479 --> 03:59:19.879 Jean Valjean would have renewed these attempts utterly useless and 3793 03:59:19.920 --> 03:59:23.079 foolish as they were, as often as the opportunity had 3794 03:59:23.120 --> 03:59:26.760 presented itself, without reflecting for an instant on the result, 3795 03:59:27.280 --> 03:59:30.040 nor on the experiences which he had already gone through. 3796 03:59:31.000 --> 03:59:34.639 He escaped impetuously, like the wolf who finds his cage open. 3797 03:59:35.280 --> 03:59:39.079 Instincts said to him, flee. Reason would have said, remain. 3798 03:59:40.040 --> 03:59:43.319 But in the presence of so violent a temptation, reason vanished. 3799 03:59:43.520 --> 03:59:48.319 Nothing remained but instinct. The beast alone acted. When he 3800 03:59:48.399 --> 03:59:51.600 was recaptured, the fresh severities inflicted on him only served 3801 03:59:51.600 --> 03:59:55.000 to render him still more wild. One detail which we 3802 03:59:55.079 --> 03:59:58.239 must not omit is that he possessed a physical strength 3803 03:59:58.280 --> 04:00:00.159 which was not approached by a single one one of 3804 04:00:00.159 --> 04:00:03.680 the denizens of the galleys. At work at paying out 3805 04:00:03.719 --> 04:00:07.319 cable or winding up a capstan, Jean Valjean was worth 3806 04:00:07.360 --> 04:00:11.200 four men. He sometimes lifted and sustained enormous weights on 3807 04:00:11.239 --> 04:00:14.600 his back, and when the occasion demanded it, he replaced 3808 04:00:14.600 --> 04:00:17.760 that implement which is called a jack screw and was 3809 04:00:17.840 --> 04:00:23.200 formerly called urguile pride. Whence we may remark in passing 3810 04:00:23.440 --> 04:00:26.360 is derived the name of the rue Montguile near the 3811 04:00:26.440 --> 04:00:31.920 holly fish market in Paris. Once, when they were repairing 3812 04:00:31.920 --> 04:00:34.760 the balcony of the town hall at Toulon, one of 3813 04:00:34.799 --> 04:00:39.600 those admirable carriatids of Pouget which support the balcony, became 3814 04:00:39.680 --> 04:00:43.200 loosened and was on the point of falling. Jean Valjean, 3815 04:00:43.239 --> 04:00:46.719 who was present, supported the carriatid with his shoulder and 3816 04:00:46.760 --> 04:00:51.000 gave the workmen time to arrive. His suppleness even exceeded 3817 04:00:51.040 --> 04:00:54.879 his strength. Certain convicts, who were forever dreaming of escape, 3818 04:00:55.000 --> 04:00:58.280 ended by making a veritable science of force and skill combined. 3819 04:00:59.079 --> 04:01:02.639 It is the science of muscles. An entire system of 3820 04:01:02.680 --> 04:01:06.799 mysterious statics is daily practiced by prisoners men who are 3821 04:01:06.799 --> 04:01:10.440 forever envious of the flies and birds. To climb a 3822 04:01:10.520 --> 04:01:13.440 vertical surface, and to find points of support where hardly 3823 04:01:13.440 --> 04:01:17.239 a projection was visible, was play to Jean Valjean, an 3824 04:01:17.280 --> 04:01:19.719 angle of the wall. Being given, with a tension of 3825 04:01:19.760 --> 04:01:22.959 his back and legs, with his elbows and his heels 3826 04:01:22.959 --> 04:01:26.559 fitted into the unevenness of the stone, he raised himself, 3827 04:01:26.600 --> 04:01:30.000 as if by magic, to the third story. He sometimes 3828 04:01:30.040 --> 04:01:32.440 mounted thus even to the roof of the galley prison. 3829 04:01:33.319 --> 04:01:36.719 He spoke but little. He laughed not at all. An 3830 04:01:36.719 --> 04:01:39.399 excessive emotion was required to wring from him once or 3831 04:01:39.440 --> 04:01:42.959 twice a year, that lugubrious laugh of the convict, which 3832 04:01:43.000 --> 04:01:45.000 is like the echo of the laugh of a demon. 3833 04:01:46.040 --> 04:01:48.559 To all appearance, he seemed to be occupied in the 3834 04:01:48.559 --> 04:01:53.200 constant contemplation of something terrible. He was absorbed, in fact, 3835 04:01:54.200 --> 04:01:57.719 athwart the unhealthy perceptions of an incomplete nature and a 3836 04:01:57.719 --> 04:02:02.319 crushed intelligence. He was confusedly conscious that some monstrous thing 3837 04:02:02.440 --> 04:02:06.319 was resting on him in that obscure and wan shadow 3838 04:02:06.440 --> 04:02:09.719 within which he crawled. Each time that he turned his 3839 04:02:09.879 --> 04:02:13.000 neck and essayed to raise his glance, he perceived with terror, 3840 04:02:13.559 --> 04:02:16.959 mingled with rage, a sort of frightful accumulation of things, 3841 04:02:17.600 --> 04:02:22.879 collecting and mounting above him, beyond the range of his vision, laws, prejudices, 3842 04:02:23.000 --> 04:02:28.200 men and deeds, whose outlines escaped him, whose mass terrified him, 3843 04:02:28.399 --> 04:02:31.680 and which was nothing else than that prodigious pyramid which 3844 04:02:31.680 --> 04:02:35.719 we call civilization. He distinguished here and there in that 3845 04:02:35.840 --> 04:02:39.440 swarming and formless mass now near him, now afar off, 3846 04:02:39.479 --> 04:02:44.280 and on inaccessible table lands, some group, some detail vividly 3847 04:02:44.319 --> 04:02:48.280 illuminated here the galley sergeant in his cudgel. There the 3848 04:02:48.319 --> 04:02:52.520 gendarme and his sword yonder the mitered archbishop away at 3849 04:02:52.559 --> 04:02:55.559 the top, like a sort of sun. The Emperor crowned 3850 04:02:55.559 --> 04:02:59.520 and dazzling. It seemed to him that these distant splendors, 3851 04:02:59.600 --> 04:03:03.280 far from dissipating his night, rendered it more funereal and 3852 04:03:03.360 --> 04:03:09.559 more black. All this laws, prejudices, deeds, men, things went 3853 04:03:09.639 --> 04:03:12.399 and came above him, over his head, in accordance with 3854 04:03:12.440 --> 04:03:16.719 a complicated and mysterious movement which God imparts to civilization, 3855 04:03:17.479 --> 04:03:19.959 walking over him and crushing him with I know not 3856 04:03:20.079 --> 04:03:24.079 what peacefulness, in its cruelty and inexorability in its indifference. 3857 04:03:25.360 --> 04:03:28.559 Souls which have fallen to the bottom of all possible misfortune, 3858 04:03:28.760 --> 04:03:31.639 unhappy men lost in the lowest of those limbos at 3859 04:03:31.639 --> 04:03:35.360 which no one any longer looks the reproved of the law, 3860 04:03:35.959 --> 04:03:39.159 feel the whole weight of this human society, so formidable 3861 04:03:39.200 --> 04:03:42.040 for him who is without, so frightful for him who 3862 04:03:42.120 --> 04:03:46.840 is beneath. Resting upon their heads in this situation, Jean 3863 04:03:46.920 --> 04:03:50.479 Valjean meditated, And what could be the nature of his meditation? 3864 04:03:51.680 --> 04:03:54.399 If the grain of millet beneath the millstone had thoughts, 3865 04:03:54.559 --> 04:03:58.280 it would doubtless think that same thing which Jean Valjean thought. 3866 04:03:59.200 --> 04:04:04.440 All these things, realities full of specters, phantasmagories full of realities, 3867 04:04:04.920 --> 04:04:07.840 had eventually created for him a sort of interior state 3868 04:04:07.879 --> 04:04:12.399 which is almost indescribable. At times, amid his convict toil, 3869 04:04:12.520 --> 04:04:16.920 he paused, he fell to thinking his reason. At one 3870 04:04:16.959 --> 04:04:19.520 and the same time, riper and more troubled than of yore, 3871 04:04:19.799 --> 04:04:24.079 rose in revolt. Everything which had happened to him seemed 3872 04:04:24.120 --> 04:04:28.079 to him absurd. Everything that surrounded him seemed to him impossible. 3873 04:04:28.760 --> 04:04:32.000 He said to himself, it is a dream. He gazed 3874 04:04:32.000 --> 04:04:34.559 at the galley sergeant standing a few paces from him. 3875 04:04:35.079 --> 04:04:38.440 The galley sergeant seemed a phantom to him. All of 3876 04:04:38.479 --> 04:04:40.959 a sudden, the phantom dealt him a blow with his cudgel. 3877 04:04:41.920 --> 04:04:45.040 Visible nature hardly existed for him. It would almost be 3878 04:04:45.079 --> 04:04:48.239 true to say that there existed for Jean Valjean neither 3879 04:04:48.399 --> 04:04:52.200 sun nor fine summer days, nor radiant sky, nor fresh 3880 04:04:52.239 --> 04:04:56.159 april dawns. I know not what vent hol daylight habitually 3881 04:04:56.159 --> 04:05:00.479 illumined his soul to sum up in conclusion, that which 3882 04:05:00.520 --> 04:05:03.440 can be summed up and translated into positive results in 3883 04:05:03.479 --> 04:05:06.440 all that we have just pointed out, we will confine 3884 04:05:06.479 --> 04:05:09.360 ourselves to the statement that, in the course of nineteen 3885 04:05:09.440 --> 04:05:14.399 years Jean Valjean, the inoffensive tree, pruner of Favarole, the 3886 04:05:14.440 --> 04:05:18.639 formidable convict of Toulon, had become capable, thanks to the 3887 04:05:18.680 --> 04:05:21.479 manner in which the Galleys had molded him, of two 3888 04:05:21.520 --> 04:05:27.840 sorts of evil action. Firstly, of evil action, which was rapid, unpremeditated, dashing, 3889 04:05:28.200 --> 04:05:32.000 entirely instinctive in the nature of reprisals for the evil 3890 04:05:32.040 --> 04:05:37.440 which he had undergone. Secondly, of evil action, which was serious, grave, 3891 04:05:37.920 --> 04:05:42.239 consciously argued out and premeditated, with the false ideas which 3892 04:05:42.280 --> 04:05:46.959 such a misfortune can furnish. His deliberate deeds passed through 3893 04:05:46.959 --> 04:05:50.760 three successive phases which natures of a certain stamp can 3894 04:05:50.799 --> 04:05:56.719 alone traverse. Reasoning will, perseverance. He had for moving causes. 3895 04:05:56.719 --> 04:06:00.760 His habitual wrath, bitterness of soul, a profound sense of 3896 04:06:00.799 --> 04:06:05.120 indignities suffered the reaction even against the good, the innocent, 3897 04:06:05.159 --> 04:06:08.719 and the just, if there are any such. The point 3898 04:06:08.760 --> 04:06:11.840 of departure, like the point of arrival, for all his thoughts, 3899 04:06:12.000 --> 04:06:15.680 was hatred of human law, that hatred which, if it 3900 04:06:15.719 --> 04:06:18.920 be not arrested in its development, by some providential incident, 3901 04:06:19.600 --> 04:06:23.120 becomes within a given time the hatred of society, then 3902 04:06:23.200 --> 04:06:26.239 the hatred of the human race, then the hatred of creation, 3903 04:06:27.120 --> 04:06:31.360 and which manifests itself by a vague, incessant and brutal 3904 04:06:31.399 --> 04:06:34.040 desire to do harm to some living being, no matter 3905 04:06:34.079 --> 04:06:37.360 whom it will be perceived that it was not without 3906 04:06:37.440 --> 04:06:40.879 reason that Jean Valjean's passport described him as a very 3907 04:06:41.000 --> 04:06:46.239 dangerous man. From year to year, this soul had dried away, slowly, 3908 04:06:46.840 --> 04:06:50.559 but with fatal sureness. When the heart is dry, the 3909 04:06:50.680 --> 04:06:54.120 eye is dry. On his departure from the galleys, it 3910 04:06:54.159 --> 04:06:56.920 had been nineteen years since he had shed a tear. 3911 04:07:01.079 --> 04:07:08.479 Book two The Fall, Chapter eight billows and shadows a 3912 04:07:08.559 --> 04:07:13.799 man overboard. What matters it. The vessel does not halt. 3913 04:07:14.639 --> 04:07:18.719 The wind blows. That somber ship has a path which 3914 04:07:18.760 --> 04:07:24.559 it is forced to pursue. It passes on. The man disappears, 3915 04:07:24.600 --> 04:07:28.799 then reappears. He plunges, he rises again to the surface. 3916 04:07:29.799 --> 04:07:34.959 He calls, he stretches out his arms. He is not heard. 3917 04:07:35.399 --> 04:07:39.559 The vessel, trembling under the hurricane, is wholly absorbed in 3918 04:07:39.639 --> 04:07:44.239 its own workings. The passengers and sailors do not even 3919 04:07:44.360 --> 04:07:48.600 see the drowning man. His miserable head is but a 3920 04:07:48.680 --> 04:07:53.040 speck amid the immensity of the waves. He gives vent 3921 04:07:53.159 --> 04:07:57.040 to desperate cries from out of the depths. What a 3922 04:07:57.079 --> 04:08:01.559 specter is that retreating sail? He gazes and gazes at 3923 04:08:01.559 --> 04:08:07.360 it frantically. It retreats, It grows dim, it diminishes in sighs. 3924 04:08:08.520 --> 04:08:11.319 He was there, but just now he was one of 3925 04:08:11.360 --> 04:08:14.399 the crew. He went and came along the deck with 3926 04:08:14.479 --> 04:08:17.760 the rest. He had his part of breath and of sunlight. 3927 04:08:18.559 --> 04:08:22.959 He was a living man. Now what has taken place? 3928 04:08:23.680 --> 04:08:27.639 He has slipped, He has fallen. All is at an end. 3929 04:08:29.879 --> 04:08:34.799 He is in the tremendous sea. Underfoot he has nothing 3930 04:08:34.920 --> 04:08:40.040 but what flees and crumbles. The billows, torn and lashed 3931 04:08:40.079 --> 04:08:44.840 by the wind, encompass him hideously. The tossings of the 3932 04:08:44.879 --> 04:08:49.159 abyss bear him away. All the tongues of water dash 3933 04:08:49.200 --> 04:08:53.479 over his head. A populace of waves spits upon him. 3934 04:08:54.399 --> 04:08:59.399 Confused openings half devour him. Every time that he sinks, 3935 04:08:59.799 --> 04:09:05.360 catches glimpses of precipices filled with night. Frightful and unknown 3936 04:09:05.479 --> 04:09:09.840 vegetation sees him not about his feet draw him to them. 3937 04:09:11.440 --> 04:09:15.719 He is conscious that he is becoming an abyss, that 3938 04:09:15.799 --> 04:09:20.120 he forms part of the foam. The waves toss him 3939 04:09:20.159 --> 04:09:24.799 from one to another. He drinks in the bitterness. The 3940 04:09:24.879 --> 04:09:30.120 cowardly ocean attacks him furiously to drown him. The enormity 3941 04:09:30.239 --> 04:09:34.239 plays with his agony. It seems as though all that 3942 04:09:34.440 --> 04:09:42.479 water were hate. Nevertheless, he struggles, He tries to defend himself, 3943 04:09:43.040 --> 04:09:48.239 He tries to sustain himself. He makes an effort, he swims. 3944 04:09:49.399 --> 04:09:55.879 He his petty strength, all exhausted, instantly combats the inexhaustible. 3945 04:09:57.639 --> 04:10:02.719 Where then, is the ship Yonder, barely visible in the 3946 04:10:02.799 --> 04:10:08.280 pale shadows of the horizon. The wind blows in gusts. 3947 04:10:08.959 --> 04:10:13.959 All the foam overwhelms him. He raises his eyes and 3948 04:10:14.079 --> 04:10:19.680 beholds only the lividness of the clouds. He witnesses, amid 3949 04:10:19.760 --> 04:10:24.920 his death pangs, the immense madness of the sea. He 3950 04:10:25.079 --> 04:10:30.600 is tortured by this madness. He hears noises strange to man, 3951 04:10:30.959 --> 04:10:34.000 which seem to come from beyond the limits of the earth, 3952 04:10:34.840 --> 04:10:41.120 and from one knows not what frightful region beyond. There 3953 04:10:41.120 --> 04:10:44.440 are birds in the clouds, just as there are angels 3954 04:10:44.479 --> 04:10:48.639 above human distresses. But what can they do for him? 3955 04:10:49.479 --> 04:10:54.840 They sing? And fly and float, and he he rattles 3956 04:10:54.879 --> 04:10:59.440 in the death agony. He feels himself buried in those 3957 04:10:59.440 --> 04:11:03.319 two in fisities, the ocean and the sky, at one 3958 04:11:03.600 --> 04:11:08.639 and the same time. The one is a tomb, the 3959 04:11:08.680 --> 04:11:14.840 other is a shroud. Night descends. He has been swimming 3960 04:11:14.879 --> 04:11:21.040 for hours. His strength is exhausted. That ship, that distant 3961 04:11:21.159 --> 04:11:25.239 thing in which there were men, has vanished. He is 3962 04:11:25.280 --> 04:11:31.360 alone in the formidable twilight gulf. He sinks, He stiffens himself, 3963 04:11:31.680 --> 04:11:36.799 He twists himself, He feels under him the monstrous billows 3964 04:11:36.799 --> 04:11:42.920 of the invisible. He shouts, there are no more men. 3965 04:11:44.079 --> 04:11:49.639 Where is God? He shouts, Help, Help, He still shouts 3966 04:11:49.680 --> 04:11:56.040 on nothing on the horizon, nothing in heaven. He implores 3967 04:11:56.120 --> 04:12:00.760 the expanse, the waves, the seaweed, the reef. They are deaf. 3968 04:12:01.680 --> 04:12:07.520 He beseeches the tempest, the imperturbable tempest. Obeys only the 3969 04:12:07.559 --> 04:12:15.639 infinite around him, darkness, fog, solitude, the stormy and non 3970 04:12:15.719 --> 04:12:22.040 sentient tumult, the undefined curling of those wild waters in him, 3971 04:12:22.639 --> 04:12:29.159 horror and fatigue beneath him, the depths not a point 3972 04:12:29.280 --> 04:12:34.159 of support. He thinks of the gloomy adventures of the 3973 04:12:34.200 --> 04:12:40.280 corpse in the limitless shadow. The bottomless cold paralyzes him. 3974 04:12:41.239 --> 04:12:52.360 His hands contract convulsively. They close and grasp nothingness, winds, clouds, whirlwinds, gusts, 3975 04:12:52.840 --> 04:12:58.159 useless stars. What is to be done? The desperate man 3976 04:12:58.760 --> 04:13:04.440 gives up. He is weary. He chooses the alternative of death. 3977 04:13:05.520 --> 04:13:11.360 He resists not, he lets himself go. He abandons his grip, 3978 04:13:12.200 --> 04:13:16.840 and then he tosses for evermore in the lugubrious, dreary 3979 04:13:16.959 --> 04:13:25.600 depths of engulfment, Oh, implacable march of human societies, O 3980 04:13:25.840 --> 04:13:30.639 losses of men and of souls. On the way ocean 3981 04:13:30.920 --> 04:13:36.000 into which falls all that the law lets slip, disastrous 3982 04:13:36.079 --> 04:13:43.600 absence of help, Oh, moral death. The sea is the 3983 04:13:43.639 --> 04:13:48.600 inexorable social night into which the penal laws fling their condemned. 3984 04:13:49.760 --> 04:13:55.920 The sea is the immensity of wretchedness. The soul going 3985 04:13:56.000 --> 04:14:01.879 downstream in the skulf may become a corpse. Who shall 3986 04:14:01.920 --> 04:14:02.840 resuscitate it? 3987 04:14:09.639 --> 04:14:15.479 Book two, Chapter nine, New Troubles. When the hour came 3988 04:14:15.559 --> 04:14:18.879 for him to take his departure from the galleys, when 3989 04:14:18.959 --> 04:14:22.600 Jean Valjean heard in his ear the strange words thou 3990 04:14:22.680 --> 04:14:28.040 art free, the moment seemed improbable and unprecedented. A ray 3991 04:14:28.200 --> 04:14:31.280 of vivid life. A ray of the true light of 3992 04:14:31.319 --> 04:14:35.879 the living suddenly penetrated within him. But it was not 3993 04:14:36.120 --> 04:14:41.159 long before this ray paled. Jean Valjean had been dazzled 3994 04:14:41.239 --> 04:14:44.879 by the idea of liberty he had believed in a 3995 04:14:44.920 --> 04:14:49.319 new life. He very speedily perceived what sort of liberty 3996 04:14:49.399 --> 04:14:54.000 it is to which a yellow passport is provided, And 3997 04:14:54.120 --> 04:14:58.879 this was encompassed with much bitterness. He had calculated that 3998 04:14:58.959 --> 04:15:02.280 his earnings during his sojourn in the galleys ought to 3999 04:15:02.319 --> 04:15:06.280 amount to one hundred and seventy one francs. It is 4000 04:15:06.319 --> 04:15:09.079 but just to add that he had forgotten to include 4001 04:15:09.079 --> 04:15:13.120 in his calculations the forced repose of Sundays and festival 4002 04:15:13.239 --> 04:15:17.600 days during nineteen years, which entailed a diminution of about 4003 04:15:17.639 --> 04:15:21.920 eighty francs. At all events. His hoard had been reduced 4004 04:15:21.959 --> 04:15:25.120 by various local levies to the sum of one hundred 4005 04:15:25.159 --> 04:15:28.600 and nine francs fifteen sous, which had been counted out 4006 04:15:28.639 --> 04:15:32.920 to him on his departure. He had understood nothing of this, 4007 04:15:33.239 --> 04:15:37.680 and had thought himself wronged. Let us say the word robbed. 4008 04:15:39.000 --> 04:15:42.600 On the day following his liberation, he saw at grass 4009 04:15:42.840 --> 04:15:46.879 in front of an orange flower distillery some men engaged 4010 04:15:46.879 --> 04:15:51.760 in unloading bales. He offered his services. Business was pressing. 4011 04:15:52.079 --> 04:15:57.719 They were accepted. He set to work. He was intelligent, robust, adroit. 4012 04:15:58.159 --> 04:16:02.120 He did his best. The master's aim pleased. While he 4013 04:16:02.280 --> 04:16:06.280 was at work, a gendarmes passed observed him and demanded 4014 04:16:06.319 --> 04:16:10.479 his papers. It was necessary to show him the yellow passport. 4015 04:16:11.280 --> 04:16:16.079 That done, Jean Valjean resumed his labor. A little while before, 4016 04:16:16.280 --> 04:16:18.639 he had questioned one of the workmen as to the 4017 04:16:18.680 --> 04:16:21.840 amount which they earned each day at this occupation, he 4018 04:16:21.920 --> 04:16:26.200 had been told thirty sous. When evening arrived, as he 4019 04:16:26.319 --> 04:16:29.000 was forced to set out again on the following day, 4020 04:16:29.399 --> 04:16:32.440 he presented himself to the owner of the distillery and 4021 04:16:32.520 --> 04:16:36.399 requested to be paid. The owner did not utter a word, 4022 04:16:36.719 --> 04:16:41.319 but handed him fifteen sous. He objected, He was told 4023 04:16:41.920 --> 04:16:46.600 that is enough for thee. He persisted. The master looked 4024 04:16:46.680 --> 04:16:50.120 him straight between the eyes and said to him, beware 4025 04:16:50.280 --> 04:16:54.360 of the prison. There again he considered that he had 4026 04:16:54.399 --> 04:16:59.520 been robbed society, the state by diminishing his Hoarde had 4027 04:16:59.600 --> 04:17:03.479 robbed him wholesale. Now it was the individual who was 4028 04:17:03.559 --> 04:17:09.440 robbing him at retail. Liberation is not deliverance. One gets 4029 04:17:09.440 --> 04:17:13.559 free from the galleys, but not from the sentence. That 4030 04:17:13.799 --> 04:17:16.760 is what happened to him at Grasa. We have seen 4031 04:17:16.959 --> 04:17:22.360 in what manner he was received at Dinna. End of 4032 04:17:22.399 --> 04:17:28.399 Book two, Chapter nine, Book two The Fall, Chapter ten. 4033 04:17:29.559 --> 04:17:34.840 The man aroused as the cathedral clock struck two in 4034 04:17:34.920 --> 04:17:39.399 the morning, Jean Valjean awoke. What woke him was that 4035 04:17:39.479 --> 04:17:43.120 his bed was too good. It was nearly twenty years 4036 04:17:43.159 --> 04:17:46.280 since he had slept in a bed, and although he 4037 04:17:46.399 --> 04:17:50.360 had not undressed, the sensation was too novel not to 4038 04:17:50.440 --> 04:17:54.879 disturb his slumbers. He had slept more than four hours, 4039 04:17:55.600 --> 04:17:59.520 his fatigue had passed away. He was accustomed not to 4040 04:17:59.559 --> 04:18:03.879 devote me many hours to repose. He opened his eyes 4041 04:18:04.079 --> 04:18:08.000 and stared into the gloom which surrounded him. Then he 4042 04:18:08.040 --> 04:18:11.079 closed them again, with the intention of going to sleep 4043 04:18:11.120 --> 04:18:15.680 once more. When many varied sensations have agitated the day, 4044 04:18:16.440 --> 04:18:20.799 when various matters preoccupy the mind, one falls asleep once, 4045 04:18:21.239 --> 04:18:25.520 but not a second time. Sleep comes more easily than 4046 04:18:25.559 --> 04:18:30.520 it returns. This is what happened to Jean Valjean. He 4047 04:18:30.520 --> 04:18:33.639 could not get to sleep again, and he fell to thinking. 4048 04:18:35.040 --> 04:18:37.520 He was at one of those moments when the thoughts 4049 04:18:37.520 --> 04:18:41.000 which one has in one's mind are troubled. There was 4050 04:18:41.040 --> 04:18:45.399 a sort of dark confusion in his brain. His memories 4051 04:18:45.440 --> 04:18:49.159 of the olden time and of the immediate present floated there, 4052 04:18:49.280 --> 04:18:54.479 pell mell and mingled confusedly, losing their proper forms, becoming 4053 04:18:54.520 --> 04:18:59.360 disproportionately large, then suddenly disappearing, as in a muddy and 4054 04:18:59.440 --> 04:19:04.479 perturbed pool. Many thoughts occurred to him, But there was 4055 04:19:04.559 --> 04:19:09.200 one which kept constantly presenting itself afresh, and which drove 4056 04:19:09.239 --> 04:19:13.239 away all others. We will mention this thought. At once 4057 04:19:13.959 --> 04:19:17.559 he had observed the six sets of silver forks and spoons, 4058 04:19:18.000 --> 04:19:21.840 and the ladle which Madame mglois had placed on the table. 4059 04:19:23.719 --> 04:19:27.879 Those six sets of silver haunted him. They were there 4060 04:19:28.959 --> 04:19:32.959 a few paces distant, just as he was traversing the 4061 04:19:33.000 --> 04:19:36.319 adjoining room to reach the one in which he then was. 4062 04:19:37.040 --> 04:19:39.399 The old servant woman had been in the act of 4063 04:19:39.440 --> 04:19:41.760 placing them in a little cupboard near the head of 4064 04:19:41.760 --> 04:19:45.479 the bed. He had taken careful note of this cupboard 4065 04:19:46.520 --> 04:19:49.040 on the right as you entered from the dining room. 4066 04:19:49.319 --> 04:19:54.079 They were solid and old silver. From the ladle one 4067 04:19:54.079 --> 04:19:57.799 could get at least two hundred francs, double what he 4068 04:19:57.840 --> 04:20:01.639 had earned in nineteen years. It is true that he 4069 04:20:01.680 --> 04:20:05.840 would have earned more if the administration had not robbed him. 4070 04:20:07.040 --> 04:20:10.959 His mind wavered for a whole hour in fluctuations with 4071 04:20:11.159 --> 04:20:16.040 which there was certainly mingled some struggle. Three o'clock struck, 4072 04:20:17.159 --> 04:20:20.959 he opened his eyes again, drew himself up abruptly into 4073 04:20:20.959 --> 04:20:24.600 a sitting posture, stretched out his arm and felt of 4074 04:20:24.680 --> 04:20:27.559 his knapsack, which he had thrown down on a corner 4075 04:20:27.600 --> 04:20:30.840 of the alcove. Then he hung his legs over the 4076 04:20:30.959 --> 04:20:33.879 edge of the bed and placed his feet on the floor, 4077 04:20:34.639 --> 04:20:38.760 and thus found himself, almost without knowing it, seated on 4078 04:20:38.879 --> 04:20:43.959 his bed. He remained for a time thoughtfully in this attitude, 4079 04:20:44.600 --> 04:20:47.920 which would have been suggestive of something sinister for any 4080 04:20:47.920 --> 04:20:50.840 one who had seen him thus in the dark, the 4081 04:20:50.879 --> 04:20:55.680 only person awakened that house where all was sleeping. All 4082 04:20:55.719 --> 04:20:59.319 of a sudden he stooped down, removed his shoes, and 4083 04:20:59.399 --> 04:21:03.639 placed them softly on the mat beside the bed. Then 4084 04:21:03.680 --> 04:21:07.760 he resumed his thoughtful attitude and became motionless once more. 4085 04:21:10.000 --> 04:21:13.760 Throughout this hideous meditation, the thoughts which we have above 4086 04:21:13.799 --> 04:21:20.159 indicated moved incessantly through his brain. Entered withdrew re entered, 4087 04:21:20.600 --> 04:21:24.479 and in a manner oppressed him. And then he thought, 4088 04:21:24.520 --> 04:21:29.559 also without knowing why, and with the mechanical persistence of revery, 4089 04:21:29.959 --> 04:21:32.879 of a convict named Brevett, whom he had known in 4090 04:21:32.920 --> 04:21:36.680 the galleys, and whose trousers had been upheld by a 4091 04:21:36.719 --> 04:21:41.159 single suspender of knitted cotton. The checkered pattern of that 4092 04:21:41.239 --> 04:21:47.760 suspender recurred incessantly to his mind. He remained in this situation, 4093 04:21:48.360 --> 04:21:52.639 and would have so remained indefinitely even until daybreak, had 4094 04:21:52.680 --> 04:21:55.959 not the clock struck want the half or a quarter hour. 4095 04:21:57.040 --> 04:21:59.479 It seemed to him that that stroke said to him, 4096 04:22:00.040 --> 04:22:06.639 come on. He rose to his feet, hesitated still another moment, 4097 04:22:06.920 --> 04:22:11.680 and listened. All was quiet in the house. Then he 4098 04:22:11.760 --> 04:22:15.680 walked straight ahead, with short steps, to the window, of 4099 04:22:15.760 --> 04:22:20.280 which he caught a glimpse. The night was not very dark. 4100 04:22:21.000 --> 04:22:24.719 There was a full moon across, which caused large clouds 4101 04:22:24.799 --> 04:22:29.920 driven by the wind. This created outdoors alternate shadow and 4102 04:22:30.000 --> 04:22:34.600 gleams of light eclipses, then bright openings of the clouds 4103 04:22:34.639 --> 04:22:40.200 and indoors a sort of twilight. This twilight, sufficient to 4104 04:22:40.319 --> 04:22:43.959 enable a person to see his way intermittent on account 4105 04:22:44.000 --> 04:22:47.319 of the clouds, resembled the sort of livid light which 4106 04:22:47.399 --> 04:22:50.760 falls through an air hole. In a cellar, before which 4107 04:22:50.840 --> 04:22:55.120 the passer by come and go on. Arriving at the window, 4108 04:22:55.520 --> 04:23:00.959 Jean Valjean examined it. It had no grating in the garden, 4109 04:23:01.120 --> 04:23:04.000 and was fastened, according to the fashion of the country, 4110 04:23:04.479 --> 04:23:08.639 only by a small pin. He opened it, but as 4111 04:23:08.639 --> 04:23:12.079 a rush of cold and piercing air penetrated the room abruptly, 4112 04:23:12.600 --> 04:23:17.399 he closed it again. Immediately he scrutinized the garden with 4113 04:23:17.479 --> 04:23:22.520 that attentive gaze which studies rather than looks. The garden 4114 04:23:22.559 --> 04:23:26.600 was enclosed by a tolerably low white wall, easy to climb. 4115 04:23:28.440 --> 04:23:32.600 Far away. At the extremity he perceived tops of trees 4116 04:23:32.840 --> 04:23:37.600 spaced at regular intervals, which indicated that the wall separated 4117 04:23:37.639 --> 04:23:41.399 the garden from an avenue or lane planted with trees. 4118 04:23:43.719 --> 04:23:47.479 Having taken this survey, he executed a movement like that 4119 04:23:47.559 --> 04:23:50.639 of a man who has made up his mind. Strode 4120 04:23:50.639 --> 04:23:55.920 to his alcove, grasped his knapsack, opened it, fumbled in it, 4121 04:23:56.360 --> 04:23:59.159 pulled out of it something which he placed on the bed, 4122 04:24:00.040 --> 04:24:03.040 put his shoes into one of his pockets, shut the 4123 04:24:03.079 --> 04:24:06.479 whole thing up again, threw the knapsack on his shoulders, 4124 04:24:06.600 --> 04:24:09.600 put on his cap, drew the visor down over his eyes, 4125 04:24:09.920 --> 04:24:12.680 felt for his cudgel, went and placed it in the 4126 04:24:12.719 --> 04:24:16.159 angle of the window, then returned to the bed and 4127 04:24:16.239 --> 04:24:20.840 resolutely seized the object which he had deposited there. It 4128 04:24:20.920 --> 04:24:24.120 resembled a short bar of iron, pointed like a pike 4129 04:24:24.200 --> 04:24:28.079 at one end. It would have been difficult to distinguish 4130 04:24:28.159 --> 04:24:31.000 in that darkness for what employment that bit of iron 4131 04:24:31.040 --> 04:24:35.280 could have been designed. Perhaps it was a lever, possibly 4132 04:24:35.280 --> 04:24:38.639 it was a club. In the daytime, it would have 4133 04:24:38.680 --> 04:24:41.360 been possible to recognize it as nothing more than a 4134 04:24:41.399 --> 04:24:47.040 miner's candlestick. Convicts were at that period sometimes employed in 4135 04:24:47.120 --> 04:24:51.680 quarrying stone from the lofty hills which environ Toulon, and 4136 04:24:51.799 --> 04:24:54.360 it was not rare for them to have miners tools 4137 04:24:54.360 --> 04:24:58.920 at their command. These miner's candlesticks are of massive iron, 4138 04:24:59.440 --> 04:25:02.840 terminated at the lower extremity by a point, by means 4139 04:25:02.840 --> 04:25:06.000 of which they are stuck into the rock. He took 4140 04:25:06.040 --> 04:25:09.639 the candlestick in his right hand, holding his breath and 4141 04:25:09.680 --> 04:25:13.040 trying to deaden the sound of his tread, he directed 4142 04:25:13.079 --> 04:25:16.520 his steps to the door of the adjoining room occupied 4143 04:25:16.559 --> 04:25:20.920 by the bishop. As we already know, On arriving at 4144 04:25:20.920 --> 04:25:26.000 this door, he founded Ajar the bishop had not closed it. 4145 04:25:28.319 --> 04:25:29.520 End of Book two. 4146 04:25:31.280 --> 04:25:40.399 Book two, Chapter eleven. What he does Jean Valjean listened, 4147 04:25:40.920 --> 04:25:46.079 not a sound. He gave the door a push. He 4148 04:25:46.120 --> 04:25:49.200 pushed it gently with the tip of his finger, lightly, 4149 04:25:49.479 --> 04:25:53.120 with the furtive and uneasy gentleness of a cat which 4150 04:25:53.159 --> 04:25:58.159 is desirous of entering. The door yielded to this pressure 4151 04:25:58.600 --> 04:26:02.760 and made an imperceptib and silent movement, which enlarged the 4152 04:26:02.799 --> 04:26:07.440 opening a little. He waited a moment, then gave the 4153 04:26:07.479 --> 04:26:11.719 door a second and a bolder push. It continued to 4154 04:26:11.799 --> 04:26:16.239 yield in silence. The opening was now large enough to 4155 04:26:16.319 --> 04:26:19.680 allow him to pass. But near the door there stood 4156 04:26:19.719 --> 04:26:23.280 a little table, which formed an embarrassing angle with it 4157 04:26:23.840 --> 04:26:30.040 and barred the entrance. Jean Valjean recognized the difficulty it 4158 04:26:30.200 --> 04:26:34.760 was necessary, at any cost to enlarge the aperture still further. 4159 04:26:36.600 --> 04:26:39.319 He decided on his course of action and gave the 4160 04:26:39.399 --> 04:26:43.159 door a third push, more energetic than the two preceding. 4161 04:26:44.680 --> 04:26:49.159 This time, a badly oiled hinge suddenly emitted amid the silence, 4162 04:26:49.200 --> 04:26:55.440 a hoarse and prolonged cry. Jean Valjean shuddered. The noise 4163 04:26:55.479 --> 04:26:58.120 of the hinge rang in his ears with something of 4164 04:26:58.159 --> 04:27:01.360 the piercing and formidable sound of the trumpet of the 4165 04:27:01.440 --> 04:27:07.280 Day of Judgment. In the fantastic exaggerations of the first moment, 4166 04:27:07.639 --> 04:27:11.719 he almost imagined that the hinge had just become animated 4167 04:27:12.200 --> 04:27:15.879 and had suddenly assumed a terrible life, and that it 4168 04:27:15.959 --> 04:27:19.600 was barking like a dog to arouse every one and warned, 4169 04:27:19.760 --> 04:27:24.959 and to wake those who were asleep. He halted, shuddering, bewildered, 4170 04:27:25.239 --> 04:27:27.520 and fell back from the tips of his toes upon 4171 04:27:27.559 --> 04:27:31.520 his heels. He heard the arteries in his temples beating 4172 04:27:31.639 --> 04:27:34.719 like two forge hammers, and it seemed to him that 4173 04:27:34.840 --> 04:27:38.040 his breath issued from his breast with the roar of 4174 04:27:38.079 --> 04:27:42.479 the wind issuing from a cavern. It seemed impossible to 4175 04:27:42.559 --> 04:27:46.600 him that the horrible clamor of that irritated hinge should 4176 04:27:46.600 --> 04:27:49.959 not have disturbed the entire household, like the shock of 4177 04:27:50.000 --> 04:27:53.319 an earthquake. The door pushed by him had taken the 4178 04:27:53.360 --> 04:27:57.239 alarm and had shouted. The old man would rise at once, 4179 04:27:57.559 --> 04:28:00.360 the two old women would shriek out, people would come 4180 04:28:00.360 --> 04:28:03.680 to their assistance. In less than a quarter of an hour, 4181 04:28:04.079 --> 04:28:07.840 the town would be in an uproar, and the gendarmerie 4182 04:28:08.040 --> 04:28:14.600 on hand for a moment he thought himself lost. He 4183 04:28:14.680 --> 04:28:17.920 remained where he was, petrified, like the statue of salt, 4184 04:28:18.639 --> 04:28:23.079 not daring to make a movement. Several minutes elapsed. The 4185 04:28:23.120 --> 04:28:27.000 door had fallen wide open. He ventured to peep into 4186 04:28:27.120 --> 04:28:31.559 the next room. Nothing had stirred. 4187 04:28:31.559 --> 04:28:31.799 There. 4188 04:28:32.760 --> 04:28:36.159 He lent an ear. Nothing was moving in the house. 4189 04:28:37.159 --> 04:28:40.040 The noise made by the rusty hinge had not awakened 4190 04:28:40.239 --> 04:28:45.040 any one. This first danger was past, but there still 4191 04:28:45.040 --> 04:28:50.280 reigned a frightful tumult within him. Nevertheless, he did not retreat. 4192 04:28:51.120 --> 04:28:54.040 Even when he had thought himself lost, he had not 4193 04:28:54.200 --> 04:28:58.520 drawn back. His only thought now was to finish as 4194 04:28:58.559 --> 04:29:03.479 soon as possible. He took a step and entered the room. 4195 04:29:05.280 --> 04:29:08.840 This room was in a state of perfect calm. Here 4196 04:29:08.879 --> 04:29:13.479 and there vague and confused forms were distinguishable, which in 4197 04:29:13.520 --> 04:29:17.920 the daylight were papers scattered on a table, open folios, 4198 04:29:18.760 --> 04:29:23.200 volumes piled upon a stool, an armchair heaped with clothing 4199 04:29:23.959 --> 04:29:28.200 a pre dieu, and which at that hour were only 4200 04:29:28.280 --> 04:29:34.040 shadowy corners and whitish spots. Jean Valjean advanced with precaution, 4201 04:29:35.079 --> 04:29:39.479 taking care not to knock against the furniture. He could 4202 04:29:39.520 --> 04:29:42.559 hear at the extremity of the room, the even and 4203 04:29:42.680 --> 04:29:48.360 tranquil breathing of the sleeping bishop. He suddenly came to 4204 04:29:48.440 --> 04:29:51.920 a halt. He was near the bed. He had arrived 4205 04:29:51.920 --> 04:29:57.000 there sooner than he had thought. For Nature sometimes mingles 4206 04:29:57.000 --> 04:30:01.559 her effects and her spectacles with our actions, with somber 4207 04:30:01.680 --> 04:30:06.760 and intelligent appropriateness, as though she desired to make us reflect. 4208 04:30:07.879 --> 04:30:10.719 For the last half hour, a large cloud had covered 4209 04:30:10.719 --> 04:30:15.360 the heavens at that moment when Jean Valjean paused in 4210 04:30:15.399 --> 04:30:19.399 front of the bed. This cloud parted as though on purpose, 4211 04:30:20.040 --> 04:30:24.120 and a ray of light traversing the long window suddenly 4212 04:30:24.159 --> 04:30:30.000 illuminated the bishop's pale face. He was sleeping peacefully. He 4213 04:30:30.079 --> 04:30:33.360 lay in his bed, almost completely dressed on account of 4214 04:30:33.360 --> 04:30:37.840 the cold of the beast's alps, in a garment of 4215 04:30:37.879 --> 04:30:41.040 brown wool, in which covered his arms to the wrists. 4216 04:30:42.319 --> 04:30:44.600 His head was thrown back on the pillow in the 4217 04:30:44.639 --> 04:30:49.440 careless attitude of repose, his hand adorned with the pastoral ring, 4218 04:30:50.040 --> 04:30:53.120 and whence had fallen so many good deeds and so 4219 04:30:53.239 --> 04:30:56.719 many holy actions, was hanging over the edge of the bed. 4220 04:30:57.799 --> 04:31:01.360 His whole face was illumined with a vague expression of 4221 04:31:01.399 --> 04:31:06.479 satisfaction of hope and of felicity. It was more than 4222 04:31:06.520 --> 04:31:11.879 a smile, and almost a radiance. He bore upon his brow, 4223 04:31:12.000 --> 04:31:17.399 the indescribable reflection of a light which was invisible The 4224 04:31:17.440 --> 04:31:21.680 soul of the just contemplates, in sleep a mysterious heaven. 4225 04:31:23.399 --> 04:31:28.520 A reflection of that heaven rested on the Bishop. It was, 4226 04:31:28.680 --> 04:31:32.959 at the same time a luminous transparency, for that heaven 4227 04:31:33.200 --> 04:31:38.479 was within him. That heaven was his conscience. At the 4228 04:31:38.520 --> 04:31:42.360 moment when the ray of moonlight superposed itself, so to speak, 4229 04:31:42.840 --> 04:31:46.879 upon that inward radiance, the sleeping Bishop seemed as in 4230 04:31:47.040 --> 04:31:51.879 a glory. It remained, however, gentle, and veiled in an 4231 04:31:51.920 --> 04:31:57.559 ineffable half light, that moon in the sky, that slumbering nature, 4232 04:31:58.319 --> 04:32:01.760 that garden without a quiver, that house, which was so 4233 04:32:01.920 --> 04:32:06.879 calm the hour the moment. The silence added some solemn 4234 04:32:07.040 --> 04:32:11.559 and unspeakable quality to the venerable repose of this man, 4235 04:32:11.920 --> 04:32:15.840 and enveloped in a sort of serene and majestic aureole 4236 04:32:16.079 --> 04:32:20.600 of white hair, those closed eyes, that face in which 4237 04:32:20.680 --> 04:32:24.959 all was hope and all was confidence, that head of 4238 04:32:25.000 --> 04:32:30.840 an old man, and that slumber of an infant. There 4239 04:32:30.920 --> 04:32:34.360 was something almost divine in this man who was thus 4240 04:32:34.440 --> 04:32:39.760 august without being himself aware of it. Jean Valjean was 4241 04:32:39.760 --> 04:32:44.079 in the shadow and stood motionless, with his iron candlestick 4242 04:32:44.120 --> 04:32:48.559 in his hand, frightened by this luminous old man. Never 4243 04:32:48.639 --> 04:32:53.360 had he beheld anything like this. This confidence terrified him. 4244 04:32:54.200 --> 04:32:59.760 The moral world has no grander spectacle than this, A troubled, 4245 04:33:00.040 --> 04:33:03.799 an uneasy conscience, which has arrived on the brink of 4246 04:33:03.840 --> 04:33:09.200 an evil action, contemplating the slumber of the just, that 4247 04:33:09.319 --> 04:33:13.400 slumber in that isolation, and with a neighbor like himself, 4248 04:33:13.840 --> 04:33:17.319 had about it something sublime of which he was vaguely 4249 04:33:17.360 --> 04:33:23.840 but imperiously conscious. No one could have told what was 4250 04:33:23.880 --> 04:33:28.599 passing within him, not even himself. In order to attempt 4251 04:33:28.680 --> 04:33:31.799 to form an idea of it, it is necessary to 4252 04:33:31.880 --> 04:33:34.880 think of the most violent of things in the presence 4253 04:33:35.000 --> 04:33:38.799 of the most gentle. Even on his visage, it would 4254 04:33:38.840 --> 04:33:43.439 have been impossible to distinguish anything with certainty. It was 4255 04:33:43.479 --> 04:33:47.639 a sort of haggard astonishment. He gazed at it, and 4256 04:33:47.680 --> 04:33:52.400 that was all. But what was his thought? It would 4257 04:33:52.439 --> 04:33:56.439 have been impossible to divine it. What was evident was 4258 04:33:56.840 --> 04:34:00.680 that he had been touched and astounded. But what was 4259 04:34:00.720 --> 04:34:05.119 the nature of this emotion. His eye never quitted the 4260 04:34:05.119 --> 04:34:08.520 old man. The only thing which was clearly to be 4261 04:34:08.599 --> 04:34:14.040 inferred from his attitude and his signialmi was a strange indecision. 4262 04:34:15.240 --> 04:34:19.119 One would have said that he was hesitating between the 4263 04:34:19.159 --> 04:34:23.520 two abysses, the one in which one loses one's self 4264 04:34:24.279 --> 04:34:28.520 and that in which one saves one's self. He seemed 4265 04:34:28.560 --> 04:34:34.479 prepared to crush that skull or kiss that hand. At 4266 04:34:34.520 --> 04:34:37.840 the expiration of a few minutes, his left arm rose 4267 04:34:37.880 --> 04:34:41.319 slowly towards his brow, and he took off his cap. 4268 04:34:41.959 --> 04:34:45.360 Then his arm fell back with the same deliberation, and 4269 04:34:45.479 --> 04:34:50.560 Jean Valjean fell to meditating once more, his cap in 4270 04:34:50.639 --> 04:34:53.439 his left hand, his club in his right hand, his 4271 04:34:53.520 --> 04:34:59.000 hair bristling all over his savage head. The bishop continued 4272 04:34:59.000 --> 04:35:04.439 to sleep in prof bound piece. Beneath that terrifying gaze. 4273 04:35:04.799 --> 04:35:08.880 The gleam of the moon rendered confusedly visible the crucifix 4274 04:35:09.119 --> 04:35:12.240 over the chimney piece, which seemed to be extending its 4275 04:35:12.360 --> 04:35:15.599 arms to both of them, with a benediction for one 4276 04:35:16.080 --> 04:35:22.720 and pardon for the other. Suddenly, Jean Valjean replaced his 4277 04:35:22.840 --> 04:35:26.200 cap on his brow, then stepped rapidly past the bed, 4278 04:35:26.439 --> 04:35:30.240 without glancing at this bishop straight to the cupboard, which 4279 04:35:30.279 --> 04:35:33.680 he saw near the head. He raised his iron candlestick 4280 04:35:33.720 --> 04:35:36.319 as though to force the lock. The key was there, 4281 04:35:36.840 --> 04:35:39.799 he opened it. The first thing which presented itself to 4282 04:35:39.880 --> 04:35:44.200 him was the basket of silverware. He seized it, traversed 4283 04:35:44.240 --> 04:35:48.520 the chamber with long strides, without taking any precautions, and 4284 04:35:48.599 --> 04:35:51.840 without troubling himself at the noise, gained the door, re 4285 04:35:52.000 --> 04:35:56.520 entered the oratory, opened the window, seized his cudgel, bestrode 4286 04:35:56.560 --> 04:35:59.799 the window sill of the ground floor, put the silver 4287 04:35:59.840 --> 04:36:03.680 in his knapsack, threw away the basket, crossed the garden, 4288 04:36:04.119 --> 04:36:10.040 leaped over the wall like a tiger, and fled. End 4289 04:36:10.119 --> 04:36:18.040 of Book two, Book two, Chapter twelve, The Bishop works. 4290 04:36:19.799 --> 04:36:24.360 The next morning, at sunrise, Monseigneur Bienvenu was strolling in 4291 04:36:24.479 --> 04:36:32.400 his garden. Madame Magloire ran up to him in utter consternation. Monseigneur, monseigneur, 4292 04:36:32.560 --> 04:36:35.200 she exclaimed, does your grace know where the basket of 4293 04:36:35.240 --> 04:36:40.959 silver is? Yes, replied the bishop. Jesus the Lord be praised. 4294 04:36:41.159 --> 04:36:44.119 She resumed, I did not know what had become of it. 4295 04:36:45.240 --> 04:36:47.400 The Bishop had just picked up the basket in a 4296 04:36:47.439 --> 04:36:53.000 flower bed. He presented it to Madame Maglois. Here it 4297 04:36:53.040 --> 04:36:59.520 is well, said she. Nothing in it and the silver, Ah, 4298 04:36:59.599 --> 04:37:02.919 returned the Bishop. So it is the silver which troubles you. 4299 04:37:03.400 --> 04:37:07.200 I don't know where it is, great, good God, it 4300 04:37:07.279 --> 04:37:09.799 is stolen. That man who was here last night has 4301 04:37:09.840 --> 04:37:14.119 stolen it. In a twinkling, with all the vivacity of 4302 04:37:14.159 --> 04:37:18.400 an alert old woman, Madame Maglois had rushed to the oratory, 4303 04:37:19.040 --> 04:37:22.959 entered the alcove, and returned to the Bishop. The Bishop 4304 04:37:23.000 --> 04:37:26.159 had just bent down and was sighing as he examined 4305 04:37:26.200 --> 04:37:29.840 a plant of Coco lailla de gion, which the basket 4306 04:37:29.880 --> 04:37:33.560 had broken as it fell across the bed. He rose 4307 04:37:33.639 --> 04:37:38.240 up at Madame Magloire's cry, monseigneur, the man is gone. 4308 04:37:38.599 --> 04:37:43.080 The silver has been stolen. As she uttered this exclamation, 4309 04:37:43.279 --> 04:37:46.119 her eyes fell upon a corner of the garden, where 4310 04:37:46.200 --> 04:37:49.880 traces of the wall, having been scaled, were visible. The 4311 04:37:49.880 --> 04:37:55.840 coping of the wall had been torn away. Stay yonder 4312 04:37:55.959 --> 04:37:58.560 is the way he went. He jumped over into Couche 4313 04:37:58.599 --> 04:38:02.599 fillet lane. Ah, the abomination, he has stolen our silver. 4314 04:38:03.680 --> 04:38:06.880 The Bishop remained silent for a moment. Then he raised 4315 04:38:06.880 --> 04:38:11.680 his grave eyes and said gently to Madame Magloire, and 4316 04:38:11.799 --> 04:38:16.680 in the first place was that silver ours? Madame Magloire 4317 04:38:16.840 --> 04:38:21.319 was speechless. Another silence ensued. Then the Bishop went on, 4318 04:38:22.599 --> 04:38:25.919 Madame Maglois, I have for a long time detained that 4319 04:38:25.959 --> 04:38:30.919 silver wrongfully. It belonged to the poor. Who was that man? 4320 04:38:31.360 --> 04:38:37.639 A poor man? Evidently alas Jesus returned Madame Magloire, it 4321 04:38:37.759 --> 04:38:41.599 is not for my sake nor for Mademoiselle's. It makes 4322 04:38:41.720 --> 04:38:44.279 no difference to us, but it is for the sake 4323 04:38:44.279 --> 04:38:47.520 of monseigneur. What is monseigneur to eat with? 4324 04:38:47.680 --> 04:38:47.919 Now? 4325 04:38:49.119 --> 04:38:53.799 The Bishop gazed at her with an air of amazement. Ah, come, 4326 04:38:53.959 --> 04:38:57.360 are there no such things as pewter, forks and spoons? 4327 04:38:58.639 --> 04:39:04.720 Madame Magloire shrugged her shoulders. Pewter has an odor, iron 4328 04:39:04.799 --> 04:39:09.200 forks and spoons. Then Madame Maglois made an expressive grimace. 4329 04:39:09.720 --> 04:39:15.319 Iron has a taste very well, said the Bishop wooden Ones. Then, 4330 04:39:17.119 --> 04:39:19.880 a few moments later, as he was breakfasting at the 4331 04:39:20.040 --> 04:39:23.639 very table at which Jean Valjean had sat on the 4332 04:39:23.680 --> 04:39:29.520 previous evening. As he ate his breakfast, Monseigneur welcome, remarked 4333 04:39:29.520 --> 04:39:33.720 gaily to his sister, who said nothing, and to Madame Maglois, 4334 04:39:33.840 --> 04:39:36.759 who was grumbling under her breath that one really does 4335 04:39:36.799 --> 04:39:40.799 not need either fork or spoon, even of wood, in 4336 04:39:40.919 --> 04:39:43.119 order to dip a bit of bread in a cup 4337 04:39:43.200 --> 04:39:48.520 of milk. A pretty idea, truly, said Madame Maglois to herself, 4338 04:39:48.560 --> 04:39:51.880 as she came and went to take a man in 4339 04:39:52.040 --> 04:39:54.319 like that, and to lodge him close to one's self. 4340 04:39:54.759 --> 04:39:58.080 And how fortunate that he did nothing but steal ah, 4341 04:39:58.240 --> 04:40:01.680 mon dieu, It makes one shut up to think of it. 4342 04:40:02.720 --> 04:40:04.919 As the brother and sister were about to rise from 4343 04:40:04.919 --> 04:40:09.880 the table, there came a knock at the door. Come in, 4344 04:40:10.119 --> 04:40:15.080 said the bishop. The door opened, A singular and violent 4345 04:40:15.240 --> 04:40:19.560 group made its appearance. On the threshold. Three men were 4346 04:40:19.560 --> 04:40:23.880 holding a fourth man by the collar. The three men 4347 04:40:24.000 --> 04:40:31.080 were gendarmes. The other was Jean Valjean, a brigadier of gendarmes, 4348 04:40:31.400 --> 04:40:34.080 who seemed to be in command of the group, was 4349 04:40:34.119 --> 04:40:38.159 standing near the door. He entered and advanced to the bishop, 4350 04:40:38.479 --> 04:40:44.279 making a military salute. Monseigneur said he. At this word, 4351 04:40:44.599 --> 04:40:48.520 Jean Valjean, who was dejected and seemed overwhelmed, raised his 4352 04:40:48.639 --> 04:40:54.799 head with an air of stupefication. Monseigneur, he murmured, so 4353 04:40:54.959 --> 04:41:00.279 He is not the cure, silence, said the gendarmes. He 4354 04:41:00.439 --> 04:41:06.599 is the monseigneur. The bishop. In the meantime, Monseigneur Bienvenue 4355 04:41:06.680 --> 04:41:11.279 had advanced as quickly as his great age permitted. Ah 4356 04:41:11.360 --> 04:41:15.119 here you are, he exclaimed, looking at Jean Valjean. I 4357 04:41:15.159 --> 04:41:18.599 am glad to see you well. But how is this? 4358 04:41:19.240 --> 04:41:22.360 I gave you the candlesticks too, which are of silver 4359 04:41:22.560 --> 04:41:25.200 like the rest, and for which you can certainly get 4360 04:41:25.200 --> 04:41:28.560 two hundred francs. Why did you not carry them away 4361 04:41:28.560 --> 04:41:33.000 with your forks and spoons? Jean Valjean opened his eyes 4362 04:41:33.119 --> 04:41:37.319 wide and stared at the venerable Bishop with an expression 4363 04:41:37.400 --> 04:41:42.279 which no human tongue can render any account of monseigneur, 4364 04:41:42.840 --> 04:41:46.759 said the brigadier of Gendarmes. So what this man said 4365 04:41:46.880 --> 04:41:50.599 is true. Then we came across him. He was walking 4366 04:41:50.680 --> 04:41:53.520 like a man who was running away. We stopped him 4367 04:41:53.520 --> 04:41:57.000 to look into the matter. He had the silver, and 4368 04:41:57.159 --> 04:42:00.360 he told you, interposed the Bishop, with a smile that 4369 04:42:00.520 --> 04:42:03.319 had been given him by a kind old fellow of 4370 04:42:03.360 --> 04:42:06.520 a priest with whom he had passed the night. I 4371 04:42:06.599 --> 04:42:09.200 see how the matter stands, and you have brought him 4372 04:42:09.200 --> 04:42:13.840 back here. It is a mistake in that case, replied 4373 04:42:13.840 --> 04:42:19.279 the brigadier. We can let him go. Certainly, replied the bishop. 4374 04:42:20.319 --> 04:42:26.360 The gendarmes released Jean Valjean, who recoiled. Is it true 4375 04:42:26.400 --> 04:42:29.400 that I am to be released? He said, in an 4376 04:42:29.439 --> 04:42:33.360 almost inarticulate voice, and as though he were talking in 4377 04:42:33.439 --> 04:42:40.000 his sleep. Yes, thou art released, dost thou not understand, 4378 04:42:40.720 --> 04:42:45.040 said one of the gendarmes. My friend, resumed the bishop. 4379 04:42:45.360 --> 04:42:49.560 Before you go, here are your candlesticks. Take them. He 4380 04:42:49.639 --> 04:42:53.159 stepped to the chimney piece, took the two silver candlesticks, 4381 04:42:53.200 --> 04:42:56.680 and brought them to Jean Valjean. The two women looked 4382 04:42:56.720 --> 04:42:59.880 on without uttering a word, without a gesture, with a 4383 04:43:00.319 --> 04:43:06.639 look which could disconcert the bishop. Jean Valjean was trembling 4384 04:43:06.680 --> 04:43:10.880 in every limb. He took the two candlesticks mechanically and 4385 04:43:10.959 --> 04:43:16.599 with a bewildered air. Now said the Bishop, go in peace. 4386 04:43:17.439 --> 04:43:20.759 By the way. When you return, my friend, it is 4387 04:43:20.840 --> 04:43:24.159 not necessary to pass through the garden. You can always 4388 04:43:24.279 --> 04:43:27.639 enter and depart through the street door. It is never 4389 04:43:27.720 --> 04:43:31.439 fastened with anything but a latch, either by day or 4390 04:43:31.520 --> 04:43:37.680 by night. Then, returning to the gendarmes, you may retire, gentlemen, 4391 04:43:37.959 --> 04:43:43.000 the Gendarmes retired. Jean Valjean was like a man on 4392 04:43:43.040 --> 04:43:47.279 the point of fainting. The Bishop drew near to him 4393 04:43:47.599 --> 04:43:51.880 and said, in a low voice, do not forget, never 4394 04:43:52.040 --> 04:43:55.520 forget that you have promised to use this money in 4395 04:43:55.639 --> 04:43:59.959 becoming an honest man. Jean Valjean, who had no reck 4396 04:44:00.040 --> 04:44:05.200 collection of ever having promised anything, remained speechless. The bishop 4397 04:44:05.240 --> 04:44:09.080 had emphasized the words. When he uttered them, he resumed 4398 04:44:09.080 --> 04:44:13.919 with solemnity, Jean Valjean, my brother, you are no longer 4399 04:44:14.279 --> 04:44:18.560 belonged to evil, but to good. It is your soul 4400 04:44:18.639 --> 04:44:21.880 that I buy from you. I withdraw it from black 4401 04:44:21.959 --> 04:44:26.560 thoughts and the spirit of perdition, and I give it 4402 04:44:26.599 --> 04:44:27.159 to God. 4403 04:44:32.639 --> 04:44:40.759 Book two, chapter thirteen. Little Gervais Jean Valjean left the 4404 04:44:40.799 --> 04:44:43.919 town as though he were fleeing from it. He set 4405 04:44:43.959 --> 04:44:47.159 out at a very hasty pace through the fields, taking 4406 04:44:47.200 --> 04:44:51.439 whatever roads and paths presented themselves to him, without perceiving 4407 04:44:51.479 --> 04:44:55.959 that he was incessantly retracing his steps. He wondered thus 4408 04:44:56.040 --> 04:45:00.479 the whole morning, without having eaten anything, and without feeling hungry. 4409 04:45:01.680 --> 04:45:04.919 He was the prey of a throng of novel sensations. 4410 04:45:06.040 --> 04:45:09.639 He was conscious of a sort of rage. He did 4411 04:45:09.680 --> 04:45:13.840 not know against whom it was directed. He could not 4412 04:45:13.880 --> 04:45:18.159 have told whether he was touched or humiliated. There came 4413 04:45:18.200 --> 04:45:22.319 over him at moments, a strange emotion, which he resisted, 4414 04:45:22.959 --> 04:45:26.040 and to which he opposed. The hardness acquired during the 4415 04:45:26.119 --> 04:45:29.959 last twenty years of his life. This state of mind 4416 04:45:30.040 --> 04:45:34.200 fatigued him. He perceived with dismay that the sort of 4417 04:45:34.279 --> 04:45:38.439 frightful calm which the injustice of his misfortune had conferred 4418 04:45:38.520 --> 04:45:43.680 upon him was giving way within him. He asked himself 4419 04:45:43.759 --> 04:45:47.240 what would replace this? At times he would have actually 4420 04:45:47.240 --> 04:45:50.479 preferred to be in prison with a gendarmes, and that 4421 04:45:50.560 --> 04:45:54.200 things should not have happened in this way. It would 4422 04:45:54.200 --> 04:45:59.520 have agitated him less. Although the season was tolerably far advanced, 4423 04:46:00.200 --> 04:46:02.639 there were still a few late flowers in the hedge 4424 04:46:02.720 --> 04:46:05.840 rows here and there, whose odor, as he passed through 4425 04:46:05.880 --> 04:46:09.759 them in his march, recalled to him memories of his childhood. 4426 04:46:10.799 --> 04:46:14.240 These memories were almost intolerable to him, it was so 4427 04:46:14.400 --> 04:46:20.000 long since they had recurred to him. Unutterable thoughts assembled 4428 04:46:20.040 --> 04:46:25.759 within him in this manner all day long, as the 4429 04:46:25.799 --> 04:46:30.319 sun declined to its setting, casting long shadows athwart the 4430 04:46:30.400 --> 04:46:34.759 soil from every pebble. Jean Valjean sat down behind a 4431 04:46:34.759 --> 04:46:39.200 bush upon a large ruddy plain which was absolutely deserted. 4432 04:46:40.759 --> 04:46:44.639 There was nothing on the horizon except the alps, not 4433 04:46:44.759 --> 04:46:50.400 even the spire of a distant village. Jean Valjean might 4434 04:46:50.400 --> 04:46:54.919 have been three leagues distant from d A path which 4435 04:46:54.959 --> 04:46:58.200 intersected the plains passed a few paces from the bush. 4436 04:47:00.040 --> 04:47:03.439 In the middle of this meditation, which would have contributed 4437 04:47:03.479 --> 04:47:06.400 not a little to render his rags terrifying to any 4438 04:47:06.400 --> 04:47:10.720 one who might have encountered him, a joyous sound became audible. 4439 04:47:11.919 --> 04:47:15.560 He turned his head and saw a little savoyard about 4440 04:47:15.599 --> 04:47:18.759 ten years of age, coming up the path and singing 4441 04:47:19.119 --> 04:47:22.159 his hurdy gurdy on his hip and his marmo box 4442 04:47:22.479 --> 04:47:27.240 on his back, one of those gay and gentle children 4443 04:47:27.759 --> 04:47:31.159 who go from land to land, affording a view of 4444 04:47:31.240 --> 04:47:36.159 their knees through the holes in their trousers. Without stopping 4445 04:47:36.200 --> 04:47:39.279 his song. The lad halted in his march from time 4446 04:47:39.319 --> 04:47:42.439 to time and played at knuckle bones with some coins 4447 04:47:42.479 --> 04:47:46.080 which he had in his hand, his whole fortune. Probably 4448 04:47:47.799 --> 04:47:52.880 among this money there was one forty sous piece. The 4449 04:47:53.000 --> 04:47:56.599 child halted beside the bush without perceiving Jean Valjean and 4450 04:47:56.720 --> 04:47:59.479 tossed up his handful of sous, which up to that 4451 04:47:59.639 --> 04:48:02.360 time he had caught with a good deal of adroitness, 4452 04:48:02.400 --> 04:48:06.520 on the back of his hand. This time the forty 4453 04:48:06.560 --> 04:48:10.000 sou piece escaped him and went rolling toward the brushwood 4454 04:48:10.240 --> 04:48:15.520 until it reached Jean Valjean. Jean Valjean set his foot 4455 04:48:15.560 --> 04:48:20.840 upon it. In the meantime, the child had looked after 4456 04:48:20.880 --> 04:48:24.040 his coin and had caught sight of him. He showed 4457 04:48:24.040 --> 04:48:29.560 no astonishment, but walked straight up to the man. The 4458 04:48:29.639 --> 04:48:34.400 spot was absolutely solitary. As far as the eye could see. 4459 04:48:34.639 --> 04:48:36.880 There was not a person on the plain or on 4460 04:48:36.959 --> 04:48:43.080 the path. The only sound was the tiny feeble cries 4461 04:48:43.360 --> 04:48:47.279 of a flock of birds of passage, which was traversing 4462 04:48:47.319 --> 04:48:52.279 the heavens at an immense height. The child was standing 4463 04:48:52.319 --> 04:48:55.880 with his back to the sun, which cast threads of 4464 04:48:55.959 --> 04:48:59.959 gold in his hair and empurpled with its blood red gleam. 4465 04:49:00.319 --> 04:49:08.159 The savage face of Jean Valjean, sir, said the little savoyard, 4466 04:49:08.520 --> 04:49:13.319 with that childish confidence which is composed of ignorance and innocence. 4467 04:49:14.680 --> 04:49:21.639 My money, what is your name, said Jean Valjean. Little Gervais, 4468 04:49:21.639 --> 04:49:28.959 Sir go away, said Jean Valjean, Sir, resumed the child, 4469 04:49:29.319 --> 04:49:34.119 give me back my money. Jean Valjean dropped his head 4470 04:49:34.479 --> 04:49:41.479 and made no reply. The child began again, my money, Sir. 4471 04:49:43.400 --> 04:49:48.400 Jean Valjean's eyes remained fixed on the earth. My piece 4472 04:49:48.439 --> 04:49:52.599 of money, cried the child, my white piece, my silver. 4473 04:49:54.240 --> 04:49:57.680 It seemed as though Jean Valjean did not hear him. 4474 04:49:58.080 --> 04:50:00.759 The child grasped him by the collar his blouse and 4475 04:50:00.799 --> 04:50:04.040 shook him. At the same time, he made an effort 4476 04:50:04.080 --> 04:50:07.360 to displace the big iron shod shoe which rested on 4477 04:50:07.439 --> 04:50:11.759 his treasure. I want my piece of money, my piece 4478 04:50:11.759 --> 04:50:17.840 of forty sous. The child wept. Jean Valjean raised his head. 4479 04:50:18.479 --> 04:50:23.560 He still remained seated. His eyes were troubled. He gazed 4480 04:50:23.560 --> 04:50:27.720 out at the child in a sort of amazement. Then 4481 04:50:27.720 --> 04:50:31.240 he stretched out his hand towards his cudgel and cried, 4482 04:50:31.279 --> 04:50:37.200 in a terrible voice. Who's there, I, sir, replied the child, 4483 04:50:37.400 --> 04:50:40.720 little Gervais, I give me back my forty sous, if 4484 04:50:40.720 --> 04:50:46.040 you please take your foot away, sir, if you please. Then, irritated, 4485 04:50:46.439 --> 04:50:52.799 though he was so small and becoming almost menacing, come now, 4486 04:50:52.919 --> 04:50:55.880 will you take your foot away? Take your foot away? 4487 04:50:56.000 --> 04:51:01.000 Or we'll see. Ah, it's still you, said Jean Valjean, 4488 04:51:01.200 --> 04:51:04.200 and rising abruptly to his feet, his foot still resting 4489 04:51:04.240 --> 04:51:08.240 on the silver piece, he added, will you take yourself off? 4490 04:51:10.360 --> 04:51:13.639 The frightened child looked at him, then began to tremble 4491 04:51:13.639 --> 04:51:16.439 from head to foot, and after a few moments of stupor, 4492 04:51:16.720 --> 04:51:20.799 he set out running at his top speed, without daring 4493 04:51:20.840 --> 04:51:25.959 to turn his neck or to utter a cry. Nevertheless, 4494 04:51:26.919 --> 04:51:29.680 lack of breath forced him to halt after a certain distance, 4495 04:51:30.119 --> 04:51:34.400 as Jean Valjean heard him sobbing in the midst of 4496 04:51:34.439 --> 04:51:38.720 his own reverie. At the end of a few moments, 4497 04:51:39.200 --> 04:51:46.159 the child had disappeared, the sun had set, the shadows 4498 04:51:46.159 --> 04:51:50.919 were descending around Jean Valjean. He had eaten nothing all day. 4499 04:51:51.520 --> 04:51:55.680 It is probable that he was feverish. He had remained standing, 4500 04:51:55.680 --> 04:51:58.880 and he had not changed his attitude after the child's flight. 4501 04:52:00.639 --> 04:52:04.479 The breath heaved his chest at long and irregular intervals. 4502 04:52:05.520 --> 04:52:09.400 His gaze, fixed ten or twelve paces in front of him, 4503 04:52:10.119 --> 04:52:13.799 seemed to be scrutinizing with profound attention the shape of 4504 04:52:13.840 --> 04:52:17.319 an ancient fragment of blue earthenware which had fallen in 4505 04:52:17.360 --> 04:52:22.400 the grass all at once. She shivered. He had just 4506 04:52:22.439 --> 04:52:25.840 begun to feel the chill of evening. He settled his 4507 04:52:25.919 --> 04:52:29.919 cap more firmly on his brow, sought mechanically to cross 4508 04:52:29.959 --> 04:52:34.080 and button his blouse, advanced a step, and stopped to 4509 04:52:34.119 --> 04:52:38.759 pick up his cudgel. At that moment he caught sight 4510 04:52:38.840 --> 04:52:42.119 of the forty sous piece which his foot had half 4511 04:52:42.319 --> 04:52:46.400 ground into the earth, and which was shining among the pebbles. 4512 04:52:48.040 --> 04:52:51.119 It was as though he had received a galvanic shock. 4513 04:52:52.599 --> 04:52:57.680 What is this, he muttered between his teeth. He recoiled 4514 04:52:57.720 --> 04:53:01.200 three paces, then halted, without being able to detach his 4515 04:53:01.279 --> 04:53:03.720 gaze from the spot which his foot had trodden but 4516 04:53:03.799 --> 04:53:07.080 an instant before, as though the thing which lay glittering 4517 04:53:07.119 --> 04:53:09.840 there in the gloom had been an open eye riveted 4518 04:53:09.919 --> 04:53:14.200 upon him. At the expiration of a few moments, he 4519 04:53:14.319 --> 04:53:17.919 darted convulsively toward the silver coin, seized it, and straightened 4520 04:53:17.959 --> 04:53:21.319 himself up again, and began to gaze afar off over 4521 04:53:21.360 --> 04:53:24.400 the plain, at the same time, casting his eyes towards 4522 04:53:24.439 --> 04:53:27.360 all points of the horizon. As he stood there, erect 4523 04:53:27.560 --> 04:53:33.360 and shivering, like a terrified wild animal which is seeking refuge, 4524 04:53:34.000 --> 04:53:39.119 he saw nothing. Night was falling The plain was cold 4525 04:53:39.119 --> 04:53:43.599 and vague. Great banks of violet haze were rising in 4526 04:53:43.680 --> 04:53:49.560 the gleam of the twilight. He said, ah, and set 4527 04:53:49.599 --> 04:53:52.520 out rapidly in the direction in which the child had disappeared. 4528 04:53:53.759 --> 04:53:58.360 After about thirty paces, he paused, looked about him, and 4529 04:53:58.439 --> 04:54:05.319 saw nothing. Then he shouted with all his might, Little Gervais, 4530 04:54:06.000 --> 04:54:13.840 Little Gervais. He paused and waited. There was no reply. 4531 04:54:15.919 --> 04:54:21.400 The landscape was gloomy and deserted. He was encompassed by space. 4532 04:54:22.240 --> 04:54:24.919 There was nothing around him but an obscurity in which 4533 04:54:24.959 --> 04:54:29.400 his gaze was lost, and a silence which engulfed his voice. 4534 04:54:30.400 --> 04:54:33.360 An icy north wind was blowing and imparted to things 4535 04:54:33.360 --> 04:54:38.959 around him, a sort of lugubrious life. The bushes shook 4536 04:54:39.040 --> 04:54:44.279 their thin little arms with incredible fury. One would have 4537 04:54:44.360 --> 04:54:49.639 said that they were threatening and pursuing some one. He 4538 04:54:49.720 --> 04:54:52.680 set out on his march again. Then he began to run, 4539 04:54:53.080 --> 04:54:55.400 and from time to time he halted and shouted in 4540 04:54:55.439 --> 04:54:58.919 that solitude, with a voice which was the most formidable 4541 04:54:59.439 --> 04:55:02.439 and the most disconsolate, that it was possible to hear 4542 04:55:03.520 --> 04:55:11.759 Little Gervais. Little Gervais assuredly, if the child had heard him, 4543 04:55:12.119 --> 04:55:14.240 he would have been alarmed and would have taken good 4544 04:55:14.360 --> 04:55:17.439 care not to show himself. But the child was, no 4545 04:55:17.479 --> 04:55:23.759 doubt already far away. He encountered a priest on horseback. 4546 04:55:24.639 --> 04:55:28.360 He stepped up to him and said, Monsieur le curee, 4547 04:55:29.720 --> 04:55:35.080 have you seen a child pass No, said the priest, 4548 04:55:35.959 --> 04:55:41.319 one named little Gervais. I have seen no one. He 4549 04:55:41.439 --> 04:55:43.959 drew two five franc pieces from his money bag and 4550 04:55:44.040 --> 04:55:47.959 handed them to the priest. Monsieur le cureye. This is 4551 04:55:47.959 --> 04:55:51.479 for your poor people, Monsieur le couraye. He was a 4552 04:55:51.520 --> 04:55:54.880 little lad, about ten years old, with a marma I think, 4553 04:55:55.720 --> 04:55:58.720 and a hurdy gurdy, one of those savoyards you know. 4554 04:56:00.680 --> 04:56:04.560 I have not seen him, little Gervais. There are no 4555 04:56:04.680 --> 04:56:07.680 villages here. Can you tell me if he is like 4556 04:56:07.720 --> 04:56:10.159 what you say? My friend, he is a little stranger. 4557 04:56:11.639 --> 04:56:15.520 Such persons passed through these parts. We know nothing of them. 4558 04:56:16.400 --> 04:56:19.880 Jean Valjean seized two more coins of five francs each 4559 04:56:19.959 --> 04:56:23.599 with violence, and gave them to the priest for your 4560 04:56:23.639 --> 04:56:30.080 poor he said. Then he added wildly, Monsieur l'abay have 4561 04:56:30.200 --> 04:56:33.560 me arrested. I am a thief. The priest but spurs 4562 04:56:33.639 --> 04:56:37.759 to his horse and fled in haste. Much alarmed, Jean 4563 04:56:37.840 --> 04:56:40.279 Valjean set out in a run in the direction which 4564 04:56:40.279 --> 04:56:44.400 he had first taken. In this way he traversed a 4565 04:56:44.560 --> 04:56:50.720 tolerably long distance, gazing, calling, shouting, but he met no one. 4566 04:56:52.520 --> 04:56:55.200 Two or three times he ran across the plain towards 4567 04:56:55.240 --> 04:56:57.360 something which conveyed to him the effect of a human 4568 04:56:57.400 --> 04:57:02.439 being reclining or crouching down. It turned out to be 4569 04:57:02.520 --> 04:57:05.479 nothing but brushwood or rocks. Nearly on a level with 4570 04:57:05.560 --> 04:57:09.639 the earth at length, at a spot where three paths 4571 04:57:09.680 --> 04:57:15.639 intersected each other, he stopped. The moon had risen. He 4572 04:57:15.759 --> 04:57:18.959 sent his gaze into the distance and shouted for the 4573 04:57:19.040 --> 04:57:30.040 last time, Little Gervais, Little Gervais, Little Gervais. His shout 4574 04:57:30.200 --> 04:57:35.360 died away in the midst without even awaking an echo. 4575 04:57:36.400 --> 04:57:42.560 He murmured yet once more, Little Gervais, but in a 4576 04:57:42.599 --> 04:57:48.119 feeble and almost inarticulate voice. It was his last effort, 4577 04:57:48.919 --> 04:57:52.000 But his legs gave way abruptly under him, as though 4578 04:57:52.000 --> 04:57:55.759 an invisible power had suddenly overwhelmed him with the weight 4579 04:57:55.840 --> 04:58:01.680 of his evil conscience. He fell exhausted on a large stone, 4580 04:58:02.400 --> 04:58:05.799 his fists clenched in his hair, and his face on 4581 04:58:05.919 --> 04:58:12.720 his knees. And he cried, I am a wretch. Then 4582 04:58:12.759 --> 04:58:16.840 his heart burst and he began to cry. It was 4583 04:58:16.880 --> 04:58:22.720 the first time that he had wept in nineteen years. 4584 04:58:23.159 --> 04:58:26.880 When Jean Valjean left the bishop's house, he was, as 4585 04:58:26.919 --> 04:58:31.000 we have seen, quite thrown out of everything that had 4586 04:58:31.040 --> 04:58:35.200 been his thought hitherto. He could not yield to the 4587 04:58:35.200 --> 04:58:38.680 evidence of what was going on within him. He hardened 4588 04:58:38.759 --> 04:58:41.799 himself against the angelic action and the gentle words of 4589 04:58:41.799 --> 04:58:45.799 the old man. You have promised me to become an 4590 04:58:45.799 --> 04:58:51.240 honest man. I buy your soul. I take it away 4591 04:58:51.639 --> 04:58:56.159 from the spirit of perversity. I give it to the 4592 04:58:56.200 --> 04:59:02.599 good God. This recurred to his mind unceasingly. To this 4593 04:59:02.759 --> 04:59:07.240 celestial kindness, he opposed pride, which is the fortress of 4594 04:59:07.360 --> 04:59:12.159 evil within us. He was indistinctly conscious that the pardon 4595 04:59:12.240 --> 04:59:15.560 of this priest was the greatest assault and the most 4596 04:59:15.720 --> 04:59:21.200 formidable attack which had moved him yet, that his obduracy 4597 04:59:21.319 --> 04:59:25.840 was finally settled if he resisted this clemency, that if 4598 04:59:25.880 --> 04:59:29.479 he yielded, he should be obliged to renounce that hatred 4599 04:59:30.319 --> 04:59:33.000 with which the actions of other men had filled his 4600 04:59:33.159 --> 04:59:38.479 soul through so many years, and which pleased him. That 4601 04:59:38.720 --> 04:59:42.520 this time it was necessary to conquer or be conquered, 4602 04:59:43.159 --> 04:59:47.520 And that a struggle, a colossal and final struggle, had 4603 04:59:47.599 --> 04:59:53.720 been begun, between his viciousness and the goodness of that man. 4604 04:59:54.000 --> 04:59:56.840 In the presence of these lights, he proceeded like a 4605 04:59:56.880 --> 05:00:00.880 man who is intoxicated. As as he walked thus with 4606 05:00:00.959 --> 05:00:04.560 haggard eyes, did he have a distinct perception of what 4607 05:00:04.639 --> 05:00:09.040 might result to him from his adventure at d Did 4608 05:00:09.040 --> 05:00:13.240 he understand all those mysterious murmurs which warn or importune 4609 05:00:13.319 --> 05:00:17.479 the spirit at certain moments of life? Did a voice 4610 05:00:17.759 --> 05:00:20.799 whisper in his ear that he had just passed the 4611 05:00:20.880 --> 05:00:24.520 solemn hour of his destiny, That there were no longer 4612 05:00:24.639 --> 05:00:28.680 remaining a middle course for him, That if he were 4613 05:00:28.680 --> 05:00:32.159 not henceforth the best of men, he would be the worst. 4614 05:00:33.439 --> 05:00:36.319 That it behooved him now so to speak, to mount 4615 05:00:36.439 --> 05:00:39.959 higher than the bishop, or fall lower than the convict. 4616 05:00:41.119 --> 05:00:44.639 That if he wished to become good, he must become 4617 05:00:44.680 --> 05:00:49.319 an angel. That if he wished to remain evil, he 4618 05:00:49.400 --> 05:00:56.880 must become a monster. Here again, some questions must be put, 4619 05:00:57.720 --> 05:01:01.720 which we have already put to ourselves elsewhere Did he 4620 05:01:01.840 --> 05:01:05.159 catch some shadow of all this in his thought? In 4621 05:01:05.240 --> 05:01:11.040 a confused way. Misfortune, certainly, as we have said, does 4622 05:01:11.159 --> 05:01:16.400 form the education of the intelligence. Nevertheless, it is doubtful 4623 05:01:16.400 --> 05:01:19.680 whether Jean Valjean was in a condition to disentangle all 4624 05:01:19.759 --> 05:01:24.119 that we have here indicated. If these ideas occurred to him, 4625 05:01:24.880 --> 05:01:28.080 he but caught glimpses of rather than saw them, and 4626 05:01:28.159 --> 05:01:31.200 they only succeeded in throwing him into an unutterable and 4627 05:01:31.240 --> 05:01:35.639 almost painful state of emotion. On emerging from that black 4628 05:01:35.680 --> 05:01:38.959 and deformed thing which is called the galleys, the bishop 4629 05:01:38.959 --> 05:01:42.479 had hurt his soul, as too vivid a light would 4630 05:01:42.479 --> 05:01:46.319 have hurt his eyes. On emerging from the dark. The 4631 05:01:46.360 --> 05:01:50.680 future life, the possible life, which offered itself to him, henceforth, 4632 05:01:51.119 --> 05:01:55.040 all pure and radiant, filled him with tremors and anxiety. 4633 05:01:56.119 --> 05:01:59.240 He no longer knew where he really was, Like an 4634 05:01:59.240 --> 05:02:04.439 owl who should suddenly see the sunrise. The convict had 4635 05:02:04.479 --> 05:02:09.759 been dazzled and blinded, as it were, by virtue. That 4636 05:02:09.880 --> 05:02:13.080 which was certain, that which he did not doubt, was 4637 05:02:13.119 --> 05:02:16.119 that he was no longer the same man, that everything 4638 05:02:16.200 --> 05:02:18.880 about him was changed, that it was no longer in 4639 05:02:18.959 --> 05:02:21.479 his power to make it. As though the Bishop had 4640 05:02:21.479 --> 05:02:26.360 not spoken to him, and had not touched him. In 4641 05:02:26.439 --> 05:02:29.520 this state of mind, he had encountered little Gervais and 4642 05:02:29.599 --> 05:02:34.240 had robbed him of his forty sous. Why he certainly 4643 05:02:34.240 --> 05:02:37.400 could not have explained. It was this the last effect 4644 05:02:37.479 --> 05:02:40.119 and the supreme effort, as it were, of the evil 4645 05:02:40.159 --> 05:02:42.479 thoughts which he had brought away from the galleys, a 4646 05:02:42.520 --> 05:02:45.360 remnant of impulse, a result of what is called in 4647 05:02:45.439 --> 05:02:49.799 static's acquired force. It was that, and it was also 4648 05:02:49.840 --> 05:02:53.840 perhaps even less than that. Let us say it simply. 4649 05:02:54.639 --> 05:02:57.279 It was not he who stole. It was not the man. 4650 05:02:57.840 --> 05:03:01.520 It was the beast, who, by habit and instinct, had 4651 05:03:01.520 --> 05:03:04.840 simply placed his foot upon that money, while the intelligence 4652 05:03:04.880 --> 05:03:08.799 was struggling amid so many novel and hitherto unheard of 4653 05:03:08.880 --> 05:03:15.639 thoughts besetting it. When intelligence reawakened and beheld that action 4654 05:03:15.759 --> 05:03:19.799 of the brute Jean Valjean recoiled with anguish and uttered 4655 05:03:19.799 --> 05:03:26.240 a cry of terror. It was because strange phenomenon, and 4656 05:03:26.319 --> 05:03:28.959 one which was possible only in the situation in which 4657 05:03:28.959 --> 05:03:33.040 he found himself. In stealing that money from that child, 4658 05:03:33.080 --> 05:03:35.159 he had done a thing of which he was no 4659 05:03:35.200 --> 05:03:40.279 longer capable. However that may be, this last evil action 4660 05:03:40.400 --> 05:03:44.159 had a decisive effect on him. It abruptly traversed that 4661 05:03:44.360 --> 05:03:47.040 chaos which he bore in his mind, and dispersed it, 4662 05:03:47.400 --> 05:03:50.680 placed on one side thick obscurity and on the other 4663 05:03:50.959 --> 05:03:55.080 the light, and acted on his soul in the state 4664 05:03:55.599 --> 05:03:59.279 in which it then was, as certain chemical reagents act 4665 05:03:59.560 --> 05:04:02.799 upon a t troubled mixture by precipitating one element in 4666 05:04:02.880 --> 05:04:08.599 clarifying the other first of all, even before examining himself 4667 05:04:08.639 --> 05:04:13.119 and reflecting all bewildered, Like one who seeks to save himself, 4668 05:04:13.840 --> 05:04:15.880 he tried to find the child in order to return 4669 05:04:15.919 --> 05:04:19.279 his money to him. Then, when he recognized the fact 4670 05:04:19.520 --> 05:04:24.279 that this was impossible, he halted in despair. At that 4671 05:04:24.479 --> 05:04:28.720 moment when he exclaimed, I am a wretch, he had 4672 05:04:28.959 --> 05:04:32.759 just perceived what he was, and he was already separated 4673 05:04:32.799 --> 05:04:35.520 from himself to such a degree that he seemed to 4674 05:04:35.639 --> 05:04:38.279 himself to be no longer anything more than a phantom, 4675 05:04:39.400 --> 05:04:42.680 as if he had therefore before him in flesh and blood. 4676 05:04:43.240 --> 05:04:48.360 The hideous Galley convict Jean Valjean Cudgel in hand, his 4677 05:04:48.479 --> 05:04:53.400 blouse on his hips, his knapsack filled with stolen objects, 4678 05:04:53.400 --> 05:04:57.759 on his back, with his resolute and gloomy visage, if 4679 05:04:57.840 --> 05:05:03.959 his thoughts filled with abominable project excess of unhappiness, had, 4680 05:05:04.439 --> 05:05:07.040 as we have remarked, made him in some sort of 4681 05:05:07.080 --> 05:05:12.479 a visionary. This, then, was in the nature of a vision. 4682 05:05:13.720 --> 05:05:18.200 He actually saw that Jean Valjean, that sinister face before him. 4683 05:05:19.919 --> 05:05:22.240 He had almost reached the point of asking himself who 4684 05:05:22.279 --> 05:05:26.680 that man was, and he was horrified by him. His 4685 05:05:26.759 --> 05:05:29.520 brain was going through one of those violent and yet 4686 05:05:29.560 --> 05:05:33.479 perfectly calm moments in which revery is so profound that 4687 05:05:33.520 --> 05:05:38.360 it absorbs reality. One no longer beholds the object which 4688 05:05:38.400 --> 05:05:42.080 one has before one, and one sees, as though apart 4689 05:05:42.119 --> 05:05:45.200 from one's self, the figures which one has in one's 4690 05:05:45.200 --> 05:05:50.400 own mind. Thus he contemplated himself, so to speak, face 4691 05:05:50.479 --> 05:05:55.000 to face, and at the same time, athwart this hallucination, 4692 05:05:55.639 --> 05:05:59.360 he perceived in a mysterious depth a sort of light, 4693 05:05:59.560 --> 05:06:04.240 which he at first took for a torch. On scrutinizing 4694 05:06:04.240 --> 05:06:06.479 this light, which appeared to his conscience, with more attention, 4695 05:06:06.799 --> 05:06:10.240 he recognized the fact that it possessed a human form, 4696 05:06:10.599 --> 05:06:16.840 and that this torch was the Bishop. His conscience weighed 4697 05:06:16.840 --> 05:06:20.479 in turn. These two men thus placed before it, the 4698 05:06:20.520 --> 05:06:25.919 Bishop and Jean Valjean, nothing less than the first was 4699 05:06:26.000 --> 05:06:30.319 required to soften the second by one of those singular 4700 05:06:30.360 --> 05:06:35.599 effects which are peculiar to this sort of ecstasies in proportion. 4701 05:06:36.639 --> 05:06:40.680 As his reverie continued, as the Bishop grew great and 4702 05:06:40.799 --> 05:06:45.639 resplendent in his eyes, so did Jean Valjean grow less 4703 05:06:46.279 --> 05:06:51.919 and vanish. After a certain time, he was no longer 4704 05:06:52.040 --> 05:06:56.919 anything more than a shade. All at once he disappeared. 4705 05:06:58.840 --> 05:07:03.080 The Bishop alone remained. He filled the whole soul of 4706 05:07:03.159 --> 05:07:10.599 this wretched man with a magnificent radiance. Jean Valjean wept 4707 05:07:10.919 --> 05:07:17.119 for a long time. He wept, burning tears. He sobbed 4708 05:07:17.159 --> 05:07:21.119 with more weakness than a woman, with more fright than 4709 05:07:21.200 --> 05:07:26.439 a child. As he wept, daylight penetrated more and more 4710 05:07:26.479 --> 05:07:31.880 clearly into his soul, an extraordinary light, a light at 4711 05:07:31.880 --> 05:07:37.599 once ravishing and terrible. His past life, his first fault, 4712 05:07:37.919 --> 05:07:45.159 his long expiation, his external brutishness, his internal hardness, his 4713 05:07:45.279 --> 05:07:51.639 dismissal to liberty, rejoicing in manifold plans of vengeance. What 4714 05:07:51.759 --> 05:07:55.240 had happened to him at the Bishop's The last thing 4715 05:07:55.279 --> 05:07:58.479 that he had done, that theft of forty sous from 4716 05:07:58.479 --> 05:08:03.720 a child, a crime all the more cowardly, and all 4717 05:08:03.799 --> 05:08:07.119 the more monstrous, since it had come after the bishop's pardon. 4718 05:08:08.959 --> 05:08:12.319 All this recurred to his mind and appeared clearly to him, 4719 05:08:12.799 --> 05:08:16.200 but with a clearness which he had never hitherto witnessed. 4720 05:08:17.240 --> 05:08:21.759 He examined his life, and it seemed horrible to him, 4721 05:08:22.479 --> 05:08:27.520 his soul, and it seemed frightful to him. In the meantime, 4722 05:08:28.200 --> 05:08:32.759 a gentle light rested over this life and this soul. 4723 05:08:34.159 --> 05:08:39.360 It seemed to him that he had beheld satan by 4724 05:08:39.360 --> 05:08:46.200 the light of paradise. How many hours did he weep? Thus? 4725 05:08:46.759 --> 05:08:50.439 What did he do after he wept? Whither did he go? 4726 05:08:51.759 --> 05:08:55.279 No one ever knew. The only thing which seems to 4727 05:08:55.360 --> 05:08:59.799 be authenticated is that that same night the carrier who 4728 05:08:59.799 --> 05:09:04.439 served Grenoble at that epoch, who arrived at d about 4729 05:09:04.479 --> 05:09:09.000 three o'clock in the morning, saw, as he traversed the 4730 05:09:09.040 --> 05:09:14.040 street in which the bishop's residence was situated, a man 4731 05:09:14.639 --> 05:09:19.159 in the attitude of prayer, kneeling on that pavement in 4732 05:09:19.240 --> 05:09:24.959 the shadow in front of the door of Monseigneur Welcome. 4733 05:09:26.799 --> 05:09:27.360 End of book