Speaker 1: The Earth is the pale blue dot, a precious planet
Speaker 1: in enterpse stellar space. Opinion has caused more trouble on
Speaker 1: this little Earth than plagues or earthquakes. A quote from
Speaker 1: the philosopher Voltaire thirty three minutes after the hour in
Speaker 1: our theater to mine and on stage, doctor Christian Christine Gulay.
Speaker 1: She is the director of the center. Director that is
Speaker 1: for the Earthquake Science Center of the US Geological Survey.
Speaker 1: Go to the website USGS dot. God, doctor, thank you
Speaker 1: for being with us. This is awesome because so many people,
Speaker 1: I'm sure, have questions about the unknown, what's going on
Speaker 1: here on the Earth. Let me throw this out there
Speaker 1: because I think this is interesting. I've read that there's
Speaker 1: no possibility of having a ten plus earthquake due to
Speaker 1: the fact that the fault length would have to be
Speaker 1: at least this what nearly stretched the entire planet. Is
Speaker 1: that true? You cannot have earthquakes.
Speaker 2: In the ten Yes, And that's the question I used
Speaker 2: to ask in my mid term exam them on straight
Speaker 2: why a magnitude ten is not possible? You are absolutely correct,
Speaker 2: and I think that's a good time ting to mention magnitude.
Speaker 2: People still use the term rictor magnitude, and the rictor
Speaker 2: magnitude was developed in the thirties was very useful, but
Speaker 2: has its limitations, and we don't use that type of
Speaker 2: magnitude anymore because basically it cannot characterize any earthquake above
Speaker 2: six point five or so it's saturated, it doesn't so
Speaker 2: we simply use the term magnitude sometimes moments magnitude. I
Speaker 2: just wanted to throw that out there because you're the
Speaker 2: fact that the lights. If you describe that, it would
Speaker 2: literally a ninety ten would need to basically rupture the
Speaker 2: whole earth to be impossible. But I well, all half,
Speaker 2: all half, then well if half of it is broken,
Speaker 2: that's that's a very good point. I'm glad you found that.
Speaker 2: But doctors, guy, I want to resk it something your
Speaker 2: first scholar asked if New York City is prepared and
Speaker 2: I don't know the details. I'm blundy, you're not female,
Speaker 2: You're not female, No, exactly. At the same time, it's
Speaker 2: a big city to deal with other disasters, so I'm
Speaker 2: sure they have a preparedness level there.
Speaker 1: For Well, we hope, so, doctor, we hope.
Speaker 3: So.
Speaker 1: But later in the show, I want to get into
Speaker 1: another area of expertise, and that talks about in the
Speaker 1: simplistic way. We'll save it for later if you don't
Speaker 1: mind about building constructing buildings and how to at least
Speaker 1: want put them up to special code as best as
Speaker 1: we can in areas that obviously could drop them, you know,
Speaker 1: like a ton of rocks. And that's a fascinating story.
Speaker 1: But you know what, doctor, this theater of the mind
Speaker 1: is getting very very popular because you're on the air
Speaker 1: with this. Let's go to line number one. We have Gary,
Speaker 1: he's been patient in Arizona. You're on with doctor Goulay.
Speaker 4: How are you, Gary, And good evening, Doctor Sky and
Speaker 4: doctor Goulay. My question is really not specifically about earthquakes,
Speaker 4: but it breaches reaches out brought more broadly to your
Speaker 4: interest in natural disasters. So it has been said that
Speaker 4: the United States has more natural disasters and any all
Speaker 4: the countries combined around the globe. So I'd like to
Speaker 4: know what your thoughts are about that interesting.
Speaker 1: That's a different twist on a subject that we're talking about,
Speaker 1: but it kind of relates to it. So Doctor, that's
Speaker 1: pretty pretty interesting what Gary's talking about.
Speaker 2: Yeah, it's very interesting. I have a checked to all
Speaker 2: the natural disasters and how you define them. I think
Speaker 2: that when I think about all those natural disasters. Of
Speaker 2: course equakes is my focus, but all of them. But
Speaker 2: the most important thing I think for people is know
Speaker 2: what you can do to prepare for them. Right for earthquakes. Sure,
Speaker 2: we know to prepare in places where it shakes more often.
Speaker 2: We have earthquake kids and all that. But even in
Speaker 2: New York, if you're there, if you're in Michigan, if
Speaker 2: you're anywhere in the US and the earth starts shaking,
Speaker 2: do you know what to do? What can you do
Speaker 2: to prepare?
Speaker 1: But no, I'll be honest, there is I could give
Speaker 1: a litany of things here, but I'd rather hear what
Speaker 1: you have to say because you know, let's put it
Speaker 1: this way, food, water, you have to have an escape
Speaker 1: or go bag. You need to have something and may
Speaker 1: not necessarily mean that you're able to drive somewhere because
Speaker 1: imagine that disaster. I mean, what else would you say
Speaker 1: to this audience? Gary brings up something very powerful? I mean,
Speaker 1: preparation is the name of the game.
Speaker 2: The most important thing. If you start, if you feel
Speaker 2: shaking and or you feel something you don't know what
Speaker 2: it is it is and it's shaking. The first thing
Speaker 2: is to protect yourself. Go load to the ground. The
Speaker 2: tagline is drop, cover and hold on. Low to the ground,
Speaker 2: so you don't like fall over and saw on. So
Speaker 2: you drop on your knees if you can. Ideally you
Speaker 2: go under a sturdy table. So you drop, you cover,
Speaker 2: you cover yourself. You hold on to your leg of
Speaker 2: the table. There's no table around. Drop in the corner
Speaker 2: of the room. Put your hands behind your neck and
Speaker 2: protect your neck. Most people will get hurt by falling
Speaker 2: objects and so on. Sometimes people want to run out
Speaker 2: of the building. Sure by running out, your trip, your fall.
Speaker 2: If it's a large earthquake, it's going to make you
Speaker 2: stumble and then and then you hurt yourself and objects fall.
Speaker 2: So if there's one thing people can learn, the thing
Speaker 2: is that when an earthquake happens, it's so sudden, it's
Speaker 2: so violent, it's so distressing that people panic and they
Speaker 2: don't know what to do. If you think about it,
Speaker 2: the first thing is drop, cover and hold off.
Speaker 1: And well, you know, doctor that not to be on
Speaker 1: the side. But it's interesting. During the Cold War, we
Speaker 1: were told in the event of the nuclear attack, tuck
Speaker 1: and cover. That's a whole differ story. Gary. If you're
Speaker 1: still with us, you get an opportunity to respond back.
Speaker 1: If you're still there, go ahead.
Speaker 5: Yeah.
Speaker 4: I think in regarding natural distastors in Gerald today we're
Speaker 4: hearing a heightened alerts and more reports about earthquakes, particularly
Speaker 4: in California now, so there seems to be an increase
Speaker 4: in activity over there, seismic activity. I could say that
Speaker 4: seems to be a concern for a lot of people
Speaker 4: on the West coast.
Speaker 1: Absolutely. Thank you Gary in Arizona for joining us in
Speaker 1: the Theater of the Mind, bringing the best guests, obviously to
Speaker 1: the table and to the theater about the things that
Speaker 1: they know about the great mysteries of the universe that
Speaker 1: we have. Let's continue, Doctor you become very very popular here,
Speaker 1: and now you're realizing just how popular because we have
Speaker 1: like a full board of callers and our job, my
Speaker 1: job is to make sure that we try to get
Speaker 1: everybody on. Let's go to line too. Welcome Tony in Clifton,
Speaker 1: New Jersey. You're on with doctor Gulay.
Speaker 5: How are you, Tony, Hi, Doctor Sky, Hi, doctor Gulay.
Speaker 5: What an interesting topic you know. I am in a Jersey,
Speaker 5: So I think about hurricanes and I also think about earthquakes.
Speaker 5: Because I was on the phone that night with Doctor Sky.
Speaker 5: It was like shortly after we had it. We were
Speaker 5: all talking about it. It was someone on WBC, so
Speaker 5: WABC is always there for us. But I was reading
Speaker 5: that there are some scientists that are doing research in
Speaker 5: the connection between earthquakes, and it's not they're still researching it.
Speaker 5: So they say earthquakes could disrupt the Earth's crust. And
Speaker 5: there have been some earthquakes that have happened and they
Speaker 5: list them. You know that there was a they came
Speaker 5: after or coincidentally with a hurricane, and I think this
Speaker 5: is fascinating. Can you talk about.
Speaker 1: Before you respond? Here, sorry to cut everybody off. I
Speaker 1: just want to mention something about the power of AM radio.
Speaker 1: And remember there was a big petition to try to
Speaker 1: eliminate AM radio. So in the event of these type
Speaker 1: of disasters, man made disasters, natural disasters, what would people
Speaker 1: turn to. What they did was the AM frequency much
Speaker 1: very much more reliable than many people's estimation. But Tony,
Speaker 1: thank you, but doctor please continue. I'm sorry to cut
Speaker 1: everybody short, but the power of AM radio is important.
Speaker 2: Yeah, it's important. It's definitely important. And if you can,
Speaker 2: if you want to be ready for it, not just earthquakes,
Speaker 2: but other natural disasters, you can get those crank radios
Speaker 2: right that don't be power and your your AM radio
Speaker 2: will work and you'll have information. So in general, whatever
Speaker 2: is happening in terms of weather and all that, it
Speaker 2: doesn't tend to impact earthquakes. Earthquakes again, happen deep in
Speaker 2: the cross forces that happen over hundreds and thousands of years,
Speaker 2: and it's stresses that really build inside the planet and
Speaker 2: that that really that that really shaped. So what's happening
Speaker 2: in the atmosphere doesn't tend to impact earthquakes. People still
Speaker 2: do research on this. I've not found that there's been
Speaker 2: a compelling evidence that there's a systematic effect with anything
Speaker 2: related to weather or storms and earthquakes.
Speaker 1: Yeah, well, doctor, you bring up something, and Tony brought
Speaker 1: it up just as powerful that everyone within the sound
Speaker 1: of this host boys and other great stations and other
Speaker 1: great hosts is that you need to have a preparation plan.
Speaker 1: And here do I say, what do I say? I
Speaker 1: do it myself, whether we're here in Arizona, What food, water,
Speaker 1: the ability to communicate. Let's say your cell phones go down.
Speaker 1: Are those little handheld personal little like walkie talkie radio
Speaker 1: is important? Absolutely? Would they be overwhelmed with people on
Speaker 1: those frequencies, don't know, But an action plan that you
Speaker 1: would have not to be paranoid and right, Tony, you
Speaker 1: get the last word. I mean, this is powerful stuff
Speaker 1: and preparations the answer whether with these earthquaces, it.
Speaker 5: Is the answer. And also I think there's a lot
Speaker 5: of false information. So I'm so glad that doctor lay
Speaker 5: you clarified that for me that when I see a
Speaker 5: lot of hurricanes, I don't have to like stress about earthquakes.
Speaker 5: That was a big stress releaser.
Speaker 1: Thank you don't have to go to do not go
Speaker 1: to Costco or the big box stores in anticipation for
Speaker 1: toilet paper when you know that everybody is going to
Speaker 1: go there for that and want the special chicken, and
Speaker 1: don't forget the dollar sixty two or dollar fifty hot
Speaker 1: dog and drink. But do that in a day that's
Speaker 1: not necessarily about a panic or a big crisis. The doctor,
Speaker 1: we're coming up on the break here, and I keep
Speaker 1: saying it always seems like we have a break and
Speaker 1: that's a good thing because you know what it means
Speaker 1: that we're moving through time and space and there's a
Speaker 1: lot of interesting people that are on the line. We're
Speaker 1: going to get to you. If you're on the line,
Speaker 1: like line three, ist Do in New York, Line four
Speaker 1: Christine in New York City, Line five all in New Jersey,
Speaker 1: and how about line one Mike in lower the Lower
Speaker 1: east Side. Will do our very best to get back
Speaker 1: to you, and thank you once again for spending time
Speaker 1: with us on your weekend on the Doctor Scotty Experience.
Speaker 1: We'll be right back forty eight minutes after the hour.
Speaker 1: Casey reminds us to shake our booty howe propos when
Speaker 1: we talk about earthquakes. But on the serious note, our
Speaker 1: very special guests of the two hours is doctor Christine Dulaye,
Speaker 1: the Center Director the Earthquake Science Center of the US
Speaker 1: Geological Survey. Doctor I thought, playing that KSE thing is
Speaker 1: putting us in a little, you know, a little light
Speaker 1: mode too.
Speaker 2: What do you say, It's a happy it's a happy
Speaker 2: shaking mode made for sure. That's you know. I'd like
Speaker 2: to say. You know, I've felt quite a few earthquakes,
Speaker 2: and the first one I felt was in eighty eight
Speaker 2: and it wasn't Quebec to smort of New York, right,
Speaker 2: it was a four point line and I was maybe
Speaker 2: one hundred miles away, more than one hundred miles away,
Speaker 2: and there was still damage where I was at. It
Speaker 2: was very traumatic and everybody remembers where there were during
Speaker 2: that earthquake, and who's moving in California. I felt larger
Speaker 2: ones more frequent. I mean, I was really close to
Speaker 2: a seven point two where I was in the field
Speaker 2: to go measure, but make measurements following a six point four,
Speaker 2: and boom, there was a seven to two right there.
Speaker 2: It is very distressing and I want to acknowl so
Speaker 2: I do this for a living, and earthquakes happened suddenly
Speaker 2: there's and it's just really distressing and it's important to
Speaker 2: know what to you.
Speaker 1: Well, we want to maintain the seriousness about this. But
Speaker 1: the lines are lighting up here. You're just incredible here
Speaker 1: as far as popularity line number three, he's been patient
Speaker 1: still in New York City. You're on a doctor Gulan,
Speaker 1: How are you this morning too?
Speaker 6: A good morning? Actually it's still reads huge, but it
Speaker 6: doesn't matter. No, I guess this goes about twenty years back.
Speaker 6: I was living on eighty sixth Street and New York
Speaker 6: Avenue on the east side of Manhattan. I guess mostly
Speaker 6: don't know where that is, but it's on the east
Speaker 6: side of Island. And during the night, maybe about two
Speaker 6: three o'clock in the morning, I felt an easy, a
Speaker 6: little ceazy. I shook around. I didn't know what it was,
Speaker 6: and then I had a cat at the time. The
Speaker 6: cat jumps up on the bed, started dancing around and
Speaker 6: acting theuris. So I put my arm around the cut,
Speaker 6: calmed it down, and I went back to sleep. The
Speaker 6: next morning I found out that New York City had
Speaker 6: an earthquake, maybe a two or three or something like that,
Speaker 6: and I checked into it, and there is a fall
Speaker 6: that goes from west to east from the George Washington
Speaker 6: Bridge all the way across Manhattan, the Gracie mentioned on
Speaker 6: the east side, and with all the tunnels and tall buildings.
Speaker 6: I understand you're going to get into this later. What
Speaker 6: if Manhattan were ever had a giant earthquake, consider a
Speaker 6: tiny one?
Speaker 1: What is your name? What is your name?
Speaker 7: Sir?
Speaker 1: So I get it correctly. They were telling me it's Stu.
Speaker 1: What is your name? H h h g oh, okay,
Speaker 1: thank you. You know this is fascinating, but you want
Speaker 1: to go back to something before the doctor responds. The
Speaker 1: love and depth of animal perception cats and dogs, don't
Speaker 1: you think, doctor, they also have some kind of very
Speaker 1: amazing ability to sense these type of events. That's amazing.
Speaker 1: Of the earth frequencies, this is what you was talking about.
Speaker 1: I'm sure he's really revealing their earthquake. What say you?
Speaker 2: Yeah, So the animals feel earthquakes, we do as well.
Speaker 2: And the thing is that there was actually a lot
Speaker 2: of studies done in the seventies to try to correlate
Speaker 2: animal behavior with earthquakes. The thing is, animals behave in
Speaker 2: odd ways so for so many different reasons that we
Speaker 2: cannot correlate that. But some animals feel things more than others,
Speaker 2: and they can feel the beginning of the earthquake before you.
Speaker 2: I'm very sensitive personally, and when an earthquake happens in
Speaker 2: the middle of then I wake up and screens the
Speaker 2: earthquake and my husband said no, and then it's part shaking.
Speaker 2: So some people, some animals detect more than others.
Speaker 1: That's amazing.
Speaker 2: Quick as we discussed the can happen anywhere, and in
Speaker 2: New York it's more rare. It's every couple of years
Speaker 2: or so that you have a small magnitutor, right, But
Speaker 2: it can happen. That's that's a fact.
Speaker 1: It's amazing. Christine joins us online four in the theater
Speaker 1: of the Mine. Good morning, Christine, how are you doing?
Speaker 8: Rning everybody. I had some weird experiences very recently. If
Speaker 8: I may, I'm going to speak fast. I can squeeze
Speaker 8: him in. There was a an earthquake in Granada, Spain,
Speaker 8: the same day an earthquake in Indonesia. There was an
Speaker 8: earthquake in Marrakesh recently that destroyed a thousand year old
Speaker 8: Islamic tower. There was a friend of mine who just
Speaker 8: came back from a family vacation in Europe. He was
Speaker 8: supposed to fly back from Sicily. He goes to Sicily
Speaker 8: and Mount Etna. The volcano blows up right in front
Speaker 8: of them. Then there was a few more things. I
Speaker 8: went to see a friend. I had to cancel the
Speaker 8: meeting with him because I said, there's going to be
Speaker 8: some tornadoes and I don't want to get caught in
Speaker 8: the tornadoes. The next day there are tornadoes also there
Speaker 8: was a recent volcanic eruption in Guatemala. I don't know
Speaker 8: the results of that, how strong they were.
Speaker 1: There's a lot of them, but it's just.
Speaker 8: Happening all over, like the Granada Indonesia, one with two
Speaker 8: different sizes of the world at once.
Speaker 1: Well, Christine, let me, yeah, let me ask our guests this.
Speaker 1: Because of limited time here, doctor, so you can address
Speaker 1: Christine she's I mean, you can address what Christine is
Speaker 1: saying too, about in your opinion, are we seeing more
Speaker 1: earthquakes by what measure?
Speaker 7: I mean?
Speaker 1: Or is it just a matter that we have better
Speaker 1: instruments to detect this? What would you say?
Speaker 7: So?
Speaker 2: I think that we detect more today, that's for sure.
Speaker 2: But you know, I know that this year there's more
Speaker 2: and more people asking me, is there more large magnitude
Speaker 2: earthquakes in general? Every year? Yeah, it's a very good question.
Speaker 2: Every year, we can expect around the world to have
Speaker 2: above seven something like ten to twenty, maybe a little
Speaker 2: bit more. This year we've had eleven. Okay, we're jely,
Speaker 2: we're in We're in August eleven. It's not out of
Speaker 2: their ordinary. You know, in twenty ten there was twenty
Speaker 2: four above seven. So it's normal the thing that we
Speaker 2: hear more about earthquakes when their current near population, when
Speaker 2: they cause damage, when they cause death, and we've had
Speaker 2: a few of those that had big impacts on people,
Speaker 2: and so then they become more prevalent in the news
Speaker 2: and people recognize them and think, oh, there's more earthquakes.
Speaker 2: But there's not more earthquakes. It's about about the in average,
Speaker 2: the same roughly every year, and again in the time
Speaker 2: span of earthquakes a year, that tiny fraction of time.
Speaker 2: These things developed over hundreds and thousands of years. So
Speaker 2: right now I don't I don't see that there's more earthquakes.
Speaker 2: There was a period last year in California where there's
Speaker 2: a little bit more, but it happens we're all overall,
Speaker 2: there's not There's not a big difference, you know that
Speaker 2: that we can speak of. It is like, oh, there's
Speaker 2: more earthquakes.
Speaker 1: Well, that's exactly the crux of our one. We wanted
Speaker 1: to find out if there is a higher instance, and
Speaker 1: you've kind of calmed us in that as we get
Speaker 1: into our number two in just a few moments. But
Speaker 1: it's rare to have one. To Christine's on at the
Speaker 1: same time. So Christine in New York City, a quick
Speaker 1: follow up if you do, because we're going to the
Speaker 1: top of the close of hour one. Have you still
Speaker 1: with us?
Speaker 8: Go ahead, Hi, Hi, doctor Christine. This is a fascinating
Speaker 8: subject and so many things that seem to be happening
Speaker 8: so close together. But the thing that really freaked me
Speaker 8: out with my friend coming back from Sicily having seen
Speaker 8: Mount Etna, the terrible volcano explode. He had to get
Speaker 8: a different plane because it ruined his chip home. Amazing,
Speaker 8: and that's a big one, Edna.
Speaker 1: Well, Christine in New York City, thank you for being
Speaker 1: part of the Doctor's Guy experience. I appreciate you as
Speaker 1: I want semi regular caller and hopefully you'll be a
Speaker 1: regular caller to our shows as we go and well,
Speaker 1: go out and get one the best guest we can
Speaker 1: in these subject matters the great mysteries of the universe.
Speaker 1: Thank you, Christinea in New York City. Doctor, this is
Speaker 1: something fascinating. And see how fast an hour goes when
Speaker 1: you're having fun. Yeah, So in our number two, I
Speaker 1: mean there's so many questions and by the way, ladies
Speaker 1: and gentlemen, if you're still on the line, like Paul
Speaker 1: in New Jersey, Mike in the Lower east Side, Pamela
Speaker 1: and New Jersey stew in Brooklyn. Will do our very
Speaker 1: best to get you on, of course, in our number two.
Speaker 1: Your patience is greatly appreciated here and for everybody else
Speaker 1: I'd like to do in US one eight hundred eight
Speaker 1: four eight nine to two two one eight hundred eight
Speaker 1: four eight WABC, how amazing is not an incredible set
Speaker 1: of numbers nine two two two WABC. So in hour
Speaker 1: number two we'll take your calls and obviously talk more
Speaker 1: about these mysteries, the great mysteries of earthquakes, and you know,
Speaker 1: dorectory if we go back into biblical stories eschatology of course,
Speaker 1: which is the end of times Greek for the expression
Speaker 1: last things. Again, many people that are extremely religious have
Speaker 1: a big connection to the Book of Revelations and all
Speaker 1: the things here that occur on the Earth, from asteroidal impacts,
Speaker 1: giant earthquakes, volcanoes and other amazing things. Here we want
Speaker 1: to keep not only our eyes to the sky and
Speaker 1: talking about that as we close out hour number one,
Speaker 1: a little live sky update. We have a partial lunar
Speaker 1: eclipse coming on Thursday evening the New York City and
Speaker 1: eastern daylight time. Look to the moon, the full Sturgeon
Speaker 1: Moon on the twenty seventh, nine to twenty three PM.
Speaker 1: That was when the eclipse begins. Partial maximum eclipse for
Speaker 1: the New York and Eastern daylight time twelve twelve am
Speaker 1: Eastern daylight time, and the whole thing ends sacred geometry
Speaker 1: at one fifty one am Friday, the twenty eighth. Convert
Speaker 1: your time zones across the nation. The planet Venus is
Speaker 1: in the west at sunset. You can't miss it. That's
Speaker 1: the thing that people call the UFO, but it's really
Speaker 1: a major planet, the goddess of love and beauty and
Speaker 1: Saturn high in the southeast at eleven PM. You can
Speaker 1: see it with the naked eye. But oh boy, imagine
Speaker 1: what you'd see if you had a moderate science telescope.
Speaker 1: One eight hundred eight four eight nine two two two.
Speaker 1: And again our special guest, as we move into our
Speaker 1: number two, doctor Christine Doulay, the Center director for the
Speaker 1: Earthquake Science Center of the US Geological Survey, And you
Speaker 1: can check that website out. We have other websites we
Speaker 1: want to mention, and we'll talk in hour number two
Speaker 1: about her expertise in building construction and what we need
Speaker 1: to know about building big buildings, doing it by code
Speaker 1: to mitigate the devastating effects of earthquakes. More on the
Speaker 1: Doctor Skuying experience in our number two.
Speaker 3: Flock Radio seventy seven WABC, WABC New York, wrc R
Speaker 3: Haberstraw and one oh seven one wl R Hampton Bays.
Speaker 1: The universe is living inside you. You're on the Doctor
Speaker 1: Sky experience. As we move to the top of our
Speaker 1: number two, as we say moving through time and space,
Speaker 1: Doctor Doulais is our special guest and what I wanted
Speaker 1: to get to you doctor, and I appreciate your time
Speaker 1: as always is your connection to building risks and what
Speaker 1: happens with buildings today. That's another area of expertise. Describe
Speaker 1: that to the audience because it's a powerful thing in today,
Speaker 1: you know, blending architecture construction, How do we build safer
Speaker 1: buildings knowing what we know about earthquakes.
Speaker 2: So we know that earthquakes bring shaking, and shaking is
Speaker 2: different than just the natural loads that we have. It
Speaker 2: shakes in three dimensions. It's left and right and up
Speaker 2: and down. So that creates as you can imagine it
Speaker 2: generates a lot of forces on buildings, so they need
Speaker 2: to be designed more safely. So there's building codes that
Speaker 2: get updated regularly, and there's different techniques that are used
Speaker 2: to make buildings safer and so over the years, over
Speaker 2: the use of the building code improves, the newer building
Speaker 2: tend to be more resilient to earthquakes. The goal of
Speaker 2: the building code is to prevent collapse, and one thing
Speaker 2: that people don't tend to realize is that, well, something
Speaker 2: built to code doesn't mean that the building is usable
Speaker 2: after an earthquake. It can be damaged beyond retair. The
Speaker 2: goal is to save lives, so to really reduce the
Speaker 2: chances of collapse. But after that maybe it's too damage
Speaker 2: and needs to be torn down and rebuilt, so not on. Yeah,
Speaker 2: that's the purpose of the building code is really to
Speaker 2: save lives, not necessarily to make a building last forever.
Speaker 1: Absolutely, Am I correct doctor in this assessment. I've read somewhere.
Speaker 1: Can't see where I read this, but I think it's
Speaker 1: in the back of my head that on certain tall
Speaker 1: superstructure buildings they have this gigantic weight or something up
Speaker 1: on the very top of the building, not outside but inside,
Speaker 1: so that when the building's way by wind. Describe that?
Speaker 1: Am I correct in this? Am I describing it correctly?
Speaker 2: Yes, it exists. It's called the act. There's active or
Speaker 2: fastest tune dampers, so it's a massive There's one that
Speaker 2: you can find videos that are amazing online in Taiwan.
Speaker 2: I think it's the Taipei Tower and maybe I got
Speaker 2: the If you just search Taiwan earthquake damper, people find
Speaker 2: that there's videos of that. Yeah, so some some are
Speaker 2: so you have the weight on top to to to
Speaker 2: reduce the motion on top because the building it shakes
Speaker 2: at the bottom, but the waves move and it wants
Speaker 2: to make the top move a lot. And so these
Speaker 2: big masses, some of them are are are moved and controlled.
Speaker 2: But just the fact that you have a lot of
Speaker 2: weight on top, it reduces the motion on the top
Speaker 2: and so and it's also useful for those very it's
Speaker 2: all buildings when there's a lot of wind because people
Speaker 2: it sometimes gets sick even from the motion in thongs.
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, never thought about that. And look at Bill's
Speaker 1: big structures like the birds Khalifa. I mean in other buildings,
Speaker 1: it looks like they're continuing to build I've read somewhere.
Speaker 1: I think Saudi Arabia is looking to build a building.
Speaker 1: That's what well upwards I think of, even like a
Speaker 1: half a mile. Maybe I'm incorrect, but I hope they're
Speaker 1: paying strict attention to what's under that ground. Obviously, let's
Speaker 1: go to the callers. We continue line number two. He's
Speaker 1: been patient Paul in New Jersey. You're on with doctor Goulay.
Speaker 1: Good morning, Go ahead, Paul. If you're with us, well,
Speaker 1: we're not making contact, Paul. We're going to move forward.
Speaker 1: Let's go to line number three. Stu's been patient in Brooklyn.
Speaker 1: You're on with doctor Goulay.
Speaker 9: Hello, Yeah, he's eating doctor. After the last time I
Speaker 9: sailed past the Azores, we had no Surmarnis and there
Speaker 9: was a very famous s Knew Me that wiped out
Speaker 9: Lisbon a couple hundred years ago. So question one, what
Speaker 9: sort of seismic activity does it take to trigger that
Speaker 9: type of event? And question two is the children of
Speaker 9: Crackataa as they called in Indonesia, why do you do
Speaker 9: a repeat performances blow up again? Which would be very
Speaker 9: saying because I love savatric coffee and the impact I
Speaker 9: like it too, would be consider it right.
Speaker 1: No, that's interesting, doctor. He brings up some very interesting
Speaker 1: points about I guess what would take what type of
Speaker 1: an event, size of Richter scale earthquake would of course
Speaker 1: do that. And about Krakatoa of the past. That's interesting.
Speaker 2: Yeah, Krakatoa. I mean it could it could erupt again.
Speaker 2: It's an active volcano that was a massive, uh eruption.
Speaker 2: I mean I don't know the average recurrence of the eruption,
Speaker 2: but it's active, so it could it erupted again.
Speaker 1: Yes, that's incredible. But also, Stu, I want to add
Speaker 1: in the doctor I think has a lot of information
Speaker 1: on this, more so that the loudest sounds in the
Speaker 1: world that was ever recorded. And this is again with
Speaker 1: primitive interest. This is incredible, Doctor. It stated here and
Speaker 1: I've read this. I'm not reading this. I'm just remembering it.
Speaker 1: Over three hundred plus decibels was the loudest sound. But
Speaker 1: here's the story. A British ship was passing forty miles
Speaker 1: away from Krakatoa and ear drums were blown out, I
Speaker 1: mean punctured. Can you imagine a sound, Stu, if you're
Speaker 1: still with us three hundred plus decibels on the scale.
Speaker 1: Imagine the energy that came out of Krakatoa. And you're saying, doctor,
Speaker 1: what it's still an active volcano.
Speaker 2: Oh gosh, Yeah, that was massive, and it's true what
Speaker 2: you're saying. There's a lot of very interesting videos that
Speaker 2: explain how this also, you know, show how the Earth
Speaker 2: is a globe and how the sound and the waves
Speaker 2: traveled around the world multiple times.
Speaker 1: It's very interesting, totally amazing. And another event that happened
Speaker 1: here and I'm not reading this, is that we had
Speaker 1: the amazing submarine volcano a few years ago, and that
Speaker 1: particular the submarine volcano in the South Pacific that sense
Speaker 1: shockwaves around the Earth. Can you imagine being there do
Speaker 1: actor near those islands? And that was the Hunger Tounga
Speaker 1: submarine volcano. That is incredible. So the Earth, we have
Speaker 1: to look at it this way, as it's said many times,
Speaker 1: the Earth, for all the beatings it's taken over the
Speaker 1: course of history, you know, geologic time, it has a living,
Speaker 1: breathing entity inside of it that keeps us going. Not
Speaker 1: a reason to pollute the Earth, but certainly something fascinating.
Speaker 1: Let's go with the callers again, Line number four. Benny
Speaker 1: in Bayside. You've been patient. You're on with the good
Speaker 1: doctor Gulett. Benny's gone. Let's go to line number five.
Speaker 1: How about Nick in Virginia. Nick, you're on with doctor
Speaker 1: gula Good morning.
Speaker 10: Good morning, Doctor Scott and doctor Gulay. I have some
Speaker 10: a lot of concern actually about politics interfacing with science
Speaker 10: and somewhat distorting it. I'll give you an example. There's
Speaker 10: been a lot of underwater volcano underwater volcanic action in
Speaker 10: the oceans, and that's heated up the oceans. But it
Speaker 10: seems like the CO two and the Sun is getting
Speaker 10: blamed and that's driving cars or getting blamed for the
Speaker 10: earth heating up. And I'm not so sure that's true science.
Speaker 10: But when I hear commercials on the radio that are
Speaker 10: that are in disguised as public service announcement saying, well,
Speaker 10: the Earth is running out of natural resources and in
Speaker 10: thirty years we'll need three times you've got. I've lived
Speaker 10: a long time and I've seen these hoaxes, and I'm wondering,
Speaker 10: Doctor Scott, you and your guest, how concerned are you
Speaker 10: about politics entering the world of science and influencing people
Speaker 10: to stam six feet apart and wear a paper mask
Speaker 10: and you know that's none of it was good.
Speaker 1: Well, Nick, it's another subject. But I'm with you, brother,
Speaker 1: because obviously gain of function is the thing that we
Speaker 1: were talking about a long long time ago and people
Speaker 1: are still talking about it. And what's interesting about that
Speaker 1: the intercession of science and politics. Well, let's help we
Speaker 1: don't get another repeat performance of what we had with
Speaker 1: the COVID situation. But doctor, if you want to comment
Speaker 1: on that, that's a little out of the realm of
Speaker 1: what we were talking about. But hey, Nick, you bring
Speaker 1: up something very positive, go ahead. Doctor. If you want
Speaker 1: to take a told him you we used to stab
Speaker 1: at that shake on that one, go right ahead.
Speaker 2: So for me, science is not politics and it's not related.
Speaker 2: And all the scientists at work and that I work
Speaker 2: with and that I know, really the goal is always
Speaker 2: to find the best science, the best knowledge, and with
Speaker 2: with data that is ver verifiable and all that. To me,
Speaker 2: these things are completely separate. Science informs us and really
Speaker 2: helps society be safer, and it's really important that we
Speaker 2: continue to do science.
Speaker 1: Absolutely. I mean, it's look at what happened again. Not
Speaker 1: to be overly repetitive, I think you're saying it very well,
Speaker 1: Nick in Virginia, that when that happens, that's a really
Speaker 1: amazing collision course. And I think if we can try
Speaker 1: to separate that, But the bigger point is right doctor,
Speaker 1: and right Nick in Virginia. But can't we all just
Speaker 1: simply get along? Wouldn't that be a great, a great
Speaker 1: thing to do? That I saw this planet with about
Speaker 1: what eight point seventy five billion souls running around as
Speaker 1: we had with some of the better voices than mine,
Speaker 1: or those little pieces that you hear right after the
Speaker 1: thirty minute mark of the show, after the heartbreak you
Speaker 1: hear about the pale blue dot that Carl Sagan talked
Speaker 1: about eight point seventy five billion people sitting on that
Speaker 1: tiny little sliver and that tiny little round ball. So
Speaker 1: a lot of positives that can come out of that
Speaker 1: on the side of all getting along. Well, we're just
Speaker 1: about at the next break here, But doctor, I do
Speaker 1: want to talk about something when we come back, and
Speaker 1: that is not to forget the December twenty sixth, two
Speaker 1: thousand and four Sumatra, Indonesian quake, and also what seemed
Speaker 1: to got more coverage on that was the entire tsunami
Speaker 1: and that a totally devastating thing. You see the water,
Speaker 1: what people are on the beach, and all of a sudden,
Speaker 1: one of the telltale signs of a tsunami. What the
Speaker 1: water gets pulled out and then all of a sudden,
Speaker 1: this thing comes through. And I can only imagine, God
Speaker 1: bless those that lost their lives in such a horrific thing.
Speaker 1: What an amazing story. Isn't that something else? I mean,
Speaker 1: tsunamis are just off the charts, totally incredible. Well, you know,
Speaker 1: ladies and gentlemen, still time to get in on the
Speaker 1: conversation one eight hundred and eight four eight nine two
Speaker 1: two two as we continue to talk with doctor Christine Goulay.
Speaker 1: And don't forget check out these websites. I'm gonna give
Speaker 1: a couple really quickly here.
Speaker 3: One.
Speaker 1: If you'd like to learn about builders risks in certain areas,
Speaker 1: you can put your address in there. It's called us
Speaker 1: seismicmaps dot org. Us seismicmaps dot org and so many
Speaker 1: other great websites like FEMA dot org. If you want
Speaker 1: to look at earthquake hazards and without a doubt, go
Speaker 1: to USGS dot gov. Doctor will be right back in
Speaker 1: our last break as we move through time and space,
Speaker 1: concluding our number two of the Doctor Scully Experience. Forty
Speaker 1: seven minutes after the hour, we continue. We bring Carl
Speaker 1: and line three in New Jersey to the microphone in
Speaker 1: the Doctor Sky theater of the Mine. Good morning, Carl,
Speaker 1: you're on with doctor Gulai. How are you doing?
Speaker 3: Good morning, Doctor Sky and Doctor Galley. I have a question,
Speaker 3: and the question is there a direct connection between volcanic
Speaker 3: activity and earthquakes? And and so what is that connection?
Speaker 7: Doctor?
Speaker 1: Do we lose you for a moment?
Speaker 7: Oh, I'm sure, I'm sorry.
Speaker 1: Did you hear the question from Carl.
Speaker 2: I'm sorry, Go ahead, I'm sorry, Yes, can you hear me?
Speaker 7: Clear you?
Speaker 3: Yeah?
Speaker 2: So they are connected the whole concept of the tectonic place.
Speaker 9: Uh.
Speaker 2: And we talked about the subduction zone where the ocean
Speaker 2: cross goes under the the the continental cross. You will
Speaker 2: see that most of the volcanoes, not all, most of
Speaker 2: them are along that that subduction zone. These things are related,
Speaker 2: they all work together. The volcanoes are are are are
Speaker 2: related to the all the dynamic fluid motions and and
Speaker 2: the conveyor belt we discussed at the very beginning of
Speaker 2: the show here and so they are related. And so
Speaker 2: that's that's my very uh ineloquent short answer. But yes answer.
Speaker 1: I like the answer. Thank you, Carl and Jersey, appreciate you.
Speaker 1: Sorry to cut you off, doctor, I just want to
Speaker 1: try to get as many people in there. They've been
Speaker 1: patient Line number three. We welcome Tom and Long Island. Tom.
Speaker 1: Good morning, you're I'm a doctor Gulain.
Speaker 7: Hi question is we know every action has a reaction,
Speaker 7: and I recall the owner A. S. John Kenneth. Excuse me.
Speaker 7: I said that the oil is basically a fluid that
Speaker 7: lubricates the Titanic plates. Now, if we take too much
Speaker 7: oil out, leaving the Titanic place below a level that
Speaker 7: makes a lubricant, could this cause more earthquakes?
Speaker 3: Now?
Speaker 7: Do we see so many countries around the world pulling
Speaker 7: out this crude oil?
Speaker 1: Low? Tom, that's pretty powerful, pulling oil out of the
Speaker 1: earth as a lubricant. What does that do? Is there
Speaker 1: any scientific signs to that, doctor?
Speaker 2: Well, what we definitely see more earthquakes where we do
Speaker 2: oil exploitation and whenever we touch the cross So there's
Speaker 2: there's been increase in seismic activity and to access Oklahoma
Speaker 2: and other places. Same thing when we do geothermal this
Speaker 2: is something we study. We call that induced earthquakes, and
Speaker 2: this is something that we measure as well, and we
Speaker 2: study them. And there's been a increase in the earthquakes
Speaker 2: when the production increases. That's just a general trend and
Speaker 2: but those things are monitored and we keep an eye
Speaker 2: on it. And then yeah, the humans can can create
Speaker 2: some level of earthquakes.
Speaker 1: It's neat, Tom, Thank you so much, very inspirational. There
Speaker 1: about something I had no idea of and you bring
Speaker 1: that to the audience. Thank you for your participation. We
Speaker 1: close out the show. Hopefully we have more time in
Speaker 1: the future to talk about the subject. And we'll ask
Speaker 1: the Good Doctor later if she'll rejoin us as time
Speaker 1: goes online. Number four, Kevin and the Long Beach. You've
Speaker 1: been patient. You're on with doctor Gula.
Speaker 3: Good morning, Hey, great Joe. Thanks to mister Cassmithides and
Speaker 3: his wife were a great network to do this. I'm
Speaker 3: almost happy he's not Mayor. I don't know if he
Speaker 3: would have done ABC Quickly. Time is running out the
Speaker 3: Yellowstone buffalo or leaving and the animals, and they say
Speaker 3: there's things with Yellowstone. Second thing is is there anything
Speaker 3: with the alignment of full moons that create that. And thirdly,
Speaker 3: and most importantly, one of the evidence that they say,
Speaker 3: and they say it would have registered. If two one
Speaker 3: hundred and ten story buildings went down, there would have
Speaker 3: been a seismic register. And since it disintegrated into thin air,
Speaker 3: that's one of the theories of nine to eleven. Can
Speaker 3: you answer that first? And then because they say that
Speaker 3: is a hole.
Speaker 1: In the story, So I guess you're asking, Kevin, was
Speaker 1: that when the buildings came down on nine to eleven,
Speaker 1: did they create a seismic wave? Is that what I'm hearing?
Speaker 1: And the good doctent good?
Speaker 3: Then, but there was there was no seismic wave, and no.
Speaker 2: We can we can measure that anything from building falling down, explosions, mining,
Speaker 2: all those things are detected by by by the seismic
Speaker 2: networks and they can be measured. Indeed, Yeah, m hm.
Speaker 1: And your first point, Kevin, I don't know if we
Speaker 1: heard it clearly, but police continue before the clock runs out.
Speaker 1: What was your second I mean your first concern? You?
Speaker 3: Oh, the first concern is all the animals leaving Yellowstone. Secondly,
Speaker 3: the any any full moons have an effect. And thirdly,
Speaker 3: there was no seismic detection of those buildings coming down
Speaker 3: because they disintegrate into thin air, a scientific impossibility, and
Speaker 3: the story is a false story.
Speaker 1: Kevin, thank you for your information. Good as we close
Speaker 1: out the show, Doctor, this is interesting about as we
Speaker 1: talk about animals and perception of what they can feel,
Speaker 1: and they know things that we don't and they feel it,
Speaker 1: and then that's a very interesting thing. The moon, of course,
Speaker 1: has some tug on the earth we know astronomically because
Speaker 1: of tides. How do you respond to those?
Speaker 2: So it does have a tug and it creates some
Speaker 2: some pressures. As you know, we do have the sides
Speaker 2: and they're due to the moon, but we've not seen
Speaker 2: a correlation, and it doesn't it doesn't act in a
Speaker 2: systematic way that suddenly we can see a difference in
Speaker 2: earthquakes because of that, So that's not something that we've
Speaker 2: been able to observe. Animals feel things, but they're not magical.
Speaker 2: They react to things, so they may sense vibrations and
Speaker 2: and I don't know if they're leaving Yellowstone, I'm not
Speaker 2: aware of the animal behavior, but certainly animals react to
Speaker 2: the environment if it feels shaking or something unusual. They
Speaker 2: will they will try to get away from what appears
Speaker 2: to be express its survival instincts, and I think we
Speaker 2: will do the same.
Speaker 1: Kevin and Long Beach, thank you. I appreciate your contribution
Speaker 1: to the show. Let me ask this because we only
Speaker 1: have a few minutes. Your description of December twenty six,
Speaker 1: two thousand and four so much or the Indonesian earthquake.
Speaker 1: I always saw this as what more of the impact
Speaker 1: of that was the tsunami and it went far and wide.
Speaker 2: That's amazing, yes, so yeah, that that I mean the
Speaker 2: earthquake itself was the eight hundred miles long, and it
Speaker 2: moved in several several feet in different places. So imagine
Speaker 2: that eight hundred miles and you move, you move under
Speaker 2: you moved the floor of the ocean by several feet.
Speaker 2: So it's generated just big waves and of course those
Speaker 2: that were very close and then that actually received the weed.
Speaker 2: The first thing that happened is that the ocean receded.
Speaker 2: We often see that it's the opposite of the tsunami.
Speaker 2: And then the waves come in and there's multiple waves.
Speaker 2: It's not just one and and they're not waves.
Speaker 9: It's really it's really.
Speaker 2: The ocean moving in and then but then it moves
Speaker 2: away and it can reach far lands. And when it's
Speaker 2: traveling in the very very deep ocean, you don't you
Speaker 2: might not even see it at the surface. It's like
Speaker 2: it's very small, like it it's not, it's not, it's
Speaker 2: very small, but it it travels at the seed of
Speaker 2: an airplane, and it travels super fast. And when it
Speaker 2: reaches the shore and it becomes shallow, the water needs
Speaker 2: to go somewhere, so it rises and it lifts up.
Speaker 2: It becomes this big, massive, uh wall of water that
Speaker 2: that reaches on land. And yet it was absolute devastating.
Speaker 1: Well, the March eleven, twenty eleven, that one, of course,
Speaker 1: a powerful nine something on the scale. There's also I
Speaker 1: saw videos of this. I never knew that. I thought
Speaker 1: it was just the damage was the earthquake itself, the shaking.
Speaker 1: It was also a lot a very powerful tsunami. I
Speaker 1: mean describing that it was going higher than a ten
Speaker 1: story building. That's just it's hard to even imagine that, right.
Speaker 2: Doctor, Yeah, it is hard and the nature is powerful.
Speaker 2: So those two events were very traumatic and a lot
Speaker 2: of people lost their lives. That's very sense, that's very yeah,
Speaker 2: it's very sad and.
Speaker 1: Mother Earth is very resilient. Not a reason to pollute
Speaker 1: our planet. But obviously through dinosaurs, asteroidal impacts of you know,
Speaker 1: moving out dinosaurs and different species, all the extinction events
Speaker 1: on the Earth. Obviously, as Carl Sagan said, we need
Speaker 1: to cherish the pale blue dot because we haven't found
Speaker 1: anything like it right doctor out there in the deep universe,
Speaker 1: at least at this point in time. And that's a
Speaker 1: whole other subject. We wrap it up with you. You
Speaker 1: get the last word. We got about it minute and
Speaker 1: a half and tell us how can people get in
Speaker 1: touch with you if there's another way? Is there a
Speaker 1: direct link to you off of USGS dot go.
Speaker 2: Yeah, they can. They can find me on the by
Speaker 2: looking for my name and the USGS and you'll find
Speaker 2: a lake there to reach out to me. One thing
Speaker 2: we talked about preparedness, not just for earthquakes. I think
Speaker 2: there's a lot of things people can prepare for. If
Speaker 2: you go to Earthquake Country dot org, that's a place
Speaker 2: where it's really focused on earthquake preparation. There's earthquake kits,
Speaker 2: but it's true for storms, lots of power and all
Speaker 2: apples there's there's a lot of ways you can get
Speaker 2: prepared and be more ready for these things and and
Speaker 2: and know what to do if it shakes. Drop copper
Speaker 2: and hold on, protect yourself and go on the USGS
Speaker 2: website and fill out the did you feel it survey
Speaker 2: to tell us how it helps for you and what
Speaker 2: the shaking was like. And we use that in addition
Speaker 2: to instruments and real, you know, scientific data, we use
Speaker 2: thank your information to learn.
Speaker 1: A privileging honor to have you. I hope you'll come
Speaker 1: back again as we talk about this as the Earth
Speaker 1: continues to amaze us deep from within the Earth. I
Speaker 1: appreciate your time doctor here USGS dot gov, and I
Speaker 1: want to thank you for spending time with us in
Speaker 1: your busy schedule. I know you were recovering from some
Speaker 1: temporary things going on there and it's now it's been
Speaker 1: made possible, So thank you for joining us on the
Speaker 1: Doctor Sky experience.
Speaker 9: Appreciate, thank you, and thank you to your callers.
Speaker 1: Absolutely, what a wonderful time. More information, folks, as we
Speaker 1: continue to talk about what's happening the live sky. As
Speaker 1: I mentioned, a rather deep partial lunary clipse. This is
Speaker 1: plus ninety percent don't forget Thursday evening, August the twenty seventh,
Speaker 1: you'll start to see this eclipse. The beginning of partiality
Speaker 1: is nine to twenty three pm eastern daylightfetime. Maximum of
Speaker 1: the eclipse moves on to Friday February twenty eighth, twelve
Speaker 1: twelve A, So if you wanted to see the best
Speaker 1: of this, that's when it would happen eastern daylight time.
Speaker 1: Thanks again to our helmsman Bill and Jackson, and stay
Speaker 1: tuned to seventy seven WABC for another side of Midnight
Speaker 1: with Lionel as he takes us to the break of dawn.
Speaker 1: As we move with light speed through the month of
Speaker 1: August twenty twenty six, more of these great subjects, mysteries
Speaker 1: of the universe and mysteries of the mind. We hope
Speaker 1: you learned something, and that's our goal. We'll see you
Speaker 1: in a little bit a short time there we in
Speaker 1: next week. Clear skies and good health as we say
Speaker 1: thank you to this audience.