Hello, and welcome to the show of Martin. Willis your host, and
you can see those of you watching this on video right out on a deck
over the ocean right where Mark right in the area where Mark d' antonio used
to spend time as a child up here on the coast of Maine. I'll
be bringing him in in just a minute. So this is sort of a
last minute special type show. The show I had earlier this week did not
go well. I did not put it out there. So this is a
one hour show. I'd like to do a show every week, and so
I contacted my good friend Mark D'Antonio and said, Hey, what about doing
a show in a couple of hours, And he said, fine, about
what. I don't know, let's just talk. So we are going to
touch on or at least i'll try to. There's really not a whole lot
to say, but we'll touch on the Congressional Public hearing that's going to happen
next Tuesday. Maybe I'll know a lot more about it on Tuesday after it
happens. Trying to find information about it, it's not real easy. So
I want to thank everyone out there that listens to the show. I want
to thank all the supporters and anyone can do that. The support link is
right on our website podcast UFO dot com. And let me announce the Charles
Leear did the Virginia blog the week before, so he did. He got
interested in this whole thing that's been happening down in Brazil, so he wrote
this one. It's violent UFO encounters in Brazil, and it's a fascinating one.
I am familiar with this one. I hadn't heard about it years ago,
never really looked really deeply into it, but it's it's a good one.
And by the way, Charles A. Leer has who's been writing these
blogs all all these years, has written a book and it's going to be
published on June first, so he's going to be a guest in mid June
sometime. And before I forget next week, we have Sean Cahill from the
Princeton. He was the chief at arms and overseeing that whole TikTok Ufo incident.
He'll be on next week. Well. I did reach out to Luel
Xando today to see if perhaps he could be on the show for just a
couple of minutes and talk about what he thought about the UAP going alive and
hearing going live next week and he's in Washington, DC. He was not
available today and that's unfortunate. But next best thing we got Mark d Antonio.
Are you Mark? The next best thing? All right? The best
thing? Yeah? Oh no, you're you're right. Yeah. We all
make our we all have our place, right, so it's it's it's right.
Well, it's nice to see Martin and I see you up there in
Tennants Habba, I am yep, And we were talking off how I know
it's really gonna drive people crazy, but there's a main accent, and they
do talk a lot like this, right, yeah, that's true. Yeah,
yeah, yeah they do. And here's there's my main hat right here.
Yeah yeah, yeah yeah. I used to go lobstering off that coast
yea, and yeah, a lot ty out in the ocean with the boat
and hanging out there and getting seasick because I'm a landlou Yeah, well,
you know that's a lot. I got a dock this year from my boat,
and I just found out that the boatyard has WiFi. So you know
what that means, don't you. You're gonna be on your boat doing the
show again. Last year. It was a disaster because the WiFi it was
a hot spot on my phone and eight up data really quick and went dead
in the middle, in the middle of the show. And yeah, it
was interesting. But yeah, it should be a great summer up here.
Um, it's really beautiful right now. And I love it up here on
the coast. Anywhere on the coast is good. It even long sleeves or
short sleeves. I'm in long sleeves, but it was it was actually hot
out here on the deck today. Yeah, I believe it. I believe
it. Yeah, it's um, it's about seventy five here today. Actually
it's uh yeah, spring day, that's right. And so I want to
talk about a whole bunch of things. I know I've watched a couple of
your streams that you do your skywatches out in Arizona remotely, which is fantastic.
But for right now, I don't know if you had a chance to
read, but you know, there there is let me pull this up.
There is a port that is i mean hearing that is going to be public
which is coming up on Tuesday, you know, and there's not probably not
really a lot to know right now, you know, And I really have
to caution people. This is probably going to be disappointing to a lot of
people out there that are thinking, Wow, you know, we're going to
be talking, We're going to be hearing about aliens and you know, the
encounters are from another planet or something like that. And I'm I think that
they're probably more or less going to focus on in this public hering. You
know, what are the safety you know, what are the safety issues that
these things may be causing? First? I think that's probably what they're going
to get in there. And here's a this is a quote I'm just going
to read right here. The federal government and intelligence community have a critical role
to play in contextualizing and analyzing reports, said Representative Shift of California, a
Democrat who is the chairman of the House Intelligence Committee. He said the purpose
of the hearing was to eliminate one of the great mysteries of our time and
break the cycle of excessive secrecy and speculation with truth and transparency. I think
that's a pretty good a statement right there. And you know what, what
what this will the openness? If there is indeed openness, You know that
it's better for them because it's going to eliminate a lot of conspiracy theories.
And you know that aliens are bottled in the basement of the Pentagon or something.
You know, Well, I never put much credence in the fact that
the aliens were being penned in down in the Pentagon or any black site whatsoever.
I don't. Yeah, I think those are all stories born out of
fantasy. If you will. I mean, I'm not sure, and I
can't say for sure, but the odds are really really stacked against it.
Right. But let's be clear, Um, I'm an astronomer. I believe
that life exists out there, and I actually think it may have made its
way here. So is it illogical think that they wouldn't be here, wouldn't
be in our space occupying our space. No, it's not illogical. But
we do have to use the rigorous application of science in order to find it,
because let's be honest, it's the rigorous application of science that makes any
of the great strides on the planet, right. I mean, it is
true. You can't think your way and some an aliens and just expect them
to have a Kumbaya moment with you just because you think it's so. I
mean, we need to do more than that, and you know, whether
that process works or not, it isn't a process that, at this point
in our science and our understanding, is an acceptable manner to prove the existence
or the intelligence that might be among us. So yes, whereas I like
science and I adhere to it, I am open to the other things.
But again, if they're really far reaching, then you know, I don't
know what that means. I've seen so many CE five sessions where people are
marbling over satellites that are tumbling and they're blinking, and they shine a laser
and think that they're shining back at them. Yes, yet I take pictures
of these things and show them a dashed line on my camera going across the
sky. That's a tumbling satellite. Have you actually gone to one of those
and did this? Yeah? Actually I've yeah this one. My friend Donna
was at one and was telling me basically the same thing. And then one
of the nights she went it was foggy and rainy and they said the invisible
craft had landed in the yard. So people that are paying big money to
see these things, right, I mean, yeah, I see. So
here's where I get. Here's where I really really have a problem. Okay.
If it's a protocol that works, um, then it should be for
all humanity. It shouldn't be for only those who can afford it. Yeah,
okay, And so I get really bent out of shape when Charlottan's come
along and claim that they're the conduit through which these beings taught billy Meyer,
for instance, that's Bologney. Billy Meyer is a faker and a liar.
Okay, sorry, but that's true. That's there's so much evidence for that,
Um. Mark is not just throwing this out there. There is tons
of evidence um that that he don't fake. I don't know any many things.
I don't make flipping statements, you know, but I will say that,
um. You know, for the CE five protocols, I've watched Charlatan's
calling in UFOs that were actually flares off the coast, proving flares, and
everybody left thinking, Wow, that was a good I spent two thousand dollars
and I got my money's worth. No do you mean, are you Mark?
Are you trying to tell me that someone set off the flares purposely,
like in concert with this situation? No one knows for sure. I just
know that in this particular location, there was a flare exercise going on off
the coast, and it was kind of coincidental that they were also doing the
CE five knowing maybe knowing that the flares are going to go off, and
thus those flares would become the object of attention. Let's be clear. You
know, you ever saw one. I've seen flare drops, many of them,
Okay, right over my head. Actually, fighters from Luke Air Force
Base were flying over my head and when I was in the Arizona Desert and
dropping flares right over my head, you know, and they are an unearthly
orange. They look really really unbelievably unreal. It looks surreal, and it's
a beautiful it's a beautiful color. It's a beautiful it's a beautiful glow.
Uh. And I can understand why people would would feel that way, right,
Yeah. So, but I do know that this particular one that was
done off Florida, that was a well known documented flare drop and it ended
up becoming, uh, you know, absconded with as a CE five success.
And I thought that was a blatant lie and the worst thing they could
do to people. So we get people liked it all the time right that
they try to, you know, play off things that may not be true.
So this is why people need to remain skeptical. They need to remain
skeptical. And that's why, you know, knowing your facts, knowing your
science can help you. Um, well I will, I will talk a
little bit. You and I had talked briefly while you're here. One of
the reasons you're here is because I decided I made a tough choice, um
and decided to not post the podcast that I had earlier on Tuesday. Now,
I've been in touch with both people. Preston Dennett, I really I
almost consider him a friend. I mean, he's a very very nice guy,
and so we're we're good. But his guests that was with him was
making outrageous claims, and when they got to the point where I thought they
were a little bit dangerous, then I decided to end the show early and
I decided to eliminate the show. And so anyway, I'm not going to
get into the details too much, but it just is just you know,
right off the bat, one of the first things she said was she was
basically piloting the UFOs and going through the Rings of Saturn and you know,
all these type of things, and you know, I stopped her and said,
you realize what you're saying here, and how, you know, how
do you expect a listener to believe that? Well, you know, I
did get some email from people that were very upset that I took it down
that we're listening, that were, you know, involved in the whole situation.
Someone kind of has told me that I have something against experiencers and what's
wrong with me? Almost like pulling a card on me. So it has
nothing to do with that. I just if you have to be skeptical,
I like to keep this show clean as much as I can. And it's
very simple. It really comes down to this. People make these extraordinary claims,
but they don't provide the necessary extraordinary proof. Yeah, and when people
say trust me all right, or when people say you know, no,
honestly okay, those are preparatory words for something that's to come, and they're
they're trying to possibly, you know, pull something off on you. Not
even if they may not even realize it, there are people that actually do
believe that they do these things, and so they would pass a polygraph.
I've taken a number of acotographs of my life for my work. And I
can tell you they're not hard to I mean they're they're hard to h to
h they're hard to fake. They're hard to pass with flying colors if you
try to lie. Um. So I know that it can be done.
People have done it right. But I can tell you that, um.
You know, listening to someone say those things, the next thing you want
to say is fantastic. That sounds fantastic. Let me see the proof,
let me see the videos on your ship, let me meet the alien who
are they and let them I'm more or less said something that. Yeah,
I'm more or less said something along those lines. When she was she said,
while I have science to back this up, and I said, I
stopped her right there, said well, let's hear about the science. And
she shifted and shifted in her seat and she said, well, this guy's
now actually a scientist, but he's got a YouTube channel. And that was
kind of uh, that was kind of enough, you know enough anyway that
that goes to when whenever someone says their proof is a YouTube video, Yeah,
that becomes problematic. Well, you know, I said, I said
that, I have said that many times, not that everyone is not that
not that every YouTube video is a lie, because they're not. Yeah,
that's right. There are some YouTube videos that that tell wonderful truth, scientific
accuracy, Uh not so scientific, but accurate and so um. You know,
you you just have to well you have to do what's missing with a
lot of people these days, and that's critically think. Yeah, yeah,
yeah, you really have to be aware of you have to ask questions.
Yeah. And when it comes to YouTube videos, you know, you're it's
so tough because there are such good fakes out there too. And you know,
I mean, the CGI is only going to get only going to get
better some of them. If you want to ask questions, please post them
like this gentleman did right here. I don't know if Mark would like to
comment on this or not. What's your opinion on blood so, Chris blit?
So? Yeah, I don't actually have an opinion on blood so.
I have stayed a little bit away from that because I want to remain focused
on the science of image analysis and video analysis and I haven't done anything with
bleds for blood so, and have no opinion on Chris blood So at the
moment, but that may change. Yeah, now, Mark, I sent
you a picture the other day, did you happen to do you know that
picture? And are you familiar with that picture? Yeah? Was that the
one from Costa Rica or I believe I believe it's Costa Rica? Where in
South America? There was a yeah, um, and I'm going to pull
that up here and uh so people will understand what we're talking about here.
But you know, I mean I remember seeing this years ago when I first
was starting to look into the UFO topic and I wondered about it. I
said that that's just too good to be true. Um. And when something's
too good to be true, that's usually what it is. UM. So
sometimes yeah, you're right, but you can't. You can't go into anything
with um with blinders on either, you know, and and and just say
this is a UFO absolutely, But you also can't say it's not a UFO
absolutely. You've got to give it a chance, right, every piece of
evidence I see. I don't make a determination by looking at it and just
saying oh, well, just you know, making a pronouncement. That's ignorance,
and that doesn't do it. That does everybody disservice. Who's who?
Yeh didn't know it? There's definitely enough of that out there. Yeah,
there's there's plenty of that out there, you know. But um um,
yeah, if you bring up the picture again, yeah, I had to
convert the file, so I'm just working on as we go. Anyway,
um this photo purports to show a disc UFO in a photograph, an aerial
photograph. Uh and um, I can't remember they were doing aerial photography for
yes, there were. It was a topic. No, it was a
topographical topograph. They were looking at a lake, some type of condition of
a lake. And here it is right here, and I will post this
for those of you who are listening just to just audio. I'll post this
in the show notes or somewhere. I'm not sure if we're gonna have a
lot of show notes, but anyway, here it is for those of you
seeing this visually. And it's you know, I mean, it's perfect angle.
This is from overhead about ten thousand feet. Now this is zoomed.
It appears to be zoomed, but um, so the plane was flying about
ten thousand feet and it was shooting directly down to get the layout of the
topographical conditions of the lake, and so that disk is I don't know I
mean, can you do see anything in it that makes it look like it
was really there? According to what came out is that this is directly from
an original negative and it had not been toyed with. I don't know,
I believe that's the actual thing that it was, you know, without doubt.
I mean it, you know, to me, I ask all kinds
of questions. Could it be what's called a concoidal fracture in the cover on
the camera, Could it be some type of oil droplet inside the housing perhaps?
Could it be something else? I mean, you see that to the
upper right of the of that thing, you actually see this stark black line,
right m oh yeah? I think is that actually a reflection of the
horizon reflected in this object? Whatever it is? Um? You know,
so there's a lot of a lot of questions I have, But none of
the questions end with it's definitely a UFO, with a statement that says it's
definitely UFO. Um. They all they all just ask more questions. And
I've seen this thing many many years ago. It's got to be twenty five
years old or something. I think it was from that I think it was
from nineteen seventy five, But don't quote me on that. I'm not one
hundred percent sure. Yeah, so I'm not sure. What I would like
to know is um from the same camera. I want to see the next
frame and the previous So where are those? Yeah, And you know,
if you look at it really carefully, you can see that it has what
looks like a distinctive shape. Only the problem I have with it is um
if you look, if you look at it, there's an issue with it,
and that is that on the right side of it, it's illuminated by
what you would call the sun. And if you look on the ground,
you can see that the sun is coming from the lower the lower right,
just you know, blow center right, and it's heading to upper left right.
Okay kind of thing. At least that's how it looks I'm trying to
see it might be. But if you look at the brightness on the ground,
okay, in the shadows of the trees, it kind of shows you
where the light's coming from. So you'd expect the shadow on that or or
an illuminated side on that on that lower right side. What you would not
expect is for it to be illuminated on the upper left side. M you
wouldn't expect that that would be in either shadow or a much reduced brightness,
So I'm not sure. Uh. You know, what would actually work,
in fact, is if that's not a disk you're looking at but a depression.
If that was a depression into say the glass or the housing, then
maybe this would work. So but again, the next frame would have it
as well as with the previous frame, And I don't think they would spend
time doing aerial photography with the camera. If it's in a fixed housing that
has some kind of damage to it, they would fix that housing. But
if the camera was able to move shot the shot in some way, then
maybe they would move it over for the next shot. I don't know,
but either way, the lighting is wrong on it. For the lighting that's
on the ground, well that makes sense. And as someone that does a
little bit of painting, you always have to look at, you know,
the direction of the sunlight to make the shadowing work. That's kind of where
it leads me, you know, that's where that leads me. In fact,
that's where it led me years ago when I looked at it for the
first time. Yeah, no, and I basically had to say, well,
jeez, I was hoping it'd be a smoking gun, but you know,
he can't. He can't really say it with any kind of definition that
it's the the smoking gun, the quintessential UFO photograph, because it just isn't.
Unfortunately, Yeah, and is there one? I think you and I
had a conversation in Phoenix or somewhere and I asked you that question. Do
you mark everything you've looked at? Have you seen like a smoking gun photograph?
And you said there was one that really I'm waiting for the smoking gun,
but you've seen one that was really good. I think you said something
like that. Right, There was one video that I have a little video
clip. It's three seconds long, but it is probably the one which I
think is as close to a smoking gun possibility as any And that's the Nick
Mariana footage. Uh. And I believe that was Montana in oh, yeah,
nineteen fifty three or something like that. Is that the one near the
towers or I think, yeah, yeah, that that that is, uh,
that is quite quite amazing if I remember, right, isn't there three
of them or something like that? M there were too imagine this, Okay,
you're there. He was looking at a stadium. I figured what he
was doing, maybe sports writer or something. I don't remember the details.
Yeah, that's right there, you remember I think he had he was I
think I thought it was navy, but maybe it was. There was one
that had something to do with sports. Okay, well, yeah, so
this could be the one. I could be messing in something details. But
one thing I'm not messing up is uh. He filmed this with a movie
camera and he managed to get three frames and these two objects moving side by
side I through the sky, yeah, in formation, yes, And they
went behind towers, light towers, whatever that were in this location. And
so when I looked at that, my first thought was, Okay, what
was flying in the sky at that time? And unless this is kind of
a funny thing, unless we're being lied to, there was nobody in there
at that time, nothing in that direction at all. Now, could that
be wrong? Maybe right? And you gotta reserve the right to think that
maybe they were wrong about it. But it wasn't a time when we didn't
have the best radar systems like we do now. But these two objects are
moving through the sky together and they're really really bright. Now, let me
see if I can find that while we're talking about it, and yeah,
yeah, you have to understand that these objects might have been in formation flying
together in the sky. And the thing that I like about this case is
that it doesn't it does not have any kind of signature of an astronomical object
of any kind. Okay, when we see things in the sky that seemed
to be moving through the sky, they're either satellites or they are meteors,
right, And these objects will do one of two things will either move through
the sky and move relatively slowly satellites, or they'll move very quickly through the
sky meteors. But satellites don't move as slow as these things don't move.
They don't move as fast as these things did. And a meteor that low
in the atmosphere to be seen during the day would be something burning up in
the atmosphere being sunlit, you'd see smoke trailing behind it. It would leave
a trail, and we didn't see that at all, right, right,
And at the time, it wasn't a whole lot of space junk to re
enter your atmosphere, so and that also would have left the trail behind him
smoke. Do you think that was like in the nineteen fifties, as it
was. Think Mariano, Mariano, m A R I A N O.
I believe Maria. No, try that well, sponsor. Yeah, oh
well, I thought I could find it, but I mean I have watched
in a number of times, and unfortunates, it's not easy to get a
hold of. So if if you want to check back, anyone wants to
check back, I'll try to put them in in the notes if I find
it. But yeah, I do remember that. And there was a similar
one too, off of the island of Catalina island off of California, a
very similar one. Do you remember that, um filming of I think it
was another formation of UFOs. I'm trying to remember a long time ago.
Also, I don't Anyway, I'm not gonna bother to try to look that
because I can't find this all right, Marino one, Um Mariano, Yeah
no, Mariano, I mean yeah, I'm trying to find it too.
I can't find it, um, which is odd because I found it like
immediately when I was looking for you. Well, you know, the government
erased it, right, Yeah, that's what they Oh yeah, here we
go. So yeah, you mind up that young tendants Haba that's right.
Sure, Yeah, but well, um, yeah, we're talking about that.
You can say yea when you're breathing in and breathing out, they do
this yep, yep, yep, yep, ye ye ye yea yea,
yeah, yep. It's pretty funny. Yeah. Now are you were from
me? So? I mean anytime you went up there, it was just
an argument about whose boat I was going to use when I was there for
the month, okay, because you didn't use your car. You parked it
and you left it. And we would take the boat to go from Port
Clyde over to Friendship, Maine, and we would go the Friendship for dinner
or get stuff. We'd go to my cousin's general store in downtown Port Clyde.
She since sold it to uh yeah, owns everything up here. Yeah
yeah, yeah, yeah. And there's my cousin's. My cousin's house was
right there on the jetty. It's the house that's right across the street from
the jetty going out that there, Port Clyde. There, Yeah yeah,
there's right behind me as a scollop boat. I've been looking at that all
winter. Yeah, here's a question, Um four shar wants me to ask
you about the Swedish winter clip from twenty twelve. Are you familiar with that
one Swedish winter clip? No, let me look that up because so I'm
going to ask this if anyone wants to do something like ask a question about
that, if you can find a link and post a link at the same
time, I'd be able to pull it up and look at it. So,
Jay Allen, you are asking if the Vargin video is out, it
will be out within a couple of months. Um, I did see the
screen. I do blocking about the Norwegian spiral video. Wasn't oh, the
Norwegian spiral video. That's a failed launch? Right? Is that? Actually?
I called that upon seeing it. I called it as a failed rocket
launch, probably a ballistic missile launch from a submarine based on where it was,
And everybody just just roundly criticized me and called me an idiot and all
these famous choice words, which I laughed at. And two days later it
was announced that indeed it was a rocket that had to get blown up a
launch from a submarine. Yeah, and guess what, I never heard anyone
say, Gee, I'm sorry for all those bad things I said about you,
And I had to laugh because or always quick to criticize, but then
they go and hide in the dark when it's time to apologize. Right,
yeah, yeah, that's okay. Well you're doing the good work of someone
that is really you know, keeping everything clean in a way, you know.
I mean, there are so many times when you could certainly jump to
conclusion about something, you know. I always appreciate it. I just got
to tell everyone this. I think it was a twenty seventeen or something like
that, when we were both out in Phoenix. Was that the year I
had? Yes, I had drove all the way to Phoenix from Maine and
somewhere out in the desert energy I was taking a picture of the desert and
I got the picture and I'm looking, there's a disk in the picture,
And so I showed it to you on we were sitting around in Phoenix,
and it showed it. What do you think of this picture right here?
And you're looking at it, and you're looking at it really close, and
you say, it almost looks like you have something on the window. So
I went to the car, like a little bit later on, I went
to the car and sure enough, there was a little piece of grass on
the window on that was stuck to it at an at an angle that very
much killed pretty good. I'd rather know, and I think, you know,
I think most people would rather know. I think I would, hope.
So in general, I think that's right, Martin, because um,
you know, again, I don't know everything. I don't know all and
I don't ever really try to say this was definitely this unless I really know
it was definitely something, okay, um, or unless it's so obvious that
it's something we've seen many many times that we know is a certain something.
So I don't often make definitive pronouncements about something because that's you know, I
don't want to be accused of being arrogant about this stuff it, you know,
as a as a science guy, typically I'm already fighting against the nature
to to not be arrogant about it, right. I mean, science can
be arrogant at times. And there's a lot of people that say, well,
if it doesn't exist, if I don't see the evidence it doesn't exist.
Well, not one of those guys. I mean, I've had things
happen to me I cannot explain right, and they don't fit science. So
does that mean there's something wrong up here? Oh? Maybe okay, but
it could also mean that I experienced something that is not in our current understanding.
And that's the way it is. That's the way life is. That
you know, we have to be willing to accept those possibilities. And that's
exactly what I think I do. Um, yeah, you know, and
do you think that guy, by the way, well, let's just let's
just throw this out there. Sure, Neil de Grasse Tyson sees a dog
on the floor, it's from another dimension. He steps through it and falls.
You're you're a really weird situation you had. You know that if something
like that happened to someone like him, if some of the things happen that
have happened to you, and I know these things have happened to you,
very strange things. Um, how do you think someone like him that has
an affront to he's you know, mister, I'm the UFOs mean nothing and
you know all this type of thing. Well, let me let me correct
a little something there. I mean, you're right about that, of course.
But one of the things that I want to mention was if Neil de
grass Tyson was so against or so taking offense by UFOs, say, or
taking offense by the lack of science of your evidence for UFOs, then why
did he ask me for a LinkedIn connection? Okay, clearly I do what
I do. Clearly he's keeping his pulse on it without actually saying anything.
He's lurking, right Obviously, who wouldn't. It's the right thing to do.
So I know that, you know, I know that that's something that
is a very important thing in academia, is to not allow yourself to be
blinded by your own science. And I think that in the past, I
think people have accused him of being blinded by that science. But I think
that he's understanding there might be more things out there that we don't understand,
and that's as much as we can expect, right right. So I want
to I want to just pull this up here because I think it's interesting.
The Australian Melbourne UFO photo from nineteen sixty six is compelling it and I believe
I have that image. Was that in? Uh? Was that in James
Fox? Yeah? And I've I think this is one heck of a photo,
and I want to know your opinion of that right away. The first
thing I would say is where's the rest of the photo? That it was?
Just a one off polaroid. Yeah, and that's the photo from the
polaroid that that photo is from the pole that is a polaroid, And James
Fox and the Phenomenon showed the original polaroid. Okay, um, right off
the bat. What I would do is, uh, you know, I
would analyze the reflections in that object and try to figure out what colors.
Well, I could easily figure out the colors I guess that are in that
reflection, and then look at the ground objects and see if there's anything in
the ground objects that could irresponsible, and try to, if possible, get
a scale for anything that might be in that reflection, and that would tell
us how far away it is, because that could be something somewhat large it's
farther away, or something very small it's up close. Um, that's true.
Entire photo is a little bit blurry, and it looks like the object
and the house in the photo are about as blurred. So it could not
have been moving too fast, especially if it's a polaroid. Now, my
son collects polaroid cameras and I have them upstairs, several kinds, and there's
someone that actually collects polaroid cameras yeah, my son. He actually collects a
lot of cameras, okay, Yeah, and he's a film films right,
that's right, and knows it awful lot about them. Yeah, and he
knows he would be able to look at that photo and tell you whether a
pole roid camera of whatever type that is said to have taken that picture could
have produced that picture from an object moving fast the picture, I think not.
I think it's something that was either moving relatively slow or stationary. So
I think, yeah, I'm trying to remember James Fox did when he was
in Australia. He met with this gentleman that held up the picture and all
that, and he tells the whole entire story. He was working in the
garden and that's all I remember. I don't remember any other details, but
it would remember from the phenomenon. I know that, you know, your
friend of mine, Lee Spiegel, worked on it together with James, and
we don't remember the details of that particular teams there. Yeah, you hear
you hear the crows in the background. How you do It's the weirdest thing.
You think this place would be full of seagulls, but it's the crows
are eating crabs. And I'm just unbelievable. Yeah yeah, over yeah wow.
So, um, let's see if there's uh, yes, there.
I wanted to mention before we go a bunch further, you know, in
our live observatory Skyter live stream. Yes, I wanted to talk about the
YouTube. That's the East Coast Observatory there that's being rehab and refurbished and I'm
going to be putting into a new building out here, but out in Arizona,
we have an active building out there. Well, Sunday, after our
radio show that goes from six to eight, we're gonna move right into a
lunar eclipse stream and we're gonna actually stream the lunar eclipse live. Um.
Now, it'll already be well underway by the time we get in. But
just keep this in mind. Last time we were looking at the Moon during
lunar eclipse, we're one of five groups on the planet that actually caught a
meteor strike the Moon during the eclipse, right at the height of the eclipse,
right in the red spot, you see it. I remember that.
I remember that. Yeah. Yeah, at the time, we didn't know
what we saw, so we let it go for the time because we figured
out Okay, we're gonna research that when we're done, and by the time
the stream was over, we had already found out that indeed, it was
a media that struct the moods. We always have this. We have a
phenomenal Skytro Life Beam family and they just start researching and doing things and they
found out an awful lot about it before we even finished the stream that night.
So that was pretty awesome. You know, these are good people.
But uh so we tell tell the listening audience how they can get there for
this coming event. Saturday said yeah, yeah, yeah, I see.
We're live on YouTube on most clear nights out in Arizona. I'm in Connecticut,
but I control it from here and I used literally almost all free software
to do it. So if anyone wants to learn how to control something long
distance, you can do it for free, almost free. I think that's
pretty cool. Um, but um we're on YouTube and the channel it's called
sky Tour Live Stream with the sky right here, Mark d Antonio right there,
that's me. That's a gird name. I never realized it's my name,
and it's my name, and so sky Tour One word Live stream with
Mark Antonio. Skytro Live Stream will fight it and just subscribe and join and
come on in and and just watch. And we've got well over five hundred
or five hundred plus bry a long shot past streams up there that we've done.
The night sky and our sky out there was so dark that it literally
when I first saw it, and I'm not I'm not too proud to say
this, When I first saw it, I literally started crying. It was
so beautiful. It was dead calm, dead quiet, and all that was
over me. It was this velvety, beautiful sky with beautiful pinpoints of stars
and milky way, and I was like, huh. It literally takes your
breath away. And we have one of the top instruments in that building looking
up at the sky every time. It's clear in getting imagery and is just
unbelievable. We get in ten to fifteen to twenty seconds what it takes sometimes
ten to twenty to thirty minutes to get elsewhere. We can get things really.
Yeah, So most of our exposures we actually will do anywhere between five
and fifteen objects a night, you know, and taking long exposures of twenty
seconds on them and then stacking them one on top of each other. Like
an image sandwich to make them much more clear. And in twenty seconds,
I mean, how long as it take to get ten ten images, ten
stack ten stack images two hundred seconds, So in the time it takes us
say what I'm saying now, we'd almost be done. So it's really cool.
I almost don't have time to talk about the object, but I do
every time. And you know, I say, Okay, this is a
planetary nebulace, remains of a star that has died, and you know,
the green, greenish blue colors because it is the red colors because of that,
you know, talking about the elements in the periodic table. But you
know, we talk about it in a way that makes people understand it,
right, And yes you do. I've been in that. I've been watching
a few times and you've said high to each other in other times. But
yeah, you're you're you're a wonderful patron and um. And the thing is,
when you know, last week or two we've been looking at a supernova
that occurred, it's occurred in another galaxy. Now this galaxy is tens of
millions of light years away, which means that the supernova which showed up in
our telescopes on just one on one particular night, that light took millions,
tens of millions of years to get here. Yeah, it actually left before
the dinosaurs died from amazing and made it here. It's so hard to fathom
things like that. Yes, Well, the universe is a great big time
machine, isn't it? The back and yeah all the time I think of
that all the time when yeah, I look out machine, Yeah what we're
seeing? And are we Let me ask you a couple of astronomy questions because
I've always always enjoy picking your brain so on things. How how close could
a let me say it again, how close would a supernova? Probably depends
on the size of it that would could happen, that could affect us,
could cause us problems. Okay, the first part of your question, how
you said, depends on the size of it. A star of a certain
mass will go supernova. That's the star way more massive than our sun.
But if a star win supernova that was within say four light years five light
years of us, then we could be in trouble, and it might take
four to five years for that energy to get here to bathe our planet in
high energy X rays or gamma rays and that could be disastrous. However,
there is no star that can do that to us. None of the star
is near us are that massive that can cause such a problem for us.
Um. Now, we are orbiting the galaxy and we do come near other
stars at times, and we don't you know, clearly, we've gone around
the galaxy almost twenty times since we formed here four point five billion years ago.
Uh, and in that time we've never encountered anything that was a earth
sterilizer event like that, and that would be a sterilizer event it would destroy
us. So clearly we're on the plus side of the of the problem here,
you know, right on the chance wheel, we're on the plus side.
So I don't know if you never forget, if I forget, Sorry,
yeah, Um, I was starting to say that Skyter live stream UM
is going to be live this weekend Sunday if it's clear out in Arizona,
which usually is. We have three hundred clear nights a year there. Um,
we'll be life and broadcasting this this eclipse. Now, the eclipse starts
right at sunset, in fact that out there it'll already be happening when when
the moon rises, but we're gonna catch it just after our radio show,
which is going to be around eight o'clock, so around eight ten or so
in the evening Eastern time. We're going to be focusing on the moon and
it's going to be already blood red by that point. Um, but you
know what, that's the exciting thing. And then we'll watch it. You
know, we watch the earth shadow pass off of it on the way out.
I can't wait. I'm gonna try to tune into that. Yeah,
we're gonna watch and see if we can catch any meteors. And I'll probably
be live before we're on the radio show, and I'll show the live feed
during the radio show if if it's clear, and if it's cloudy, it
doesn't it doesn't matter. We can still we can still do it if it's
light clouds. So that'ud be pretty cool. I have I don't know if
you've ever heard of Frasier Kane, Yeah, of course. Yeah, so
I've listened to his show and I can't remember the whose co host is.
She's h professor in Chicago area, I think. Anyway, Um, he's
got a funny saying that he says the universe is always trying to kill us,
that's right, and so there are there are so many events. But
one of the reason I'm bringing this up, don't you think that there should
be um more um, some type of protection for incoming if we have something
you know that is in direct line and um you know that you know this
thing that happened back in chelibinsk Um, it was in direct line with the
Sun. We may not have time, of course, but don't you think
there should be more? I mean, we invest in so many things.
It seems like, you know, if we had a planet killer coming our
way, it seems like we would want to try to be able to miss,
you know, misdirect, you know, redirect it. Well, you
say something very interesting, okay, and that is that we need to figure
out a way who survive, say the big impact or whatever. Well,
that's what the Dart project is all about. Dart is going to see if
colliding with an asteroid will allow us to nudge it just enough to change its
orbit. Now, the asteroid it's going to hit is not an asteroid that
can hurt us in any way, nor could it ever, but it's a
it's a test candidate. We're gonna see if if colliding with this object can
move the asteroid enough so that over time, given we have the time,
we would be able to nudge a killer asteroid out of our way. So
if so, it's just a matter of mass and how many dart objects we
hurl at it in order to get it to move. This would be kind
of interesting to see how this works, right, we do need more things,
um for sure. The Chelly Binks asteroid that came in. Keep in
mind that that was fairly small, which is why it was hard to see.
Yeah, and fairly small all is not unnecessarily dangerous. But the Chelly
Binks meteor did punch a twenty foot diameter hole in a frozen lake when it
finally fragment finally reached the ground. But again keeping in mind that that that
hole that it made was just a fragment of the overall larger object. So
we get hit with larger objects many times per year, a number of times
you could probably count them on two hands, probably like ten times, eight
times or whatever for a very large object, and they usually hit over the
ocean. But I think they're also responsible for some of the mythical sounds that
people hear. There was a giant sound heard over in England and then in
Nova Scotia, what was that these mystery booms, but they might be are
the sonic booms or the breakup booms of these giant objects coming in over the
ocean and the sound just travels English about that Nova Scotia. I've you've heard
people have been talking about those boom sounds wondering what they are for years.
I think Linda molten how actually does some stories on that. You know,
the people that are hearing these boom sounds and no explanation, never thought of
it being carried off the ocean. Course, if the Earth is seventy three
percent water or whatever it is, ocean, yeah, most of them are
you know, seventy percent of them are going to land in the ocean,
right. And so in mind that these these explosions are occurring not at ten
thousand feet, These explosions are occurring at like one hundred and eighty thousand or
more, maybe eighty miles up seventy so they can really carry in the curvature
of the Earth and all that, and the sound waves will be a lot
you know, lower amplitude up there because there's not enough not enough air to
conduct the sound waves because they're like a compression wave through the air, but
if they do make it, they're going to be a big, long,
low boom. And that's what the rumbling was heard, you know, rumbling
in England, rumbling in Nova Scotia. Depending on the timing when they were
heard, you could kind of pinpoint where along that line the meteor came in.
So it was heard, you know, because air, you know,
in the in the air of a certain density, sound travels a certain speed.
And if you can calculate how long it takes for the sound to get
the Nova Scotia versus how long it gets to England and what time they actually
heard it, and knowing the two times to two places, you can figure
out where along the line had happened. Was it right in between, wasn't
more toward Nova Scotia, was more toward England and for instance. So you
can figure out a substantial number of things just from the data about the sound,
you know. And the other thing to keep in mind is that we
have underwater listening hydrophones in our oceans, and these sounds long low frequencies.
If any of those hydrophones pick up that sound, then those are hard data
points that will have will have and who monitors those. Well that it's a
it's a US Navy, it's a US government. So would we ever,
we would probably never hear about anything. Most likely, well maybe, but
see the thing is, they would overlook it. They would say, okay,
we just had this one spurious sound. Well it's either geological, biological,
or natural of some kind. They only care about listening for enemies,
right. They have certain signatures for say, certain submarines or certain warships,
and they can say, oh, yeah, well this this, this,
this ship just left that port. Okay, okay, the type we gotta
we gotta a cooler submarine that just fired up out of Murmanx and it's on
its way into the North Sea, the Barren Sea. You know, so,
I mean you got all kinds of possibilities there. That's what they're listening
for. They're not listening for whale farts, to be clear, blunt.
Okay, well those would probably sound pretty funny, just like the way they're
saying anything. That's right. Yeah, Now, what about let's shift gears
a little bit, and you know, you think about life out there,
the possibility of life out there. I have that great book that you wrote
right in the other room in there. Um. And what it's the title
to that book that's called The Populated Universe. It's uh, yeah, it's
it's my treatise on the subject that life and universe may very well be the
norm, not the exception. Yeah, and I probably is. I agree
with that that one statement. But let me just ask you your thoughts on
you know, we think about life on planets, but what about moons like
Jupiter's moons Europa something like that, you know, I mean, it doesn't
have to be intelligent life, but just plain life. Yeah, and that's
something we will probably find I think in the next ten to fifteen years maybe.
UM. We also notice, because of our planet hunting capability that Um
Proxima Proxima Bee, the planet that's one of the two planets around Proximus Sentry
four point three light years away, uh, also has a potentially interesting um
uh characteristics that could foster life perhaps. I mean, clearly, the star
is a very flare it's a flaring star, so we don't we see a
lot of ultra violet flares. But the Sun in its early life was also
a very ultra violet prone star UM, and it would do these flares as
well, so that said, Um, if we're looking at say Proxima B,
well then we know that Proxima Bee might actually be a planet that could
possibly support some form of life. Right, Um, now, um,
what was the rest of your question, because I was well, I was
asking it doesn't have to be on a planet. No, no, no,
that's right. But but okay, but we know of um, we
know that there are planets with moons out there other than our within our solar
system. We can see evidence that there are moons around other planets in other
star systems. So is it possible life could form there? Yes? Okay,
Europa, as you mentioned Europa around Jupiter. Um, you know we
have Io Europa, Gana meeting Calisto. Those are the four Galilean satellites at
Galileo famously used to get tried for heresy. Okay. And Europa is an
icing crusted moon, and it has what might be seems to be a watery
ocean beneath that icy crust. Yeah, it doesn't have like volcanic like ice
vaultcanos ya volcanic well yeah, yeah, And and the Hubble Space telescope was
able to characterize that hydrogen and oxygen coming out of those geysers, they could
see it. So what that means is if we have a possibility that life
in a sub ice ocean on Earth could form, and we know it has
and I'll explain that in a minute, then we know that on Europa,
there's also a possibility that it could happen here on Earth. You'd never expect
life to be existent a mile beneath the ice in Antarctica, but there's a
lake. And some of your listeners are probably saying, I know the lake.
It's Lake Vostok, and you'd be right. Lake Vostok is been sealed
off from the world above for thousands, tens of thousands of years, and
this particular lake when they probed it finally they went down, it hosts well
over three thousand different species of microscopic life. This lake has its own cycles.
There's the carbon cycle, Okay, that's very important for you know,
dead things, they go down, they decompose, the carbon goes back into
the cycle and then starts a new into new objects, okay, into new
creatures. That that is something. Cycles are very important. We have the
water cycle here on Earth right with the atmosphere, water evaporates, goes up
falls back down its rain for the license plants, waters plants, and then
keeps on going over and over. These cycles are really really important. It's
not just water and carbon. There's other cycles too. There's a methane cycle.
Okay, waste products, you know, you have to deal with them
and then make them not toxify the environment. And that happens too. So
if it happens here, then it could happen there. That's my whole point,
see right, And that's a very good possibility. Yeah, you know
so um and Lake Vostok is a good test case because Lake Vostok is among
the coldest places on Earth, if not the coldest. M amazing they have
and then there's many cases where life have survived where it just seems totally impossible.
And because the creatures, remember the creatures in Lake Vostok don't depend on
sunlight. There is none, so they don't make energy through photosynthesis like the
sun loving creatures do that we are and plants are right. They use chemosynthesis,
the chemical creation of energy, and that's what life on Europa or on
Saturn's moon and Cellatus might do. Now, I I've always thought that all
living things depended on the energy originally originating from the sun. Um. In
the end, they would because they would the situation they're in would have been
brought about by a flourishing of life that led to these other life forms that
are microbial, for instance, okay um. And that would mean that life
that is in Lake Vostok might have once been at the surface when the Antarctica
wasn't frozen, but then over time evolved to a deep ice deep ice locked
lake, and thus the life forms changed and adapted, okay, mutated and
adapted, evolved to accept that environment and flourish in that environment. Certainly many
did not, Okay, but many probably did and have at least three thousand
species that we know of down there. That's a lot of species. That's
a lot of creatures down there that have figured out a way to eke out
some type of existence. Right. Also keep in mind that on Mars.
Mars is an interesting planet too, because Mars has this atmosphe if you're made
mostly of carbon dioxide, and the Perseverance Rover has this really cool little experiment
the size of a car battery that is really really interesting, and this car
battery size object undertook an experiment by the nickname moxy, Moxie and MOXI was
the Mars Oxygen Insitue experiment, and what that meant was it was trying to
see if it can convert the carbon dioxide atmosphere of Mars to breatheable oxygen and
it was a wonderful success. What's that mean? It means that sooner or
later, when we colonize Mars, we don't have to bring our air man.
We're gonna move. We're gonna make it from carbon dioxide. And that
is something that I think is really really important because you know when you breathe
out carbon dioxide from your lungs, Well, what does that say? That
says that we're gonna be able to recycle the CO two and make oxygen from
that, you see, And that's going to be the coolest thing. And
on the South polar Mars, deep under under that polar ice cap, the
south Polar ice cap, there's actually this large reservoir of liquid water. Why
is it liquid? I thought we couldn't have liquid water on Mars where you
can at depth because you have the weight of the overlying strata increases the pressure
at depth, so that liquid water could exist. And this was found with
an orbital radar mapping system, and this water reservoir could potentially house microbial life.
Now that would be kind of like the final vestige of where life would
ended up and ended up on Mars, because Mars used to have a much
thicker atmosphere and used to have water running on its surface, right, Yeah,
you know that magnetosphere too, and it's that's a very good point.
And that's the reason why Mars doesn't have water on the surface now in the
end, because Mars lost its magnetic field, which is what you call the
magnetosphere correctly, and the magnetosphere on Earth protects us from the Sun's harmful radiation.
In fact, it traps. The magnetic field traps particles from the Sun
that are coming to us, and it could spell cancerous disasters for us and
rip us apart with its high energy ultra violet radiation. However, you know,
some of it gets through, but most of it gets stop. These
hy energy particles, the solar wind particles, and that those solar wind particles
trapped in our magnetic field are what people recognize as the Van Allen radiation belts,
and that's where those come from. They're actually our magnetic fields brought to
visibility essentially through our instrumentation and because of the solar wind getting trapped in the
magnetic field. Do you think there's a chance of our of us are the
weakening of our magnetic field, our magnetic field changes you know in um you
know you're this is another one of those pseudoscientific things to see online. Oh,
the Earth's magnetic field is gonna flip. Well, the Earth's gonna flip
upside down. Does that mean we're gonna see the South Pole stars or the
Southern Star? No, it doesn't. What's happening is the same thing that
happens to the Sun every eleven years. Okay, the Sun's magnetic field gets
twisted up, is it rotates, The magnetic field lines get twisted up,
and then they basically pop and realign effectively, and that creates the Sun spots
cycle. All right, we're getting out it up, then it evens out
for a while, then it gets twisted up again. It does the same
thing. Well, you know, the Earth is different only because the Earth
is smaller, it's magnetic field is different. But we do have cases where
the magnetic field does wander. The North Pole that was magnetic north back in
nineteen sixty, for instance, is not in the same spot that it is
in twenty twenty, twenty twenty one. Okay, but it's not like it's
going whoa, it's flipping, like it's gonna flip overnight and everybody's gonna die
and all the buildings are gonna smash, and yeah, well, see the
thing is, animals have had millions of years of evolution to deal with what
is called properly geomagnetic reversal, and geomagnetic reversal has happened quite a few times.
How do we know, Well, in the mid Atlantic Ocean, that's
where these two plates collide, right where these two tectonic plates that collide,
and when new materials made and comes out and oozes out as it cools,
the iron crystals inside that rock form in a certain direction effectively based on what
the magnetic field is at the time. And guess what we see when we
do samples along that magnetic ridge. We see magnetic crystals that say are this
way and then this way, you know, and back and forth over a
period of thousands of years. And it takes the thousands of years too for
the switch to occur. So you see times when they're muddy and when they're
not quite right, but then you have a distinctive predominance of this direction and
a predominance of this direction. So we see this geomagnetic reversal is a thing
that happens. It's related to how the inner core of the Earth and the
outer core of the Earth are moving against each other. And it does happen.
But it's not one of these things that happened so fast that everything is
going to fail. We're all gonna die. That's just another you could Yeah,
can we keep up with the technology and switching things over so would still
work. We have been you know, things have been changing. You know,
you get an update on your GPS recently. You don't know, but
it did. You get internal updates on GPS. Well, it happens,
you know, every every few years or whatever, you get a major update
to your GPS and so forth, and maybe it's a quiet update. But
you know what we are, we're gradually taking care of it. We're gradually
just following the magnetic field and changing accordingly as we go. So guess what.
The geomagnetic reversal will come when it comes, and we'll be there when
we're there and say, I guess we're in it now, or I guess
it happened already, be in the middle of it. Yeah, in fact,
we probably are. You know, the poles shifting slightly, you know,
every so every year it's shifting a little bit, And maybe that's the
geomagnetic but not the physical pole. The magnetic field is shifting a little bit.
It doesn't mean we're gonna be suddenly exposed to the Sun's harmful rays and
the radiation built is going to go away and the UV radiation is gonna burn
us all live. Ah. You know that that's not gonna happen. Okay,
that can't happen Earth. It takes a long time to happen, you
know, right, Are you familiar with slimes? No sun energy required.
I think that that question is referring to um slime molds, all the molds.
I think it's a slime mold. Yeah. UM. Eukaryotic organisms are
called and um, and basically UM a slime mold. Think of it as
like a colony, sort of a group of smaller creatures to forming together to
make a larger hole. UM. You know, kind of like um,
not quite like fung gi not quite like you know, like a mushrooms of
fungus, right, um, But slime molds are interesting in their own right
as well, and are probably related to how life started here. Actually,
I talk about them when I do my uh, when I do the toilet
paper History of the Earth. I love that. I love that that.
That is just so helpful to someone who has a hard time understanding numbers.
And I think I think I heard it that the human most people can I
want to say the human brain, but most people can understand about ten thousand,
the number ten thousand, Yeah, and then when it goes above that,
we can't really comprehend things. And just quickly if you would, I
know we're out of time. We're going over time here. But can you
tell tell? I love this thing. And when you and I first met,
you were doing this, tell what you do about the toilet paper?
And I think you're going to reintroduce that or something, aren't you. Yeah,
I got a way to do it. So here's the thing. We
the earth form four points five million, form point six million years ago,
billion years ago. So in that time, it's like what's a billion,
what's a million? And you said ten thousand, but I say, people
don't have the ability to recognize basically more than a thousand things. Is an
example, when the Titanic sung, fifteen hundred people died, well, fifteen
hundred people, people couldn't really imagine that. So what they did was they
put fifteen hundred people on the docks where the Titanic left from and took that
picture. And that sunk in. Seeing the visual all right, engages the
eyes and the visual part of the brain and the intellectual part of the brain.
You need that double stimulus. So when I did this toilet paper thing,
I wanted to show people the scale of the universe and time. So
I had this one hundred and twenty foot roll of toilet paper and I ended
up creating the history of the universe, history of the Earth on it.
I started with the formation of the Earth and led all the way up to
the other end of the toilet paper hundred twenty feet away with us in that
room and Lucy Australopithecus afarensis was actually a a line that was about a pencil
line away from the present day. At that scale, you know a little
more than the pencil line. So it really was a way to show people
that you know, the earth history accelerated over time. There was a lot
of nothing going on for billions of years, and then the dinosaurs came along,
and people think that's ancient history, but it's not. The dinosaurs were
eighteen inches eighteen inches from from where we were at the end of that toilet
paper. Dinosaurs were just here, eighteen inches away, one hundred and seventeen
more feet to go. See. So um, it really puts it in
perspective. You know, dinosaurs are recent history, not ancient history. It's
really something. And you and I had a conversation recently when we were out
in Arizona, and that was and we don't really have to go into it
much, but I want you to touch on a little bit. You said
the possibility if the dinosaurs didn't get wiped out, their brains could have been
growing larger and larger, and they could they could have been more of an
intelligent species through evolution eventually possibly Wait, we're talking about the trudon true Odon,
troo Lodon. Okay, the truodon was a creature that when it died,
there was evidence that its cranial capacity was increasing. Does that mean it
was getting smarter? Maybe? Say from like the dumbest breed a dog,
that the smartest breed a dog. Okay, I mean so nothing like magical,
like they were about to invent nuclear power or anything like that, but
because only dumb people event nuclear power. But the fact is the Truodon ended
up showing some kind of change that was interesting. So that said, we
speculate, and that's all. It is a speculation of course that maybe if
if we if the chicks a little impact there never occurred, then dinosaurs wouldn't
have been wiped out. We would never have become the dominant species again potentially,
and then what would happen? Would we be intelligent reptilian creatures? Who
knows? But it's funcially right. Yeah. The thing that's interesting is two
hundred and fifty two million years ago was the Permian period, and during that
period, creatures that would become mammals were dominant until there was a great extinction
event which killed ninety eight percent of life on Earth, probably from a large
scale volcanic eruptions that raised a temperature on the Earth by twenty one degree celsius
huge in just a few months. That's huge, and no, you know
that that shut down all the ecosystems. Plankton died off and that killed off
many many creatures, but some survived, and so the things that would become
mammals basically went into high and evolved into smaller object smaller creatures that didn't require
as much energy. And then over time when the dinosaurs came along, and
although that was actually the beginning of the age of the dinosaurs, when the
Permian period started and there ended, and then after that when the dinosaurs ended,
well, now those little creatures that would become mammals were still hiding in
the shadows and there was all these niches that opened up. Ooh, I
can go there now, Ooh, that food is amazing. I can have
that food now. Or I'm gonna start doing this and look at that and
our oxygen levels, our oxygen levels are great again. Hey we made Earth
grade again. Right, So then they're gonna go and they breathe this oxygen.
They off they go, and they change, and they evolved and they
eventually become us. I know it left out so many things in between,
but that's effectively how it was. So what it shows me is that in
general, could we say and I can't say this is true, but could
we say that perhaps ammal like life is sort of like the norm on a
planet. Is that like a template because it was sort of like on its
way to mammalian life back in the Permian and then when the dinosaurs died off,
it became mammalian life again, which is us. So that's that's a
strong thing. That's a thing to think about. Not necessarily something to say
and hang your hat on and say that's where it is, but that could
be a dominant maybe right, maybe, Well, market, it's been awesome
as always. It's always fun talking to whether we're on air or off air.
Now, can you just once again throw how people can watch this on
Sunday around sunset? You said, what time would that be? Eastern time?
Okay? Yeah, okay, um at sunset an eastern Eastern time.
Yeah. Let me let me just look here and give me an idea.
Okay, So the eclipse is going to begin right um at let's see seven
seven fifty nine Arizona time. No, um, I'm sorry about that,
nine ten fifty nine an Eastern time, and the total eclipse will be at
eleven thirty pm Eastern time, and then from there it just fades off and
goes. It takes the same amount of time to go on as it does
that come off, move out from behind the Sun, come out from behind
the Earth. And this is a total eclipse. So we're gonna see a
blood a blood moon again. It's gonna be a blood red moon in the
sky. You're used to sing a full moon at the full moon, but
this is going to be a blood red moon. You could actually you could
actually miss it. You could look forward in the sky and see where's the
moon. I saw one one lunar eclipse that was so so blood red that
in mildly light poluted skies it was hard to find the moon. Pretty cool.
We're gonna have a telescope on it, and I'll be Sunday starting at
eight eight pm, eight oh five pm, it's when it we'll start.
We have our kgra A radio show, Sky to a Radio, which is
our astronomy show from six to eight on KGr A sixty eight pm Eastern time.
And then right afterwards we're going to go into the stream and join this
stream live. Excellent. Well, I will put a link in the notes
or a link in the text of this show. Awesome, alright, seeing
everybody out there you know, we just love astronomy. It's what we do.
Yes, and I love what you do. Mark, thank you very
much and thanks for being on this show. Thank you so much. All
Right, and talk to you soon. All right, everyone, So we
have Sean Kahill on next week. Thank you so much for tuning in,
and remember to keep your eyes to the sky.