WEBVTT 1 00:00:05.120 --> 00:00:32.359 Thank you for listening to Depiction's Media Radio. Welcome to Policy Rights to show 2 00:00:32.560 --> 00:01:03.560 about government policy and human rights. Welcome back to Policy and Rights here in 3 00:01:03.599 --> 00:01:11.480 Depictions Media Radio. I'm your host, Michael Clogs. And in this next 4 00:01:11.480 --> 00:01:19.879 show, what we're going to hear about is that the United Nations the Secretary 5 00:01:19.959 --> 00:01:30.719 General Antennio Guerreras. He's talking about responsibility in social media and digital information sharing, 6 00:01:30.480 --> 00:01:38.120 and there are some legitimate points to, Hey, if you're gonna share 7 00:01:41.560 --> 00:01:47.000 something on on social media, especially if you're a journalist or a professional fact 8 00:01:47.079 --> 00:01:51.959 checking, make sure that it's accurate before you start spreading it around. There 9 00:01:52.000 --> 00:01:57.719 are a lot of people out there they want to spread missing information and spread 10 00:01:59.519 --> 00:02:07.640 if it did simply just scares people. And there are also in some respects 11 00:02:07.719 --> 00:02:13.120 With that being said, while there are some groups out there that want to 12 00:02:13.199 --> 00:02:20.080 sidetrack our society, there are also major corporations out there that want to control 13 00:02:20.199 --> 00:02:28.240 our society so that they can just simply sell more product. As journalists become 14 00:02:28.520 --> 00:02:35.919 more into podcasting and blogging and things like that, if you're going to go 15 00:02:36.039 --> 00:02:42.199 against the mainstream, fat check it, make sure that it's accurate. There 16 00:02:43.159 --> 00:02:49.599 is a point to that and if it turns out to be something that is 17 00:02:50.840 --> 00:02:55.639 more opinion based than fact based, say so, say hey, this is 18 00:02:55.719 --> 00:03:02.199 more opinion than it is fact base. Tell the people that so, and 19 00:03:02.680 --> 00:03:07.919 maybe point them in a direction so they can also go do their own research 20 00:03:08.400 --> 00:03:15.759 outside of using you as a source. So with that being said, I 21 00:03:15.800 --> 00:03:22.599 want you to listen to what was an announced in the press room at the 22 00:03:22.719 --> 00:03:31.479 United Nations with Antonio Gerers speaking about the digital platforms and information sharing and for 23 00:03:31.599 --> 00:03:52.800 that matter, also artificial intelligence. Good afternoon, welcome to this briefing. 24 00:03:53.199 --> 00:03:58.800 The Secretary Journal is here to launch the policy brief on Information Integrity on Digital 25 00:03:58.840 --> 00:04:03.080 Platforms. Joining him is Melissa Fleming, the Under Secretary General for Global Communications, 26 00:04:03.240 --> 00:04:10.680 whose department has the lead on issues relating to information integrity and digital platforms, 27 00:04:10.680 --> 00:04:14.879 and whose department produced the brief that you've had since last week. So 28 00:04:15.159 --> 00:04:19.879 Secretary General, you have the floor, and then we'll take some questions distinguish 29 00:04:20.079 --> 00:04:28.560 members of our press corps. New technology is moving headwarp speeds, and so 30 00:04:28.959 --> 00:04:33.920 are the threats that come with it. Alarm bells over the latest form of 31 00:04:34.079 --> 00:04:42.240 artificial intelligence. Generity of AI are deafening, and they are loudest from the 32 00:04:42.319 --> 00:04:46.800 developers who designed it. The scientists and experts have called on the world to 33 00:04:46.879 --> 00:04:54.040 act, declaring AI and existential threat to humanity on a par with the risk 34 00:04:54.120 --> 00:05:00.759 of nuclear war. We must take those warnings seriously. Our proposal Global Digital 35 00:05:00.759 --> 00:05:05.240 Compact New a Gender for the Peace and Accord on the Global governance of AI, 36 00:05:05.519 --> 00:05:13.240 will offer multilateral solutions based on human rights. But the advent of generalitive 37 00:05:13.319 --> 00:05:19.639 AI must not distract us from the damage digital technology is already doing to our 38 00:05:19.720 --> 00:05:27.879 world. The proliferation of hate and lies in the digital space is causing grave 39 00:05:27.959 --> 00:05:34.240 global harm. Now it is full in conflict, death and destruction. Now 40 00:05:35.240 --> 00:05:42.879 it is threatening democracy and human rights. Now it is undermining public else and 41 00:05:42.959 --> 00:05:49.199 climate action. Now. When social media emerge a generation ago, digital platforms 42 00:05:49.240 --> 00:05:56.279 were embraced as exciting new ways to connect, and indeed they have supported communities 43 00:05:56.319 --> 00:06:01.480 in times of crisis, elevated marginalized voices, and help to mobilize global movements 44 00:06:01.480 --> 00:06:08.680 for racial justice and gender equality. Social media platforms have helped United Nations to 45 00:06:08.720 --> 00:06:13.759 engage people around the world in all pursuit of peace, dignity, and human 46 00:06:13.879 --> 00:06:18.680 rights on a healthy planet. But today the same technology is often a source 47 00:06:18.720 --> 00:06:26.439 of fear, not hope. Digital platforms are being misused to subvert science and 48 00:06:26.519 --> 00:06:32.160 spread disinformation and hate two billions of people. Some of our own UN peacekeeping 49 00:06:32.199 --> 00:06:39.600 missions and humanitarianade operations have been targeted, making their work even more dangerous. 50 00:06:40.839 --> 00:06:47.319 This clear and present global threat demands clear and coordinated global action. Our Policy 51 00:06:47.360 --> 00:06:57.800 Brief on Information Integrity on Digital Platforms puts forward a framework for a concerned international 52 00:06:57.839 --> 00:07:05.120 response proposed. Its proposals are aimed at creating guard rails top governments come together 53 00:07:05.600 --> 00:07:13.720 around guidelines that promote facts while exposing conspiracies and lies and safeguarding freedom of expression 54 00:07:13.759 --> 00:07:18.920 and information, and to help tech companies navigate difficult ethical and legal issues and 55 00:07:19.000 --> 00:07:28.560 build business models based on a healthy information ecosystem. Governments have sometimes resorted to 56 00:07:28.680 --> 00:07:34.319 drastic measures, including blanket Internet shutdowns and bands that lack any legal basis and 57 00:07:34.480 --> 00:07:40.720 infringe on human rights and around the worlds and tech companies have done far too 58 00:07:40.759 --> 00:07:46.600 little, too late to prevent their platform from contributing to violence and hatreds. 59 00:07:46.519 --> 00:07:51.480 The recommendations in this brief seek to make the digital space safer and more inclusive 60 00:07:53.120 --> 00:07:59.879 while vigorously protecting human rights and they will inform a un Code of Conduct for 61 00:08:00.040 --> 00:08:05.480 information integrity on digital platforms that we are developing ahead of next year's Summit of 62 00:08:05.519 --> 00:08:09.959 the Future. The Code of Conduct will be a set of principles that we 63 00:08:11.040 --> 00:08:16.800 hope governments, digital platforms, and other stakeholders will implement voluntarily, so dear 64 00:08:16.879 --> 00:08:22.639 friends. The proposals in this policy Brief in preparation for the Code of Conduct 65 00:08:22.720 --> 00:08:28.519 include a commitment by governments, tech companies, and other stakeholders to refrain from 66 00:08:28.680 --> 00:08:35.480 using, supporting, or amplifying this information and aid speech for any purpose approached 67 00:08:35.480 --> 00:08:41.279 by governments. To guarantee a free, viable, independent and plural media landscape 68 00:08:41.799 --> 00:08:48.159 with strong protection for journalists. The consistent application of policies and resources by digital 69 00:08:48.200 --> 00:08:52.879 platforms around the world to eliminate double standards that allow eighth speech and disinformation to 70 00:08:52.960 --> 00:08:58.440 flourish in some language and countries while they are prevented more effectively in others. 71 00:09:00.440 --> 00:09:05.159 Agreed protocols for a rapid response by governments and digital platforms when the stakes are 72 00:09:05.279 --> 00:09:11.840 highest in times of conflict and disocial tensions. And a commitment from digital platforms 73 00:09:11.879 --> 00:09:18.440 to make sure all products take account of safety, privacy, and transparency that 74 00:09:18.600 --> 00:09:24.559 includes urgent and immediate measures to ensure that all AI applications are safe, secure, 75 00:09:24.039 --> 00:09:31.679 responsible, and ethical and comply with human rights obligations. The brief proposes 76 00:09:31.679 --> 00:09:37.600 that tech companies should undertake to move away from damaging business models that prioritize engagement 77 00:09:37.039 --> 00:09:43.720 above human rights, privacy, and safety. It suggested advertisers were deeply implicated 78 00:09:43.799 --> 00:09:52.039 in monetizing and spreading damaging content should take responsibility for the impact of their spending. 79 00:09:52.080 --> 00:09:58.799 It recognizes the need for a fundamental shift in incentive structures this information, 80 00:09:58.159 --> 00:10:05.720 and they should not generate maximum exposure and massive profits. The brief suggested users, 81 00:10:05.759 --> 00:10:09.679 including young people who are particularly vulnerable, should have more influence on policy 82 00:10:09.720 --> 00:10:16.879 decisions, and it proposals that digital platforms make a commitment to data transparency. 83 00:10:18.080 --> 00:10:22.679 Users should be able to access their own data, and researchers should have access 84 00:10:22.759 --> 00:10:30.200 to the vast quantities of data generated by digital platforms while respecting user privacy. 85 00:10:30.919 --> 00:10:35.600 Dear friends, I hope this policy brief will be a helpful contribution to discussions 86 00:10:35.639 --> 00:10:39.120 ahead at the Summit of the Future. We are counting on broad engagement and 87 00:10:39.200 --> 00:10:45.559 strong contributions from all stakeholders as we work towards the UN Code of Conduct for 88 00:10:45.679 --> 00:10:50.279 Information Integrity on digital platforms. We do not have a moment to lose. 89 00:10:50.440 --> 00:10:54.720 And I thank you for your attention and for your presence. Thank you, 90 00:10:56.039 --> 00:11:01.919 Valeria, thank you the fun. Thank you Secretary General for Dispress Conference on 91 00:11:01.960 --> 00:11:05.519 behalf of the United Nations Correspondent Association, Valeria Robecco from Anson US wire. 92 00:11:07.080 --> 00:11:13.120 So my question is how confident you are that tech companies and governments will take 93 00:11:13.679 --> 00:11:20.279 concrete steps to make the digital space safer and more inclusive, and how long 94 00:11:20.879 --> 00:11:24.519 it could take to see concrete results? And if I may, can I 95 00:11:24.559 --> 00:11:28.639 also ask you a comment on the death of the former Italian prime ministers if 96 00:11:28.639 --> 00:11:33.639 you Berlusconi, thank you so much. That's a former prime minister. I 97 00:11:33.639 --> 00:11:39.840 can only express my condolences to the family and naturally to the Italian government and 98 00:11:39.919 --> 00:11:46.360 the Italian people. Now, how confident I am, That's a question I 99 00:11:46.399 --> 00:11:54.600 ask myself. We are dealing with the business that generates massive profits, and 100 00:11:54.639 --> 00:11:58.000 we are dealing also, in some situations, with the governments that do not 101 00:11:58.200 --> 00:12:05.759 entirely respect human rights. So this is a constant battle. And in this 102 00:12:05.879 --> 00:12:13.480 constant battle, we must mobilize all those that are committed to information integrity in 103 00:12:13.559 --> 00:12:20.879 digital platforms, and that means mobilizing governments, mobilizing platforms, mobilizing people and 104 00:12:20.000 --> 00:12:28.000 mobilizing those that advertise in platforms. And there are many initiatives taking place. 105 00:12:28.440 --> 00:12:35.159 We have in the U not only a act but also a Code of Conduct, 106 00:12:35.480 --> 00:12:41.320 and this is a very important initiative, even if for the European space 107 00:12:41.159 --> 00:12:48.799 we have other governments that have started to look into forms of regulation. But 108 00:12:48.879 --> 00:12:54.840 there is a conscience that regulation is not easy because things are moving very quickly, 109 00:12:56.440 --> 00:13:00.759 and so we need to find other mechanisms, including multi stake the approaches, 110 00:13:01.200 --> 00:13:03.559 to define guard rails, to define red lines, and at the same 111 00:13:03.600 --> 00:13:09.240 time to exchange best practices and to make sure that the business models are put 112 00:13:09.279 --> 00:13:16.240 into question. And there there is a central aspect. Of course, these 113 00:13:16.240 --> 00:13:24.200 platforms must make money, but the problem is that the present business model prioritizes 114 00:13:24.399 --> 00:13:33.440 engagement in relation to privacy, truth and the human rights of people. Study 115 00:13:33.519 --> 00:13:43.039 by the mit AS demonstrated that false information tends to multiply six times more than 116 00:13:43.639 --> 00:13:48.879 true information in one of the platforms. I'm not going to quote which the 117 00:13:48.919 --> 00:13:54.720 platform is, but the study was done in relation to one of the platforms. 118 00:13:54.279 --> 00:14:03.960 So it is important that platforms understand that having naturally a profitable activity, 119 00:14:03.840 --> 00:14:13.879 that profitable activity cannot create massive profits at the expense of a model of engagement 120 00:14:16.039 --> 00:14:24.840 that goes before any other consideration human rights, privacy, safety. So everybody 121 00:14:24.159 --> 00:14:28.600 needs to be engaged. And this code of conduct that we hope will be 122 00:14:31.200 --> 00:14:37.879 published in the movement towards the Summit of the Future is of course not a 123 00:14:37.960 --> 00:14:43.039 solution alone in itself, but it will be global, not in reaction to 124 00:14:43.320 --> 00:14:48.240 any specific part of the world, and it will be, as it is 125 00:14:48.279 --> 00:14:54.480 on a voluntary basis, I hope, a very strong instrument in order to 126 00:14:54.519 --> 00:15:00.080 allow all those interested to commit to what needs to be done in order to 127 00:15:00.679 --> 00:15:09.080 guarantee or at least to seriously promote information integrating digital platforms. Thank you very 128 00:15:09.120 --> 00:15:20.440 much, mister Secretary General Leaders Letterer from the Associated Press. I know you. 129 00:15:20.440 --> 00:15:28.759 You, you and your predecessors have all said that the greatest power of 130 00:15:30.279 --> 00:15:39.919 the United Nations is its power to convene with artificial intelligence, which you just 131 00:15:41.120 --> 00:15:48.480 mentioned yourself, and this letter signed by three hundred and fifty of the top 132 00:15:48.600 --> 00:15:58.519 scientists, including its makers. Don't you think that the United Nations should use 133 00:15:58.720 --> 00:16:08.240 its completing convening power to immediately in the coming months, at in September, 134 00:16:10.120 --> 00:16:15.559 when all the world leaders are gathered here to at least start a discussion. 135 00:16:17.279 --> 00:16:25.000 When you have the whole world here on trying to figure out how the world 136 00:16:25.080 --> 00:16:36.840 should address both artificial intelligence and at the same time misinformation, disinformation and hate 137 00:16:36.879 --> 00:16:45.480 speech on the internet, well, we are very committed to do everything possible 138 00:16:45.679 --> 00:16:49.679 in these regards. First of all, we will not be competing for summits. 139 00:16:51.279 --> 00:16:55.360 There is already an indication of a member state as announced its intention to 140 00:16:55.440 --> 00:17:00.919 convene a summit on artificial intelligence this year, and will of course not try 141 00:17:02.000 --> 00:17:07.000 to create conditions of competition who will support that initiative. On the other hand, 142 00:17:07.039 --> 00:17:12.960 we believe that the summit must be preceded by serious work. I am 143 00:17:14.000 --> 00:17:22.319 going to point in the next few days a scientific advisory board that includes a 144 00:17:22.400 --> 00:17:27.559 number of experts from outside, including two experts on artificial intelligence and the chief 145 00:17:30.599 --> 00:17:37.759 scientists a UN agencies and namely ITU and UNESCODE that have been very active in 146 00:17:37.759 --> 00:17:48.960 this regard. It is also my intention immediately after the summit, the STG 147 00:17:49.039 --> 00:17:52.759 summit, and as you know, there is a very strong commitment by member 148 00:17:52.839 --> 00:17:57.920 states to make sure that the STG summit is the central summit of our meetings 149 00:17:57.920 --> 00:18:04.200 in September, but immediately after it's my intention to create an I level advisory 150 00:18:04.200 --> 00:18:15.000 body on artificial intelligence to prepare seriously prepare the different kind of initiatives that we 151 00:18:15.119 --> 00:18:21.920 would be able to take. So on the other hand, I would be 152 00:18:22.039 --> 00:18:26.400 looking favorably into any initiative a Member states. This is one of the areas 153 00:18:26.440 --> 00:18:32.000 that has been already discussed by several sectors. Of course, it depends on 154 00:18:32.119 --> 00:18:36.839 Member states initiatives, but I would be favorable to the idea that we could 155 00:18:36.880 --> 00:18:44.079 have an artificial intelligence an agency with I would say I was inspired by what 156 00:18:44.200 --> 00:18:48.680 the International Agency of Atomic Energy is today. So I do believe that there 157 00:18:48.720 --> 00:18:55.240 are a number of things that it is important to move forward. They require, 158 00:18:55.279 --> 00:18:59.359 of course, some of them initiative a Member states, others, good 159 00:18:59.359 --> 00:19:03.039 will of the parties, and we will try to be in the center of 160 00:19:03.319 --> 00:19:08.880 all the networks and movements that will be created in order to make this agenda 161 00:19:10.079 --> 00:19:17.039 move forwards. Knowing that it's not easy to move forward in an agenda in 162 00:19:17.079 --> 00:19:25.400 which I've been saying it many times. The world has not invested sufficiently in 163 00:19:25.440 --> 00:19:30.680 the last decades in the quality of public administrations, and today we feel how 164 00:19:30.759 --> 00:19:37.160 difficult it is for states and for international organizations to compete from the scientific and 165 00:19:37.279 --> 00:19:42.200 technical point of view with the platforms that in between have acquired an enormous potential 166 00:19:42.240 --> 00:19:47.599 and an enormous knowledge. So this is not going to be an easy question. 167 00:19:47.720 --> 00:19:56.920 It also requires the commitment of the platforms themselves and AI creators themselves. 168 00:19:56.960 --> 00:20:03.440 But we will do our best to be a platform where everybody can be together 169 00:20:03.119 --> 00:20:08.440 in order to make this agenda advanced positively. Just as a quick follow up, 170 00:20:08.519 --> 00:20:17.839 could you expand on how you would envision this agency like the IAEA for 171 00:20:18.400 --> 00:20:23.720 artificial As I said, this is the this is something that depends on member 172 00:20:23.759 --> 00:20:27.960 states will only member states can create it, not a secretariat of the United 173 00:20:29.079 --> 00:20:34.720 Nations. But what I said is that this has been discussed in different platforms. 174 00:20:34.759 --> 00:20:40.119 This is something I would see positively. What is the advantage of the 175 00:20:40.160 --> 00:20:48.680 IAA is that it is a very solid knowledge based institution and at the same 176 00:20:48.720 --> 00:20:55.720 time, even if limited, it has some regulatary functions. So I believe 177 00:20:55.839 --> 00:20:59.880 this is a model that could be very interesting. Linda, then James, 178 00:21:00.200 --> 00:21:08.960 Linda Fasulo NPR. My question is you mentioned, of course business and countries 179 00:21:10.000 --> 00:21:15.079 that have closed down Internet services. So you have democracies basically trying to make 180 00:21:15.119 --> 00:21:18.759 money watching their state, you know, with their stock market prices rise. 181 00:21:18.279 --> 00:21:25.240 You have non democratic societies that are turning turning down their Internet. How do 182 00:21:25.319 --> 00:21:29.519 you see you know, this approach seems so disparate, and how you deal 183 00:21:29.559 --> 00:21:33.799 with each side? What do you see as the first steps in terms of 184 00:21:33.839 --> 00:21:37.480 what really needs to be done, because you have to obviously take different approaches. 185 00:21:37.759 --> 00:21:40.920 So I was just wondering how that would work. I don't think that 186 00:21:41.079 --> 00:21:45.240 is the first step. I think all steps are necessary, and the question 187 00:21:45.400 --> 00:21:52.880 is here, it is not easy to establish a regulatory framework like the ones 188 00:21:52.920 --> 00:22:00.680 that exist in areas that do not evolve very quickly. It is practically impossible 189 00:22:00.720 --> 00:22:06.640 to establish a solid regulatory framework in each everything is decided forever. This doesn't 190 00:22:06.720 --> 00:22:11.079 work in something that moves so quickly, So we need to have some inter 191 00:22:11.200 --> 00:22:18.160 governmental processes defining some red lines. To give an example, I've been consistently 192 00:22:18.200 --> 00:22:26.519 appealing for the prohibition of autonomous weapons happens that are able to kill without human 193 00:22:27.200 --> 00:22:33.119 agency. Has been my appeal. This is the kind of regulatory framework that 194 00:22:33.200 --> 00:22:38.400 can only be done by member states if they want to have international law in 195 00:22:38.440 --> 00:22:42.519 relation to this. So there are areas where international law is possible, depending 196 00:22:42.759 --> 00:22:47.359 on the wiel of member states to establish it. But there are areas where 197 00:22:47.359 --> 00:22:53.279 things move so quickly that if you establish a set of norms today, they 198 00:22:53.279 --> 00:22:59.000 will probably be outdated tomorrow. So we need a process, a constant process 199 00:22:59.039 --> 00:23:07.000 of intervention of the different stakeholders working together to permanently establish a number of soft 200 00:23:07.559 --> 00:23:15.839 law mechanisms, a number of I would say norms, codes of conduct and 201 00:23:17.079 --> 00:23:22.200 others. And it is in that approach of trying to bring together the different 202 00:23:22.240 --> 00:23:30.240 actors that will be working and this code of conduct that we intend to prepare 203 00:23:30.400 --> 00:23:34.119 and that will be issued before the Summit of the Future and then my authority 204 00:23:34.799 --> 00:23:40.519 is something in which we hope, with the consultations that will be established before 205 00:23:41.039 --> 00:23:48.039 and with its nature, we hope it will be supported and commitments will be 206 00:23:48.079 --> 00:23:55.160 made based on it by governments, by platforms, by advertisers, and by 207 00:23:55.400 --> 00:24:00.640 civil society organizations. James Den Pam James Space from Out Zero Secretary Journal. 208 00:24:00.720 --> 00:24:04.279 You've been speaking about AI for quite a long time, and I'm sure i've 209 00:24:04.319 --> 00:24:08.039 been thinking about it as well. In your opening statement, you quoted scientists 210 00:24:08.079 --> 00:24:11.960 and experts saying that it could be a risk as high as nuclear war. 211 00:24:14.240 --> 00:24:17.279 Some are also though, saying that it could cure cancer. So, just 212 00:24:17.359 --> 00:24:22.480 like your assessment, what do you think are the challenges and the opportunities of 213 00:24:22.559 --> 00:24:26.480 AI. I think the opportunities are immense. If you look at health, 214 00:24:27.119 --> 00:24:33.680 if you look at environment, if you look at education, what AI can 215 00:24:34.000 --> 00:24:41.839 produce can be an extremely important factor to make the sustainable development goals a reality. 216 00:24:41.359 --> 00:24:51.480 So AI as an enormous potential. But it is clear that AI as 217 00:24:51.519 --> 00:24:56.440 a serious problem, which is the possible removal of human agency, and that 218 00:24:56.599 --> 00:25:03.480 for me is the central question. It is absolutely essential that human agency remains 219 00:25:03.599 --> 00:25:12.640 present in everything that is built with artificial intelligence, and the risk is, 220 00:25:12.680 --> 00:25:22.920 of course, if that principle is put aside completely. Now, when I 221 00:25:22.039 --> 00:25:27.039 look into these testimonies, I take them seriously. But as I said in 222 00:25:27.079 --> 00:25:33.680 the beginning, the fact that we look at catastrophic consequences might come from artificial 223 00:25:33.720 --> 00:25:41.119 intelligence in the future should not distract us from what's happening today in the digital 224 00:25:41.200 --> 00:25:45.640 world that is contributing to people being killed, to human rights be violated, 225 00:25:45.960 --> 00:25:56.839 to our privacy being completely destroyed, and for the data that is produced by 226 00:25:57.079 --> 00:26:03.119 us to fully escape or control. So many things are happening today that we 227 00:26:03.160 --> 00:26:07.960 need to deal with, but at the same time we need to do everything 228 00:26:08.000 --> 00:26:15.839 possible to make sure that the future evolution of AI doesn't go into the logic 229 00:26:15.000 --> 00:26:21.599 that completely abolishes human agency and creates a monster that nobody will be able to 230 00:26:21.599 --> 00:26:25.759 control. Pamed and Maggie, thank you very much. Steff, thank you, 231 00:26:25.799 --> 00:26:30.440 Secretary General. It's Pamela fa from CBS News could to see you and 232 00:26:30.599 --> 00:26:38.880 hear about this. My question is about the inputs. Have you spoken with 233 00:26:40.039 --> 00:26:47.759 most of the AI generating digital platforms, how supportive are they? And to 234 00:26:47.920 --> 00:26:55.000 the ds she as well, how supportive are they of this? Many of 235 00:26:55.039 --> 00:27:03.519 my colleagues have mentioned or a few the AI Open AI proposal for UN agency 236 00:27:03.599 --> 00:27:10.880 to be involved. And how concerned are you in that context that the governments 237 00:27:10.920 --> 00:27:15.680 are now being pulled in to regulate this. I mean you were a Prime 238 00:27:15.720 --> 00:27:21.519 minister. We know that governments are not where AI principally was developed. So 239 00:27:21.920 --> 00:27:27.240 are you in any way concerned about government interference in the development in this code? 240 00:27:27.440 --> 00:27:33.640 Thank you? First of all, we had recently in our Senior Management 241 00:27:33.680 --> 00:27:40.880 Group a meeting in which the CEO of open AI was together with several other 242 00:27:41.000 --> 00:27:48.599 experts and we were discussing seriously these questions. And it is interestingct to see 243 00:27:49.039 --> 00:27:56.119 that today those that are in the frontline of the development of AI are the 244 00:27:56.160 --> 00:28:02.000 first to say that regulation is needed. Now it's not clear what exactly some 245 00:28:02.039 --> 00:28:07.559 of them mean, but it is obvious that there is an understanding that what 246 00:28:07.680 --> 00:28:11.599 they are developing as some risks and that those risks need to be contained. 247 00:28:11.400 --> 00:28:19.960 Now. I don't think this problem can be solved by saying you regulate and 248 00:28:21.039 --> 00:28:25.920 we don't care, we will follow the regulations. It's too complicated for that. 249 00:28:26.200 --> 00:28:33.079 I think both governments and platforms and developers, scientists and the civil society 250 00:28:33.599 --> 00:28:38.119 need to be together to find ways in which there is a consensus on how 251 00:28:38.200 --> 00:28:44.319 we can move in the right direction. So it's not enough. It would 252 00:28:44.319 --> 00:28:48.480 be a disaster to say we don't want to be regulated, we want to 253 00:28:48.480 --> 00:28:52.680 do it as we like. It would also be a disaster to say now 254 00:28:52.720 --> 00:28:56.799 government should regulate and we do what we want. No. I think there 255 00:28:56.880 --> 00:29:03.440 is a common responsibility here. This is too big to be handled without a 256 00:29:03.559 --> 00:29:08.519 stronger engagement of all parties, and there is a lot that needs to be 257 00:29:08.440 --> 00:29:15.359 brought together. I must say I've listened to several scientists. I've listened to 258 00:29:15.480 --> 00:29:21.599 several I mean people involved in these platforms themselves, and it is clear that 259 00:29:22.240 --> 00:29:26.759 there is a lot to be done to reach a common understanding about how we 260 00:29:26.799 --> 00:29:33.440 can move forward to the benefit of humankind and avoiding the risks that are still 261 00:29:33.480 --> 00:29:37.599 oppening. Maggie, already happening, so not still Thank you Maggie. Then 262 00:29:37.640 --> 00:29:42.160 Michelle, good morning, Secretary General. It's Margaret Pischier, Voice of America. 263 00:29:42.480 --> 00:29:48.240 Secretary General. When do you envision this code of conduct going into effect? 264 00:29:48.720 --> 00:29:52.319 And what's the reaction been from the member states you've consulted with about it? 265 00:29:52.480 --> 00:29:56.079 And if I could just ask you separately. On Sudan, the fighting 266 00:29:56.079 --> 00:30:00.960 has resumed. The twenty fourth hour ceasefire has ended. Mister has been declared 267 00:30:00.960 --> 00:30:06.640 persona on garda. Is there any realistic, effective political role for the United 268 00:30:06.720 --> 00:30:11.880 Nations right now in Sudan? Of course there is. I mean, there 269 00:30:11.000 --> 00:30:18.440 is a massive engagement of the UN in relation to the humanitarian aid in Sudan. 270 00:30:19.200 --> 00:30:25.799 All our agencies are deeply involved. The Deputy as is in Sudan coordinating 271 00:30:25.839 --> 00:30:30.960 that effort and at the same time we will be as we said since the 272 00:30:30.000 --> 00:30:37.559 beginning, supporting an African solution for the problem, supporting the African Union and 273 00:30:37.599 --> 00:30:41.680 supporting the EGAD, and we will be totally committed to do it. We 274 00:30:41.759 --> 00:30:45.359 don't intend to have any protagonism. We never did. We are here to 275 00:30:45.480 --> 00:30:52.480 support the African solutions for the Sudanese problem. So you don't see a primary 276 00:30:52.599 --> 00:30:56.000 role then for the United Nations. Since the beginning, we have said that 277 00:30:56.160 --> 00:31:00.200 we are there and we are parts as you know, of the initiative that 278 00:31:00.240 --> 00:31:06.799 the African Union recently launched, and there was a mechanism that was created to 279 00:31:06.880 --> 00:31:11.079 which we belong and we are there to essential from the beginning to essentially support 280 00:31:11.519 --> 00:31:17.440 an African initiative that can lead to a solution, hopefully a solution of the 281 00:31:17.480 --> 00:31:26.759 problem, with of course, our deep condemnation by all the killings and the 282 00:31:26.119 --> 00:31:34.279 violence that is taking place. Coming back to sorry, this is the first 283 00:31:34.119 --> 00:31:38.519 part of when you expect this code of conduct to go into effect and what's 284 00:31:38.559 --> 00:31:44.279 the reactions. So the code of conduct now we have presented these set of 285 00:31:44.319 --> 00:31:49.000 principles based on the set of principles. Will conduct a number of important consultations 286 00:31:49.480 --> 00:31:56.960 with governments, with the platforms, with the scientists, with civil society, 287 00:31:56.599 --> 00:32:02.039 and it's my intention to issue the Code of Conduct after all these consultations before 288 00:32:02.400 --> 00:32:06.839 the Summit of the Future. The Code of Conduct is not something to be 289 00:32:06.880 --> 00:32:12.759 approved by the General Assembly. It is something that will to be our contribution 290 00:32:13.799 --> 00:32:19.039 and we hope, of course that that contribution can be useful for all parties, 291 00:32:19.079 --> 00:32:23.759 for governments, for platforms, for serial society, for scientists, and 292 00:32:24.039 --> 00:32:31.720 for those that advertise in platforms and have a very important role to play. 293 00:32:31.839 --> 00:32:37.880 Michelle, then Allen, thank you. Secretary General Michelle Nichols from Routers. 294 00:32:37.319 --> 00:32:42.920 I need to ask you about Ukraine while we have you, how concerned you 295 00:32:42.960 --> 00:32:49.079 that Russia will quit the Black say Grindal next month? And on the use 296 00:32:49.079 --> 00:32:52.240 of drones in Ukraine. The US and others have accused the Run of supplying 297 00:32:52.319 --> 00:32:59.680 Russia with drones for use in Ukraine. Your report on the implementation of Resolution 298 00:32:59.759 --> 00:33:04.079 to two three one is due to go to the Council shortly. What has 299 00:33:04.119 --> 00:33:08.880 that determined regarding the wreckage of drones found in Ukraine? Where where they made? 300 00:33:09.319 --> 00:33:13.799 Who sent them? Did you send experts to inspect them. Thank you 301 00:33:14.799 --> 00:33:21.000 so First of all, I am concerned and we are working hard in order 302 00:33:21.039 --> 00:33:27.119 to make sure that it will be possible to maintain the Black Sea initiative and 303 00:33:27.240 --> 00:33:30.559 at the same time that we are able to go one in our work to 304 00:33:30.599 --> 00:33:42.039 facilitate Russian exports. We will be making our report following strictly the norms that 305 00:33:42.200 --> 00:33:50.119 were established in the resolution for the elaboration of reports. Thank you Alan so 306 00:33:50.200 --> 00:33:54.720 much. Alan Bugati from Rihanna Agustinias Agency, Mister Secretary General. In your 307 00:33:55.000 --> 00:34:01.319 draft Code of Conduct, you mentioned you're mentioning the fight with misinformation and disinformation. 308 00:34:01.960 --> 00:34:07.199 What kind of body or framework do you propose to judge where is the 309 00:34:07.360 --> 00:34:13.920 true and where is the misinformation? Who should do that? I think all 310 00:34:14.039 --> 00:34:22.880 are needed for that. It is important that platforms have their own systems that 311 00:34:23.039 --> 00:34:30.039 are able to filter disinformation and misinformation. It is important that the civil society 312 00:34:30.199 --> 00:34:36.920 is attentive to this. It is important that users are themselves empowered in this 313 00:34:37.079 --> 00:34:43.679 regard, and it is important that governments established, as it was the case 314 00:34:43.760 --> 00:34:52.079 of the European Union, some mechanisms that are possible in regulatory frameworks that being 315 00:34:52.119 --> 00:34:57.719 difficult at least we have a demonstration that they are possible to a certain extent. 316 00:34:58.039 --> 00:35:01.519 So everybody must be involved, and advertisers have a key role to play 317 00:35:02.320 --> 00:35:08.880 in order to make sure that they do not advertise in ways that support the 318 00:35:09.280 --> 00:35:14.559 expansion of misinformation. Yvonne, then Joe and they will have to close. 319 00:35:14.559 --> 00:35:24.800 It's actually Irish Media RTE. Thank you very much for this briefing. My 320 00:35:24.920 --> 00:35:31.639 question is about disinformation, which is often an accusation leveled against journalists, especially 321 00:35:32.000 --> 00:35:37.039 those operating in authoritarian states. How do you come up with a code of 322 00:35:37.119 --> 00:35:45.880 conduct that protects journalists without handing another stick to authoritarian governments to be journalists with 323 00:35:47.280 --> 00:36:00.119 One of the principles that is in the preparation of the kind of conduct is 324 00:36:00.119 --> 00:36:10.280 is the support for independent media. And one of the concerns that these set 325 00:36:10.320 --> 00:36:17.440 of principles established is that this should not be a pretext to limit freedom of 326 00:36:17.480 --> 00:36:24.360 information and that it's essential to support and protect journalists in this contact. It's 327 00:36:24.440 --> 00:36:31.679 not if you look at misinformation and disinformation. Let's be frank, this is 328 00:36:31.679 --> 00:36:37.280 not the product of journalism. This is the product of people that are interested 329 00:36:37.719 --> 00:36:45.360 in for political reasons, for economic reasons, or for other kinds of interests 330 00:36:45.400 --> 00:36:53.840 that are interested in leading the public into a complete misperception of the challenges that 331 00:36:53.880 --> 00:37:01.639 we face in today's world societies freely and openly, but not in authoritarian ones. 332 00:37:02.360 --> 00:37:07.079 So how do you address that issue? Because authoritarianism is clearly growing. 333 00:37:07.159 --> 00:37:14.320 Our position has been very clear condemning strongly all violations of human rights of journalists, 334 00:37:14.559 --> 00:37:17.800 and this is an area where we will go on very actively condemning. 335 00:37:17.920 --> 00:37:24.119 And we know that more journalists have been killed last year than ever in recent 336 00:37:24.159 --> 00:37:28.159 times, I think forty percent more than in the previous year. And this 337 00:37:28.320 --> 00:37:31.719 is just the most radicals. We have Imprisonment, we have harassment, we 338 00:37:31.760 --> 00:37:36.199 have all those things, and these are areas, very strong areas of our 339 00:37:36.239 --> 00:37:39.920 advocacy. But of course it's not in our power to change the nature of 340 00:37:40.320 --> 00:37:47.239 governments. That I'm not yet able to select the governments around the world. 341 00:37:47.320 --> 00:37:52.960 But this is not I have not yet that capacity, Joe, and I 342 00:37:52.960 --> 00:37:58.880 don't think I should have, you know, Joseph Kleient, Canada, Free 343 00:37:58.920 --> 00:38:05.519 Press, and thank you serve for this briefing. A number of tech executives, 344 00:38:06.360 --> 00:38:13.119 including some AI innovators, have called for a pause in the very rapid 345 00:38:13.920 --> 00:38:21.559 development of AI technology before it gets completely out of control, so that scientists 346 00:38:21.599 --> 00:38:30.119 and policymakers can assess where this is going and perhaps suggests some guard rails, 347 00:38:30.239 --> 00:38:37.960 possibly including human agency. Do you support such a pause and do you see 348 00:38:38.039 --> 00:38:49.199 the board that you are setting up including AI scientists as helping in that process 349 00:38:49.960 --> 00:38:58.519 of educating during such a pause. I think a pause can be an instinct 350 00:38:58.519 --> 00:39:02.880 idea, but I don't think a pause will solve the problem because we all 351 00:39:02.920 --> 00:39:07.519 know of situations in which that is a pause and then everything goes on the 352 00:39:07.599 --> 00:39:13.559 same. I think that independently of the fact that the pause being a positive 353 00:39:13.920 --> 00:39:17.079 possible idea, we need to make sure that we move forward and they move 354 00:39:17.159 --> 00:39:21.920 forward as quickly as possible in all the other mechanisms that we have been discussing. 355 00:39:22.719 --> 00:39:24.079 Thank you very much, sir, Thank you, Melissa, thank you, 356 00:39:31.559 --> 00:39:37.679 Okay, thank you for listening today. Final thought, Be responsible and 357 00:39:37.800 --> 00:39:42.760 what is it you're sharing. Make sure that it is definitely fact based, 358 00:39:42.920 --> 00:39:49.000 or say it is a pinion based and or there may be some misrepresentation in 359 00:39:49.039 --> 00:39:52.320 there, and point people in the direction so that they can go make up 360 00:39:52.360 --> 00:40:04.320 their own mind. We have a responsibility, yeah, as broadcasters, podcasters, 361 00:40:04.559 --> 00:40:14.960 bloggers to our listeners, our readers, our viewers, that we give 362 00:40:15.000 --> 00:40:21.559 them accurate information and make sure that they can make up their own minds, 363 00:40:21.760 --> 00:40:29.679 and that we aren't just simply spreading propaganda that's going to hurt people. So 364 00:40:30.440 --> 00:40:35.840 with that being said, please go and find that subscribe button so you can 365 00:40:35.840 --> 00:40:39.519 get continued updates from us here at Depictions Media Radio and from this particular show 366 00:40:39.639 --> 00:41:36.719 Policy and Rites m H. The show has been produced by Depictions Media. 367 00:41:37.639 --> 00:41:45.920 Please contact us at depictions dot media for more information. M