WEBVTT 1 00:00:21.719 --> 00:00:27.480 Here I am sitting on the beginning of the Memorial Day weekend. If you're 2 00:00:27.719 --> 00:00:32.359 in the United States, we get a three day weekend, kind of nice 3 00:00:32.399 --> 00:00:40.119 Saturday, Sunday, Monday. You know, people do barbecues and have people 4 00:00:40.240 --> 00:00:45.719 visit and relatives come over and you meet with friends. It's a holiday. 5 00:00:46.000 --> 00:00:49.719 It's a holiday in the States, and you know, we all need a 6 00:00:49.719 --> 00:00:53.960 holiday. We work too much. We don't take enough time off. So 7 00:00:54.399 --> 00:00:57.960 and I was thinking, you know, hopefully you had a chance to listen 8 00:00:58.000 --> 00:01:03.880 to our thirtieth of Ury podcast with Jen Dale. Jen opened the show. 9 00:01:03.159 --> 00:01:08.799 Always good to talk to her. But one of the things I discovered is 10 00:01:08.840 --> 00:01:14.319 I, you know, I only kind of picked and chose a few people 11 00:01:15.040 --> 00:01:19.480 a few podcasts over the years, but one of the real regulars and a 12 00:01:19.519 --> 00:01:25.560 friend of mine, is Renald Carlson. And you know, I didn't put 13 00:01:25.640 --> 00:01:30.359 him on there. I don't know why. I just for some reason I 14 00:01:30.439 --> 00:01:38.519 left him out. And he is just so dynamic and such a well of 15 00:01:38.560 --> 00:01:45.400 information. And I got to say this that we were talking the other day 16 00:01:46.079 --> 00:01:51.239 before we did the interview for today, and I was thinking, you know, 17 00:01:51.280 --> 00:01:53.599 how far back do we go? When did I first meet you? 18 00:01:53.719 --> 00:02:00.280 When we first start start to start talking twenty eighteen, so he goes way 19 00:02:00.319 --> 00:02:07.959 back and he's definitely one of the best of the best, consistently excellent material. 20 00:02:08.319 --> 00:02:13.680 Anything i'd ask him, he's got, like just again, He's just 21 00:02:14.120 --> 00:02:21.919 a reservoir of data and research that he has consumed and then presents it in 22 00:02:22.000 --> 00:02:29.439 a very palatable manner that most people really enjoy. And so I want to 23 00:02:29.479 --> 00:02:35.280 just send out a praise to him. And if you're listening, Randall, 24 00:02:35.400 --> 00:02:44.919 this is uh praise for you and your work, and we're featuring you this 25 00:02:45.039 --> 00:02:50.280 week, so it all makes sense, it all works well, and I 26 00:02:50.400 --> 00:02:58.680 just want to remind you listeners that if you haven't heard from or about Randall 27 00:02:58.759 --> 00:03:04.360 Carlson, he's somebody you should get to know. I think he really is 28 00:03:05.919 --> 00:03:10.159 a classic anomalist, or he really is. He looks and he can probe 29 00:03:10.479 --> 00:03:19.280 and extract data on a given subject that isn't typically known, isn't typically discussed, 30 00:03:19.639 --> 00:03:22.479 And I've been twisting his arm for a couple of years now to get 31 00:03:22.520 --> 00:03:25.439 a book completed. I don't know. I mean a book from him would 32 00:03:25.479 --> 00:03:31.639 be something like Forbidden Archaeology. If you have not seen Michael Krimo's book Forbidden 33 00:03:31.719 --> 00:03:36.120 Archaeology. You got to get a copy. The issue with that book is 34 00:03:36.120 --> 00:03:39.520 it's over five hundred pages. It's huge. It's like a bible. It's 35 00:03:39.560 --> 00:03:49.479 like a dictionary of anomalies from around the world that he and Thompson put together. 36 00:03:50.080 --> 00:03:54.400 It's been over ten twenty years now. So Randall would be the same 37 00:03:54.439 --> 00:04:00.560 type of author I believe, where he would just let it go, let 38 00:04:00.639 --> 00:04:06.879 it loose, and just in bellish and bellish and bellish, you know so. 39 00:04:08.879 --> 00:04:13.479 But that being said, if you haven't heard of Randall Cross and go 40 00:04:13.520 --> 00:04:18.079 to Renaldcarlson dot com check out his website, and today we're going to talk 41 00:04:18.079 --> 00:04:24.639 about the Younger Driest. And by the way, he is a featured presenter 42 00:04:24.759 --> 00:04:31.879 at the Cosmic Summit conference June fifteenth and sixteenth, Saturday and Sunday, and 43 00:04:31.959 --> 00:04:40.560 of course we're a media sponsor of that. But if you can't get to 44 00:04:41.199 --> 00:04:46.800 that conference in North Carolina, Greensboro, North Carolina, check out the streaming 45 00:04:46.879 --> 00:04:55.160 media. His slides presentations are so good and they're so diverse that his talks 46 00:04:55.240 --> 00:05:01.759 are really cutting edge because he's constantly providing slide or visual presentations to support his 47 00:05:02.439 --> 00:05:11.040 material. So for more information, on that go to Cosmicsummit dot com, 48 00:05:11.120 --> 00:05:17.240 Forward Slash Earth Ancients and sign up for the streaming presentation. You can watch 49 00:05:17.279 --> 00:05:23.000 it on your laptop, your desktop, if you have a digital TV, 50 00:05:23.279 --> 00:05:28.000 or you have one of those systems where you can plug in your laptop or 51 00:05:28.079 --> 00:05:33.959 directly to the internet watch it on your TV. It's really a great way 52 00:05:34.160 --> 00:05:39.480 to enjoy a presentation. And I say this all the time. If and 53 00:05:39.560 --> 00:05:43.639 when there is a conference in your area, in your state or close by 54 00:05:43.720 --> 00:05:48.000 to where you live, try to get to it physically. Graham Hancock, 55 00:05:49.040 --> 00:05:55.079 Robert Shock, Randall Carlson, Michael Kremo. Many of the people we have 56 00:05:55.160 --> 00:06:00.600 on our program are on lecture tours or they'll do seasonal lectures, and if 57 00:06:00.639 --> 00:06:06.120 they're not in your area, sign up for the streaming presentation. The technology 58 00:06:06.240 --> 00:06:12.680 now is so good, it's like you're right there. It is so good. 59 00:06:12.680 --> 00:06:15.199 Well, I have to say this, if the camera operator is good, 60 00:06:15.319 --> 00:06:19.519 the present is gonna be good. I've seen some that are that are 61 00:06:19.600 --> 00:06:24.959 a little off, but for the most part, when they say live streaming, 62 00:06:25.319 --> 00:06:29.439 it's like you're right there, it's like you're right there. And the 63 00:06:29.560 --> 00:06:33.040 Cosmic Summit streaming package is fifty bucks a day. It's two, it's two 64 00:06:33.120 --> 00:06:39.959 days for one hundred bucks. That is cheap. It's unheard of. And 65 00:06:40.000 --> 00:06:45.319 if you want to see more details, go to Cosmicsummit dot com, forward 66 00:06:45.319 --> 00:06:49.439 slash Earth Ancients and do the streaming. So Randall Carlson is a great, 67 00:06:49.720 --> 00:06:55.800 great presenter, and again his slides are excellent, and you can't see him 68 00:06:55.920 --> 00:07:00.000 unless you're there, so check it out, all right. So our per 69 00:07:00.000 --> 00:07:06.360 program today is the Younger, Driest Impact, and my guest is Randall Carlson. 70 00:07:43.920 --> 00:07:47.519 Marthasius is a sponsor of the upcoming Cosmic Summit that's going to be June 71 00:07:47.600 --> 00:07:55.120 fifteenth and sixteenth in Greensboro, North Carolina. And one of the keynotes is 72 00:07:55.360 --> 00:08:03.519 returning favorite of mine Randall Carlson, who will be speaking at this conference one 73 00:08:03.519 --> 00:08:07.720 of those days. Render which day are you speaking? You know? Gosh 74 00:08:07.800 --> 00:08:11.040 darn, I think I'm you're You're there both days, right, I'm there 75 00:08:11.079 --> 00:08:15.959 both days and then even Monday. I think I'm doing a I think we're 76 00:08:15.959 --> 00:08:18.639 calling it a classroom where I'm going to be hosting a special room for people 77 00:08:18.680 --> 00:08:24.839 who want to dive deeper into the subject matter. Excellent, excellent, as 78 00:08:24.839 --> 00:08:31.519 you know, Graham Hancock calls Rendell the rogue geologist, and his points of 79 00:08:31.600 --> 00:08:39.440 view are fabulous and actually open a lot of potential information that isn't typically covered 80 00:08:39.679 --> 00:08:45.559 at the academic level. And we want to talk a little bit about asteroid 81 00:08:45.600 --> 00:08:52.600 impacts. And I wanted to follow up on doctor Stephen collins book Discovering the 82 00:08:52.639 --> 00:08:58.240 City of Sodom. He doesn't really describe a great deal other than the impact 83 00:08:58.399 --> 00:09:03.919 of this De Stroit hit, what the devastation is, but he does talk 84 00:09:05.120 --> 00:09:16.840 about this black matt that is in that area of Jordan, And I'm just 85 00:09:16.000 --> 00:09:24.080 curious, Ryannald, what do we know about the extensive damage and the range 86 00:09:24.399 --> 00:09:28.639 of the impact. Do you have any idea? Yeah, you know, 87 00:09:28.720 --> 00:09:33.879 I read doctor Collins paper last year. In fact, I think I met 88 00:09:33.960 --> 00:09:39.399 him at the Summit Cosmic Summit last year. I think i'd already read his 89 00:09:39.519 --> 00:09:46.399 paper. It had come out around that time, and my memory of it 90 00:09:46.480 --> 00:09:48.759 was that it was a Tenguska like event, but perhaps even on a larger 91 00:09:48.799 --> 00:09:56.159 scale. And for your listeners, you know, Tenguska was the the event 92 00:09:56.200 --> 00:10:01.320 that happened in nineteen oh eight over Siberia on June third, and it was 93 00:10:01.720 --> 00:10:07.559 regionally very devastating. It was about the equivalent of a fifteen megaton hydrogen bomb 94 00:10:07.600 --> 00:10:13.440 and power released. Oh wow, yeah, that's that's that would be a 95 00:10:13.480 --> 00:10:18.720 fifteen megaton bomb would be enough to wipe out any major urban area on Earth. 96 00:10:20.559 --> 00:10:24.600 It wouldn't be globally catastrophic. But it did actually have global consequences that 97 00:10:24.639 --> 00:10:33.360 were registered. It affected the ode zone layer, It caused repercussions, seismic 98 00:10:33.440 --> 00:10:39.200 repercussions over a pretty broad area. It caused air pressure pulses to move around 99 00:10:39.200 --> 00:10:45.559 the planet several times. But people in Europe, for example, noticed that 100 00:10:45.600 --> 00:10:50.080 there were like that that evening after the event. They noticed that there was 101 00:10:50.159 --> 00:10:54.039 just weird lights in the sky, like over Europe, over Scandinavia, over 102 00:10:54.120 --> 00:11:01.799 northern Europe. They actually was so bright they could newspapers at midnight. And 103 00:11:01.840 --> 00:11:05.360 of course this is nineteen oh eight. There's not you know, the artificial 104 00:11:05.399 --> 00:11:09.000 light that you have now in urban areas, so they would have been pretty 105 00:11:09.080 --> 00:11:13.799 dark. So and that was probably because Tunguska was a piece of a comet 106 00:11:15.360 --> 00:11:18.480 and it came in and you know, from the direction of the sun. 107 00:11:18.679 --> 00:11:22.600 And one of the things that you may not realize is that when a comet 108 00:11:22.639 --> 00:11:28.720 is moving in orbit. There is a trail which is actually material, but 109 00:11:28.799 --> 00:11:35.720 then there's the tail, which is gaseous. The tail is actually its direction 110 00:11:35.399 --> 00:11:41.399 is determined by the solar wind, so the tail of the comet is always 111 00:11:41.559 --> 00:11:46.159 pointed away from the Sun. Now, in the morning of June thirtieth, 112 00:11:46.279 --> 00:11:50.519 nineteen oh eight, this the if you want to call it, use the 113 00:11:50.080 --> 00:11:56.360 generic all encompassing term buwll eyde. The bull eye came from the direction of 114 00:11:56.360 --> 00:12:00.919 the sun. It was right after sunrise, matter of fact. And the 115 00:12:00.960 --> 00:12:05.919 object came was probably part of the Torred meteor stream which the Earth was crossing 116 00:12:07.840 --> 00:12:11.000 at that time of year, which the Earth crosses the Torred media stream twice 117 00:12:11.039 --> 00:12:16.240 each year. So if you can picture this, the object is coming from 118 00:12:16.279 --> 00:12:20.919 the sun. The Sun is behind it right, so the tail is streaming 119 00:12:20.960 --> 00:12:28.159 out in front of the object. So that means the gaseous tail came into 120 00:12:28.159 --> 00:12:35.879 the atmosphere first. And I think the dominant interpretation of the light nights over 121 00:12:35.960 --> 00:12:43.120 Europe was because of the gaseous tail coming in before the object. And then 122 00:12:43.159 --> 00:12:48.039 when and the other important point about the tengoose object. And I believe this 123 00:12:48.120 --> 00:12:52.080 is the case for the bowlight over teal almam as well. Is it did 124 00:12:52.120 --> 00:12:56.559 not make ground impact. It exploded in the atmosphere. Now, I wanted 125 00:12:56.559 --> 00:13:01.799 to ask you about that. What's more devastating an air impact or a ground 126 00:13:01.840 --> 00:13:07.399 impact? Well, in terms of radius of destruction and air impact is going 127 00:13:07.440 --> 00:13:09.720 to be an air impact. Yeah. In fact, it's for that exact 128 00:13:09.759 --> 00:13:16.080 reason that when the atomic bombs were dropped on Japan, they were set to 129 00:13:16.200 --> 00:13:22.879 explode in the air, not upon ground impact, because the damage is worse. 130 00:13:22.279 --> 00:13:28.840 The damage is worse, and the fatalities would be worse because what happens 131 00:13:28.919 --> 00:13:33.120 is if it hits the ground, the ground is absorbing a lot of that 132 00:13:33.360 --> 00:13:39.639 energy. So seismically, you probably have more immediate effects from a ground impact. 133 00:13:39.120 --> 00:13:43.399 But you have to understand that the objects that Earth can encounter, there's 134 00:13:43.440 --> 00:13:50.200 a whole diverse variety of objects that if you can think of this cliff on 135 00:13:50.720 --> 00:13:56.120 the low end of the scale of density, objects are probably in the range 136 00:13:56.240 --> 00:14:01.080 of the same density as an ice cube right about water, which is about 137 00:14:01.120 --> 00:14:05.519 one grand per cubic centimeter. You go to the other end of the spectrum 138 00:14:05.960 --> 00:14:11.720 and you've got more like the density of cast iron. So imagine you're holding 139 00:14:11.759 --> 00:14:16.320 a block, say the size of a softball that's ice in one hand, 140 00:14:16.519 --> 00:14:22.000 and the same sized volume of cast iron in the other hand, obviously an 141 00:14:22.159 --> 00:14:28.840 enormous, very discernible difference in density. Now in between there you have a 142 00:14:28.840 --> 00:14:35.000 whole range. About halfway through you've got the stony asteroid. So now imagine 143 00:14:35.399 --> 00:14:39.480 a snowball or a piece of ice, a piece of cast iron, and 144 00:14:39.600 --> 00:14:43.159 just a standard rock like you might pick up alongside of a creek or a 145 00:14:43.240 --> 00:14:48.759 river or something. And so now you've got you've got a piece of a 146 00:14:48.799 --> 00:14:50.840 comet, which is going to be on the low end, low density end. 147 00:14:52.279 --> 00:14:54.480 You've got an iron asteroid, which is on the high density end. 148 00:14:54.840 --> 00:14:58.960 And then in the middle of the range you've got something that's more like you 149 00:14:58.000 --> 00:15:01.480 know, a standard rock, maybe three to three and a half grams per 150 00:15:01.519 --> 00:15:07.279 cubic centimeter. Now, the low density objects, unless they get pretty darn 151 00:15:07.320 --> 00:15:11.919 big, and I think the range is right around five hundred to one thousand 152 00:15:11.960 --> 00:15:18.080 feet, they won't reach the ground because that low density they've fragment much sooner 153 00:15:18.080 --> 00:15:22.279 in the atmosphere. Now they're moving it generally at hypervelocity speeds, so as 154 00:15:22.320 --> 00:15:26.440 it's coming in you could almost think of it as like piling the atmosphere up 155 00:15:26.440 --> 00:15:31.399 in front of it, and it really almost you ever done a belly flop? 156 00:15:31.039 --> 00:15:35.720 You know they've've done a belly flop. Yeah. I was going to 157 00:15:35.759 --> 00:15:39.120 actually suggest, if I'd known the subject matter, I would have asked you 158 00:15:39.159 --> 00:15:45.879 if you could go out maybe record a belly flop. But right, so 159 00:15:46.360 --> 00:15:52.000 you basically hit the water. It's almost like hitting a solid right but it 160 00:15:52.039 --> 00:15:56.679 all depends on your velocity. So on the low end you could have a 161 00:15:56.720 --> 00:16:00.360 piece of ice coming in. That's really almost like a fragment of a comet, 162 00:16:00.480 --> 00:16:08.399 because comets tend to be mostly ice right and then once and like Tunguska, 163 00:16:08.440 --> 00:16:11.399 they're going to not strike the ground, They're going to blow up in 164 00:16:11.399 --> 00:16:15.519 the atmosphere. The Goods got most of the estimates I've seen for teen Goose 165 00:16:15.559 --> 00:16:19.840 Card that it blew up at about five miles up in the up in the 166 00:16:19.879 --> 00:16:26.159 atmosphere. Remember Charlie Abinsk, which was February, was the twenty thirteen that 167 00:16:26.159 --> 00:16:32.720 that that damaged the city in Russia. You remember that, I vaguely remember 168 00:16:33.639 --> 00:16:38.200 thirteen or I think it was twenty thirteen it was, and that was an 169 00:16:38.240 --> 00:16:42.519 aerial burst and it could have been a lot more damaging. But it came 170 00:16:42.559 --> 00:16:47.440 in at a at a at a very oblique angle to the surface, and 171 00:16:47.480 --> 00:16:51.399 you can picture that. If you've got an object coming into the Earth's atmosphere 172 00:16:51.399 --> 00:16:55.399 at a low angle, it's got a lot more atmosphere it has to pass 173 00:16:55.440 --> 00:16:59.080 through than if it's coming in let's say, perpendicular to the surface. You 174 00:16:59.080 --> 00:17:03.000 can picture that right. The angle is going to mean it has to traverse 175 00:17:03.039 --> 00:17:07.720 through a lot more atmosphere, which means then that it's going to be less 176 00:17:07.759 --> 00:17:12.119 inclined to hit the ground. If it's coming perpendicular, boom, it could 177 00:17:12.240 --> 00:17:18.359 hit the ground. But so when you get into the stony asteroids, they 178 00:17:18.359 --> 00:17:22.359 can hit the ground. If you you know, have you ever visited the 179 00:17:22.400 --> 00:17:26.440 Media Crater near Winslow, Arizona. I have. I've driven by it, 180 00:17:26.599 --> 00:17:30.640 and that's one of the Media crater in Arizona. Is one of my questions 181 00:17:30.680 --> 00:17:37.799 for you is when those hit was what was the reaction on the Earth, 182 00:17:37.000 --> 00:17:45.440 because they're huge, well regionally, it was very destructive over several thousand square 183 00:17:45.480 --> 00:17:51.519 miles of the debris falling down, probably causing secondary fires and so on. 184 00:17:51.559 --> 00:17:56.519 Now this is nearly fifty thousand years ago when that happened, and that was 185 00:17:56.680 --> 00:18:00.960 an iron asteroid, right Tunguska was was probably a piece of a low density 186 00:18:02.039 --> 00:18:07.640 comet did not strike the earth. The blast wave blew down over eight hundred 187 00:18:07.680 --> 00:18:12.839 square miles of old growth Taiega forest. You may have seen the pictures. 188 00:18:14.160 --> 00:18:17.759 I can pull some up here. You know, there's a couple of really 189 00:18:17.799 --> 00:18:21.279 famous ones that you see a lot of in a lot of places where you 190 00:18:21.319 --> 00:18:26.519 see all the trees splayed out and yeah, and the blast wave came down 191 00:18:26.680 --> 00:18:34.039 and basically directly below the blast everything was incinerated, but the blast came down. 192 00:18:34.119 --> 00:18:41.599 In fact, there's a ring of trees around that zone of incineration where 193 00:18:41.640 --> 00:18:45.079 all the branches have been stripped off, and it's just almost like a ring 194 00:18:45.119 --> 00:18:48.920 of telephone poles. Then outside of that, the blast wave moved out horizontally, 195 00:18:49.240 --> 00:18:53.839 and that's where all the trees splayed outwards. So you can actually from 196 00:18:53.920 --> 00:19:00.160 the aerial reconstructions of the blast zone, you can determine pretty much right where 197 00:19:00.240 --> 00:19:06.759 the epicenter of the aerial blast was now eight hundred square miles like here were 198 00:19:07.200 --> 00:19:11.000 I lived near Atlanta, Georgia, and a lot of the major urban areas 199 00:19:11.039 --> 00:19:17.519 have perimeter highways around them, interstates that circle around them, Atlanta, Washington, 200 00:19:17.640 --> 00:19:19.640 d C. Do we have it here in the San Francisco Bay area 201 00:19:19.799 --> 00:19:26.160 too, Yeah, right, Okay, so in Atlanta and in Washington. 202 00:19:26.160 --> 00:19:29.160 I've looked at three or four of the cities. The area within the Perimeter 203 00:19:29.319 --> 00:19:37.880 Highway is roughly the same size as the area of destruction of the Tenguska detonation 204 00:19:37.079 --> 00:19:44.240 that occurred in nineteen oh eight. Now, there were people living within say, 205 00:19:44.279 --> 00:19:48.680 forty to fifty miles of the blast, who witnessed, witnessed the fiery 206 00:19:48.720 --> 00:19:52.680 object coming in, witnessed the blast, who were not killed. But there 207 00:19:52.680 --> 00:19:57.359 were people within twenty miles thirty miles of the epicenter who were like blown off 208 00:19:57.400 --> 00:20:03.039 their feet or just blown off their feet. Pardon me, Were they killed 209 00:20:03.160 --> 00:20:08.599 or don't? No, No, there's no evidence of anybody being directly killed 210 00:20:08.720 --> 00:20:15.440 by the blast, although Agusta, Okay, there were reindeer herders that perhaps 211 00:20:15.480 --> 00:20:21.640 got killed, but there was there's no record of it. There's no definitive 212 00:20:21.759 --> 00:20:26.319 evidence of anybody being directly killed. But apparently several people died in the aftermath 213 00:20:26.400 --> 00:20:32.720 from injuries, like one elderly fellow who was when the blast wave hit him. 214 00:20:32.720 --> 00:20:37.200 He was pretty far removed, so I mean he wasn't immediately killed, 215 00:20:37.200 --> 00:20:41.400 but he was blown like twenty or twenty five feet into a tree and suffered 216 00:20:41.119 --> 00:20:47.079 injuries that maybe he died from. There was a whole reindeer herd that was 217 00:20:47.119 --> 00:20:53.160 incinerated without a trace. But my understanding of the tele al Hamam event was 218 00:20:53.240 --> 00:20:57.000 that it was larger than Tangusta, but it still would have been a regional 219 00:20:57.079 --> 00:21:03.440 catastrophe. So, in other words, to our knowledge, no one was 220 00:21:03.480 --> 00:21:08.759 directly killed by the Tenguska event of nineteen oh eighth, and it was not 221 00:21:08.799 --> 00:21:15.039 really even explored and discovered by the scientific world until the late nineteen twenties when 222 00:21:15.119 --> 00:21:22.400 Leon and Kulik, very intrepid scientist and made a brutal journey to find the 223 00:21:22.039 --> 00:21:29.480 find the site. And there is an interesting story. It would make a 224 00:21:29.640 --> 00:21:36.039 very interesting Maybe a documentary has already done, but you can do a movie 225 00:21:36.039 --> 00:21:41.240 of that because the journey that he made to find that place was quite extraordinary. 226 00:21:42.319 --> 00:21:52.680 Is is there an understanding now that perhaps Earth and it's cosmos these other 227 00:21:52.720 --> 00:22:00.640 planets are cyclically or psychlically moving into asteroid belts at some period of time, 228 00:22:00.720 --> 00:22:04.680 like every three or four thousand years or something, because in a minute, 229 00:22:04.680 --> 00:22:10.039 I gonna ask you to explain this black matt that is very prevalent in the 230 00:22:10.200 --> 00:22:15.960 US, but it's also in other parts of the world that can be dated 231 00:22:15.759 --> 00:22:26.359 when there are asteroids asteroid hits that are that are terminating. So what do 232 00:22:26.400 --> 00:22:32.759 we know about passing through I guess you could call them asteroid belts or or 233 00:22:32.920 --> 00:22:37.119 well, okay, actually we aren't. We don't pass through the asteroid belt. 234 00:22:37.160 --> 00:22:41.599 That's a zone between Mars and Jupiter which is filled with asteroidal debris. 235 00:22:42.279 --> 00:22:48.279 However, there are Apollo asteroids that do. That's a special class of asteroid 236 00:22:48.359 --> 00:22:52.680 and they do cross the Earth. Now we mentioned earlier, I mentioned that 237 00:22:52.720 --> 00:22:59.720 the Tenguska object was probably a member of the tored media stream. Now I 238 00:22:59.759 --> 00:23:04.039 can and I can pull up some graphs here in a minute. So what's 239 00:23:04.079 --> 00:23:08.240 the Torren meteor stream? What's that? What is that something that we actually 240 00:23:08.680 --> 00:23:12.039 passed through every thousand years or something. No, we passed through it twice 241 00:23:12.079 --> 00:23:18.240 every year, twice a year. Yes, so this must be why there's 242 00:23:18.319 --> 00:23:25.400 these groups that are being developed that are somehow preparing us for How the hell 243 00:23:25.400 --> 00:23:29.200 do you prepare for an asteroid I don't know. Oh, I'm not sure 244 00:23:29.200 --> 00:23:33.759 what they're not. Well, I mean, I mean you would prepare you 245 00:23:34.680 --> 00:23:41.599 probably as you would for any environmental catastrophe. But yeah, I mean there's 246 00:23:41.640 --> 00:23:45.279 so many variables. You know, depends on the size, it depends on 247 00:23:45.799 --> 00:23:48.559 the composition, it depends on where in the world. I mean, a 248 00:23:48.640 --> 00:23:56.359 Tenguska type of vent would be regionally devastating, okay, and it would kill 249 00:23:56.440 --> 00:23:59.799 I mean, if you had a Teguska sized event over a major urban area 250 00:24:00.079 --> 00:24:02.559 where in the planet, let's say the East coast of the United States, 251 00:24:02.960 --> 00:24:07.400 over La over San Francisco, you would have probably several million fatalities. Yeah, 252 00:24:07.400 --> 00:24:12.440 but it wouldn't be a global catastrophe. Now, at what point do 253 00:24:12.519 --> 00:24:18.119 you get to the where you've got global consequences. You're probably looking at now 254 00:24:18.240 --> 00:24:22.680 a picture of this. The Tunguska object was estimated to be one hundred and 255 00:24:22.759 --> 00:24:29.519 twenty two one hundred and fifty feet in diameter. The object that struck Arizona 256 00:24:29.599 --> 00:24:34.440 and created the famous media crater outside of Winslow was about the same size. 257 00:24:34.920 --> 00:24:40.680 Right now, the difference between the two again, and this is important emphasize, 258 00:24:41.400 --> 00:24:47.519 Arizona Bowl Eyde was iron it struck the ground. Kingusca was low density, 259 00:24:47.599 --> 00:24:52.599 probably more like cometary ice blew up in the atmosphere. So with the 260 00:24:52.920 --> 00:24:57.799 Arizona object, it leaves this big crater in the earth that's now They're still 261 00:24:57.799 --> 00:25:04.000 there fifty thousand years later, another couple of centuries. You wouldn't know that 262 00:25:04.039 --> 00:25:11.240 the Tenguska object, that the Tenguska event even happened. If a Tenguska event 263 00:25:11.440 --> 00:25:15.880 happened five hundred years ago, one thousand, two thousand, and three thousand 264 00:25:15.960 --> 00:25:25.160 years ago, the evidence would probably be primarily oral traditions survivors of it taw 265 00:25:25.279 --> 00:25:27.759 and that's and it would find its way. Just One of the interesting things 266 00:25:27.799 --> 00:25:33.359 about the Tenguska event is it spawned a new religion amongst the Tungusi tribes. 267 00:25:33.759 --> 00:25:37.880 People up there, they believe, they believed now that they were being punished 268 00:25:37.960 --> 00:25:45.599 by the god of fire called Ogdy and the area was cursed that no one 269 00:25:47.000 --> 00:25:52.119 was even allowed to go there. And when Kulik I think made his first 270 00:25:52.160 --> 00:25:56.880 trip there in I believe it was nineteen twenty seven, he found one of 271 00:25:56.920 --> 00:26:03.559 the Tenguzi tribesmen to eyed him to the place. To the great consternation of 272 00:26:03.559 --> 00:26:08.079 his fellow tribesmen, and when he came back, my understanding was that they 273 00:26:08.240 --> 00:26:19.079 killed him for bringing an outsider into this person place. But so in terms 274 00:26:19.119 --> 00:26:22.640 of the damage, I mean, at what point do we get to say 275 00:26:22.799 --> 00:26:30.519 global scale events. Now Kunguska Barringer Crater in Arizona regionally devastating, but not 276 00:26:30.680 --> 00:26:34.680 globally. So if you're not you know, think of this. When that 277 00:26:36.759 --> 00:26:41.799 objects struck Arizona, which was not, of course Arizona the state, the 278 00:26:41.960 --> 00:26:47.000 consequences, the radius of that destruction was probably twenty to thirty miles out from 279 00:26:47.000 --> 00:26:49.799 the point of impact. Anything within that range probably would have died. So 280 00:26:49.839 --> 00:26:53.880 it's like an atomic bomb. Yeah, it would be like a well more 281 00:26:53.920 --> 00:27:00.319 like a hydrogen bomb walking up in the megaton range of devastation rather than the 282 00:27:00.400 --> 00:27:04.319 kilo ton range. So yeah, I mean, if you blow off a 283 00:27:04.359 --> 00:27:11.200 fifteen megaton hydrogen bomb over La, you'd have millions of casualties, but not 284 00:27:11.839 --> 00:27:18.559 counting the effects of the radiation cloud, you wouldn't have you wouldn't have casualties 285 00:27:18.599 --> 00:27:23.200 anywhere else. Now, at what point does an object get large enough to 286 00:27:23.400 --> 00:27:29.000 become globally devastating. Well you could argue about that, but certainly by the 287 00:27:29.039 --> 00:27:32.759 time it would get to a thousand to two thousand feet in diameter. Now 288 00:27:32.759 --> 00:27:37.480 you're talking about global consequences. Now an object is I say a thousand feet 289 00:27:37.480 --> 00:27:41.920 in diameter fifteen hundred feet in diameter. And I've worked out a lot of 290 00:27:41.960 --> 00:27:47.319 this with some of the various near misses we've had in recent times, you 291 00:27:47.359 --> 00:27:53.400 would have, say devastation on the size of a state like Oregon or Nevada. 292 00:27:53.519 --> 00:28:00.160 You could have that where everything is totally wiped out right, Everything within 293 00:28:00.240 --> 00:28:03.839 that range of you know, one hundred miles is going to be pretty much 294 00:28:03.880 --> 00:28:10.200 destroyed. People are not going to be instantly killed any outside that range of 295 00:28:10.240 --> 00:28:17.359 destruction. However, there will be global environmental consequences for example, like as 296 00:28:17.400 --> 00:28:22.039 a parallel, you know, you have you have debris thrown into the atmosphere 297 00:28:22.160 --> 00:28:27.440 very much like what happens during a great volcanic eruption and back. We can 298 00:28:27.559 --> 00:28:32.440 use this as as a parallel. In eighteen sixteen, it was called the 299 00:28:32.519 --> 00:28:37.480 Year without a Summer. Now, what happened there, It was a series 300 00:28:37.559 --> 00:28:47.079 of volcanic four volcanic eruptions between eighteen nine and eighteen fifteen, and before it 301 00:28:47.119 --> 00:28:52.839 would the volcanic debris would clear out from the atmosphere. From one volcanic eruption, 302 00:28:52.000 --> 00:28:56.880 there would be another one. It also happened at a time during a 303 00:28:56.880 --> 00:29:03.880 solar minimum, so it was already a cool time because of a relatively inactive 304 00:29:03.920 --> 00:29:07.079 sun. But you had these closely spaced. Three of them have been identified, 305 00:29:07.279 --> 00:29:11.680 they know where they were. The last one, which was probably the 306 00:29:11.720 --> 00:29:15.240 biggest one, was Tambora, which is down in Indonesia, and it was 307 00:29:15.279 --> 00:29:25.480 a devastating volcanic eruption and the result was that the atmosphere became overloaded with volcanic 308 00:29:25.599 --> 00:29:30.519 dust and sulfur dioxide things that's going to reflect the sunlight back out to space, 309 00:29:32.559 --> 00:29:34.920 creating it more difficult for the solar heat to reach the Earth. So 310 00:29:36.799 --> 00:29:41.519 the following summer eighteen sixteen was called a year without a summer, and it 311 00:29:41.559 --> 00:29:48.000 was extremely cold all summer. There was frosts in the northern hemisphere every month 312 00:29:48.160 --> 00:29:52.680 of that year, and in fact there were three attempts to grow crops. 313 00:29:53.039 --> 00:29:56.759 They all failed because of the cold weather, cold and damp, which was 314 00:29:56.799 --> 00:30:03.559 a direct result. Nowh historian referred to this as the last Great subsistence crisis 315 00:30:04.039 --> 00:30:11.319 of Western civilization. The summer of eighteen sixteen, and you had famine that 316 00:30:11.559 --> 00:30:15.920 was caused by the crop failures. So now these were secondary consequences of the 317 00:30:15.960 --> 00:30:22.000 volcanic eruptions that even though there were people, like when Tambora exploded, it 318 00:30:22.119 --> 00:30:30.359 completely wiped out the culture on the island down there in Indonesia, but it 319 00:30:30.400 --> 00:30:33.559 didn't immediately affect the rest of the planet. However, within the next year 320 00:30:33.599 --> 00:30:38.000 to two years, then that's when you begin to see the secondary effects of 321 00:30:38.039 --> 00:30:42.400 that volcanic eruption. And yes, you had many, many people starved to 322 00:30:42.440 --> 00:30:48.599 death because of the failure of crops. Now this can be referred to and 323 00:30:48.599 --> 00:30:52.960 has been referred to as a volcanic winter, very similar to a cosmic winter. 324 00:30:52.440 --> 00:30:56.720 A large enough cosmic event, or if you have a multiple impact event, 325 00:30:57.200 --> 00:31:03.440 will do basically the same thing. It'll charge the atmosphere with reflective dust. 326 00:31:03.599 --> 00:31:08.160 It'll create a shroud that will eventually circulate around the entire planet, causing 327 00:31:08.480 --> 00:31:14.559 a cooling, and then that will have a series of secondary consequences. So 328 00:31:15.559 --> 00:31:22.559 the total mortality would be many times greater than the immediate mortality in the the 329 00:31:22.720 --> 00:31:26.279 zone of the impact. So that's the thing that we have to be looking 330 00:31:26.279 --> 00:31:32.480 at now in older models that I think are basically obsolete, you're looking at 331 00:31:33.000 --> 00:31:38.200 determining what is the rate of which Earth is impacted or bombarded by these things. 332 00:31:38.240 --> 00:31:45.160 And so initially that rate was determined by crater counting. Okay, So 333 00:31:45.200 --> 00:31:47.920 in other words, you look at that crater in Arizona, the big deep 334 00:31:47.920 --> 00:31:52.480 pole in the ground, it's obvious it's a crater right now, somewhere getting 335 00:31:52.519 --> 00:31:56.559 in the vicinity of about two hundred craters have been counted. The term is 336 00:31:56.599 --> 00:32:04.599 also astroblem, which means star wound, So an astorbleam is not necessarily evident 337 00:32:04.599 --> 00:32:07.160 from the surface, like the Medior craters. You look at it, there's 338 00:32:07.279 --> 00:32:12.759 clearly a gigantic hole in the ground. There's other craters as big as Medior 339 00:32:12.799 --> 00:32:17.000 Crater in Arizona. No Media crater is in Arizona. Yeah, but I 340 00:32:17.039 --> 00:32:21.960 mean, are there craters as big as that in around the world? Oh 341 00:32:22.039 --> 00:32:24.799 yeah, yeah, oh really? Oh yeah right, Oh no, they're 342 00:32:24.839 --> 00:32:29.880 craters around the world that are much bigger than that. Wow, they're not 343 00:32:30.519 --> 00:32:34.799 they're not as obvious, but they're huge. I mean, I can pull 344 00:32:34.880 --> 00:32:37.519 up and show you some. I mean, you've got a lot of them. 345 00:32:37.599 --> 00:32:39.799 You know, the older ones they get buried under sediment. Yeah, 346 00:32:39.799 --> 00:32:45.839 there's one body you and Virginia's Chesapeake Bay, Yeah now that yeah, yeah, 347 00:32:45.920 --> 00:32:51.480 yeah, that was a there was an impact in Chesapeake Bay around thirty 348 00:32:51.640 --> 00:32:59.200 five million years ago. Was that terminating or just uh locally devastation? Well, 349 00:32:59.240 --> 00:33:02.640 no, that was that could have been that would have had global effects 350 00:33:04.279 --> 00:33:09.119 because it was the crater as I recall, the Chesapeake Bay crater is Virginia. 351 00:33:09.319 --> 00:33:13.839 Yeah, fifty miles in diameter. Maybe. Oh that would have been 352 00:33:13.880 --> 00:33:16.000 a mess. Oh yeah, that would have been a mass. That would 353 00:33:16.000 --> 00:33:22.240 have been a huge mess. And you know there is like over here, 354 00:33:22.279 --> 00:33:24.680 there's the fern Bank Science Museum not far from where I live, and they 355 00:33:24.759 --> 00:33:30.799 have a displayer. They used to have a display of tech tights there that 356 00:33:30.920 --> 00:33:37.079 were all picture when that when a bow eyed an asteroid strikes the Earth, 357 00:33:38.279 --> 00:33:44.920 there's so much energy released in the mediate area it vaporizes, then a little 358 00:33:44.920 --> 00:33:49.319 bit further out it liquefies, and that stuff is thrown up into the atmosphere 359 00:33:49.960 --> 00:33:55.759 and when it rains back out it assumes these aerodynamic shapes and it falls to 360 00:33:55.799 --> 00:34:04.359 the Earth and forms everything from microsphirals to microtech tights to macro tech tights that 361 00:34:04.440 --> 00:34:07.840 you can actually hold in your hand. And a tight is a an object 362 00:34:07.840 --> 00:34:13.360 that has been heated to an extreme level. Yes, and when it comes 363 00:34:13.519 --> 00:34:21.840 like in Jordan where Collins was, pottery has this glaze on it, which 364 00:34:21.880 --> 00:34:27.960 is the melted sand onto this clay. I guess because they didn't have they 365 00:34:28.000 --> 00:34:34.280 didn't have glazes back then, they didn't have high heat kilns. What they 366 00:34:34.360 --> 00:34:39.519 show is these pottery bits with glazes on them because because the heat was so 367 00:34:39.679 --> 00:34:47.079 intense that the whatever it was painted on him turned into hardened stone, which 368 00:34:47.119 --> 00:34:54.360 is yeah. So so the I guess where I was going with this is 369 00:34:54.400 --> 00:35:00.880 that when we crater count you're only counting the drest impacts into the earth. 370 00:35:01.480 --> 00:35:06.840 So let's just use the round number of two hundred craters that have been identified. 371 00:35:07.880 --> 00:35:10.719 Most of those are going to be in the relatively populated areas of the 372 00:35:10.760 --> 00:35:15.880 world. You know, there are things, you know, there's now discoveries 373 00:35:15.880 --> 00:35:22.719 of impact craters under the Antarctic ice cap. We're discovering more craters, you 374 00:35:22.800 --> 00:35:27.400 know, on the bottom of the ocean, but we don't have that. 375 00:35:27.440 --> 00:35:34.639 The two hundred craters that have been counted probably comprise fifteen maybe twenty percent of 376 00:35:34.679 --> 00:35:40.159 the Earth's surface. So if we had an accurate inventory of impacts over the 377 00:35:40.199 --> 00:35:44.719 whole Earth's surface. Now, remember ocean. If you've got two miles of 378 00:35:44.760 --> 00:35:47.360 ocean, you know what are you going to have. Well, if you've 379 00:35:47.400 --> 00:35:54.159 got an object that's half a mile in diameter moving at hypervelocity speeds it strikes 380 00:35:54.199 --> 00:35:59.480 the ocean, it's going to create huge tsunamis that spread out. If it's 381 00:35:59.519 --> 00:36:04.400 big enough and fast enough, it can penetrate the water column and actually excavate 382 00:36:04.480 --> 00:36:08.119 a crater type hole on the bottom of the ocean. However, the ocean 383 00:36:08.159 --> 00:36:13.719 water it's called the resurge wave. The ocean water rushes back in right because 384 00:36:13.719 --> 00:36:17.559 you can picture you comes in, it strikes the ocean though it opens up 385 00:36:19.239 --> 00:36:23.559 almost like a would be called a transient crater. Then the water rushes back 386 00:36:23.599 --> 00:36:29.800 in. When it rushes back in, it's charge supercharged with sediment. So 387 00:36:30.280 --> 00:36:35.599 the water rushing in like typically normally on a larger impact, you have a 388 00:36:35.679 --> 00:36:39.280 raised rim, and when that water rushes in, it's going to obscure the 389 00:36:39.360 --> 00:36:45.119 rim and it's going to flush huge amounts of sediment into the crater. So 390 00:36:45.199 --> 00:36:49.719 that's gonna make it much more difficult to identify the crater. Okay, here's 391 00:36:49.719 --> 00:36:52.679 what I'm getting at. If you've got two hundred craters now that have been 392 00:36:52.760 --> 00:36:57.880 identified around the planet that are impacts into the Earth, impacts into the Earth, 393 00:36:58.000 --> 00:37:00.920 right, and that's twenty of the surface of the Earth, then you 394 00:37:00.960 --> 00:37:06.280 can you can infer from that that that within that same time range, there's 395 00:37:06.280 --> 00:37:15.480 probably been a thousand impacts now of similar uh similar Now you're remember crater counting 396 00:37:15.360 --> 00:37:19.400 impacts into the Earth leaves a big scar that you can see. There are 397 00:37:19.440 --> 00:37:24.239 tens of thousands, even millions of years later. Conguska event, no crater 398 00:37:24.960 --> 00:37:30.519 right read you know, locally devastating. But here's the thing. If if 399 00:37:30.880 --> 00:37:35.960 if you had a Tenguska event from three hundred or four hundred or five hundred 400 00:37:36.000 --> 00:37:39.039 years ago, the devastated the forests, and there is some evidence that this 401 00:37:39.119 --> 00:37:44.679 may be has happened, come a few centuries later, you're not going to 402 00:37:44.880 --> 00:37:49.639 have the obvious evidence of that impact. Forests are going to regrow, the 403 00:37:50.000 --> 00:37:53.039 flattened trees are gonna are gonna decay away. And how are you going to 404 00:37:53.119 --> 00:38:00.639 know unless it enters into oral history or local myth and legend right here. 405 00:38:00.840 --> 00:38:07.400 Here's the thing that needs to be appreciated. The iron type objects that strike 406 00:38:07.480 --> 00:38:12.719 the ground and leave craters that you can count later. They're in the They're 407 00:38:13.239 --> 00:38:19.840 at the low end of the proportion of objects. The lower density objects are 408 00:38:19.960 --> 00:38:25.239 much more frequent. So you could almost say that for every impact that leaves 409 00:38:25.280 --> 00:38:30.519 a scar leaves a crater in the surface of the Earth, there's perhaps a 410 00:38:30.599 --> 00:38:37.320 half a dozen events more like Tenguska that do not are just as devastating, 411 00:38:37.079 --> 00:38:43.199 but don't leave the obvious impact scar in the earth that can be counted. 412 00:38:45.519 --> 00:38:51.159 We're going to take a short commercial break to allow our sponsors to identify themselves, 413 00:38:51.800 --> 00:38:57.440 and we will return shortly with my guest today, Randall Carlson, discussing 414 00:38:57.599 --> 00:39:13.360 the younger Driest impact. Will be right back Jackson got Jackson on nine poson 415 00:39:15.840 --> 00:39:22.639 Oh maybe I don't do lanted you you must do the same or you're not 416 00:39:22.960 --> 00:39:47.400 it no moderate of delic get not bon catof bon my genil star and Renald 417 00:39:47.400 --> 00:39:52.639 Carlson is my guest today. He is talking about the younger drives impact, 418 00:39:52.719 --> 00:39:58.119 the death of the what they call megafauna, the large animals weighing over one 419 00:39:58.159 --> 00:40:02.400 hundred pounds and more that were destroyed that were wiped out in North America and 420 00:40:02.480 --> 00:40:07.599 around the world. He is a featured presenter a keynote presenter in the upcoming 421 00:40:08.320 --> 00:40:14.239 Cosmic Summit conference June fifteenth and sixteenth. You can get more information by going 422 00:40:14.239 --> 00:40:22.920 to Cosmicsummit dot com. Forward slash Earth Ancients. So what do we know? 423 00:40:23.119 --> 00:40:30.599 I mean because I was when I was reading Colin's book on this Jordan 424 00:40:30.679 --> 00:40:37.039 area. There's scars, the city's melted, the walls are melted. Yeah, 425 00:40:37.119 --> 00:40:45.360 yeah, But do we have any other ancient civilizations that are having these 426 00:40:45.480 --> 00:40:51.320 kinds of impacts that are being devastated to the point where everyone in a radius 427 00:40:51.400 --> 00:40:54.559 is dead as well as the Mega fon Quite certain, and there is other 428 00:40:54.639 --> 00:40:59.760 evidence. I mean, here's the thing. This is not something that people 429 00:40:59.840 --> 00:41:04.519 have been, you know, looking for until in the last couple of decades. 430 00:41:04.599 --> 00:41:06.920 You don't look for it, You're not going to find it. But 431 00:41:07.000 --> 00:41:13.639 we know that numerous civilizations have met you know, the whole Bronze Age collapse. 432 00:41:14.159 --> 00:41:16.119 What was that about? What happened there? Well, certainly we know 433 00:41:16.159 --> 00:41:20.639 there was drought. But see, here's the thing, just like with volcanoes, 434 00:41:20.880 --> 00:41:25.239 impacts can have these secondary consequences on the environment, on the weather, 435 00:41:25.400 --> 00:41:29.800 on the climate, and you might be looking at, oh, yeah, 436 00:41:29.800 --> 00:41:34.679 there was a there was some kind of an extreme climatic event without necessarily connecting 437 00:41:34.719 --> 00:41:40.559 it with a volcanic eruption or a cosmic impact. See, so we're kind 438 00:41:40.559 --> 00:41:45.039 of this is kind of a new paradigm here. I mean, it's been 439 00:41:45.719 --> 00:41:51.280 obviously accelerating ever since the nineteen eighties. I think the turning point was nineteen 440 00:41:51.360 --> 00:42:00.880 eighty when you had three independent publications all postulating that the KT boundary the dinosaurs 441 00:42:00.880 --> 00:42:05.360 were killed off sixty five million years ago, was caused by an impact, 442 00:42:05.800 --> 00:42:09.519 and that ignited a firestorm of controversy. But it's not nearly as controversial now 443 00:42:09.559 --> 00:42:15.199 because you know, the evidence has been pretty much overwhelming that yes, there 444 00:42:15.280 --> 00:42:20.800 was a great asteroid impact at least one. Personally, I think that there 445 00:42:20.880 --> 00:42:27.800 was probably a clustered period of bombardment, and some of the early critics weren't 446 00:42:27.840 --> 00:42:32.440 thinking in terms We're still thinking in the old terms that impacts are just single, 447 00:42:32.639 --> 00:42:37.880 isolated random events. Right. Well, there's a whole school of thought, 448 00:42:38.280 --> 00:42:45.039 and I think it's supported by considerable evidence that there are epoch there are 449 00:42:45.199 --> 00:42:52.880 bombardment epochs where the Earth is in a period of susceptibility. It's traveling through 450 00:42:52.880 --> 00:42:58.719 a region of space that's more densely populated with cosmic debris, and you might 451 00:42:58.800 --> 00:43:04.199 have these secondary I mean, you might have initial impacts. You might have. 452 00:43:04.519 --> 00:43:07.480 For example, we talked about the Tord media stream. The Earth crosses 453 00:43:07.519 --> 00:43:12.719 the Toward media stream late June early July in the summer, and it crosses 454 00:43:13.320 --> 00:43:17.480 at the peak in the fall, right around Halloween. Okay, so it's 455 00:43:17.800 --> 00:43:22.519 the Tord media stream, is sometimes referred to as the Halloween meteors. Right. 456 00:43:23.119 --> 00:43:28.639 Well, there's a stream. You got a picture Sun Jupiter, right, 457 00:43:28.679 --> 00:43:35.559 and there's this stream, this elliptical orbital stream of this cometary debris circling 458 00:43:35.760 --> 00:43:39.039 the Sun, and it lays pretty much in the plane of the ecliptic, 459 00:43:39.079 --> 00:43:45.239 which is the Earth's orble plane. So the Earth crosses that stream twice each 460 00:43:45.320 --> 00:43:50.599 year. Now, remember all meteor streams are the debris of disintegrating comets. 461 00:43:51.119 --> 00:43:54.239 Right, So, once upon a time there was a large comet. It 462 00:43:54.320 --> 00:43:58.840 came from the outer zone, maybe the Kuyper Disc, and it probably was 463 00:43:58.880 --> 00:44:02.840 the Kuyper disc because the Kuyper Disc of comets lays in close to the orbital 464 00:44:02.880 --> 00:44:07.920 plane of the planets. So if something sends one of those Kuyper disc comets 465 00:44:07.960 --> 00:44:15.639 sunward, it begins to activate and in that process it begins to fragment and 466 00:44:15.719 --> 00:44:19.559 it litters. It's almost like you're driving down the road, right, and 467 00:44:19.599 --> 00:44:22.719 then down the road ahead of you is a dump truck with a bunch of 468 00:44:22.760 --> 00:44:27.480 debris blowing off of it. Right now, your car plows into that debris 469 00:44:27.480 --> 00:44:30.800 and boom, you have a catastrophe. Right, But it's kind of like 470 00:44:30.840 --> 00:44:36.159 that, except think of now, of a racetrack. The comet comes in, 471 00:44:36.239 --> 00:44:43.000 it begins to disintegrate. Well over time, the byproducts of that breakup, 472 00:44:43.000 --> 00:44:47.239 which could be millions of pieces, will spread out and eventually kind of 473 00:44:47.400 --> 00:44:52.880 become uniform around the whole track, the whole orbital track of the comet. 474 00:44:52.079 --> 00:44:57.440 Right, But in the early stages of breakup, that material is going to 475 00:44:57.480 --> 00:45:02.079 be generally in a clump. And so here's another analogy I like to use. 476 00:45:02.159 --> 00:45:08.159 Imagine that you've got a big race track and there's cars going around it, 477 00:45:08.519 --> 00:45:15.280 and you've got another country road that crosses that track, and you're in 478 00:45:15.320 --> 00:45:19.519 a car cliff. You're driving along and you got some tunes on and there's 479 00:45:19.559 --> 00:45:22.480 no other traffic, and you know, yeah, I mean something could happen. 480 00:45:22.519 --> 00:45:24.800 You could fall asleep at the wheel and go off the road, and 481 00:45:24.800 --> 00:45:30.199 that would be a catastrophe. Right Now, you come up to an intersection 482 00:45:30.760 --> 00:45:34.119 and you've got to cross the intersection. There's no stop signs, no lights 483 00:45:34.199 --> 00:45:38.119 or anything there, right, so you just sail through that intersection now for 484 00:45:38.239 --> 00:45:44.199 it. You're out near La So obviously you know if you're if I'm driving 485 00:45:44.239 --> 00:45:49.519 around here and it's four am rather than four pm, that I'm crossing this 486 00:45:49.639 --> 00:45:58.000 highway, blindly crossing this highway, well my probabilities of having a crash are 487 00:45:58.000 --> 00:46:01.719 going to be much greater at four pm then at four am, right, 488 00:46:02.760 --> 00:46:07.760 Okay, So that's part of it. The timing is critical in looking at 489 00:46:07.800 --> 00:46:13.519 impact phenomenon. So if you've got a breakup of a comet, it's littering 490 00:46:13.760 --> 00:46:19.639 its orbital path. Earth crosses that orbital path, like in the case of 491 00:46:19.679 --> 00:46:24.440 the Torrents twice each year. Okay. So the question then is are you 492 00:46:25.039 --> 00:46:30.719 how dense is the material at that intersection when the Earth is crossing. Now, 493 00:46:31.360 --> 00:46:37.239 if the materials another part of the orbit, we might safely get through. 494 00:46:37.440 --> 00:46:40.360 Nothing happens except maybe you know a nice media. You go out and 495 00:46:40.360 --> 00:46:45.400 you see shooting stars, you see shoots, you see shooting stars. You're 496 00:46:45.440 --> 00:46:49.239 not The Earth's not getting bombarded by something hundreds of feet or even a kilometer 497 00:46:49.360 --> 00:46:54.679 or more in diameter. Right, However, it's likely that there are mile 498 00:46:54.800 --> 00:47:00.599 wide objects within the Torrent stream. We're just lucky across it twice every year 499 00:47:00.840 --> 00:47:05.920 and we're not crossing the stream. We're not going through that intersection. At 500 00:47:05.960 --> 00:47:08.400 the same time, a half mile asteroid or piece of a chunk of a 501 00:47:08.440 --> 00:47:12.519 comet is there. Well, that was my question to you, is have 502 00:47:12.639 --> 00:47:21.119 we imaged this torred meteor stream to see if there's some terminating size asteroids or 503 00:47:21.960 --> 00:47:23.800 you know, can we shoot a rocket at one if they get to be 504 00:47:23.840 --> 00:47:29.920 too big so that it gets blown to bits. I mean, I don't 505 00:47:29.920 --> 00:47:36.280 know what our strategies in the United States right now if we're facing an asteroid 506 00:47:36.320 --> 00:47:42.960 that impacts well, we could say this with one confidence, there are asteroids 507 00:47:42.960 --> 00:47:46.480 and things out there that will strike the Earths. Again, we don't know 508 00:47:46.519 --> 00:47:57.239 when. I mean, the one coming up in later this decade is going 509 00:47:57.280 --> 00:48:00.599 to make a very close by. It's not going to strike. Hear is 510 00:48:00.639 --> 00:48:04.239 going to be very close. Yeah, it'll come to me in a second. 511 00:48:05.840 --> 00:48:12.519 But then becoming that close to the Earth, its orbit might be deflected 512 00:48:13.159 --> 00:48:16.159 to where when it comes around again in the two thousand and thirties, it 513 00:48:16.199 --> 00:48:22.239 could be an impact. Now that would be a global catastrophe. So we've 514 00:48:22.280 --> 00:48:30.280 actually we've actually identified specific asteroids that will be coming into our orbit at some 515 00:48:30.440 --> 00:48:37.159 point. Yeah, yeah, really, yes, it's amazing. So does 516 00:48:37.280 --> 00:48:45.039 NASA have a group that's kind of like the Asteroid Watch Team or something? 517 00:48:45.840 --> 00:48:53.039 Well, yes, and you know that recent what was it the recent rendezvous 518 00:48:53.400 --> 00:48:59.119 with an asteroid to test whether or not we could nudget into a new orbit. 519 00:48:59.280 --> 00:49:01.239 Oh right, yeah, yeah, yeah you remember that. Yeah, 520 00:49:01.639 --> 00:49:06.159 well that was that was last year, I think, yeah, yeah, 521 00:49:06.239 --> 00:49:10.880 it was recently, Yeah, that is Yeah. I mean we're but to 522 00:49:10.920 --> 00:49:17.559 me, we need to accelerate our response capabilities to an impending catastrophe like that, 523 00:49:17.639 --> 00:49:22.000 because you know, one of the things I do is I pretty much 524 00:49:22.079 --> 00:49:28.360 try to keep track of near misses, and there have been so many cliffs 525 00:49:28.400 --> 00:49:32.840 in the last few decades that it's getting hard to count them. Define define 526 00:49:32.840 --> 00:49:37.519 a near miss Randall is that when you're saying near miss. Are you tracking 527 00:49:38.360 --> 00:49:44.480 terminating hits or are you just tracking all the hits all of none of them 528 00:49:44.480 --> 00:49:47.039 are hitting, They're all zooming by out there. No. But what I'm 529 00:49:47.079 --> 00:49:52.719 asking is is you're well, you're saying near miss. What's that refer to? 530 00:49:52.440 --> 00:49:58.239 A thousand miles off the Earth more than I mean, we're talking astronomical 531 00:49:58.239 --> 00:50:04.480 dimensions, so we're lastically, we're generally talking, you know, within several 532 00:50:04.559 --> 00:50:09.440 lunar distances of Earth, and that would constitute a near miss. But there's 533 00:50:09.760 --> 00:50:14.599 there's a lot of them, a lot of them that have happened in the 534 00:50:15.400 --> 00:50:20.760 in the recent years. Sooner or later, one of them is gonna strike 535 00:50:20.800 --> 00:50:24.519 the Earth. We just don't know. We haven't identified those. The one 536 00:50:24.519 --> 00:50:30.360 I'm thinking of, I don't know why it's escaping my mind. The one 537 00:50:30.400 --> 00:50:37.679 that's gonna threaten the Earth in twenty twenty eight. Really, Yeah, we've 538 00:50:37.679 --> 00:50:43.920 identified one asteroid that is in deep space that is headed in our way, 539 00:50:44.000 --> 00:50:47.679 our way. Yeah, I don't want to but it's not it's gonna it's 540 00:50:47.719 --> 00:50:51.880 not gonna strike the Earth. It's just gonna come close to the Earth. 541 00:50:52.239 --> 00:51:00.119 Okay, let's see it. A steroid. Jesus Christ I think it's twenty 542 00:51:00.400 --> 00:51:09.360 twenty eight. Let's see that would be Let's see one day ago we have 543 00:51:13.280 --> 00:51:19.960 next five asteroid approaches from the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Apopus. That's the one, 544 00:51:20.039 --> 00:51:24.440 right, Okay, So asteroid Apophus will swing past Earth in twenty twenty 545 00:51:24.559 --> 00:51:32.199 nine. Could a space rock collision make it hit us? Even now that 546 00:51:32.280 --> 00:51:37.320 we know it's on course to miss us by a safe margin, astronomers remain 547 00:51:37.480 --> 00:51:42.079 vigilant. It's the asteroid. We can't stop watching. So twenty twenty nine. 548 00:51:42.679 --> 00:51:45.639 So does it have a tail that might interact with us? Or no? 549 00:51:45.239 --> 00:51:47.519 Well, no, it's an asteroid. Oh, it's an asteroid. 550 00:51:47.760 --> 00:51:54.400 It could be debris from it, if it's if it's fragmenting, let's see 551 00:51:54.480 --> 00:52:01.000 it says it's most likely. Isn't something to worry about. However, what 552 00:52:01.199 --> 00:52:09.079 happens is it swings by the Earth. Its orbit could be be affected to 553 00:52:09.199 --> 00:52:14.880 where a subsequent orbit around it could be on a collision with the Earth. 554 00:52:16.159 --> 00:52:20.239 So yeah, On April thirteenth, twenty twenty nine, the space rock is 555 00:52:20.239 --> 00:52:24.559 scheduled to approach Earth, coming within twenty thousand miles. Now that's well within 556 00:52:24.599 --> 00:52:30.360 the Earth. That's only one tenth of distance to the moon. And that 557 00:52:30.519 --> 00:52:36.519 is Yeah, how big is this How big is this stone? It is 558 00:52:37.039 --> 00:52:42.960 is not like a small earth, Jesus Christ. It's a thousand feet wide. 559 00:52:43.599 --> 00:52:49.159 That's pretty big. That's big enough to have global consequences. Really, 560 00:52:49.239 --> 00:52:54.079 that would wipe out an area of an you know, instead of like a 561 00:52:54.119 --> 00:52:59.760 couple of counties like Tenguska was eight hundred square miles, this would be on 562 00:52:59.840 --> 00:53:05.360 the size the scale of an entire like a state the size of Pennsylvania or 563 00:53:05.719 --> 00:53:09.920 Oregon or Washington being completely obliterated. And then there would be a whole host 564 00:53:09.960 --> 00:53:14.679 of the secondary consequences that would result from that. There would be fires, 565 00:53:15.920 --> 00:53:19.199 there would be dust launched into the atmosphere, so it's like a bomb. 566 00:53:19.679 --> 00:53:25.199 And the impact the remember reverbed, I can't even reberate. Yeah, it 567 00:53:25.239 --> 00:53:31.199 reverberates to the point where it just shuts everything down and destruction has great destruction. 568 00:53:31.719 --> 00:53:36.400 Well, it would have great destruction. There would be global consequences, 569 00:53:36.440 --> 00:53:39.400 There would be economic consequences. You know, an event like that, if 570 00:53:39.400 --> 00:53:45.440 obstruck the Earth would probably take literally several decades to recover from. Wow, 571 00:53:49.519 --> 00:53:58.239 can you talk a little bit about the uh, this black mat that shows 572 00:53:58.719 --> 00:54:04.960 burning of the earth I guess thousands of years ago, and the importance of 573 00:54:05.079 --> 00:54:10.119 the black mat a little bit well, Okay, so there are multiple examples 574 00:54:10.119 --> 00:54:16.199 of a black man and it's the result of a number of processes. There's 575 00:54:16.280 --> 00:54:25.159 particularly a black matt associated with the lower Younger Driest boundary that's just under twelve 576 00:54:25.519 --> 00:54:31.079 nine hundred years ago, and it apparently has a lot of soot in it. 577 00:54:31.119 --> 00:54:37.880 That's one reason that's black. But there are multiple examples of these black 578 00:54:37.960 --> 00:54:45.159 mats that can form under certain environmental conditions. But this particular one has been 579 00:54:45.199 --> 00:54:54.159 studied and it goes back to the early two thousands when paleontologists noticed that a 580 00:54:54.159 --> 00:55:00.000 lot of the MegaFon of that went extinct. Their remains were being found below, 581 00:55:00.039 --> 00:55:04.000 oh, the black mat, but not above the black mat. Right 582 00:55:04.639 --> 00:55:10.440 now. The other thing that happened was climb paleo climatologists, people who study 583 00:55:10.880 --> 00:55:15.800 ancient climate, noticed that right at the black mat there was a major climate 584 00:55:15.840 --> 00:55:24.519 shift and the ice age had been ameliorating for about three thousand years. We 585 00:55:24.519 --> 00:55:30.480 were in the depths of a deep cold ice age between fifteen and twenty thousand 586 00:55:30.519 --> 00:55:36.840 years ago. Around fifteen thousand years ago or a little after, the planet 587 00:55:36.880 --> 00:55:42.800 began to warm, and over the next roughly three thousand years two five hundred 588 00:55:42.880 --> 00:55:49.159 years the warm the warming caused the ice sheets to start shrinking back as the 589 00:55:49.199 --> 00:55:54.559 ice seat sheets sunk shrunk back. That melting of the ice sheets caused ocean 590 00:55:54.599 --> 00:56:00.119 level to begin to rise. During the depth the colder steps of the ice 591 00:56:00.159 --> 00:56:06.519 age, called the late Glacial maximum, sea levels were at least four hundred 592 00:56:06.519 --> 00:56:10.280 feet lower than they are now. So one of the things that was noticed 593 00:56:10.480 --> 00:56:16.039 was that there was a major shift in the climate, Like after the climate 594 00:56:16.119 --> 00:56:22.440 was gently warming for a couple of thousand years, it suddenly reversed turned cold, 595 00:56:22.000 --> 00:56:25.639 really cold. Within a couple of years, a couple of thousand years 596 00:56:25.639 --> 00:56:30.440 of gradual warming was completely erased, and now the planet went into what's called 597 00:56:30.440 --> 00:56:37.280 the younger dryas, which is named after a polar wildflower that likes cold weather. 598 00:56:37.719 --> 00:56:42.000 Right, so when the weather turns warm, if you're in like it 599 00:56:42.039 --> 00:56:46.639 was first discovered in northern Europe and it was associated with it liked to grow 600 00:56:46.679 --> 00:56:52.679 near ice sheets, right, so cold weather, So you have the dryas 601 00:56:52.719 --> 00:56:55.119 Octa patella, which is the name of a polar wildflower. Right, so 602 00:56:55.760 --> 00:57:00.800 when you see this particular flower growing in an environment, it tells you something 603 00:57:00.840 --> 00:57:07.440 about the temperature of that environment, tells you it's cold. Then suddenly the 604 00:57:07.880 --> 00:57:15.639 uh, this particular flower disappears and it's replaced by plants that are more love 605 00:57:15.719 --> 00:57:20.679 the warm weather rather than the cold. Okay, so what happened was is 606 00:57:20.719 --> 00:57:28.239 you had now biota or flora that liked the warm weather because of the warming. 607 00:57:28.280 --> 00:57:31.400 It was two periods called the Bowling and the all Rode. And during 608 00:57:31.440 --> 00:57:40.360 this warming period, the the the dryest octopetala flower disappeared right at the date 609 00:57:40.440 --> 00:57:45.679 of the black mat. It suddenly came back again. I mean suddenly, 610 00:57:45.199 --> 00:57:51.559 like like the climate flipped within a matter of a few years from this warming 611 00:57:51.639 --> 00:57:53.480 into full glacial cold. So now you have two things, Cliff, that 612 00:57:53.519 --> 00:58:00.000 are that are seen here associated with that black man. The extinction of megafaunal 613 00:58:00.039 --> 00:58:06.960 species and a major climate shift. Well, what this did was led some 614 00:58:07.159 --> 00:58:09.800 researchers to want to say, Okay, what is this black mat. It's 615 00:58:09.960 --> 00:58:15.840 some kind of a boundary layer. Let's take a closer look. So they 616 00:58:15.880 --> 00:58:20.559 did, and what they found was at the bottom of this black mat they 617 00:58:20.639 --> 00:58:27.239 found impact proxies in abundance such as microspherals. Now, one of the things 618 00:58:27.280 --> 00:58:31.320 associated going back to Tenguska, you have this air burst, right, so 619 00:58:31.679 --> 00:58:37.800 you had this vaporization. Now, when you get into the more macroscale and 620 00:58:37.840 --> 00:58:42.280 you have melt by products raining back to the earth, this forms the tech 621 00:58:42.360 --> 00:58:45.679 types, right. But when you have the vaporization cooling and falling back to 622 00:58:45.719 --> 00:58:52.079 the earth, it forms microspherals, little microspherrals they fall to the earth, 623 00:58:52.440 --> 00:58:57.039 and in fact, in tree rings in Siberia, in the region of Tunguska, 624 00:58:57.079 --> 00:59:06.239 they found embedded microspheral that resulted from the Tenguska aerial detonation, they found 625 00:59:06.360 --> 00:59:10.199 very similar microspherals at the base of the black mat. Now, the black 626 00:59:10.239 --> 00:59:15.800 MAT's been identified in numerous places around the US. Now, the third thing 627 00:59:15.480 --> 00:59:21.960 that makes that particularly interesting is for the three to four hundred years leading up 628 00:59:22.000 --> 00:59:25.039 to the deposition of the black mat, which has now been labeled has been 629 00:59:25.119 --> 00:59:30.880 dated at like I said, just under twelve nine hundred years ago. The 630 00:59:30.920 --> 00:59:34.639 third thing that happened was in that three to four centuries leading up to it, 631 00:59:35.199 --> 00:59:40.239 you had a pretty active culture in unglaciated North America. That's called the 632 00:59:40.320 --> 00:59:47.159 Clovis culture. We find their encampments, their settlements, their quarries, their 633 00:59:47.239 --> 00:59:52.880 refuse pits, like fifty sites that were occupied occupied by the Clovis culture. 634 00:59:54.280 --> 00:59:59.840 They disappeared right there at that same boundary. We don't know what happened to 635 00:59:59.840 --> 01:00:02.920 them. But so you've got the sudden disappearance of the Clovis culture. You've 636 01:00:02.960 --> 01:00:07.480 got the mass extinction of megafauna, like the last gasp of megafauna. Now 637 01:00:07.519 --> 01:00:14.920 you've got this major shift, this turning of the climate from the encroaching warmth 638 01:00:15.000 --> 01:00:20.400 back to the full glacial cold that lasted for almost thirteen hundred years. That 639 01:00:20.559 --> 01:00:23.599 was the span of the Younger drives. So this black mat is very interesting. 640 01:00:24.079 --> 01:00:29.800 Now there are other black mats and they're not associated with impacts, but 641 01:00:29.920 --> 01:00:37.920 this particular one seems to have an abundance of soot charcoal, and there's evidence 642 01:00:37.960 --> 01:00:42.519 that there were major fires raging in the immediate aftermath. And then you have 643 01:00:42.599 --> 01:00:50.639 this deposition of these impact proxies, Like an impact proxy is something you know 644 01:00:51.000 --> 01:00:54.679 that's a secondary consequence. It's kind of like if you go to a crime 645 01:00:54.760 --> 01:01:00.280 scene and there's two types of evidence. There's fingerprints. See the fingerprints, 646 01:01:00.719 --> 01:01:05.719 you know, you don't look and see fingerprints. There's footprints of the perpetrator 647 01:01:06.000 --> 01:01:08.880 making a hasty escape, right, and you see the footprints. So that's 648 01:01:09.000 --> 01:01:12.880 kind of like a macroscale. You can see the footprints and you know, 649 01:01:12.880 --> 01:01:17.840 okay, here's evidence. You don't see the fingerprints without technological enhancement, right. 650 01:01:19.760 --> 01:01:22.400 Well, impact proxies are generally the same way. You have things like 651 01:01:22.519 --> 01:01:28.519 nanodiamonds, magnetic grains, microspherals. You're not going to see those in the 652 01:01:28.559 --> 01:01:30.920 eye. But if you take a sample and you look under a scanning electron 653 01:01:31.000 --> 01:01:36.079 microscope, boom, you see this stuff. It shows up right, and 654 01:01:36.159 --> 01:01:39.679 there it is and you can see it clearly and associated with the bottom of 655 01:01:39.679 --> 01:01:47.000 that black mat is our abundant nanodiamonds, microspherals and so on. So something 656 01:01:47.079 --> 01:01:52.760 blew up and charge a portion of the earth, is what you're suggesting. 657 01:01:52.280 --> 01:01:59.800 What I think happened. I think you had a multiple impact event. I 658 01:02:00.079 --> 01:02:05.119 think that you know in the most likely candidate would have been debris. At 659 01:02:05.159 --> 01:02:09.079 this point, the most likely candidate that has been proposed would be remnants of 660 01:02:09.119 --> 01:02:15.000 the great comet that broke up and spawned the tourred media stream. And this 661 01:02:15.039 --> 01:02:20.280 is at the end of the Younger driat this is a beginning of the Younger 662 01:02:20.320 --> 01:02:25.199 dry at the beginning and you're set, you're suggesting the date at what was 663 01:02:25.199 --> 01:02:32.000 the date of the period, just under twelve nine hundred years ago? Okay? 664 01:02:32.440 --> 01:02:39.079 And is that a partial event or is it a terminating event? Well, 665 01:02:39.119 --> 01:02:43.920 I mean it terminated the globus culture. It terminated you know, we 666 01:02:44.000 --> 01:02:50.239 see again we see a megafonal extinction. There was there was in the period 667 01:02:51.800 --> 01:02:55.519 leading up to it. There was a major species loss around the whole planet. 668 01:02:57.239 --> 01:03:00.079 Now, was all of it directly attributable to this one particular event. 669 01:03:00.159 --> 01:03:05.400 No, I don't think so. However, it seems like there was already 670 01:03:05.440 --> 01:03:10.360 several mass mortality episodes prior to the actual Younger Dryest event, And the Younger 671 01:03:10.440 --> 01:03:15.159 Dryest event was kind of like the Coup de gras, and because there was 672 01:03:15.199 --> 01:03:21.199 many many species that did not make it across that boundary that died off. 673 01:03:21.920 --> 01:03:28.119 And in fact, there have been remnants remains of megafonnel species where the black 674 01:03:28.159 --> 01:03:32.719 matte material is draped right over carcasses. So it's like they died directly as 675 01:03:32.760 --> 01:03:40.079 a result of that event. Wow, right, Yeah, So for you 676 01:03:40.119 --> 01:03:45.400 know, wooly mammoths, for saber toothed cats, giant ground slaws, et 677 01:03:45.400 --> 01:03:49.880 cetera, et cetera. Yeah, it was a terminating event for sure. 678 01:03:50.000 --> 01:03:57.159 Now, the density of mortality was not uniform around the planet, but North 679 01:03:57.199 --> 01:04:01.679 America seemed to be ground zero and South America was very very close. Western 680 01:04:01.760 --> 01:04:06.840 Hemisphere seemed to have suffered the greatest damage, So North America. If you 681 01:04:06.920 --> 01:04:15.679 go back to the Late Pleistocene and to get a relative chronology here, the 682 01:04:15.679 --> 01:04:20.239 Pleistocene lasted about two and a half million years. It ended at the beginning 683 01:04:20.280 --> 01:04:27.039 of the Holocene, and that is dated eleven six hundred years ago. That's 684 01:04:27.199 --> 01:04:31.840 the end of the Younger Dryas, right, The Younger Dryas lasted between twelve 685 01:04:31.960 --> 01:04:36.519 hundred and thirteen hundred years. It began the bottom of it, the beginning 686 01:04:36.559 --> 01:04:41.280 of the Younger Dryis. Remember in round numbers, let's just say twelve nine 687 01:04:41.320 --> 01:04:45.599 hundred years. The end of the Younger Dryas was about eleven thousand, six 688 01:04:45.679 --> 01:04:50.400 hundred years ago, so about thirteen hundred years. And now we know at 689 01:04:50.400 --> 01:04:55.920 the end of the Younger Dryis there was a major melting event of the glaciers, 690 01:04:56.000 --> 01:05:00.880 because it's been documented that there was a rapid sudden run of sea level 691 01:05:00.000 --> 01:05:03.920 rise at eleven thousand, six hundred. Eleven thousand, six hundred has now 692 01:05:03.920 --> 01:05:10.719 been designated as this boundary between the Pleistocene, which lasted two and a half 693 01:05:10.800 --> 01:05:15.320 million years, and the Holocene, which is the last eleven thousand, six 694 01:05:15.400 --> 01:05:20.840 hundred years, during which modern civilization as we know it emerged and we came 695 01:05:20.880 --> 01:05:28.039 out of you know, barbarism where they you know, and prior to that, 696 01:05:28.079 --> 01:05:31.960 the assumption is it was foragers and hunter gatherers. Is there evidence of 697 01:05:32.000 --> 01:05:38.199 subsistence farming, maybe some scattered here and there, but it was mostly going 698 01:05:38.239 --> 01:05:43.599 to be small bands of hunter gatherers. Clovis would have fit this definition. 699 01:05:44.360 --> 01:05:49.519 Clovis disappeared. If we look at the number of species that inhabited North America 700 01:05:49.840 --> 01:05:57.440 at the end of the Last Ice Age compared to the let me define a 701 01:05:57.480 --> 01:06:03.480 megafaun of species. It's any animal over about one hundred pounds in body weight, 702 01:06:03.519 --> 01:06:09.039 which is about forty four kilograms. So you, Cliff Dunning, would 703 01:06:09.159 --> 01:06:15.360 qualify as a megafaunal spech, a megafaun of creature. Yes, so you 704 01:06:15.400 --> 01:06:20.239 could that can yeah, so yeah, you could consider yourself from this point 705 01:06:20.280 --> 01:06:27.400 forward, going forward that you cliff, are a megafaunal species. But here's 706 01:06:27.440 --> 01:06:31.519 the thing. North America lost three quarters of its megafaunal species. There were 707 01:06:31.519 --> 01:06:36.559 more elephants in North America than are in Africa. Now, oh, really, 708 01:06:36.679 --> 01:06:41.639 like the African elephant was in North America or no? No, not? 709 01:06:41.719 --> 01:06:46.039 The African African elephant is a species of probocidian, the Indian elephant. 710 01:06:46.159 --> 01:06:49.639 But there are two different species of elephants. Wow, But there were four 711 01:06:49.679 --> 01:06:55.480 species of Probocidian meaning long, that meaning they have a trunk trunk. At 712 01:06:55.519 --> 01:06:59.440 Columbian mammoths, you had your your wooly mammoths. You had mastodons, You 713 01:06:59.480 --> 01:07:05.079 had the aial mammothis imparac They were each individual species of mammoth. They're all 714 01:07:05.119 --> 01:07:11.440 gone, all of You had ground slaws that were the size of elephants. 715 01:07:11.760 --> 01:07:16.280 They're gone. You had beavers that were the size of black bears. They're 716 01:07:16.320 --> 01:07:20.239 gone. You had the giant short faced bear that could stand ten or twelve 717 01:07:20.320 --> 01:07:25.679 feet when it was on its hind hind legs, its shoulders were six feet 718 01:07:25.719 --> 01:07:29.400 off the ground. This was the apex predator of the Late ice Age. 719 01:07:29.440 --> 01:07:32.519 It's gone. You had Ursus spalius, the cave bear, big huge, 720 01:07:32.960 --> 01:07:39.320 They're gone. You could go down the list. North America lost about seventy 721 01:07:39.400 --> 01:07:45.159 five percent of its megafonnal species, so did South America. Your Rasia lost 722 01:07:45.199 --> 01:07:49.639 about thirty five percent, and Africa only lost about ten to twelve percent. 723 01:07:50.400 --> 01:07:55.840 What would this tell you if you start thinking about it? What would that 724 01:07:55.920 --> 01:08:00.800 tell you? Cliff that the devastation was in North America? Yeah? Yeah, 725 01:08:00.840 --> 01:08:03.800 and higher elevation. Yeah. Well, and what would be what would 726 01:08:04.000 --> 01:08:08.800 area of the planet would have the lowest devastation? Was Africa? Yeah? 727 01:08:08.880 --> 01:08:14.719 Because number one, the loss of species is going to be directly related to 728 01:08:15.480 --> 01:08:21.600 destruction of habitat. Even if animals were not directly killed by impacts, if 729 01:08:21.600 --> 01:08:26.880 you had a drastic climate change, like, what would happen? Imagine this 730 01:08:27.039 --> 01:08:31.000 now, what would happen if all of a sudden the planet went back into 731 01:08:31.039 --> 01:08:35.760 ice age conditions and the temperature, the average temperature where you're at right now, 732 01:08:36.399 --> 01:08:42.079 dropped by ten to fifteen degrees. What would happen? Well, first 733 01:08:42.079 --> 01:08:45.199 of all, all of the plant life that is adjusted to the climate, 734 01:08:45.239 --> 01:08:51.600 adapted to the climate there now would die off. Right. So again you've 735 01:08:51.640 --> 01:09:00.000 got to consider that there are these secondary consequences. Now in the immediate aftermath 736 01:09:00.039 --> 01:09:02.680 of an impact, Yeah, you're going to have devastation, but there's going 737 01:09:02.720 --> 01:09:10.279 to be a whole slew of secondary consequences, feedbacks that happened that is going 738 01:09:10.359 --> 01:09:15.439 to cause continued die off, continued mortality, maybe years in the aftermath. 739 01:09:15.479 --> 01:09:20.079 So that's kind of what we're looking at. There was a major climate shift 740 01:09:20.880 --> 01:09:27.840 and the climate went ten to fifteen degrees fare andhight colder within possibly one year. 741 01:09:28.840 --> 01:09:33.399 So a lot of species, if they weren't killed directly by impacts, 742 01:09:33.479 --> 01:09:40.600 they died as the secondary consequences of the climate change that occurred in the immediate 743 01:09:40.640 --> 01:09:44.920 aftermath. You know, it's funny, Ran we haven't even talked about Graham's 744 01:09:45.159 --> 01:09:50.640 contention that there's probably great evidence below four hundred feet on the coastal parts of 745 01:09:51.119 --> 01:09:56.680 different continents of civilizations, you know. And then we get into the whole 746 01:09:56.720 --> 01:10:00.840 Atlantis question. What happened to Atlantis? Did it exist or was it destroyed 747 01:10:00.399 --> 01:10:06.680 in a cataclysm? As Plato writes, it's just a fantastic topic that we 748 01:10:06.720 --> 01:10:11.079 can't spend any more time on today. I want to remind our listeners. 749 01:10:11.159 --> 01:10:16.279 Randall Carlson will be at Cosmic Summit June fifteenth and sixteenth. I tried to 750 01:10:16.359 --> 01:10:20.800 find your topic of discussion. George Howard, the producer, said, well, 751 01:10:20.800 --> 01:10:26.560 Rennold will be talking about catastrophic events, but can you give us any 752 01:10:26.600 --> 01:10:31.279 details or is it still formulated in your mind? To be quite truthful, 753 01:10:31.319 --> 01:10:34.680 it's still formulating, I mean, because there are so many late listen, 754 01:10:34.720 --> 01:10:40.000 Cliff, there are so many interesting things happening right now in later discoveries. 755 01:10:40.359 --> 01:10:43.720 But yes, I'm pretty much I've got a general idea. I'm going to 756 01:10:43.720 --> 01:10:47.279 be presenting, you know, the ideas of some of the latest ideas on 757 01:10:47.359 --> 01:10:53.399 global catastrophes, cycles of change and where we might be in those cycles, 758 01:10:53.439 --> 01:10:57.920 if they're real, Are they real? Are they not real? What effects 759 01:10:57.960 --> 01:11:04.319 of these what are the implicationations for the recognition of global catastrophes as far as 760 01:11:04.359 --> 01:11:11.079 ancient civilizations? And one of the things I'm researching right now is called the 761 01:11:11.520 --> 01:11:18.319 uh the Emian period. It's also associated with a certain phase of oceanic change 762 01:11:18.359 --> 01:11:24.239 called marine isotope stage five E, which I'm sure you've you've read many articles 763 01:11:24.279 --> 01:11:30.479 on that, right Cliff. Well, okay, so I'm talking to you 764 01:11:30.560 --> 01:11:33.560 about that stuff, my friend. No, Okay, So if you look 765 01:11:33.560 --> 01:11:38.479 at the last roughly quarter million years, let's say two hundred and fifty thousand 766 01:11:38.520 --> 01:11:44.800 years, the Holocene that we're in now is relatively unusual in terms of I 767 01:11:44.800 --> 01:11:49.239 mean, we're really enjoying a rather benign climate right now. We're we're in 768 01:11:49.279 --> 01:11:57.159 a period of interglacial warmth. And it's totally within the framework of this interglacial 769 01:11:57.199 --> 01:12:00.800 warmth that I think we have been able to we have been able to create 770 01:12:00.960 --> 01:12:08.079 civilization. Now, the foundation of any civilization is food. You've got to 771 01:12:08.079 --> 01:12:12.600 be able to eat, are you? And you're probably not gonna be able 772 01:12:12.600 --> 01:12:18.960 to build a civilization if your primary mode of nutrient intake, of caloric intake 773 01:12:19.239 --> 01:12:25.239 is hunting gathering. Once you get an agricultural base, though, now and 774 01:12:25.279 --> 01:12:28.760 you can begin to feed a lot of people. The two things you need 775 01:12:28.800 --> 01:12:33.920 to have to build a civilization is leisure time and division of labor. Okay, 776 01:12:34.000 --> 01:12:39.960 So you get into building a civilization, and we can see if we 777 01:12:40.039 --> 01:12:47.199 look at the hallmarks of what we consider civilization, let's say agriculture, Well, 778 01:12:47.319 --> 01:12:56.079 most agricultures dated to have begun and in the shift from migrational lifestyles foraging 779 01:12:56.119 --> 01:13:01.239 and so forth, to sedentary lifestyles occurs around ten thousand years ago. Well, 780 01:13:01.439 --> 01:13:05.439 think about this is like within a millennia or two in the aftermath of 781 01:13:05.439 --> 01:13:11.880 the younger Driyas. Right, So what we see is we see the beginnings 782 01:13:11.920 --> 01:13:16.199 of agriculture between seven and ten thousand years ago. We see the dispersion of 783 01:13:16.359 --> 01:13:20.880 languages. If you look at like linguists who are looking at the evolution of 784 01:13:20.960 --> 01:13:26.760 languages will carry it back to around ten thousand years ago. We see the 785 01:13:26.800 --> 01:13:33.560 first urban complexes showing up around eight thousand, nine thousand years ago. So 786 01:13:34.279 --> 01:13:42.880 what we see is we see the first efforts to establish civilization and they're aborted. 787 01:13:42.960 --> 01:13:47.239 Really, I mean, you look at the number of destructions of previous 788 01:13:47.239 --> 01:13:51.800 civil We started our conversation talking about tal Alhamam. There's a good example of 789 01:13:54.359 --> 01:13:58.920 a cultural center of the Middle East that was utterly wiped out in a catastrophe 790 01:13:58.920 --> 01:14:01.479 of some kind. Now, the earlier versions was it was wiped out because 791 01:14:01.520 --> 01:14:05.399 of warfare, right, which of course you would consider a catastrophe, But 792 01:14:05.760 --> 01:14:12.920 the evidence now points that it could possibly have been an aerial burst along the 793 01:14:13.039 --> 01:14:18.640 lines of Tunguska. Right. So, now we've had a series of during 794 01:14:18.640 --> 01:14:25.600 the early Holicy let's say between six and nine thousand years ago was a period 795 01:14:25.680 --> 01:14:30.399 called the climatic optimum, where temperatures were warmer than now, sea levels were 796 01:14:30.479 --> 01:14:35.079 higher than now, You had the growing season which was longer, and you 797 01:14:35.239 --> 01:14:44.680 had the agricultural elevation moving up by hundreds of feet. What this meant was 798 01:14:44.720 --> 01:14:51.199 that agriculture became a really viable way, a lifestyle LifeWay. You had a 799 01:14:51.239 --> 01:14:56.640 long growing season, there was lots of rainfall, it was warmer. This 800 01:14:56.720 --> 01:15:00.720 is important that people need to take away. It's warmer than now. And 801 01:15:00.800 --> 01:15:05.000 it used to be called the climatic optimum because it was considered that this was 802 01:15:05.119 --> 01:15:12.800 optimum climatic environment. Right, that was actually warmer than now. But this 803 01:15:12.880 --> 01:15:17.560 came in the immediate aftermath of the ice age. So if we have a 804 01:15:17.800 --> 01:15:26.640 terminal event at the younger dryest boundary, that could have been devastating to earlier 805 01:15:26.720 --> 01:15:33.479 cultures, the Clovis culture, perhaps the Solutrean culture in Europe. There's evidence 806 01:15:33.520 --> 01:15:39.039 that there was a major popular emerging now and this is rudimentary, it needs 807 01:15:39.119 --> 01:15:45.159 confirmation, but it's pointing in the direction that there was a major population crash 808 01:15:45.439 --> 01:15:51.479 associated human population crafts associated with the younger dryest and the megafonal extinctions, right, 809 01:15:53.439 --> 01:15:58.479 that is going to require several millennia to recover from. It'd be just 810 01:15:58.600 --> 01:16:02.000 like if we had a major, multiple impact type event now that wiped out 811 01:16:02.039 --> 01:16:08.479 civilization. How long is it going to take us to start over again? 812 01:16:09.000 --> 01:16:12.640 Yeah, you know, if it's going to take centuries at least. Well, 813 01:16:13.079 --> 01:16:17.039 I think that we could consider the possibility that in the aftermath of the 814 01:16:17.840 --> 01:16:25.600 traumatic end of the ice Age, the traumatic transition from Pleistocene to Holocene, 815 01:16:26.159 --> 01:16:30.119 not only did we lose a lot of species, but we lost culture. 816 01:16:30.119 --> 01:16:34.439 We lost civilization as well. Now, this is a very controversial idea that 817 01:16:34.560 --> 01:16:39.800 I think is way more controversial than it should be. We should be looking 818 01:16:39.840 --> 01:16:46.000 at that very possibility. We're going to take a short commercial break to allow 819 01:16:46.119 --> 01:16:51.840 our sponsors to identify themselves, and we will return shortly to my guest today, 820 01:16:53.560 --> 01:17:15.279 Randald Carlson, will be right back, thinking back on when I used 821 01:17:15.319 --> 01:17:23.560 to hold your hand, feeling lost and found at the same time the distant 822 01:17:23.760 --> 01:17:36.640 memory how are you and me so bitter, sweet and true? With Renald 823 01:17:36.680 --> 01:17:43.960 Carlson is a keynote speaker at the upcoming Cosmic Summit conference June fifteenth, and 824 01:17:44.039 --> 01:17:48.560 sixteenth in Greensboro, North Carolina. For more information, go to cosmicsummit dot 825 01:17:48.600 --> 01:17:56.680 com forward slash Earth Ancients. What are you going to be able to find 826 01:17:56.680 --> 01:18:04.039 though that as evidence of human death because the heat's going to evaporate the bones 827 01:18:04.479 --> 01:18:09.319 of any Yeah, this is yeah, you're getting Yeah, You're you're honing 828 01:18:09.359 --> 01:18:12.840 in on one of the primary problems is that. Yeah, I mean, 829 01:18:13.199 --> 01:18:16.800 we find the bones of megafonel remains and so on, but we're not finding 830 01:18:16.840 --> 01:18:24.039 the bones of you know, in the same level of proliferation that we're finding 831 01:18:24.079 --> 01:18:27.520 megafonnel remains we were. I mean, for example, there's a one or 832 01:18:27.560 --> 01:18:32.039 two examples of an actual skeleton from somebody who was part of that close culture. 833 01:18:32.680 --> 01:18:39.039 That's a whole other topic, Cliff, But swinging back to what I 834 01:18:39.119 --> 01:18:43.600 was getting at, if you look back at the whole policy and the rise, 835 01:18:43.640 --> 01:18:47.760 where we're at now with civilization, it's here's it. It's like up 836 01:18:48.159 --> 01:18:53.079 down, up, down, up down. We keep getting knocked back, 837 01:18:53.399 --> 01:18:58.279 but then we push ahead. The climatic optimum came to an end about between 838 01:18:58.399 --> 01:19:01.359 five and six thousand years ago, and that caused a major disrupt because it 839 01:19:01.399 --> 01:19:06.359 began to get cold again. And the climate of the planet has steadily cooled 840 01:19:06.399 --> 01:19:11.399 off until it culminated in what we call the Little Ice Age. And the 841 01:19:11.439 --> 01:19:15.920 Little Ice Age really began on about the early thirteen hundreds and only ended like 842 01:19:15.960 --> 01:19:18.399 in the mid eighteen hundreds. It was about a five or six hundred year 843 01:19:18.479 --> 01:19:24.279 period. There was some interruptions within it, but it really had pretty severe 844 01:19:24.399 --> 01:19:30.079 consequences because the Little Ice Age came on right in the aftermath of the Medieval 845 01:19:30.079 --> 01:19:34.119 warm period, which lasted from about nine hundred to the late twelve hundreds. 846 01:19:34.880 --> 01:19:39.039 During this period, this followed right on the heels of the Dark Age. 847 01:19:39.039 --> 01:19:41.600 You've heard of the Dark Age, right, the Dark Ages, right. 848 01:19:42.000 --> 01:19:45.760 The Dark Ages lasted from about the early five hundreds up until about the nine 849 01:19:45.840 --> 01:19:50.199 hundreds, and it was a period of cold, right. It was a 850 01:19:50.239 --> 01:19:59.680 period of stagnation for European civilization that came to an end between nine hundred. 851 01:20:00.560 --> 01:20:06.720 The climate warmed, sea levels rose somewhat, ice receded northward towards the Pole, 852 01:20:06.760 --> 01:20:12.159 and it opened up the sea lands between northern Europe, Iceland, Iceland, 853 01:20:12.199 --> 01:20:15.520 and Greenland. That's when you had the Commonists going out and settling on 854 01:20:15.560 --> 01:20:19.960 the west coast of Greenland. During the beginning of what's called the Medieval Warm 855 01:20:20.000 --> 01:20:29.600 period because of the increased the increased warmth, the increased growing season, the 856 01:20:29.680 --> 01:20:34.560 longer growing season, the fact that you had more agricultural land now available because 857 01:20:34.600 --> 01:20:40.159 of the warm weather. For example, the tree line shifted north. Trees 858 01:20:40.199 --> 01:20:44.279 were now growing two three hundred miles further north than they had been during the 859 01:20:44.399 --> 01:20:51.680 Dark Ages. This was a time when human lifespans increased, human population grew, 860 01:20:53.079 --> 01:20:59.960 infant mortality decreased, even human stature increased. During this Medieval Warm period 861 01:21:00.119 --> 01:21:04.840 because of abundant food. It created leisure time, division of labor, which 862 01:21:04.960 --> 01:21:13.359 then made it possible to undertake this great enterprise of cathedral building. The cathedral 863 01:21:13.399 --> 01:21:18.439 building in Europe in those High Middle Ages coincides exactly with the Medieval Warm period 864 01:21:18.560 --> 01:21:25.119 and the wealth that was a byproduct of that benign climate. Here's what I'm 865 01:21:25.119 --> 01:21:30.199 getting at early thirteen hundreds, the Medieval Warm period, within a decade or 866 01:21:30.239 --> 01:21:32.600 two came to an end. In the first phase of the Little Ice Age 867 01:21:32.680 --> 01:21:39.279 came on, and you had between like thirteen twenty and thirteen forty you had 868 01:21:39.399 --> 01:21:45.399 multiple cold years where there was agricultural failure that led to food shortages. Led 869 01:21:45.439 --> 01:21:53.239 to malnutrition that then led to famine. Famine causes people's immune systems to become 870 01:21:53.319 --> 01:21:58.960 weak, and now they're susceptible to opportunistic diseases. And then in the thirteen 871 01:21:59.039 --> 01:22:03.279 forties you had the Black Death, the bubonic plague that came in and wiped 872 01:22:03.319 --> 01:22:10.439 out at least a third depopulation of Europe. That was an extraordinary catastrophe, 873 01:22:10.680 --> 01:22:15.760 and it resulted from the return of the cold. Right now, come back. 874 01:22:16.439 --> 01:22:21.000 Meanwhile, because of the cold, glaciers worldwide began to expand, and 875 01:22:21.039 --> 01:22:27.159 they got bigger around the world than they had been since the end of the 876 01:22:27.239 --> 01:22:31.760 Great Ice Age thirteen thousand years ago. People don't understand this. When we 877 01:22:31.880 --> 01:22:35.800 start talking about glacier recession, we have to look at, well, what's 878 01:22:35.840 --> 01:22:41.359 the baseline. Well, the baseline is the mid eighteen hundreds, when these 879 01:22:41.640 --> 01:22:45.119 swollen glaciers of the Little Ice Age began to shrink back. But what we're 880 01:22:45.119 --> 01:22:50.439 now knowing, and we've got overwhelming evidence to prove that the ice sheets were 881 01:22:50.560 --> 01:22:55.079 bigger than they had been in ten or twelve thousand years, and there were 882 01:22:55.119 --> 01:22:58.960 times in the pass when they are smaller than now. Okay, now, 883 01:22:59.000 --> 01:23:01.359 all of this is a content here's what I'm getting at. If we look 884 01:23:01.520 --> 01:23:06.920 at the last quarter million year's cliff and we go, okay, the Holocene 885 01:23:08.199 --> 01:23:12.359 has given us this period of say, ten thousand years of interglacial warmth. 886 01:23:12.960 --> 01:23:16.159 We've been able to create what is now becoming a global civilization. If we 887 01:23:16.199 --> 01:23:21.439 don't blow it by getting into World War three Okay, which I'm praying we 888 01:23:21.560 --> 01:23:28.039 don't, but considering the intelligence of some of our leaders now. But if 889 01:23:28.039 --> 01:23:30.479 we don't do that, I mean, we have the potential to become a 890 01:23:30.680 --> 01:23:38.479 truly unified global civilization that could literally become cosmic. If we start cooperating with 891 01:23:38.560 --> 01:23:42.439 the other major nations around the world rather than trying to go to war with 892 01:23:42.560 --> 01:23:49.319 them over this maulenthusian view of diminishing resources, we could become a cosmic civilization. 893 01:23:49.640 --> 01:23:56.359 Once we become a cosmic civilization, we are the more we move in 894 01:23:56.359 --> 01:24:00.720 that direction, the more we're immunizing ourselves against the kind of cosmic catastrophes that 895 01:24:00.760 --> 01:24:05.239 wiped out tal Alhamam, that caused the Younger dryas. Now. In conclusion, 896 01:24:05.279 --> 01:24:09.640 I'm going to say this, the Holocene is unique. Within the quarter 897 01:24:09.680 --> 01:24:15.159 million years two hundred fifty thousand years, there's one other analog to the Holocene 898 01:24:15.199 --> 01:24:20.079 and the ten thy twelve thousand years of Holocene warmth. That is this period 899 01:24:20.079 --> 01:24:26.159 that I mentioned a few minutes ago, called the Emian marine isis isotope Stage 900 01:24:26.199 --> 01:24:30.479 five E. It lasted from about one hundred and fifteen thousand years ago to 901 01:24:30.520 --> 01:24:36.159 one hundred and thirty thousand years ago. Okay, that was a period that 902 01:24:36.319 --> 01:24:44.880 is now considered to be the analogue the only other time in the whole two 903 01:24:45.000 --> 01:24:48.439 hundred and fifty to three hundred thousand years or longer that we can now reconstruct 904 01:24:48.439 --> 01:24:56.279 the climate where we had a period of interglacial warmth relatively similar to our own 905 01:24:56.359 --> 01:25:02.840 the Holocene. It means that during that sea levels were actually about twenty feet 906 01:25:02.880 --> 01:25:08.760 higher than them, so it means glaciers were much smaller. Right, it 907 01:25:08.840 --> 01:25:13.640 was warm, there was abundant rainfall. It would have been if ever there 908 01:25:13.720 --> 01:25:18.760 was a time in prehistory when people might have discovered agriculture, it would have 909 01:25:18.760 --> 01:25:25.560 been during the Emian. Now, if you discover agriculture and you start growing 910 01:25:25.560 --> 01:25:30.359 abundant food, and you have more food, and you can stockpile food, 911 01:25:30.439 --> 01:25:33.800 and people are not going hungry, they're not families because of a drought or 912 01:25:34.319 --> 01:25:39.840 the onset of cold or whatever. You now have the ability to grow population. 913 01:25:40.439 --> 01:25:43.560 You grow the population, you can now have the division of labor. 914 01:25:43.960 --> 01:25:47.880 Well, it's only in that circumstance, like Plato says in his Two Dialogues, 915 01:25:47.920 --> 01:25:50.520 it's only when you get to that level, that you can now have 916 01:25:51.000 --> 01:25:56.279 philosophy. You can now have science. You can have people making you know, 917 01:25:57.319 --> 01:26:01.880 minute observations of celestial motion, and of studying plants, studying biology, 918 01:26:01.960 --> 01:26:08.960 and mathematics, geometry, all of these things that would emerge clearly if you've 919 01:26:09.000 --> 01:26:15.239 got some spare time on your hands. Well, anybody could discover geometry. 920 01:26:15.199 --> 01:26:17.840 Put a pole in the ground with a rope around it, and you can 921 01:26:17.920 --> 01:26:23.000 draw a circle. And that's the beginning of geometry. That leads you into 922 01:26:23.000 --> 01:26:26.880 the whole magical realm of geometry. And geometry then opens the door to the 923 01:26:26.880 --> 01:26:30.479 whole edifice of mathematics. All mathematics traces back to geometry. Now here's what 924 01:26:30.520 --> 01:26:36.359 I'm getting at. Here's my point. The challenge to me would be knowing 925 01:26:36.439 --> 01:26:42.479 now what we know about the Emian The challenge might be to explain why a 926 01:26:42.600 --> 01:26:47.720 civilization did not emerge and evolve out of the Emian one hundred and twenty thousand 927 01:26:47.760 --> 01:26:53.560 years ago. That's the way. And I'm probably going to take that up 928 01:26:53.600 --> 01:26:57.760 in more detail at the Cosmic Summit, and I'm going to be talking about 929 01:26:57.960 --> 01:27:00.000 you know, I've got a new podcast now called King of Geometry. It's 930 01:27:00.000 --> 01:27:03.439 called Squaring the Circle. Oh dude, you should talk about that. When 931 01:27:03.439 --> 01:27:08.960 did when did you launch that? Oh recently within the last what six weeks? 932 01:27:09.000 --> 01:27:12.119 I think I've got six up, So that's three. Now you have 933 01:27:13.159 --> 01:27:17.479 a right. I have Cosmographia, both Cosmographia, and then you have Ranald 934 01:27:17.520 --> 01:27:23.560 Carlson. Well, Randalcarlson dot com will get you to my stuff. Just 935 01:27:23.640 --> 01:27:28.000 Randall Carlson dot com. I must say that Carlson is spelled with an O. 936 01:27:28.399 --> 01:27:30.840 Randall is spelled with two l's. Randall Carlson c A R L S 937 01:27:30.880 --> 01:27:34.000 O N. Yeah. But you know the boys I was working with, 938 01:27:34.079 --> 01:27:38.920 Brad Young and Russ and Kyle Allen. Yeah you know those guys. Yeah, 939 01:27:38.960 --> 01:27:43.079 all of them, super good guys. Well, when we launched Cosmography 940 01:27:43.159 --> 01:27:45.800 about four years ago, we were all we all had different schedules and we 941 01:27:46.159 --> 01:27:50.880 regularly met every week to put out a put out an episode. Well within 942 01:27:50.920 --> 01:27:57.119 the last year year and a half, we've gotten all so busy and traveling 943 01:27:57.199 --> 01:28:00.000 a lot. Yeah, and it became we were like only getting an episode 944 01:28:00.000 --> 01:28:03.079 out about once a month. Oh that's not good. Yeah, that's not 945 01:28:03.159 --> 01:28:10.119 good at all. No, So Cosmographia is still a viable entity and we 946 01:28:10.239 --> 01:28:15.159 will be putting out special episodes of Cosmographia today. You have a great website 947 01:28:15.159 --> 01:28:18.439 for Cosmographia. I just checked it out before we started. Yeah. Cool. 948 01:28:18.479 --> 01:28:25.119 And then so the new podcast is really it doesn't depend it can be 949 01:28:25.319 --> 01:28:28.600 just me. I've built this studio over the past year, year and a 950 01:28:28.640 --> 01:28:31.960 half. Yeah, a bundle. I've got a whole new podcast studio built. 951 01:28:31.960 --> 01:28:34.359 I'm sitting in. It's a big space. You're in there, it's 952 01:28:34.399 --> 01:28:38.560 great. Yeah, And I've put part of my library back there, and 953 01:28:38.600 --> 01:28:45.159 I've got you can see like all my research see if I can. Wow. 954 01:28:45.640 --> 01:28:48.279 Yeah, you got Shelby units and wow. Okay, yeah a mixing 955 01:28:48.319 --> 01:28:51.479 board, big mixing board. Yeah, I got a mixing board. So 956 01:28:51.560 --> 01:28:57.000 yeah, I'm I'm We're So who's producing this new podcast? Is it just 957 01:28:57.159 --> 01:28:59.880 you? Or do you have anybody working? I got I'm working with my 958 01:29:00.199 --> 01:29:04.039 Robertson CEO and founder of Howtube. Okay. In fact, next week we're 959 01:29:04.079 --> 01:29:09.640 gonna we're going down to Sarasota, Florida, and I'm going to be meeting 960 01:29:10.199 --> 01:29:15.640 We're going to be meeting with the executives of Rumble or you've heard of them, 961 01:29:15.720 --> 01:29:19.000 Rumbled, Yeah, excellent, So we're going to probably form a partnership 962 01:29:19.000 --> 01:29:24.560 with them. Excellent. They will be hosting the podcast, the new podcast 963 01:29:25.119 --> 01:29:29.279 super So. Yeah, I'm excited about that. Congratulations, And we're going 964 01:29:29.319 --> 01:29:32.880 to mention that you're going to be at the Cosmic Summit fifteenth and sixteth You'll 965 01:29:32.920 --> 01:29:38.520 be there both days. It actually officially launches on Friday the fourteenth with the 966 01:29:38.520 --> 01:29:43.479 big dinner. Yeah, everyone showing up. If you want more information on 967 01:29:43.640 --> 01:29:48.880 Randall or the other excellent speakers, go to Cosmicsummit, dot com, Forward 968 01:29:48.920 --> 01:29:55.079 slash Earth Ancients. I'm telling people who can't make it out to North Carolina 969 01:29:55.119 --> 01:30:00.840 to do the streaming product because it's excellent. And George told me the other 970 01:30:00.920 --> 01:30:04.479 day that you get to keep all the files. If you can't make everybody, 971 01:30:05.079 --> 01:30:10.119 you can't make a talk, you get the files for I think it's 972 01:30:10.159 --> 01:30:12.479 just one hundred bucks for two days, which is really, really it be 973 01:30:12.560 --> 01:30:16.680 something extraordinarily affordable and for the quality of the content you're going to get is 974 01:30:16.760 --> 01:30:25.239 unprecedented. I've done so many conferences over the years, and they range all 975 01:30:25.239 --> 01:30:29.000 the way from kind of dry, kind of boring, scientific all the way 976 01:30:29.039 --> 01:30:33.800 to very much very woo on the other hand, where people are saying this 977 01:30:33.880 --> 01:30:39.560 to how in the world do you confirm or verify that actually this is different? 978 01:30:39.920 --> 01:30:44.279 This is a mix. You've got a little you've got some stuff that 979 01:30:44.319 --> 01:30:48.479 would be considered fringe, but every presenter has done their homework. Yeah, 980 01:30:48.760 --> 01:30:56.640 the references has the foundation and it's a very interesting mix of cutting edge science 981 01:30:56.960 --> 01:31:02.079 of speculative ideas about where we're going in ancient history. It's very open minded, 982 01:31:02.640 --> 01:31:06.600 but the WU factor is very minimal. And that's why we're a sponsor, 983 01:31:06.720 --> 01:31:13.960 because it's I I like your definition. It's got good foundation, and 984 01:31:14.159 --> 01:31:17.680 it's got good research, and it's not too WU. There's some there's some 985 01:31:17.920 --> 01:31:26.119 there's some fringe, but not dominating this show. Over the last few years. 986 01:31:26.159 --> 01:31:28.319 Yeah, I've seen some stuff. I'm like, oh, come on, 987 01:31:29.000 --> 01:31:31.880 come on, we got to be open minded, you know you've got 988 01:31:31.880 --> 01:31:34.760 to. You got the WU wo on one end and then you've got these 989 01:31:34.920 --> 01:31:42.479 gatekeepers of of acceptable narrative. On the other they're the guys that are attacking 990 01:31:42.560 --> 01:31:47.279 Graham and calling them a white supremacist, and it's just it's nuts. Did 991 01:31:47.359 --> 01:31:51.439 you see Graham debate? Uh? Did you see him on Rogan debate? 992 01:31:51.520 --> 01:31:55.600 I haven't seen that yet. But he didn't need to do that, but 993 01:31:55.680 --> 01:31:58.800 he decided he wanted to debate this. I don't know what Graham's thinking, 994 01:31:58.840 --> 01:32:04.039 but anyhow, he feels that he needs to debate orthodoxy. It's two points 995 01:32:04.039 --> 01:32:08.159 of view. Been on him to debate, to debate these guys. I 996 01:32:08.199 --> 01:32:13.439 haven't seen it yet. Joe Rogan texted me shortly thereafter wanted my opinion on 997 01:32:13.520 --> 01:32:15.279 it. I sent him back a text said, well, Joe, I 998 01:32:15.319 --> 01:32:18.039 haven't seen it, but I will watch it, you know, sometime in 999 01:32:18.079 --> 01:32:21.520 the near future, and I'll let you know what I think. But you 1000 01:32:21.600 --> 01:32:27.159 know, I read the stuff that Lint Dibble wrote and it was just nauseating, 1001 01:32:27.239 --> 01:32:30.520 and it was just, you know, the narrative is ridiculous. It's 1002 01:32:30.560 --> 01:32:33.479 like what I did was I collected and I'm going to do a podcast about 1003 01:32:33.760 --> 01:32:42.119 my research into the reaction to ancient apocalypse, right, so looking into it 1004 01:32:42.319 --> 01:32:48.439 what I saw was I collected maybe eight or ten different mainstream media treatments of 1005 01:32:48.479 --> 01:32:54.199 it, and they were here's what struck me. These guys are all reading 1006 01:32:54.239 --> 01:32:58.359 from the same script. Yeah, you know, where in the hell are 1007 01:32:58.359 --> 01:33:01.439 they coming up with this white soup pharmacy, you know, racism? You 1008 01:33:01.479 --> 01:33:06.640 know, look, Graham Hancock has a has a dark skinned wife, beautiful 1009 01:33:06.640 --> 01:33:12.880 woman from Africa. No, she's from Malaysia. Oh I thought she's from 1010 01:33:12.880 --> 01:33:15.279 Africa. No, she's from Malaysia. But okay, it doesn't matter. 1011 01:33:15.319 --> 01:33:19.640 She's a woman of color, mixed race. Kids, Where are you coming 1012 01:33:19.680 --> 01:33:24.079 from with this crap? Well, you know what I saw when I read 1013 01:33:24.119 --> 01:33:28.840 it. You know, here you have some you know, archaeologist calling him 1014 01:33:28.840 --> 01:33:33.039 a pseudo archaeologist, because apparently you're not allowed to so some questions you're not 1015 01:33:33.159 --> 01:33:38.279 allowed to ask, like, oh, let's see, is it perhaps a 1016 01:33:38.319 --> 01:33:44.239 more deeper, more complex story of human history on planet Earth than mainstream science 1017 01:33:44.520 --> 01:33:47.039 is recognizing? And I think the answer is obviously yes, But you're not 1018 01:33:47.119 --> 01:33:51.880 allowed to ask that. You're not allowed to ask it or even question what 1019 01:33:51.920 --> 01:33:56.279 the current narrative is. Yeah, you can't question that. And as I 1020 01:33:56.359 --> 01:34:01.119 went through these attacks on him, here's what's struck me. Yeah, they're 1021 01:34:01.159 --> 01:34:06.920 all even some of the same phraseology they're using throughout these different like they're all 1022 01:34:06.960 --> 01:34:12.279 reading from the same script. So I did a lecture not long after that 1023 01:34:12.600 --> 01:34:15.199 where there was a couple hundred people in the audience, and I said, 1024 01:34:15.720 --> 01:34:20.119 would you I'm just curious among you group of people, how many of you 1025 01:34:20.199 --> 01:34:24.399 saw in trim Apocalypse? And I would say at least two thirds of the 1026 01:34:24.439 --> 01:34:28.520 hands went up? Okay, I said, okay, now answer me this. 1027 01:34:28.640 --> 01:34:30.119 Of all of you people, and there's probably one hundred to one hundred 1028 01:34:30.159 --> 01:34:33.399 and fifty of you in here who've seen it, how many of you Your 1029 01:34:33.439 --> 01:34:41.560 takeaway from that is that Graham Hancock is a conspiracy mongering white supremacist racist. 1030 01:34:42.239 --> 01:34:45.000 God guess how many hands went up? Zero? Yeah, But how is 1031 01:34:45.039 --> 01:34:51.760 it that amongst mainstream media, these reporters and journalists and these who I called 1032 01:34:51.760 --> 01:34:58.439 the true pseudo archaeologists are all putting that narrative on it. No, they're 1033 01:34:58.479 --> 01:35:03.119 not all coming up in depending that Graham Hancock is proposing racism. They're all 1034 01:35:03.199 --> 01:35:08.399 reading from the same script. So my question then becomes is, Okay, 1035 01:35:09.000 --> 01:35:12.359 where was the origin of this script? Who is coming up with this, 1036 01:35:12.840 --> 01:35:15.800 sending this out, here's the memo. This is what you're supposed to say 1037 01:35:16.000 --> 01:35:21.279 about ancient apocalypse. It irritates the hell out of me. But you know 1038 01:35:21.359 --> 01:35:25.520 what, I think I see it as a sign of desperation. I think 1039 01:35:25.520 --> 01:35:34.000 they're on their last legs, and I see more revolutionary discoveries and thinking because 1040 01:35:34.279 --> 01:35:44.800 there's a new class of anthropologists and archaeologists that are accepting that they need to 1041 01:35:45.039 --> 01:35:50.840 review old narrative. I mean, these guys are are taught from books that 1042 01:35:50.880 --> 01:35:57.119 are one hundred to two hundred years old, and that old school needs to 1043 01:35:57.199 --> 01:35:59.920 pass. We need to go beyond the old school. So yeah, and 1044 01:36:00.279 --> 01:36:02.680 I think there are there is a new generation of like like you said, 1045 01:36:02.800 --> 01:36:10.399 archaeologists, geologists that are that are you know, looking at history and prehistory 1046 01:36:10.439 --> 01:36:13.399 with a much more open mind and saying, well, yeah, there is 1047 01:36:13.520 --> 01:36:17.279 evidence that that there are things that is not are not being explained by the 1048 01:36:17.319 --> 01:36:23.840 mainstream narrative, the established paradigm of our ancient past. They don't see it. 1049 01:36:24.159 --> 01:36:27.159 They don't see it because I mean, I have this big problem, 1050 01:36:27.600 --> 01:36:35.159 Randall, when you have an educated individual who is taught by his professors not 1051 01:36:35.279 --> 01:36:43.039 to look beyond the boundaries of what he's been told. You're screwed. Yeah, 1052 01:36:43.079 --> 01:36:46.199 you have to have you have to have an education system that says look 1053 01:36:46.399 --> 01:36:50.880 beyond with a with a grain of salt. There's a there's a mayanist. 1054 01:36:50.920 --> 01:36:57.439 Her name is Linda Sheeley, who passed away, who trained a bunch of 1055 01:36:57.800 --> 01:37:03.359 archaeologists to look beyond and to One of our regulars on my show is a 1056 01:37:03.359 --> 01:37:12.399 guy named doctor Edwin Barnhardt's. He's great because he will allow consideration of a 1057 01:37:12.439 --> 01:37:15.279 different narrative. That's how we have to have it. That's how we have 1058 01:37:15.359 --> 01:37:19.159 to have it. So hey, really a pleasure having you on the program. 1059 01:37:19.920 --> 01:37:23.600 Before we go, let me just mention one thing I have to do 1060 01:37:23.640 --> 01:37:29.279 this go ahead because it's it's something that that people need to know. You 1061 01:37:29.319 --> 01:37:31.439 know you mentioned three websites. Well, you know one of those websites that 1062 01:37:31.479 --> 01:37:35.399 I used to be affiliated with I had to completely part company with. We 1063 01:37:35.439 --> 01:37:40.600 talked about that and we have Yeah, what was the name. It's been 1064 01:37:40.720 --> 01:37:45.800 ramped up. I think what he's doing now is using optimization techniques to drive 1065 01:37:45.840 --> 01:37:49.840 people to that website. Oh it's still up. It's still up. In 1066 01:37:50.000 --> 01:37:56.399 fight of being served two season desist letters it's still up. He's still selling 1067 01:37:56.439 --> 01:38:01.800 my work using my name and my likeness. You can go to the website. 1068 01:38:02.239 --> 01:38:08.479 He sends out a newsletter where he'll open the newsletter by attacking me and 1069 01:38:08.560 --> 01:38:13.159 anybody that I'm working with, and then right there on the next page, 1070 01:38:13.239 --> 01:38:15.880 he's selling my work. He's been living off of my work for nearly a 1071 01:38:15.920 --> 01:38:21.279 decade. It's been going on five years now that he has confiscated every cent 1072 01:38:21.399 --> 01:38:25.840 that's come in from the sale of my work. And these are just simple 1073 01:38:25.920 --> 01:38:30.640 facts. Anybody can be He's he's been going online saying that I'm lying about 1074 01:38:30.640 --> 01:38:34.119 it, but it's easily verified. Can you give us the RL what's the 1075 01:38:34.119 --> 01:38:38.720 web address? So well, it's Sacred Geometry International. That's the one. 1076 01:38:38.800 --> 01:38:43.439 Okay, one, that's one. It's still up. It's as poisonous as 1077 01:38:43.479 --> 01:38:47.319 as it became. Why I had to disassociate from it, and he's yeah, 1078 01:38:48.039 --> 01:38:54.279 you know, after four years of promoting QAnon, I'm like, dude, 1079 01:38:55.159 --> 01:38:58.880 this is not I'm not associated with. Why are you using a website 1080 01:38:59.800 --> 01:39:03.920 that's promoting my work, that's hosting my work, and now you're using it 1081 01:39:03.960 --> 01:39:09.680 to promote QAnon and other stuff that I have nothing to do. With you 1082 01:39:09.720 --> 01:39:12.039 out right, and that was sort of the beginning of the end, and 1083 01:39:12.079 --> 01:39:15.119 then it just degenerated from there. And then there was a sort of a 1084 01:39:16.720 --> 01:39:25.479 manufactured drama about four years ago involving Russ's and Kyle and Brad the great great 1085 01:39:25.520 --> 01:39:31.399 guys like family to me, attacking those guys and then using this manufactured drama 1086 01:39:31.840 --> 01:39:38.239 to justify seizing appropriating my work. And he's been living on it for years 1087 01:39:38.319 --> 01:39:45.520 now. I am so amazed that cease and desist doesn't stop him. But 1088 01:39:45.840 --> 01:39:47.520 he doesn't realize. I mean, you know, like they're all saying, 1089 01:39:47.560 --> 01:39:51.000 you know, when you find yourself trapped in a hole, stop digging. 1090 01:39:51.039 --> 01:39:57.880 But he's continued to dig and everything that he puts out is just you know, 1091 01:39:58.439 --> 01:40:00.159 well, I just wanted to let pe no, that is not me. 1092 01:40:00.720 --> 01:40:05.279 Okay, go to that website. You're supporting fraud. I'll be clear, 1093 01:40:05.560 --> 01:40:09.920 it's totally fraudulent. You'll see my picture, you'll see my work for 1094 01:40:10.039 --> 01:40:15.000 sports sale, but it's fraudulent. I received not one penny from any of 1095 01:40:15.039 --> 01:40:19.960 that. He's got over ninety of video clips of podcasts I've done with people 1096 01:40:20.079 --> 01:40:24.119 like we're doing right here. Yeah, he's got there, and you go 1097 01:40:24.199 --> 01:40:28.840 there and he's generating advertising revenue from it. I see none of it. 1098 01:40:29.359 --> 01:40:31.640 In the last year or two, I've been approached by number of people that 1099 01:40:31.760 --> 01:40:38.119 said, oh man, I made donations to that site thinking I was donating 1100 01:40:38.159 --> 01:40:43.319 to you and I and so yeah, it's I just I gotta let go 1101 01:40:43.399 --> 01:40:45.439 public with this. Yeah. No, that's fine, and I'm happy you 1102 01:40:45.479 --> 01:40:48.800 are, because my audience will come back to me and say, hey, 1103 01:40:48.800 --> 01:40:55.720 I went to Sacred Geomeory International and doesn't look like what Randall's all about. 1104 01:40:55.960 --> 01:40:59.479 Yeah, it's definitely not what Randall is all about. And I think that 1105 01:40:59.760 --> 01:41:03.560 you know it's going to come to an end. Very give us a reminder 1106 01:41:03.600 --> 01:41:10.079 of the of the actual functioning sites that you are Randall, carlist dot com 1107 01:41:10.119 --> 01:41:14.600 that's it, right, andhowtube dot com. You can find everything with those 1108 01:41:14.600 --> 01:41:17.520 two pretty much. Okay, Now, I was on Randallcarlson dot com talk 1109 01:41:17.600 --> 01:41:23.800 real briefly about your upcoming events, because you got one in June at the 1110 01:41:23.840 --> 01:41:27.199 beginning of June, you got the you got what you got one at the 1111 01:41:27.239 --> 01:41:30.479 beginning of June, and then you got the actual summit, and then you're 1112 01:41:30.520 --> 01:41:35.800 doing something in September. Yeah, okay, So we just did we just 1113 01:41:35.880 --> 01:41:41.479 did a tour of the Great Floodlands of Eastern Washington. That's done. Okay, 1114 01:41:41.760 --> 01:41:45.640 that's done. I got back a week ago. I'm still finally kind 1115 01:41:45.640 --> 01:41:47.119 of recovered because you get a whole week you're out on a tour, you 1116 01:41:47.159 --> 01:41:51.560 got thirty five or forty people. Yeah, you're you gotta be on constant 1117 01:41:51.680 --> 01:41:58.159 I understandt bad that I was sleeping in the resort. The lodge we stayed 1118 01:41:58.159 --> 01:42:00.800 in was great, but the bad I had to shift over and sleep on 1119 01:42:00.880 --> 01:42:05.479 the couch. I don't like soft beds anyways, So a week long sleep 1120 01:42:05.600 --> 01:42:10.720 deprivation. Took me about three days to recover from that. But it was 1121 01:42:10.760 --> 01:42:14.479 a great tour and we saw some I've gotten really good feedback. And as 1122 01:42:14.600 --> 01:42:18.000 always, we do these tours and the people that come together around these tours 1123 01:42:18.039 --> 01:42:21.960 are just some of the best people. People you want to know, you 1124 01:42:23.000 --> 01:42:26.239 know, when you know this, Cliff, I think there's a whole community, 1125 01:42:26.279 --> 01:42:30.680 a family of people growing around these ideas. Yes, like, your 1126 01:42:30.840 --> 01:42:33.399 your role has been You've been doing this for how long. Now we're celebrating 1127 01:42:33.439 --> 01:42:39.039 our tenth year this month. That's awesome, man. Yeah, high five 1128 01:42:39.079 --> 01:42:43.279 to you, dude. But yeah, so I think what we've been doing. 1129 01:42:44.000 --> 01:42:45.479 You know, you and me and many others, dozens of others. 1130 01:42:45.880 --> 01:42:49.319 You know, we don't necessarily all have the same perspective or necessarily agree on 1131 01:42:49.359 --> 01:42:54.079 every single issue. But what we are doing is we're asking questions and we're 1132 01:42:54.079 --> 01:42:59.920 bringing together a family or community of people. We're looking outside the dogmas and 1133 01:43:00.039 --> 01:43:04.000 outside the established narratives and realizing that, you know what, there's a new 1134 01:43:04.079 --> 01:43:10.520 story about our own past and that is going to open the doors to incredible 1135 01:43:10.560 --> 01:43:14.520 possibilities into our new future. And one of the things that as you know, 1136 01:43:14.600 --> 01:43:16.840 well you've been talking to George Howard, you know that there's going to 1137 01:43:16.840 --> 01:43:24.199 be presentations about the emerging plasma technology, and we didn't talk about that, 1138 01:43:24.479 --> 01:43:28.479 but this is going to be a critical part of what's going in the next 1139 01:43:28.560 --> 01:43:33.720 year, two or three. This emerging technology could be a major game changer 1140 01:43:34.359 --> 01:43:41.000 in terms of the industrial landscape of planet Earth in many different ways. And 1141 01:43:41.039 --> 01:43:45.920 it could also open the door to a deeper understanding going back to that question 1142 01:43:46.159 --> 01:43:51.760 of if there was previous civilizations, here's one of the problems and I know 1143 01:43:51.800 --> 01:43:55.920 we got to go but one of the problems that I see it with the 1144 01:43:56.279 --> 01:44:01.000 mainstream archaeologists. Is they're looking into the past Number one, with no appreciation 1145 01:44:01.279 --> 01:44:08.279 of the extreme extent to which this planet has been remodeled from time to time. 1146 01:44:09.600 --> 01:44:14.720 Secondly, they're basically holding a mirror up in front of them and they're 1147 01:44:14.760 --> 01:44:19.359 looking for you know, civilization necessarily has to look like what we've created, 1148 01:44:19.560 --> 01:44:23.640 right, and it doesn't. It doesn't have to be anything like that. 1149 01:44:23.680 --> 01:44:29.399 And once you begin to understand the potential of the plasma energy could be the 1150 01:44:29.399 --> 01:44:33.600 foundation of a completely different kind of civilization. And what we're now seeing is 1151 01:44:33.640 --> 01:44:39.359 that this technology. The last I heard is we're going to be demonstrating it 1152 01:44:39.439 --> 01:44:43.359 at the Cosmic Summit. So people do need to get on board and learn 1153 01:44:43.399 --> 01:44:49.199 about this, because have you read Robert Temple's book on plasma Robert Temple's book, 1154 01:44:49.319 --> 01:44:54.319 You don't mean this one. I had him on the show when that 1155 01:44:54.359 --> 01:44:59.079 book came out, and that's an amazing topic. Yes, I read the 1156 01:44:59.079 --> 01:45:03.159 book. I've been done a me and George and Robert Temple did a long 1157 01:45:03.920 --> 01:45:09.600 zoom meeting a couple of months ago. Yes, I read this book and 1158 01:45:09.680 --> 01:45:13.279 it certainly does. Yeah, so you're kind of up to speed on this, 1159 01:45:13.520 --> 01:45:15.319 Yeah, I totally. I totally get it. But what you're talking 1160 01:45:15.359 --> 01:45:21.199 about is the next level, which is which is a civilization creation and things 1161 01:45:21.279 --> 01:45:25.560 like that. Yes, I gotta go. It's been wonderful speaking with you. 1162 01:45:26.399 --> 01:45:29.760 I think it's been a more than twelve months since we have you. 1163 01:45:29.840 --> 01:45:35.560 Let's get back to regular communications and great having you on the program and continue 1164 01:45:35.600 --> 01:45:40.600 success my friend. Thanks and I look forward to actually meeting you in person 1165 01:45:40.680 --> 01:45:45.800 someday. All right, we haven't met in person yet, but I was 1166 01:45:45.840 --> 01:45:48.359 hoping you'd be at the Cosmic Summit and we can shake hands. We'll do 1167 01:45:48.399 --> 01:45:53.000 it next time. We'll have a bro hug. But hey, we'll have 1168 01:45:53.039 --> 01:46:02.600 a chance. Guy, I know a vessel of knowledge Randall is. He's 1169 01:46:02.680 --> 01:46:06.039 just ongoing a lot of fun having him on the program. I hope you 1170 01:46:06.199 --> 01:46:12.720 enjoyed that interview. I will definitely be having him back. We always have 1171 01:46:12.840 --> 01:46:15.960 Randall at the end of the year. Kind of the best of the best, 1172 01:46:15.000 --> 01:46:20.199 Hancock, Carlson, Cremo. I don't know who else will be the 1173 01:46:20.239 --> 01:46:25.720 best of the best. It's the month of December each year we do this 1174 01:46:26.079 --> 01:46:30.920 and it's always fun speaking with him again. I really urge you to consider 1175 01:46:30.960 --> 01:46:38.039 the Cosmic Summit conference June fifteenth and sixteenth in Greensboro, North Carolina. If 1176 01:46:38.079 --> 01:46:42.960 you can get out there, it's very reasonably priced. If you can't get 1177 01:46:43.000 --> 01:46:47.000 out and a lot of people can't fly because of the time and the expense 1178 01:46:47.079 --> 01:46:54.199 and whatever, consider the streaming media and to get that information, go to 1179 01:46:54.680 --> 01:47:00.359 Cosmicsummit dot com, forward Slasher of Ancients, look for the virtual Pass or 1180 01:47:00.399 --> 01:47:05.479 the streaming Media Pass and click it. It's one hundred bucks for two days, 1181 01:47:05.520 --> 01:47:11.640 which is very very reasonable. Most conferences are in the one fifty a 1182 01:47:11.800 --> 01:47:17.239 day price range, some as high as two and we're talking about over twenty 1183 01:47:17.279 --> 01:47:24.159 speakers. Previn Mohan, Randall, Carlson, Robert Schock, Scott Walter, 1184 01:47:24.479 --> 01:47:29.079 on and on and on. Check out their lineup. It's very reasonable. 1185 01:47:29.399 --> 01:47:34.319 You get to keep the folders too, the content folders, so those presentations, 1186 01:47:34.399 --> 01:47:40.159 if you miss one or two or the whole show, you can still 1187 01:47:40.199 --> 01:47:45.560 have those files to watch your leisure. So they really make it worth a 1188 01:47:46.159 --> 01:47:54.199 worthwhile checking out. And I strongly urge you to consider the streaming media component 1189 01:47:54.279 --> 01:47:57.880 of the conference. And you know, there's a lot of conferences out there, 1190 01:47:57.880 --> 01:48:00.479 but this is one of the better ones. And this is why Earth 1191 01:48:00.479 --> 01:48:08.600 Ancients as a sponsor simply because of the mix of academic and research investigators. 1192 01:48:08.680 --> 01:48:15.560 Independent research investigators makes it a real fun and informative conference. So check it 1193 01:48:15.560 --> 01:48:21.439 out Cosmic Summit dot com for Slash Earth Ancients. Hey, I want to 1194 01:48:21.479 --> 01:48:28.680 mention that we do tours every year and we do fun, very inexpensive tours 1195 01:48:29.159 --> 01:48:32.600 around the world. We have a really good tour coming up. We actually 1196 01:48:32.600 --> 01:48:39.720 have two more tours this year. Turkey is going to be August fourteenth through 1197 01:48:39.720 --> 01:48:45.000 the twenty fourth. It is a brand new tour with Mohammed Embrahem and an 1198 01:48:45.079 --> 01:48:50.000 archaeologist from Turkey. This is a first for me as well. I've never 1199 01:48:50.039 --> 01:48:54.479 been there and it looks like a blast. We're almost full. We got 1200 01:48:54.520 --> 01:49:00.439 a couple of spots left for the Full Light itinerary, which includes Gobeckley Teppi 1201 01:49:00.079 --> 01:49:08.279 and the fabulous new Discovery Carahan Teppee in the mix. Go to Earth Ancients 1202 01:49:08.399 --> 01:49:13.680 dot com forward Slash Tours and look at the Full itinerary. Now we got 1203 01:49:14.000 --> 01:49:17.880 another tour that is at the end of the year. It's the Sacred Temples 1204 01:49:17.880 --> 01:49:24.920 of Mexico November eighth through the seventeenth, so one weeker and it's packed with 1205 01:49:25.079 --> 01:49:29.840 fun. It's packed with visits to temples, to Mayan cities, and we're 1206 01:49:29.840 --> 01:49:35.199 focusing on pyramid climbs and we climb Ushmol's main pyramid. The Yeah, it's 1207 01:49:35.520 --> 01:49:41.840 the main pyramid. And then we go we go to Ekbaalam, we go 1208 01:49:41.960 --> 01:49:49.520 to chichen Itza, we go to Mayapan and everywhere that we go to except 1209 01:49:49.520 --> 01:49:55.319 for Chichienitsa, unfortunately, we climb pyramids. This is really a good tour 1210 01:49:55.359 --> 01:49:59.039 for people who live in the United States because the flights are very inexpensive. 1211 01:49:59.520 --> 01:50:05.640 To eat Kankon or Mereda and it's fun. Mexico is very reasonably priced, 1212 01:50:05.760 --> 01:50:13.439 very inexpensive, and this tour is based in Mereda and we're gonna see some 1213 01:50:13.479 --> 01:50:19.159 new excavations, We're gonna do some meditations, We're gonna do some manifestation meditations. 1214 01:50:19.640 --> 01:50:25.439 These are power centers and I've been going to Mexico for thirty years and 1215 01:50:25.479 --> 01:50:29.399 it's a blast. So if you have time, if you want to join 1216 01:50:29.479 --> 01:50:32.960 us. We got Turkey, we got Mexico. Check them out. Let 1217 01:50:32.960 --> 01:50:36.159 me know if you have any questions whatsoever. For details, go to Earth 1218 01:50:36.199 --> 01:50:41.279 Ancients dot com forward slash Tours. If you have any questions, send me 1219 01:50:41.319 --> 01:50:46.119 an email at Earth Ancients the number four the letter you at gmail dot com. 1220 01:50:46.159 --> 01:50:50.479 I'll get right back to you. I want to also mention and these 1221 01:50:50.479 --> 01:50:56.640 are coming up in twenty twenty five. We're gonna be in Easter Island. 1222 01:50:56.720 --> 01:51:00.800 This is a once in a lifetime tour with doctor Edwin Barnhardt. It's gonna 1223 01:51:00.800 --> 01:51:04.640 be in the spring, and then we'll probably do Turkey again. We're not 1224 01:51:04.640 --> 01:51:09.800 gonna be in Egypt. We're skipping a year, but we're doing Day of 1225 01:51:09.880 --> 01:51:14.279 the Dead in Guatemala. And this is a one week tour with doctor ed 1226 01:51:14.680 --> 01:51:18.560 And the great thing about that is he has permission for the for the tour 1227 01:51:18.600 --> 01:51:25.640 group to climb the World Pyramid and to call and this is the pyramid that 1228 01:51:26.199 --> 01:51:32.600 John Burke tested that has a tolluric energy signature at it's the highest and early 1229 01:51:32.640 --> 01:51:34.720 in the morning, and this is what we'll do is we go, we 1230 01:51:34.760 --> 01:51:40.680 get up around five and we climb this pyramid and we sit on it until 1231 01:51:40.680 --> 01:51:45.159 the sun rises. This is the highest point of the energy field, the 1232 01:51:45.279 --> 01:51:47.479 highest point, so you're gonna feel it. It's like you're gonna be plugged 1233 01:51:47.479 --> 01:51:50.560 into a battery and you know, it's funny. I was talking to Jim 1234 01:51:50.680 --> 01:51:56.199 Dale about it. She did it with her husband Scott a number of years 1235 01:51:56.239 --> 01:52:00.960 ago. She says it was very very interesting, very sensational, and very 1236 01:52:01.600 --> 01:52:04.880 eclectic. In other words, that she's really felt the energy. You could 1237 01:52:04.920 --> 01:52:12.399 hear the birds, the monkeys. It's like one big operatic journey. So 1238 01:52:13.039 --> 01:52:15.800 if you're interested in any of these tours, send me an email. Send 1239 01:52:15.800 --> 01:52:20.079 it to Earth Ancients for you at gmail dot com for the two tours in 1240 01:52:20.159 --> 01:52:26.520 twenty twenty four, Earthancients dot com Forward slash tours let me know, come 1241 01:52:26.520 --> 01:52:29.960 out and join us. Our tours are a blast. They're extremely reasonable. 1242 01:52:30.319 --> 01:52:34.159 For the most part, they're about half off what you'll typically pay for a 1243 01:52:34.279 --> 01:52:41.800 tour in these areas, So Earth Ancients dot com Forward slash Tours. All 1244 01:52:41.880 --> 01:52:44.239 right, that's it for this show. I want to thank my guest today, 1245 01:52:44.319 --> 01:52:49.920 the masterful Randall Carlson, coming to us from Georgia. As always, 1246 01:52:49.960 --> 01:52:55.680 the team of Gail Tour, Mark Foster, and everyone who makes this thing 1247 01:52:55.760 --> 01:53:00.640 happen. You guys rock, all right, take care, be well. 1248 01:53:00.960 --> 01:54:00.760 We will talk to you next time. Doct