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Speaker 1: Welcome to the crime pace of bonding doesn't podcast a

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spate of rambling, disjointed rants and a severely unmedicated ADHD.

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How's it going? How you doing? It's what the fuck

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is the day today? It is October twenty fifth, only

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six days to Halloween. Are you gonna do something spectacular?

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You know? I used to not dress up is anything

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on Halloween, But now I got this old lady costume

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that's left over from Killer al On. I might do that.

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And you get a four year old daughter, I gotta

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dress up as something. Maybe I'll do that. She's gonna

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be a ghost. I don't know. Anyway, I'm back in

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South Texas. I'm back here. My life has been all

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over the place. I never thought I'd end up living

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in Texas, but due to family reasons, I'm here, and

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I'm going back and forth frequently between the South and

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West portions of the state, which gives me a great opportunity.

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Need to give a good long rectal exam at the

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hundredth meridian, the point in North America at which the

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continent dries out starts drying out. Okay, the driest deserts

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are in the west. Of course, the Mojave Desert. That's

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where you see the fetti east plaints like bear poppy,

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arc tomic con and salviafuneia at a funeral stage. The

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Chihuahua Desert is the quote wettest desert, the highest, more highest,

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the rainfall desert Sonoran somewhere in between. But you know

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that's then you get the Edwards Plateau east of the

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Chihuahuan Desert, which is a rise in the landscape. It's

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where the more humid regions start the drying out. You know,

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I talk about this shit all the time, and you

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know you see that satellite imagery color go from green

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on the eastern half of the hundredth meridian to the

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beij drier western half, and you certainly see that it

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reflected in the plant life. So anyway, I came from

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West Texas, where the weather is just fucking beautiful right now,

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like windy, strong variation in day and night temperatures. Forty

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degree temperature drops at night, It'll be eighty five during

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the day and then I'll cool down to the fifties,

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like even the high forties at night because that air,

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remember water vapor holds heat. The less humidity there is

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in the atmosphere, the more it cools down. But down

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here in South Texas, which is also lower latitude, I

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think it's like four hundred feet elevation, so it's got

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that going forward to it. Down here in South Texas,

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it is still humid as hell and hot. It's like

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ninety degrees. I forgot how fucking hot it is coming

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down here. And I zip down here because I hadn't

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seen my kid in a long I hadn't seen my

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kid in like two or three weeks since I've been

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teaching general botany. So I just zipped down. I didn't

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stop normally I stop. You know, I've got my spots

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along the way that I stop and check out, you know,

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different plant species I want to look at. Oh, let's

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see know this is doing. Let see if there's seed

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ready yet. I've been collecting a shit ton of seed

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and just sending it to friends that have nurseries because

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I want to see this stuff in the trade. Uh.

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Sometimes I'll sell it, but you know, most of the time,

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it's just like, take this, save me a couple of plants.

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I know you're good for it, and uh, and just

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grow the shit out of it, because you know, like

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many places. There's it's it's so hard to source so

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many of these plants, and somebody out there still has

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to crack the code on growing the Texas madrone. It's

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really the Mexican madrone because the majority of the populations

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in Mexico from seed. But of course there's ecotype differences too,

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Like I wonder if you were to sequence our Buttis

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halapensis from Wajaka and compare it to our budhist halapensis

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and on the Edwards Plateau or in some of these

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cool little relictual limestone canyons that I was seeing it

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seeing them at in the fucking desert, I wonder how

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how different the genomes would be man this this, I

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guess it depends what fucking gene region you looked at,

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you know, what segment of the genome you're looking at.

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But eventually they're gonna be able to do whole genome

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sequencing pretty quickly on plant species and c where those

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DNA barcodes differ. I would imagine the West Texas species

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are a lot more drought towering, because that's generally what

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you see in a lot of the plants here. I mean,

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South Texas is way hotter, but West Texas is cooler

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and milder, but also incredibly drier. So the phenotypic differences

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you'll see in populations of the same species that grows

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both in South Texas and West Texas. And this is

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a phenomenon you see in probably at least three dozen

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different plant species from Hamatocactus hamatacanthus sometimes called Ferrocactus amatacanthas,

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but it's not a ferro cactus, to peyote to Sydney

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at tenuifolia, the skeleton leaf GoldenEye, which has South Texas

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ecotype with larger, broader leaves not as narrow, and then

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a West Texas ecotype that's got extremely narrow leaves. And

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I was talking to or Nesto about this too, and

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he was like, yeah, man, I see this. I see

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the West Texas skeleton leaf the Sydney attenu a folio,

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and it's like, it looks like a different species. I'm

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trying to figure out what the fuck this is. It's

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so noticeable. To jotrophiedioheca eupour bac does the same thing

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West Texas. South Texas ecotype looks different. The West Texas

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ecotype is actually classified as a different subspecies. You really

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gotta gotta get loose sometimes with the delineations and our

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understanding of the delineations between our understanding of species, ecotype, subspecies,

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et cetera. You gotta get loose with it. It's not

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gonna always fit into a nice little box, all right.

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There's a lot of fluidity there. What other There's like,

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there's a shit ton of other plants that do this

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that have the West Texas and South Texas ecotype. West

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Texas much drier but not as hot, and South Texas

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much much hotter and more human and less variation between

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day and night temperatures. And then you got to think

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about how that affects plant metabolism when you've got warm

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nights instead of cool nights, et cetera, they get a

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resting period, that kind of thing. So there's so many

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things to study with some of these plants. But the

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habitat then I was just in in West Texas before

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I came down here that I was exploring. I was

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exploring a little tract of private land. It's desert basically,

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it's there's fucking okatillo growing out of limestone. I saw

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plant affiliation species affiliations. I never would have thought possible

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pinion pines growing with okatillo okatillo growing like a mere

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one hundred yards from Texas madrones. The madrones, of course,

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were like in a narrow arroyo, not a canyon, but

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like an arroyo where they could get shaded during the

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hotter part of the day and it also collected a

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little bit more water. They were kind of on their

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way out. I saw a lonisra albaflora growing there too,

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also in a like a vestigial spot, like a you know,

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right near a wash, like the on the steep wall

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of this narrow little wash. Uh. And of course it's

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it's fuzzy. It's like a fuzzy honeysuckle, a fuzzy vining honeysuckle.

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I could tell it was a little nisra. It wasn't flying,

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but the leaves leaves are opposite vining habit like alonisera,

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like a honeysuckle. There were just so many cool plants

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are saw Petrophytum sayspotosum, which is in the rose family.

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They can live for a long time. They kryd of.

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They look like a carpet of leaf rosettes that just

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creeps along limestone as it grows, sends up a little

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peduncle with a cone shaped inflorescence full of tiny rose

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acey flowers that was everywhere growing, you know, nested, it

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would form these little nests. It was cool, little nests

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with selaginal let butt afalo, the resurrection plant. And then

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there'd be Escobaria tuberculosa, the cactus nestled in there too,

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along with the kino sirius probably Dazzia cantus, but that's

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another species. It's so variable. There was a kino serious

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treminious there too. I mean cacti, pinion pines, ocatillo, madrones,

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and petrophied them sax potosum, which you'll also see as

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far north as Washington, you know, and in the high

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elevations of Wyoming. All these things growing together was this

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clusterfuck of species that normally inhabit vastly different types of

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environments like Petrophiedum sax Potosum I normally think of like

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is snowy alpine or subalpine regions, you know, and and

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then Okatillo is like a desert plant. And for the

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most part, you know, okatillo in these cacti. It was

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so fucking cool. There was Peridally. They're the rock daisies perrotile.

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It was prettily rupestrous variety albiflora because it's got white flowers.

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And if you look inside those corollas, the florit corollas

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of those sunflower family flowers, those capitula, you'll see that

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the floor its only have four corolla lobes, not five.

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With that's a diagnostic factor for that genus. Paridally, which

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Isaac Lickter an acquaintance of mind, just split up in

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a paper he published the two years ago. Isaac is

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down in Chile now with his family, their studying Chilean composites,

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and I'm fucking jealous. They're not going to be around

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here for this this horrible Oh god, your reality in

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the United States is just so dismal. Now, I don't

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need to get into it. Let's not talk about that,

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all right. But what else did I see there? Oh? Scenaria,

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which is ruby Ac. It's a genus in the coffee family, Rubyac.

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Scenario Niagra Kansas, somewhat common in Central North America. Likes

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rocky outcroppings. You find a girl the roadside, not to

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be confused with Houstonia. Houstonia is they both have these

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what is it? These little four petaled white and pink flowers.

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Houstonia is a scenario I think is more common. It's

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a little bit taller of a planet. These are both herbs.

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But but there's a couple, a couple different types of

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a couple different species of Houstonia. They look for the

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most part alike. But I think on Houstonia to kalk Slopes,

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the sepals are a little bit longer. But I saw

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Stenaria puliana. I saw this thing and it was growing

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in this little cushion matted form directly out of the

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limestone cliff face, right next to Circium turnari are rare

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at thistle. God, there were so much good shit at

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this site. And uh, I think it was named after

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Jackie Pool and the plants just shouldn't fucking be named

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it for people. I really get tired of it. But

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you've heard my spiel on that already. But I could,

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you know, I could tell this thing was rare, probably

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stuck on limestone, because there is of course the case

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of daphic endemism on limestone, which amazingly not many people

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have written papers on so if you're a student out there,

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I'm giving these to you. Okay, someone write a paper

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on limestone endemism in Texas, which I've never even heard

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that word. I've never heard those words in reference in

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the literature about Texas botany. It's like the people don't

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realize this is the thing here. But of course I

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learned botany in California, where serpentine endemism is a defining

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characteristic of the flora serpentine. Of course, if you don't

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know about it. Serpentine slash ultramafic rocks are very rare

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on the surface of the Earth, but you get them

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exposed as a result of subduction zone. So wherever there

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was a subduction zone, you likely spit up some scraped

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off is more like it, some serpentine onto the end

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of the Earth's crust. In northern California, from like San

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Louis Obispo north, of course, you get belts, entire belts

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of serpentine, serpentinite, serpentine serpentinite. You also get jade and

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asbestos sometimes in places where there's serpentine exposed on the surface.

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But you know, if you look up, like a map

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of serpentine in northern California, you'll see these huge deposits,

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Like these deposits are so large that they've influenced the

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plant life there and they've caused new species to evolve.

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You know, it's just what happens. It's an environmental stress.

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This soil is extremely serpentine serpentinite rock and the soil

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that is produced from it, if you can call it soil,

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it's like a bluish color, are so toxic. They're so

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high and heavy metals, namely magnesium, iron, and nickel, that

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it's very hard for most plants to grow in. But

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evolution being what it is, this is a natural This

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is a case of natural selection. That's a selective force.

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Having this soil, this toxic substrate everywhere, it's a selective force.

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It eventually selects for any new phenotypes that may emerge

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that can within a population of plants that can tolerate

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that that toxic soil, and so they will speciate and

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those phenotypes will eventually turn into new species and they

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look vastly different from whatever species they evolve from. And

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this is going on all the time. Like the genus Streptantis,

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which we also get in Texas, has numerous species that

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are serpentine obligates. But once you evolve that tolerance to serpentine,

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you can't really go back. I mean, I guess you

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could evolve back eventually, you know, if your seeds, if

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you're growing on serpentine and your seeds make it to

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non serpentine soil, and then you know, the ancestor you

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evolve from didn't occur on it whatever, that's a whole hypothetical,

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but you never really go back. That species is then

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locked to serpentine. That species itself that evolves serpentine tolerance

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will not grow as well on non fucked up soil

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unquote regular soil. And you saw the same thing happen.

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The same phenomenon happen. I think it was. I forget

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the year. I don't know the details of it, but

234
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due to all the yeah, the toxic the toxicity produced

235
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by industrialization in England, I think what was it slag

236
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piles or forget what there was these dumps created in

237
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England in the twenty nineteenth century, yeah, nineteenth century, and

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this is in Jessica Gurvich's Ecology of Plants book. And

239
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these dumps, which were a product of industrialization, produced the

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toxic soil, and there was a plant species there, and

241
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there was a whole study done this that eventually started

242
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specializing on this toxic soil. It was a subspecies that

243
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evolved in the span of a few decades to tolerate

244
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this toxic soil that was produced by industrialization and looked

245
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markedly different, measurably different from the species that it evolved from.

246
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It was a fucking remarkable case. You know, all these

247
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creations when they say we don't have proof of evolution whatever,

248
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it's like, it's right there. Fucko, okay, all right. I

249
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found it just so you could look it up yourself.

250
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Download Jessica Gurvich's Ecology of Plants, which I think you

251
00:15:05,440 --> 00:15:07,879
can get on Libden, third edition if you need it.

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It's I bought the fucking book because it's worth having.

253
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I always try to support, even though I'm just supporting

254
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the publishing company, you know, I always try. I need

255
00:15:15,679 --> 00:15:18,279
it from my personal reference library anyway. I'm teaching this

256
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shit and referencing it frequently. But you can download it

257
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if you don't want to spend one hundred and twenty

258
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books or give one hundred and twenty books to the publisher.

259
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I doubt the author will give it anyway. Ecology of

260
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Plants right here in page two forty one. This is

261
00:15:31,320 --> 00:15:34,279
in the nineteen sixties. I thought it was nineteenth century. Anyway,

262
00:15:34,320 --> 00:15:36,600
here we go. In the nineteen sixties eighty, Bradshaw and

263
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his students began to study local adaptation of grasses to

264
00:15:40,200 --> 00:15:43,840
differences in soil conditions due to mind waste contamination. In

265
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Great Britain, zinc and copper have been mined for centuries.

266
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The soil left over from the digging and or extraction,

267
00:15:49,440 --> 00:15:52,480
known as tailings, was simply dumped outside the mines. Although

268
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most of the ore had been removed, these tailings still

269
00:15:54,559 --> 00:15:57,440
contain high concentrations of the metals, too low to be

270
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worth extracting, but still high enough to be toxic as

271
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hell to most plants growing on the soil. Some plants, however,

272
00:16:04,039 --> 00:16:06,480
managed to grow on the tailings, in particular the grasses

273
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Anthoxanthum odoratum and agross This tenuus. Although some of the

274
00:16:10,879 --> 00:16:13,279
mines had been abandoned for only a century, probably fewer

275
00:16:13,320 --> 00:16:17,360
than forty generations for these perennial species, the researchers found

276
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that populations of these grasses on the mine tailings were

277
00:16:19,799 --> 00:16:22,759
tolerant of the heavy metals, while populations growing in ordinary

278
00:16:22,759 --> 00:16:27,120
adjacent pastures were not. The tolerance for heavy metals was

279
00:16:27,159 --> 00:16:31,200
achieved by the evolution of biochemical mechanisms that prevent the

280
00:16:31,279 --> 00:16:35,080
uptake of the toxic ions. These differences in the genetic

281
00:16:35,080 --> 00:16:39,240
composition of populations occurred over very short distances, within a

282
00:16:39,279 --> 00:16:42,279
meter of the mine boundary. The abrupt nature of the

283
00:16:42,279 --> 00:16:45,679
genetic boundary illustrates several aspects of the evolutionary process. So

284
00:16:45,720 --> 00:16:48,000
there you go. This is just talking about natural selection.

285
00:16:48,720 --> 00:16:53,480
But the demarcation between normal soil and these toxic mind

286
00:16:53,519 --> 00:16:56,679
tailing piles was only a meter, but seeds were evidently

287
00:16:56,759 --> 00:17:00,159
blowing onto those mind tailings from the non toxic, un

288
00:17:00,200 --> 00:17:04,000
fucked up soil, and many of those seeds germanic just died.

289
00:17:04,079 --> 00:17:07,920
But a couple, due to the genetic recombination and plant

290
00:17:07,960 --> 00:17:11,440
sex and the production of new phenotypes that are different

291
00:17:11,480 --> 00:17:14,799
from the parent, a couple of those phenotypes were able

292
00:17:14,839 --> 00:17:18,200
to tolerate those toxic metals and then grow into full plants.

293
00:17:18,720 --> 00:17:21,200
And then there's the first selection, just like the the

294
00:17:21,319 --> 00:17:25,440
just like just like a human being, breeding plants, right,

295
00:17:25,480 --> 00:17:28,160
growing a bunch of seeds and picking a few noticing

296
00:17:28,160 --> 00:17:32,559
which which which individual phenotypes from that seed patch do

297
00:17:32,640 --> 00:17:36,400
better than the other individual phenotypes and picking those two

298
00:17:36,400 --> 00:17:39,559
and breeding them. So then those two plants growing on

299
00:17:39,759 --> 00:17:43,960
the mine tailings, uh, you know, they bang, pollen transfer,

300
00:17:44,240 --> 00:17:47,799
gene flow occurs, they produce new seeds. Uh, some of

301
00:17:47,839 --> 00:17:50,680
those seeds are not gonna survive because they're still gonna

302
00:17:50,680 --> 00:17:55,160
have the alleles and the similar alleles is the the

303
00:17:55,240 --> 00:17:59,240
parent the original plant that was growing on non toxic soil.

304
00:18:00,119 --> 00:18:02,640
But some of those seeds will also We'll still have

305
00:18:02,680 --> 00:18:05,920
the alleles that code for whatever trait allows them to

306
00:18:05,920 --> 00:18:09,200
grow on the toxic soil. And so this just keeps happening,

307
00:18:09,200 --> 00:18:12,559
and within a few generations you've got you can see

308
00:18:12,559 --> 00:18:15,920
how this goes from just a few individual phenotypes doing

309
00:18:15,960 --> 00:18:19,839
well to eventually a new species being born. Hypothetically, it's

310
00:18:19,920 --> 00:18:21,759
one way that a new species can be born. So

311
00:18:21,799 --> 00:18:25,200
that's what's happened on serpentine, and that's what's happened on

312
00:18:25,400 --> 00:18:27,920
limestone in Texas, but no one's written about it. I

313
00:18:27,920 --> 00:18:30,400
haven't found anything. I mean, there's so many plant species

314
00:18:30,759 --> 00:18:34,240
you find growing only on limestone. Do they need the limestone?

315
00:18:34,279 --> 00:18:36,559
In most cases? No, they don't. They'll grow fine in

316
00:18:36,599 --> 00:18:41,400
cultivation on other substrates. They'll grow in a yard if

317
00:18:41,400 --> 00:18:44,720
it's composed of igneous you know. But again, if they're

318
00:18:44,720 --> 00:18:46,480
growing in a yard, you're likely going in there and

319
00:18:46,519 --> 00:18:49,359
weeding and you know, nurturing them, making sure that they

320
00:18:49,359 --> 00:18:52,640
don't get out, compete or whatever. But in habitat in situ,

321
00:18:53,480 --> 00:18:56,359
these limestone endemics are only ever found growing on limestone.

322
00:18:56,359 --> 00:18:58,599
Peyota is a great example of that. Aerocarpus is a

323
00:18:58,599 --> 00:19:03,920
great example of that, right or on calcareous sandstone sometimes too,

324
00:19:04,039 --> 00:19:09,359
Sometimes you'll see aerocarpus growing on calcareous sandstone, but it's

325
00:19:09,400 --> 00:19:14,640
still a sedimentary rock, much different soil chemistry than volcanic rock.

326
00:19:14,960 --> 00:19:18,119
Limestone is really shitty for a lot of quote normal

327
00:19:18,160 --> 00:19:21,039
plants to grow, and it's very very hard for many

328
00:19:21,079 --> 00:19:25,359
normal plants to grow in and that right there filters

329
00:19:25,400 --> 00:19:28,319
out those quote normal plants from growing on them. Like

330
00:19:28,359 --> 00:19:31,839
in the serpentine belts of California, you rarely have ever

331
00:19:31,920 --> 00:19:35,720
find invasive species. Any of the invasive species you'll find

332
00:19:35,759 --> 00:19:39,920
growing on more normal soil, you'll almost never find growing

333
00:19:40,640 --> 00:19:43,759
in on serpentine, you know, like pampas grass or scotch brooms.

334
00:19:43,759 --> 00:19:45,400
So those are some of the bad invasives out there

335
00:19:45,559 --> 00:19:50,359
are there cases where scotch broom has produced enough seed

336
00:19:50,359 --> 00:19:55,480
and eventually adapted to the serpentine in California or pampas grass.

337
00:19:55,720 --> 00:19:59,960
I wonder, but anyway, the limestone endemism in the flora

338
00:20:00,160 --> 00:20:03,000
Texas is fucking remarkable, and I wish there was more

339
00:20:03,000 --> 00:20:05,440
focus on it because it's such a cool trade. It's

340
00:20:05,440 --> 00:20:09,640
such a cool phenomenon, and it's it it exemplifies. It's

341
00:20:09,640 --> 00:20:12,680
such a great case study of immediate evolution, all right,

342
00:20:13,440 --> 00:20:18,119
immediate in the relative sense. You know, it's very sudden

343
00:20:18,240 --> 00:20:20,400
that this happens and you have a few decades or

344
00:20:21,039 --> 00:20:23,640
you know, or that soil substrates, you know, like in

345
00:20:23,680 --> 00:20:26,640
the case of this these mind tailings in England, that

346
00:20:26,759 --> 00:20:29,200
was in the case of a few decades forty generations

347
00:20:29,240 --> 00:20:31,640
of these plants, which is probably a few decades, maybe six,

348
00:20:31,799 --> 00:20:35,880
six decades or something that this happened. It's pretty remarkable.

349
00:20:36,640 --> 00:20:39,359
So and also if you're looking for plants, you know,

350
00:20:39,440 --> 00:20:42,720
to look on limestone for certain things. Texas perconmon I've

351
00:20:42,759 --> 00:20:45,559
only ever seen growing on limestone substrates. Does it grow

352
00:20:45,559 --> 00:20:48,039
on volcanic maybe man, I was having a great time

353
00:20:48,079 --> 00:20:51,359
eating the Texas per simmons. I guess they give you

354
00:20:51,440 --> 00:20:53,119
the runs, but that's okay. You know, you got to

355
00:20:53,160 --> 00:20:55,160
run to the bathroom or something, get a loose stool.

356
00:20:55,440 --> 00:20:58,480
Most Americans, with the amount of shit they eat, could

357
00:20:58,519 --> 00:21:00,839
probably stand for a loose stool, you know, once in

358
00:21:00,880 --> 00:21:03,200
a while. That's what I heard. They give you a

359
00:21:03,200 --> 00:21:06,079
loose stool, but they leave that brown. They leave that,

360
00:21:06,119 --> 00:21:08,240
you know, when you eat in these Texas percimags diasporas

361
00:21:08,279 --> 00:21:10,759
text in it, it leaves that brown residue around your mouth,

362
00:21:10,799 --> 00:21:13,799
so you look like if you'll recount the scene from

363
00:21:13,839 --> 00:21:16,759
Peewee's Big Adventure, one of the greatest American movies of

364
00:21:16,799 --> 00:21:19,519
all time, where Pee Wee gives Francis and his father

365
00:21:19,640 --> 00:21:22,559
that trick gum that he buys at the magic store,

366
00:21:23,039 --> 00:21:25,640
you know, and it's a wonderful scene. That's kind of

367
00:21:25,640 --> 00:21:27,799
what your mouth looks like after you've been eating Texas percimons.

368
00:21:27,880 --> 00:21:29,759
But you know, you get to eat them in and

369
00:21:29,799 --> 00:21:31,440
spit out the seeds. So that's what I was doing,

370
00:21:31,519 --> 00:21:34,839
collecting seeds. They grow slowly at first, but once they

371
00:21:34,880 --> 00:21:37,400
get going and they're established, they do so much better.

372
00:21:37,440 --> 00:21:40,039
Everything needs to go on the ground. Buck this growing

373
00:21:40,079 --> 00:21:44,759
stuff in pots thing. You know, the moisture levels and

374
00:21:44,799 --> 00:21:48,119
the temperature are much more stable in the ground, the

375
00:21:48,640 --> 00:21:52,119
soil temperature than in a pot. I've said, my peace,

376
00:21:52,200 --> 00:21:58,200
you've heard it here. So anyway, Die was just yeah,

377
00:21:58,720 --> 00:22:01,480
this this spa was amazing. I could have spent more

378
00:22:01,559 --> 00:22:04,319
time there. I saw what was I saw a really

379
00:22:04,319 --> 00:22:06,799
cool milk weed. Fine, what was it? The metis Thelma

380
00:22:06,920 --> 00:22:13,480
Pringli right, And I saw Berkelia limonii conduplicata for conduplicate,

381
00:22:13,559 --> 00:22:17,279
that's folded leaves. At least I think that's the tentative identification.

382
00:22:17,359 --> 00:22:19,519
It's a Berkelia for sure, which is asked the race.

383
00:22:19,640 --> 00:22:24,440
It's in the Upatorium tribe, but had a really unique

384
00:22:24,480 --> 00:22:26,680
look to it, and it was growing on limestone. Anytime

385
00:22:26,720 --> 00:22:30,960
you're on these these stressful substrates like serpentine or limestone,

386
00:22:31,279 --> 00:22:35,720
or especially gypsum or sand dunes, or you also get laterites.

387
00:22:35,720 --> 00:22:37,519
That's another kind of soil that tends to cause the

388
00:22:37,519 --> 00:22:40,920
depic endemism. You gotta look at the plants there and

389
00:22:40,960 --> 00:22:44,359
assume that at least half of them are obligate to

390
00:22:44,440 --> 00:22:47,519
that soil. There's others that will just tolerate it, but

391
00:22:47,640 --> 00:22:49,640
at least half of those plant species are going to

392
00:22:49,680 --> 00:22:53,880
be obligates, all right. Stenaria puliana is another one of them.

393
00:22:54,599 --> 00:22:56,640
Concede is on my iinaturalist. If you want to take

394
00:22:56,640 --> 00:23:01,119
a look Garia goldmannii. Saw that rare oak too. Another

395
00:23:01,200 --> 00:23:05,440
it's it's it looks kind of like Quirkus gravesy eye,

396
00:23:05,799 --> 00:23:07,440
all right. It's in the red oak section. So it's

397
00:23:07,480 --> 00:23:13,400
got those those heavily two leaves, those lob leaves, uh

398
00:23:13,720 --> 00:23:19,799
section lobit low lobit. But it it quote looks different.

399
00:23:19,799 --> 00:23:23,119
It's got a different gestalt from the Quirkus gravesyt that

400
00:23:23,160 --> 00:23:25,640
you see on Ignius. So this is probably a different

401
00:23:25,680 --> 00:23:29,039
subspecies or maybe a different species altogether. The DNA will

402
00:23:29,079 --> 00:23:33,200
have to be looked at from true Quirkus gravesy eye.

403
00:23:33,240 --> 00:23:35,640
But it's not named yet. It's not you know. But

404
00:23:35,720 --> 00:23:37,519
all the oak nerds I talked to are like, this

405
00:23:37,640 --> 00:23:40,240
is different. It's fucking weird. And it was growing with

406
00:23:40,279 --> 00:23:42,480
the ma drones in this narrow canyon on a video

407
00:23:42,480 --> 00:23:45,000
that I have yet to edit. I'm so fucking stressed

408
00:23:45,039 --> 00:23:47,359
in man I'm like, you know, I'm really, I'm really

409
00:23:47,799 --> 00:23:50,480
I've just stopped responding to emails. I respond to text

410
00:23:50,599 --> 00:23:57,079
like two days later anyway. But collected a few acorns,

411
00:23:57,079 --> 00:23:59,359
sent them to a friend the Germany. I think James

412
00:23:59,359 --> 00:24:02,039
Piece is gonna try try growing those pence them en back.

413
00:24:02,119 --> 00:24:04,559
Refolius was there too. It's a penstemen that the leaves

414
00:24:04,559 --> 00:24:08,559
look like a baccharis I guess, I don't know. They

415
00:24:08,640 --> 00:24:11,279
kind of look like a baggers hummingbird and lepidopter and

416
00:24:11,359 --> 00:24:15,359
poll pollination red tube flowers. It's a pollination syndrome for

417
00:24:15,480 --> 00:24:20,839
hummingbird and butterfly pollination. Uh and uh and yeah, it's

418
00:24:20,880 --> 00:24:23,880
only it's frequently growing out of crevices and rock walls

419
00:24:23,880 --> 00:24:26,599
that Circium turnari the flowers weren't open. It's got red

420
00:24:26,640 --> 00:24:29,880
flowers too. That seems to be another hummingbird. Hummingbird obligate

421
00:24:29,880 --> 00:24:33,880
with a narrow distribution, growing out of cracks and limestone.

422
00:24:34,119 --> 00:24:36,359
But you know, this is one of those spots, especially

423
00:24:36,400 --> 00:24:38,200
this one that I was at, where you just keep

424
00:24:38,240 --> 00:24:40,440
going back at the landowner's cool. I know them so

425
00:24:40,519 --> 00:24:47,359
like able to get consistent access, but uh god, there's

426
00:24:47,400 --> 00:24:49,480
just so much there there's so much to study, you know,

427
00:24:50,640 --> 00:24:54,119
take notes, take photos, take a shift ton of video.

428
00:24:56,000 --> 00:24:58,119
It just it, like with anything, always drives me enough.

429
00:24:58,200 --> 00:25:02,400
There's there's not enough people studying this stuff, and especially

430
00:25:02,440 --> 00:25:04,759
not just enough people studying this stuff on their own,

431
00:25:04,799 --> 00:25:06,359
like in their free time. Like if you get free

432
00:25:06,359 --> 00:25:09,119
time and you're able to go out to these places,

433
00:25:09,160 --> 00:25:11,119
do it. But you know, that's the fucking crux of

434
00:25:11,240 --> 00:25:14,759
that's the that's the issue with Texas in generalist there's

435
00:25:14,759 --> 00:25:18,400
so much fucking private land and no access. There's so

436
00:25:18,480 --> 00:25:21,799
many cool things that are hidden, not only from the

437
00:25:21,799 --> 00:25:25,359
general public but from scientists and researchers because they can't

438
00:25:25,400 --> 00:25:30,960
get access to it. So that Garya goldmani. I Garya

439
00:25:31,119 --> 00:25:34,160
is weird. The silk tassels opposite leaves. The stems kind

440
00:25:34,160 --> 00:25:37,680
of look, they've got these weird they look the nodes

441
00:25:37,759 --> 00:25:41,079
have these striations around them, so it looks like there's

442
00:25:41,119 --> 00:25:44,240
like segmented stems. Sometimes it's kind of kind of odd.

443
00:25:44,759 --> 00:25:48,599
But Garia goldmani the silk tassels are wild too. I

444
00:25:48,640 --> 00:25:50,680
who knows how many different species there, I don't know

445
00:25:50,680 --> 00:25:54,039
who's studying them. They're a weird family. Only one or

446
00:25:54,039 --> 00:25:57,960
two genera in that family. But that was there too,

447
00:25:58,839 --> 00:26:01,440
you know, the fucking oh god, there was a cool

448
00:26:01,519 --> 00:26:05,359
setum too. It's nanifolium, or it's Robert seeing them. I

449
00:26:05,400 --> 00:26:08,200
don't even know if I think it's understudied. I couldn't

450
00:26:08,200 --> 00:26:11,200
find a paper on it, a piper in it. It was.

451
00:26:11,480 --> 00:26:14,680
It's in floor of North America. I had Adam Black

452
00:26:14,880 --> 00:26:17,240
look at that one and figure out what the fuck

453
00:26:18,240 --> 00:26:21,319
ah that was. But it's a rare. It's like a

454
00:26:21,359 --> 00:26:25,440
reddish colored seedum with yellow flowers growing on bare exposures

455
00:26:25,440 --> 00:26:28,000
of limestone, not on bear. But you know, I'm sure

456
00:26:28,039 --> 00:26:30,720
there's a little bit of limestone dust in those crevices,

457
00:26:30,720 --> 00:26:34,359
but there's almost no soil. There was ciono this pasta florists,

458
00:26:34,400 --> 00:26:37,720
there cno this genus and the buckthorn family super species

459
00:26:37,799 --> 00:26:40,519
rich in California, of course, there's like eighty species out there.

460
00:26:40,880 --> 00:26:44,000
Some of them are fucking stunners, bright purple flowers, cool

461
00:26:44,079 --> 00:26:47,839
leaves covered in still model wax, so they've got that

462
00:26:48,000 --> 00:26:51,160
white kind of waxy ab axial service to the leave

463
00:26:51,240 --> 00:26:55,680
that looks looks really great, really cool. As you move east,

464
00:26:55,720 --> 00:26:57,960
you get fewer species, but there's still a few out there,

465
00:26:58,880 --> 00:27:02,079
cno this pasta or what was passive florist? What was

466
00:27:02,119 --> 00:27:05,359
the range on this? Is it a paucity of flowers?

467
00:27:05,400 --> 00:27:09,000
Is that why it's at? What is the range? And

468
00:27:09,079 --> 00:27:11,039
ce you know this pastive florist probably goes on up

469
00:27:11,039 --> 00:27:14,559
into New Mexico too, But oh yeah, it's it's in

470
00:27:14,680 --> 00:27:18,559
California as well, apparently, but I'm willing to bet those

471
00:27:18,599 --> 00:27:22,559
look far different. Those species in California look far The

472
00:27:22,640 --> 00:27:27,519
ecotypes in California look far different from the ecotypes in

473
00:27:27,519 --> 00:27:33,680
West Texas. There was also backrist Terronioides that wasn't growing

474
00:27:33,799 --> 00:27:36,519
on limestone. I think that was just not igneous. But

475
00:27:36,559 --> 00:27:39,400
it's a Terronia is a genus in South Africa of

476
00:27:39,440 --> 00:27:43,759
Astoraci that I remember seeing out there. And apparently whoever

477
00:27:43,839 --> 00:27:46,400
named this back ris is coyote bush species thought it

478
00:27:46,440 --> 00:27:51,759
looked like put Terronia with a p so and I

479
00:27:51,799 --> 00:27:55,160
actually I posted a photo of that, and a researcher

480
00:27:55,200 --> 00:27:57,960
who studies back ris, the back risk guy who's in

481
00:27:58,000 --> 00:27:59,720
Brazil and there's a shit ton of back rest down

482
00:27:59,720 --> 00:28:02,079
in Brazil Zil reached out to me and I'm actually

483
00:28:02,079 --> 00:28:05,519
gonna have him on the podcast, uh next week or

484
00:28:05,559 --> 00:28:08,640
the week after, which should be cool, because that genus

485
00:28:08,680 --> 00:28:11,799
is fucking everywhere in the Americas, in North and South America,

486
00:28:12,160 --> 00:28:14,599
the coyote bushes. You know, if you live in California,

487
00:28:14,880 --> 00:28:19,240
you know back Ris pillolaris. There's also back ris what

488
00:28:19,400 --> 00:28:23,759
is it, solicifolia, the Backris neglecta in central Texas, back

489
00:28:23,839 --> 00:28:26,839
Ris Halamafolia on the East coast, even up into New York,

490
00:28:27,160 --> 00:28:31,160
which I saw growing on Newtown Creek, growing naturalizes along

491
00:28:31,240 --> 00:28:33,559
Newtown Creek. I mean it's native to the East coast,

492
00:28:33,559 --> 00:28:36,960
but it's backwards. Halmafoyia is very salt tolerant, I think,

493
00:28:37,000 --> 00:28:40,839
so you get it adapting to saltier environments like the

494
00:28:40,960 --> 00:28:46,839
roadsides of uh, you know, eastern eastern freeways. You know,

495
00:28:46,880 --> 00:28:50,279
if they like use road salt, you know, somebody's It's

496
00:28:50,359 --> 00:28:53,000
kind of kind of an interesting phenomenon that occurs where

497
00:28:53,039 --> 00:28:56,519
some of these plants that you know, grew coastal and

498
00:28:56,559 --> 00:28:59,400
have evolved tolerance to salt spray also end up thriving

499
00:28:59,400 --> 00:29:03,279
on a margin of freeways now and you know, which

500
00:29:03,319 --> 00:29:06,799
is not where they evolved obviously, you know, growing further inland.

501
00:29:06,839 --> 00:29:09,200
But they've got an edge because they can tolerate all

502
00:29:09,200 --> 00:29:12,039
that road salt. Yes, So you say, what, We're written

503
00:29:12,039 --> 00:29:14,000
a paper on road salt, on the use of de

504
00:29:14,319 --> 00:29:18,200
icing road salt in places like Chicago and uh in

505
00:29:18,240 --> 00:29:21,599
the Northeast, and its effect on what plants can grow

506
00:29:21,599 --> 00:29:24,200
in a certain place. Because that's that's a fucking that's

507
00:29:24,200 --> 00:29:27,839
a soil stressor I'll say it's it's a selection pressure.

508
00:29:27,920 --> 00:29:32,519
That's a stressing force that'll cause some species to thrive

509
00:29:32,559 --> 00:29:35,240
and some to not do so well. Another plant that

510
00:29:35,279 --> 00:29:40,440
I saw on the limestone here was a Thelisperma laune apiece,

511
00:29:40,480 --> 00:29:43,440
which is like a subshrubby thelisperma. If you know thelisperma,

512
00:29:43,480 --> 00:29:45,440
you probably know the annual ones. I guess maybe some

513
00:29:45,480 --> 00:29:47,960
of them are. Some other ones are perennial. It's common

514
00:29:48,000 --> 00:29:51,599
in Texas. I've seen it in the deserts too. Uh.

515
00:29:51,680 --> 00:29:53,839
It is what tribe? Is it? Is? It? Is it

516
00:29:53,880 --> 00:29:57,559
in choreopsity? Is it related to choreopsis? I'm pretty sure.

517
00:29:58,680 --> 00:30:01,839
But there's a you know, or it's not. Thelosperma simplicit filium,

518
00:30:01,880 --> 00:30:04,799
Thilosperma philifolium. They're pretty common, but this was one that

519
00:30:04,920 --> 00:30:09,079
was woody. It had a woody sub stem and it's

520
00:30:09,160 --> 00:30:12,160
kind of it's kind of rare. It grows in, it

521
00:30:12,200 --> 00:30:15,039
grows around Tucson. Wonderf it grows in limestone there too.

522
00:30:15,799 --> 00:30:18,680
The fucking limestone floora of southern Arizona is is that's

523
00:30:18,720 --> 00:30:20,640
amazing too. You see a change up if you're in

524
00:30:20,640 --> 00:30:23,519
southern Arizona. Look for the limestone like in the Waterman

525
00:30:23,559 --> 00:30:27,160
Mountains or some all right, or download the app rock

526
00:30:27,200 --> 00:30:29,640
the r C k D, look for the limestone exposures,

527
00:30:30,359 --> 00:30:33,559
learn about the difference between limestone and igneous, and then

528
00:30:33,599 --> 00:30:36,079
of course the two sub types of igneous extrusive in

529
00:30:36,119 --> 00:30:42,279
igneous or extrusive and intrusive igneous. But uh, but you know,

530
00:30:42,319 --> 00:30:46,039
there's there's limestone mountains with different different plant community on them,

531
00:30:46,440 --> 00:30:50,599
and in southern Arizona, whereas most of Arizona, at least

532
00:30:50,599 --> 00:30:54,279
in an area, is volcanic. All that vulcanism, I think

533
00:30:54,359 --> 00:30:56,839
is probably related to the same volcanism that was occurring

534
00:30:56,839 --> 00:30:59,680
in West Texas, et cetera. So you get vulcanism and

535
00:30:59,720 --> 00:31:03,759
lime stone, two vastly different types in Arizona, New Mexico

536
00:31:04,000 --> 00:31:08,160
and Texas. But anyway, oh god, I gotta get into

537
00:31:08,160 --> 00:31:10,559
fucking Oklahoma. Too. That was cool. That was a nice

538
00:31:10,559 --> 00:31:14,119
fucking experience. You know, I've really I've I've I've it's

539
00:31:14,119 --> 00:31:16,839
been a minute since I've done these solo rant podcasts.

540
00:31:17,119 --> 00:31:18,799
I need to keep up on it. It's nice, you know.

541
00:31:18,799 --> 00:31:23,400
It's just just just keeping keeping a lag of events,

542
00:31:24,519 --> 00:31:27,000
uh and making sure that I, you know, am able

543
00:31:27,039 --> 00:31:28,720
to tell people about all the cool ship I've seen

544
00:31:28,720 --> 00:31:31,680
in these different places, like the Wichita Mountains, not the

545
00:31:32,039 --> 00:31:37,240
not the watch watchitah, but the Wichita Mountains of Oklahoma,

546
00:31:37,319 --> 00:31:41,400
southwest of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma is nice. It's like a kinder,

547
00:31:41,440 --> 00:31:46,160
gentler Texas. But anyway, Yeah, this steel is from a

548
00:31:46,200 --> 00:31:49,000
lone Laune apiece is somewhat rare. I think the majority

549
00:31:49,000 --> 00:31:51,400
of the populations in New Mexico it goes into, it

550
00:31:51,440 --> 00:31:54,440
goes into northern Cohuela, Mexico as well. But it's a

551
00:31:54,440 --> 00:31:57,160
fucking great plant. I collected some of that seed and

552
00:31:57,240 --> 00:31:59,440
sent it to some of my friends that have nurseries

553
00:31:59,480 --> 00:32:01,279
and hopefully they grow it too. I'd love to see

554
00:32:01,279 --> 00:32:04,400
in cultivation. So often it's all the time this happened.

555
00:32:04,480 --> 00:32:06,079
But why is this not in cultivation? Why is this

556
00:32:06,160 --> 00:32:08,240
not in cultivation? Imagine if you went to a fucking

557
00:32:09,440 --> 00:32:12,920
you know. That's my dream, okay, is to go into

558
00:32:12,960 --> 00:32:15,319
like I mean, my dream is for the Shitty Strip

559
00:32:15,319 --> 00:32:18,400
Mall to not exist and to like be walkable instead.

560
00:32:18,440 --> 00:32:20,160
But if you go to the Shitty Strip Mall parking

561
00:32:20,160 --> 00:32:23,279
lot and there's native plants planted there, like you know,

562
00:32:23,440 --> 00:32:26,960
and then all the fucking native pollinators and cool birds

563
00:32:26,960 --> 00:32:29,680
and shit are back, you know too, Like we're seeing

564
00:32:29,839 --> 00:32:35,599
vast insect declines, you know, exponentially decreasing populations of insects,

565
00:32:35,920 --> 00:32:39,440
exponentially decreasing populations of birds. You know. It's the human

566
00:32:39,480 --> 00:32:42,960
population takes more for itself and leaves less for everything

567
00:32:43,000 --> 00:32:46,880
else and has not normalized living with the rest of

568
00:32:46,880 --> 00:32:49,160
the living world or appreciating the rest of the living world.

569
00:32:49,799 --> 00:32:51,599
It was on a panel discussion we talked about that

570
00:32:51,680 --> 00:32:56,759
last night and the vast paradigm shift that's needed within

571
00:32:57,000 --> 00:33:00,759
society at large, even you know, the dominant society, uh,

572
00:33:00,920 --> 00:33:05,880
to help reduce the amount of mass extinction going on,

573
00:33:06,279 --> 00:33:09,400
which will eventually affect us as well. Anyway, Uh, okay,

574
00:33:10,359 --> 00:33:12,960
But to the back to the plants of the limestone

575
00:33:12,960 --> 00:33:17,079
in West Texas, so Dela Sperma longe apes collected seed

576
00:33:17,119 --> 00:33:19,720
of that I need like another little fanny peck, like

577
00:33:19,759 --> 00:33:22,480
a little fanny bag, you know, to clip ont of

578
00:33:22,480 --> 00:33:26,400
the belt to uh to for seed storage, because I

579
00:33:26,440 --> 00:33:29,039
can't keep all the ship in my pockets. Ariogonum harassedy

580
00:33:29,079 --> 00:33:32,920
of fulium. That's another cool buckwheat that would go great

581
00:33:32,960 --> 00:33:36,119
in a fucking garden, bright yellow sulfur yellow flowers. Just

582
00:33:36,119 --> 00:33:39,480
a fucking the buckwheats are so fucking dope. Ariogonum harassed

583
00:33:39,480 --> 00:33:44,279
to folium and Ariogonum lounge of folium are too, uh

584
00:33:44,480 --> 00:33:47,759
harassed to filium. After what is it herasium, which is

585
00:33:47,799 --> 00:33:51,240
a type of it's a chicory. I think apparently someone

586
00:33:51,240 --> 00:33:53,519
thought the leaves looked like horacium. But this is a

587
00:33:53,559 --> 00:33:58,160
little known buckwheat. Uh Ariogonum harassing filium. Of course. Ariagonum

588
00:33:58,160 --> 00:34:00,400
the genus has like three hundred species in it only

589
00:34:00,400 --> 00:34:04,000
get a few in Texas, maybe like a dozen or

590
00:34:04,000 --> 00:34:08,000
so in Texas. But this and an Ariogonum launge foi

591
00:34:08,039 --> 00:34:12,679
in which you get in Oklahoma too. Someone needs to

592
00:34:12,679 --> 00:34:15,199
girl the shit out of them. The seeds, the achenes,

593
00:34:15,360 --> 00:34:17,199
it's a single seeded fruit, so it just looks like

594
00:34:17,199 --> 00:34:19,119
a little onion. The seeds look like a little onion,

595
00:34:19,679 --> 00:34:23,480
and you know the typical buckwheat flower morphology. You've got

596
00:34:23,559 --> 00:34:26,599
an involucar, which looks like a little vase, and then

597
00:34:26,599 --> 00:34:31,360
you've got all these tiny individual flowers or florets. Use

598
00:34:31,400 --> 00:34:34,039
the term floor it when it's a small flower and

599
00:34:34,079 --> 00:34:36,840
it's grouped with a bunch of other tiny flowers, right

600
00:34:36,960 --> 00:34:39,440
like just like an asteraci the capitulum, the floor it's

601
00:34:39,880 --> 00:34:43,079
the tiny florets on the buckwheat are you know, in

602
00:34:43,199 --> 00:34:47,320
volocra will have a number of tiny florets, you know,

603
00:34:47,440 --> 00:34:49,639
and there it's like a flower that's held by this

604
00:34:49,679 --> 00:34:52,559
little stipe and they kind of dump out. Sometimes they're erect.

605
00:34:52,599 --> 00:34:55,280
Sometimes they just kind of dump out arch out of

606
00:34:55,280 --> 00:34:58,960
the vase, right like wilted roses in a vase. But

607
00:34:59,039 --> 00:35:03,039
the flowers are fucking dope. They're they're they lit up

608
00:35:03,039 --> 00:35:05,519
with pollinators. They look fucking awesome in a garden, you know,

609
00:35:05,519 --> 00:35:07,679
when you're trying to create that soothing bit of peace

610
00:35:08,079 --> 00:35:11,559
to come to come back to, you know, and serve

611
00:35:11,599 --> 00:35:14,360
as the antidote to all the things that make you

612
00:35:14,400 --> 00:35:16,599
want a puke that you've just had to experience in

613
00:35:16,639 --> 00:35:20,719
your day to day reality when you've been out in

614
00:35:20,960 --> 00:35:23,639
modern consumer society or at a job you hate, or

615
00:35:23,679 --> 00:35:26,159
whatever you want to it's a good this buck, we

616
00:35:26,239 --> 00:35:30,280
would go great. And that cocktail, that figurative cocktail. It

617
00:35:30,360 --> 00:35:35,239
is a native plant, garden, et cetera. So anyway, but

618
00:35:35,320 --> 00:35:38,039
those each individual floor will have a single seed in it,

619
00:35:38,079 --> 00:35:40,400
and it looks like a little onion. And so I'll

620
00:35:40,440 --> 00:35:42,360
just go and when I see that the flowers have

621
00:35:42,440 --> 00:35:45,320
withered or they're brown, I'll just go, you know, put

622
00:35:45,320 --> 00:35:47,880
my hand around the whole stem, pull up and get

623
00:35:47,880 --> 00:35:50,719
all those things and throw them in a little bag

624
00:35:50,800 --> 00:35:52,639
and then dissect them later. And then I've got this.

625
00:35:52,800 --> 00:35:54,639
You know, I've had to use a microscope on some

626
00:35:54,639 --> 00:35:56,280
of these things to see if the seed is good.

627
00:35:56,320 --> 00:35:58,639
Like you know, I was collecting Leantric's punk toatta seed

628
00:35:58,760 --> 00:36:02,960
roadside and West Texas fucking blazing star that's super drought tolerant,

629
00:36:02,960 --> 00:36:05,960
heat tolerant, forms a little corm in the ground, and

630
00:36:06,320 --> 00:36:09,480
you know, I started cutting the actual not just the seeds,

631
00:36:09,519 --> 00:36:12,079
but the whole involucres open. When you cut the involocro open,

632
00:36:12,159 --> 00:36:14,440
you could see all the seeds inside. You know, a

633
00:36:14,440 --> 00:36:19,199
lot of the liatris in volacars, which is sunflower family terminology.

634
00:36:19,280 --> 00:36:21,320
It's like again, like the vase that holds the flowers.

635
00:36:21,360 --> 00:36:23,800
Think of the involocar is the vase that holds the flowers.

636
00:36:23,920 --> 00:36:29,760
I'd cut the in volacral open in volucre and I'd see,

637
00:36:30,119 --> 00:36:33,280
you know, two like there'd se be like eight seeds

638
00:36:33,280 --> 00:36:35,079
in there. Six would be hollow, and two would have

639
00:36:35,119 --> 00:36:38,280
white endosperm and embryo in them. Of course, it's how

640
00:36:38,320 --> 00:36:40,480
you tell it. The seed's good. You've destroyed the seed,

641
00:36:40,480 --> 00:36:42,440
but you at least know that that plant is producing

642
00:36:43,000 --> 00:36:45,800
fertile seed. And I was doing the same thing with

643
00:36:45,880 --> 00:36:49,280
rust Verians, which has a whole clusterfuck of dan Osage

644
00:36:49,360 --> 00:36:51,599
explained it to me. Of germination. You've got to, you know,

645
00:36:51,679 --> 00:36:56,039
he purees them gently for like pulsing, like he pulses

646
00:36:56,119 --> 00:36:58,559
them in a blender, because that red seed. You gotta

647
00:36:58,559 --> 00:37:00,679
get that red shit off and you've got the little

648
00:37:00,679 --> 00:37:04,199
seed inside and just sift that with water, put it

649
00:37:04,239 --> 00:37:06,000
in water, sift the seed out, and then you've got

650
00:37:06,039 --> 00:37:09,480
to He treats them with like hydrochloric acid for thirty

651
00:37:09,559 --> 00:37:13,719
minutes to eat away at the seed coat forget what

652
00:37:13,719 --> 00:37:16,119
the solution of hydrochloric acid was. I wrote this stuff down.

653
00:37:16,159 --> 00:37:18,239
I should probably reference it now, but I'm kind of lazy,

654
00:37:18,280 --> 00:37:20,159
so I'm not going to. You're eating away at the

655
00:37:20,199 --> 00:37:22,320
seed coat, and this is a way to speed up germination.

656
00:37:22,360 --> 00:37:25,199
Otherwise those seeds would take forever for the seed coat

657
00:37:25,559 --> 00:37:27,599
to get eaten and for the seed to germinate. Because

658
00:37:27,639 --> 00:37:30,800
remember not seed, you know, it's seeds in nature aren't

659
00:37:30,840 --> 00:37:33,880
like seeds you buy at a fucking garden center where

660
00:37:33,880 --> 00:37:37,159
they all the seeds germinated once. Right, that's not evolutionarily

661
00:37:37,199 --> 00:37:42,480
adaptive in nature. It's more it's more beneficial. Some germinate now,

662
00:37:42,559 --> 00:37:45,000
some germinate a year or two from now, you know,

663
00:37:45,079 --> 00:37:47,920
so that if if they all germinate it once in

664
00:37:47,960 --> 00:37:53,480
a catastrophic event like a flood or you know, a

665
00:37:54,760 --> 00:37:56,960
grazer comes by and herbi wore comes by and just

666
00:37:57,039 --> 00:38:00,920
nips everything down, moves on, you know, at least there's

667
00:38:00,960 --> 00:38:03,599
still some seeds backed up in the soil seed bank.

668
00:38:03,719 --> 00:38:07,559
So anyway, but yeah, so I was I was collected

669
00:38:07,559 --> 00:38:10,639
to see that collected seed to that areagona. My Adelphia

670
00:38:10,679 --> 00:38:13,400
Infesta is another cool plant. The god some of the

671
00:38:13,400 --> 00:38:16,480
buckthorn family. Man, there's so many cool buckthorn family members

672
00:38:17,119 --> 00:38:20,400
in the dry areas of North America. Adelphia Infested is

673
00:38:20,400 --> 00:38:24,239
a great one. I would love to uh this acorn

674
00:38:24,320 --> 00:38:26,840
was good. Where did it come from? It was another

675
00:38:26,920 --> 00:38:30,519
one that would be uh great in gardens. It's got

676
00:38:30,559 --> 00:38:39,119
photosynthetic stems opposite leaves, those multi carpoled fruits that probably explosively.

677
00:38:39,280 --> 00:38:41,400
The hiss like pop open, just like a lot of

678
00:38:41,440 --> 00:38:44,800
members of UP four BA do, like the manahats or

679
00:38:44,840 --> 00:38:49,440
the jet Trophia cathartica does. And I had Jetropha cathartica

680
00:38:49,480 --> 00:38:51,079
seeds at my desk once. They were just popping. I

681
00:38:51,159 --> 00:38:56,880
hear these little pops anyway, It's a great dispersal mechanism

682
00:38:56,920 --> 00:39:01,199
for a seed. But I wonder about the buck thorns

683
00:39:01,199 --> 00:39:03,519
like that. How do you remove the germination inhibitors on them?

684
00:39:03,639 --> 00:39:06,360
Some need fire, especially if you're in California like some

685
00:39:06,400 --> 00:39:11,920
of the Cno, this need fire, Some need scarification, or

686
00:39:11,960 --> 00:39:14,159
it could just be the seed coat degrading over a

687
00:39:14,199 --> 00:39:17,360
certain amount of time, et cetera. God, I saw this,

688
00:39:17,480 --> 00:39:20,159
fucking man. I've sent a bunch of nice rattlesnakes too,

689
00:39:20,400 --> 00:39:22,719
like lurking in the road and not dead yet, so

690
00:39:22,800 --> 00:39:25,400
I'll move their asses off the road, because that's a bummer.

691
00:39:25,599 --> 00:39:28,360
I see when I see a rattlesnake that's dead in

692
00:39:28,360 --> 00:39:30,320
the middle of the road, that bums me out. I

693
00:39:30,320 --> 00:39:32,880
don't want to see. It is purely selfish, right, not

694
00:39:33,000 --> 00:39:35,039
doing it just for the rattlesnake. I'm doing it for myself.

695
00:39:35,400 --> 00:39:37,480
You know, it's like the the opposite. I remember, like

696
00:39:37,639 --> 00:39:39,840
how good you feel one like you know you learn

697
00:39:39,920 --> 00:39:47,039
Anthony Scalia died or James Enhoff died, right, real fucking villains, right.

698
00:39:47,239 --> 00:39:49,000
Granted they would have been cooler if they died thirty

699
00:39:49,079 --> 00:39:51,199
years earlier, but you know, I'll take I'll take what

700
00:39:51,239 --> 00:39:53,519
I can get as good as you feel when that appens.

701
00:39:53,679 --> 00:39:56,039
It feels just as terrible when you see a dead

702
00:39:56,079 --> 00:39:59,159
rattlesnake in the road. It makes me feel bad. So

703
00:39:59,239 --> 00:40:01,760
I moved one off. It was a black tailed rattlesnake.

704
00:40:01,800 --> 00:40:05,000
It was crodalist orneatus. I'm not sure if that is

705
00:40:05,039 --> 00:40:07,360
the common thought. I thought black tails are a different name,

706
00:40:07,360 --> 00:40:11,079
but anyway, crodalist ornadis. And then there was another rattlesnake

707
00:40:11,119 --> 00:40:12,159
I saw in the middle of the road that I

708
00:40:12,159 --> 00:40:14,679
thought was black diamond. It was a black diamond or

709
00:40:14,719 --> 00:40:18,719
a Western diamondback. Excuse me, excuse it. I do these

710
00:40:18,760 --> 00:40:22,079
malapropisms all the time. You'll have to forgive me. I

711
00:40:22,119 --> 00:40:24,519
thought it was a Western diamondback, but it was extra spicy,

712
00:40:24,519 --> 00:40:26,079
and it was like striking at me, even though I

713
00:40:26,119 --> 00:40:28,559
had this stick. I was like, Jesus, fuck, it settled down, man.

714
00:40:29,360 --> 00:40:32,840
Uh and uh, I should have known that just because

715
00:40:32,840 --> 00:40:34,639
I had that black and white striped tail doesn't mean

716
00:40:34,679 --> 00:40:37,239
it's necessarily a Western diamondback. It was. This turned out

717
00:40:37,280 --> 00:40:41,000
to be Crodalist Scoot of Latest the Mojave Green, because

718
00:40:41,039 --> 00:40:43,920
I guess in some some of the populations are slightly green.

719
00:40:44,280 --> 00:40:46,880
Crodalist Scoot of Latest the Mojave Rattlesnake, which are known

720
00:40:46,920 --> 00:40:50,639
for not only having hemo toxic venom, but neurotoxic venom

721
00:40:50,800 --> 00:40:53,480
as well. I I've only seen it a few times

722
00:40:53,480 --> 00:40:55,960
before in the Mojave Desert, but you actually get them

723
00:40:55,960 --> 00:40:58,440
out here in West Texas and they're they're also very aggressive,

724
00:40:58,960 --> 00:41:04,079
like behaviorally, they're just super fucking aggressive. So you know,

725
00:41:04,480 --> 00:41:06,440
that made sense why he was so spicy. Like we

726
00:41:06,519 --> 00:41:08,719
drove away and the thing was still rattling. It's like

727
00:41:08,800 --> 00:41:11,119
Jesus Christ settled down, buddy, all right, take it easy.

728
00:41:11,519 --> 00:41:14,079
I should mention too, if you have a native plant

729
00:41:14,119 --> 00:41:17,000
nursery in Texas. I'm not just talking about backyard growers.

730
00:41:17,039 --> 00:41:19,599
It's you know, much respect to them. But unless I

731
00:41:19,599 --> 00:41:22,159
know you personally or senior operation, I don't. I just

732
00:41:23,199 --> 00:41:24,840
I want to get the nurseries first. But if you

733
00:41:24,920 --> 00:41:26,880
have a native plant nursery in Texas and you're looking

734
00:41:26,880 --> 00:41:29,880
for seeds of a specific species, send me an email.

735
00:41:29,920 --> 00:41:32,519
Crime pays about and he doesn't a Gmail. Can't promise

736
00:41:32,559 --> 00:41:35,360
you I'll respond anytime soon, but I will make a

737
00:41:35,360 --> 00:41:39,400
note of it. Especially the shorter you keep it the better,

738
00:41:39,639 --> 00:41:42,599
the more chance it'll get read. But just you know,

739
00:41:42,760 --> 00:41:46,000
say hey, I'm looking for species or seeds of this

740
00:41:46,079 --> 00:41:50,239
species or whatever, and I will try to collect it.

741
00:41:50,280 --> 00:41:53,039
I'll make a mental note to collect it, so you know,

742
00:41:53,119 --> 00:41:54,920
let me know, and then i'll whenever I collect it,

743
00:41:54,960 --> 00:41:58,199
I'll eventually write your back and I'll send you a

744
00:41:58,519 --> 00:42:00,960
We could work something out, you know. I can't believe

745
00:42:01,000 --> 00:42:06,000
that there's not like a large wholesale nursery located centrally.

746
00:42:06,039 --> 00:42:08,239
Probably it'd have to be somewhere around Austin or some

747
00:42:09,440 --> 00:42:12,639
for Texas natives, you know, like the the Joe the

748
00:42:12,760 --> 00:42:17,559
Jack Pizzo equivalent, who's a grower in a for the prairies,

749
00:42:17,719 --> 00:42:21,639
for the prairie basically for Illinois. But Sen's prairie plants everywhere.

750
00:42:22,320 --> 00:42:25,239
Uh you know, just grows species a ship done a

751
00:42:25,280 --> 00:42:27,719
species in a large scale like for restoration, like a

752
00:42:27,760 --> 00:42:30,960
wholesale I think, I think Pizzo Native nursery is mostly

753
00:42:31,840 --> 00:42:34,719
mostly wholesale. But we need something like that in Texas.

754
00:42:34,760 --> 00:42:38,280
I mean every region really needs that, you know. But

755
00:42:39,639 --> 00:42:41,679
I guess you'd be limited because you couldn't grow some

756
00:42:41,960 --> 00:42:44,920
South or West Texas stuff in Central Texas or there

757
00:42:44,960 --> 00:42:49,239
would be there'd certainly be obstacles because the climate is

758
00:42:49,280 --> 00:42:51,639
so different. But someone should at least try down in

759
00:42:51,679 --> 00:42:54,199
South Texas. There's a number of growers for fish and

760
00:42:54,239 --> 00:42:59,280
wildlife contracts, but uh man, we always need more of them.

761
00:42:59,320 --> 00:43:02,440
I sent the bu bunch of Prudence taxane is seed

762
00:43:02,440 --> 00:43:05,000
to James Lovegrin. I don't know if he got results.

763
00:43:05,039 --> 00:43:07,239
I sent some to Heap. They tried cracking them open

764
00:43:07,400 --> 00:43:09,519
and they didn't use a vice, so I think they

765
00:43:09,559 --> 00:43:11,039
ended up killing a lot of the seeds. But I

766
00:43:11,079 --> 00:43:14,440
sent so many seeds that so many different people, and

767
00:43:14,480 --> 00:43:17,960
I'll be selling seeds next year too, that surely many

768
00:43:18,000 --> 00:43:21,960
people will have luck. Mine just germinated. It took six months,

769
00:43:23,400 --> 00:43:25,519
but I guess you could speed that up, you know,

770
00:43:26,320 --> 00:43:29,719
by slowly cracking the seed code open with a vice.

771
00:43:29,920 --> 00:43:32,320
You know, the vice is key because it gives slow

772
00:43:33,000 --> 00:43:35,159
build up of pressure versus just like cracking them in

773
00:43:35,159 --> 00:43:37,639
a set of pliers where you might damage the embryo.

774
00:43:37,760 --> 00:43:39,719
But mine are up and now I've got to go

775
00:43:39,719 --> 00:43:41,360
put them in the ground because they've got that long

776
00:43:41,400 --> 00:43:45,400
ass root, that long tap root. You know, it'll be

777
00:43:45,440 --> 00:43:49,119
two inches Prudence taxana, which produces fucking delicious fruit and

778
00:43:49,239 --> 00:43:52,079
is just so sun and heat tolerant. And I can't

779
00:43:52,119 --> 00:43:54,760
believe there's not someone growing an orchard of these, because

780
00:43:54,760 --> 00:43:58,360
there should be. They're restricted mostly to the Texas sand Sheet.

781
00:43:58,480 --> 00:44:01,000
You get. There's a there's a population up by Lano too,

782
00:44:01,119 --> 00:44:04,679
but I don't know how extensive it is. There's only

783
00:44:04,760 --> 00:44:06,840
a few roadside, and then there's the rest of the

784
00:44:06,840 --> 00:44:09,079
populations on private land. But I can't believe nobody's growing

785
00:44:09,119 --> 00:44:11,719
this in mass because the fruit is fucking delicious. It

786
00:44:11,760 --> 00:44:15,239
tastes like apricots, but anyway you got to get you know,

787
00:44:15,239 --> 00:44:17,320
the ceilings will be two or three inches tall, of

788
00:44:17,360 --> 00:44:20,440
the taproots nine to ten inches deep. And that's their strategy.

789
00:44:20,440 --> 00:44:22,199
When you grow on a hot place, you said, you

790
00:44:22,440 --> 00:44:24,800
spend a lot of you send a lot of the

791
00:44:24,840 --> 00:44:29,280
carbohydrates and other photos photosyntheates down to the roots. You're

792
00:44:29,320 --> 00:44:32,480
trying to build up that root system, that storage system

793
00:44:32,480 --> 00:44:35,880
that you can dive back to if you know it

794
00:44:35,920 --> 00:44:38,960
doesn't rain for two or three months during a prolonged drought.

795
00:44:40,079 --> 00:44:45,199
But remember monocots don't generally produce tap roots, only dye cootstill,

796
00:44:45,280 --> 00:44:49,840
so monocuts generally have a fibrous roots system, and of

797
00:44:49,840 --> 00:44:53,159
course the grasses have C four photosynthesis, et cetera. You

798
00:44:53,199 --> 00:44:57,920
know where they use those bundle sheath, the bundle, the

799
00:44:58,000 --> 00:45:01,480
vascular bundle sheath, the sheath around the escar bundles. That's

800
00:45:01,480 --> 00:45:06,199
where they do the the majority of the photosynthesis where

801
00:45:06,199 --> 00:45:10,719
there's there's not much oxygen for the RuBisCO to UH

802
00:45:11,320 --> 00:45:14,480
bond with, you know, and because ribisco has an affinity

803
00:45:14,519 --> 00:45:17,079
for the oxygen, not just the carbon dioxide. And at

804
00:45:17,119 --> 00:45:20,800
higher temperatures especially UH, it'll you'll get that whole photo

805
00:45:20,840 --> 00:45:23,280
respiration thing. So the monocatch I got that sea four

806
00:45:23,320 --> 00:45:26,880
photosynthesis just a quick, just a quick you know, primer

807
00:45:27,599 --> 00:45:32,880
or or or refresher rather so anyway, Dahlia righty eye

808
00:45:33,079 --> 00:45:35,400
was grown on the limestone too. It's a it's a

809
00:45:35,440 --> 00:45:39,559
cool little dahlia with fuzzy, fuzzy leaves and yellow flowers

810
00:45:39,599 --> 00:45:42,880
and got it, just a fucking gray plant, but the

811
00:45:42,960 --> 00:45:47,199
seeds are not quite ready yet. Saw Sclepia scaposa too.

812
00:45:47,280 --> 00:45:51,079
That's another rare one, a rare milkweed with escape. And

813
00:45:51,400 --> 00:45:54,800
there was also Circlecarpus breviflorus there, which is a kind

814
00:45:54,840 --> 00:45:58,639
of a rare species of mountain mahoganies. The mountain mahoganies

815
00:45:58,679 --> 00:46:00,920
are in the rose family Rose. I see, there's so many.

816
00:46:00,920 --> 00:46:04,360
I fucking hate roses. Not true, not the genus Rosa,

817
00:46:04,400 --> 00:46:07,760
but just horticultural roses. I can't fucking stand them. You know,

818
00:46:07,800 --> 00:46:10,320
they symbolize the same cult that brought you the lawn,

819
00:46:10,400 --> 00:46:14,920
brings you the the overly bread and deranged horticultural roses,

820
00:46:14,960 --> 00:46:16,559
and I hate that. That's what most people think of

821
00:46:16,599 --> 00:46:19,800
when they think of, you know, a flower or a

822
00:46:19,840 --> 00:46:24,000
flowering plant. But anyway, I digress. Rosece is a cool family.

823
00:46:24,039 --> 00:46:27,840
Talk about Polylepus, the one of the highest I think

824
00:46:27,920 --> 00:46:31,760
the highest growing tree thing that can be considered a tree,

825
00:46:32,039 --> 00:46:34,960
the Polylepus growing at fifteen thousand feet in northern Chile.

826
00:46:35,079 --> 00:46:40,440
That's rose family too, Rosece. But Circocarpus breviflorus another plant

827
00:46:40,480 --> 00:46:44,599
that needs to be grown actively in native plant gardens.

828
00:46:44,639 --> 00:46:47,840
It's like a desert mountain. Mahogany grows in central and

829
00:46:47,960 --> 00:46:53,480
southern Arizona and the mountains grows in Albuquerque, grows Albuquerque

830
00:46:53,559 --> 00:46:59,199
through southern New Mexico. Uh, it grows in northern northern

831
00:46:59,280 --> 00:47:02,559
Mexico and Co and Chihuahua. And it grows in West Texas,

832
00:47:03,760 --> 00:47:06,719
especially like Davis Mountains. And I saw it a little.

833
00:47:06,719 --> 00:47:10,079
I saw it in a near marathon. But there are

834
00:47:10,159 --> 00:47:13,039
some great fucking uh you know. And they get those

835
00:47:13,119 --> 00:47:15,519
curly que seeds. It's like a little it's in a keen.

836
00:47:16,119 --> 00:47:18,360
A single seeded fruit looks like a grain of rice.

837
00:47:18,400 --> 00:47:21,079
Then it's got this this long tail on it that's

838
00:47:21,159 --> 00:47:24,480
like two inches long in some cases for wind dispersed,

839
00:47:24,480 --> 00:47:28,559
so a little plumost curly cue. Uh. So I collected

840
00:47:28,599 --> 00:47:32,239
some of those seeds too. They were probably just maturing.

841
00:47:32,480 --> 00:47:34,320
I think for a lot of seeds you can you

842
00:47:34,400 --> 00:47:38,880
can collect them before the tissue around it has you know,

843
00:47:39,039 --> 00:47:42,159
fully died and turned brown. I mean, because that's what

844
00:47:42,280 --> 00:47:45,079
seeds do. The fruits die and then the seeds stay alive.

845
00:47:45,239 --> 00:47:48,159
The tissue dies, and that's when it is fully mature,

846
00:47:48,199 --> 00:47:50,039
is when it comes off readily from the plant. But

847
00:47:50,239 --> 00:47:53,519
I think you can collect it just before then because

848
00:47:53,519 --> 00:47:55,599
at embryo is already formed, it probably just needs time

849
00:47:55,639 --> 00:48:00,679
to mature. But uh, anyway, I don't know. I fucking

850
00:48:00,719 --> 00:48:05,719
hope so. But anyway, so let's see, I think that's it.

851
00:48:06,000 --> 00:48:07,840
Was it? What else was there to talk about? Uh?

852
00:48:08,880 --> 00:48:14,559
In West Texas? I think it's mostly it. So I was. Yeah,

853
00:48:14,599 --> 00:48:19,480
so I I went up to uh Oklahoma City for

854
00:48:19,599 --> 00:48:22,000
the Fungus Fair. You know, the mycology people always tend

855
00:48:22,039 --> 00:48:23,840
to be a little bit more fun than the plant people.

856
00:48:23,880 --> 00:48:25,800
No offense to the plant people, but the plant people

857
00:48:25,960 --> 00:48:27,519
tend to be a little timid and a little bit

858
00:48:27,599 --> 00:48:31,320
more you know, submissive and not as crazy in a

859
00:48:31,400 --> 00:48:34,320
good way, whereas the mycology people tend to be you know,

860
00:48:34,360 --> 00:48:35,840
I don't know if because most of them got their

861
00:48:35,960 --> 00:48:39,960
their starting psychedelics and then then expanded their broadened their

862
00:48:40,039 --> 00:48:44,079
interest thank god to uh, you know, mushrooms in general,

863
00:48:44,320 --> 00:48:47,199
not just the psychedelic ones are what, but the mushroom

864
00:48:47,239 --> 00:48:48,920
people are always kind of fun. The fungus fairs are

865
00:48:48,960 --> 00:48:51,880
always kind of fun. Uh. It was. It was a

866
00:48:52,039 --> 00:48:56,559
fucking good time. So I appreciate them having me an outsider,

867
00:48:57,039 --> 00:49:00,719
a botanist, a plant person at their fair. And I

868
00:49:00,840 --> 00:49:03,559
went to uh that night, I got invited to some party.

869
00:49:03,599 --> 00:49:04,840
I went to the party. I don't go to party

870
00:49:04,840 --> 00:49:07,599
as much. I get fucking bored, especially if people are drinking.

871
00:49:07,639 --> 00:49:10,800
I can't stand fucking alcohol. God, it makes people fucking annoying.

872
00:49:11,400 --> 00:49:14,559
You know this, This this substance that numbs you to

873
00:49:14,599 --> 00:49:18,079
everything you should be feeling or thinking about, makes people

874
00:49:18,559 --> 00:49:21,119
think their conversations are more important than they are. That's

875
00:49:21,199 --> 00:49:24,760
coke too, though, But anyway, Uh, I get annoyed. No

876
00:49:24,840 --> 00:49:27,199
offense to anybody who drinks, obviously, I just don't care

877
00:49:27,280 --> 00:49:30,039
for it. It's fucking it intends to be annoying. But

878
00:49:30,920 --> 00:49:32,599
but it was like a weed party. I think I

879
00:49:32,639 --> 00:49:35,159
feel like it because Okay, weed's legal in Oklahoma City

880
00:49:35,800 --> 00:49:38,639
and I haven't smoked weed in probably a year, maybe

881
00:49:38,639 --> 00:49:40,480
a year and a half. I just I just can't

882
00:49:40,519 --> 00:49:42,920
get into it, and it mess with my memory. Even

883
00:49:42,960 --> 00:49:45,760
when I'm not stone, I end up being just more forgetful.

884
00:49:45,800 --> 00:49:48,039
It just gums up the gears of the mind. But

885
00:49:48,519 --> 00:49:52,760
it was so pleasant being at a party, comparatively being

886
00:49:52,800 --> 00:49:57,280
at a party like a weed party. Uh it was outdoors.

887
00:49:57,519 --> 00:49:59,639
It was like more of like a weed party slash expo,

888
00:50:00,119 --> 00:50:02,519
these like grow bros and shit there and people whatever.

889
00:50:03,440 --> 00:50:05,199
But it was so much more pleasant than being at

890
00:50:05,239 --> 00:50:08,480
a party where people are drinking, you know, and there's

891
00:50:08,639 --> 00:50:11,960
like people are fighting or there's someone puking or you know,

892
00:50:12,159 --> 00:50:14,840
being exceptionally loud, but not like in a good way.

893
00:50:16,320 --> 00:50:19,719
It was so laid back. It was it was you know,

894
00:50:20,320 --> 00:50:23,039
it was a pleasant experience overall. I still didn't want

895
00:50:23,079 --> 00:50:25,079
to stick around longer than forty minutes because I get

896
00:50:25,519 --> 00:50:29,360
incredibly bored, but you know, it was cool and then

897
00:50:29,559 --> 00:50:32,360
I ended up. It was funny at the at the

898
00:50:32,440 --> 00:50:35,000
Mushroom convention, there was this gentleman who looked he was

899
00:50:35,039 --> 00:50:38,079
a fucking Cowboy's like this big you know, looked like

900
00:50:38,159 --> 00:50:40,519
I kicked the shit out of your redneck, like six

901
00:50:40,599 --> 00:50:43,239
and a half feet tall, big dude wearing a cowboy hat,

902
00:50:44,800 --> 00:50:46,519
and I talked to him later at the party. Ended

903
00:50:46,599 --> 00:50:49,480
up being one of like the nicest people I've met,

904
00:50:49,639 --> 00:50:52,719
super laid back veteran. He's a cowboy, but he got

905
00:50:52,800 --> 00:51:01,280
into growing and breeding silassaby Hubenzi's primarily on animal ship,

906
00:51:01,360 --> 00:51:03,559
which is what it evolved for. It didn't, you know,

907
00:51:03,840 --> 00:51:07,079
Lospi kubensis didn't evolve for brown rice flour or grain

908
00:51:07,159 --> 00:51:12,760
spawn or any of that. It evolved decomposing plant material cellulose.

909
00:51:12,800 --> 00:51:16,440
It's already been partially decomposed by bacteria in an herbivorous gut,

910
00:51:17,480 --> 00:51:20,719
and so, uh yeah, it was cool. It was cool

911
00:51:20,800 --> 00:51:22,639
talking to him, you know, and just I guess he's

912
00:51:22,679 --> 00:51:25,679
like really well known in that community too for for

913
00:51:25,920 --> 00:51:29,000
growing and breeding, and uh yeah, it was It was

914
00:51:29,239 --> 00:51:31,159
you know, it was surprising because you know, you see

915
00:51:31,199 --> 00:51:33,760
someone You're like, oh God, this is this guy. Might

916
00:51:33,840 --> 00:51:36,199
you know I can get along with the redneckt theyve

917
00:51:36,199 --> 00:51:37,599
got a couple of redneck friends. But you know, it

918
00:51:37,679 --> 00:51:39,960
looks like someone who would not be you would not

919
00:51:40,880 --> 00:51:45,760
presume them to be growing it's psychedelic fungi, uh in

920
00:51:45,840 --> 00:51:49,559
any large capacity or breeding them et cetera. So, you know,

921
00:51:49,800 --> 00:51:52,119
props to him and power it to him, and we

922
00:51:52,280 --> 00:51:55,599
need more people like that, especially from that demographic. It

923
00:51:55,679 --> 00:51:59,239
was fucking great. Uh, just a just an overall good

924
00:51:59,320 --> 00:52:03,199
dude too. On the drive up the Oklahoma City, I

925
00:52:03,320 --> 00:52:06,599
stopped at in a little town called law in Oklahoma

926
00:52:06,639 --> 00:52:07,800
because I wanted to go to the Museum of the

927
00:52:07,840 --> 00:52:10,360
Great Plains. And I rolled up to the museum in

928
00:52:10,400 --> 00:52:12,360
the Great Planes like half an hour before they closed,

929
00:52:13,000 --> 00:52:14,519
but didn't go in because it was like a ten

930
00:52:14,599 --> 00:52:16,320
dollars fee and I was like, I'm only going to

931
00:52:16,360 --> 00:52:17,840
be here for half an Hour's not really worth it.

932
00:52:18,480 --> 00:52:20,440
I'll just look around. I'll see if they could potentially

933
00:52:20,559 --> 00:52:23,519
let me in for free. They weren't having it, uh,

934
00:52:23,800 --> 00:52:26,760
And I just checked out their gift shop and you know,

935
00:52:27,480 --> 00:52:29,079
shot the shit with the people there a little bit,

936
00:52:29,119 --> 00:52:31,360
the lady running the desk whatever, and then left. But

937
00:52:31,400 --> 00:52:35,360
it was funny because outside, uh, there's like this little

938
00:52:35,440 --> 00:52:38,280
park and uh, you know, at like a mode lawn

939
00:52:38,320 --> 00:52:42,679
and some trees and stuff. Very olmsteadying Frederick lolmes that

940
00:52:43,960 --> 00:52:46,760
in that park there were some of the fattest prairie dogs,

941
00:52:46,760 --> 00:52:49,280
the healthiest prairie dogs, I've ever seen. It was so

942
00:52:49,559 --> 00:52:51,840
funny man, and they were not afraid of people. I

943
00:52:51,920 --> 00:52:53,880
had the dogs out that my dogs don't chase them,

944
00:52:53,920 --> 00:52:56,840
and they responded to voice command, but I do. I

945
00:52:56,920 --> 00:52:59,360
only let my dog only it's only Louis. Really, Jack

946
00:52:59,400 --> 00:53:01,119
doesn't want to chase anything. But I let Louis chase

947
00:53:01,639 --> 00:53:04,920
you know, cats and and squirrels, which I think is good.

948
00:53:05,719 --> 00:53:07,800
Keeps the cats on their toes and the squirrels too.

949
00:53:07,920 --> 00:53:12,239
The squirrels are have an overabundant population and most human

950
00:53:12,639 --> 00:53:16,039
u within the boundaries of most human infrastructure. So but

951
00:53:16,199 --> 00:53:19,239
she didn't chase the prairie dogs and we just walked

952
00:53:19,280 --> 00:53:21,400
around and they were, you know, they were definitely on alert,

953
00:53:21,519 --> 00:53:24,599
but they were not afraid, and they looked so healthy.

954
00:53:24,639 --> 00:53:27,239
And then I found out later that they're I guess

955
00:53:27,639 --> 00:53:30,440
at the refuge nearby and the Wichita Mountains they're having

956
00:53:30,480 --> 00:53:34,480
issues with with prairie dogs dying, but here in town

957
00:53:34,480 --> 00:53:36,280
they're doing great. And there was another one that was

958
00:53:36,400 --> 00:53:38,840
like there was another prairie dog town behind the fucking

959
00:53:38,880 --> 00:53:40,960
shopping center. I had like seventy or eighty of these

960
00:53:41,679 --> 00:53:44,639
fat little bastards in it. It was so hilarious. To see.

961
00:53:44,840 --> 00:53:47,760
It was great. They were eating as scleepist on, not

962
00:53:47,880 --> 00:53:50,559
the roidies fruits, which was weird to me, but I

963
00:53:50,599 --> 00:53:53,880
guess they could do it. So but they were. They

964
00:53:53,920 --> 00:53:57,400
were everywhere. And then afterwards I went to the Wichita Mountains,

965
00:53:57,400 --> 00:53:59,119
which is a you know, I could see them from

966
00:53:59,159 --> 00:54:01,159
thirty miles away when I was as I was driving

967
00:54:01,199 --> 00:54:03,000
towards the law and I said, holy shit, those mounains

968
00:54:03,039 --> 00:54:05,440
look amazing. But there's some cool stuff up there, some

969
00:54:05,559 --> 00:54:07,559
cool plant species that you don't get in the lowland

970
00:54:07,599 --> 00:54:10,360
flatter areas. And sure enough there were. There was a

971
00:54:10,480 --> 00:54:15,599
really cool cactus, a kind of serious Reichenbachie. I think

972
00:54:15,639 --> 00:54:20,920
it's subspecies Bailey BAILEYI. But it doesn't look like the

973
00:54:21,079 --> 00:54:22,679
kind of series riking back at it we get on

974
00:54:22,679 --> 00:54:25,840
the Edwards Plateau in Texas. It has got longer spines,

975
00:54:25,840 --> 00:54:31,199
more of an orangish red color, really really cool. There

976
00:54:31,280 --> 00:54:36,800
was Myrioptrus rufa up there, Artemisia phili folia, which again

977
00:54:36,960 --> 00:54:39,280
is another great plant that should be in cultivation more

978
00:54:39,480 --> 00:54:42,840
native plant gardens. Heterothecas theenophyla was up there as well.

979
00:54:45,840 --> 00:54:48,800
Perinikia james I. Of course, it's not surprising that things

980
00:54:49,000 --> 00:54:53,280
things love, That thing loves growing on rocks with only

981
00:54:53,360 --> 00:54:58,840
a paucity of soil present. The Selaginella peruviana. I don't

982
00:54:58,840 --> 00:55:00,400
know if that was truly the speed she's I guess

983
00:55:00,400 --> 00:55:02,360
it's a pretty widespread species, but it was one of

984
00:55:02,400 --> 00:55:05,400
the spike mosses, so not a true moss that has

985
00:55:05,440 --> 00:55:09,599
a vascular system. Remember, it's a lycophyte related to uh,

986
00:55:10,199 --> 00:55:16,760
related to the uh lepidodendron, which was that those monstrous

987
00:55:16,840 --> 00:55:21,199
bastards growing in the carboniferous that whose dead dead bodies

988
00:55:21,280 --> 00:55:25,360
composed most of the the coal beds from that time period.

989
00:55:28,000 --> 00:55:32,039
But that spike moss was everywhere, so Laginella was everywhere.

990
00:55:32,079 --> 00:55:34,559
It's like a looking like a dirty carpet someone threw

991
00:55:34,599 --> 00:55:40,159
out on the rocks. Crotophytous cholaris the uh the collar

992
00:55:40,280 --> 00:55:44,079
the common collared lizard got it sn nice one big,

993
00:55:44,239 --> 00:55:46,159
like eight inch long guy with a nice with a

994
00:55:46,239 --> 00:55:49,639
nice orange and black collar around his neck. Uh. There

995
00:55:49,760 --> 00:55:51,880
was a cool oak that I assumed was just regular

996
00:55:51,960 --> 00:55:55,360
black jack o Quirkus marilandica, but Adam Black later told

997
00:55:55,400 --> 00:55:59,800
me it's a subspecies ashy eye, which I think might

998
00:56:00,280 --> 00:56:06,119
eventually get the get put into its own species. You know,

999
00:56:06,159 --> 00:56:08,639
it might be might become its own species, so who knows.

1000
00:56:10,079 --> 00:56:14,039
But it did look a little bit different from regular

1001
00:56:14,119 --> 00:56:16,840
black jack o quirk quirks Martlandica, which is again is

1002
00:56:16,880 --> 00:56:18,719
one of those species that you would expect to see

1003
00:56:18,760 --> 00:56:23,599
in a rockier area and god in West Texas. Before

1004
00:56:23,639 --> 00:56:26,280
that I stopped inside, I knew I've seen quirkus have rdii,

1005
00:56:26,719 --> 00:56:29,400
which is like a knee high oak. If that that

1006
00:56:29,480 --> 00:56:31,960
forms these massive colonies that can that are long lived.

1007
00:56:32,000 --> 00:56:34,360
I've seen it in Monahan Sand Dude State Park before,

1008
00:56:34,719 --> 00:56:37,719
which is also a great place to see Uploka convolvulasia,

1009
00:56:38,320 --> 00:56:41,599
which is a fucking moth pollinated uploka. It's in boragin Ac.

1010
00:56:41,719 --> 00:56:44,559
It's got these little white radar disc flowers that smell

1011
00:56:44,639 --> 00:56:49,239
incredible bloom at night. Collected some seed of that where

1012
00:56:49,280 --> 00:56:54,480
I had seen it growing roadside. But anyway, I've seen

1013
00:56:54,519 --> 00:56:56,320
quirkersa have alrd I there. But I didn't realize I

1014
00:56:56,400 --> 00:57:00,000
passed by a couple of fields that like agricultural field.

1015
00:57:00,000 --> 00:57:03,280
It was that the landowner had just let go, you know,

1016
00:57:03,440 --> 00:57:07,199
just kind of abandoned north of there. En route because

1017
00:57:07,199 --> 00:57:11,360
I took this route from Alpine to to Oklahoma City,

1018
00:57:12,079 --> 00:57:14,599
and there were whole fields where this oak had taken over.

1019
00:57:14,679 --> 00:57:17,440
It was. It was that spiny grass CenTra spin effects

1020
00:57:17,480 --> 00:57:19,400
that the fucking dogs hate. I hate, kind of hate

1021
00:57:19,440 --> 00:57:21,760
it too, all right. I guess I'm just more amused.

1022
00:57:21,800 --> 00:57:24,519
I find it funny because it's a native species, that grass,

1023
00:57:24,679 --> 00:57:28,599
But God, it's really fucking brutal. Those sharp seeds, those

1024
00:57:28,840 --> 00:57:32,639
sharp fruits go in you. But there was that, and

1025
00:57:32,719 --> 00:57:34,960
there was a yucca and some onathra, of course, but

1026
00:57:35,079 --> 00:57:38,440
there was this quirke as Havardi. I was fucking everywhere

1027
00:57:38,760 --> 00:57:43,400
like just forming. You know, a thicket like eighteen inches tall.

1028
00:57:43,480 --> 00:57:46,800
If that, I dug one up for an erbarian aboucher,

1029
00:57:47,000 --> 00:57:49,320
and you know, it's basically got this underground stem and

1030
00:57:49,440 --> 00:57:51,679
it spreads laterally. It's such a cool oak, and it's

1031
00:57:51,719 --> 00:57:55,079
such a cool adaptive strategy. I wonder how old it

1032
00:57:55,159 --> 00:57:58,039
is as a species and what it evolved out of.

1033
00:57:58,800 --> 00:58:01,760
But uh, you know, I've heard they some get three

1034
00:58:01,880 --> 00:58:04,440
or four feet tall sometimes. I didn't see any of

1035
00:58:04,480 --> 00:58:07,679
that here. They were all sixteen inches tall. But they

1036
00:58:07,719 --> 00:58:09,639
can live for a long time. I put a post

1037
00:58:09,719 --> 00:58:12,199
up on Instagram and some guy who's studying at commented,

1038
00:58:13,679 --> 00:58:17,000
It's a fascinating fucking out because you normally think of

1039
00:58:17,119 --> 00:58:19,599
oaks as being these large trees, right, but this thing

1040
00:58:20,320 --> 00:58:23,079
never rarely gets taller than eighteen inches, but just forms

1041
00:58:23,119 --> 00:58:26,360
these massive clonal colonies. So it's got multiple stems that

1042
00:58:26,440 --> 00:58:28,960
are all the same individual. That was a great thing

1043
00:58:29,039 --> 00:58:31,960
to see. It was really cool to see, you know,

1044
00:58:33,119 --> 00:58:35,679
almost as cool as like Quirkus said, Leriana out in

1045
00:58:36,000 --> 00:58:39,400
northern California in Sisku County, it's like this relic oak

1046
00:58:39,920 --> 00:58:43,400
that grows in the Siscu Mountains, right, one of those

1047
00:58:43,480 --> 00:58:46,159
cool so many relict species and the Sisque Mountains in

1048
00:58:46,159 --> 00:58:49,800
northern California. Picea Brewery on a Brewers spruce that was

1049
00:58:49,840 --> 00:58:52,920
one of my favorite plants for a while. I grew

1050
00:58:53,000 --> 00:58:56,639
a couple seedlings. I donated one to UC Berkeley Botanic Garden.

1051
00:58:56,639 --> 00:58:58,199
I don't know if they ever planted it out or what,

1052
00:58:59,360 --> 00:59:01,679
but they're probably pretty hard in cultivation. I think a

1053
00:59:01,719 --> 00:59:07,199
lot of this stuff is hard in cultivation, you know.

1054
00:59:07,320 --> 00:59:10,000
I guess it just depends, especially if they need microhise

1055
00:59:10,480 --> 00:59:14,360
like Arbutis hellapensis needs mico rise. They've got those ar

1056
00:59:14,440 --> 00:59:20,280
buttoid microhise which are ectomycorhise that actually penetrate into the cells,

1057
00:59:21,480 --> 00:59:25,079
the cortical cells. I wonder if they go deeper than

1058
00:59:25,079 --> 00:59:29,079
the root cortex, but they penetrate into the cell. So

1059
00:59:29,119 --> 00:59:33,719
it's an ectomycorrhizol plant that associates with fungi that are

1060
00:59:34,039 --> 00:59:37,599
ectomych rhyzol. Right, they generally don't penetrate the cells, but

1061
00:59:37,719 --> 00:59:40,800
just form that sheath around it and go in between

1062
00:59:40,840 --> 00:59:42,840
the cells. But I guess in the case of our

1063
00:59:42,960 --> 00:59:47,679
many are butoid fungi, the ectomichaelhise behaves endomcorhiseley and actually

1064
00:59:47,840 --> 00:59:52,039
infects the cells. And I just know the roots on

1065
00:59:52,119 --> 00:59:54,159
that madrone that might be part of the reason, because

1066
00:59:54,159 --> 00:59:56,960
they've got their own they've got this weird fungal association

1067
00:59:57,079 --> 01:00:00,280
that's pretty unique, and that they've also got as a resalt.

1068
01:00:00,360 --> 01:00:04,000
The madrones have this unique root structure, like the very

1069
01:00:04,639 --> 01:00:08,360
hairy roots, you know, to provide more service area for

1070
01:00:08,440 --> 01:00:11,599
these micro riise a to effect. And if they don't

1071
01:00:11,599 --> 01:00:15,519
get the micro riise a, which not only helps the

1072
01:00:15,519 --> 01:00:18,599
plant get nutrients but probably protects it from pathogens, they

1073
01:00:18,639 --> 01:00:20,559
don't get the micro rise and they end up succoming

1074
01:00:20,800 --> 01:00:23,679
the fucking deer just killed a two year old madrone.

1075
01:00:23,719 --> 01:00:25,519
The deer in West Texas just killed a two year

1076
01:00:25,559 --> 01:00:29,199
old madrone. I'm so pissed. The fuck the deer. Fuck them,

1077
01:00:29,719 --> 01:00:32,480
they're overpopulated. They hang out in town because they know

1078
01:00:32,519 --> 01:00:35,079
the mountain lions aren't going to get them, aren't going

1079
01:00:35,159 --> 01:00:37,079
to go into town. They know people aren't going to

1080
01:00:37,119 --> 01:00:40,880
shoot them, and they just they're just like hoofed locusts,

1081
01:00:41,000 --> 01:00:44,840
like hooved rats. They just destroy everything, you know, And

1082
01:00:45,199 --> 01:00:48,920
let us not forget the famous experiment of the Kaibab Plateau,

1083
01:00:49,719 --> 01:00:53,000
the unintentional experiment where all predators were eradicated and then

1084
01:00:53,039 --> 01:00:56,559
the deer populations took off. They nibbled everything down, just

1085
01:00:56,719 --> 01:00:59,920
destroyed the landscape, the plants and the landscape, and then

1086
01:01:00,000 --> 01:01:04,119
their population crashed anyway, because of course deer don't self

1087
01:01:04,159 --> 01:01:07,400
regulate their population. Those species does, and so they all

1088
01:01:07,480 --> 01:01:11,559
starved or died a disease while acting is tick farms

1089
01:01:11,639 --> 01:01:16,760
and you know, killing every plant within within nibbling length,

1090
01:01:16,960 --> 01:01:21,000
within nibbling distance. Yeah, they've done so much damage. They

1091
01:01:21,039 --> 01:01:23,199
just killed them a drone. They nibbled it down. I

1092
01:01:23,280 --> 01:01:24,760
grew this thing for two or three years. It was

1093
01:01:24,760 --> 01:01:27,280
looking great. They nibbled it. I figured out, I'll just

1094
01:01:27,400 --> 01:01:30,719
re sprout, but it re sprouts, it re sprouted leaves

1095
01:01:30,760 --> 01:01:33,039
and then the leaves just shriveled and turned black and died.

1096
01:01:33,039 --> 01:01:34,679
I don't know what the fuck. And I talked to

1097
01:01:34,800 --> 01:01:36,599
Dan host agent. He said, yeah, that's just that's what

1098
01:01:36,760 --> 01:01:41,519
madrones do if they get pruned or cut. You know,

1099
01:01:41,800 --> 01:01:44,440
if they have all their leaves nibbled off within the

1100
01:01:44,519 --> 01:01:47,159
first few years of life, because they're still absorbing water

1101
01:01:47,320 --> 01:01:50,800
through the roots, but they are not transpiring it through

1102
01:01:50,800 --> 01:01:53,960
the leaves, and so they end up I don't know

1103
01:01:53,960 --> 01:01:57,440
if they end up, you know, it ends up becoming

1104
01:01:57,480 --> 01:02:00,440
a fungal issue where the fungi can now thrive because

1105
01:02:00,480 --> 01:02:03,400
there's no transpiration going on. Maybe I don't know. That's

1106
01:02:03,519 --> 01:02:07,480
my guess, that's my hypothesis. But it happens, and it's

1107
01:02:07,519 --> 01:02:11,960
a fucking bummer. So if you're growing Texas madrones, protect

1108
01:02:12,400 --> 01:02:14,880
the protect the seedlings from the deer. Better, yet shoot

1109
01:02:14,960 --> 01:02:18,000
the deer with the suppressor on your rifle if you

1110
01:02:18,039 --> 01:02:21,239
can get away with it, all right, don't shoot your

1111
01:02:21,239 --> 01:02:23,880
neighbor's house. I'm just kidding. I'm totally just kidding. I

1112
01:02:23,880 --> 01:02:28,480
would never recommend anybody taking out deer that are overpopulated,

1113
01:02:29,480 --> 01:02:31,440
because that would be illegal, and then you're going to

1114
01:02:31,519 --> 01:02:35,239
run into issues discharging a firearm as well. So maybe

1115
01:02:36,280 --> 01:02:39,519
I would never in a million years recommend that maybe

1116
01:02:39,639 --> 01:02:42,480
just shoot them with a BB gun or a pellet gun.

1117
01:02:43,239 --> 01:02:45,960
But I can't understand people who are against hunting. How

1118
01:02:46,079 --> 01:02:49,280
fucking disconnected do you have to be from reality to

1119
01:02:49,360 --> 01:02:52,400
be against him? I can totally understand being against factory farms,

1120
01:02:52,719 --> 01:02:56,280
even against regular meat consumption more than once or twice

1121
01:02:56,280 --> 01:02:57,559
a month, because you don't need to be eating that

1122
01:02:57,639 --> 01:03:00,119
shit unless you're running a marathon. It's been like the

1123
01:03:00,199 --> 01:03:03,519
ass cancer anyway. Right, I'm not anti meat, I'm just

1124
01:03:03,639 --> 01:03:06,800
anti frequent meat consumption. I think it's fucking disgusting the

1125
01:03:06,840 --> 01:03:11,960
way that Americans eat meat, especially beef. But and what

1126
01:03:12,079 --> 01:03:15,480
it supports, I mean, cattle destroys so much holy shit. Anyway,

1127
01:03:16,199 --> 01:03:18,800
But I just can't understand people who are against hunting.

1128
01:03:18,880 --> 01:03:21,760
That's nuts. It's fucking nuts, man. I just I can't

1129
01:03:21,800 --> 01:03:29,400
take someone seriously, what this shit? Else? What else was

1130
01:03:29,480 --> 01:03:31,800
going on? Oh? Yeah, I saw two tarantuls banging in

1131
01:03:31,880 --> 01:03:34,679
West Texas. That was nice. Blefari Dacne big a lov

1132
01:03:34,840 --> 01:03:38,920
I super cool grass, one of the coolest grasses desert grass,

1133
01:03:38,960 --> 01:03:43,719
the beautiful blue color. Definitely got hit up by my

1134
01:03:43,880 --> 01:03:47,000
friend in Belgium who grows all these nerd He nerds

1135
01:03:47,039 --> 01:03:51,320
out about creating habitat recreations of the various cacti that

1136
01:03:51,400 --> 01:03:53,800
he grows, and so I think he hit me up

1137
01:03:53,800 --> 01:03:57,480
about that species as well, and also jo Tropha dioeka.

1138
01:03:57,519 --> 01:03:59,239
He wants these things to grow and it's little to

1139
01:03:59,519 --> 01:04:04,199
you know, like his little living dioramas of cacti, which

1140
01:04:04,239 --> 01:04:07,360
I think is really cool. You know, it's like you're

1141
01:04:07,440 --> 01:04:13,480
creating a recreating a native ecosystem. I don't have time

1142
01:04:13,559 --> 01:04:15,760
to do it, but I applaud those who do. Oh,

1143
01:04:15,840 --> 01:04:19,239
Tacoma stands. That was another species that I'm really going

1144
01:04:19,239 --> 01:04:21,800
all over the place here. Sorry. Tacoma stands is another

1145
01:04:21,920 --> 01:04:26,320
species that it's common in horticulture, but the sources from

1146
01:04:26,440 --> 01:04:28,800
ust the horticultural plants probably come from Florida because they've

1147
01:04:28,800 --> 01:04:31,679
got really broad leaves. But this is another plant that

1148
01:04:31,880 --> 01:04:34,920
is a great example of the South Texas West Texas

1149
01:04:35,400 --> 01:04:39,360
ecotype divide, where the ecotypes in West Texas look way

1150
01:04:39,440 --> 01:04:41,800
different than the ecotypes in South Texas. So much. So

1151
01:04:41,960 --> 01:04:44,800
it's just like with skeleton leave with Sydney attenua folio.

1152
01:04:45,079 --> 01:04:47,280
You see it and you think it's another plant because

1153
01:04:47,320 --> 01:04:50,760
the leaves are so thin. It's fucking remarkable. Man, it's

1154
01:04:50,800 --> 01:04:57,360
so cool. So so be aware of that. Tacoma stands.

1155
01:04:57,880 --> 01:04:59,599
If you grow, if you live in West Texas, you're

1156
01:04:59,599 --> 01:05:01,760
gonna want the West Texas ecotype. That's going to be

1157
01:05:01,840 --> 01:05:05,440
more resilient and more forgiving in terms of drought in

1158
01:05:05,519 --> 01:05:08,400
those drying winds. The winds, especially in West Texas are

1159
01:05:08,519 --> 01:05:12,079
so drying. I mean, you don't need that heat almost

1160
01:05:12,199 --> 01:05:17,920
when the ambient atmosphere has that little water vapor in it.

1161
01:05:18,039 --> 01:05:20,639
It's it's that arid, and you've got those winds on

1162
01:05:20,760 --> 01:05:24,880
top of it, so fucking windy all the time. In

1163
01:05:25,039 --> 01:05:27,880
West Texas. The wind is the season. It's the spring

1164
01:05:29,079 --> 01:05:32,280
Oheliantis cil airs. I saw that too. Where was that?

1165
01:05:32,440 --> 01:05:37,199
That was between Oklahoma City and Alpine, So basically Northwest Texas.

1166
01:05:37,440 --> 01:05:40,000
A lot of good stuff up there, man, a lot

1167
01:05:40,039 --> 01:05:43,679
of good stuff. Not enough time to stop. I saw

1168
01:05:43,840 --> 01:05:47,519
Xanthima texanum Xanthima with an excanthisma is a kind of

1169
01:05:47,559 --> 01:05:52,960
like a common weedy composite species. Yellow flowers, but this

1170
01:05:53,199 --> 01:05:56,199
was a different species. It was a weird variation on

1171
01:05:56,280 --> 01:05:58,039
the theme that was great to see. I saw. I

1172
01:05:58,159 --> 01:06:00,639
got off at one spot to take a leak along

1173
01:06:00,719 --> 01:06:04,039
the freeway. What was it the ten, No, it wasn't

1174
01:06:04,079 --> 01:06:09,960
the ten, the twenty whatever runs diagonally between Dallas and Alpasso.

1175
01:06:10,320 --> 01:06:12,400
One of the most hideous stretches of freeway. It's just

1176
01:06:12,519 --> 01:06:16,360
like oil rigs and fucking truck or piss bottles and

1177
01:06:16,639 --> 01:06:20,400
just built. It's it's it's it's equivalent to the I

1178
01:06:20,639 --> 01:06:24,159
five corridor in the Central Valley of California. Just fucking

1179
01:06:24,280 --> 01:06:28,639
hideous and just like just human garbage, like so much garbage,

1180
01:06:29,400 --> 01:06:33,079
you know, the from the fucking billboards to just all

1181
01:06:33,159 --> 01:06:39,400
the ugly infrastructure to the the got it. I can't get.

1182
01:06:39,519 --> 01:06:42,760
I can't explain. I can't emphasize enough how ugly portions

1183
01:06:42,760 --> 01:06:44,800
of this section of highway. But I got off to

1184
01:06:44,840 --> 01:06:49,920
take a leak, and I looked at this slope that

1185
01:06:50,079 --> 01:06:52,559
was next to the roadside, and it was all fucking gypsum.

1186
01:06:52,599 --> 01:06:55,039
It was so cool. It was all selenite crystals and

1187
01:06:55,159 --> 01:06:57,559
there was an onnatha hertweggi I growing out of it

1188
01:06:57,639 --> 01:07:03,360
and really cool shrubby evening primrose with obviously moth pollinate.

1189
01:07:03,400 --> 01:07:05,519
It's got yellow flowers still, but it's got that long

1190
01:07:05,639 --> 01:07:09,039
floral tube and they bloom at night. I mean all

1191
01:07:09,639 --> 01:07:11,639
half of those, not the rough species, bloom at night

1192
01:07:12,039 --> 01:07:14,719
and the flowers are withered by ten or eleven am.

1193
01:07:14,800 --> 01:07:17,159
The next morning I saw I think it was croton

1194
01:07:17,239 --> 01:07:22,159
diahekus there too. Nictagenia capatada growing out of pure gyps.

1195
01:07:22,199 --> 01:07:25,039
I mean, know that red flowered Nictanginia. That's not common enough,

1196
01:07:25,480 --> 01:07:27,559
nowhere near as common as it should be in cultivation.

1197
01:07:28,519 --> 01:07:32,360
But due to how well it can tolerates sun and drought,

1198
01:07:32,440 --> 01:07:37,559
it is somewhat weedy as a native, which is great.

1199
01:07:39,519 --> 01:07:41,800
But yeah, anyway, back to the Wichita Mountains. I was

1200
01:07:41,880 --> 01:07:46,079
there till sunset, just having a blast, just having my

1201
01:07:46,199 --> 01:07:48,239
mind blown. It was such a pleasant spot. And it's

1202
01:07:48,400 --> 01:07:51,639
that whole mountain range is all roughly five hundred million

1203
01:07:51,719 --> 01:07:54,159
year old granite. So it's got that large grain size

1204
01:07:54,199 --> 01:07:57,000
in the rock, you know, larger crystal size. You could

1205
01:07:57,000 --> 01:07:58,480
look at the texture of it. It's got a larger

1206
01:07:58,519 --> 01:08:01,280
grain size versus something like AsSalt or Ryleye, which is

1207
01:08:01,320 --> 01:08:05,320
a small grain size and it's primarily what you're looking

1208
01:08:05,320 --> 01:08:07,159
at when you look into rocks, texture, and like maybe

1209
01:08:07,239 --> 01:08:11,440
color a little bit as well, but you know, it's

1210
01:08:11,679 --> 01:08:14,159
all that rock. All the whole Mountain range is all

1211
01:08:14,199 --> 01:08:16,840
mostly the same age. It's just cooled very slowly on

1212
01:08:16,960 --> 01:08:18,920
the ground. That's how the grain size got so big.

1213
01:08:19,000 --> 01:08:23,399
Those crystals had time to grow. It probably took a

1214
01:08:23,439 --> 01:08:26,479
million years to cool, but then it was later uplifted

1215
01:08:27,439 --> 01:08:32,159
through tectonic forces. The other thing I wanted to mention,

1216
01:08:32,279 --> 01:08:35,640
if we can go back to Monahan's Sand Dunes State Park,

1217
01:08:36,279 --> 01:08:39,359
which it sucks. You can hear the freeway so loud

1218
01:08:39,399 --> 01:08:42,600
from that that place. It's like the the fucking oil

1219
01:08:43,039 --> 01:08:45,520
and gas development everywhere around there is just like these

1220
01:08:45,640 --> 01:08:52,720
herpes sores on the landscape. It is so anyway, it's

1221
01:08:52,760 --> 01:08:54,439
a great spot though, And there's a ton of endemic

1222
01:08:54,560 --> 01:08:59,840
plants at that site, you know, like Snicio Riddelli I,

1223
01:09:00,359 --> 01:09:03,399
which you also get growing on sand. That's a sand endemic.

1224
01:09:03,640 --> 01:09:06,560
So chalk that add that to your list of edaphic endemics.

1225
01:09:07,119 --> 01:09:11,199
Soil endemics. Again, someone needs to start talking about dapphic

1226
01:09:11,359 --> 01:09:14,840
endemism in Texas. Some of these soil endemics, really cool phenomena.

1227
01:09:16,560 --> 01:09:21,000
But at Monahan's uh at Monahan ste Park, I saw

1228
01:09:21,680 --> 01:09:26,800
amo palmatis. Monaghan instance, Ammo pealmads. How to fuck you

1229
01:09:26,840 --> 01:09:29,960
pronounce it? Amma palmatis. I don't know. It doesn't matter.

1230
01:09:30,039 --> 01:09:32,039
It's Latin, it's a dead language. Pronounce it whatever you want.

1231
01:09:32,359 --> 01:09:36,239
The Jerusalem cricket, which is this really weird, cool looking bug.

1232
01:09:36,439 --> 01:09:40,079
But this is a species that specialized on the sand dunes,

1233
01:09:40,119 --> 01:09:42,039
and there weren't that many photos of it on our

1234
01:09:42,119 --> 01:09:44,840
Nationalist I got some decent ones. I should have got

1235
01:09:44,960 --> 01:09:48,119
video too, but you know, I'm really stretched in lately,

1236
01:09:48,520 --> 01:09:51,000
as I've said, So that was that was really fucking

1237
01:09:51,039 --> 01:09:53,960
cool to see. I didn't know there was a species

1238
01:09:54,000 --> 01:09:59,039
that had specialized on the sand. I wonder what how

1239
01:09:59,079 --> 01:10:03,960
extensive are those and beds in uh in western northern

1240
01:10:04,279 --> 01:10:08,439
northern western Texas like north of the ten. You know,

1241
01:10:10,239 --> 01:10:12,760
it's because you get a lot of cool endemic plant

1242
01:10:12,800 --> 01:10:16,800
species and probably some other cool you know, and very

1243
01:10:16,920 --> 01:10:21,079
notable affiliations. Ah, there needs to be and there needs

1244
01:10:21,079 --> 01:10:22,840
to man, there needs to be more books on this

1245
01:10:22,880 --> 01:10:24,880
ship too. There's so much that did. More books on

1246
01:10:25,079 --> 01:10:29,640
just this Texas. These Texas affiliations of different plant communities

1247
01:10:30,159 --> 01:10:38,880
and and dephic endemism phenomena and uh ecological UH affiliations.

1248
01:10:38,960 --> 01:10:41,039
You know, like there's a ship ton for California. There's

1249
01:10:41,079 --> 01:10:43,199
numerous books on it. They're great and they're they're like

1250
01:10:43,439 --> 01:10:46,680
meant for lay people to read. I mean, I wish,

1251
01:10:47,359 --> 01:10:50,880
I wish Texas had more of that too. It's so cool,

1252
01:10:51,039 --> 01:10:52,640
But you know, it's it's it's hard to get people

1253
01:10:52,680 --> 01:10:56,279
to use fucking Latin names, you know, binomial names in

1254
01:10:56,600 --> 01:10:58,960
many parts of Texas. Like even just learn a genus,

1255
01:10:59,039 --> 01:11:02,479
like there's the common name. Thing just drives me fucking nuts.

1256
01:11:02,479 --> 01:11:05,279
It's like, man, these again, It's just it's just impractical,

1257
01:11:05,920 --> 01:11:09,600
you know, it's so impractical. The common name is in

1258
01:11:09,840 --> 01:11:13,199
many cases more complex than just the genus name. A

1259
01:11:13,319 --> 01:11:17,479
genus might only be composed of seven letters, versus a

1260
01:11:17,560 --> 01:11:24,119
common name. The dwarf the dwarf desert peony's not related

1261
01:11:24,119 --> 01:11:27,720
to the penies at all. I've heard my friend Steven

1262
01:11:27,800 --> 01:11:31,399
say that because he's a he's an entomologist, and I

1263
01:11:31,439 --> 01:11:32,720
heard I heard him say that. I was like, don't

1264
01:11:32,720 --> 01:11:34,600
ever say that again. In my presence. It was a

1265
01:11:35,199 --> 01:11:37,800
fucking half it was only half joking. It's like, that's

1266
01:11:37,840 --> 01:11:40,359
the dumbest fucking name. This is just this is a

1267
01:11:40,479 --> 01:11:46,640
species dwarf desert peenie. The dwarf desert peenie. The dwarf does't.

1268
01:11:46,640 --> 01:11:50,359
It's it's a species of a Cordia. It's a Cordia nana.

1269
01:11:50,399 --> 01:11:53,439
And there's a Cordia ritii, and there's a Cordia A

1270
01:11:53,560 --> 01:11:58,920
run sonata, and there's a there's like six different Accordia species.

1271
01:11:58,920 --> 01:12:01,479
They're all fucking cool. There all are very different variations

1272
01:12:01,520 --> 01:12:03,199
on the theme. You learn one of them, you'll learn

1273
01:12:03,680 --> 01:12:05,560
all this might be in a Cordia too. It's got

1274
01:12:05,640 --> 01:12:07,880
those you know, if you see another Accordia species and

1275
01:12:07,920 --> 01:12:09,560
you've never seen it before, you'd know by looking at

1276
01:12:09,600 --> 01:12:13,479
the flowers what it is. It's got those mutissoid flori.

1277
01:12:13,479 --> 01:12:16,720
It's those like those you know, floric corollas. It's is

1278
01:12:16,800 --> 01:12:21,760
asteraci that look different from the floric corollas, and a sunflower,

1279
01:12:21,840 --> 01:12:25,439
for instance, which have five lobes. The floric corollas are

1280
01:12:26,680 --> 01:12:31,079
grander and showier in Acordia, and in all the mutissoids,

1281
01:12:31,079 --> 01:12:34,119
and they've got two lobes. It's bilabviate it's like a

1282
01:12:34,279 --> 01:12:39,199
zygomorphic instead of radial. You know, it's bilatteral symmetrical zygomorphic

1283
01:12:39,239 --> 01:12:45,000
instead of radially symmetrical like you'd see in other members

1284
01:12:45,039 --> 01:12:47,319
of the sunflower family. So that whole subfamily that's the

1285
01:12:47,439 --> 01:12:51,319
diagnostic trait for the mutissoids. It's got a bilattery symmetrical

1286
01:12:51,359 --> 01:12:54,960
floric corolla. So you learn. And the genus Acordia is

1287
01:12:55,119 --> 01:13:00,319
markedly shorter than dwarf desert peony, which is not a

1288
01:13:00,439 --> 01:13:03,319
pony at all. Again, so don't the fucking common name thing.

1289
01:13:03,479 --> 01:13:06,159
Come on, come on, guys, just just learn a genus.

1290
01:13:06,520 --> 01:13:08,720
It's nice. It's like learning the name of a new friend.

1291
01:13:09,239 --> 01:13:12,920
Then you'll see other species in that genus and know

1292
01:13:13,039 --> 01:13:17,479
what they are once you learn the genus name. So anyway,

1293
01:13:17,680 --> 01:13:20,840
uh yeah, So Oklahoma City was fucking cool. And then

1294
01:13:20,840 --> 01:13:25,920
I went and checked out Brian's nursery from Brian who

1295
01:13:25,960 --> 01:13:29,680
does this, showed up to the mushroom Fair, gave me

1296
01:13:29,720 --> 01:13:31,760
a plant that I went and checked out as nursery,

1297
01:13:33,840 --> 01:13:38,600
which is a native plants nursery in Oklahoma City. And

1298
01:13:38,800 --> 01:13:40,800
he grows a ton of cool shit, like tons of

1299
01:13:40,880 --> 01:13:45,720
fucking dope grasses and sylphium and all that, you know,

1300
01:13:45,880 --> 01:13:51,680
that Southern Plains stuff. So that was fucking cool. He's

1301
01:13:51,720 --> 01:13:54,680
got a morphic connissance too. He grows a shit ton

1302
01:13:55,199 --> 01:13:57,560
of amorphic connissance in these deep pots because they send

1303
01:13:57,640 --> 01:14:00,039
those roots down deep like most prairie plants do so

1304
01:14:00,680 --> 01:14:06,640
deep rooted prairie plants. So that was a cool nursery

1305
01:14:06,680 --> 01:14:09,359
to see. I'm glad there's people. I'm glad there's more

1306
01:14:09,920 --> 01:14:12,600
native plant nurseries out there, there's more availability, you know,

1307
01:14:12,840 --> 01:14:16,479
it's it's so important. You know, people start off as

1308
01:14:16,520 --> 01:14:19,520
backyard growers or just really loving native plants and then

1309
01:14:19,600 --> 01:14:24,000
just start growing a shit ton of stuff. And I've

1310
01:14:24,000 --> 01:14:26,520
got to create a nursery directory still, which I meant

1311
01:14:26,520 --> 01:14:27,840
to do a year ago, and I had a bunch

1312
01:14:27,840 --> 01:14:30,880
of people write me, I kill your long forty four

1313
01:14:30,920 --> 01:14:35,000
at gmail dot com and send me you know nurseries

1314
01:14:35,039 --> 01:14:37,199
that they knew, and I started compiling it, but I

1315
01:14:37,279 --> 01:14:38,760
got to put that back on my to do list.

1316
01:14:39,319 --> 01:14:41,800
I've got it like half full, but it'd be a

1317
01:14:41,840 --> 01:14:46,359
great directory for native plant nurseries within the United States,

1318
01:14:46,520 --> 01:14:49,399
you know, state by state listing, kind of like a

1319
01:14:49,520 --> 01:14:52,279
book your own fucking life, which was like a pre

1320
01:14:52,399 --> 01:14:59,399
Internet days of the punk scene. It's like a listing venue.

1321
01:15:00,399 --> 01:15:05,159
You have a venue, a listing venue, listing of native

1322
01:15:05,199 --> 01:15:10,920
plant venues, native plant nurseries, source material. So we still

1323
01:15:10,960 --> 01:15:15,680
need someone to form like a massive wholesale native plant nursery,

1324
01:15:15,720 --> 01:15:19,359
wholesale and to the public, open to the public native

1325
01:15:19,399 --> 01:15:21,600
plant nursing where they just grow like a flat, like

1326
01:15:22,439 --> 01:15:26,079
a fifty plug flat of all kinds of native plants

1327
01:15:26,479 --> 01:15:31,680
from different regions of Texas for restorations. So anyway, I

1328
01:15:31,760 --> 01:15:33,399
think that's it. Do I have anything else I want

1329
01:15:33,439 --> 01:15:35,079
to tell you? No, I covered a lot. That's an

1330
01:15:35,079 --> 01:15:37,319
hour and fifteen minutes. There you go. I'm going to

1331
01:15:37,359 --> 01:15:40,159
be in Chicago this weekend tomorrow. I've got to fly

1332
01:15:40,359 --> 01:15:43,479
later today. I'm not looking forward to but it's southwest

1333
01:15:43,479 --> 01:15:46,800
so it won't be as painful. And I'm going through

1334
01:15:47,600 --> 01:15:50,000
me and all are doing a presentation. I'm lawn killing

1335
01:15:50,079 --> 01:15:53,840
tomorrow and then I'll be in the barrier at the

1336
01:15:53,960 --> 01:16:00,239
Ententeagen Expo with more of those mushroom geists on November. Fuck,

1337
01:16:00,279 --> 01:16:02,199
when is it the twelfth? I don't even know what

1338
01:16:02,359 --> 01:16:04,520
it's the weekend before the twelfth, I think I don't

1339
01:16:04,520 --> 01:16:06,680
know I don't even know what date is anymore. I

1340
01:16:06,880 --> 01:16:08,720
just go to tell me. They say talk here, and

1341
01:16:08,800 --> 01:16:11,920
I say, I'll fine, I'll go and talk, and uh,

1342
01:16:12,239 --> 01:16:15,520
you know they I need to be let around. I'm

1343
01:16:15,560 --> 01:16:18,840
like a confused dajing grandpa when it comes to anything

1344
01:16:18,960 --> 01:16:21,720
not related to plants. When it comes to logistics, I

1345
01:16:21,760 --> 01:16:24,640
don't plan anything. People ask me to plant stuff. I say,

1346
01:16:24,680 --> 01:16:27,560
I don't do that stuff. You know, sometimes I do

1347
01:16:27,680 --> 01:16:29,960
all like a week out Max, I'll notate it in

1348
01:16:30,000 --> 01:16:33,840
the calendar. I don't fucking plan. Alan Rockefellers really do

1349
01:16:33,960 --> 01:16:35,840
that either, So I don't feel so bad. You know,

1350
01:16:36,000 --> 01:16:37,920
I guess he plans. He plans events. He does a

1351
01:16:37,920 --> 01:16:41,119
shit ton of speaking events. I don't plan. I'm not

1352
01:16:41,159 --> 01:16:43,000
good at planning. I can't. You know, I don't know.

1353
01:16:43,520 --> 01:16:45,159
Just call me the day before, let me know if

1354
01:16:45,199 --> 01:16:47,039
you're free, you want to do it, Just try spur

1355
01:16:47,119 --> 01:16:51,039
to the moment, Just try keep trying me anyway. Okay again,

1356
01:16:51,079 --> 01:16:52,840
If you're a native planetsere in Texas, want me to

1357
01:16:52,880 --> 01:16:56,800
collect special seeds of a certain species, let me know.

1358
01:16:57,039 --> 01:16:59,039
Email me. Crime pays it bo and he doesn't email.

1359
01:16:59,159 --> 01:17:02,439
Keep it short, Please fucking keep it short. Otherwise I

1360
01:17:02,520 --> 01:17:05,039
will be inclined to not read it. When I open

1361
01:17:05,079 --> 01:17:09,039
it and see it, it's like six paragraphs, and uh yeah,

1362
01:17:09,720 --> 01:17:12,960
I'll make a mental note of that species and I

1363
01:17:13,039 --> 01:17:15,079
won't forget and if I see it, I will collect it.

1364
01:17:15,159 --> 01:17:17,920
But we need more people growing shit, so and if

1365
01:17:17,960 --> 01:17:20,039
you're just growing shit in your backyard, keep that up too,

1366
01:17:20,239 --> 01:17:25,840
Keep it up. Remember, humidity induces germination. Germination inhibitors, such

1367
01:17:25,840 --> 01:17:29,199
as hard seed coats either need to be slightly scarified,

1368
01:17:29,199 --> 01:17:30,680
which you could do with a dremal. You can do

1369
01:17:30,760 --> 01:17:36,199
it in between two sheets of rough grid sandpaper. There's

1370
01:17:36,399 --> 01:17:38,800
multiple ways to just scarify level. You can do hot

1371
01:17:38,880 --> 01:17:41,880
water treatment, et cetera. Try everything you know, Fuck around

1372
01:17:41,920 --> 01:17:43,520
and find out that's how it goes. Anyway, that's all.

1373
01:17:43,520 --> 01:17:45,039
I gotta have aggressor they go fuck us up by