1 00:00:24,879 --> 00:00:29,719 Hello, and welcome to the show. I'm Martin Willister, host and a 2 00:00:29,760 --> 00:00:32,840 couple of announcements. First of all, Alejandro was not on the show, 3 00:00:32,880 --> 00:00:36,880 and this time was my choice actually, and nothing against him at all. 4 00:00:37,280 --> 00:00:40,479 Of course, he and I are good friends. It's just that I have 5 00:00:41,600 --> 00:00:44,560 a wonderful guest an hour one. I want to make sure I had him 6 00:00:44,560 --> 00:00:48,920 for the whole hour. Jeff Bennett is coming up in a minute, and 7 00:00:49,880 --> 00:00:53,159 very excited to have him on. He was on the show, I think 8 00:00:53,200 --> 00:00:56,960 a number of years ago, and he was on my other show that I 9 00:00:57,000 --> 00:01:02,039 did for a short while. I think we're talking about other subjects other than 10 00:01:02,439 --> 00:01:06,920 UFOs and things like that. Tonight we will touch on other subjects as well 11 00:01:06,959 --> 00:01:11,400 as the UFO topic as well. In my second hour, I have Deep 12 00:01:11,400 --> 00:01:15,560 Prasad on and he is going to be talking about all kinds of things, 13 00:01:15,640 --> 00:01:23,920 including extraterrestrial artifacts, if that's such a thing, and quantum computing and all 14 00:01:25,000 --> 00:01:29,920 kinds of very interesting things. So hanging there for hour two as well. 15 00:01:30,799 --> 00:01:37,200 Blogs. Last week I forgot to announce our blog and that was titled UFOs 16 00:01:37,319 --> 00:01:41,959 over Massachusetts. Check that out over at podcast ufo dot com. And this 17 00:01:42,000 --> 00:01:48,000 week is not so ancient UFOs and I learned something by reading that blog myself 18 00:01:48,359 --> 00:01:52,560 only about oh, I don't know, fifteen twenty minutes away from where I 19 00:01:52,719 --> 00:01:57,319 live, in a town called Camden, Maine, there was a eighteen o 20 00:01:57,680 --> 00:02:04,280 eight UFO sighting in a diary. It's really quite interesting and really detailed. 21 00:02:04,959 --> 00:02:08,319 A school teacher wrote that up all the way back in eighteen o eight, 22 00:02:08,680 --> 00:02:15,360 and so basically that block covers through the centuries, you know, mostly from 23 00:02:15,400 --> 00:02:21,159 the eighteenth century when he's saying not so ancient UFOs eighteenth century forward, and 24 00:02:21,439 --> 00:02:24,520 little tidbits here and there of different sightings. It's very interesting, So check 25 00:02:24,560 --> 00:02:29,240 that out. I want to thank everyone that helps out with this show. 26 00:02:30,159 --> 00:02:34,479 Race over at KGr A Radio. We also have Keith over at the dark 27 00:02:34,520 --> 00:02:38,319 Matter Digital Network. I've been running over there for a long time and we 28 00:02:38,439 --> 00:02:45,199 have people that help out behind the scenes for from graphics to you name it, 29 00:02:45,240 --> 00:02:50,400 to the Facebook page. We have a lot of UFO news, so 30 00:02:50,520 --> 00:02:53,759 check that out. There's something new up there every single day, whether it's 31 00:02:53,759 --> 00:03:00,319 space related or UFO related. And so my first guest I'm going to them 32 00:03:00,400 --> 00:03:06,520 on right now is Jeff Bennett. Welcome to the show. Jeff, Thank 33 00:03:06,560 --> 00:03:12,599 you very much. Jeff, you're an astrophysicist, and to me that that's 34 00:03:12,840 --> 00:03:21,560 brain numbing. I just call an astronomer instead, okay. And physics is 35 00:03:21,560 --> 00:03:24,439 only what we say when we want to impress people. I see, okay. 36 00:03:24,560 --> 00:03:29,960 And so we're gonna be talking about different topics this evening. And one 37 00:03:30,000 --> 00:03:31,759 of the things I remember when you were on the last time, and I 38 00:03:31,759 --> 00:03:37,759 think it was something like maybe five years ago or something like that, and 39 00:03:37,960 --> 00:03:42,039 we talked about the Big Bang theory, and you know, I was trying 40 00:03:42,039 --> 00:03:45,000 to argue against it, and you had I think you said there were three 41 00:03:45,000 --> 00:03:50,360 lines of evidence and relativity is based on it. But I have a question 42 00:03:50,400 --> 00:03:54,800 for you, as far as relativity goes, if the universe was actually contracting 43 00:03:55,039 --> 00:04:01,800 instead of expanding, with relativity still hold well, So first I would turn 44 00:04:01,879 --> 00:04:06,960 that around the idea of the Big Bang and how we understand it is we 45 00:04:08,199 --> 00:04:13,560 understand it through relativity, But relativity is not dependent on the Big Bang theory 46 00:04:13,599 --> 00:04:18,000 at all. Relativity is completely independent. Then was discovered long before the idea 47 00:04:18,040 --> 00:04:23,399 of the Big Bang came out. Now, what Einstein did discover with relativity, 48 00:04:23,439 --> 00:04:29,759 which he at first didn't himself recognize and took him later to realize it. 49 00:04:30,600 --> 00:04:33,920 It was actually proven by some other folks that the theory of relativity is 50 00:04:34,040 --> 00:04:41,759 not compatible with a static universe. So, right, didn't you say that 51 00:04:41,800 --> 00:04:46,959 it was his greatest blunder? Yes? Yes, and so he should have 52 00:04:46,000 --> 00:04:53,480 recognized it himself. So relativity actually predicts that the universe has to be either 53 00:04:54,000 --> 00:05:00,000 expanding or contracting, So either one of those possibilities would be okay with relativity, 54 00:05:00,040 --> 00:05:04,199 but just standing still is not because of the way gravity works. And 55 00:05:04,240 --> 00:05:11,360 so when Hubble discovered the expansion of the universe, Einstein called it his greatest 56 00:05:11,360 --> 00:05:16,000 blunder, not to have recognized that his theory had actually essentially predicted that before 57 00:05:16,079 --> 00:05:21,000 Hubble discovered it. I see. Now, this is probably an odd question. 58 00:05:21,279 --> 00:05:26,000 You probably have never been asked this question before, But is it possible 59 00:05:26,040 --> 00:05:30,240 that there's a polar opposite of the Big Bang? In other words, where 60 00:05:30,839 --> 00:05:34,639 the universe can expand so far and all of a sudden something like we don't 61 00:05:34,639 --> 00:05:42,720 really know what happened to make the Big Bang happen. Could the opposite happen 62 00:05:42,839 --> 00:05:47,560 and then the universe start contracting instead? Well, that's actually a very common 63 00:05:47,639 --> 00:05:55,000 question, and so we know the universe is expanding, and basically your question 64 00:05:55,120 --> 00:05:58,920 is, could it be that someday the expansion will stop and it will turn 65 00:05:58,959 --> 00:06:02,360 around and end even have a name for it called the Big Crunch when it 66 00:06:02,399 --> 00:06:09,800 all comes crashing back together. And the answer is, we don't know. 67 00:06:09,920 --> 00:06:15,759 I mean, certainly that is one possibility. The evidence to date is pointing 68 00:06:15,839 --> 00:06:23,160 to continued expansion forever, particularly in light of the discovery that the expansion is 69 00:06:23,199 --> 00:06:26,959 actually accelerating, which makes it even seem more like nothing could ever turn it 70 00:06:27,000 --> 00:06:30,839 around. But I like to point out that when we say it will continue 71 00:06:30,879 --> 00:06:34,519 forever, that also means we have forever to discover something new that might change 72 00:06:34,519 --> 00:06:41,160 our minds about that. Wow. Yeah, And so if it you know, 73 00:06:41,199 --> 00:06:45,360 the black I think of like black holes, and like the more and 74 00:06:45,480 --> 00:06:47,480 more black holes there are, like to say, if it was contracting, 75 00:06:50,519 --> 00:06:56,399 you know, I mean, is it possible that all of a sudden the 76 00:06:56,480 --> 00:07:01,160 black holes out there could gather more and more material? And you know, 77 00:07:01,319 --> 00:07:05,480 is that part of the big crunch? In in other words, thoughts of 78 00:07:05,480 --> 00:07:11,839 it, It would be, it would occur as part of the Big Crunch 79 00:07:11,959 --> 00:07:15,079 process. It's not causing it in of itself. If to remember, black 80 00:07:15,079 --> 00:07:20,879 holes are just a source of gravity, and the only difference between them and 81 00:07:20,959 --> 00:07:25,399 any other source is that when you get really really close to them, really 82 00:07:25,439 --> 00:07:29,399 strange stuff is happening to space and time. But from a distance, there's 83 00:07:29,439 --> 00:07:34,600 no difference between say a one million mass black hole and a one million one 84 00:07:34,639 --> 00:07:40,199 million stars. Their gravity would be the same at a distance. And so 85 00:07:40,319 --> 00:07:44,199 if there is a big crunch, if the universe starts contracting, then at 86 00:07:44,240 --> 00:07:47,519 some point, as it gets very small, the black holes would find it 87 00:07:47,560 --> 00:07:54,319 easier to consume nearby matter and grow, and then ultimately they would all merge 88 00:07:54,560 --> 00:07:58,680 together. And you may be aware that the idea of two black holes merging 89 00:07:59,160 --> 00:08:03,000 is something we've already discovered through gravitational waves. Yeah, yeah, not that 90 00:08:03,079 --> 00:08:09,279 all that long ago. Now when I've heard people say that, or people 91 00:08:09,319 --> 00:08:16,240 say I've seen a documentary on this that I think, if if you took 92 00:08:16,279 --> 00:08:18,800 all the space out of every atom in your body, you would be down 93 00:08:18,839 --> 00:08:22,519 to like on a pinhead or something ridiculous, really really tiny. Is that 94 00:08:22,560 --> 00:08:33,679 what happens when in a black hole the matter just gets condensed in atomic structure? 95 00:08:33,799 --> 00:08:37,879 Well, actually it's beyond that. So when when a star, when 96 00:08:37,879 --> 00:08:41,440 gravity takes over so this can happen. For example, at the end of 97 00:08:41,440 --> 00:08:46,559 a star is life. So when a star has no more fuel for generating 98 00:08:46,720 --> 00:08:50,960 energy, that energy in its core is generating heat and pressure, and that's 99 00:08:52,000 --> 00:08:56,320 what's keeping gravity at bay, preventing gravity from collapsing the star down. Once 100 00:08:56,399 --> 00:09:00,320 that's gone, at the end of the star's life, then that core will 101 00:09:00,320 --> 00:09:07,519 collapse, and depending on its mass, the question is who wins between gravity 102 00:09:07,639 --> 00:09:13,480 and the collapsing core. So, for stars like the Sun, gravity ultimately 103 00:09:13,720 --> 00:09:22,600 fails once the core collapses to a size where the electrons are as closely compressed 104 00:09:22,639 --> 00:09:30,440 as they can be without themselves disintegrating, and that's what we call a white 105 00:09:30,519 --> 00:09:33,480 dwarf. And so there you have an object that was the mass the size 106 00:09:33,519 --> 00:09:37,159 of the Sun collapse down to an object the size of an Earth. So 107 00:09:37,200 --> 00:09:41,840 that's a thousand times smaller in diameter. If an object, if a star, 108 00:09:41,960 --> 00:09:48,399 has even more mass than that, the electrons can no longer exist as 109 00:09:48,519 --> 00:09:52,919 independent entities. It's a little complex to explain, but it has to do 110 00:09:52,039 --> 00:09:56,320 with the way the strength of the electromagnetic force, and so they combine with 111 00:09:56,440 --> 00:10:03,399 protons and become neutron form neutrons. So at that point, the entire object 112 00:10:03,480 --> 00:10:07,080 collapses down until it's just a ball of neutrons. So that's kind of what 113 00:10:07,120 --> 00:10:11,759 you were asking about, sort of subatomic particles. It's all neutrons. And 114 00:10:11,799 --> 00:10:16,159 there you've got something that was larger in mass in the Sun compressed down to 115 00:10:16,279 --> 00:10:22,600 something that's only a few miles across. Now, it turns out that with 116 00:10:22,759 --> 00:10:26,840 even more mass, even the neutrons can't fend off gravity. And at that 117 00:10:26,919 --> 00:10:33,360 point there is no form of matter that exists. It just keeps compressing itself 118 00:10:33,480 --> 00:10:37,799 down out of existence to what we call a singularity. And that's when you've 119 00:10:37,840 --> 00:10:43,159 made a black hole around it. Wow. Now, would say there's a 120 00:10:43,960 --> 00:10:46,639 star that collapsed down to it was big enough to collapse down to a black 121 00:10:46,639 --> 00:10:54,919 hole. Would the gravity effect of that be no different than it was in 122 00:10:54,960 --> 00:10:58,600 its original form? In other words, at a distance it would be. 123 00:10:58,639 --> 00:11:03,080 And we know lots of such black holes. These are black holes and binary 124 00:11:03,120 --> 00:11:07,720 star systems. And so you see another star. In a normal binary star 125 00:11:07,759 --> 00:11:11,600 system, you see two stars orbiting each other. Here you see one star 126 00:11:11,840 --> 00:11:18,080 orbiting something else, and you see lots of material from that star being pulled 127 00:11:18,120 --> 00:11:22,559 into that hidden something else, giving off lots of X rays because it's heated 128 00:11:22,639 --> 00:11:26,799 up very hot as it's as gravity brings it in and creates friction as it 129 00:11:26,919 --> 00:11:31,399 orbits down to that unseen something else. And from the mass of that unseen 130 00:11:31,480 --> 00:11:35,360 something else, you know it's a black hole because there's nothing else that could 131 00:11:35,360 --> 00:11:41,080 be that small and that massive. Wow. And so we know that we 132 00:11:41,159 --> 00:11:45,360 have a black hole in the center of our galaxy. And do you think 133 00:11:45,440 --> 00:11:50,480 all galaxies? Is that? What makes a galaxy happen? Basically that's a 134 00:11:50,480 --> 00:11:54,279 really good question. So first I should say there's basically two different classes of 135 00:11:54,360 --> 00:12:00,399 black holes. One is the type that form when a star dies, so 136 00:12:00,480 --> 00:12:03,720 their masses are going to be just a few times that of the Sun, 137 00:12:03,120 --> 00:12:07,080 and we see those all over the place, you know, in these binary 138 00:12:07,159 --> 00:12:09,440 systems, like I was mentioning, giving off lots of X rays, that's 139 00:12:09,440 --> 00:12:15,440 how you find them. The other are black holes that are millions to billions 140 00:12:15,440 --> 00:12:18,600 of times the mass of the Sun, and those are found in the centers 141 00:12:18,639 --> 00:12:22,440 of galaxies. So the one in the center of the Milky Way has four 142 00:12:22,519 --> 00:12:28,039 million times the mass of the Sun, which is actually pretty light weight compared 143 00:12:28,080 --> 00:12:33,159 to many others. There is pretty strong evidence that most, if not all 144 00:12:33,559 --> 00:12:39,480 galaxies have a black hole at their center. But one of the big questions 145 00:12:39,559 --> 00:12:41,720 is the chicken or egg question, which is which came first. Did the 146 00:12:41,759 --> 00:12:48,000 black hole form first and lead to the galaxy collecting around it with its gravity, 147 00:12:48,480 --> 00:12:52,840 or is it the other way around? The galaxy forms first and mattered 148 00:12:52,879 --> 00:12:56,279 down in the center collapses to make the black hole, And no one knows 149 00:12:56,320 --> 00:13:03,159 the answer to that question. Well, how how safe are we as far 150 00:13:03,200 --> 00:13:07,759 as like a super nova actually getting us someday? You know, I mean, 151 00:13:07,799 --> 00:13:18,000 I've listened to astronomy casting h Frasier over there says something like the universe 152 00:13:18,080 --> 00:13:22,399 is out to kill us in so many different ways, you know. I 153 00:13:22,399 --> 00:13:28,240 mean it's possible, right that I mean, but is it in our galaxy 154 00:13:28,320 --> 00:13:33,000 that we have to worry about? No further than that, right, it 155 00:13:33,039 --> 00:13:37,759 would have to be quite close within our galaxy to pose any real danger. 156 00:13:39,159 --> 00:13:43,559 So we know the kinds of stars that supernova. They're very big, bright 157 00:13:45,240 --> 00:13:48,919 stars, so if there were any near us, we would know about them. 158 00:13:48,960 --> 00:13:54,200 And the closest star that is likely to go supernova anytime in the next 159 00:13:54,240 --> 00:14:00,000 few thousand years is Betel Juice. Oh yeah, in the shoulder of Orion 160 00:14:00,000 --> 00:14:05,840 and it turns out for complex reasons. It's really difficult to determine the exact 161 00:14:05,879 --> 00:14:09,519 distance of Batel juice, but it's probably about six hundred light years away. 162 00:14:11,399 --> 00:14:16,679 Now. At that distance, the radiation and the particles from the supernova explosion 163 00:14:16,159 --> 00:14:22,360 could potentially have some impact on Earth, you know, causing mutations and living 164 00:14:22,480 --> 00:14:26,279 organisms and so on, but I would not expect it to be a major 165 00:14:26,879 --> 00:14:30,720 influence. It wouldn't be much different than you know, for example, the 166 00:14:30,759 --> 00:14:35,639 effects of when we had the ozone hole forming back a few decades ago. 167 00:14:35,360 --> 00:14:39,360 Now, if there were a supernova to happen much closer, that could have 168 00:14:39,600 --> 00:14:46,399 more significant biological effects. There is nothing There are no stars close enough to 169 00:14:46,399 --> 00:14:50,559 do that right now. But if you go millions and millions of years in 170 00:14:50,600 --> 00:14:54,759 the future, because we're all orbiting in the Milky Way, stars are moving 171 00:14:54,799 --> 00:14:58,120 relative to one another, there will be times in the future when there are 172 00:14:58,240 --> 00:15:01,799 stars that go supernova nearby. And there have been times in the distant past 173 00:15:03,080 --> 00:15:07,519 when that's happened. And there are some scientists who wonder if you know, 174 00:15:07,600 --> 00:15:11,120 some of the big events we see in evolution when you get increases in the 175 00:15:11,200 --> 00:15:15,559 mutation rate, you know, mass extinctions, and things like that. Whether 176 00:15:15,600 --> 00:15:22,399 there could have been some ties to a supernova happening nearby, it's an unanswered 177 00:15:22,480 --> 00:15:28,360 question, my own guests is probably not I think, as I usually tell 178 00:15:28,399 --> 00:15:33,240 people when they're worrying about cosmic catastrophes like this, we can't rule them completely 179 00:15:33,240 --> 00:15:35,120 out. But we have much more to worry about in terms of what we 180 00:15:35,200 --> 00:15:39,600 do to ourselves than what the cosmos does to us. Right I think we're 181 00:15:39,679 --> 00:15:43,600 sort of undergoing a mass extinction right now. We can talk. We'll talk 182 00:15:43,639 --> 00:15:48,279 a little bit about that when we're going to talk about something that you've been 183 00:15:48,320 --> 00:15:54,279 really working hard on later on in the show. But before that, I 184 00:15:54,320 --> 00:15:56,639 want to talk about last time I had you on, you were talking about 185 00:15:56,639 --> 00:16:03,320 a project that you did where I think it was somewhere in Maryland or maybe 186 00:16:03,360 --> 00:16:07,200 even Washington, d C. Where you set up a replication of what the 187 00:16:07,200 --> 00:16:14,279 solar system would be like with the sun the size of a grapefruit, and 188 00:16:14,399 --> 00:16:18,720 I remember Earth was a size smaller than a ball point pen, the point 189 00:16:18,759 --> 00:16:23,360 on a ballpoint pen. Yes, very good memory. And the nearest star, 190 00:16:25,919 --> 00:16:32,120 the nearest star is in California right on that scale scale. So that's 191 00:16:32,559 --> 00:16:41,799 that's a really good way to explain to anyone out there how far the nearest 192 00:16:41,799 --> 00:16:45,960 star is, and you know, and as far as that goes, what 193 00:16:45,080 --> 00:16:49,000 is that for about four light years? Yes, so I'm really glad you 194 00:16:49,000 --> 00:16:52,879 brought this up because it's something that we're actually, after not working on it 195 00:16:53,000 --> 00:16:56,399 much for a while, we're working very hard on right now. So, 196 00:16:56,960 --> 00:16:59,639 yes, we've one of the big things that my career has been working on 197 00:16:59,720 --> 00:17:02,960 building these scale models of the Solar system. So we build it one to 198 00:17:03,039 --> 00:17:06,920 ten billion scale, and on that scale, the Sun is about that big. 199 00:17:07,279 --> 00:17:10,279 Earth is smaller than the ballpoint in a pen. The Moon is that 200 00:17:10,440 --> 00:17:15,039 far to two and a half inches from Earth, and the nearest stars the 201 00:17:15,079 --> 00:17:18,559 distance across the United States on the same scale, but on that scale, 202 00:17:18,559 --> 00:17:22,200 you can walk the Solar system in a few minutes. So we have the 203 00:17:22,279 --> 00:17:25,400 voyage scale model Solar System. The one you're mentioning is actually it's on the 204 00:17:25,480 --> 00:17:30,960 National Mall and Watching in DC, right outside the National Air and Space Museum. 205 00:17:30,000 --> 00:17:34,839 We have a couple others in other cities and they were all actually based 206 00:17:34,880 --> 00:17:38,839 on the one we built first at the University of Colorado and Boulder. And 207 00:17:38,960 --> 00:17:42,279 beforehand you were telling me that you actually lived around here, but we didn't 208 00:17:42,279 --> 00:17:47,640 have the model installed at that time. But our Boulder model is now thirty 209 00:17:47,720 --> 00:17:52,039 two years old and we're getting ready to replace it with one of these Voyage 210 00:17:52,079 --> 00:17:56,960 models, and then we're hoping to replicate them all across the country because they 211 00:17:57,000 --> 00:18:00,200 are such a great learning tool for so many things, to get a sense 212 00:18:00,240 --> 00:18:07,119 of what the Earth really looks like in space. And so anyone can go 213 00:18:07,160 --> 00:18:11,880 to Voyage Solar System dot org and learned about how you can get your own 214 00:18:11,039 --> 00:18:15,359 Voyage Solar Model Voyage Solar System in your community. Let me ask you how 215 00:18:15,680 --> 00:18:22,200 how was that thing displayed? Because when you're picturing like something smaller than a 216 00:18:22,240 --> 00:18:26,039 ballpoint and a ballpoint pen, how would you actually even position something like that? 217 00:18:26,599 --> 00:18:32,480 Yeah, so they're they're attached to these structures that have, you know, 218 00:18:32,519 --> 00:18:37,079 some information and color pictures and information about each planet as you go along, 219 00:18:37,440 --> 00:18:41,880 and then the planets themselves are in laser crystals. Some of your viewers 220 00:18:41,880 --> 00:18:48,319 can see me right here, Oh yes, yep on YouTube, Yeah, 221 00:18:48,400 --> 00:18:53,359 on YouTube. So I'm holding here a laser crystal that has all of the 222 00:18:53,400 --> 00:18:57,839 planets in it to scale, and the Sun is the big outline here. 223 00:18:57,960 --> 00:19:03,240 You probably can't see it too well, but when you go right up to 224 00:19:03,359 --> 00:19:06,599 it, you can see the planets really clearly. So each planet has its 225 00:19:06,599 --> 00:19:11,599 own laser crystal on its own pedestal at the correct distance from the bottle Sun 226 00:19:11,799 --> 00:19:17,519 in this exhibit. Yeah, great, thank you for that. So I 227 00:19:17,519 --> 00:19:19,880 want to talk a little bit about the possibility of life out there, and 228 00:19:21,480 --> 00:19:26,920 first of all, just thinking about this in general, the first spark of 229 00:19:26,960 --> 00:19:32,799 life is such a mystery and how you know, do you I know, 230 00:19:33,079 --> 00:19:37,680 as a scientist you probably don't like to speculate too much, but I mean, 231 00:19:37,279 --> 00:19:42,640 do you or do people theorize in the science world that it was just 232 00:19:44,000 --> 00:19:48,240 a happenstance that the first life happened. Everything just was exactly right at the 233 00:19:48,359 --> 00:19:52,519 right time. And to make the first spark of life, well, that's 234 00:19:52,519 --> 00:19:57,079 a really big question in terms of you know, that's why studying the possible 235 00:19:57,079 --> 00:20:02,680 origin of life is such a big part of the search for life beyond Earth, 236 00:20:02,720 --> 00:20:07,240 because if that's a key question, and the question is basically you can 237 00:20:07,279 --> 00:20:11,480 take it down to the fact that at this point, thanks to the discoveries 238 00:20:11,519 --> 00:20:15,599 of the Kepler Mission and lots of telescopes around the world, we now know 239 00:20:15,640 --> 00:20:19,200 that planets are very common in the universe star almost all stars have planets. 240 00:20:19,839 --> 00:20:26,519 We also know that planets the size of Earth in earthlike orbits are very common. 241 00:20:27,240 --> 00:20:33,319 And so now we essentially know for sure that planets of the right size 242 00:20:33,359 --> 00:20:37,240 at the right distance from the Earth are all over the place. So the 243 00:20:37,319 --> 00:20:41,119 question is, then, would they, as happened on Earth, also get 244 00:20:41,240 --> 00:20:45,559 life. How likely is that? And to answer that question you need to 245 00:20:45,559 --> 00:20:52,079 look into how you would expect chemistry to work and whether it would naturally point 246 00:20:52,119 --> 00:20:56,200 in the direction of life, or whether it takes some really odd lucky event 247 00:20:56,440 --> 00:21:02,519 to make life happen. And I would say that general belief of the vast 248 00:21:02,640 --> 00:21:07,440 majority of the scientists to study this, including myself, is that the chemistry 249 00:21:07,480 --> 00:21:11,720 favors life. I think most of us would say, if you have one 250 00:21:11,720 --> 00:21:17,480 of these planets right size, right distance from the Sun, and we know 251 00:21:17,559 --> 00:21:22,079 there's lots of them out there, that they are most likely going to have 252 00:21:22,200 --> 00:21:26,440 life on him. I mentioned I think it was two shows ago, maybe 253 00:21:26,440 --> 00:21:30,440 the last show caller called in was talking about life out there, and I 254 00:21:30,519 --> 00:21:37,240 said that life is really fights to be here on this planet. You know, 255 00:21:37,279 --> 00:21:41,359 when you think of where they have found life actually since the last time 256 00:21:41,400 --> 00:21:45,640 we spoke. I believe, you know, in acidic places and you know, 257 00:21:45,720 --> 00:21:52,920 then deep below the Arctic, you know where Photona to a light may 258 00:21:52,240 --> 00:21:56,960 come down that way at some point. But I mean, it's just amazing 259 00:21:56,960 --> 00:22:03,319 where life will just to be here. Yeah, you know, yes, 260 00:22:03,359 --> 00:22:07,759 And I think that's another thing that makes most of us think that life is 261 00:22:08,240 --> 00:22:11,680 almost you know, we can't until we discover it, we can't say for 262 00:22:11,759 --> 00:22:15,720 sure, but but I think most of us expect that life is very common 263 00:22:15,759 --> 00:22:22,440 in the universe because it's favored. Yeah, you know, I know I've 264 00:22:22,480 --> 00:22:26,720 always you know, I've wondered things like I wonder what the equivalent of someone's 265 00:22:26,759 --> 00:22:30,160 first car out there, or someone's first kiss out there, maybe to another 266 00:22:30,240 --> 00:22:34,119 being. You know, it's probably pretty nice to speculate all that. We're 267 00:22:34,119 --> 00:22:37,839 going to go into break and we'll be picking this up when we come back. 268 00:22:38,720 --> 00:22:42,880 My guest is Jeff Bennett, and we'll be right back right after these 269 00:22:42,920 --> 00:22:47,359 messages. All right, Jeff, so we're still we're still on Well, 270 00:22:47,440 --> 00:22:51,880 we'll bring up another topic while we're here and break for this three minutes. 271 00:22:52,559 --> 00:22:56,839 And so I'm just going to ask you about um UFOs in Colorado. Do 272 00:22:56,920 --> 00:23:03,480 you know anything about uf sightings in in Colorado or have you ever looked into 273 00:23:03,519 --> 00:23:07,400 that topic at all? You know, honestly, I have not. Um. 274 00:23:07,480 --> 00:23:11,680 We were recently this summer we took a hiking trip down to the sand 275 00:23:11,759 --> 00:23:17,279 dunes and I saw there's some sort of UFO place down there. Oh uh 276 00:23:17,319 --> 00:23:21,279 huh and them but oh, yes, the tower. Are you talking about 277 00:23:21,319 --> 00:23:25,279 the tower? Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, um, because I 278 00:23:25,759 --> 00:23:30,599 know, um, there's the I'm trying to remember exactly. Chris O'Brien does 279 00:23:30,839 --> 00:23:37,200 a lot of work on it. This San uh guy can't Lewis bow Lewis, 280 00:23:38,480 --> 00:23:44,920 thank you race. Uh yeah, I mean there's a there's a that's 281 00:23:44,920 --> 00:23:48,960 a real hot spot, you know, as far as UFOs go. And 282 00:23:48,000 --> 00:23:52,359 I know you know UFOs isn't really your thing, but you're not you're not 283 00:23:52,480 --> 00:23:57,319 closed minded to the topic. No. I had a great discussion recently with 284 00:23:57,680 --> 00:24:02,279 James Fox, who you probably oh yeah, no. He turns out to 285 00:24:02,319 --> 00:24:04,359 be the brother of a good friend of ours. And how about that. 286 00:24:06,160 --> 00:24:08,839 Yeah, yeah, we had a lot of fun, fun chatting and stuff. 287 00:24:08,920 --> 00:24:12,160 Yeah. Yeah. His by the way, up, since you mentioned 288 00:24:12,240 --> 00:24:19,240 him, his film was just purchased by uh ten twenty one. Uh I 289 00:24:19,279 --> 00:24:22,039 think that's the name of it. It's going to be released next um, 290 00:24:22,359 --> 00:24:30,440 June or July. So excellent, So that'll be that'll be great. That's 291 00:24:30,680 --> 00:24:38,240 what did I say? Okay, a race, Why don't you just stay 292 00:24:38,319 --> 00:24:44,319 right here and help me through this. I'm trying. I'm trying, I 293 00:24:44,400 --> 00:24:48,400 know. Yeah. Yeah, thanks for that. Um So anyway, that 294 00:24:48,480 --> 00:24:51,519 will be coming out next year. Yeah, James is James is a lot 295 00:24:51,519 --> 00:24:56,400 of fun. He's a really interesting guy and uh uh uh we shared a 296 00:24:56,440 --> 00:25:00,319 cab out in Phoenix a few months ago and had really a lot of fun 297 00:25:00,319 --> 00:25:04,640 conversations. He's great. Yeah. I don't think anyone works as hard as 298 00:25:04,720 --> 00:25:08,880 him either. Not too many people putting together a film like he does. 299 00:25:08,880 --> 00:25:15,079 He does a really great job. Yeah, and so I know that, 300 00:25:15,839 --> 00:25:19,960 for instance, in the whole Midwest, there are a lot of UFO sightings. 301 00:25:21,079 --> 00:25:23,839 And all right, everyone, welcome back. This is Martin Willison. 302 00:25:23,880 --> 00:25:30,160 My guest is Jeff Bennett, and we were talking before the break. We 303 00:25:30,160 --> 00:25:40,680 were talking about basically the Solar system and the distance and between stars and the 304 00:25:40,799 --> 00:25:48,559 likeliness of life happening out there. And so I think that is really interesting. 305 00:25:49,160 --> 00:25:55,400 The fact that you know I mean life most likely is happening out there, 306 00:25:55,519 --> 00:26:00,119 and intelligent life I think it was you're saying that when it comes to 307 00:26:00,160 --> 00:26:07,759 intelligent life out there, that can you tell me how that went? That 308 00:26:07,920 --> 00:26:12,240 if a society can get through the bottleneck of technology, how did that go? 309 00:26:12,319 --> 00:26:17,880 Exactly? Well? So that there's two parts to this. The first 310 00:26:18,000 --> 00:26:22,799 is while I think it's very commonly thought that life would be common among scientists, 311 00:26:23,119 --> 00:26:27,920 the question of whether that life eventually becomes intelligent is more more difficult because 312 00:26:27,960 --> 00:26:33,039 you know, on Earth it took four and a half billion years before intelligence 313 00:26:33,079 --> 00:26:37,559 finally evolved, so that might mean there's a lot less intelligent life than just 314 00:26:38,039 --> 00:26:44,160 life plane. But if you do get an intelligent civilization, then the question 315 00:26:44,319 --> 00:26:48,279 is we're always going to get to the bottleneck that we're at today because the 316 00:26:48,319 --> 00:26:53,359 technology that we could use to communicate or to travel into space is the same 317 00:26:53,359 --> 00:26:59,759 technology technology that we can use to destroy ourselves. So the question is due 318 00:26:59,759 --> 00:27:04,039 and elligant civilizations make it past this bottleneck. It's a question we all want 319 00:27:04,079 --> 00:27:10,079 to know the answer to because we're in the bottleneck now right And my argument 320 00:27:10,119 --> 00:27:12,519 is that if we do get past this point, if we can survive the 321 00:27:12,559 --> 00:27:18,359 next century and deal with problems like nuclear war and global warming and so on. 322 00:27:18,839 --> 00:27:26,200 Then at that point there's nothing that would stop us from eventually moving out 323 00:27:26,839 --> 00:27:33,599 exploring space, traveling to the stars. Yes, and the bottlenecks you know, 324 00:27:33,640 --> 00:27:37,960 you mentioned global warming. I know that's some of your study before we 325 00:27:37,000 --> 00:27:44,599 get into that though, as far as the technology, you know, we 326 00:27:44,759 --> 00:27:48,720 just talked about a star being as far from the East coast to California, 327 00:27:48,759 --> 00:27:55,559 when the sun is the size of a grapefruit, the distances, and as 328 00:27:55,599 --> 00:28:00,799 far as the technology that we have not discovered yet that would actually make us 329 00:28:00,839 --> 00:28:08,359 able to travel that type of space. Okay, I have a point here. 330 00:28:08,359 --> 00:28:12,200 I'm just trying to think where I'm going with this. Do you think 331 00:28:12,200 --> 00:28:19,359 that artificial intelligence is something that's going to be building something that will make this 332 00:28:19,480 --> 00:28:26,200 happen? In other words, you know that artificial intelligence someday make it to 333 00:28:26,279 --> 00:28:33,440 the point where it can replicate itself. And then there's the quantum computing that 334 00:28:33,480 --> 00:28:36,920 I'll be talking to the next guest about. And do you think that it's 335 00:28:37,000 --> 00:28:41,920 possible that that is what's going to put us there instead of the human mind? 336 00:28:42,119 --> 00:28:45,720 Well, certainly that's a that's an interesting possibility, and in fact, 337 00:28:45,799 --> 00:28:49,839 going way back before people really even talk too much about this, the famous 338 00:28:49,920 --> 00:28:56,720 mathematician John von Newman, back in like the nineteen twenties or thirties or as 339 00:28:56,799 --> 00:29:00,759 I think, had proposed that it wouldn't be people colonizing the stars, it 340 00:29:00,759 --> 00:29:07,240 would be machines, self replicating machines. Wow, and nineteen twenties, did 341 00:29:07,279 --> 00:29:11,839 you say. I don't remember exactly when, but it goes way way back 342 00:29:11,920 --> 00:29:15,240 that he was talking about this, this idea, and you know, you'll 343 00:29:15,240 --> 00:29:19,519 find a lot of stuff written about bonus machines and whether they might be the 344 00:29:19,559 --> 00:29:23,759 things that we should be looking for colonizing the galaxy. And it's just basically 345 00:29:23,759 --> 00:29:29,559 the idea that these voyages, even with you know, technology far beyond our 346 00:29:29,599 --> 00:29:33,720 own, you're still talking about distances that because you're limited to slower the speed 347 00:29:33,759 --> 00:29:37,519 of light travel as far as we know, they're very, very long voyages, 348 00:29:37,559 --> 00:29:41,559 and people might not enjoy them that much, but machines could handle them 349 00:29:41,680 --> 00:29:47,200 fine, and they could get someplace and then start building copies of themselves and 350 00:29:47,200 --> 00:29:52,319 then move on to the next place and so on. I think that we 351 00:29:52,440 --> 00:29:55,920 talked before the show. I told you that I had set shot stack on, 352 00:29:56,319 --> 00:30:00,119 and I think that that is the only type of a situation that he 353 00:30:00,240 --> 00:30:06,839 may think is a possibility that you know, machines might be or could be 354 00:30:06,880 --> 00:30:11,720 traveling, but not not beings. I think he mentioned something along those lines, 355 00:30:11,880 --> 00:30:15,519 and I understand that. But also it is possible that there's something about 356 00:30:15,559 --> 00:30:19,720 the physics that we don't understand. You mentioned that as far as we know, 357 00:30:19,799 --> 00:30:22,559 we're limited by light speed, but maybe we're not. You know, 358 00:30:22,880 --> 00:30:30,079 uh, there's a warp drive. Yeah, yeah, that there are possibilities 359 00:30:30,200 --> 00:30:33,359 is really interesting to um, you know, contemplate that that whole thing, 360 00:30:34,279 --> 00:30:38,720 right, And Okay, another thing that's worth thinking about here when you bring 361 00:30:38,799 --> 00:30:44,880 up the artificial intelligence, is also the sort of virtual reality type of thing. 362 00:30:44,960 --> 00:30:48,759 For example, you could imagine, in fact, if you saw there 363 00:30:48,799 --> 00:30:52,359 was a Steven Spielberg movie about a video game Ready Player one, you know, 364 00:30:52,359 --> 00:30:56,000 where they had the whole suits and can go into virtual world where they 365 00:30:56,359 --> 00:31:02,440 not only saw like we do with the mask today, but felt and so 366 00:31:02,680 --> 00:31:07,680 on, and so you can imagine that we send machines out to other stars 367 00:31:07,680 --> 00:31:11,920 and other planets and you don't even have to go, but you can feel 368 00:31:11,519 --> 00:31:18,559 like you're there. So that might be something that people would find more attractive 369 00:31:18,559 --> 00:31:22,839 than getting into spaceship themselves and traveling as well. So it's hard to say 370 00:31:22,960 --> 00:31:26,200 where the technology will take us. Yeah, I know I would. I'd 371 00:31:26,319 --> 00:31:30,759 rather do that. So do you do you think we're so you think we're 372 00:31:30,960 --> 00:31:36,200 kind of in a bottleneck right now as far as technology goes. Do you 373 00:31:36,240 --> 00:31:41,279 want to talk about that? Well? Yeah, I think by that bottleneck, 374 00:31:41,319 --> 00:31:44,799 I mean basically that we've reached the point where we have the technology to 375 00:31:44,839 --> 00:31:48,599 destroy our civilization, uh, you know, run us back into the dark 376 00:31:48,599 --> 00:31:52,119 ages. And there's multiple ways that we could do that. You know. 377 00:31:52,160 --> 00:31:56,720 The perhaps the simplest to understand and most obvious is blowing up lots of nuclear 378 00:31:56,759 --> 00:32:00,359 bombs, right that would send us back to the dark ages for sure. 379 00:32:01,400 --> 00:32:07,359 Just general hatred, intolerance, civil wars around the world that could do it 380 00:32:07,400 --> 00:32:10,759 too. But as you mentioned, my big focus has been on global warming 381 00:32:10,799 --> 00:32:16,799 because I think that's the one that's most likely to create that problem for us, 382 00:32:17,160 --> 00:32:22,759 primarily because it's one that's easy to ignore because it's been creeping up on 383 00:32:22,880 --> 00:32:25,559 us, and you have people who try to pretend it's not real and so 384 00:32:25,680 --> 00:32:30,599 on, and that makes it one that we're having you know, nuclear weapons, 385 00:32:30,599 --> 00:32:31,599 it's easy for everybody to say, oh, yeah, that would be 386 00:32:31,640 --> 00:32:37,920 bad, and we still have them, but hopefully we're smart enough not to 387 00:32:37,039 --> 00:32:42,000 use them, whereas with global warming, it's harder for people to see and 388 00:32:42,079 --> 00:32:46,079 therefore more likely to buide us. You know, I've had this subject of 389 00:32:46,160 --> 00:32:53,359 global warming between a few different friends, and I get the comeback of, 390 00:32:53,599 --> 00:33:00,480 oh, well, that's a liberal thing, and also there's people are making 391 00:33:00,400 --> 00:33:04,680 millions and billions of dollars on it, and that's what it's all about, 392 00:33:04,720 --> 00:33:07,799 and so what what's your argument. I'm sure people say something like that to 393 00:33:07,839 --> 00:33:13,319 you as well. Those are both very easy to answer. The first terms 394 00:33:13,319 --> 00:33:16,480 of the liberal thing is just look back in time and find out who was 395 00:33:16,519 --> 00:33:22,079 the first major global leader to warn about the significant danger of this problem, 396 00:33:22,400 --> 00:33:25,519 and it was actually Margaret Thatcher in nineteen eighty nine giving a speech to the 397 00:33:25,599 --> 00:33:30,839 United Nations about this topic. That link has posted on my website. You 398 00:33:30,880 --> 00:33:34,759 can watch it at global warming primer dot com. Margaret Thatcher was not a 399 00:33:34,799 --> 00:33:38,920 liberal, and so it clearly was not a liberal issue, and that's just 400 00:33:39,400 --> 00:33:44,480 a myth that's been manufactured. And the same for the people making lots of 401 00:33:44,519 --> 00:33:47,119 money you know, there's there are researchers who get grant money, but I 402 00:33:47,200 --> 00:33:52,839 tell you none of them are getting rich. Research salaries are very low compared 403 00:33:52,880 --> 00:33:55,319 to what lots of people are earning in the private sector, and no one's 404 00:33:55,319 --> 00:33:59,960 getting rich off this topic. In my case, I've never received a set 405 00:34:00,240 --> 00:34:05,599 for it. And that's true of the vast majority of people who are focused 406 00:34:05,599 --> 00:34:08,199 on this and speaking out on it. On the other side, the people 407 00:34:08,199 --> 00:34:15,119 who are spreading the misinformation about it oftentimes are coming from places where they're getting 408 00:34:15,119 --> 00:34:19,960 paid quite a lot of money by companies that have invested interests there. And 409 00:34:20,000 --> 00:34:24,760 can you give us an example of that. The Heartland Institute has been one 410 00:34:24,800 --> 00:34:30,000 of the major funders of disinformation on climate change. I actually had the opportunity 411 00:34:30,039 --> 00:34:35,960 to debate someone funded by them who they mail out these things two hundreds of 412 00:34:36,039 --> 00:34:40,440 thousands of teachers saying how the IPCC is all wrong, and when I investigator 413 00:34:40,480 --> 00:34:44,880 did it in detail, and I have a whole post on the website medium 414 00:34:44,880 --> 00:34:49,000 that people can look at for this. It turns out that every study they 415 00:34:49,039 --> 00:34:52,800 cite, they if you actually talk to the scientists who did those studies, 416 00:34:52,800 --> 00:34:58,280 they say they've been grossly misinterpreted by these folks, deliberately misinterpreted. All right, 417 00:34:58,920 --> 00:35:04,599 so, how I've been worried about climate change for a while. How 418 00:35:05,559 --> 00:35:09,320 and you know, recently, I think was last year there was a number 419 00:35:09,480 --> 00:35:14,199 like twelve who don't get our act together within twelve years or something like that, 420 00:35:14,239 --> 00:35:21,119 we're basically screwed. Can you let us know what you have found out? 421 00:35:21,880 --> 00:35:23,719 Where are we? What type of situation are we in right now? 422 00:35:24,400 --> 00:35:30,239 Well, we are in an extremely dangerous situation. The twelve year number is 423 00:35:30,280 --> 00:35:34,320 not a specific, you know, hit or miss thing. The twelve year 424 00:35:34,440 --> 00:35:38,519 number is based on the models. That's a certain level of warming that we 425 00:35:38,519 --> 00:35:43,079 could stave off if we act by that point. If we don't, we're 426 00:35:43,119 --> 00:35:46,400 going to have more warming than that. In terms of at what point were 427 00:35:46,400 --> 00:35:52,519 you're facing a really serious crisis to our future, to our kids and grandkids 428 00:35:52,559 --> 00:35:55,519 future, my answer would be, we're already there. The warming that we 429 00:35:55,559 --> 00:36:00,360 could stave off in twelve years to me is already and lead to very very 430 00:36:00,400 --> 00:36:06,920 serious consequences for our kids and grandkids. So I think the sooner we do 431 00:36:07,039 --> 00:36:09,840 something, the better, and the longer the weight, the more severe of 432 00:36:09,920 --> 00:36:15,199 consequences will have to deal with. Before we get the opportunity to hopefully turn 433 00:36:15,239 --> 00:36:20,920 it around. And what we're turning it around involve and it seems like people 434 00:36:20,920 --> 00:36:23,440 are going to be sacrificing, and that's what people do not want to do, 435 00:36:24,239 --> 00:36:29,480 correct, you know, I think that's false actually, And that's one 436 00:36:29,480 --> 00:36:31,360 of the things I would like to really emphasize. Are you still hearing me 437 00:36:31,360 --> 00:36:37,679 because you pose? Okay? Yeah? Good? You know what it involves 438 00:36:37,760 --> 00:36:40,800 is we have to not be using fossil fuels for our energy anymore coal, 439 00:36:40,840 --> 00:36:45,599 oil, and gas, which means we need to switch to other energy sources 440 00:36:45,760 --> 00:36:52,559 better efficiency, renewables, nuclear power. None of those give off any greenhouse 441 00:36:52,639 --> 00:36:57,239 gases. And the fact is, when you look at the subsidies that we 442 00:36:57,360 --> 00:37:04,159 give to fossil fuels, which have been estimated by conservative economists from the IMF 443 00:37:04,159 --> 00:37:07,000 and the US and so on, or a trillion dollars per year in the 444 00:37:07,079 --> 00:37:12,920 United States, we're actually spending much more money for our fossil fuel energy than 445 00:37:12,960 --> 00:37:15,599 we would be if we were using these other sources. So it would actually 446 00:37:15,639 --> 00:37:22,039 be a net benefit to the economy as opposed to a sacrifice if we were 447 00:37:22,079 --> 00:37:25,719 to switch over. And one of the best examples of the analysis done by 448 00:37:25,719 --> 00:37:29,559 This is by a group I've mentioned to you beforehand. I got to meet 449 00:37:29,920 --> 00:37:34,000 George Schultz a little over a week ago, who was Ronald Reagan's Secretary of 450 00:37:34,039 --> 00:37:38,119 State, and he's formed a whole group of former Republican administration officials who've done 451 00:37:38,159 --> 00:37:42,440 this economic analysis. And if you look at the cover of their report, 452 00:37:42,760 --> 00:37:46,920 you'll see it says that this changeover not only solves the problem of global warming, 453 00:37:47,119 --> 00:37:52,119 but it strengthens the economy, reduces regulation, benefits working class Americans, 454 00:37:52,559 --> 00:37:58,920 and so on. That this is actually something that even if you don't believe 455 00:37:58,960 --> 00:38:01,679 it's real, we still benefit from solving it. But do you think I 456 00:38:01,960 --> 00:38:06,599 know this is way off, and I hope the listener will hang in there 457 00:38:06,599 --> 00:38:08,000 because I know this is way off of the topic we usually talk about, 458 00:38:08,360 --> 00:38:14,679 but I really think it's important to talk about. And do you think that 459 00:38:14,800 --> 00:38:21,199 there has to be like a complete breakdown of the system. You know, 460 00:38:21,239 --> 00:38:25,159 I mean, for like the oil companies and everyone involved in fossil fuels, 461 00:38:25,480 --> 00:38:29,079 they're not going to give up easy. They're not going to go away easy. 462 00:38:30,119 --> 00:38:35,320 You know. Actually, the vast majority of fossil fuel companies already understand 463 00:38:35,360 --> 00:38:38,840 this problem and know it needs a solution, and they're actually advocating for solutions 464 00:38:38,880 --> 00:38:45,039 because they need the business incentives that will allow them to make the change in 465 00:38:45,079 --> 00:38:49,440 their business structure away from those fuels toward other ones. I mean, the 466 00:38:49,480 --> 00:38:52,800 same companies that are doing fossil fuels now are in the best position to do 467 00:38:52,840 --> 00:38:57,960 renewables, nuclear and so on. So they want to make that change, 468 00:38:58,039 --> 00:39:01,400 most of them, not all of them. And so they're advocating for the 469 00:39:01,440 --> 00:39:07,840 same carbon tax that George Schultz's group is advocating for the Citizens Climate Lobby, 470 00:39:07,880 --> 00:39:14,800 because that provides the market incentive to help them make that transition. And I'll 471 00:39:14,840 --> 00:39:17,320 just point out for anybody who's got more questions on this, my whole book 472 00:39:17,360 --> 00:39:23,239 and show is posted for free online at global warming primer dot com and it's 473 00:39:23,239 --> 00:39:28,360 in question and answer format, you know, probably answer any question anyone has 474 00:39:28,440 --> 00:39:32,280 on it. And just to tie it back to our UFOs discussion, if 475 00:39:32,320 --> 00:39:37,280 there are people visiting us in UFOs, they went through a time in their 476 00:39:37,320 --> 00:39:42,920 civilization when they would have faced the same type of threat. Maybe not in 477 00:39:42,960 --> 00:39:46,559 the exact same form, but fossil fuels probably exist on any planet that gets 478 00:39:46,559 --> 00:39:52,440 a civilization, and they're easy to tap into. So they would have presumably 479 00:39:52,519 --> 00:39:57,320 had to have solved this problem just as we're faced with solving it now. 480 00:39:57,440 --> 00:39:59,760 So it'd be really nice to talk to them and find out how they did 481 00:39:59,800 --> 00:40:04,159 it. Wow, something I certainly have never thought of. That's really interesting. 482 00:40:04,519 --> 00:40:07,679 Well, I'm not an advocate of nuclear power myself, and that is, 483 00:40:08,239 --> 00:40:13,920 you know, for the number one thing for me as the not just 484 00:40:14,000 --> 00:40:17,239 the danger of it, but the waste we put on our future, five 485 00:40:17,280 --> 00:40:22,519 thousand generations of our future to take care of, you know. And I 486 00:40:22,559 --> 00:40:25,239 don't think there's any real good answer for the waste when it comes to that. 487 00:40:25,280 --> 00:40:29,440 Well, that's true, but I can tell you, for example, 488 00:40:30,840 --> 00:40:35,480 if you want to know where most nuclear waste is being generated right now, 489 00:40:35,880 --> 00:40:39,719 it's actually from coal plants. Coal plants are spewing something like a hundred times 490 00:40:39,800 --> 00:40:45,880 as much uranium into the atmosphere because there is uranium and coal then is produced 491 00:40:45,880 --> 00:40:50,039 by nuclear power plants. And with a nuclear power plant, you take that 492 00:40:50,119 --> 00:40:52,400 waste and you store it in one place where you can in principle keep an 493 00:40:52,400 --> 00:40:55,519 eye on it. With the coal plants, it's just being spewed out into 494 00:40:55,559 --> 00:41:01,239 the atmosphere where it's affecting all of us. So there's actually a greater total 495 00:41:01,360 --> 00:41:07,039 radiation danger from our current sources than Wow. I got in an argument in 496 00:41:07,920 --> 00:41:12,880 Los Alamos at my sister's house and brother in law's house many years ago with 497 00:41:12,920 --> 00:41:15,480 the scientists out there that was saying the same thing, and I was calling 498 00:41:15,559 --> 00:41:21,400 him BS. So I guess you can look at that he has senting to 499 00:41:21,519 --> 00:41:25,440 it after all. No, Nope, and I'm not necessarily advocating for nuclear 500 00:41:25,519 --> 00:41:30,000 I'm just saying it's a potential solution to this problem that we should consider. 501 00:41:30,400 --> 00:41:34,920 But I think no energy source will ever be completely benign, and so you 502 00:41:34,960 --> 00:41:38,159 have to look at trade offs, and in my opinion that one's a lot 503 00:41:38,159 --> 00:41:44,280 safer than the ones we're currently using. Renewables might be even better or might 504 00:41:44,320 --> 00:41:47,239 not be, depending on various things like what goes into the mining and so 505 00:41:47,280 --> 00:41:52,639 on. As far as the renewables is, what do you think is is 506 00:41:52,639 --> 00:41:59,719 it Germany? What country is up relying mostly on you know, solar and 507 00:41:59,800 --> 00:42:04,239 wind and and there's one country that almost switched right over right. Well, 508 00:42:04,360 --> 00:42:07,079 nobody's been able to make a super fast transition. There's been a lot of 509 00:42:07,079 --> 00:42:10,760 people talking about doing it, you know, the real limiting factor at the 510 00:42:10,880 --> 00:42:16,119 moment for solar and wind is storage, right, batteries or some other form 511 00:42:16,159 --> 00:42:21,280 of storage for when the wind's not blowing and when it's nighttime or cloudy. 512 00:42:21,679 --> 00:42:24,320 And that problem has not been fully solved, which is part of why I 513 00:42:24,320 --> 00:42:29,400 think we shouldn't rule out nuclear before we solve that problem. But if we 514 00:42:29,480 --> 00:42:32,039 do, then that might be another way to go. You know, we 515 00:42:31,760 --> 00:42:37,719 have we have about ten minutes left. I can take a call if someone 516 00:42:37,800 --> 00:42:39,280 would like to call in. Would you like to take up? Would you 517 00:42:39,280 --> 00:42:43,880 like to take a call? Sure? All right, So I'm going to 518 00:42:43,920 --> 00:42:47,679 put that number up on the screen and that's going over there right now. 519 00:42:47,719 --> 00:42:52,840 And that number is eight five five four seven two five four eight three. 520 00:42:53,639 --> 00:42:57,960 So we only got about ten minutes if someone would like to call in and 521 00:42:58,119 --> 00:43:01,400 ask a question, you know. And while we're waiting, I thought I 522 00:43:01,480 --> 00:43:05,639 might mention because you asked me before about the you know what, if we 523 00:43:05,719 --> 00:43:08,000 do get through this bottleneck, and I think it's worth a moment on that 524 00:43:08,199 --> 00:43:13,000 because it's something that ties in with global warming. When I'm talking to kids 525 00:43:13,079 --> 00:43:15,960 also about what does their future look like? And you I remember, like 526 00:43:16,320 --> 00:43:20,000 you know, I met George Schultz. I said he's ninety nine years old. 527 00:43:20,440 --> 00:43:24,119 Today's kids won't be ninety nine until well after the year twenty one hundred. 528 00:43:24,639 --> 00:43:29,920 So ask yourself, if we survive this century, what kind of technology 529 00:43:29,960 --> 00:43:32,519 will we have in the year twenty one hundred, and you start to realize, 530 00:43:32,599 --> 00:43:37,880 well, we should by then have things like nuclear fusion, or solar 531 00:43:37,000 --> 00:43:43,280 energy from space and other things that would essentially give us free, clean, 532 00:43:44,039 --> 00:43:47,880 unlimited energy. So when you talk about wanting to start sending spaceships off around 533 00:43:49,599 --> 00:43:55,079 the Solar system, or eradicating poverty throughout the world, those all should be 534 00:43:55,119 --> 00:44:01,159 possible by that time if we deal with our immediate problems. Yeah, it 535 00:44:01,320 --> 00:44:07,119 is immediate. We have Vents on the line from Ohio Vents. Welcome to 536 00:44:07,159 --> 00:44:12,119 the show. You have a question question for Jack Martin Hie. Yes, 537 00:44:13,320 --> 00:44:17,079 you know, I hate that to hear that we, you know, scientists 538 00:44:17,079 --> 00:44:24,079 think that we are limited by our current physics knowledge and that I was wondering 539 00:44:24,679 --> 00:44:30,159 if you guys thought that if we spent all the time and the money, 540 00:44:30,199 --> 00:44:37,320 the energy towards looking at the nuts and bolts UFO technology, do you think 541 00:44:37,360 --> 00:44:42,599 we had have more answers than what we put into trying to find a signal. 542 00:44:42,639 --> 00:44:45,440 I know one day I was listening to you and you almost had Seth 543 00:44:45,480 --> 00:44:49,559 in a corner and he didn't let you actually do it, and I just 544 00:44:49,639 --> 00:44:54,440 wondered if there would be more information about disclosure if there was more energy put 545 00:44:54,480 --> 00:44:58,519 towards it. I'll take my answer off here. Thank you, all right, 546 00:44:58,599 --> 00:45:02,639 Vince, thanks for the call. Thanks you want to tackle that yet, 547 00:45:04,320 --> 00:45:07,960 sure, you know. I mean, I think the difficulty with the 548 00:45:08,400 --> 00:45:14,239 question for me is that we have to have something to study. I witness 549 00:45:14,320 --> 00:45:16,360 reports or not, something that you can really study. You would have to 550 00:45:16,400 --> 00:45:22,480 have something in your hands to study. And I think if anyone had that 551 00:45:22,559 --> 00:45:25,840 and actually could show that they had something real in their hands, I think 552 00:45:27,039 --> 00:45:30,679 lots of people would be putting lots of effort into studying it. Put so 553 00:45:30,719 --> 00:45:36,639 far, you know, to my understanding of scientists, you've looked at these 554 00:45:36,800 --> 00:45:42,679 claimed artifacts and things carefully. No one takes them seriously yet. So it's 555 00:45:42,719 --> 00:45:45,559 not a matter of that we're not putting the effort into studying it. It's 556 00:45:45,559 --> 00:45:50,519 that we don't think there's actually something there to study. We would love it 557 00:45:50,559 --> 00:45:53,480 if there was, right, that's the one thing that has we have one 558 00:45:53,519 --> 00:45:57,400 more call. I'm going to take that in just a second. That's one 559 00:45:57,400 --> 00:46:00,800 of the things that has puzzled me about to the study Ours Academy. I 560 00:46:00,840 --> 00:46:04,400 don't know if you have even looked at that at all, but one of 561 00:46:04,400 --> 00:46:10,679 the things is that they were stating that they wanted to replicate the technology by 562 00:46:12,000 --> 00:46:17,039 observing and you know, I just I haven't been getting that one, understanding 563 00:46:17,119 --> 00:46:20,880 that one. And just to your point that you just made, we have 564 00:46:21,360 --> 00:46:28,280 Jim calling from British Columbia. Welcome to the show, Jim, Hi Martini. 565 00:46:28,800 --> 00:46:32,000 I wanted to talk to Jeff Bennett. Yeah, he's right here. 566 00:46:34,400 --> 00:46:38,960 Hi. Yeah. I'm an engineer metallurgist. I did work on nuclear generate 567 00:46:39,320 --> 00:46:45,360 nuclear power, and I learned a lot about it. It wasn't my main 568 00:46:45,440 --> 00:46:51,920 job. I worked for a consulting firm and sometimes nuclear was our our customer. 569 00:46:52,239 --> 00:46:59,719 Now I've given lectures on the difference between the engineering method in the scientific 570 00:46:59,760 --> 00:47:02,440 myth, and I find a lot of scientists, even nuclear scientists own, 571 00:47:02,920 --> 00:47:08,719 do not understand what's wrong with nuclear power. The problem is the risk calculations. 572 00:47:09,480 --> 00:47:16,119 Actually, you can't do the risk calculations on nuclear and this is why, 573 00:47:16,199 --> 00:47:23,639 this is why nuclear power cannot get insurance. They cannot get insurance from 574 00:47:23,679 --> 00:47:28,840 the private sector. So all governments in the world where they have nuclear power, 575 00:47:28,920 --> 00:47:35,400 the governments ensure the nuclear power liability insurance right. And this is because 576 00:47:36,159 --> 00:47:39,239 you can't do the risk calculations. And the nuclear indus, sorry, the 577 00:47:39,719 --> 00:47:45,480 the insurance industry likes to do their their risk calculations or else it go broke, 578 00:47:45,599 --> 00:47:50,760 and they do them properly, but but you can't do them on nuclear 579 00:47:50,960 --> 00:47:53,559 You can't do it. Now. Just take a look at Fukushima. It's 580 00:47:53,639 --> 00:47:59,840 costing more and moral the time. It's not the cost of the Fukushima. 581 00:48:00,039 --> 00:48:05,159 The aster is going up over time, not down. Same thing with the 582 00:48:05,239 --> 00:48:08,159 one in the Ukraine, same deal. The cost goes up over time. 583 00:48:09,840 --> 00:48:13,440 You know. It's just yeah, I know, we're very living on time. 584 00:48:13,440 --> 00:48:16,360 So try to answer answer your question there. Yeah, we're limited on 585 00:48:16,400 --> 00:48:21,960 time, jem So yeah. So you know, again I'm not a nuclear 586 00:48:21,960 --> 00:48:24,119 expert and I'm not saying we should do it. I'm saying we shouldn't take 587 00:48:24,119 --> 00:48:28,719 it off the table as an option until we really look into it. And 588 00:48:28,760 --> 00:48:32,400 I think the key point here again is the trade offs. And we also 589 00:48:32,480 --> 00:48:37,480 can't do the risk calculations for really almost any source very well. But you 590 00:48:37,519 --> 00:48:42,320 can look at the historical data and we know, for example, that the 591 00:48:42,400 --> 00:48:47,320 fossil fuel industry does cause air and water pollution that we know about, and 592 00:48:47,360 --> 00:48:53,960 that's killing leading to an estimated premature ten million deaths per year, whereas in 593 00:48:54,000 --> 00:48:59,760 the entire history of the nuclear industry there have been the deaths from Chernobyl, 594 00:48:59,840 --> 00:49:05,079 but none others. And so you trade off ten million deaths per year going 595 00:49:05,119 --> 00:49:09,280 on year after year after year versus the historical record. Nuclear safety record actually 596 00:49:09,280 --> 00:49:13,760 looks a lot better than the safety record or fossil fuels. But again, 597 00:49:13,800 --> 00:49:17,000 we do have to look going forward and make the do the best we can 598 00:49:17,639 --> 00:49:22,320 to look at it, look at the economics of it, and then I 599 00:49:22,360 --> 00:49:27,480 would like to see a carbon tax so that we're factoring in the true costs 600 00:49:27,519 --> 00:49:30,800 of the fossil fuels, and then let the market figure it out. If 601 00:49:30,800 --> 00:49:34,320 somebody figures out how to do nuclear and can prove that it's safe and economical, 602 00:49:34,360 --> 00:49:37,199 they'll do it. If they don't, then we'll be getting our energy 603 00:49:37,199 --> 00:49:42,079 in other ways from renewables or other things. A quick comment, Jim, 604 00:49:42,119 --> 00:49:45,280 because we only have about two minutes left Okay, okay, Jim, you 605 00:49:45,320 --> 00:49:52,400 are way off, way off. Sorry, I don't think so when you 606 00:49:52,440 --> 00:49:55,639 can go to my website and you can see my actual data there. And 607 00:49:55,920 --> 00:50:00,639 I know I have research papers, my friend, I have the research papers. 608 00:50:00,719 --> 00:50:06,840 I don't read websites and environmental stuff I read. Okay, just just 609 00:50:06,920 --> 00:50:10,800 make your make your point if you have, Jim my point, Yes, 610 00:50:12,880 --> 00:50:17,599 nuclear costs too much. It's the risk is too high. And now you 611 00:50:19,039 --> 00:50:22,440 mentioned Jeff, you mentioned something about risk calculations. Look at their nautical engineering, 612 00:50:22,440 --> 00:50:25,599 look at the problem of getting an airplane across specific ocean and the risk 613 00:50:25,639 --> 00:50:30,679 calculations done, and that the risk is down to ten to the negative seven, 614 00:50:30,119 --> 00:50:34,159 ten to the negative seven. That's the risk for nuclear will never be 615 00:50:34,239 --> 00:50:37,280 that low. But the question is what is the risk? What are the 616 00:50:37,320 --> 00:50:40,960 consequences? Can you make it so that it's much safer than it is with 617 00:50:42,119 --> 00:50:45,239 today's power plants. I believe the answers to those questions are probably yes, 618 00:50:45,400 --> 00:50:51,000 I'm not one hundred percent you can't. That's my job. That's exactly my 619 00:50:51,199 --> 00:50:55,199 job. I know. I've talked to lots of people who do this as 620 00:50:55,239 --> 00:50:59,639 their jobs and have done nuclear and do research at some of the biggest nuclear 621 00:50:59,639 --> 00:51:02,320 fores of the in the world, and they would disagree with you. So 622 00:51:02,599 --> 00:51:06,760 you can. I would suggest to the listeners that that you go take a 623 00:51:06,760 --> 00:51:13,159 look at the actual research that's out there and conclusions it's corrupt, the engineering 624 00:51:13,280 --> 00:51:15,679 is corrupt. Well, so you are now in a conspiracy theory mode, 625 00:51:15,679 --> 00:51:21,480 accusing the people who have debated nuclear engineers multiple times, my friend on this, 626 00:51:22,000 --> 00:51:24,559 I have the research papers, all right, I have the calculations. 627 00:51:24,719 --> 00:51:28,119 Okay, Jim, thank you, goodbye for now, thank you yea. 628 00:51:29,960 --> 00:51:32,559 So we have just one minute left, and one of the questions I wanted 629 00:51:32,559 --> 00:51:37,519 to ask you, as far as I mentioned too earlier on, I said 630 00:51:37,719 --> 00:51:44,920 something along the line as we are NMSs extinction event right now because of the 631 00:51:45,000 --> 00:51:49,679 rate is so high for extinction, and once something's gone, it's gone. 632 00:51:51,000 --> 00:51:55,280 Do you think that's also global warming hess a part in that as well. 633 00:51:58,320 --> 00:52:02,360 So far global warming has played a relatively minor role in extinctions, but it 634 00:52:02,400 --> 00:52:07,920 could you know, most of the extinctions have been due to habitat destruction so 635 00:52:07,960 --> 00:52:10,840 far, the burning of the rainforests and things like that. But going forward 636 00:52:12,199 --> 00:52:15,280 global warming, one of the great fears with it is that it could lead 637 00:52:15,280 --> 00:52:22,679 to much more extinction because if climates migrate faster than trees can migrate, then 638 00:52:22,719 --> 00:52:27,119 you start to lose ecosystems and then you lose the animals that depend on them 639 00:52:27,440 --> 00:52:30,559 also. So that's actually one of the great fears with it is that it 640 00:52:30,559 --> 00:52:35,800 will lead to furthering of this extinction event that's going on. Wow, all 641 00:52:35,880 --> 00:52:37,719 right, Jeff, Well that's it for this part of the show. Thank 642 00:52:37,760 --> 00:52:40,440 you so much. It's been a real pleasure. Always fun to talk to 643 00:52:40,440 --> 00:52:44,360 you, Jeff. Thank you very much. I really appreciate it. All 644 00:52:44,440 --> 00:52:46,800 right, take care you two. All right, everyone, we're going to 645 00:52:46,920 --> 00:52:51,440 be going into a break and we'll be right back right after these messages. 646 00:52:52,000 --> 00:52:57,400 All right, welcome back, and this is a second hour of the show, 647 00:52:57,559 --> 00:53:01,280 and my guests this hour is Deep Persade and welcome to the show. 648 00:53:01,360 --> 00:53:07,519 Deep Thank you, and we're talking. We're talking to you in Canada, 649 00:53:07,599 --> 00:53:12,039 right Toronto, Yes, sir exactly. Did I read something that you were 650 00:53:12,280 --> 00:53:17,239 consider one time in the top twenty of people under twenty or something like that 651 00:53:17,280 --> 00:53:21,400 in Toronto or Yeah, Yeah, that's right, you got it. You 652 00:53:21,480 --> 00:53:30,280 got that acafee right. I believe it was twenty fourteen, So yeah, 653 00:53:30,320 --> 00:53:35,119 I was eighteen years old when I got it all right, and you've done 654 00:53:35,199 --> 00:53:38,320 a lot of work. Um, some have said you're a prodigy, But 655 00:53:38,360 --> 00:53:43,440 why don't you give your basic background if you would to the listener, who's 656 00:53:43,480 --> 00:53:47,280 who doesn't know anything about you? Basically? Okay, sure. So I've 657 00:53:47,280 --> 00:53:53,239 always been a fanatic of science from I don't know, since childhood, and 658 00:53:53,639 --> 00:54:00,360 that expressed itself in different ways in high school that I'm expressed itself through combetations 659 00:54:00,360 --> 00:54:04,480 and science fair and then in university I was kind of all over the place 660 00:54:04,559 --> 00:54:09,119 where um, I switched from electrical engineering to industrial engineering and moved from hardware 661 00:54:09,199 --> 00:54:15,679 to learning about computational math and m kind of just applying that to day to 662 00:54:15,760 --> 00:54:20,360 day life. And I found that intriguing and so UM I really developed a 663 00:54:20,400 --> 00:54:23,599 strong AI and slash blockchain background. So, for example, I took the 664 00:54:23,639 --> 00:54:31,440 first official blockchain like university credit blockchain course in Canada on blockchain and what pardon 665 00:54:31,480 --> 00:54:36,920 me, what is that exactly? So it's a very broad umbrella term at 666 00:54:36,920 --> 00:54:40,679 this point, but UM, think about it as I would say, a 667 00:54:40,840 --> 00:54:45,960 transition or an evolution of the Internet. So UM, in some extent, 668 00:54:46,719 --> 00:54:51,559 you know how the Internet kind of digitized our interactions with people and how we 669 00:54:51,599 --> 00:54:57,480 store information. Blockchain takes that and and you know, applies steroids to it. 670 00:54:59,119 --> 00:55:02,760 Yeah, we can go deeper into it. I'd be happy to Yeah. 671 00:55:02,880 --> 00:55:10,159 Yeah. And you've also gotten into quantum computing, which is which is 672 00:55:10,800 --> 00:55:17,119 really a and I think there's a I'm not sure exactly how many supercomputers there 673 00:55:17,159 --> 00:55:22,199 are right now? Is how many are I know they're building them all the 674 00:55:22,239 --> 00:55:28,639 time. And are there like three major supercomputers something like that. Yeah, 675 00:55:28,719 --> 00:55:32,239 Yeah, there's lots of exactly, there's lots of rankings of different supercomputers, 676 00:55:32,320 --> 00:55:37,800 and there's also different metrics. Usually we're interested in the number of flops, 677 00:55:37,960 --> 00:55:43,440 but there's other ways of measuring how good a computer is and how good a 678 00:55:43,440 --> 00:55:47,000 supercomputer is. UM. With that said, though, there's probably I would 679 00:55:47,039 --> 00:55:52,880 say thousands of what we would define as supercomputers, different groups around the world 680 00:55:52,000 --> 00:55:58,119 kind of competing, whether they're big private organizations like the ibms of the world, 681 00:55:58,639 --> 00:56:04,400 or straight up countries right like the US or Canada. Canada has UM 682 00:56:04,480 --> 00:56:10,039 I believe, shark net and some other yeah, like Canadian Central supercomputers. 683 00:56:10,599 --> 00:56:17,320 So that being said, there's a smaller number of quantum computers. UM I 684 00:56:17,360 --> 00:56:23,719 would say that there's probably easily less than a thousand, maybe a couple hundred, 685 00:56:23,800 --> 00:56:29,800 depending on how lenient you are with calling something a quantum computer. Well, 686 00:56:29,960 --> 00:56:32,960 um, what I meant when I said that three? Um, I 687 00:56:34,000 --> 00:56:37,639 think there's the top three, right, isn't there like the top three? 688 00:56:37,639 --> 00:56:42,320 There are competing against each other as far as being the top and you're talking 689 00:56:42,320 --> 00:56:47,000 about the flops or or whatever it is. Um, But these things can 690 00:56:47,079 --> 00:56:52,880 calculate something like close to a trillion. Oh can you kind of tilli as 691 00:56:52,880 --> 00:56:59,239 small? They can probably calculate more operations than that. If you just looked 692 00:56:59,280 --> 00:57:02,360 up you know, the most powerful supercomputers. It's always changing. I believe 693 00:57:04,559 --> 00:57:08,320 you can verify this. I think it China currently holds a lead for what 694 00:57:08,519 --> 00:57:13,960 that for what is worth I'm fairly certain about that. So yeah, and 695 00:57:14,320 --> 00:57:21,639 what type of calculations per second? So these are basic operations We're talking like 696 00:57:21,679 --> 00:57:27,239 addition, subtraction, division. Yeah, which is why I said that there's 697 00:57:27,239 --> 00:57:35,039 different kinds of metrics for calculating these operations and how well computer performs. For 698 00:57:35,079 --> 00:57:38,760 example, you have a complexity class, right, so you have different ways 699 00:57:38,760 --> 00:57:44,079 of measuring how complex the problem is, how hard it is to come to 700 00:57:44,199 --> 00:57:49,280 solution and how hard it is to check the solution. So that's another way 701 00:57:49,320 --> 00:57:54,039 of kind of measuring how good a computer can perform yea specific task. And 702 00:57:54,880 --> 00:58:00,840 they're not actually using binary or are they using binary? Yeah, these are 703 00:58:00,880 --> 00:58:02,559 all binary, the ones that I'm talking about, like China and everything is 704 00:58:02,559 --> 00:58:12,159 all binary. The here's the funny part. The metrics for comparing to quantum 705 00:58:12,159 --> 00:58:16,480 computers isn't as well defined. There's not necessarily any obvious way of comparing the 706 00:58:16,800 --> 00:58:22,559 like different quantum computers with classical computers and with each other. That being said, 707 00:58:22,559 --> 00:58:28,320 though, there are some bare minima and some you know, some results 708 00:58:28,360 --> 00:58:31,559 that we've all read on. For example, Google's quantum supremacy results. You 709 00:58:31,639 --> 00:58:37,480 might have heard about them. The news that's something that there's decent consensus on 710 00:58:37,760 --> 00:58:43,679 was that it is impressive. It is indeed the real deal. Wow. 711 00:58:43,800 --> 00:58:52,079 And so you're you're someone that's actually considered the UFO topic as well. I've 712 00:58:52,079 --> 00:58:53,760 seen a couple of things out there, and so what are your thoughts on 713 00:58:53,880 --> 00:59:00,599 that in general? Yeah, I believe that they represent that's the greatest mystery 714 00:59:00,639 --> 00:59:06,400 of our time, and I think that is pertinent that we figure out everything. 715 00:59:06,400 --> 00:59:10,000 We can about this topic knowing this is just my opinion, knowing that 716 00:59:10,039 --> 00:59:15,679 will ever figure everything out about it, just like with anything else in science. 717 00:59:15,679 --> 00:59:22,360 Yeah, yeah, certainly. One of the one of the the hang 718 00:59:22,480 --> 00:59:27,480 ups of any science really looking at it is that it's not something that's uh 719 00:59:28,360 --> 00:59:32,960 that you can replicate. It's it's it's random, it's it's not something that 720 00:59:34,079 --> 00:59:37,239 can be studied easily in any type of way. There are some people attempting 721 00:59:37,400 --> 00:59:43,719 to do that in different ways, but um, what do you think? 722 00:59:43,800 --> 00:59:47,119 Also? Um, I saw that you have an interest in meta materials? 723 00:59:47,119 --> 00:59:52,599 Have you? Um, have you looked into what people are stating out there, 724 00:59:53,440 --> 00:59:59,440 what they have found in crashes and things like that? Yes, yeah, 725 00:59:59,599 --> 01:00:05,320 great of research at this point into different claims by different parties. And 726 01:00:06,719 --> 01:00:09,360 yeah, what would you like to know specific? Is there anything have you 727 01:00:09,400 --> 01:00:15,199 specific? Have you actually actually had a look at any of the materials that 728 01:00:15,280 --> 01:00:21,159 people are claiming that? Yes? Oh really okay? And so how would 729 01:00:21,199 --> 01:00:27,199 you analyze something like that? What type of movement does it take? That's 730 01:00:27,239 --> 01:00:34,199 a great question. There's a wide variety of different instruments and you really have 731 01:00:34,360 --> 01:00:38,719 to what really what I found helped is knowing what kind of questions you you 732 01:00:38,800 --> 01:00:43,760 need to ask, and what kind of things you're looking for specifically. So 733 01:00:43,960 --> 01:00:46,679 let's say that somebody gives you a chunk of metal and it looks engineered, 734 01:00:47,280 --> 01:00:52,559 as an example, what do you do with it? The first steps is 735 01:00:52,559 --> 01:00:55,320 is to figure out are there anything you know interesting about the isotopes or the 736 01:00:55,320 --> 01:01:00,760 isotopic ratios. So you would go to different labs and you would get a 737 01:01:00,880 --> 01:01:04,480 spiss cross could be done, and there's a bunch of different instruments, different 738 01:01:04,480 --> 01:01:10,039 methods that will give you ideally similar results or similar enough within a varying error, 739 01:01:12,079 --> 01:01:16,599 within a acceptable margin RROR. So that being said, let's say that 740 01:01:16,679 --> 01:01:22,079 some of these results do end up being anomalous and the isotopes are weird. 741 01:01:22,599 --> 01:01:24,920 The next thing that you want to do is determine whether you have a meteorite 742 01:01:25,079 --> 01:01:30,280 or an actual artifact in your hand right, something that might be manufactured potentially 743 01:01:30,320 --> 01:01:35,320 off planet. And that makes a world of a difference. But that is 744 01:01:35,360 --> 01:01:39,880 like the Devil's and the details. Proving that something is engineered off planet is 745 01:01:39,920 --> 01:01:45,920 actually insanely hard. There's so, for example, let's say that I had 746 01:01:46,039 --> 01:01:50,840 this alloy, right, I put under scanning latron microscope and I see that. 747 01:01:50,920 --> 01:01:55,559 Okay, there's this continuous layering. There seems to be obvious manufacturing of 748 01:01:55,559 --> 01:02:02,559 this metal. Right, people could argue that this is a natural or b 749 01:02:04,400 --> 01:02:09,280 somebody took a meteorite and then they engineered, they attracted the medals from that 750 01:02:09,440 --> 01:02:14,280 meteorite, and then they engineered it into what you're seeing. So it wasn't 751 01:02:14,280 --> 01:02:16,559 actually built somewhere off planet. So you see where I'm going with that. 752 01:02:16,679 --> 01:02:22,079 So it's very non trivial to task. Yeah, and what would it take. 753 01:02:22,719 --> 01:02:28,400 What would you think that it would take for science to actually admit something 754 01:02:28,519 --> 01:02:36,440 was actually manufactured extraterrestrial. We would need something that is obvious technological function, 755 01:02:36,639 --> 01:02:42,880 something that for example, you know, imagine if you had something that resembled 756 01:02:43,000 --> 01:02:47,239 a advanced alien microchip. So that's a complete analogy. We would never write, 757 01:02:47,239 --> 01:02:51,920 we would never actually see an microchip like that. It would probably be 758 01:02:52,039 --> 01:02:59,000 completely yeah, alien to us. It just wouldn't be obvious. But if 759 01:02:59,039 --> 01:03:01,360 we found something that was like that, like that, that would be cool 760 01:03:01,480 --> 01:03:06,360 or like and imagine an anti gravity craft for a fully functioning craft, that's 761 01:03:06,400 --> 01:03:13,840 game over. So so you're saying, in an anti gravity, anti gravity 762 01:03:14,440 --> 01:03:17,679 craft itself that is that what you just said. Yeah, yeah, that 763 01:03:17,719 --> 01:03:22,440 would be like, uh, that would be the greatest scientific discovery of all 764 01:03:22,519 --> 01:03:30,519 time, right right? Um, what about the um if a metal? 765 01:03:30,920 --> 01:03:36,440 I guess what I'm getting at is what would it take. For instance, 766 01:03:36,480 --> 01:03:43,159 there's there's some meta materials right now being studied supposedly um that people have been 767 01:03:43,199 --> 01:03:49,360 talking about in the UFO field. And you mentioned okay, someone could actually 768 01:03:49,360 --> 01:03:54,880 fake something with a meteor metior righte um material and something like that. But 769 01:03:55,440 --> 01:04:01,880 um, is there going to be a point where someone would just have to 770 01:04:01,920 --> 01:04:10,159 say this has to be something made elsewhere by another intelligent species? You know. 771 01:04:10,199 --> 01:04:14,559 I mean, I guess what I'm getting at is what type of information 772 01:04:14,639 --> 01:04:19,000 would they need before they would actually it would be accepted by science? Okay, 773 01:04:19,199 --> 01:04:24,199 yeah, that's a fantastic question. Let's actually circle back to some of 774 01:04:24,199 --> 01:04:28,159 the things that I've done or and some of the things that I've seen. 775 01:04:28,320 --> 01:04:32,840 Right, one of the most common results you'll see are the scanning electron microscopes. 776 01:04:33,400 --> 01:04:38,360 Now, this will give you only a certain amount of detail, right. 777 01:04:38,440 --> 01:04:42,559 It does give you a lot of information, but it doesn't necessarily tell 778 01:04:42,599 --> 01:04:47,280 you the function of what you're looking at. So let's say that I took 779 01:04:47,320 --> 01:04:53,000 a chunk of my laptop and I gave it to you, and this is 780 01:04:53,039 --> 01:04:57,320 in the nineteen forties. You would still have to figure out right what function 781 01:04:57,480 --> 01:05:02,679 was this for, and it wouldn't be obvious. I think that your first 782 01:05:02,719 --> 01:05:05,639 guest, I don't think would be that it was part of a keyboard and 783 01:05:05,719 --> 01:05:10,519 it was part of this laptop. So so, but if you could do 784 01:05:10,599 --> 01:05:15,159 that, then now we're talking. So that's what it would take, is 785 01:05:15,199 --> 01:05:20,920 if you can identify using advanced scientific principles mixed with I guess, really good 786 01:05:20,960 --> 01:05:28,280 design engineering that people can accept and believe, and you can prove clearly that 787 01:05:28,320 --> 01:05:31,639 this is useful tech. Yeah, you're in the money, so it's not. 788 01:05:32,119 --> 01:05:34,079 I guess. What I'm trying to say, by the way, is 789 01:05:34,119 --> 01:05:41,719 that no mental materials alone would prove that they are you know, they're engineered 790 01:05:41,760 --> 01:05:46,400 off planet unless they could do something interesting. You mean they had an interesting 791 01:05:46,639 --> 01:05:53,920 function basically, yes, exactly. Yeah. You know people have said that 792 01:05:53,960 --> 01:06:00,760 there are implants that people who have been abducted have plants, and there was 793 01:06:00,159 --> 01:06:05,599 Roger lear Had, who is a podiatrist, actually had removed a number of 794 01:06:05,639 --> 01:06:11,440 these implants, and supposedly they're being stored somewhere, and you know, I've 795 01:06:11,480 --> 01:06:15,599 just wondered if that is the case, you know, why hasn't there been 796 01:06:15,639 --> 01:06:23,280 any study on that? Have you ever looked at that part of the field 797 01:06:23,280 --> 01:06:28,920 where people are claiming they're getting implants? I have, and I've actually, 798 01:06:29,000 --> 01:06:31,719 specifically, I think, looked at the claim that you're talking about. And 799 01:06:32,360 --> 01:06:36,800 I believe that at least as far as I think Creation seventeen was concerned, 800 01:06:38,039 --> 01:06:41,920 or you know, one of the patients that was actually a scientist themselves. 801 01:06:43,039 --> 01:06:47,880 One thing that we need to note is that they used Raman spectroscopy in order 802 01:06:47,920 --> 01:06:55,920 to determine if there were carbonanotubes present inside these quote alien transplants lected things that 803 01:06:55,960 --> 01:07:00,920 they thought. So the thing about Ramen spectroscopy is that you're looking at a 804 01:07:00,960 --> 01:07:06,000 graph and you're looking at specific bumps and absorption rates, and based on those 805 01:07:06,079 --> 01:07:13,599 absorption rates of where the element or the metal that you're interested in, you 806 01:07:13,639 --> 01:07:18,679 can infer with some probability whether there are carbon nanotubes inside of it, because 807 01:07:18,719 --> 01:07:24,079 they'll absorb a specific frequency and so that will show up. But that's not 808 01:07:24,320 --> 01:07:28,519 other things can do that. And also carbon nanotubes occur naturally in nature, 809 01:07:29,039 --> 01:07:32,199 so that was a big selling point, and I don't think it's good enough 810 01:07:32,199 --> 01:07:35,199 of a selling point. We can't even prove that there are carbon nanotubes, 811 01:07:35,239 --> 01:07:40,119 if you see what I'm saying, because like the spectroscopy alone and the Roman 812 01:07:40,159 --> 01:07:45,239 scoscopy is not good enough. That being said, there were interesting claims about 813 01:07:45,320 --> 01:07:54,840 these certain implants that have a radio wave frequency that they emit. So that's 814 01:07:54,880 --> 01:08:00,280 pretty interesting. That would be something that's worth probing, right right, well, 815 01:08:00,639 --> 01:08:06,239 it would be interesting, I know it doesn't to me. I thought, 816 01:08:06,280 --> 01:08:10,880 you know, this part of this part of it, as far as 817 01:08:10,920 --> 01:08:14,760 people looking into the meta materials and all that is interesting, but I thought 818 01:08:14,800 --> 01:08:19,039 it would be extremely difficult to actually pinpoint something down. But you made a 819 01:08:19,079 --> 01:08:26,119 really good point. The functionality part of it is is something that we you 820 01:08:26,119 --> 01:08:28,680 know, we wouldn't be able to do. If that was the case, 821 01:08:28,720 --> 01:08:31,439 then it would pretty much nail it. But I really don't have hope for 822 01:08:31,520 --> 01:08:36,600 what we have so far. Neither do I don't worry so frankly, like 823 01:08:36,680 --> 01:08:42,159 that was one of the awakening moments after all my investigation. I think a 824 01:08:42,199 --> 01:08:45,199 lot of you know, scientists and background might agree with me, but I'm 825 01:08:45,239 --> 01:08:49,720 not going to speak for them. Is that there's a lot of almost all 826 01:08:49,760 --> 01:08:55,119 of this is impossible to prove et life. Frankly, like I could, 827 01:08:55,359 --> 01:08:58,840 there's not a single sample out there that I could say that, yes, 828 01:08:58,920 --> 01:09:01,720 this is going to this is it, guys, this is disclosure. It's 829 01:09:01,760 --> 01:09:05,319 not it's no matter what how close you look at it, and it's not 830 01:09:05,439 --> 01:09:10,319 that there's nothing that's weird out there there is. It's just not good enough, 831 01:09:11,359 --> 01:09:16,520 right right. One of the things I know that you talk about or 832 01:09:16,680 --> 01:09:24,840 you have, like this hypothetical scenario that we may discover that we're quarantine by 833 01:09:24,920 --> 01:09:27,359 an intelligent species. Do you want to talk about that? I think that's 834 01:09:27,359 --> 01:09:31,840 pretty fascinating. Yeah. Sure. So one thing that I was just twaying 835 01:09:31,840 --> 01:09:36,199 with is the idea that, Okay, based on what Chris Mellan said in 836 01:09:36,279 --> 01:09:44,079 that recent article about how UAPs have become more brazen in their in their incursions, 837 01:09:44,159 --> 01:09:47,079 right, they're becoming more shameless and how they interact and more in our 838 01:09:47,119 --> 01:09:50,760 face. So what that means to me, I think is that they have 839 01:09:50,800 --> 01:09:55,680 no regard for our rules, no regard for our laws or any of that. 840 01:09:56,279 --> 01:09:59,640 So Tom DeLong is technically right in the sense that we don't have so 841 01:10:00,159 --> 01:10:03,199 d and to me, I think that it's not about politics. It's probably 842 01:10:03,239 --> 01:10:08,720 that we are quarantined. We probably are you know, forced to follow these 843 01:10:08,720 --> 01:10:12,560 set of rules. There's this you know, psychological wall over us. You 844 01:10:12,600 --> 01:10:15,880 could say that we don't see um. And so what I what I was 845 01:10:15,960 --> 01:10:19,079 wondering is that, let's say that we do find ourselves in this situation, 846 01:10:19,520 --> 01:10:27,800 how do we negotiate with a more intelligent civilization or intelligent beings who have determined 847 01:10:27,840 --> 01:10:31,720 that we're too dumb to uh, you know how complete sovereignty, Well, 848 01:10:31,760 --> 01:10:36,239 that we just don't deserve it. Yeah, well, um, I could 849 01:10:36,239 --> 01:10:42,399 see that case. I mean, you know, as standard Friedman would say, 850 01:10:42,439 --> 01:10:45,520 you know, we're we're involved in tribal warfare, you know, and 851 01:10:45,560 --> 01:10:51,159 that's that's and that's in a way primitive, you know. Um. But 852 01:10:53,439 --> 01:10:58,239 I also have talked about on this show that you know, um, it 853 01:10:58,359 --> 01:11:03,760 is the seating thing, the whole seating you know situation is uh is pretty 854 01:11:03,880 --> 01:11:09,000 an interesting theory as well. You know if that if that was the case, 855 01:11:09,520 --> 01:11:12,760 um, you know, if we're just a test you know, to 856 01:11:12,760 --> 01:11:18,600 to watch over. Um, And would that explain a lot of would you 857 01:11:18,680 --> 01:11:25,720 think that would explain a lot of what we see as UFO sightings in part 858 01:11:25,880 --> 01:11:32,039 Yeah, in part um, some of it I think is just carelessness. 859 01:11:32,039 --> 01:11:38,119 Like it could be species that just don't care about our existence. They don't 860 01:11:38,119 --> 01:11:42,039 care if they see us, they don't care if we collect evidence. But 861 01:11:42,239 --> 01:11:46,520 a lot are probably more careful. That's just my guests. Uh, Okay, 862 01:11:48,000 --> 01:11:55,079 what do you think is more important as far as an extraterrestrial intelligent society 863 01:11:55,159 --> 01:12:00,439 out there? Um? Culture or technology? Now? My last guest Jeff 864 01:12:00,439 --> 01:12:03,279 Bennett, he kind of talks about that, you know, getting through the 865 01:12:03,319 --> 01:12:08,800 bottleneck of technology without bloating, blowing ourselves up, you know, that type 866 01:12:08,840 --> 01:12:13,119 of thing. So what are your thoughts on that? Yeah, So my 867 01:12:13,199 --> 01:12:17,199 thoughts definitely kind of echo those as well. It's that culture, in a 868 01:12:17,279 --> 01:12:21,520 heartbeat, is more important than technology. Technology is something that we can eventually 869 01:12:23,359 --> 01:12:27,640 get to, and actually it's a question of if we can even get there 870 01:12:28,159 --> 01:12:30,359 right, Like, we need to be able to survive to a specific point 871 01:12:30,479 --> 01:12:34,479 in time, and that's dependent on our culture. And there's other things that 872 01:12:34,520 --> 01:12:40,239 are dependent on our culture that we don't see and maybe we haven't discovered yet. 873 01:12:40,600 --> 01:12:45,239 So if you think about it, consider this eventually the way that we're 874 01:12:45,359 --> 01:12:48,880 headed the Internet is a way of you know, transferring thought very fast. 875 01:12:49,000 --> 01:12:53,479 Right. It's something that we couldn't do even a hundred years ago. It 876 01:12:53,600 --> 01:12:58,720 was impossible. And so people influence each other really quickly, much faster than 877 01:12:58,760 --> 01:13:02,000 ever before. And there's meant much more of us. There's millions and billions 878 01:13:02,000 --> 01:13:06,399 of us that are connected to this almost hive mind like state right where you 879 01:13:06,439 --> 01:13:12,800 can't have an opinion other than that isn't formed by everything else you've already seen 880 01:13:13,039 --> 01:13:15,960 right on the internet or like. So, so if you extrapolate that, 881 01:13:16,079 --> 01:13:21,319 what I see is that eventually our culture will be super super connected. Even 882 01:13:21,439 --> 01:13:25,319 you know, there's neural link that's coming up, will be connected by the 883 01:13:25,359 --> 01:13:30,319 brain. We will become this potentially this hive mind state. Like I know, 884 01:13:30,319 --> 01:13:33,199 there's a lot of negative connotations, but realistically I think that'll that's what 885 01:13:33,279 --> 01:13:39,279 will happen. And when or if that happens, that's when culture matters even 886 01:13:39,359 --> 01:13:45,720 more, because now you have billions of minds with varying degrees of tolerance for 887 01:13:45,800 --> 01:13:48,560 each other's views and emotions, and you know, you can transfer the stuff 888 01:13:48,600 --> 01:13:51,920 faster, and so like, how do you manage that? And that kind 889 01:13:51,960 --> 01:13:56,880 of culture has to be super advanced, and at that point, I don't 890 01:13:56,880 --> 01:14:01,119 think it becomes culture necessarily becomes something more. So what is this? What 891 01:14:01,680 --> 01:14:05,800 do you mean exactly by you said something like a neurallink, Like we're linked 892 01:14:05,840 --> 01:14:10,600 to each other, our minds are Like so I was using neurallink as an 893 01:14:10,600 --> 01:14:15,520 Elon Musk example, because like Elon Musk is making the startup right, um, 894 01:14:15,199 --> 01:14:21,159 so, so he's making neurallink, which essentially is a brain to computer 895 01:14:21,239 --> 01:14:26,239 interface and it's right now. It's a bunch of electrodes that you can stick 896 01:14:26,279 --> 01:14:30,680 into your brain and listens to your brain cells, like your brain signals, 897 01:14:30,720 --> 01:14:33,960 and so you can in theory, once it's a little bit better, you 898 01:14:33,960 --> 01:14:39,159 would be able to control your keyboard or you could control you know, your 899 01:14:39,199 --> 01:14:45,159 mouse just by thinking because electrodes are implanted into your brain, and he wants 900 01:14:45,159 --> 01:14:49,520 to make it eventually kind of like lasic eye surgery, like very simple, 901 01:14:49,600 --> 01:14:55,199 like you get these implants and then you're good to go. I'm saying that 902 01:14:55,239 --> 01:14:59,479 we're going to go even farther than that. But yeah, neurallink is like 903 01:14:59,560 --> 01:15:03,720 clearly a step in that direction. Wow, And then there's a there's the 904 01:15:04,039 --> 01:15:10,399 singularity you hear about you know, which is just an advanced advancement of all 905 01:15:10,399 --> 01:15:14,520 that. Right, Yeah, you got it. So the singularity is more 906 01:15:14,600 --> 01:15:17,399 like the hive mind kind of structure that I was talking about, where, 907 01:15:18,000 --> 01:15:24,760 you know, kind of just joined as one m as it's big cyberkinetic being. 908 01:15:25,199 --> 01:15:29,159 Yeah, and um, you know, do you think eventually it will 909 01:15:29,199 --> 01:15:33,760 come down to the point where our brains could be downloaded into something and you 910 01:15:33,800 --> 01:15:38,600 know, we could live on a machine type of thing, you know, 911 01:15:38,640 --> 01:15:43,399 like science fiction out there. Yeah. I think it's uh, I think 912 01:15:43,439 --> 01:15:47,199 it's a transient step. It's not our end goal. There's other ways of 913 01:15:47,359 --> 01:15:54,399 storing who we are that will be Think about it this way. Matter is 914 01:15:54,520 --> 01:15:58,560 very weak, It's not it. Matter will die out. If this universe 915 01:15:58,680 --> 01:16:03,159 dies out, our information dies with it. So a sufficially advanced civilization, 916 01:16:03,239 --> 01:16:08,319 I think, would learn how to store itself across multiple realities. It would 917 01:16:08,359 --> 01:16:12,479 have redundant versions of itself. It would be a lot weirder than just being 918 01:16:12,800 --> 01:16:17,479 just a digital computer that stores its consciousness. Wow. Interesting, I think 919 01:16:17,479 --> 01:16:21,520 I'm going to start taking calls if someone would like to call in. That 920 01:16:21,560 --> 01:16:26,520 would actually help me on my end a little bit, just because I'm not 921 01:16:27,920 --> 01:16:30,640 like I say, I'm a little bit under the weather, and it wouldn't 922 01:16:30,680 --> 01:16:33,319 mind if someone would pitch in a couple of questions this way, so that 923 01:16:33,399 --> 01:16:39,119 numbers up on the line. It's eight five five four seven two five four 924 01:16:39,399 --> 01:16:43,800 eight three And what do you think of the until the callers call in? 925 01:16:44,239 --> 01:16:49,520 What do you think about the future of you quantum computing? Where can that 926 01:16:49,720 --> 01:16:55,239 lead? Where do you think that that can actually, I mean, can 927 01:16:55,239 --> 01:17:01,560 it get out of control? Like again like science fiction, technically everything can 928 01:17:01,920 --> 01:17:06,039 get out of control. So UM, I guess it's this question of what 929 01:17:06,119 --> 01:17:12,319 will I'm more afraid personally of nukes and the fact that people with basically a 930 01:17:12,319 --> 01:17:16,439 combination of buttons voice commands can launch a nuke. Yeah, so so so 931 01:17:16,520 --> 01:17:19,680 yeah. With that being said, though, um, I think that in 932 01:17:19,800 --> 01:17:25,319 terms of where the future of quantum competing is added, I think the future 933 01:17:25,359 --> 01:17:30,239 of quantum is photonicum. I mentioned this before as well, Like publicly, 934 01:17:31,359 --> 01:17:36,359 I do believe that photons is the best way of representing quantum information for the 935 01:17:36,399 --> 01:17:43,239 sake of computation as far as that's concerned um and naturally, I think our 936 01:17:43,800 --> 01:17:49,520 some of our quantum competing applications that are really interesting involve quantum gravity and trying 937 01:17:49,520 --> 01:17:55,119 to simulate quantum gravity in the lab, which is right now not possible. 938 01:17:56,039 --> 01:17:58,920 Can you explain that a little more? I don't. I don't quite understand. 939 01:17:59,359 --> 01:18:08,359 Quantum gravity is a field of theoretical physics that attempts to unify and unify 940 01:18:08,560 --> 01:18:15,520 the gravitational and quantum mechanical models of the universe and those interactions. So it 941 01:18:15,520 --> 01:18:24,119 looks at how does relativity play a role in the quantum world and vice versa. 942 01:18:24,359 --> 01:18:29,000 This is, of course, you can imagine so far impossible to do 943 01:18:29,319 --> 01:18:32,119 properly. No, no physicists, no branch of physics has managed it. 944 01:18:32,359 --> 01:18:38,079 But quantum gravity does a really good job. Like it's not perfect, but 945 01:18:38,239 --> 01:18:42,520 it's getting there, Okay. I was just looking on to see if we 946 01:18:42,520 --> 01:18:45,600 had any questions up on the on the message board. So the lines are 947 01:18:45,640 --> 01:18:51,319 open eight five five four seven two five four eight three. You're welcome to 948 01:18:51,319 --> 01:19:00,079 give our guests a call. Um So, yeah, the launch codes that 949 01:19:00,079 --> 01:19:02,640 that is that is kind of scary when you think of it. Um. 950 01:19:03,119 --> 01:19:08,800 There there are several ways of destroying ourselves, and the last guest you don't 951 01:19:08,840 --> 01:19:14,119 mentioned that we are possibly on that road right now with global warming or I'm 952 01:19:14,159 --> 01:19:17,439 sorry climate change. Uh you're not supposed to call a global warming, but 953 01:19:17,640 --> 01:19:23,279 anyway, UM, I don't know, you know, that's that's uh it 954 01:19:23,399 --> 01:19:30,399 seems like a possibility, but um, that is something that any culture is 955 01:19:30,439 --> 01:19:31,920 going to have to go through. And the last guest made a really good 956 01:19:31,920 --> 01:19:38,159 point of it that fossil fuels are very easy to um interact with and to 957 01:19:39,079 --> 01:19:43,399 use and you know, could cause you know a similar issue that we're having 958 01:19:44,079 --> 01:19:48,159 right now. And you know, yeah, I agree, and frankly, 959 01:19:48,359 --> 01:19:54,239 like when it comes down to it, fossil fuels and any known fuel source 960 01:19:54,319 --> 01:20:00,000 we have, they don't really have a good enough energy density compared to what 961 01:20:00,079 --> 01:20:04,479 we think is going on. When it comes to let's say the UAPs that 962 01:20:04,560 --> 01:20:15,399 we're observing, and and about the what we're observing, if you had to 963 01:20:15,800 --> 01:20:20,279 guess where they're coming from, would you think that they're extraterrestrial? Do you 964 01:20:20,319 --> 01:20:27,960 think that's a likelihood or do you have a question about where they're coming from? 965 01:20:28,119 --> 01:20:34,840 I mean that's the million dollar question, right. I think some of 966 01:20:34,840 --> 01:20:42,119 them are extraterrestrial, but basically all of them, or some or a lot 967 01:20:42,159 --> 01:20:46,760 of them are something that we don't have good enough words for yet ultratrastial doesn't 968 01:20:46,800 --> 01:20:51,479 count. Interdimensional isn't good enough. I think it's something that our physics and 969 01:20:51,560 --> 01:21:00,039 philosophy hasn't quite you know, encompassed just yet. And where do you think 970 01:21:00,039 --> 01:21:09,279 that will lead in the future. Yeah, good questions. So basically it 971 01:21:09,279 --> 01:21:15,159 comes out too on the physics side of things. We essentially need to understand 972 01:21:15,439 --> 01:21:20,399 how there are how different kinds of life forms may be able to live in 973 01:21:20,800 --> 01:21:28,399 higher dimensional higher spaceiful dimensions, for example, and whether that's possible. Because 974 01:21:29,000 --> 01:21:33,920 one thing that we're seeing almost time and time again is that the nature the 975 01:21:34,079 --> 01:21:42,479 encounters that we have happen anywhere, So they can happen in any state of 976 01:21:42,520 --> 01:21:45,279 mind that you're in, whether you're dreaming, no, you're on let's say 977 01:21:45,359 --> 01:21:51,960 DMT. Supposedly when you're on, when you can when you're completely wide awake, 978 01:21:53,079 --> 01:21:57,359 you can still have what's called an abduction experience, right like let's say 979 01:21:57,359 --> 01:22:04,000 Travis Walton. So all of these are examples of something that is able to 980 01:22:04,479 --> 01:22:11,840 exist everywhere, which is weird. And to me that means that it sounds 981 01:22:11,880 --> 01:22:17,640 like something that's spatially higher than us, because that's what I would think if 982 01:22:17,680 --> 01:22:23,800 I was in flatland and somebody put like their hand through my you know world, 983 01:22:23,920 --> 01:22:27,760 right, I would see five different points of the hand, but it's 984 01:22:27,800 --> 01:22:30,359 all connected to just one hand. But it would seem like they're all totally 985 01:22:31,000 --> 01:22:36,479 you know, different phenomena, so to speak. We have a caller. 986 01:22:36,640 --> 01:22:43,720 We have a Vince Vince again, Vince once again from Ohio. Martin. 987 01:22:44,319 --> 01:22:47,760 Hi, I'm sorry, I'm gonna I'm asking the easy questions, but I've 988 01:22:47,800 --> 01:22:53,399 wondered, what does your guests think. If he's familiar with the manipulations that 989 01:22:53,439 --> 01:22:56,640 we had with our nukes in the past, what does he think failed? 990 01:22:57,880 --> 01:23:01,760 Oh oh, you mean as far as UFO is a new Yes, have 991 01:23:01,880 --> 01:23:06,720 you ever looked into that topic? A deep yeah, certainly. I think 992 01:23:06,720 --> 01:23:11,520 that's an important question, right, because like, we're spending billions of dollars 993 01:23:11,520 --> 01:23:16,560 in the security of these ICBMs, and here you have these technologies that can 994 01:23:16,720 --> 01:23:21,880 hack it. But more importantly, I think the message is very clear we 995 01:23:21,960 --> 01:23:27,960 need to just stop playing with them. It's it's obvious that they don't want 996 01:23:28,000 --> 01:23:32,439 to bother talking to us, and therefore any kind of interaction with something that 997 01:23:32,520 --> 01:23:36,520 might be more intelligent than us is going to be important. So if they're 998 01:23:36,560 --> 01:23:42,960 just flying over and shutting down our nukes. Let's listen. Great, thank 999 01:23:43,000 --> 01:23:45,439 you, Yeah, no problem, Thanks for the question. Yeah, thanks 1000 01:23:45,439 --> 01:23:51,359 for the call. Yeah yeah. That's always been such a interesting part of 1001 01:23:51,399 --> 01:23:58,239 this whole phenomenon that that part of it. I think I mentioned Stan Freeman 1002 01:23:58,319 --> 01:24:00,960 earlier. He said the kids on the matches, you know, that's what 1003 01:24:01,479 --> 01:24:05,840 that's what he puts, you know, as far as the nukes go. 1004 01:24:06,359 --> 01:24:11,159 And I had heard about this, you know, before I really looked into 1005 01:24:11,199 --> 01:24:14,960 the UFO topic years ago. I had heard about, um, you know, 1006 01:24:15,079 --> 01:24:19,920 nukes and and UFOs over them, um, you know, back in 1007 01:24:19,960 --> 01:24:25,880 the nineteen nineties or something like that. We have another caller. I'm going 1008 01:24:25,920 --> 01:24:32,159 to take that in just a minute. And uh and so that number is 1009 01:24:32,239 --> 01:24:38,039 up on the screen eight five five four seven two five four eight three, 1010 01:24:38,119 --> 01:24:43,920 and we have Andy calling from Connecticut. Welcome to the show. Andy, 1011 01:24:44,000 --> 01:24:46,600 Hi, guys, thanks for taking my call. Sure. I wanted to 1012 01:24:46,640 --> 01:24:51,880 ask Deep great. So I wanted to ask Deep real quick if he thinks 1013 01:24:51,920 --> 01:25:00,000 that Moore's law, where computer speed is constantly increasing, if that will continue 1014 01:25:00,079 --> 01:25:04,319 you to be the case for the foreseeable future, or whether it'll outpace you 1015 01:25:04,359 --> 01:25:10,079 know, the traditional standard we've seen over the last few decades, or just 1016 01:25:10,119 --> 01:25:13,800 his thoughts on where that's all headed, and I'll take your answer off the 1017 01:25:13,840 --> 01:25:16,279 air. Thanks again, guys, good show, Thank you Andy. Yeah, 1018 01:25:16,319 --> 01:25:23,640 thanks so yeah. Essentially, I think Moore's law at this point is 1019 01:25:23,640 --> 01:25:30,079 telling us that there's almost no more ways to improve the current size of our 1020 01:25:30,119 --> 01:25:36,079 transistors, and therefore no more very little ways in dwindling ways of increasing your 1021 01:25:36,159 --> 01:25:43,760 compute power without spending lots of money and engineering just to increase it a little 1022 01:25:43,760 --> 01:25:48,039 bit. So, if you want to think of a practical example, consider 1023 01:25:48,159 --> 01:25:56,439 transistors that are that exists today. So we have transistors that are almost a 1024 01:25:56,479 --> 01:26:00,840 couple Adams big, and when you get to that scale, quantum effects start 1025 01:26:00,960 --> 01:26:05,640 dominating, and so you'll have these things like quantum tunneling that the electrons will 1026 01:26:05,720 --> 01:26:12,319 do that you don't have with bigger systems. But this quantum tunneling is something 1027 01:26:12,359 --> 01:26:17,039 that you don't want. So Moore's law is kind of at the end of 1028 01:26:17,079 --> 01:26:21,520 its tail, where we've pushed it to its limits, and now it's time 1029 01:26:21,560 --> 01:26:29,439 to look at different ways of compute. Because Moore's law was specifically for binary 1030 01:26:29,439 --> 01:26:35,640 classical computers and binary processing techniques are there going to be other types of processing, 1031 01:26:36,000 --> 01:26:41,319 do you think, is that basically what you're saying? Besides binary? 1032 01:26:41,479 --> 01:26:45,159 Now I mentioned that earlier, exactly exactly, there's already quantum, right, 1033 01:26:45,239 --> 01:26:49,359 Quantum is one example, and even within quantum there's different kinds of processing. 1034 01:26:49,560 --> 01:26:58,520 So there's cubits and then there's q modes. Cubits are superpositions of zero two 1035 01:26:58,600 --> 01:27:02,800 to the end states, whereas with few modes you have an infinite number of 1036 01:27:03,079 --> 01:27:08,199 possible states that one human can take on. So you have all these different 1037 01:27:08,199 --> 01:27:15,000 ways of representing information, even within quantum. And I feel eventually we'll go 1038 01:27:15,039 --> 01:27:16,840 beyond quantum as well. Right, we'll have a different model and that will 1039 01:27:17,119 --> 01:27:24,680 have its own compute paradigm. Yeah, which could almost be scary. Yeah. 1040 01:27:24,760 --> 01:27:28,720 Yeah. We have a bim calling from California. Welcome to the show, 1041 01:27:28,760 --> 01:27:35,680 Bim Hi Hi. I wanted to ask your guest, do you know 1042 01:27:35,760 --> 01:27:43,520 of Lee Smolan and his new theory of time? No? Wow, that 1043 01:27:43,640 --> 01:27:50,239 was a quick call theoretical physicist. Great, So what's his theory about? 1044 01:27:51,960 --> 01:27:57,039 Oh? He says, well, if you look at general relativity, you 1045 01:27:57,159 --> 01:28:02,079 know we live in spacetime, right, and he says that time the dimension 1046 01:28:02,119 --> 01:28:06,640 of time is the same as the other dimensions, is just that we perceive 1047 01:28:06,800 --> 01:28:15,239 time differently. And his name is Lee Smollen. He's been put in the 1048 01:28:15,279 --> 01:28:17,840 top five theoretical physics in the world. So I I, you know, 1049 01:28:17,880 --> 01:28:20,960 I assumed you might might have thought of him or might know of him. 1050 01:28:21,359 --> 01:28:28,079 But he says that we might have to throw out the scientific method because of 1051 01:28:28,079 --> 01:28:30,800 this, because things don't happen in order. You have to do the scientific 1052 01:28:30,920 --> 01:28:36,239 method in order, right, But if time is not as we perceive it, 1053 01:28:36,840 --> 01:28:43,039 then we have to throw out the scientific method. Even that's one of 1054 01:28:43,119 --> 01:28:47,279 his one of his statements, you know, I so, which I think, 1055 01:28:48,319 --> 01:28:51,399 Yeah, I mean, it's fantastic that you bring up that theory. 1056 01:28:51,840 --> 01:28:55,720 I'm always cautious when someone, no matter who it is, says that we 1057 01:28:55,720 --> 01:28:59,239 should throw away the scientific method, right. Like let's take for example, 1058 01:29:00,159 --> 01:29:05,000 so I'm not too much into relativity, Like, I'm not a relativists relativists, 1059 01:29:05,520 --> 01:29:09,640 I would say, more of a quantum physicists and quantum computing scientists. 1060 01:29:09,640 --> 01:29:15,279 So, and quantum experiments and quantum mechanics. We do have experiments where you 1061 01:29:15,359 --> 01:29:21,159 have let's say the quantum eraser experiment, where it's as if causality seems to 1062 01:29:21,199 --> 01:29:26,079 be broken in the way that we would normally expect it to. So you 1063 01:29:26,079 --> 01:29:31,199 can have information that somehow can seemingly travel backwards in time. And you could 1064 01:29:31,199 --> 01:29:34,880 say that this is breaking the scientific method or that it no longer applies. 1065 01:29:35,239 --> 01:29:41,359 But I think it just means that we need to get more creative. Okay, 1066 01:29:41,680 --> 01:29:44,760 that's interesting. Yeah, I'm trying to think of some of his other 1067 01:29:44,840 --> 01:29:51,520 quotes. Sure. Anyway, he says that he's trying to replace the general 1068 01:29:51,560 --> 01:29:57,720 relativity as Einstein replaced antony in physics. You know. He says that's how 1069 01:29:57,760 --> 01:30:01,239 big his theory is, his new theory time. It's that it's that gigantic, 1070 01:30:01,359 --> 01:30:04,680 you know. And I'm not too much up on quantum theory, I 1071 01:30:04,680 --> 01:30:13,279 don't know, but it's interesting. But I've done experiments in um consciousness and 1072 01:30:13,680 --> 01:30:17,239 UM, I've actually done it and experienced it. I've taught it to others 1073 01:30:17,359 --> 01:30:20,600 and they did it in front of me, so I've seen it. I'm 1074 01:30:20,880 --> 01:30:26,439 an engineer, so I've I use that method, you know, I've seen 1075 01:30:26,479 --> 01:30:30,479 it with my own eyes where I hate so and this this fits into the 1076 01:30:30,560 --> 01:30:36,079 whole ufology thing because UM and the native people too. Actually the indigenous people 1077 01:30:36,079 --> 01:30:41,600 of the world knew about these things. They knew about UM. They knew 1078 01:30:41,640 --> 01:30:46,920 that consciousness was not local, and they used that to survive. UM. 1079 01:30:46,960 --> 01:30:51,239 I study anthropology as well, and I've a lot of Native friends and so 1080 01:30:51,319 --> 01:30:57,159 on. I've learned some of their tricks and so on. And it's, 1081 01:30:57,439 --> 01:31:01,119 uh, it's a it's a different kind of knowledge. It's and it's it's 1082 01:31:01,159 --> 01:31:04,359 not scientific knowledge. I guess not now, it could be someday. But 1083 01:31:04,399 --> 01:31:12,920 the USSR did an amazing experience experiment where they were killing baby rabbits. I 1084 01:31:12,920 --> 01:31:15,800 wonder if you've ever heard of that. They found that when they killed when 1085 01:31:15,800 --> 01:31:20,960 they killed the baby rabbits, the mother rabbit responded at the same time. 1086 01:31:21,159 --> 01:31:26,760 So they took the baby rabbits into another room and they wired up the mother 1087 01:31:26,840 --> 01:31:31,079 rabbits brain and they got a signal when the baby rabbit was killed. So 1088 01:31:31,079 --> 01:31:34,960 they took the baby rabbits down in a submarine, down as deep as they 1089 01:31:34,960 --> 01:31:40,800 could go, and they killed the baby rabbits down there on a secret time 1090 01:31:41,000 --> 01:31:45,239 schedule, and up on the land where the mother rabbit was, her brain 1091 01:31:45,359 --> 01:31:50,720 responded at exactly the same time. They got the responses right, and so 1092 01:31:51,000 --> 01:31:57,239 what they were trying to do is to show that this connection between minds, 1093 01:31:57,399 --> 01:32:08,199 this communication between mind to mind, is not dependent on the electromagnetic spectrum. 1094 01:32:08,359 --> 01:32:15,319 That's why they took the baby rabbits down and the submarine to eliminate electromagnetic the 1095 01:32:15,520 --> 01:32:26,920 electromagnetic spectrum. So what they're showing is that there might be some other spectrum. 1096 01:32:27,159 --> 01:32:30,399 Is that possible other than the electromagnetic spectrum? I find humans are so 1097 01:32:30,479 --> 01:32:34,720 focused on the em spectrum, right, because her eyes are a mains sense. 1098 01:32:35,199 --> 01:32:42,239 But wouldn't that be interesting if what is the medium that carries the mind 1099 01:32:42,279 --> 01:32:45,520 to mind connection? As the question I ask, because I've done it many 1100 01:32:45,560 --> 01:32:48,399 times. I can communicate with wild animals and things like that. The native 1101 01:32:48,439 --> 01:32:54,479 people did this too, They knew all about this stuff, and so I've 1102 01:32:54,479 --> 01:32:57,760 demonstrated it to myself and to others, and I know other people who can 1103 01:32:57,760 --> 01:33:01,840 do these things as well. So the question becomes, how does this what 1104 01:33:02,239 --> 01:33:10,520 carries the mind to mind connections? That's the question I'm looking at. Yeah, 1105 01:33:10,560 --> 01:33:14,279 Well, when it comes to, let's say, anything to do with 1106 01:33:14,319 --> 01:33:16,960 consciousness, one thing that we should always do is make sure we define what 1107 01:33:16,960 --> 01:33:20,720 we mean by consciousness. Right. So for example, I could cheat and 1108 01:33:20,760 --> 01:33:27,159 say that my consciousness is everything in the universe, including myself, like there's 1109 01:33:27,159 --> 01:33:32,640 no separation. So then I define consciousness by saying i've by saying that it's 1110 01:33:32,680 --> 01:33:39,600 equivalent to defining the universe, and suddenly you're getting nowhere right. So one 1111 01:33:39,640 --> 01:33:44,880 thing though that I was that I wanted to say though about that rabbit experiment, 1112 01:33:45,000 --> 01:33:48,720 is that what Albert Einstein would say in this kind of situation is that 1113 01:33:49,000 --> 01:33:53,880 there's still hidden variables that you need to rule out. So let's say, 1114 01:33:54,079 --> 01:33:58,840 going back to the rabbit, I'm not saying this is possible, like there's 1115 01:33:58,920 --> 01:34:02,560 one hundred percent chance. It's just an example. The hidden variable in that 1116 01:34:02,640 --> 01:34:11,399 experiment would be that the rabbits over time learned English, and eventually they overheard, 1117 01:34:11,399 --> 01:34:15,319 because rabbits are good at hearing, they overheard the plan of killing her 1118 01:34:15,399 --> 01:34:20,640 children at a specific time. So at that time, the rabbit, knowing 1119 01:34:20,720 --> 01:34:25,560 English, having learned it internally, even you know what I mean, I 1120 01:34:25,840 --> 01:34:29,199 knew that it was time for her child to die, So it might not 1121 01:34:29,239 --> 01:34:34,880 be connected. I'm not saying that's like, yeah, their science was very 1122 01:34:34,880 --> 01:34:41,680 good. They used random number generators to generate the times for killing the baby, 1123 01:34:41,760 --> 01:34:45,800 rabbits and put them in an envelope. And you know it was very 1124 01:34:45,800 --> 01:34:51,880 well done, scrupulously done. Science too well, I just I just want 1125 01:34:51,920 --> 01:34:56,479 to say one thing. Who could kill baby rabbits for? Oh? Yeah, 1126 01:34:56,479 --> 01:35:00,640 I was just saying excibly dark Yeah yeah, anyway, yeah, I 1127 01:35:00,800 --> 01:35:05,319 don't care. All right, beat, thank you for the call. Yeah, 1128 01:35:05,520 --> 01:35:11,520 fascinated a discussion, all right. Interesting. So we had a question 1129 01:35:11,640 --> 01:35:15,920 in a in the chat room. M let's see, someone wanted to know 1130 01:35:15,399 --> 01:35:23,800 where quantum computers pull their data from. Okay, so I'm not sure what 1131 01:35:23,920 --> 01:35:27,479 they mean by that per se, Like, for example, you could have 1132 01:35:27,560 --> 01:35:31,000 like quantum ram q RAM, or you could have quantum processors. But if 1133 01:35:31,000 --> 01:35:38,960 you mean, but if you mean, how do you how do you leverage 1134 01:35:39,000 --> 01:35:43,119 quantum data? Like, for example, how is it even possible that we 1135 01:35:43,199 --> 01:35:49,520 can leverage quantum effects? That's possible when you specifically it depends on the physics 1136 01:35:49,520 --> 01:35:54,039 of your system, the hardware. So let's take for example, D waves 1137 01:35:54,640 --> 01:36:00,199 superconducting cubits. So you have these wires where you being them, you cool 1138 01:36:00,239 --> 01:36:04,800 them down to the point that they are super conducting based on a specific threshold 1139 01:36:04,840 --> 01:36:11,920 temperature. Usually it's a very very cold temperature. So we're talking about millie 1140 01:36:11,960 --> 01:36:16,920 Kelvin's, so like three, three or four thousands of a kelvin just above 1141 01:36:16,960 --> 01:36:25,039 absolute zero degrees. So in cases like that, the quantum information, the 1142 01:36:25,159 --> 01:36:29,680 quantum data, so to speak, that the quantum computer is pulling from. 1143 01:36:29,800 --> 01:36:35,119 You can say that's coming from the quantum state that you've now created because you're 1144 01:36:35,119 --> 01:36:43,319 in this superconducting state, and then because you applied these Joseph's injunctions and then 1145 01:36:43,359 --> 01:36:50,359 you poster with magnets to get your specific Yeah, overall quantum state. I 1146 01:36:50,439 --> 01:36:57,680 see. So as far as your interest in UFOs, we have about five 1147 01:36:57,720 --> 01:37:01,520 minutes left here. And as far as you're interest in UFOs, what part 1148 01:37:01,600 --> 01:37:09,079 of the subject are you looking into most have you actually done any research of 1149 01:37:09,199 --> 01:37:15,439 any cases in particular or is it just a general fascination. Yeah, both, 1150 01:37:15,560 --> 01:37:20,680 like general fascination. And I'm looking into the TikTok incident, right, 1151 01:37:20,760 --> 01:37:28,239 So for example, Yeah, with the TikTok, I'm going out to the 1152 01:37:29,079 --> 01:37:32,720 Catalina Islands with Kevin Day and doctor Kevin Knuth and some other guys. You're 1153 01:37:32,760 --> 01:37:36,920 part of that. I didn't even know that. Wow. So okay, 1154 01:37:36,960 --> 01:37:43,640 let's are about that. I'm the vice fastident of technology for the organization. 1155 01:37:44,239 --> 01:37:47,800 We're essentially another SETI, right, So we're an evolution of SETY. That's 1156 01:37:47,840 --> 01:37:54,840 how we're kind of framing ourselves. And my role will be to oversee the 1157 01:37:54,880 --> 01:38:00,640 technologies, either integrating ones that exist or developing new ones for detecting and tracking 1158 01:38:00,680 --> 01:38:08,359 these UAPs and creating different technologies you know, that are related to the UAP 1159 01:38:09,239 --> 01:38:13,920 topic. Interesting. Well, I'm glad you're a part of that. That's 1160 01:38:14,119 --> 01:38:17,800 that's fascinating. I don't know if you. A number of people have told 1161 01:38:17,800 --> 01:38:21,760 me to watch this video and I watched it recently, and basically it's a 1162 01:38:23,439 --> 01:38:27,439 guy, I think his last name is Murray, Michael Murray or something like 1163 01:38:27,439 --> 01:38:32,319 that, is claiming that he was an Air Force intelligence officer and that, 1164 01:38:32,800 --> 01:38:35,680 yeah, I watched some of it. He watched some of that, yeah, 1165 01:38:35,720 --> 01:38:41,600 and that it was basically the Air Force messing with the Navy UM And 1166 01:38:41,640 --> 01:38:44,760 I just I had sent that to Kevin and wanted to get his reaction, 1167 01:38:45,359 --> 01:38:51,319 and so what is the general consensus of that. I made a comment, 1168 01:38:51,439 --> 01:38:55,760 you know, I kind of thought there was a lot of red flags that 1169 01:38:55,800 --> 01:38:58,319 went up when I was watching that, and I wonder what your thoughts are 1170 01:38:59,159 --> 01:39:01,760 Yeah, yeah, I know, I'm in complete agreement. So the parts 1171 01:39:01,760 --> 01:39:05,520 that I listened to. The one thing that stood out to me is how 1172 01:39:05,600 --> 01:39:10,880 much faith he was putting into using the uf faux patents, you know, 1173 01:39:10,920 --> 01:39:15,319 those patterns. So he was saying, oh, yeah, so this is 1174 01:39:15,319 --> 01:39:20,199 how this works in it was completely superficial knowledge, Like he clearly didn't understand 1175 01:39:20,279 --> 01:39:25,239 what he was talking about, and that was a huge red fly to me 1176 01:39:25,279 --> 01:39:29,640 because he was using that to confidently debunk the tik tak. So I'm like, 1177 01:39:29,920 --> 01:39:31,800 all right, this guy doesn't know what he's talking about, or he 1178 01:39:31,880 --> 01:39:38,439 does, and he's purposely just trying to fool like the laziest percentage you know 1179 01:39:38,600 --> 01:39:43,079 people. So that was my but I just I just felt a vibe of 1180 01:39:43,119 --> 01:39:47,039 overall nefariousness for whatever reason. Yeah, well, there was some fast talking 1181 01:39:47,079 --> 01:39:51,319 and some technical talking and all that, but I wasn't. I wasn't. 1182 01:39:53,000 --> 01:39:58,079 I don't know. There was a lot of things that he said that made 1183 01:39:58,119 --> 01:40:04,960 me think that it wasn't too well to be taken seriously. And one of 1184 01:40:05,000 --> 01:40:10,319 the things, you know, when whenever he was asked about anything specific, 1185 01:40:10,359 --> 01:40:13,439 he's he acted like, oh, was classified, he can't talk about that, 1186 01:40:13,479 --> 01:40:15,560 But he could talk about everything else, you know, I mean, 1187 01:40:15,199 --> 01:40:19,239 so as soon as he got nailed down he uh. Anyway, I don't 1188 01:40:19,239 --> 01:40:25,159 know if the listeners have paid attention to that or not, but anyway, 1189 01:40:25,680 --> 01:40:30,840 Um, so, where when is that actually there? That's next November. 1190 01:40:30,239 --> 01:40:33,520 So you're leaving next November and it's going to be You're gonna be on a 1191 01:40:33,560 --> 01:40:39,920 boat right exactly? Yeah, for ten days. Wow, that's that's exciting. 1192 01:40:40,039 --> 01:40:42,640 I can't wait for that to happen. And I'm sure I'll have probably 1193 01:40:42,640 --> 01:40:47,079 have Kevin on um before that happens. Well, that's it for us tonight. 1194 01:40:47,119 --> 01:40:53,439 Thank you so much for joining us, and thanks for hanging in through 1195 01:40:53,479 --> 01:40:58,319 the extra break we had to do. But yeah, all right everyone, 1196 01:40:58,680 --> 01:41:02,239 So that's gonna be it for our show. Thank you so much for watching 1197 01:41:02,239 --> 01:41:06,079 and listening, and we will be back next week. I can't wait for 1198 01:41:06,119 --> 01:41:14,880 our guest next week, that is Bryce Zabel and he's always very interesting and 1199 01:41:15,039 --> 01:41:17,880 it should be a great show next week. So I want to thank everyone 1200 01:41:17,880 --> 01:41:21,800 else. I want to thank everyone that helps out with this show, and 1201 01:41:23,960 --> 01:41:28,119 again, we'll be back next week, and remember to keep your eyes to 1202 01:41:28,720 --> 01:42:02,279 the sky.