WEBVTT 1 00:00:04.400 --> 00:00:14.720 President Anderson, members of the Faculague Board of Trustees. Distinguished Guests by old 2 00:00:14.720 --> 00:00:19.519 colleague, Senator Bob Byrd, who has earned his degree for many years of 3 00:00:19.559 --> 00:00:25.000 attending night Law School while I am earning mine in the next thirty minutes. 4 00:00:25.239 --> 00:00:33.119 Distinguished guests, Ladies and gentlemen. It is with great pride that I participate 5 00:00:33.159 --> 00:00:39.719 in this ceremony of the American University, sponsored by the Methodist Church, founded 6 00:00:39.719 --> 00:00:46.439 by Bishop John Fletcher Hurst, and first opened by President Woodwell Wilson in nineteen 7 00:00:46.520 --> 00:00:53.119 fourteen. This is a young and growing university, but it has already fulfilled. 8 00:00:53.240 --> 00:01:00.799 Bishop Hearst enlightened hope for the study of history and public affairs being devoted 9 00:01:00.560 --> 00:01:07.280 to the making of history and to the conduct of the public's business. By 10 00:01:07.359 --> 00:01:14.200 consering this institution of higher learning for all who wish to learn, whatever their 11 00:01:14.239 --> 00:01:19.120 color or their creed. The Methodists of this area in the nation deserve the 12 00:01:19.239 --> 00:01:26.040 nation's thanks, and I commend all those who are today graduating. Professor Woodrow 13 00:01:26.079 --> 00:01:30.280 Wilson once said that every man set out from a university should be a man 14 00:01:30.319 --> 00:01:36.359 of his nation as well as a man of his time. And I'm confident 15 00:01:36.400 --> 00:01:42.799 that the men and women who carry the honor of graduating from this institution will 16 00:01:42.799 --> 00:01:49.200 continue to give from their lives, from their talents, a high measure of 17 00:01:49.239 --> 00:01:56.719 public service and public support. There are few earthly things more beautiful than a 18 00:01:56.840 --> 00:02:01.799 university, wrote John Maysfield and his tribute English universities, and his words are 19 00:02:01.840 --> 00:02:07.840 equally true today. He did not refer to towers or the campuses. He 20 00:02:07.919 --> 00:02:13.520 admired the splendid duty of a university because it was, he said, a 21 00:02:13.639 --> 00:02:19.800 place where those who hate ignorance may strive to know, where those who perceive 22 00:02:19.960 --> 00:02:25.319 truth they strive to make others see. I have therefore chosen this time and 23 00:02:25.439 --> 00:02:32.000 place to discuss a topic on which ignorance too often abounds and the truth too 24 00:02:32.080 --> 00:02:38.719 rarely perceived, And that is the most important topic on Earth. Peace. 25 00:02:38.840 --> 00:02:42.520 What kind of a peace do I mean? And what kind of a peace 26 00:02:42.560 --> 00:02:49.879 do we seek? Not to Pax Americana enforced on the world by American weapons 27 00:02:49.879 --> 00:02:54.400 of war, not the peace of the grave or the security of the slave. 28 00:02:55.800 --> 00:03:00.520 I am talking about genuine peace, kind of peace that makes life on 29 00:03:00.639 --> 00:03:07.039 earth worth living. They've the kind that enables men and nations to grow and 30 00:03:07.120 --> 00:03:12.439 the hope and build a better life for their children. Not merely peace for 31 00:03:12.520 --> 00:03:17.080 Americans, but peace for all men and women. Not merely peace in our 32 00:03:17.159 --> 00:03:23.759 time, but peace in all time. I speak of peace because of the 33 00:03:23.800 --> 00:03:30.599 new face of war. Total war makes no sense in an age where great 34 00:03:30.639 --> 00:03:40.120 powers can maintain large and relatively invulnerable nuclear forces and refuse to surrender without resort 35 00:03:40.199 --> 00:03:46.080 to those forces. It makes no sense in an age where a single nuclear 36 00:03:46.120 --> 00:03:54.479 weapon contains almost ten times the explosive force delivered by all the Allied air forces 37 00:03:55.280 --> 00:04:00.520 in the Second World War. It makes no sense in an age when the 38 00:04:00.560 --> 00:04:08.639 deadly poisons produced by a nuclear exchange would be carried by wind and water and 39 00:04:08.719 --> 00:04:15.360 soil and seed to the far corners of the globe and the generations yet unborn 40 00:04:15.800 --> 00:04:21.519 today. The expenditure of billions of dollars every year on weapons acquired for the 41 00:04:21.519 --> 00:04:27.199 purpose of making sure we never need them is essential to the keeping of peace. 42 00:04:28.439 --> 00:04:34.519 But surely the acquisition of such idle stockpiles, which can only destroy and 43 00:04:34.639 --> 00:04:41.839 never create, is not the only, much less the most efficient means of 44 00:04:41.879 --> 00:04:48.199 assuring peace. I speak of peace. Therefore, as the necessary rational end 45 00:04:48.639 --> 00:04:56.480 of rational men. I realize the pursuit of peace is not as dramatic as 46 00:04:56.560 --> 00:05:01.959 the pursuit of war, and frequently the words of pursuers fall on deaf ears. 47 00:05:02.680 --> 00:05:08.720 But we have no more urgent task. Some say that it is useless 48 00:05:08.759 --> 00:05:15.160 to speak of peace, or world law or world disharmonment, and that it 49 00:05:15.199 --> 00:05:20.839 will be useless until the leaders of the Soviet Union adopt a more enlightened attitude. 50 00:05:21.399 --> 00:05:25.720 I hope they do. I believe we can help them do it. 51 00:05:26.759 --> 00:05:31.639 But I also believe that we must re examine our own attitudes as individuals and 52 00:05:31.839 --> 00:05:38.399 as a nation. For our attitude is as essential as theirs, and every 53 00:05:38.439 --> 00:05:46.399 graduate of this school, every thoughtful citizen who despairs of war and wishes to 54 00:05:46.399 --> 00:05:53.399 bring peace, should begin by looking inward, by examining his own attitude towards 55 00:05:53.480 --> 00:05:58.800 the possibilities of peace, towards the Soviet Union, towards the course of the 56 00:05:58.800 --> 00:06:03.879 Cold War, and towards freedom and peace here at home. First, examine 57 00:06:03.879 --> 00:06:09.839 our attitude towards peace itself. Too many of us think it is impossible. 58 00:06:10.639 --> 00:06:15.319 Too many think it is unreal. But that is a dangerous, defetous belief. 59 00:06:16.439 --> 00:06:23.680 It leads to the conclusion that war is inevitable, that mankind is doomed 60 00:06:24.800 --> 00:06:30.160 that we are gripped by forces we cannot control. We need not accept that 61 00:06:30.319 --> 00:06:35.079 view. Our problems of man made. Therefore they can be solved by man, 62 00:06:36.199 --> 00:06:41.600 and man can be as big as he wants. No problem of human 63 00:06:41.639 --> 00:06:48.319 destiny is beyond human beings. Man's reason and stir it have often solved the 64 00:06:48.399 --> 00:06:54.600 seemingly unsolvable, and we believe they can do it again. I am not 65 00:06:54.759 --> 00:07:00.519 referring to the absolute, infinite concept of universal peace and goodwill of which some 66 00:07:00.759 --> 00:07:06.199 fantasies and fanatics dream. I do not deny the value of hopes and dreams, 67 00:07:06.959 --> 00:07:14.439 but we merely invite discouragement and incredulity by making that are only an immediate 68 00:07:14.480 --> 00:07:19.680 goal. Let us focus instead on a more practical, more attainable peace, 69 00:07:20.639 --> 00:07:26.800 based not on a sudden revolution in human nature, but on a gradual evolution 70 00:07:27.680 --> 00:07:33.720 in human institutions, on a series of concrete actions and effective agreements which are 71 00:07:33.759 --> 00:07:39.839 in the interests of all concerned. There is no single simple key to this 72 00:07:40.000 --> 00:07:46.600 piece, no grand or magic formula to be adopted by one or two powers. 73 00:07:46.000 --> 00:07:50.279 Genuine peace must be the product of many nations, the sum of many 74 00:07:50.319 --> 00:07:57.639 acts. It must be dynamic, not static, changing to meet the challenge 75 00:07:57.959 --> 00:08:03.800 of each new generation. For peace is a process, a way of solving 76 00:08:03.839 --> 00:08:09.120 problems. With such a peace, there will still be quarrels and conflicting interests, 77 00:08:09.959 --> 00:08:16.040 as there are within families and nations. World peace like community, peace 78 00:08:16.920 --> 00:08:20.639 does not require that each man love his neighbor. It requires only that they 79 00:08:20.680 --> 00:08:28.040 live together in mutual tolerance, submitting their disputes to a just and peaceful settlement. 80 00:08:30.000 --> 00:08:37.320 And history teaches us that enmity between nations, as between individuals, do 81 00:08:37.440 --> 00:08:43.879 not last forever. However fixed our likes and dislikes may seem, the tide 82 00:08:43.919 --> 00:08:52.159 of time and events will often bring surprising changes and the relations between nations and 83 00:08:52.279 --> 00:08:58.840 neighbors. So let us persevere. Peace need not be impractical and war needs 84 00:08:58.840 --> 00:09:03.679 not be inevitable. By defining our goal more clearly, by making it seem 85 00:09:03.720 --> 00:09:09.600 more manageable and less remote, we can help all people to see it, 86 00:09:09.240 --> 00:09:16.080 to draw hope from it, and to move irresistibly towards him. And Second 87 00:09:16.120 --> 00:09:20.639 that us re examine our attitude towards the Soviet Union. It is discouraging to 88 00:09:20.679 --> 00:09:28.039 think that their leaders may actually believe but their propagandist's right. It is discouraging 89 00:09:28.080 --> 00:09:35.360 to read a recent a foreignatant Soviet text on misary strategy and find on page 90 00:09:35.399 --> 00:09:43.440 after page wholly dateless and incredible claims, such is the allegation that American imperialist 91 00:09:43.519 --> 00:09:48.639 circles are preparing to unleash different types of war, that there is a very 92 00:09:48.679 --> 00:09:54.039 real strand of a preventive war being unleashed by American imperialists against the Soviet Union, 93 00:09:54.080 --> 00:10:00.240 and that the political aims that I quote are the American imperialists not to 94 00:10:00.360 --> 00:10:05.919 enslave economically and politically the European and other capitalist countries, and to achieve world 95 00:10:05.960 --> 00:10:13.120 domination by means of aggressive war. Truly, as it was written long ago, 96 00:10:13.320 --> 00:10:18.480 the wicked flee when no man pursueth Here. It is sad to read 97 00:10:18.600 --> 00:10:24.240 these Soviet statements to realize the extent of the gulf between us, but it 98 00:10:24.399 --> 00:10:31.399 is also a warning, a warning to the American people not to fall into 99 00:10:31.399 --> 00:10:35.240 the same trap as the Soviets, not to see only a distorted and desperate 100 00:10:35.360 --> 00:10:41.080 view of the other side, not to see conflict as inevitable, accommodation as 101 00:10:41.120 --> 00:10:50.120 impossible, and communication has nothing more than an exchange of threats. No government 102 00:10:50.200 --> 00:10:54.919 or social system is so evil that its people must be considered as lacking in 103 00:10:56.039 --> 00:11:03.559 virtue. As Americans, we find communism profoundly repugnant as the negation of personal 104 00:11:03.559 --> 00:11:09.320 freedom and dignity. But we can still hail the Russian people for their many 105 00:11:09.320 --> 00:11:15.519 achievements in science and stays, and economic and industrial growth, in culture, 106 00:11:16.039 --> 00:11:20.759 and acts of courage. Among the many traits the peoples of our two countries 107 00:11:20.799 --> 00:11:26.919 have in common, none is stronger than our mutual abhorrence of war, our 108 00:11:26.000 --> 00:11:31.080 most unique among the major world powers. We have never been at war with 109 00:11:31.159 --> 00:11:37.600 each other, and no nation in the history of battle ever suffered more than 110 00:11:37.600 --> 00:11:41.559 the Soviet Union. In the Second World War. At least twenty million lost 111 00:11:41.600 --> 00:11:48.399 their lives, Countless millions of homes and families were burned or sacked. A 112 00:11:48.559 --> 00:11:54.679 third of the nation's territory, including two thirds of its industrial base, was 113 00:11:54.679 --> 00:12:00.159 turned into a wasteland, and loss equivalent to the destruction of this country of 114 00:12:00.240 --> 00:12:05.519 Chicago today. Should total war ever break out again, no matter how r 115 00:12:05.639 --> 00:12:13.240 two countries will be the primary target, it is an ironic but accurate fact 116 00:12:13.879 --> 00:12:18.759 that the two strongest powers are the two in the most danger of devastation. 117 00:12:18.799 --> 00:12:24.679 All we have built all we have worked for would be destroyed in the first 118 00:12:24.679 --> 00:12:30.120 twenty four hours. And even in the Cold War, which brings burdens and 119 00:12:30.240 --> 00:12:37.000 dangers to so many countries, including this nation's closest allies, r two countries 120 00:12:37.039 --> 00:12:43.480 bear the heaviest burdens all We are both devoting massive sums of money to weapons 121 00:12:43.159 --> 00:12:50.200 that could be better devoted to combat ignorance, comedy, and disease. We 122 00:12:50.240 --> 00:12:56.320 are both caught up in a vicious and dangerous cycle, with suspicion on one 123 00:12:56.360 --> 00:13:01.039 side breeding suspicion on the other, and new weapons be getting counter weapons. 124 00:13:03.000 --> 00:13:07.799 In short, both the United States and its allies and the Soviet Union and 125 00:13:07.919 --> 00:13:13.799 it's allies have a mutually deep interest in a just and genuine peace and in 126 00:13:13.840 --> 00:13:20.440 holding the arms race. Agreements to this end are in the interests of the 127 00:13:20.440 --> 00:13:26.639 Soviet Union as well as ours, and even the most hostile nations can be 128 00:13:26.720 --> 00:13:33.440 relied upon to accept and keep those treaty obligations, and only those treaty obligations 129 00:13:33.000 --> 00:13:37.440 which are in their own interest. So let us not be blind to our 130 00:13:37.440 --> 00:13:45.120 differences, but let us also direct attention to our common interests and the means 131 00:13:45.159 --> 00:13:50.320 by which those differences can be resolved, and if we cannot end now our 132 00:13:50.360 --> 00:13:56.120 differences, at least we can help make the world safe for diversity. For 133 00:13:56.279 --> 00:14:01.159 in the final analysis, our most basic common length is that we all inhabit 134 00:14:01.600 --> 00:14:07.159 this small planet, We all breathe the same area, we all cherish our 135 00:14:07.240 --> 00:14:13.639 children's futures, and we are all mortal. Third, let us re examine 136 00:14:13.639 --> 00:14:18.519 our attitude towards the Cold War, remembering we're not engaged in a debate seeking 137 00:14:18.559 --> 00:14:24.000 to pile up debating points. We are not here distributing blame or pointing the 138 00:14:24.039 --> 00:14:28.519 finger of judgment. We must here with the world as it is, and 139 00:14:28.639 --> 00:14:33.679 not as it might have been had the history of the last eighteen years been 140 00:14:33.679 --> 00:14:39.080 different. We must therefore persevere in the search for peace, in the hope 141 00:14:39.080 --> 00:14:46.080 that constructive changes within the Communist block might bring within reach solutions which now seem 142 00:14:46.159 --> 00:14:52.440 beyond us. We must conduct our affairs in such a way that it becomes 143 00:14:52.440 --> 00:14:56.720 in the communist's interests to agree on a genuine peace, and above all, 144 00:14:58.480 --> 00:15:07.360 for defending our own vital interests. Lucy of powers must avert those confrontrations which 145 00:15:07.399 --> 00:15:13.480 bring an adversary to a choice of either a humiliating retreat or a nuclear war 146 00:15:15.679 --> 00:15:20.960 to adopt that kind of course in the nuclear age with the evidence only of 147 00:15:20.000 --> 00:15:26.799 the bankruptcy of our policy or of a collective death wish for the world. 148 00:15:26.519 --> 00:15:35.200 To secure these ends, America's weapons are non provocative, carefully controlled, designed 149 00:15:35.240 --> 00:15:41.120 to deter, and capable of selective use. Our military forces are committed to 150 00:15:41.159 --> 00:15:48.639 peace and disciplined in self restraint. Our diplomats are instructured to avoid unnecessary irridance 151 00:15:50.360 --> 00:15:56.240 and purely rhetorical hostility. For we can seek a relaxing of tensions without relaxing 152 00:15:56.279 --> 00:16:02.039 our God. And for our part, we do not need to use threats 153 00:16:02.440 --> 00:16:07.360 to prove we are resolute. We do not need to jam forar and broadcasts 154 00:16:07.159 --> 00:16:11.720 out of fear our faith will be eroded. We are unwilling to impose our 155 00:16:11.799 --> 00:16:18.720 system on any unwilling people, but we are willing and able to engage in 156 00:16:18.799 --> 00:16:23.799 peaceful competition with any people on earth. Meanwhile, we seek to strengthen the 157 00:16:23.919 --> 00:16:29.879 United Nations, to help solve its financial problems, to make it a more 158 00:16:29.919 --> 00:16:34.759 effective instrument for peace, to develop it into a genuine world security system, 159 00:16:34.799 --> 00:16:41.480 a system capable of resolving disputes on the basis of law, of ensuring the 160 00:16:41.519 --> 00:16:47.519 security of the lodge and the small and of creating conditions under which arms can 161 00:16:47.559 --> 00:16:52.919 finally be abolished. At the same time, we seek to keep peace inside 162 00:16:52.919 --> 00:16:57.120 the non communist world, where many nations, all of them are friends, 163 00:16:57.919 --> 00:17:03.919 are divided over His queues which we can rest in humity, which invite Communist 164 00:17:03.039 --> 00:17:08.440 intervention, always threaten to erupt in the war. Our efforts in West New 165 00:17:08.480 --> 00:17:14.279 Guinea, in the Congo, in the Middle East, and the Indian subcontinent 166 00:17:14.920 --> 00:17:21.000 have been persistent and patient, despite criticism from both sides. We have also 167 00:17:21.079 --> 00:17:26.039 tried to set an example for others by seeking to adjust small but significant differences 168 00:17:26.480 --> 00:17:33.039 with our own closest nighbors in Mexico and Canada. Speaking of other nations, 169 00:17:33.119 --> 00:17:37.480 I wish to make one point clear. We are bound to many nations by 170 00:17:37.519 --> 00:17:45.240 alliances. These alliances exist because our concern and theirs substantially overlap. Our commitment 171 00:17:45.319 --> 00:17:52.359 to defend Western Europe and West Berlin, for example, stands undiminished because of 172 00:17:52.400 --> 00:17:56.400 the identity of our vital interests. The United States will make no deal with 173 00:17:56.480 --> 00:18:03.119 the Soviet Union at the expense of our nations and other peoples, not merely 174 00:18:03.160 --> 00:18:08.279 because they are our partners, but also because their interest and ours converge. 175 00:18:08.519 --> 00:18:14.400 Our in trast converge, however, not only in defending the frontiers of freedom, 176 00:18:15.079 --> 00:18:18.759 but in pursuing the past of peace. It is our hope and the 177 00:18:18.799 --> 00:18:26.440 purpose of Allied policies to convince the Soviet Union that she too should let each 178 00:18:26.640 --> 00:18:33.240 nation choose its own future, so long as that choice does not interfere for 179 00:18:33.359 --> 00:18:38.880 the choices of others. The Communists drive to impose their political and economic system 180 00:18:38.960 --> 00:18:45.599 on others is the primary cause of world tension today. For there can be 181 00:18:45.680 --> 00:18:52.319 no doubt that if all nations could refrain from interfering in the self determination of 182 00:18:52.400 --> 00:18:56.759 others, the peace would be much more assured. This will require a new 183 00:18:56.759 --> 00:19:03.240 effort to achieve world law, a new context for world discussions. It will 184 00:19:03.279 --> 00:19:11.240 require increased understanding between the Soviets and ourselves. An increased understanding will require increased 185 00:19:11.240 --> 00:19:18.880 contact and communication. One step from this direction is the proposed arrangement for a 186 00:19:18.920 --> 00:19:26.599 direct line between Moscow and Washington, to avoid on each side the dangerous delays, 187 00:19:26.839 --> 00:19:32.440 misunderstandings, and misreadings of others actions which might occur at a time of 188 00:19:32.519 --> 00:19:37.079 crisis. We have also been talking in Geneva about our first step measures of 189 00:19:37.160 --> 00:19:42.599 armed controls, design to limit the intensity of the armed race and reduce the 190 00:19:42.680 --> 00:19:48.559 risk of accidental war. Our primary long range interest in Geneva, however, 191 00:19:49.359 --> 00:19:56.359 is general and complete disarmament design to take place by stages, permitting parallel political 192 00:19:56.359 --> 00:20:02.880 developments to build the new institutions peace which would take the place of arms. 193 00:20:03.519 --> 00:20:07.799 The pursuit of disarmament has been an effort of this government since the nineteen twenties. 194 00:20:08.599 --> 00:20:14.960 It has been urgently sought by the past three administrations, and, however 195 00:20:15.000 --> 00:20:19.920 dim the prospects are today, we intend to continue this effort, to continue 196 00:20:19.960 --> 00:20:26.119 it in order at all countries, including our own, can better grasp what 197 00:20:26.240 --> 00:20:33.720 the problems and the possibilities of disarmament are. The only major area of these 198 00:20:33.799 --> 00:20:38.599 negotiations where the end is in sight, yet where a fresh start is badly 199 00:20:38.680 --> 00:20:45.039 needed, is in a treaty to outlaw nuclear tests. The conclusion of such 200 00:20:45.079 --> 00:20:49.119 a treaty, so near and yet so far, would check the spiraling arms 201 00:20:49.200 --> 00:20:55.559 race in one of its most dangerous areas. It would place the nuclear powers 202 00:20:55.559 --> 00:20:59.960 in a position to deal more effectively with one of the greatest hazards which man 203 00:21:00.160 --> 00:21:06.680 fases. In nineteen sixty three the further spread of nuclear arms. It would 204 00:21:06.720 --> 00:21:11.640 increase our security, it would decrease the prospects of war. Surely this goal 205 00:21:12.480 --> 00:21:19.559 is sufficiently important to require our steady pursuit, yielding neither to the temptation to 206 00:21:19.640 --> 00:21:25.279 give up the whole effort, nor the temptation to give up our insistence on 207 00:21:25.480 --> 00:21:32.680 vital and responsible safeguards. I'm taking this opportunity therefore to announce two important decisions 208 00:21:32.720 --> 00:21:37.000 in this regard. First, Chairman Khrushars, Prime Minister Macmillan and I have 209 00:21:37.079 --> 00:21:44.720 agreed that high level discussions will shortly begin in Moscow, looking towards early agreement 210 00:21:45.279 --> 00:21:59.400 on a comprehensive test ban treaty. Our hope must be tempered, Our hopes 211 00:21:59.440 --> 00:22:03.359 must be tempt with the caution of history, but with our hopes for the 212 00:22:03.400 --> 00:22:10.079 hopes of all mankind. Second, to make clear our good faith and solemn 213 00:22:10.119 --> 00:22:15.960 convictions on this matter, I now declare that the United States does not propose 214 00:22:15.079 --> 00:22:21.640 to conduct nuclear tasks in the atmosphere. So long as other states do not 215 00:22:21.759 --> 00:22:33.000 do so, we will not. We will not be the first to resume. 216 00:22:33.039 --> 00:22:38.920 Such a declaration is no substitute for a formal binding treaty, but I 217 00:22:40.000 --> 00:22:42.880 hope it will help us achieve one. Nor would such a treaty be a 218 00:22:42.920 --> 00:22:48.119 substitute for disarmament, but I hope it will help us achieve it. Finally, 219 00:22:48.160 --> 00:22:52.920 my fellow Americans, let us examine our attitude towards peace and freedom here 220 00:22:52.960 --> 00:22:59.799 at home. The quality and spirit of our own society must justify and support 221 00:23:00.519 --> 00:23:04.359 our efforts abroad. We must show it in the dedication of our own lives, 222 00:23:06.160 --> 00:23:10.200 as many of you who are graduating today will have an opportunity to do 223 00:23:10.400 --> 00:23:15.480 by serving without pay in the Peace Corps abroad or in the proposed National Service 224 00:23:15.519 --> 00:23:21.960 Corps here at home. But wherever we are, we must all, in 225 00:23:22.000 --> 00:23:27.359 our daily lives live up to the age old faith that peace and freedom walk 226 00:23:27.440 --> 00:23:33.359 together. In too many of our cities today, the peace is not secure 227 00:23:33.200 --> 00:23:40.440 because freedom is incomplete. It is the responsibility of the executive branch at all 228 00:23:40.519 --> 00:23:45.519 levels of government, local, state, and nationals to provide and protect that 229 00:23:45.680 --> 00:23:52.480 freedom for all of our citizens by all means within our authority. It is 230 00:23:52.519 --> 00:23:59.440 the responsibility of the legislative branch at all levels wherever the authority is not now 231 00:23:59.480 --> 00:24:06.079 adequate, to make it adequate. And it is the responsibility of all citizens 232 00:24:06.119 --> 00:24:11.720 in all sections of this country to respect the rights of others and respect the 233 00:24:11.799 --> 00:24:22.480 law of the land. All this, all this is not unrelated to the 234 00:24:22.519 --> 00:24:27.519 world peace. When a man's way please the Lord, the scriptures tell us, 235 00:24:29.319 --> 00:24:33.079 he maketh even his enemies to be at peace with him. And is 236 00:24:33.119 --> 00:24:40.319 not peace in the lost analysis basically a matter of human rights. The right 237 00:24:40.359 --> 00:24:45.640 to live out our lives without fear of devastation, the right to breathe there 238 00:24:45.440 --> 00:24:51.799 as nature provided it, the right of future generations to a healthy existence. 239 00:24:52.039 --> 00:24:57.359 While we proceed to safe God our national interests, let us also safe God 240 00:24:57.559 --> 00:25:03.000 human interests, and the elimination of war in arms is clearly in the interests 241 00:25:03.200 --> 00:25:08.039 of both. No treaty, however much it may be, to the advantage 242 00:25:08.039 --> 00:25:15.920 of all, however tightly it may be worded, can provide absolute security against 243 00:25:15.960 --> 00:25:21.039 the risks of deception and of asion. But it can, if it is 244 00:25:21.079 --> 00:25:26.640 sufficiently effective in its enforcement, and it is sufficiently in the interest of its 245 00:25:26.640 --> 00:25:34.920 signers, offer far more security and far fewer risks than an unabated, uncontrolled, 246 00:25:36.720 --> 00:25:41.559 unpredictable arms race. The United States, as the world knows, will 247 00:25:41.599 --> 00:25:47.000 never start a war. We do not want a war. We do not 248 00:25:47.119 --> 00:25:52.680 now expect a war. This generation of Americans has already had enough, more 249 00:25:52.720 --> 00:26:07.039 than enough of war and hate and oppression. We shall be prepared if others 250 00:26:07.039 --> 00:26:12.079 wish it, we shall be alert to try to stop it. But we 251 00:26:12.119 --> 00:26:18.599 shall also do our part to build a world of peace, where the weak 252 00:26:18.680 --> 00:26:23.400 are safe and the strong adjuste. We are not helpless before that task, 253 00:26:25.440 --> 00:26:32.880 or hopeless of its success. Confident and unafraid. We must labor on not 254 00:26:33.039 --> 00:26:37.039 towards a strategy of annihilation, but towards the strategy of peace.