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<v Speaker 1>Okay, let's unpack this, let's do it. Our mission today

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<v Speaker 1>is a deep dive into extended reality XR. We're focusing

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<v Speaker 1>specifically on how user experience design. You know, UX is

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<v Speaker 1>tackling some of the industry's biggest hurdles.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, they're really tough stuff like adoption.

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<v Speaker 1>Problems exactly, everything from the physical reaction, the motion sickness,

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<v Speaker 1>right to the trickier cultural side like social acceptance. Basically,

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<v Speaker 1>UX designers are kind of writing the rule book for

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<v Speaker 1>this new spatial computing world.

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<v Speaker 2>That's a great way to put it. They're defining the interactions,

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<v Speaker 2>and our sources really map this out. If you look

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<v Speaker 2>back that decade twenty ten to twenty twenty, that's when

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<v Speaker 2>modern XR really started to take shape for consumers. But

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<v Speaker 2>now now we're entering what Tim cook Over at Apple

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<v Speaker 2>called the spatial computing.

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<v Speaker 1>Era, right, I remember that quote. His prediction was pretty.

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<v Speaker 2>Bold, was Oh yeah, he said, augmented reality AR will

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<v Speaker 2>basically pervade our entire lives, like within the next five

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<v Speaker 2>to ten years.

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<v Speaker 1>Wow. And for that to happen, the tech needs to

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<v Speaker 1>feel well, in visible.

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<v Speaker 2>Effortless, which brings us right back to UX. It has

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<v Speaker 2>to be seamless.

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<v Speaker 1>It's funny, you know, thinking back the actual job title

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<v Speaker 1>UX designer, it barely existed before what two thousand and nine.

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<v Speaker 2>It really didn't. It was niche. But then Apple they

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<v Speaker 2>went all in on UX for the iPhone, almost obsessively.

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<v Speaker 1>And that kind of proved its value, right, showed everyone

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<v Speaker 1>else how critical it was totally.

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<v Speaker 2>It demonstrated that amazing user experience could be this massive

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<v Speaker 2>competitive edge. I mean, look what it did for them,

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<v Speaker 2>helped make them the most valuable public company out there.

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<v Speaker 1>And it's not just about pretty icons on a screen.

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<v Speaker 1>The design guru Don Norman pointed this out. UX is

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<v Speaker 1>holistic exactly.

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<v Speaker 2>It covers all the ways a user interacts with a company,

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<v Speaker 2>its products, its services, everything.

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<v Speaker 1>That definition feels even more important when we move from

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<v Speaker 1>flat screens into well three D space.

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<v Speaker 2>Oh absolutely, because it stops being just about the software design,

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<v Speaker 2>and so it's being about designing the entire human experience

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<v Speaker 2>within them, like digital layer on reality.

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<v Speaker 1>So for you listening, the context shift here is key.

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<v Speaker 1>We're still designing for these flat rectangles, right, laptops.

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<v Speaker 2>Phones, Yeah, predictable frames.

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<v Speaker 1>But now we're designing for potentially infinite three dimensional space.

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<v Speaker 1>It demands a completely new playbook.

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<v Speaker 2>It's a huge leap. Designers were comfortable in those frames.

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<v Speaker 2>Horizontal monitor, vertical phone screen.

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<v Speaker 1>XR just shatters that and introduces all these new ways

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<v Speaker 1>to interact.

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<v Speaker 2>Spatial interaction, physical gestures, voice commands. These become the core elements.

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<v Speaker 1>And remember responsive design making things look good on different

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<v Speaker 1>screen sizes. That nightmare just got way worse than three D.

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<v Speaker 2>Oh, it scales up massively. Our sources highlight a really

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<v Speaker 2>specific tricky detail here about consistency.

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<v Speaker 1>What's the issue.

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<v Speaker 2>Well, it comes down to applying that old two D

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<v Speaker 2>thinking to a spatial problem. Imagine tapping an AR object

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<v Speaker 2>on your tablet Okay, a little menu pops up, maybe

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<v Speaker 2>floats near the object on the screen. Fine, no problem

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<v Speaker 2>on a handheld display. But take that exact same UI

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<v Speaker 2>floating the same relative distance and put it in ar glasses.

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<v Speaker 1>Ah, Suddenly it's right in your face exactly.

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<v Speaker 2>It has a devastating effect. As one source put it,

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<v Speaker 2>it's not just slightly annoying, it's physically disruptive.

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<v Speaker 1>Because with the glasses, the stereoscopic display makes it feel

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<v Speaker 1>like it's maybe a foot away blocking your view.

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<v Speaker 2>Precisely, it can completely obscure what you're trying to look at,

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<v Speaker 2>maybe even make your eyes strain or cross trying to focus.

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<v Speaker 2>The design has to account for that huge perceptual difference.

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<v Speaker 2>Focal distance becomes critical.

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<v Speaker 1>It really shows the stakes. Bad UX and XR isn't

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<v Speaker 1>just inconvenient yea, it can kill adoption entirely. And we

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<v Speaker 1>saw a perfect example of this, not really a technical

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<v Speaker 1>failure but more cultural Google Glass back in twenty thirteen.

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<v Speaker 2>Oh Google Glass textbook case as sociocultural disaster.

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<v Speaker 1>Really the tech worked more or less.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, it was functional, but the market just rejected it hard.

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<v Speaker 2>And it wasn't about the processor speed or the display qualities.

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<v Speaker 1>It's a camera.

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<v Speaker 2>It was almost entirely driven by privacy concerns that always

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<v Speaker 2>on outward facing camera.

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<v Speaker 1>People just felt weird about it, like they were being

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<v Speaker 1>recorded without knowing exactly.

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<v Speaker 2>It created this palpable social awkwardness for the person wearing

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<v Speaker 2>it and for everyone around them.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, you didn't want to be that person, right.

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<v Speaker 2>So Google Glass taught the industry a huge, expensive lesson.

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<v Speaker 2>An AR device has got to be socially acceptable. You

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<v Speaker 2>need to be able to wear it in public without

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<v Speaker 2>freaking people out.

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<v Speaker 1>So you excess to think about the whole social context now,

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<v Speaker 1>not just the.

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<v Speaker 2>Wearer exactly you're designing for the wearer, their immediate environment,

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<v Speaker 2>and how other people perceive the device and interaction. It's

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<v Speaker 2>much broader.

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<v Speaker 1>Okay, So AR had that big social hurdle. Virtual reality

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<v Speaker 1>VR had more of a physiological one, sometimes quite literally,

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<v Speaker 1>like that roller coaster.

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<v Speaker 2>Dem oh the VR roller coaster.

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<v Speaker 1>Yes, I remember trying that on one of the early

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<v Speaker 1>Oculis DevKits. Wow. I think I lasted maybe thirty seconds,

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<v Speaker 1>had to tear it off you.

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<v Speaker 2>And many others. That demo really captured the core problem

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<v Speaker 2>simulation sickness.

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<v Speaker 1>Or motion sickness. Basically.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, early VR back in the nineties kind of failed

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<v Speaker 2>partly because it focused on the novelty, the wow factor

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<v Speaker 2>over actual usability. And even now the stats are pretty sobering.

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<v Speaker 1>What are they?

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<v Speaker 2>Something like twenty five to forty percent of first time

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<v Speaker 2>VR users get hit with simulation sickness initially.

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<v Speaker 1>That's huge, a massive barrier if you want mainstream adoption totally.

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<v Speaker 1>So when did things start to click? When did the

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<v Speaker 1>industry figure out how to make VR usable less nauseating?

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<v Speaker 2>Well, the big moment, the kind of iPhone moment for

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<v Speaker 2>VR is widely considered to be the Oculus Quest in

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<v Speaker 2>twenty nineteen.

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<v Speaker 1>Okay, the Quest. What made it different?

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<v Speaker 2>Its success was almost entirely down to a really strong

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<v Speaker 2>UX focus, user centric design. It was the first genuinely

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<v Speaker 2>consumer friendly VR solution standalone, easy to set up, and crucially,

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<v Speaker 2>it brought six degrees of freedom or SIXTYF to the

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<v Speaker 2>mainstream wireless experience.

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<v Speaker 1>Right sixty of. Let's quickly unpack that. It's key jargon.

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<v Speaker 2>Okay, simply put three degrees of freedom three DF. That's

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<v Speaker 2>like older mobile VR. You can look around up, down, left, right,

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<v Speaker 2>tilt your head, pitch y'aw.

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<v Speaker 1>Role, but you can't move your body through the space.

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<v Speaker 2>Exactly sixty of, which the Quest nailed adds movement tracking.

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<v Speaker 2>You can physically walk around forward, backwards, side to side,

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<v Speaker 2>even crouch up down. Your real body movement translates into

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<v Speaker 2>the virtual.

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<v Speaker 1>World, and being untethered wireless made that possible without tripping

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<v Speaker 1>over cables.

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<v Speaker 2>That untethered room scale movement was just transformative for immersion

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<v Speaker 2>and presence.

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<v Speaker 1>And that setup process, drawing the Guardian play area, that

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<v Speaker 1>blue grid that felt like really smart.

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<v Speaker 2>UX absolutely super intuitive. It made people feel safe moving

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<v Speaker 2>around in this new sixty UF world without you know,

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<v Speaker 2>smashing into their coffee table.

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<v Speaker 1>So it was safety easy onboarding, nice aesthetics. All Ux

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<v Speaker 1>wins all Ux.

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<v Speaker 2>But if you want the absolute gold standard for VR

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<v Speaker 2>usability in a real game, you have to look at

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<v Speaker 2>Bals Half Life. Alex came out in twenty twenty.

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<v Speaker 1>Alex heard amazing things. It really showed that you need

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<v Speaker 1>solid usability first before anything else can really land completely.

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<v Speaker 2>Graphics, story, mechanics, they all rely on the foundation of comfortable,

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<v Speaker 2>intuitive interaction, and Alex tackled the biggest usability problem head

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<v Speaker 2>on simulation sickness.

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<v Speaker 1>How did they crack it? What was the game changer

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<v Speaker 1>for locomotion?

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<v Speaker 2>The genius was realizing there wasn't one solution. The key

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<v Speaker 2>was giving the user options. They didn't force everyone into

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<v Speaker 2>a single movement style.

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<v Speaker 1>Because different people react differently to VR E motion exactly.

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<v Speaker 2>Some people get sick easily, others develop their VR legs

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<v Speaker 2>and want full control, so Alex catered to both.

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<v Speaker 1>How did they integrate that perfectly?

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<v Speaker 2>First, they offered teleportation style movement. You just point where

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<v Speaker 2>you want to go, click and instantly blink there.

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<v Speaker 1>Which avoids that mismatch between what your I see and

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<v Speaker 1>your inner ear feels no.

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<v Speaker 2>Sickness, right, But for the experienced players, they also offered

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<v Speaker 2>smooth locomotion that's the continuous movement using the thumbstick like

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<v Speaker 2>traditional games, So.

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<v Speaker 1>You choose what works for you. The UX solution was

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<v Speaker 1>accessibility essentially.

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<v Speaker 2>Precisely, it wasn't about finding one magic bullet. It was

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<v Speaker 2>about acknowledging user diversity and providing choices smart.

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<v Speaker 1>And they tackled orientation too, right, turning around.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, because if you're playing seated or just don't want

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<v Speaker 2>to physically spin one hundred and eighty degrees, smooth turning

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<v Speaker 2>with a stick can be really jarring and disorienting.

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<v Speaker 1>So that's where snap rotation came in.

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<v Speaker 2>Yes, Alex really popularized this. You can set it so

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<v Speaker 2>tapping the stick rotates your view instantly and set increments

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<v Speaker 2>like fifteen, thirty, forty five up to ninety degrees so.

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<v Speaker 1>You can quickly reorient without that dizzy and continuous spin

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<v Speaker 1>make seeded play comfortable exactly.

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<v Speaker 2>These seemingly small, granular choices about movement and rotation, they're

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<v Speaker 2>what took VR from a tech demo curiosity to something

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<v Speaker 2>people could actually use and enjoy for hours. It elevated

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<v Speaker 2>the whole platform.

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<v Speaker 1>Okay, so key hurdles like locomotion and orientation have been

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<v Speaker 1>largely solved through smart Ux. Now we need designers to

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<v Speaker 1>actually build all these new spatial experiences.

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<v Speaker 2>Right, and designing for XR is just inherently more complex

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<v Speaker 2>than mobile or web.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, you can't just use Figma and call it a day.

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<v Speaker 2>Not really. It often requires knowledge of three D modeling software.

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<v Speaker 2>Game engines like Unity are unreal, and our sources point

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<v Speaker 2>out that the communication, the handoff between the designer and

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<v Speaker 2>the developer, it's much blurrier than the clear processes we

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<v Speaker 2>have for our, say, mobile apps.

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<v Speaker 1>So managing that complexity requires new approaches, new ways of thinking.

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<v Speaker 2>Definitely, and designers are adopting new philosophies and toolkits. One

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<v Speaker 2>philosophy that fits spatial computing almost perfectly is object oriented

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<v Speaker 2>UX or ooux ooux.

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<v Speaker 1>Why does that fit so well?

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<v Speaker 2>Because spatial computing is fundamentally object oriented. Everything you see

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<v Speaker 2>and interact with is well an object in three D space? Okay,

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<v Speaker 2>So ooux shifts the design focus instead of starting with

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<v Speaker 2>user flows or screens, the verbs the.

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<v Speaker 1>Action like open file ors, save project.

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<v Speaker 2>Right OUX starts by identifying the core objects the nouns

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<v Speaker 2>things you find during user res search, like a document,

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<v Speaker 2>a contact, a product, an avatar.

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<v Speaker 1>So you focus on the document itself first before figuring

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<v Speaker 1>out all the things you can do with it. How

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<v Speaker 1>does that help?

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<v Speaker 2>It creates a system that's inherently modular and much easier

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<v Speaker 2>to scale. If you define the object first, its properties,

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<v Speaker 2>its behaviors, it's relationships to other objects, you define it consistently.

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<v Speaker 1>Ah So in a spatial world where that document might

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<v Speaker 1>show up on a virtual desk, or as a tiny

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<v Speaker 1>icon on an ar notification or projected onto.

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<v Speaker 2>A wall, exactly defining the object ensures its appearance and

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<v Speaker 2>core functions stay consistent across all those wildly different contexts.

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<v Speaker 2>It avoids redesigning the same thing over and over.

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<v Speaker 1>That modularity makes so much sense when you're not stuck

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<v Speaker 1>on a flat page anymore. Okay, And since building happens

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<v Speaker 1>in game engines, designers need tools to speed things up.

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<v Speaker 2>Frameworks, Yes, frameworks and two kits are crucial for rapid prototyping.

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<v Speaker 2>Microsoft's Mixed Reality Toolkit MRTK is a prime.

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<v Speaker 1>Example, often used with their HoloLens.

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<v Speaker 2>Right especially Hollins too. MRTK is fascinating because it's really

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<v Speaker 2>exploring the future of spatial interaction. It heavily supports direct

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<v Speaker 2>hand tracking.

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<v Speaker 1>So using your actual hands, no controllers needed.

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<v Speaker 2>Right, And it uses interaction metaphors that feel natural because

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<v Speaker 2>they mimic the real world grabbing, pushing, pulling, even throwing

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<v Speaker 2>virtual objects, but with added digital affordances.

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<v Speaker 1>And it's not just about function. They focus on making

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<v Speaker 1>it feel good. The sources mentioned delightful.

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<v Speaker 2>Interaction, Yes, moving beyond just making it usable to making

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<v Speaker 2>it emotionally engaging. MRTK has modules for things like elastic

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<v Speaker 2>interaction plastic like bounce Yeah, think bouncy physics based anomations.

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<v Speaker 2>When a menu pops up instead of just appearing instantly

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<v Speaker 2>like a harsh two D panel, it might sort of

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<v Speaker 2>spring into place with a little overshoot and bounce. Huh.

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<v Speaker 1>That sounds subtle, but I can see how it would

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<v Speaker 1>feel more organic, less jarring.

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<v Speaker 2>It adds a bit of forgiveness, maybe even fun, like

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<v Speaker 2>a playful little signal or Another example is their pressible

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<v Speaker 2>three D wireframe button. Okay, it's a virtual button that

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<v Speaker 2>visibly squishes or deforms when you push it. With your

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<v Speaker 2>virtual finger, and it often gives haptic feedback if you're

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<v Speaker 2>using controllers. It adds this tactile satisfaction.

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<v Speaker 1>Making digital interactions feel more physical and playful.

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<v Speaker 2>Exactly, it's about adding that layer of polish and fun

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<v Speaker 2>that's crucial for keeping people engaged in these immersive worlds,

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<v Speaker 2>moving beyond just basic task completion.

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<v Speaker 1>Okay, so let's pull this all together look ahead a bit.

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<v Speaker 1>It really sounds like UX design isn't just like a

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<v Speaker 1>nice to have for spatial computing. It's fundamental the activator.

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<v Speaker 2>As one source put it, it really is the activator

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<v Speaker 2>because good UX solves that core problem of user retention.

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<v Speaker 2>People won't stick with confusing, uncomfortable, or nauseating technology. UAX

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<v Speaker 2>applies these proven principles from gaming from e commerce to

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<v Speaker 2>make this emerging tech actually usable and desirable.

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<v Speaker 1>And you mentioned delightful interaction. It's partner seems to be gamification,

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<v Speaker 1>especially for getting new users comfortable.

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<v Speaker 2>Absolutelyification using game mechanics like points, badges, progress bars in

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<v Speaker 2>non game context is essential for XR onboarding.

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<v Speaker 1>Why specifically for XR.

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<v Speaker 2>Because the tech is still unfamiliar to many. Interacting with

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<v Speaker 2>your hands in empty air using voice commands. It can

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<v Speaker 2>feel awkward or intimidating at first. Users might feel anxious

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<v Speaker 2>unsure what to do.

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<v Speaker 1>So gamification helps guide them.

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<v Speaker 2>It acts like an invisible helping hand. It directs attention,

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<v Speaker 2>lowers the cognitive load, and provides reassurance. Can you give

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<v Speaker 2>an example, Think about apps like Oculus Zone first Steps.

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<v Speaker 2>It doesn't just dump you in VR. It guides you

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<v Speaker 2>through simple fun activities, catching virtual blocks, shooting paper airplanes,

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<v Speaker 2>dancing with a robot.

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<v Speaker 1>Right with little rewards and clear feedback.

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<v Speaker 2>Exactly, That positive reinforcement loop helps users overcome any initial anxiety,

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<v Speaker 2>builds confidence, and make sure that first experience is positive.

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<v Speaker 2>It helps turn that potential forty percent drop off from

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<v Speaker 2>simulation sickness into engaged long term users.

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<v Speaker 1>Okay, but as XR becomes more widespread, more immersive, we

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<v Speaker 1>need to think beyond just engagement and usability. Right there

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<v Speaker 1>are new risks.

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<v Speaker 2>Definitely deeper immersion brings potential downsides, addiction, health concerns, safety

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<v Speaker 2>issues if you're not aware of your physical surroundings.

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<v Speaker 1>Which leads to this idea of mindful design.

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<v Speaker 2>Yes, a necessary focus on responsible design choices things like

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<v Speaker 2>being extremely transparent about data collection and privacy, especially with

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<v Speaker 2>all the complex geospatial data needed for the persistent AR cloud,

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<v Speaker 2>users need to know what's being tracked.

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<v Speaker 1>And also building in features for the user's well being,

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<v Speaker 1>like we see now with screen time limits on phones.

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<v Speaker 2>Precisely, mindful design means offering digital well being tools, letting

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<v Speaker 2>users easily set usage limits, take breaks, control notifications, giving

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<v Speaker 2>them agency over how and when they engage with these

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<v Speaker 2>powerful immersive environments.

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<v Speaker 1>So UX designers have this added layer of ethical responsibility now.

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<v Speaker 2>They really do mitigating the potential harms of a medium

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<v Speaker 2>that is, by its very nature designed to capture and

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<v Speaker 2>hold our attention.

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<v Speaker 1>That ethical to make is huge. And speaking of future impacts,

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<v Speaker 1>our sources surface this really provocative idea about where AR

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<v Speaker 1>might take our economy, something with potentially massive consequences.

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<v Speaker 2>Ah, yes, the AR reskinning economy. It's a fascinating concept.

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<v Speaker 1>What's the core idea?

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<v Speaker 2>It suggests that maybe, just maybe we can redirect some

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<v Speaker 2>of our human impulse for compulsive shopping for acquiring new

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<v Speaker 2>things towards digital goods instead of physical ones. And if

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<v Speaker 2>we do that, maybe we can significantly cut down on

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<v Speaker 2>resource consumption, waste shipping or whole carbon footprint.

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<v Speaker 1>WHOA, So instead of buying a new thing, yeah, you

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<v Speaker 1>buy a digital look for an existing thing.

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<v Speaker 2>That's the idea. Imagine like, you have an old, ugly

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<v Speaker 2>dresser you hate. Instead of throwing it out and buying

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<v Speaker 2>a new one involving wood manufacturing shipping right, you just

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<v Speaker 2>buy a digital AR skin for it. Through your AR glasses,

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<v Speaker 2>that ugly dresser looks like a beautiful antique cabinet, perfectly mapped, photorealistic.

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<v Speaker 2>Maybe only you see it, or maybe you can share

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<v Speaker 2>that view with others wearing glasses.

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<v Speaker 1>Huh. The physical object doesn't change, but your perception, your

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<v Speaker 1>stetic satisfaction does exactly.

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<v Speaker 2>The desire for novelty or a different look is fulfilled.

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<v Speaker 2>An economic transaction might happen buying the skin, but no

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<v Speaker 2>trees were cut down, no factories fired up, no container

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<v Speaker 2>ships crossed the ocean for that specific satisfaction.

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<v Speaker 1>The implications are wow profound. Selling digital AR skins for

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<v Speaker 1>our physical world.

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<v Speaker 2>It raises fundamental questions, doesn't it? Can we actually decouple

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<v Speaker 2>that feeling of newness and consumer satisfaction from physical production

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<v Speaker 2>and waste?

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<v Speaker 1>Can a digital appearance be convincing enough, satisfying enough to

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<v Speaker 1>replace the urge for a physical.

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<v Speaker 2>Object if the digital overlay looks perfect and it provides

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<v Speaker 2>that same dopamine hit of having something new and beautiful.

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<v Speaker 2>Have we essentially bought a new item without the environmental cost.

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<v Speaker 2>That's the really fascinating, maybe even world changing question for

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<v Speaker 2>you to think about as UX continues to shape this

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<v Speaker 2>next era of computing