WEBVTT

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Thank you for listening to Depiction's Media
Radio. Welcome to Policy Rights to show

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about government policy and human rights.
Welcome back to Policy and right here in

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Depictions Media Radio, I'm your host, Michael Clogs. You know, everybody

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is talking about AI and how it's
going to change everything, and how it's

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scaring people and how it's going to
take over take over things. And in

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one of these next segments, we're
going to hear a question to answer to

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the ambassadors from the UK into the
United Nations as he talks about AI and

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what the true answer is to It
is about human beings inputting stuff into a

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computer. And the main feature of
AI or artificial intelligence is that it has

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the ability, because of the parameters
that we program into it, to function

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faster and come up with answers to
helping people a little bit quicker. And

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that is one of the things that
we need to remember is is that human

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input has to come first. And
when we're remembering that human input is first,

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that AI just becomes a tool to
helping us get to an answer a

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little bit quicker. So along with
that UM coming over with answers a little

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bit quicker. They we're going to
hear a brief segment of from Iran about

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their nuclear program and how the United
Nations and the rest of the world we

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all need to sit down and negotiate
with them so that they can proceed forward

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with their nuclear programs, so that
they can help power their country, and

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maybe the rest of the world needs
to focus a little bit less on will

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Iran come up with these weapons of
mass destruction and put a little trust into

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it so that we see the Iran
not going to just simply try to destroy

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the world with nuclear weapons, but
they're actually going to find humanitarian ways of

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using nuclear power to create a better
Iran irand it's that is friendlier and happier

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for us to have in the world. The physicists of Tehran are learned human

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beings. They come up with theories. Some of the basis of math and

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science and how we think about things
do originate from what was called Persia which

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is now Iran. So let's let's
listen to to today's show as we hear

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a little bit about AI and how
the United Kingdom is going to get results

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out of the UN Security Council,
and here a brief debate on Iran and

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their nuclear Program twenty fifteen. I
now give thought to Miss rosiment to college.

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Thank you, Madam President, for
the oportunity to brief the Council on

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the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action and
the implementation of Resolution twenty two thirty one.

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The conclusion of the Plan and its
endorsement by the Council eight years ago

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were the result of intensive negotiations to
achieve the common objectives of nuclear non proliferation

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and regional security in a manner that
delivers tangible economic benefits for the Iranian people.

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When I last brief the Council on
this issue in December twenty twenty two,

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all participants to the plan and the
United States had reaffirmed that a return

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to the full and effective implementation of
the plan was the only viable option to

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resolve the Iranian nuclear issue. Six
months later, negotiations to restore the plan

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remainstalled. Madam President, Diplomacy is
the only way to effectively address the Rani

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and nuclear issue. It is essential
that all parties renew the dialog as quickly

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as possible and reach an agreement on
the outstanding issues. In this context,

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I reiterate the Secretary General's appeal to
the United States to lift or waive its

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sanctions as outlined in the Plan,
and to extend waivers regarding the trade in

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oil with the Islamic Republic of Iran, and I echo his call on Iran

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to reverse the steps it has taken
that are not consistent with its nuclear related

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commitments under the Plan. It is
also important for Iran to address concerns raised

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by participants in the Plan and by
other member states in relation to Annex B

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of Resolution twenty two thirty one.
In a welcome development, in March of

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this year, the International Atomic Energy
Agency and Iran issued a joint statement to

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expedite the resolution about standing safeguard issues
and to allow the IAEA to implement further

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appropriate verification and monitoring and reporting activities. In its report of May twenty twenty

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three, the IAEA reported that,
in line with its joint statement, it

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had installed surveillance cameras at workshops where
centrifuge parts are manufactured. The agency added

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that it had no further questions regarding
the presence of high enriched uranium detected at

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one location. This encouraging step,
notwithstanding, we are alarmed that the agency

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remains unable to verify the stockpile of
enriched uranium in the country. It estimates

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that Iran now has a total enriched
uranian stockpile of more than twenty times the

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allowable amount under the JCPOWA includes increased
quantities of uranium enrich to twenty percent and

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sixty percent. Such a stockpile of
enriched uranium is of serious concern. Madame

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President I will now turn to the
restrictive measures set out in Annex B,

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as outlining in the Secretary General's fifteenth
Report on Resolution twenty two thirty one.

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First on nuclear related provisions, no
new proposals were submitted to the Procurement Channel

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in the last six months. The
Council, however, received ten notifications submitted

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pursuant to paragraph two of Annex B
for certain nuclear related activities consistent with the

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Plan. The renewal by the United
States of waivers with respect to certain nuclear

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non proliberation projects foreseen in the Plan
and their nuclear related provisions in Annex B

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for another one hundred and eighty day
period was an important step. Second,

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regarding the ballistic missile related provisions,
France, Germany, Iran, Israel,

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the Russian Federation and the United Kingdom
provided information to the Secretary General and the

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Council concerning a test flight of a
space launch vehicle conducted by Iran in March

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of this year. We also received
information from these same Member States about the

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testing and unveiling of two new ballistic
missiles by Iran in May and June,

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respectively. The letters received from Member
States continue to reflect by divergent views as

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to whether this launch and missile developments
are inconsistent with the resolution. Third,

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we examined information related to paragraph four
of Annex B. This paragraph pertains to

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the supply, sale, or transfer
to or from Iran of all items,

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materials, equipment, goods and technology
as set out in console document as Slash

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two thousand fifteen Slash five hundred forty
six, which require prior approval of the

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Council. It includes the list of
complete delivery systems and subsystems, as well

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as the associated components and equipment,
including ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, and

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other immanned aerial vehicle systems with the
range of three hundred kilometers or more.

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In the reporting period, we received
information from the United Kingdom about ballistic missile

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parts seized by the British Royal Navy
in February twenty twenty three in international waters

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in the Gulf of Iran. The
United Kingdom shared imagery of the seased components

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and its analysis that the components were
of Iranian origin and transferred in a manner

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inconsistent with Resolution twenty two thirty one. The permanent representatives of France, Germany

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and the United Kingdom conveyed their view
that some of the sea's components are controlled

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items listed in document as Slash two
thousand and fifteen Slash five hundred forty six,

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and that their transfer without prior approval
of the Council was therefore inconsistent with

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the resolution and their responses Iran and
the Russian Federation stated that there was no

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evidence linking the intercepted vessel and its
cargo to Iran and no clear indication that

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the siea's components were of Iranian origin. We continue to analyze the available information.

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We also received letters from Ukraine,
France, Germany, and the United

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Kingdom concerning alleged transfers of unmanned aerial
vehicles from Iran to the Russian Federation in

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a manner inconsistent with Paragraph four of
Annex B. The United Kingdom and Ukraine

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also provided photographs and their analysis of
the uaes recovered in Ukraine. The two

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countries assessed of the devices to be
of Iranian types shah had one thirty one

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shah had one thirty six a Mahajer
six, and that they were transferred by

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the Islamic Republic of Iran in a
manner inconsistent with Resolution twenty two thirty one.

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Their assessment was based on comparison with
debris of other UAV attacks in the

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Middle East and with imagery of Ryania
nuavis available via open sources. France,

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Germany, Ukraine, the United Kingdom
and the United States also reiterated their request

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for the Secretariat to examine the debris
of these uavies in Kiev or any other

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suitable location. In letters to the
Secretary General and President of the Security Council

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and in statements to the Council and
media. The permanent representatives of Iran in

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the Russian Federation disputed the imagery and
evidence provided by the United Kingdom and Ukraine

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of the UAVs, as well as
the claim by France, Germany, Ukraine

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and the United Kingdom that Iran had
transferred huavies to the Russian Federation in a

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manner inconsistent with Resolution twenty two thirty
run, noting that the accusations were not

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substantiated by evidence. The Secretariat continues
to examine the available information. The Secretary

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also received an invitation from the Government
of Yemen to examine the debris of a

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cruise missile used in attack by the
Huthies on the Al Daba oil terminal last

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November. The Secretary is still analyzing
the available information. Finally, the Secretary

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did not receive any official information alleging
actions inconsistent with the assets free used positions

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provisions of the Resolution. Madame President, eight years since the conclusion of the

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Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action in its
endorsement by the Council, we remain convinced

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the plan is the best available option
for ensuring exclusively peaceful nature of RAN's nuclear

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program, as well as for allowing
Iran to reach its full economic potential.

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In closing, I'd like to thank
her excellency, Miss Vanessa Frasier for her

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leadership as facilitator for Resolution twenty two
thirty one, as well as the coordinator

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of the Procurement Working Group of the
Joint Commission for our continued cooperation. All

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right, welcome everybody. Good afternoon
from the UK Mission. Thank you all

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very much for joining us. We're
delighted to have you for our presidency press

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conference. You will know this far
better than I do, so I'd be

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grateful if you could just let me
know by raising your hands if you want

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to ask the Ambassador question. I
know some of your names, not all

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of them, so please forgive me
if I just have to point to you.

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And if you're dialing in by WebEx, please let me know if you

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can if you want a question,
either by raising your hand on the screen

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or telling on your journalists colleagues that
I've forgotten about you, sir, so

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I don't leave you out. We'll
start with some opening remarks from the Ambassador

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and then we'll go into Q and
A. We'll hope to get around to

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all of your questions and make sure
that anything you want to know about our

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presidency we can provide information to help
you have a really productive month there at

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the UN. So Ambassador, without
further ado the floor with yours, thank

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you very much, Mungo, and
good afternoon every one. Thank you very

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much for coming. I know it's
the day before the fourth of July,

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so it's very good to see you
and thanks for your support for our work

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and the UN's work. As you
will know, this month, July,

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the UK assumes the presidency of the
Security Council. We always try to run

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efficient and open presidencies, and talking
to you and working with you as you

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do your important work is a priority
for me and my team. Let me

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start by outlining three framing remarks or
priorities for the month before I take your

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questions. The first is I'd like
to set this in the context of the

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speech in multilateralism that my Foreign Minister
gave last week, and in that speech

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he announced the UK's ambition to drive
forward reform of the multilateral system, and

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our presidency in July marks the first
step in that process. The key point

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I think to emphasize is that the
UK and the Foreign Secretary in particular,

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has listened very carefully to what our
friends and partners around the world have been

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telling us. We've heard and we
recognize that other countries concerns, that powerful

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countries are neglecting their responsibilities, and
we want to be an agent of progress

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to change that. Let's remember however, that multilateralism has worked well for the

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last eighty years. It's underpinned a
fortyfold increase in trade since nineteen fifty,

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it's delivered global vaccines for infectious diseases, and thus far prevented another World war,

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with fewer deaths in violent conflict since
its founding than any comparable period.

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But that doesn't mean it's perfect,
and it doesn't mean it will automatically survive

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for the next eighty years without reform. So our position is, as my

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Foreign secretary said, let's reform that
we may preserve. The five priorities that

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my Foreign Secretary laid out for that
are Security Council reform, reform of the

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international financial systems, trade, international
tax, debt, and technology. Let

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me unpack just a couple of those. On the first, reform of the

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UN Security Council, we want to
see expansion of the Council's permanent seats to

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include India, Brazil, Germany and
Japan and African representation. It's high time

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the Council entered the twenty twenties.
On the second, on technology, that

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brings me into also the question of
the Security Council addressing it threats to international

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peace and security in the future as
well as today, so on technology.

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During our presidency, we'll be bringing
artificial intelligence to the Security Council for the

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very first time with our signature event
this month. Many of you will know

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that as as humanity stands on the
precipice of this gigantic technological leap forward,

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we want to encourage a multilateral approach
to managing both the huge opportunities and the

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risks that artificial intelligence holds for all
of us, including its implications for international

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peace and security. As my Prime
Minister has said, no one country can

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do this alone. This is going
to take a global effort. So the

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UK's Foreign Secretary, James Cleverly,
will share a meeting of the Security Council

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on the eighteenth of July with briefings
from international AI experts and from the Secretary

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General. And that brings me on
to my third point, which is using

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the Security Council this month to address
the pressing issues of peace and security today.

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We do have a packed agenda and
I won't list everything, but let

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me just draw out a few highlights
first. It won't surprise you. On

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Ukraine, on the seventeenth of July, Foreign Secretary James cleverly will share the

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Council's regular briefing on Ukraine as Russia's
illegal invasion enters its seventeenth month. We've

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said it several times in the Council, but Russia's invasion is clearly also a

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calculated assault on the UN Charter and
the values and principles it stands for.

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Russia's invasion poses the most immediate threat
to what the UN stands for, an

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international order where disagreements are settled peacefully
with diplomacy, not death and destruction,

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where might does not equal right.
So we'll use our presidency to ensure the

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truth is heard about Russia's war crimes. Once again urge Russia to end the

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war so Ukraine can return to peace
and start to rebuild. And let me

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be clear here, the UK wants
peace. Ukraine wants peace. We support

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all efforts by our friends and partners
around the world towards peace, but the

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only one with the power to end
the war tomorrow is President Putin, and

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until then we will proudly and rightly
support Ukraine to defend itself against Russia's unprovoked

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invasion. Many of you have seen
that in the past seventeen months. Russia

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has sought to abuse its position on
the Council to legitimize the war and disrupt

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Council activity as a distraction. So
as President of the Council, we will

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consult closely with Council members to ensure
the Council's time is u productively. A

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second pressing issue of today, of
course, is conflict related sexual violence,

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and this will be the subject of
our second signature event, our ministerial level

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open debate. We've talked a lot
about it, and you know that sexual

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violence has been recognized as an international
war crime for over a hundred years.

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Yet we've seen this appalling crime repeatedly
in recent conflicts, including in Myanmar,

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in Syria, in the DRC and
now in Ukraine by Russian forces. So

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the debate that we will host will
focus on the need for better implementation of

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Security Council resolutions to prevent this from
happening. It will be chaired by the

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UK's Special Envoy for Preventing Sexual Violence
in Conflict, Lord Akhmed A Member States

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will hear from a mean mar women, human rights defender and conflict related sexual

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violence survivor, and we'll take this
approach throughout the month, inviting members of

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civil society to brief the Council every
week in the spirit of transparency, democracy

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and openness, including on children in
armed conflict, post conflict, reconstruction in

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Columbia, and the conflicts in Haiti
and Syria. And we hope that the

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powerful testimonies of those for whom these
crises are a daily reality will inspire cooperation

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and conviction across the Council. The
third pressing issue that we will talk about

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indeed this Friday is the question of
cross border humanitarian aid to Syria. As

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some of you know, last month, I went to visit the border myself.

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I saw the overwhelming level of humanitarian
need and that is of course since

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the earthquake in February, it has
intensified. And the last discussion, the

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last resolution on this was in January
in the Council and I heard from the

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UN, I heard from civil society, I heard from local government. All

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of them had the same message.
They need predictable, long term access across

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this border crossing to deliver humanitarian aid. I think the Council has a duty

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to do the right thing, to
open more border crossings for longer periods of

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time, and to be frank,
if it were up to us alone,

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this would mean at least three border
crossings for at least twelve months. I

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think the important thing to remember here
is this is not and should not be

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a political bargaining chip. This is
simply about humanitarian aid access and aid access

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alone, So that will be the
debate that we have on Friday. We

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will also this week look at the
latest report on Children in Armed Conflict,

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which came from Virginia Gamber's office.
Very important annual debate in the Council,

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and most of you will have noticed
for the first time that the Russians are

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listed as a country of concern in
this report, alongside terrorist organizations such as

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al Shabab. The first time a
permanent member of the Security Council has been

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so listed for children abusing children in
armed conflict. Finally, we have been

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following events in Janine over the weekend
very closely. Of course, we will

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want to respond to any requests from
Council members for further discussion on this and

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indeed on any other subject, so
I won't cover that just now, but

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just to let you know that it
is the radar in case any Council member

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requests a discussion. There's a lot
of other events discussions in our program and

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we can come to those, I
think in our Q and A. But

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as you can see, it's going
to be a busy month and I'm now

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very happy to take any questions from
you that will help you understand our planning

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better. Thank you very much.
Back to you, Monky, Thank you,

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Ambassador Answer. The first question goes
to Valeria. Thank you, thank

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you so much, and thank you
Ambassador Bialf of the United Nations Correspondent Association

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for this press conference that we wish
you the best of luck for a Demanda

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head. Valeria Rebecco from Answer News
Agency. My question is on the Black

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Siagraine initiative. Things doesn't look like
very promising. So how confident or how

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awful you are that India end the
consensus can be reached for an extension of

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the deal. Thank you so much, Thank you, Valeria, and thank

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you for the work that you do. Yes, the Black Sea Grain initiative,

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of course expires on the eighteenth of
July, so that will be just

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a day after we have our debate
on Ukraine. The initiative has clearly been

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incredibly important in terms of getting grain
to countries that need it, to people

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that need it, and more than
fifty percent of the grain have, of

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course, has gone to middle and
developing country Middle income and developing countries.

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More importantly, the Black Sea Grain
Initiative has held the price of grain down

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from the peak it reached in March
twenty twenty two, and we very much

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want to see it continue for those
reasons, but at the moment, I

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think it's being held hostage frankly by
the Russians on the grounds of an ammonia

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pipeline deal and so on. But
the key point I think is that every

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time we come to these points of
renewal with the grain initiative, Russia plays

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brinkmanship. It's playing brinkmanship with the
food on people's tables around the world,

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and when they threaten not to renew
the initiative, the price of grain spikes,

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which has an immediate impact. And
the other thing they do, of

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course is slow roll the inspection of
ships going through. So we're now down

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from just over four million metric tons
of grain being cleared a month to around

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one point two million metric tons of
grain months. So already we're seeing the

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Russians playing brinkmanship with grain on people's
tables. I'm not confident about renewal.

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I don't know how this is factoring
into Russia's calculations, but I know that

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the UN is doing all it can
and we will do all we can.

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And we've already worked very closely with
the City of London to enable a very

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complex payment system for grain in order
to make it work and continue to get

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food on people's tables. Thank you
handy, Thank you so much them.

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Ambassador. My name is Abdul Hamids. I am from the Arabic daily Alcutzel

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Arabi that is based in London.
You just mentioned Janine. Janina has has

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been now subject to a major aggression
by Israel. Palestinians were killed, fifty

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were wounded, buildings were attacked,
a hospital was also attacked. So your

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your country's position. Keep talking about
the two states solution and the right of

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Israel to defend itself. So do
you believe the choice or the option of

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a two states solution is still viable, passable, attainable for real And the

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second if Israel has the right to
defend itself as the most one of the

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most sophisticated armies in the world,
not only in the Middle East. Does

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this right apply to the Palestinians as
people under occupation? Do they have the

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right to is this occupation? Thank
you very much. Thank you very much

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for your question. And we've been
following the events in Janine over the weekend

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and the first thing to say is
that I want to express my condolences to

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those who have been killed, and
I don't think we have a final tally,

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and send my best wishes to those
who have been injured in the fighting.

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I think to your key question,
yes, we still believe that a

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two state solution is the best way
forward for the two countries to live together,

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based on the nineteen sixty seven guidelines. But it is right as you

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say, every country has a right
to self defense, but that right has

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to be exercised in line with international
law and international humanitarian law, and that's

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the most important principle here to underline. Thank you, Messa. We'll go

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to ed next. Thank you very
much. Mary. Remember asset up a

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follow up on first on your artificial
intelligence meeting. Um, could you give

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us some more details and background on
how the UK sees the two sides of

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this issue. Who the speakers might
be and the summit that we know that

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the UK is planning sometime in the
fall. My question is about haiti UM,

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what's what's what is the Security Council
going to do, especially in light

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of the Secretary General's just concluded visit
and his statement that UM immediate help is

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needed. Is the Security Council going
to consider a new resolution? Thank you,

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thanks very much, Edy for those
two questions. So we're very excited

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about the first ever Security Council discussion
of AI, and I think it won't

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surprise you to know that when you
think about the positive the possible benefits,

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you look at the way in which
AI could support in development. It could

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support in humanitarian aid, it could
support in peacekeeping, it could support in

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conflict prevention when you look at the
way in which it can collect and analyze

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data, so there's enormous potential there. It could potentially help us close the

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gap between developing countries and developed countries. If you think in development alone,

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the UM produces about six thousand pages
of documentation. If you're a small mission

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here in New York, having AI
to help you sift through that could actually

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help you pinpoint on the key things
that are relevant for you and take a

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view. So there is enormous potential
for AI, and I know some missions

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are already playing with it an experiment, putting with it and benefiting from it.

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So the benefit side is huge,
but there's a risk side too,

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and it doesn't take too much to
imagine, for example, what would happen

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if AI was unregulated in autonomous weapons, for example, or what would happen

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if AI was put in control of
nuclear weapons. So those are the sort

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of security questions that I think we
need to look at, but we don't

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want to. We don't want to
throw away the benefits just because of the

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risk, So we want to have
a pretty wide ranging discussion. We're in

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the process of tying down the speakers
that we will have, but as I

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say, my Foreign Secretary will lead
the discussion and what we hope is that

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this will be the trigger for more
discussions and then we'll take those through to

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the summit in the UK. And
I don't have a date for that just

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yet. We're working on that.
It's a very fast moving situation, this

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hell AI thing, but it's a
subject of great interest to my Prime Minister.

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I saw my Foreign Secretary when I
was back in London. We talked

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about it then as well. But
I think the point is that it speaks

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to the heart of what my Foreign
Secretary said last week that this is something

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that we cannot do alone. This
has to be a global solution, and

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that's why we want to bring it
to the Security Council, bring it to

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the UN and then have a convening
session in London where we'll be able to

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have a truly global, multilateral discussion
about it. On Haiti, yes,

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I mean it's now more than two
years since President moys was assassinated and there's

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been no, of course, investigation
of that, and since then the gang

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violence in Haiti has intensified, and
we followed the Secretary General's visit there very

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closely. He's gone on, I
think to the Caricom meeting and we very

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much welcome the work that's been going
on in Carricom, and we will have

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a session on Haiti during our presidency
to discuss developments there and whether it's possible

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for a way to find to tackle
the gang violence. The Secretary General,

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i know, is called for a
sort of security support for Haitian that would

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be a possible way forward. So
I don't know what will come out of

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our meeting, but we do have
a meeting scheduled in our presidency. Thanks

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00:35:15.760 --> 00:35:22.400
God in Michelle. Next, thanks
ambassador. Just a couple of follow ups

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really. First of all, in
the Ukraine grain deal, Russia is now

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offering free grain for Africa and other
other countries that are developing countries. What

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are you hearing from those developing countries? Who are the ones who were hurt

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the most last time round with the
rising prices, which this deal obviously helped

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tap them down a little bit.
What are you hearing from them? Do

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they want to Are they telling you
that they want the deal to continue?

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Are you encouraging them to tell Russia
that? Just whatever you're hearing on that?

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And then on Haiti last year,
the US were saying that they would

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do a resolution on an international force
once the international force had been established.

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But it sounds like the Secretary General
now after his visit, is saying it

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should be the other way around,
and that should be a resolution first and

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then hopefully I guess of force comes
second. What do you think about that?

360
00:36:27.440 --> 00:36:31.719
Thanks? So On Russian grain.
To be honest, I'm a bit

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skeptical, and I'm skeptical for two
reasons. What we've seen with Russian exports

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of grain and fertilized are the ones
that go out of Novorosisk, is that

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it's easiest for large countries to do
this because we're seeing increasingly a state to

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state contract model and an old Soviet
trading model effectively, and small countries in

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Africa, particularly small developing countries,
find this monopoly impossible to break into because

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they either need smaller amounts of grain
or they need smaller amounts of ammonia to

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mix with to make fertilizer. So
this I don't take that promise at face

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value at all. I'm afraid this
is just old state to state trading trying

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to evade the market. So that
doesn't help at all. And I would

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put that in the context of the
wider point about Russian humanitarian aid, and

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Russia's humanitarian donation to the whole of
the UN last year was ten million US

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dollars, and we all heard President
Putin say that he was bankrolling Wagner to

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the tune of two billion dollars last
year. So Russia's humanitarian aid doesn't just

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doesn't stack up. Thanks, Oh
sorry on Haiti. Yes, So what

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we are doing in our Council session, which will be on now I've got

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the program out, I can tell
you sixth is we're negotiating renewal of the

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mandate for the UN Force in Haiti. And I've heard this inversion question about

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whether which comes first, the mandate
or the force or the force or the

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00:38:12.559 --> 00:38:16.599
mandate. The point is we need
to get We need to get a mandate

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that can be delivered, so I
don't think it mattered. We need to

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know that we can actually deliver the
mandate. There's no point setting out a

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line in the stand so I think
we will want to look at what the

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renewal can cover. But that's a
very live negotiation and that comes up on

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the thirteenth of July. So are
you suggesting that in the renewal of being

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new there could be a line about
an international force rather than a separate resolution

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00:38:45.280 --> 00:38:49.239
just on an international force, because
I've got the impression that's what the US

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were suggesting last year. Yes,
I think I think that might have been

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what they were suggesting last year.
But another way around it would be as

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we renew the mandate, to look
at adjusting it to take account of the

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situation and what's feasible. Yeah,
but it's a live negotiation, so I

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00:39:04.719 --> 00:39:08.320
haven't got that yet. We're going
dada. And then James, thank you,

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00:39:08.320 --> 00:39:14.079
ambassador. Two very quick questions.
First, on the AI debate,

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the Secretary General had kind of thrown
out this idea of having a regulatory body

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like the IAEA. Do you think
something like that, given how fast paced

395
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AI changes, how powerful it's becoming, would be good rather than a framework.

396
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And then you had mentioned that Janine
is on the radar in case any

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country requests and meeting. Have you
heard any kind of whispers about a country

398
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wanting to put that on the engene
done the coming days? Thank you.

399
00:39:39.960 --> 00:39:49.119
So I think you're all we're all
looking for the most effective way to regulate

400
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AI and to allow it to flourish. And you put your finger on the

401
00:39:52.760 --> 00:39:57.760
problem exactly that it is probably the
most fast moving thing we've ever tried to

402
00:39:57.800 --> 00:40:04.039
look at so previous we can't cookie
cutter as it were previous regulatory mechanisms.

403
00:40:04.039 --> 00:40:08.360
You think about the MPT or something
with nuclear technology. So I think it's

404
00:40:08.400 --> 00:40:14.719
worth looking at the way in which
the UN and other international bodies have regulated

405
00:40:14.760 --> 00:40:16.239
different things in the past. There
may be things we can draw from.

406
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But I don't think that we've got, even in the IAA, a mechanism

407
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that we can cookie cutter onto AI. I think it's much more likely that

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00:40:24.880 --> 00:40:30.159
we want to go back to principles
and try and find a way of regulating

409
00:40:30.199 --> 00:40:35.159
something in a sort of forward looking
way. But the IAA one has done

410
00:40:35.159 --> 00:40:40.480
a fantastic job, two does the
sort of protection of the intellectual property piece,

411
00:40:40.559 --> 00:40:45.239
as it were, and three has
some very clear principles. So it's

412
00:40:45.320 --> 00:40:50.039
useful to have in the mix.
But I don't think it's the I don't

413
00:40:50.039 --> 00:40:52.840
want to say magic bullet, but
you know what I mean solution to that.

414
00:40:52.639 --> 00:40:57.639
And I've now forgotten your second question. Oh is Janine was? Oh?

415
00:40:57.719 --> 00:41:00.039
Yes, So this is sort of
the first work day of our presidency,

416
00:41:00.039 --> 00:41:04.079
and I think we were all following
events over the weekend, and a

417
00:41:04.119 --> 00:41:07.119
couple of counterparts said to me at
our opening working breakfast that this was something

418
00:41:07.119 --> 00:41:10.639
they were concerned about. So I
think it's very likely that will end up

419
00:41:10.679 --> 00:41:15.639
scheduling a meeting into the program,
but nothing, nothing formal yet. We

420
00:41:15.719 --> 00:41:17.880
have James and then I just to
say I can see you on the screen,

421
00:41:17.920 --> 00:41:22.199
Iftica say you're on the list,
but James next James Boys to zero

422
00:41:22.800 --> 00:41:28.599
staying on the same subject and Israel's
military actions two related questions. Children are

423
00:41:28.639 --> 00:41:31.239
on conflict report. You were saying
Russia was on the list, but the

424
00:41:31.280 --> 00:41:36.119
other news was Israel wasn't on the
list, even though the Secretary General had

425
00:41:36.119 --> 00:41:37.599
warned Israel, if you've gone killing
children, you'll be on the list,

426
00:41:37.840 --> 00:41:42.719
and then somehow he left them off
yet again, what is the UK's reaction

427
00:41:42.760 --> 00:41:46.920
to that? And on Janine,
we've seen today fifteen drone attacks on a

428
00:41:47.000 --> 00:41:52.840
heavily populated refugee camp. In the
UK's view, is this proportionate? In

429
00:41:52.880 --> 00:41:58.840
other words, is it legal under
international humanitarian law? Thank you? And

430
00:41:58.880 --> 00:42:01.639
I think I could say that bilaterally. From the UK's point of view,

431
00:42:01.679 --> 00:42:07.079
we were disappointed not to see Israel
listed in the CIAC report. We've been

432
00:42:07.159 --> 00:42:13.519
very concerned about the attacks on children. But the CIAC report is of course

433
00:42:13.519 --> 00:42:20.719
written by Virginia Gamba's team and approved
personally by the Secretary General, and I

434
00:42:20.760 --> 00:42:24.639
would say they do have very strict
criteria. So the fact that Russia was

435
00:42:24.679 --> 00:42:28.599
on the list for those four hundred
and eighty attacks on schools and hospitals is

436
00:42:28.639 --> 00:42:34.559
important. So we were disappointed,
but we do remain concerned about Israel not

437
00:42:34.599 --> 00:42:37.760
being included, and more importantly about
Israel's attacks and the impact they have on

438
00:42:37.880 --> 00:42:44.800
children in terms of Janine, as
I said, we do want the IDF,

439
00:42:44.920 --> 00:42:51.519
the Israeli's defensefuls to demonstrate restraint in
this operation in particular, and we

440
00:42:51.559 --> 00:42:55.599
do see an urgent need for all
parties to avoid further escalation in the West

441
00:42:55.599 --> 00:43:00.320
Bank. We do, as I
said earlier, support Israel's right to self

442
00:43:00.360 --> 00:43:07.760
defense and condemn the recent terrorist attacks
unequivocally. But I want to see the

443
00:43:07.760 --> 00:43:12.000
protection of civilians in all cases,
and we do want to see Israel acting

444
00:43:12.000 --> 00:43:15.719
in accordance with international humanitarian law and
call on them to adhere to those principles.

445
00:43:15.760 --> 00:43:19.199
But it's too early, I think
for me to make a judgment about

446
00:43:19.320 --> 00:43:28.800
what's happened. Sorry, thank you. We're going to Sailia next. Thank

447
00:43:28.880 --> 00:43:36.199
you if the guy yeah, go
next and then Sailia. Sorry, thanks

448
00:43:36.199 --> 00:43:45.119
you to so, thank you very
much. Traditions. Yeah. In the

449
00:43:45.199 --> 00:43:59.159
month you know my name Proba associated
your what for the expansion of uniting nature

450
00:43:59.280 --> 00:44:06.719
security as part of this reform by
four more Vito very really remembers runs counter

451
00:44:06.800 --> 00:44:13.320
to the kate made by uniting or
consented group against any expensire in the pepper

452
00:44:14.079 --> 00:44:23.039
category because it would make it more
capable as your normal investor. U UFC

453
00:44:24.119 --> 00:44:31.000
advocate more addicted member with longer terms, make it more democratic, representative and

454
00:44:31.079 --> 00:44:40.239
accountable. Don't you see any merit
in the Thank you very much for that

455
00:44:40.320 --> 00:44:44.280
question. You put your finger on
something that I know has been a very

456
00:44:44.360 --> 00:44:50.280
live debate during the IGN this year. But as I say, the UK's

457
00:44:50.320 --> 00:44:54.280
position on new and Security Council reform
has been i would say, out in

458
00:44:54.320 --> 00:44:59.360
the front for a long time now. We've been very clear that we support

459
00:45:00.280 --> 00:45:06.320
membership for India, for Brazil,
for Germany and Japan and African permanent membership.

460
00:45:06.719 --> 00:45:10.159
So we welcome the debate carrying on. But I think the most important

461
00:45:10.159 --> 00:45:15.559
thing is to bring the Council into
the twenty twenties and make some progress on

462
00:45:15.599 --> 00:45:20.519
that. Thank you, thank you. Now we'll go to Celia. Thank

463
00:45:20.559 --> 00:45:25.280
you. Africa confinential. I would
like to go back to the Security Council

464
00:45:25.440 --> 00:45:34.440
reform and to know how many sit
do you think could go to Africa and

465
00:45:34.519 --> 00:45:40.039
will they get like right of vidual
or not? And also I would like

466
00:45:40.159 --> 00:45:47.599
to know what UK thought about the
withdrawal of them. Do you think it

467
00:45:47.679 --> 00:45:52.719
was too early or what do you
think about that? And did you agree

468
00:45:52.760 --> 00:46:01.320
with it? Thank you for those
questions. So, as I said,

469
00:46:02.039 --> 00:46:07.079
we set out our position on Security
Council or form some years ago because we

470
00:46:07.079 --> 00:46:13.880
could see even then that the Council
was not geographically representative and not representative of

471
00:46:13.880 --> 00:46:19.239
the world today or twenty years ago. So we've said very clearly we want

472
00:46:19.280 --> 00:46:24.960
to see African representation and it's really
for the Africans to decide who should take

473
00:46:25.039 --> 00:46:30.400
that seat. So we're sort of
waiting on further developments on that one.

474
00:46:30.000 --> 00:46:36.800
I think the whole question of what
happens with the veto is I know it

475
00:46:36.880 --> 00:46:39.280
is a very important one. You'll
know that the UK hasn't used its VETO

476
00:46:39.320 --> 00:46:45.159
six nineteen eighty nine. We're part
of the Act agreement that we wouldn't do

477
00:46:45.199 --> 00:46:52.440
that, so in particular with respect
to humanitarian situations. So that's again an

478
00:46:52.440 --> 00:47:07.280
open question. But can cansum a
mute? Sorry, that's right on Minosma.

479
00:47:07.599 --> 00:47:10.119
Really, I think it's no secret
that we were very disappointed by the

480
00:47:10.159 --> 00:47:19.480
Marley Authorities decision, by the decision
itself, but also by the timing just

481
00:47:20.400 --> 00:47:24.800
for four ins to de opt to
announce that, so peremptorily, I think

482
00:47:24.840 --> 00:47:30.079
it was quite a relief that we
agreed that the MINOSMA forces would aim to

483
00:47:30.199 --> 00:47:32.960
leave with the objective by the end
of the year, because this is a

484
00:47:34.000 --> 00:47:37.440
complex, a very complex operation to
draw down indeed, so that was an

485
00:47:37.440 --> 00:47:42.239
important development. But I think two
things followed from that. The first is

486
00:47:42.280 --> 00:47:45.880
that that leaves security in Mally in
the hands of Vargner. And you don't

487
00:47:45.920 --> 00:47:50.599
need me to tell you that where
Wagner is we see chaos, we see

488
00:47:50.679 --> 00:47:54.920
human rights abuses, we see violations
of international law. So that's a major

489
00:47:54.960 --> 00:48:00.880
concern for the people of Marley who
depend on this peacekeeping op ration. And

490
00:48:00.039 --> 00:48:06.000
more importantly, Wagner is in Bamako, and that's not where the people of

491
00:48:06.079 --> 00:48:10.199
Mally most need our protection from terrorism
and crime in order to go about their

492
00:48:10.199 --> 00:48:16.039
lives. So there's a huge unresolved
question now about who will support and protect

493
00:48:16.320 --> 00:48:21.639
the people of Malli. And I
think it's very important that we continue discussions

494
00:48:21.639 --> 00:48:25.119
with the regional groups as well in
order to try and work out a way

495
00:48:25.199 --> 00:48:30.280
forward. But this it was a
it was a premature and rather hasty decision

496
00:48:30.320 --> 00:48:35.559
in our view, and we've tried
to do the best for peacekeeping forces who've

497
00:48:35.559 --> 00:48:40.079
done very well indeed, and the
people of Mally. Thanks and then thank

498
00:48:40.079 --> 00:48:44.239
you so much a friend, Cole
Safi, Arab News Daily. The war

499
00:48:44.360 --> 00:48:46.440
ins so done. As we're speaking, the fighting has picked up again.

500
00:48:46.840 --> 00:48:52.880
Thousands die, thousands injured, millions
of displays. I wonder if there are

501
00:48:52.920 --> 00:48:57.199
any concerns within the Security Council about
this issue, where there are any requests

502
00:48:57.199 --> 00:49:00.400
for emergency new things, I see
only the regular team that's one on the

503
00:49:00.440 --> 00:49:04.840
Security Council reforms as well. Can
you just say a word or two on

504
00:49:05.320 --> 00:49:09.079
why did you decide to have Japan
and Brazil, India and Germany out of

505
00:49:09.119 --> 00:49:15.480
world countries as permanent members. And
since the Security Council is filled with Arab

506
00:49:15.519 --> 00:49:19.320
issues as well, from Libya,
Siria, Yam and Palistine all of them

507
00:49:19.440 --> 00:49:23.079
arrived, do you support a permanent
seed for an Arab country for example?

508
00:49:23.280 --> 00:49:29.760
Thank you, thanks very much.
Let's start on Sudan, which is a

509
00:49:29.920 --> 00:49:36.159
situation that has been preoccupying us now
since the fighting broke out in April.

510
00:49:37.559 --> 00:49:43.920
Sorry, so, I think a
couple of things to say. We've had

511
00:49:43.960 --> 00:49:47.679
a number of meeting some of them
in close consultations to discuss this situation,

512
00:49:49.400 --> 00:49:52.599
and you'll see that just last week
we were able to agree a press statement

513
00:49:53.920 --> 00:50:00.039
reflecting our views. The situation,
of course, remains of great concern.

514
00:50:00.159 --> 00:50:05.960
These sort of short cease fires,
which barely hold despite the efforts of the

515
00:50:06.039 --> 00:50:10.519
United States and Saudi Arabia, have
been I think a grave concern. And

516
00:50:10.559 --> 00:50:15.920
as you say, people are being
killed and millions are displaced, and that

517
00:50:15.079 --> 00:50:21.320
creates other pressures across borders. So
there's a lot for us to remain concerned

518
00:50:21.360 --> 00:50:25.639
about. I think the key thing
now is to try and give our support

519
00:50:25.679 --> 00:50:30.519
and to accelerate the regional processes.
But it's something that will remain on our

520
00:50:30.519 --> 00:50:35.519
watch list, in our horizon scanning. And again if we get if we

521
00:50:35.559 --> 00:50:38.679
see a need for if we receive
requests from other Council members, we won't

522
00:50:38.719 --> 00:50:44.239
hesitate to call for a meeting.
So we'll keep that, keep watching that.

523
00:50:44.599 --> 00:50:47.679
We will actually have a Security Council
meeting this month on the thirteenth or

524
00:50:47.719 --> 00:50:52.559
two line, but that's of course
the one that looks at the referral of

525
00:50:52.639 --> 00:50:57.760
darfour to the Council, And to
be honest, many of us have been

526
00:50:57.760 --> 00:51:00.960
reflecting that since that referral in two
thousand and five. The last thing that

527
00:51:01.000 --> 00:51:04.840
we want to see as a repeat
of what we saw then, So we're

528
00:51:04.920 --> 00:51:08.800
very mindful that we don't want to
see history repeat itself on that. On

529
00:51:08.880 --> 00:51:15.119
Security Council reform, I think our
thinking behind the four countries that we supported

530
00:51:15.320 --> 00:51:22.480
was partly to do with geographical balance. So introducing India and Brazil would bring

531
00:51:22.519 --> 00:51:28.360
a wider geographical representation into the Council, but also to bring in countries that

532
00:51:28.440 --> 00:51:34.800
have more influence than they had when
the original Security Council was put together in

533
00:51:35.119 --> 00:51:39.000
nineteen forty five for obvious reasons.
So that's so there's a sort of combination

534
00:51:39.079 --> 00:51:45.360
of recognizing the world as it is
today alongside geographical balance, and that's behind

535
00:51:45.360 --> 00:51:50.679
our position too on Africa. But
we didn't make a prescription on which African

536
00:51:50.719 --> 00:51:53.960
countries. That was left up to
them to decide. So that's the thinking

537
00:51:54.000 --> 00:51:59.559
behind that. Oh I'm so sorry. Yes, the home I think we

538
00:52:00.000 --> 00:52:05.400
we sort of drew a line at
the four plus the African representation that we

539
00:52:05.480 --> 00:52:09.039
had, and that could of course
include an Arab African country. So it's

540
00:52:09.039 --> 00:52:13.039
not moved out at all, but
we didn't make a specific provision for that.

541
00:52:13.559 --> 00:52:17.599
Yeah, Georgia, Hi, ambassador, does you shoot with Chinese Central

542
00:52:17.599 --> 00:52:23.039
Television? Two questions? But first, we shore a successful president. First,

543
00:52:23.360 --> 00:52:28.599
I remember last time when UK was
the president, a Russian delegation actually

544
00:52:28.639 --> 00:52:34.280
complained because they I remember they request
a meeting but got turned up because of

545
00:52:34.360 --> 00:52:38.159
technical issues. I think, um, so just now you you actually mentioned

546
00:52:38.199 --> 00:52:44.119
that that you want to be more
productive for the Security Council. How are

547
00:52:44.159 --> 00:52:47.400
your planning to do that? And
second, in the capacity of the UK

548
00:52:47.800 --> 00:52:53.039
I think this year earlier this year
in March, Argentinian government mentioned that they

549
00:52:53.079 --> 00:53:00.639
want to have resumed talk on the
issue of Falklands islands the Isla Malvinas are

550
00:53:00.760 --> 00:53:07.400
any possibility to resume dialogues with the
Argentinian government, thank you, thank you.

551
00:53:07.679 --> 00:53:12.039
So in terms of productivity, part
of that is making sure that the

552
00:53:12.079 --> 00:53:15.960
Council agenda, first of all,
fulfills the mandates. So some of the

553
00:53:15.000 --> 00:53:17.679
things on the agenda, as you
see, are things that come up.

554
00:53:17.719 --> 00:53:22.480
So the children in our conflict debate
we're mandated to hold, the Iran debate

555
00:53:22.800 --> 00:53:27.159
comes up as part of a sequence, so we need to handle all those

556
00:53:27.440 --> 00:53:30.840
and then we want to make sure
that the Council discusses the pressing issues of

557
00:53:30.840 --> 00:53:35.960
the day, and so that's why
we've picked both Ukraine and conflict related to

558
00:53:36.000 --> 00:53:40.760
sexual violence and artificial intelligence. So
where we've got discretion, we're focusing our

559
00:53:40.800 --> 00:53:45.199
agenda. It's also about how we
conduct our council meetings, and as I

560
00:53:45.239 --> 00:53:50.599
mentioned earlier, we want to make
sure that our briefers are genuinely expert and

561
00:53:50.679 --> 00:53:55.159
can add value and input for the
Council. And we also want to include

562
00:53:55.199 --> 00:54:00.639
the voices of civil society, and
we will enlie with our admittment to the

563
00:54:00.639 --> 00:54:06.079
Women Peace and Security Agenda make sure
that an equal balance of those briefers come

564
00:54:06.360 --> 00:54:10.800
our men and women, So we'll
do that. We also want Council discussions

565
00:54:10.800 --> 00:54:15.360
to be sort of interactive where they
can, and at breakfast this morning,

566
00:54:15.880 --> 00:54:20.800
I said to my counterparts that we
would very much welcome short, concise statements

567
00:54:20.840 --> 00:54:27.800
focused on actions I live in hope, not ones that simply admire a problem

568
00:54:27.920 --> 00:54:30.920
or are full of disinformation. So
that is how we will attempt to be

569
00:54:31.480 --> 00:54:36.360
productive, and we will, of
course, I think we have four mandate

570
00:54:36.360 --> 00:54:42.199
renewals coming up during our presidency.
So Syria, we've already mentioned cr car

571
00:54:42.760 --> 00:54:45.119
Haiti, and I've forgotten the fourth
one. We'll come back to it,

572
00:54:46.159 --> 00:54:51.360
so we'll make sure that those are
done in a timely way. So that's

573
00:54:51.519 --> 00:54:55.119
an attempt to be productive. In
terms of the Russian Federation, I can't

574
00:54:55.199 --> 00:55:00.360
actually recall the meeting that you are
referring to, but the Russians did say

575
00:55:00.000 --> 00:55:02.760
at the end of our presidency last
year that it had been the worst ever

576
00:55:02.880 --> 00:55:07.800
Security Council presidency in history, and
I have to say that is a badge

577
00:55:07.840 --> 00:55:15.920
I wear with some pride. We
are we are scrupulously objective and professional in

578
00:55:15.920 --> 00:55:20.920
our handling of Security Council business.
We have the wonderful support from SCAD all

579
00:55:20.920 --> 00:55:25.519
the time, so we are continuously
observing the rules and regulations and working within

580
00:55:25.559 --> 00:55:30.920
the framework to be fair and objective. That said, we are not interested

581
00:55:30.159 --> 00:55:35.840
in bringing disinformation and lies to the
Council and we will continue to robut that.

582
00:55:36.599 --> 00:55:38.039
And in terms of the Falklands,
I agree an important question, but

583
00:55:38.119 --> 00:55:44.039
it's a bilateral issue between the UK
and Argentina, so not on the agenda.

584
00:55:44.239 --> 00:55:50.239
Thank you to Toshi next, and
thank you Toshi Naba from kild on

585
00:55:50.320 --> 00:55:55.159
New Japanese News of Wire I have
a falloup on the withdrawal of UNISIMON and

586
00:55:55.280 --> 00:56:00.679
I'd like to know how much good
affect other of you sleeping operations and the

587
00:56:00.000 --> 00:56:06.599
peacekeeping forces, because it's said the
president of expulsions of the peacekeeping forces,

588
00:56:06.719 --> 00:56:12.119
and as you know from time to
time, some peacekeeping operations are popular on

589
00:56:12.199 --> 00:56:16.719
the ground, how much rain and
worried with a possible sort of domino effect

590
00:56:16.800 --> 00:56:22.039
on peacekeeping forces? Thank you,
thank you very much, indeed, and

591
00:56:22.079 --> 00:56:25.039
I think it's a it's a very
valid question, and behind it is really

592
00:56:25.840 --> 00:56:30.360
the question of how UM peacekeeping forces
can keep a peace when there isn't a

593
00:56:30.400 --> 00:56:36.840
peace to keep, because when we
mandate peacekeeping forces, it is normally to

594
00:56:37.039 --> 00:56:42.559
support peace and to support the government
as it builds that peace for its people.

595
00:56:43.000 --> 00:56:47.079
And we saw that run through our
fingers in Minusma sadly, so I

596
00:56:47.119 --> 00:56:52.079
think you raise a very real risk. And let me sort of highlight two

597
00:56:52.119 --> 00:56:57.519
trends. The first one, to
be honest, is we see increasingly this

598
00:56:58.480 --> 00:57:04.719
breakdown of relationship between UM peacekeepers and
the authorities concerned, often where we see

599
00:57:04.760 --> 00:57:08.440
the Bargner mercenaries, the Russian Wargner
mercenaries present in countries, and I think

600
00:57:08.480 --> 00:57:14.400
that's a very worrying relationship because,
as I said earlier, where Wargner mercenaries

601
00:57:14.440 --> 00:57:16.119
go, we see chaos, we
see violations of human rights, and we

602
00:57:16.159 --> 00:57:21.159
see violations of international law and very
little peace. To be honest, we

603
00:57:21.239 --> 00:57:27.239
just see mining and extraction of commodities
away from the hands of the people who

604
00:57:27.280 --> 00:57:30.559
own them and should be profiting from
them. So there's that worry, and

605
00:57:30.639 --> 00:57:35.159
I think you're right too, there
is a sort of domino effect worry.

606
00:57:35.599 --> 00:57:40.800
And there's a bigger question there about
the sort of Western Sahara and parts of

607
00:57:40.800 --> 00:57:46.480
Africa where countries boundaries are very fluid, particularly there as herders or there's a

608
00:57:46.559 --> 00:57:50.800
past there. So I think one
of the important things we'll do during our

609
00:57:50.840 --> 00:57:57.519
presidency will be the debate on Western
Sahara, West Africa and Sahara and looking

610
00:57:57.559 --> 00:58:00.880
at the sort of cross regional situation
there, and also the important role that

611
00:58:01.039 --> 00:58:06.840
regional peacekeeping forces can play as well. So I think they'll have a very

612
00:58:06.840 --> 00:58:09.159
big role, and it's been very
interesting listening to some of the arguments about

613
00:58:09.199 --> 00:58:14.960
how they can be deployed and developed
into these situations. Thank you. We've

614
00:58:14.960 --> 00:58:16.199
got to Evelyn next, and then
Yesheeta, and then we'll come to the

615
00:58:16.239 --> 00:58:25.079
side of the room. Thank you, Mendrew. Wargner and Minister Lavrof has

616
00:58:25.119 --> 00:58:31.480
gone out of his way to assure
countries in the Selle that despite what happened

617
00:58:31.480 --> 00:58:37.360
in the Ukraine or the Addenda coup, Wagner will still be around. And

618
00:58:37.440 --> 00:58:43.840
their favorite is the c Aw I
mean the Saar, where they seem to

619
00:58:43.880 --> 00:58:51.639
be extremely active anybody moving against them. I know that they mind things and

620
00:58:51.760 --> 00:58:57.320
they settle dargnered and a little friendly
way. It doesn't help, but they,

621
00:58:59.239 --> 00:59:02.719
you know, just keeps assuring African
countries that they're not going to start

622
00:59:02.800 --> 00:59:10.079
this. So sorry. The question
that question is have you been following the

623
00:59:10.159 --> 00:59:19.039
mount dangerous? Are they still despite
their Ukraine debacle? So I agree with

624
00:59:19.079 --> 00:59:25.119
your premise about Wagner in Africa,
and I do think we see Wagner in

625
00:59:25.239 --> 00:59:29.000
slightly different roles in different parts of
Africa. So I take your point,

626
00:59:29.039 --> 00:59:34.440
for example about cr it's not the
same type of Wagner operation as it is

627
00:59:34.480 --> 00:59:37.239
in Mali or in some other places, so I think that is worth setting.

628
00:59:37.599 --> 00:59:43.119
It's not a complete cookie cutter,
and I know that foreign as the

629
00:59:43.199 --> 00:59:47.440
Lavrov has been touring extensively around Africa
shoring up support for Russia's position, and

630
00:59:47.480 --> 00:59:54.519
of course, the South African president
led a delegation of African leaders to Kiev

631
00:59:54.639 --> 01:00:00.760
and to Moscow to talk about the
war in Ukraine. I really find it

632
01:00:00.800 --> 01:00:08.519
hard to I would find it hard
to say anything certain about any truth at

633
01:00:08.559 --> 01:00:13.840
all in what foreimnist Lavrov said,
or in fact what we have coming out

634
01:00:13.880 --> 01:00:19.400
of the Wagner Group. It's very
inconsistent and I think all very murky.

635
01:00:19.480 --> 01:00:22.360
So the bottom line is it's not
something on which I would place my own

636
01:00:22.400 --> 01:00:30.039
security. Thanks Yoshi, Thank you, Ambassador Yoshida, saying the Press Trust

637
01:00:30.079 --> 01:00:34.599
of India, I have a question
on the Human Security Council reform. When

638
01:00:34.599 --> 01:00:37.920
the ig AND was rolled over for
the next session, India termed it as

639
01:00:37.960 --> 01:00:40.960
a waste opportunity and said the process
could go on for another seventy five years

640
01:00:40.960 --> 01:00:45.079
without any solid outcome. The Member
States have been discussing the process without a

641
01:00:45.119 --> 01:00:51.320
negotiating text. What concrete steps can
we expect or do you thinks should be

642
01:00:51.360 --> 01:00:53.639
done to ensure that there is some
forward movement to see on the ground.

643
01:00:54.280 --> 01:01:00.360
Otherwise, like as India said,
the process was gone forever. Thanks so

644
01:01:00.519 --> 01:01:04.400
thank you for that question, and
I think it I recognize that it has

645
01:01:04.440 --> 01:01:07.360
been a very frustrating process. As
I said, we set out our position

646
01:01:07.400 --> 01:01:12.000
and more than a decade ago,
trying to lean into the question and broaden

647
01:01:12.039 --> 01:01:16.320
the representation, bring the Security Council
up to date. And you know,

648
01:01:16.360 --> 01:01:21.679
I've had good contacts with the ignd
CO facilitators this year, and I know

649
01:01:22.000 --> 01:01:24.760
that they've tried very hard, indeed, but there is such a wide range

650
01:01:24.760 --> 01:01:30.440
of views that it seems very difficult
indeed to make progress. So I recognize

651
01:01:30.519 --> 01:01:34.719
the frustrations. We too thought it
would be useful actually to move to text

652
01:01:34.719 --> 01:01:38.280
based negotiations, but I'm afraid we
didn't. There wasn't enough support for that

653
01:01:38.320 --> 01:01:43.079
to make immediate progress. But it's
something that we do, as I say,

654
01:01:43.280 --> 01:01:46.000
continue to support because we need to
see the Security Council come into the

655
01:01:46.159 --> 01:01:51.079
twenty twenties. Thank you, thank
your question here and then sheho and then

656
01:01:51.079 --> 01:01:55.880
the gentleman of them, Thank you, Madam Barsdo. My question is regarding

657
01:01:57.079 --> 01:02:01.400
Iran, though of course that the
UK is expected to announce plans to breach

658
01:02:01.559 --> 01:02:08.480
the two fifteen Iran nuclear Deal.
The decision comes just a few months before

659
01:02:08.519 --> 01:02:17.159
the expiration of Security Council resolution on
Iran nuclear deal in your national capacity is

660
01:02:17.199 --> 01:02:22.800
your government are all worried about the
reaction that the Islamic Republic of Iran may

661
01:02:22.840 --> 01:02:29.280
have as we know they are very
close to acquiring a nuclear bomb. Do

662
01:02:29.320 --> 01:02:34.480
you think that is gonna make the
situation worse? Thank you, thank you,

663
01:02:35.480 --> 01:02:39.159
Yes, we share your concern.
You know, Iran now as we

664
01:02:39.239 --> 01:02:45.079
think about three times the minimum amount
of highly enriched uranium that is needed to

665
01:02:45.119 --> 01:02:51.280
manufacture a nuclear device, so the
stockpiles are high, and I Realm's ability

666
01:02:51.360 --> 01:02:55.840
to enrich uranium is also very high. So that's a situation that is causing

667
01:02:55.920 --> 01:03:00.360
us a lot of concern, and
it's why we're working so closely with our

668
01:03:00.679 --> 01:03:06.599
E three partners, in particular on
the question of what to do next about

669
01:03:06.599 --> 01:03:09.400
that. We'll have a discussion in
the Council on the sixth of July on

670
01:03:09.480 --> 01:03:15.039
Iran. Looking at a Security Council
Resolution twenty two thirty one. Iran is

671
01:03:15.079 --> 01:03:20.559
in flagrant breach of that, not
least also the way in which it's selling

672
01:03:21.079 --> 01:03:25.039
UAVs to Russia for the war in
Ukraine. So there's quite a lot,

673
01:03:25.639 --> 01:03:29.920
quite a lot of concern there and
we'll have a chance to discuss it on

674
01:03:29.960 --> 01:03:36.199
the sixth of July. Thank you, Shia. Thank you Shiomatsuga from Japan's

675
01:03:36.280 --> 01:03:40.239
nip Point television for the Ukraine meeting
on seventeenth. Are there any other foreign

676
01:03:40.280 --> 01:03:46.079
ministers that are invited or confirmed to
attend, including Secretary Blinken or Foreign Minister

677
01:03:46.199 --> 01:03:52.320
La Thank you, thank you very
much for that question. I know my

678
01:03:52.440 --> 01:03:55.800
Foreign Minister will very much look forward
to seeing his counterparts at that meeting.

679
01:03:55.800 --> 01:04:00.320
They will have just come from the
NATO's summit. Some of the figs have

680
01:04:00.360 --> 01:04:03.039
already attended, but we don't have
a final list yet, but I will

681
01:04:03.079 --> 01:04:15.880
say here I very much doubt that
foreign stillavrov will come almost from innusition.

682
01:04:15.000 --> 01:04:19.519
Users, Are are you thinking anything
in terms of Afghana sign where you have

683
01:04:19.599 --> 01:04:27.519
a crisis and the UN staff not
being allowed to work? Thank you for

684
01:04:27.559 --> 01:04:30.800
that question. Yes, a crisis
that I agree the UN staff can't work,

685
01:04:30.880 --> 01:04:33.159
but neither can the women are alf
going to Stan more or less.

686
01:04:33.159 --> 01:04:36.800
So the crisis is enormous, and
it's not just a working crisis, as

687
01:04:36.800 --> 01:04:41.159
you know, it's a humanitarian crisis
as well. With more than half the

688
01:04:41.159 --> 01:04:45.239
population of Afghanistan in need of humanitarian
aid, which the UN is finding really

689
01:04:45.280 --> 01:04:48.320
difficult to get to those people because
women aren't allowed to be part of the

690
01:04:48.360 --> 01:04:55.559
distribution. So there is a huge
crisis in Afghanistan. We very much welcome

691
01:04:55.639 --> 01:05:00.880
the Secretary General's convening of Special envoys
in Doha last month, which I think

692
01:05:00.960 --> 01:05:04.000
was a good way of finding some
sort of way forward, and I know

693
01:05:04.039 --> 01:05:09.960
that they plan to meet again.
I saw the Special Representative Rosa Autumn Baiva

694
01:05:10.239 --> 01:05:13.280
just a couple of weeks ago,
and it was good to have a conversation

695
01:05:13.320 --> 01:05:17.360
with her and hear her experience on
the ground of what she's seeing both in

696
01:05:17.440 --> 01:05:21.400
Carbal but also some of the things
she's hearing from the rural areas. So

697
01:05:21.480 --> 01:05:28.079
it remains an issue that is of
grave concern to us. We talked about

698
01:05:28.119 --> 01:05:31.920
it in the Council last month.
Under UAE presidency. The next formal meeting

699
01:05:32.000 --> 01:05:38.400
is scheduled for September, but if
we have requests then we will clearly move

700
01:05:38.480 --> 01:05:41.920
to try and include something more urgently
if necessary, and if we can make

701
01:05:41.920 --> 01:05:47.320
a difference. Thank you, please, yes, thank you, President Martin.

702
01:05:47.400 --> 01:05:53.800
One from machine again about AI.
So I still want to know more

703
01:05:53.840 --> 01:06:00.360
about the dressing now behind including AI
as one after the three events. So

704
01:06:00.480 --> 01:06:06.760
either context of international peace and security, how our standing this issue is just

705
01:06:08.000 --> 01:06:13.519
now you expresture your concern about nuclear
Can you give me more examples? Yeah,

706
01:06:13.599 --> 01:06:16.960
thank you, sure, thank you. So the rationale is that the

707
01:06:17.039 --> 01:06:24.719
Security Council is of course responsible for
international peace and security, and we don't

708
01:06:24.800 --> 01:06:29.840
know what AI could bring in this
context. As I said earlier, it's

709
01:06:29.920 --> 01:06:34.360
clear that we could derive great benefit
from AI in the UN's work in development,

710
01:06:34.440 --> 01:06:39.880
humanitarian peacekeeping, data use, monitoring
and so on. But there have

711
01:06:40.000 --> 01:06:45.679
to be concerns too about how AI
might be used, for example, in

712
01:06:46.679 --> 01:06:54.000
nuclear technology, whether any country with
nuclear weapons would consider handing over the management

713
01:06:54.000 --> 01:06:57.840
of those weapons to AI and how
that could go wrong, or the same

714
01:06:57.920 --> 01:07:02.199
with automated weapon as well. So
I think there are areas of concern,

715
01:07:02.400 --> 01:07:06.880
but as we've been discussing, this
is first of all very new technology and

716
01:07:06.920 --> 01:07:12.119
second of all developing and evolving very
fast. Indeed that's one of its characteristics.

717
01:07:12.719 --> 01:07:17.559
So our aim was really to allow
the Security Council to have briefing from

718
01:07:17.639 --> 01:07:21.920
experts, to hear from the Secretary
General who's been thinking about this quite a

719
01:07:21.920 --> 01:07:29.480
lot, and to start a multilateral
discussion on what the implications were and how

720
01:07:29.519 --> 01:07:34.840
best we should benefit from AI but
also manage its risks. And as the

721
01:07:34.960 --> 01:07:40.760
UK, we look forward to starting
that off this month during our presidency,

722
01:07:40.800 --> 01:07:45.840
but also picking it up during the
summit in London later this year as well.

723
01:07:45.880 --> 01:07:50.079
So we're very committed to acting as
a convener and a constructive force in

724
01:07:50.119 --> 01:07:55.239
this debate as we move forward.
But as I said, my Prime Minister

725
01:07:55.280 --> 01:07:58.920
says, this is something that we
can't do alone. It has to be

726
01:07:58.960 --> 01:08:03.239
a global solution. That's why we're
starting here at the UN. Thanks San,

727
01:08:03.320 --> 01:08:06.639
thanks very much turning up and question
for you. I mean, I'm

728
01:08:06.639 --> 01:08:11.280
sorry for being late Inveastador Schawan Brice
p South African Broadcasting. It bigs the

729
01:08:11.400 --> 01:08:15.079
question, right, is artificial intelligence
a threat to international peace and security?

730
01:08:15.159 --> 01:08:19.359
Is that what you're saying? So
artificial intelligence is the sum of the data

731
01:08:19.359 --> 01:08:26.399
that's input into it. So artificial
intelligence is not itself an actor. We

732
01:08:26.479 --> 01:08:30.119
are the ones who can deploy it, can direct it, can see its

733
01:08:30.199 --> 01:08:32.079
risks. So that's why I we
need to have a debate in the Security

734
01:08:32.119 --> 01:08:38.920
Council. That's why we need a
summit in London because artificial intelligence itself can't

735
01:08:38.960 --> 01:08:45.359
in particular do anything right. But
then why I have a meeting in the

736
01:08:45.439 --> 01:08:48.640
UN Security Council which has something mandate
if it's not a thrifty international peace and

737
01:08:48.680 --> 01:08:56.000
securities, because we want to explore
whether in some applications or in some evolutions,

738
01:08:56.439 --> 01:09:00.199
artificial intelligence could be a threat to
international peace and security where it could

739
01:09:00.199 --> 01:09:02.840
be helpful. I mean, there
is there is quite a good analogy here

740
01:09:02.840 --> 01:09:06.800
with nuclear, although I don't want
to overdo it. Nuclear has a great

741
01:09:06.840 --> 01:09:13.439
deal of civil beneficial uses. It
also can be turned into weapons which need

742
01:09:13.479 --> 01:09:16.279
to be regulated. So that's that's
the sort of way forward we're trying to

743
01:09:16.319 --> 01:09:20.720
find with this extraordinary technology. The
difference between the two is that, of

744
01:09:20.760 --> 01:09:27.479
course nuclear technology was held particular when
it was regulated by a very small number

745
01:09:27.520 --> 01:09:31.359
of countries. AI is proliferating among
the general population and so it's a different

746
01:09:31.439 --> 01:09:35.079
There's a difference there, but the
analogy I think holds a bit. Thanks

747
01:09:35.720 --> 01:09:41.960
any type of a final question from
Allen, Thanks so much and best.

748
01:09:42.199 --> 01:09:46.880
Alan Bulge from Brienna West News Agency. Yesterday, the Deputy Chairman of Russian

749
01:09:46.960 --> 01:09:51.960
Security Council, the Meterary medved If, published an article in which he says

750
01:09:53.039 --> 01:10:00.520
that it would be better to temporarily
suspend the diplomatic relations between Russian and Okay,

751
01:10:00.640 --> 01:10:03.079
or at least to lower their level. What do we make up that

752
01:10:03.239 --> 01:10:09.239
then? Are you ready for that? So last month, when I was

753
01:10:09.279 --> 01:10:13.680
back in London, I saw the
British ambassador to Moscow, who is doing

754
01:10:14.000 --> 01:10:18.840
an extraordinary job in the face of
Russia's invasion of Ukraine and flagrant breach of

755
01:10:18.920 --> 01:10:24.199
the UN Charter. So I think
it would be a pity to downgrade relations

756
01:10:24.279 --> 01:10:29.359
because when the war comes, when
Russia finally takes its boots off the grounds

757
01:10:29.359 --> 01:10:34.039
of Ukraine, it will be very
important to rebuild the situation using diplomatic relations.

758
01:10:34.520 --> 01:10:38.720
Thanks, thank you everyone. I
think that's all we have time for.

759
01:10:38.760 --> 01:10:41.079
I hope we got through all of
your questions. Look forward to working

760
01:10:41.119 --> 01:11:36.159
with you throughout the month. Please
don't hesitate you m h. The show

761
01:11:36.279 --> 01:11:44.399
has been produced by Depictions Media.
Please contact us at depictions dot media for

762
01:11:44.560 --> 01:11:47.920
more information. M