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Welcome to the Teachers Need Teachers podcast, where we help new and beginning teachers

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navigate through those crazy first years of
teaching so you can maintain your sanity and

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personal life. Here's your host,
him Lapree. Welcome to the Teachers Need

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Teachers Podcasts, the podcast for teachers
who don't want to just survive but actually

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thrive in teaching. Have you guys
heard of project based learning? It's a

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word that I don't know if it's
actually still buzzing around in teacher preparation programs,

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but it's actually been around for a
while. And maybe there's some other

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terminology that we're using instead of project
based learning or PBL. But maybe you're

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wondering how do I even get started
or implemented? Then this is the perfect

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episode for you. Today I'm having
a discussion with Nancy McHale, who is

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an expert in project based learning and
she's from field a project dot net,

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and we're going to be talking about
not only what is project based learning,

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but also how to gets started if
it seems a little bit overwhelming or you

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don't know how it fits into your
curriculum, as well as some ideas for

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how you can even start project based
learning at the end of the school year

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so that you can keep your students
engaged. Well, thank you Nancy for

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that. They're being on the podcast
today. I really appreciate you being here

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and hanging out with me and my
listeners. Thank you so much for having

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me. So, just so that
we know your background, can you tell

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us about your teaching experience, especially, I'd love to hear about how you

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went from teaching in the classroom to
helping out teachers and even homeschool parents,

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and I think that's really exciting.
Absolutely so. I taught different grades kindergarten

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through fifth grade, and after I
had my person, I decided to stay

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home with him for about a year, and then I started working at the

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UNI versity level as a student teacher
supervisor, and I worked with teachers and

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help kind of coached them on teaching
and supervising them. And I just loved

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that part of it, just helping
teachers kind of craft their own teaching and

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watching them and observing them. And
from there I started just giving workshops and

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kind of building my rapport in that
way and getting really focusing on hands on

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learning. And after a few years
of that, I went into helping homeschool

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parents and now kind of shifting back
to focusing on teachers and going to the

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schools and giving workshops and consulting teachers. So I definitely love what I do,

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and I love focusing on again project
based learning and really just how we

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can reach all learners and make sure
that every student has ability and the chance

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to learn and the best way that
they know how. Now, for the

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viewers and listeners that don't know what
project based learning is, like they've heard

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the lingo, could you explain it, especially to people who maybe aren't in

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the education field. Absolutely, so. Project based learning is basically learning about

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a topic but in a way where
they where students have to solve a problem.

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So the essential part of the project
based learning is that there's an essential

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question and that question is a problem
that the students have to solve. So

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and it usually has to do about
the topic that they're learning, and they

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go through they learn about the topic, they learn everything about what they need

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to learn, standards wise about it, and then it leads them to answer

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that final essential question where they solve
a problem. And that solving the problem

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can be building something or creating something
or whatever it might be. And usually

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it's collacative. They're working with other
students, and throughout this process, students

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are again collaborating their problem solving,
they're analyzing their critical thinking. It really

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allows for autonomy and independence. So
there's so many benefits to project based larting,

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and it again it just helps them
problems solve and answer the essential question,

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which makes it different than maybe just
a you know, a standard learning

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project or a research project. I
love that because that also makes it not

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only more engaging for the students,
like you had said, but I think

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as a teacher, the fact that
we're applying our subject matter to the real

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world. They can see like,
this is how scientists are, this is

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how you know, journalists what they
do in the real world, things like

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that, because you know, a
lot of times the kids are like,

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well, what am I going to
use this for in the future, Like

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why do I need math other than
to count my Benjamin's? You know,

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But when you show them like how
to solve or real world problem, I

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think that's really valuable for them to
see the application. But I know that

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a lot of teachers also wonder,
like how can they make sure that they're

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aligning the project because sometimes you know, we just want to do like a

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fun project, But how can we
make something that maybe even we're passionate about

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align with our curriculum goals and especially
the state standards, because everyone's a stickler

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about aligning with the standards. So
the way that I start when I plan

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project based learning projects is by looking
at the standard. So let's say I

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want to teach about weather. So
I created a project for kindergarten through second

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grade about weather, and I just
start look by looking at the standards,

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and I actually derive my essential question
from the standards. So in the science

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standards there for kindergarten through second there
is a standard about weather that asks something

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to the effect of that students have
to learn what can decrease heat in a

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similar area. So I turned that
into a question, and that's my essential

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question for the project. So the
question is what is a structure that you

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can build a decrease heat in a
similar area. So the students go through

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they learn about whether they learn about
the different types of weather, they even

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can learn about seasons, any other
factors about whether that you want to teach

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or need to teach according to the
standards, and then that will help them

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all lead to the answering that menacental
question, which is decreasing heat. So

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that might be building a structure out
of blocks or lagos or whatever it might

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be. But there that they're going
to answer that question derived from the standards.

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Okay, so then instead of just
doing like you know, lecture and

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worksheets, they get to experience then
the weather, I mean they already are

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experiencing, and then they're like,
oh, now I can actually apply it's

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in my everyday life to what we're
learning in class. Yes, and the

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nice thing is that it's like you
said, it's hands on. They're actually

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experiencing it instead of just kind of
filling out like like reading the textbook and

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filling out a worksheet or answering questions
about what they just read. They're able

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to think through things and be able
to solve problems and create, which is

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a big component of projectly starting.
Now, it doesn't mean that all worksheets

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are bad or Obviously part of it
is a research where they have to read

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and take notes. Obviously that needs
to be done, and I think it's

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still very important, important skill that
the students have to learn. But at

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the same time, that's not all
they're doing, the main part of it

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is them creating, and that will
lead to many other important skills that they're

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going to need for the future.
Right, Yeah, that's true. Like

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the worksheets, they have their validity
as long since something that's enhancing what they're

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learning in the project. But another
thing that I also think about, because

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you know, we in the classroom, we have kids that have i EPs,

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their specialized kids, kids who are
reading like far below grade level or

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you know, especially with what happened
with the pandemic, they're behind in terms

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of mad So I worried that they're
going to struggle in terms of having a

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hard time like managing the multiple parts
that usually come with project based learning.

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So how can I support those students
without actually creating more work for myself Because

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like sometimes when we when we teach
just a regular lesson, we're teaching to

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the middle, you know, But
I feel like there's more autonomy with project

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based learning. So how do I
help those students that you know, have

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a hard time even just putting their
name on their paper? Right, That's

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that makes so much sense, And
that's a great question. So the nice

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thing about project based learning is that
it really allows for differentiation, because the

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biggest part of the planning and the
work for the teacher is there the planning

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for it, the pre even before
you even give it to the students.

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So you plan for it, you
set it all up, and then you

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deliver it to the students. You
give them instructions, you guide them,

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and then you facilitate as a teacher
once they have the project in their hands

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and the directions. And while you're
facilitating, you're going around the classroom making

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sure students are on task, helping
those students that need extra help, and

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in addition to that, you can
differentiate the type of work they're doing.

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So let's say if students are researching
and taking notes, that's maybe one of

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the first steps in researching about the
topic that they're learning. If a student

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isn't able to do that, maybe
you give them a worksheet where it's kind

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of scaffolding them so that they're able
to maybe feel in the blinks and you

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can guide them on how to read
one small passage and how that will help

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fill in the blanks for this area, and then from there maybe increase in

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writing a little bit more notes about
it. So just kind of helping them

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increase their skill level in that way. So you can always differentiate the different

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parts of the project and the different
steps of the project so that it can

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reach all students. And maybe a
teacher can have like two or three different

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parts that are within the same type
of work. So, like I mentioned

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the researching, the advanced would probably
be able to read and take notes,

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whereas the lower maybe needs more scaff
bilding more helps in some parts everyone can

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do, especially probably the hands on
for creating part. So it's really a

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matter for the teacher to be able
to facilitate and walk around and be able

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to make sure that all the students
needs are being met. Okay, I

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don't know why. In my mind
when I thought a project based learning,

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I thought it was just here's the
project and off you go. So the

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way that you're saying that you structure
it that's best for all the students is

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a teacher led part and then the
students then get to do more either group

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or independent work. Then, So
the way that I like to plan out

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project based learning is so that it
can encompass as much of the learning and

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the classroom as possible. And what
I mean by this is trying to incorporate

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like cross curricular connections. So if
I can have them right and meet those

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standards in the project, then I'm
going to do that. Or if there

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if I can meet some reading standards
by them reading nonfiction text, then great,

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Like why not, right, they
can incorporate art, you can incorporate

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other many activities. So there's you
know, there are I guess quote unquote

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guidelines in project based learning, but
you can definitely play around to and add

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different elements to incorporate other content areas, which really makes it very cohesive and

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makes it so that it can connect
with students. Instead of them writing a

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non fiction essay about a random topic, they can write it about what they're

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learning about in the project. So
that's kind of like how I like to

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structure my projects is trying to incorporate
other content areas so that it really supports

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the learning for different types of content
areas and it makes it more cohesive and

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makes more connections for the students.
That makes total sense. So now that

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I'm getting a picture of how when
you do this, when you're assessing the

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project, are you assessing the individual
parts along the way, or is the

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actual grade the culmination of everything I
assessed kind of the final project. Okay,

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it really there's no right or wrong
way. I feel like it would

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probably be more beneficial to assess along
the way and maybe have some markers,

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as you know, to make sure
that the students are meaning certain steps of

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the project. If I were to
do it differently now, I would set

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it up in that way and then
maybe have like a cumulative grade at the

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end and assess the project obviously with
the rubric and make sure that the different

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components of the project were being met. I actually also really like the fact

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that the way that you did it
was mainly on the culminating project because from

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the few projects that I've done,
I don't do a lot of project based

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learning, but this really has like
my mind about it. It's kind of

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a messy process, and because we
have our learners that are at different levels,

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you know, you're going to have
some kids that surge ahead and some

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kids that need, like you said, more scaffolding. So I can't help

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but feel that the culminating project is
going to really reflect what they can do

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as opposed to you know, the
worksheets are the small things along the way.

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I think the only thing that I
might assess along the way is if

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there's a standard that I still haven't
gotten evidence of, you know, what

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they can do. But yeah,
you know where we're at at the time

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of this recording, it's end of
April. I'm trying to think of a

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way to do this that creates the
least amount of work, because you know,

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it can be a lot of work
to actually great projects compared to greating

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like individual assignment. And then have
to keep kids engaged during this process because

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some kids, you know, when
you give them a project, you would

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think it'd be exciting for them.
Sometimes we give them a subject product this

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is going to be really cool,
and just have some students are like,

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no, that's I'm not into that
at all. Yeah. Yeah, I

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think the key is keeping it relevant
to them because whenever kids learn about a

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new topic or concept, they want
to know why why are they learning it?

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Right? Yeah, I think it's
a fair question because as adults we

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ask the same thing, like why
do we need to know this there?

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Why do we need to do this
right? Like we might know the answer

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quicker, but for kids, we
need to explain it to them and it

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makes sense. So the more that
we can explain the why part of it,

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the more relevant and hopefully engaging they
will be. So the you know,

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one of the key components of project
based learning is providing a real world

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element in there. So the essential
question should be based on a real world

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problem or a real world factor,
so that in itself can is very relevant

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for students. And if we can
help them make those connections between the work

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they're doing and the relevance in either
maybe their personal life or even the world

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around them, they're going to be
a lot more engaged because they'll know why

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they're doing the thing that they're doing, rather than if they're just maybe reading

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from a textbook and it's not connecting
in any way for them, then that'll

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be a lot harder for them to
understand. So if they're going to be

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faced with a problem that they have
to solve, a real world problem,

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then they're going to be a lot
more likely to stay engaged. And especially

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if they're creating something or building something
with their peers, that's a lot more

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engaging and hopefully keeps them engaged throughout
the process. Speaking of engaging with you

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at the end of the year,
what are some ideas for projects that you

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Yeah, so I would say,
if you're new to project based learning,

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but you kind of want to fit
one or two in at the last the

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end of the year, I would
say something that's again enticing, engaging,

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but a little lighter maybe and could
probably go with many different topics. Would

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be like a topic like engineering,
right, so something where they have to

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build a tool to solve a problem. Something like that would be something that

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can fit in with a lot of
different topics, even if it's just a

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standalone project where you give them that
essential question like what is a tool that

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you can build to solve a specific
problem and the teacher can come up with

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that problem, where the students can
come up with that problem. That's a

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little lighter, that's more fun and
so that and it's a real world problem

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that they have to solve and they'll
be able to create and do all the

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things with project based learning. I
have other kind of quote unquote fun projects

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on my website, like a movie
night project, so basically that goes through

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and helps kids learn about the movie
industry and the history of filmmaking and comparing

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and contrasting different theaters and why are
concessions so much more expensive than actual ticket

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kind of thing, so it hasn't
explore many different elements, and then they

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create like a fun movie night or
like a movie day in the class where

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they have to create their own like
you know, money and how much all

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the concessions are going to cost and
all of that. So it's the real

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world application and so they can see
and go through that process and it's also

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again fun fun for them. That
sounds amazing because the students probably really don't

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know that they're practicing reading and writing
and they're practicing math and things like that

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and history. So I love that
and the creating a tool. I'm sure

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there are a lot of kids who
would jump onto that. For me,

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that kind of engineering is tough for
me, but that actually then be a

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good project media the student because that
would help me learn that subject even more.

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And I think that the more teachers
can think of this as the actual

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learning versus maybe like a supplementation to
the learning, then it will become a

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lot easier to implement. And I
would just recommend for any teacher starting with

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project based learning or wanting to start
some component of it, is to start

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small. So I know, I
when I explained it, I explained many

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elements of project based learning. But
really, if a teacher wants to just

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get started, I would say,
pick one element, pick one part of

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it, and start with that and
then the next time add to it.

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So it's not overwhelming, because you
know, if you start little by little,

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it will grow, versus if you
start big and give up, then

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you won't do it at all.
So just a better time. And I'm

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really here for any questions. If
anyone ever wants to reach out, I'd

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be happy to help, happy to
chat about how to implement, how to

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plan projects. I definitely want my
listeners and my viewers to get their hands

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on these projects. So where can
they find you and your project based learning

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resources? So all of my projects
are at build a project dot net,

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slash shop, and I'm on social
media at Nancy mckill edu on Facebook,

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Instagram, and yeah, you know, anyone has any questions, feel free

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to reach out and I'm going to
put Nancy's links in the description. Well,

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thank you and Nancy for being on
the show and I can't wait to

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have you back again so we can
talk more about PBL of the future.

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Yeah, absolutely, thank you so
much for having me. So I hope

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that you found that conversation with Nancy
really helpful. I'm putting her information in

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terms of where you can reach her
be in the show notes, so that

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you can also get your hands on
these educational resources that she's created. I'm

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really really excited about getting started with
this and doing more of it. I

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really intend to all the time,
but I never get around to it.

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And this is definitely like reignited my
curiosity to go forth and try it out.

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So go ahead and check out the
show notes for that. Thanks for

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hanging out with me today, you
guys, and I will see you next

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time. Thanks for listening to the
Teachers Need Teachers podcast. Love this episode,

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head over to Apple Podcast or Google
Play to subscribe, rate and leave

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a review.
