WEBVTT

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For your seven trillion dollars in echo
call two see that there is risk is

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ninety- one hundred SMEs that generate
eighty percent. Give me twenty minutes of

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your time and I, in return, would give you information on the most

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relevant issues in foreign trade, tax
and customs with a human touch and let

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' s traik a podcast of Magic
TVs and Mexico Hello. How about a

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good afternoon, welcome, let'
s do a barter as it comes out

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at a telese magas event and Mexico. And well, today I greet you

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from the context of the event of
the Congress of the International Academy of Danero

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Law, where I had the opportunity
to meet many of our speakers internationally,

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but to meet you persona not for
being part of this Community, let us

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barter you the truth is that it
was surprising of now yes to meet you

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and not behind the screen, but
really to meet us and gladly to congratulate

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us for being doing these procas.
So today I am very happy that you

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continue to join us, that we
continue to make these precquets, that also

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these panelists that connect like today the
master Béjar welcome also to be part of

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this Community and well, today,
the truth is that it is a very

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interesting topic. With everything that is
happening from the changes of artificial intelligence,

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we are accompanied by the teacher lisefabierla
Martínez cuella with the theme. Artificial intelligence

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can be copyright holder. The truth
seems to me to be a very interesting

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subject and we want you to answer
this question. We welcome you for this

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welcome master barter. Thank you very
much for the invitation. And, well,

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it' s always a pleasure to
be able to collaborate with you and,

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well, bring you up- to- date topics. Hello, how

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about a good afternoon to bring up
the topical issues that, well, are

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always of interest to everyone. Because, finally, in some way or another,

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we are all connected with technology in
our day to day and, well,

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in our daily performance of our activities, because we are also related to

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technology. And so, obviously,
these technological advances are allowing us, for

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example, to make more appropriate decisions, more focused on the business, for

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example, for us, as lawyers, until we have access to theses in

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a much more effective way, to
consult laws, to see resolutions focused on

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the case we are studying, etcetera, etcetera. Then it' s very

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interesting. But, well, let' s see if we do. It

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is true that they may or may
not be subject to copyright, and where

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we stand at the national and international
levels. Excellent and well, we had

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a barter recently that it' s
going to be the future of law and

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we talked a lot about artificial intelligence. So, well, these issues we

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also really like to adapt. I
take this opportunity to say hello to Dr

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Maximo Carvajal. We missed him here
at Danero' s International Academy of Law,

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but I sent him a hug from
afar. Thanks anyway, hello doctor,

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how are you, how are you
doing? Greetings also plowing into telec

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to listen to today' s lecture. It will be an excellent subject,

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very, very interesting and we will
be reporting everything that happens here in Berlin,

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within the framework of the International Academy
of Law to Donero. Today we

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have the opportunity to be a little
there talking to academics about what we miss

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here, Doctor, but the truth
is that it was a very father to

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see them all again. Not because
we' re in people every few years

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to tell you that we' re
all more redounded. Excuse me, though.

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Forgive me, it was the interruption, but, well, let'

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s say we' ve got licamos
here. At the end, if you

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can good teacher. Before I give
you the floor, I would like to

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present your faces and allow me to
make this clear. The teacher lice Fabiela

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Martínez Cuellar is responsible for the area
of intellectual property, electronic commerce and protection

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of personal data. He holds a
degree in law from the University of La

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Salle with a specialty in intellectual property
by one, as well as patents,

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trademarks, copyright and competition from the
Licentiate of Industrial Law of the University of

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Santiago de Compostela, Spain. He
has a master' s degree in industrial

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and intellectual property and information society from
the University of Alicante, Spain. He

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is currently studying master' s degree
in intellectual property and new technologies at the

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non- American university and has eighteen
years of teaching experience at the University of

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La Salle and the American University in
matters of master' s property welcome to

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be a barter and thank you very
much for being with us. Thank you

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very much austere. I don'
t know if I can already share the

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screen. Yes, you already have
permissions and delights to listen to your talk.

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Then. Well, thank you all
very much for being here today at

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this conference. Here. Today'
s topic, as you said in the

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introduction, is to see if artificial
intelligence is susceptible to copyright protection. First

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of all, well, let'
s define what artificial intelligence is. WIPO,

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that is, the World Intellectual Property
Organization, defines artificial intelligence as the

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branch of computer science, which studies
the software and hardware needed to simulate human

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behavior and understanding. Artificial intelligence is
emphasized in the development of methods and algorithms

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that allow computers to behave intelligently.
And obviously it is what we try to

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understand with this that artificial intelligence is
generally to be considered as a discipline of

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informatics whose objective is the development of
machines and systems that can carry out tasks

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for which the need for the intervention
of human intelligence is foreseen. That is,

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machine learning and deep learning are two
spheres within artificial intelligence. So,

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obviously, with this, what I
want you to understand is that artificial intelligence

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is that technology that is going to
try to emulate the behavior of the human

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brain, either in decision- making, in the way of gaining experience,

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to acquire knowledge of how we do
the correlation of thought at the brain level,

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ral to be able to interlocate ideas, to acquire knowledge, to be

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able to speak, to be able
to share our opinions in an understandable language.

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So, this is what artificial intelligence
is all about to emulate the human

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brain a little bit, the work
of the human brain, so that,

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well somehow, it supposedly helps our
life to be easier. I do not

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forget that artificial intelligence has many edges, because we have to consider that the

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protection of human rights must also include
the protection of human rights, for example,

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the protection of personal data. For
example, vulnerable groups should be protected,

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children should be told and older adults
should be told. It is necessary

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to protect creators and inventors who are
related to the creation of works through artificial

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intelligence, which is the subject we
are dealing with today. Having said this

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and having clarified what we should understand
by artificial intelligence, we must also try

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to understand how artificial intelligence works.
And, well, here we are going

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to find some terms in English,
how is machine learning, dep lerni,

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algorithms, etcetera. So, here
we must first understand that maschine learning,

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as it is like a machine that
is programmed simply to fulfill, or a

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machine or software that is programmed to
fulfill basic specific functions, but through the

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algorithms that are these instructions given to
the machine so that it can correlate the

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information and perform the functions that are
being requested of the machine or the software.

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Then we have to in the dep
learning, which means that all these

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algorithms are going to get you getting
into databases, and not just databases,

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but computers that can be interconnected and
that can be positioned on servers in different

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parts of the world. A machine
may be able to gather the information that

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is being asked of it. Well, the software can collect the information that

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is being requested, so that,
for example, if we tell you to

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give me all the information regarding value
added tax, ah good from Mexico,

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because if you want it from Mexico
or I want it worldwide and a comparison

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of value added tax information, ah, because it is worldwide, because that

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machine, through dep learning and algorithms, will manage to bring me away all

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that information that I am asking you
to, so that I can analyze it,

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or I can review it or use
it for the purposes of an investigation

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or for the purposes of an answer, a week or so. And obviously

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here, because I give you some
examples of how artificial intelligence works, that

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is, we want to emulate the
human brain, but obviously, through the

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use of hardware and software so that
it is with it, because the improvement

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of the evil of information is achieved. Then we have that the goal of

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artificial intelligence is to simulate human intelligence
in a machine, creating robots that are

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conscious and with real feelings similar to
humans. Obviously, one of the most

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difficult problems is the simulation of consciousness
of human quality, which makes us realize

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our own existence. I mean,
it' s impossible because they don'

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t have a soul. I mean, if we go to a philosophical question,

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because a machine can never emulate what
is the essence of a human being.

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Simple and simply because a machine has
no soul, that is, it

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is managed, as I told you, by algorithms by a series of instructions

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that the machine will comply with is
depending on what you ask them to.

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However, because it is totally lacking
in feelings that it is those that make

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us have a free will, what
makes us have feelings what it does to

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us, because it is simply being
different from all those around us and that

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are part of the attributes of our
personality aha then, because this is a

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subject that, as it wishes to
them quickly, borders on philosophical issues and

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also borders on the respect of human
rights, because we may be affecting the

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rights of third parties or personal or
sensitive personal information if you do not have

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the appropriate parameters legally speaking for the
management of information through the management of artificial

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intelligence. Now let' s talk
a little bit about the history of artificial

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intelligence, where it comes from,
where we' re going, where we

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' re going, because we'
ve already come to these very sophisticated programs

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in this matter. Well, let' s start briefly. Obviously, I

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don' t want to make them
dizzy with that much history. However,

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everything goes back to the year of
one thousand nine hundred forty- five,

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when, obviously, the first Newman
architecture diagram was built, describing a digital

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computer design consisting of parts as a
unit of procedure forgiveness. I' m

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going to expand the screen so you
can see it in full. Then,

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obviously, in the year of nineteen
hundred and forty- eight there are electronic

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applications of cloud the Wood, which
showed that these applications of Bolean algebra could

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build any kind of logical relationship.
However, in a thousand nine hundred and

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fifty, this is why I also
put it in red. It' s

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the starting point. Why, because
Turing is considered, when this author publishes

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an article with the title Confuty Machinety
and Intelligence in Mike Y magazine, it

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is the first time he has ever
been able to conceive. Let' s

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say in a rudimentary way if you
want to understand it this way, the

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term intelligence through the machines aha then, well, this was, then,

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a very important step. Obviously,
there is a whole development of artificial intelligence

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issues from one thousand nine hundred and
fifty to one thousand nine hundred and seventy

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- three, but with the end
of a short time in the year of

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one thousand nine hundred and seventy-
three, the increase in the power of

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computers is not reflected in the results
and predictions made in the middle of the

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century were not fulfilled and began the
so- called Winter ol, which is

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the winter of artificial intelligence, in
which, since obviously, there was a

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time of little growth or little development
in artificial intelligence issues and notice. From

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a thousand nine hundred and seventy-
three to a thousand nine hundred and eighty

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- eight there was no progress in
artificial intelligence matters. However, until this

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year, one thousand nine hundred and
eighty- eight, the targeted languages stable.

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Here, then, the first target- oriented languages, i e specific

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tasks, are performed in a thousand
nine hundred and ninety- three, as

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Poli was the first mobile robot to
move at speeds. They are similar to

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animals, that is, one metre
per second, using computer vision for navigation

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and was an example of robotics based
on behavior. So here, then,

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we' re getting closer to the
animals emulating. However, today, as

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I have mentioned to you, artificial
intelligence is trying to emulate human intelligence.

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Well, then, in the year
of one thousand nine hundred and ninety-

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three is given the DEPPLU, which
was one this is super computer. Yeah,

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sorry to interrupt. I don'
t know if you can support us

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to be able to present it in
presentation mode, as the slides aren'

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t moving forward. Ah ok,
yes, here you see already I would

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not miss to put it in presentation
mode. In the part where it says

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presentation with diapositives. I' m
not going to hurt him to the top.

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Aya see higher up to what?
There ah to see a second is

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charging that see still not seen by
chance will have two monitors or it is

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only one. Not one ok to
see can not be shared again. Let

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' s see if I' m
gonna go back here, I' m

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gonna stop sharing. Here you can
see if you still see the power point

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would give you where it says slideshow. There, here, up to what

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unclicked here already you see not still
not seen in full size, already let

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share and stop sharing to see what
happens, what is happening, right now,

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you see the presentation in full size, right now, I see it

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like this with the slides on the
side and the other side, the normal

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slide on the bottom where the zoom
is is also a law there. Please,

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you can see her there, I' ll follow her. We continue

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to see the power point and slides
on the left side. It' s

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not because I' m here right
now, I see the whole presentation.

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So, you see it you don' t keep seeing the slides on the

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left side. No other thing you
can do. Derene share screen. Another

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stop sharing and give it back to
screen sharing and instead of selecting the power

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power power it will put you the
one saying stop or desktop, which is

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the first dice. Here in window
not to full size, it says to

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fulfill screen and then gives you several
options and says desktop. Or this doesn

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' t show up window and so
be complete. Okay I' d say

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full screen this one, but full
screen doesn' t show up there.

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Why not. You manipulate it,
you have a good time, yes,

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of course. I think it would
be the same solution. If you like

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to continue, or I' ll
make it clear Okay, well. That

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' s good. Then, as
I was telling you in the year two

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thousand and four, this dragon,
the dragon of ransom, is given.

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This rescue dragon, as it is
a robot created to help humans in areas

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that have been hit by a natural
disaster and was manufactured by the Japanese company

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Demesuk. Then, in the year
two thousand eight, Mister de Volta,

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00:21:32.480 --> 00:21:38.039
the Tar Hashi team, presented Mr
Evolto, a small robot of just seven

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centimeters capable of climbing in the canyon
of the red one with just two batteries.

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In the two thousand nine, intelligent
therapeutic systems were developed to detect emotions

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in order to interact with autistic children. From two thousand eleven to two thousand

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fourteen we have or voice recognition of
a little help that appeared on the new

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iPhone. An application that recognizes the
voice is one of the greatest discoveries in

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this field, beyond the recognition of
voice, which is one of the goals

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of artificial intelligence. And here I
do not want to overlook that it is

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an important issue in the area of
data protection. As far as biometric data

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is concerned, then the recognition of
voice, the recognition of IRIS, what

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00:22:30.319 --> 00:22:37.279
is called the actillary fingerprints and facial
recognition that are given in some applications and

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00:22:37.319 --> 00:22:44.839
also in some of the social networks, because it is a sensitive topic,

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because imagine that if you misuse this
type of biometric data, because we would

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be in serious trouble, because,
therefore, they are data that we cannot

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change, that are inno altered over
time, that it is not as if

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00:23:02.160 --> 00:23:07.160
I change a password, a key
that is. In this case, for

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that information you need to be careful. That is why the European Data Protection

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Directive has issued restrictions on the use
of artificial intelligence through dep learning, for

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the misuse of personal data, sensitive
personal data and biometric data. Then we

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have supercomputer Watson in two thousand eleven. I don' t know if you

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can already see the presentation, you
know. Then here we have supercomputer Watson,

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which IBM developed this supercomputer, which
won a round of three games followed

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by the Russian chess player. So, we are already seeing that, effectively,

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this artificial intelligence has the tendency to
emulate behavior and, obviously, human

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thinking in the use of strategies.
Then, in the year two thousand and

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fourteen, he developed the self-
capable of managing himself only through Google'

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s platform. And so, obviously, then, this was a whole revolution

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that also generated some legal consequences,
because it said, in the case of

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an accident, in the case of
civil liability or criminal responsibility, who is

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responsible in the event of an accident. Please, well, then, how

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you can create, how you can
protect all works protected by artificial intelligence or

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created by artificial intelligence, because we
have two means that one is through copyright

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and another is through the copyright patent
right now. I can mention some examples

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00:25:18.720 --> 00:25:22.359
of works that have been protected by
this branch of intellectual property, so I

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00:25:22.359 --> 00:25:29.079
also want to emphasize that intellectual property
has two major branches, one that is

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00:25:29.240 --> 00:25:38.880
industrial property and the other that is
copyright. Industrial property is the discipline that

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00:25:40.000 --> 00:25:47.680
protects the works of the human intellect
aimed at protecting creations focused on industry and

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00:25:47.839 --> 00:25:52.039
commerce, while copyright is the branch
of intellectual property, which is focused on

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00:25:52.079 --> 00:26:03.680
protecting creations produced by the human intellect
focused on culture and the arts. So,

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00:26:03.279 --> 00:26:10.039
based on these differences that I have
just explained to you within the area

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00:26:10.079 --> 00:26:15.200
of industrial property, we find the
issue of patents as new industrial creations.

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Therefore, within the examples we have
found is a container for drinks based on

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00:26:21.640 --> 00:26:30.359
a fractal geometry and the other for
artificial intelligence for the development of an apparatus

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00:26:30.400 --> 00:26:34.440
that manages to capture attention effectively and
that could result in utility in search and

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00:26:34.519 --> 00:26:44.000
rescue operations. In the case of
copyright, we find, for example,

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00:26:44.160 --> 00:26:52.440
the portrait of the next rembrand the
portrait of Edmond Belami, as well as

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00:26:52.440 --> 00:26:57.400
the computer programs capable of composing music
by Emily Howell or bot Hlan or the

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00:26:59.400 --> 00:27:04.359
bride he written by artificial intelligence entitled
Dale A, Coumper Wrights or Nobel.

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00:27:07.640 --> 00:27:14.559
So, these are some examples of
works that have been protected by various means.

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00:27:15.000 --> 00:27:18.440
You' ll ask me. Well
and when does the copyright apply and

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00:27:18.559 --> 00:27:22.640
when does the patent apply? Well, copyright, as I told you,

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00:27:22.839 --> 00:27:30.000
is for works of an obviously cultural, artistic character. And the patent is

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00:27:30.160 --> 00:27:37.680
when this artificial intelligence software is part
of an invention, that is, a

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00:27:37.319 --> 00:27:42.720
software itself. It cannot be protected
by patent because, for the purposes of

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00:27:42.799 --> 00:27:48.240
our legislation, whether national or international, a software is considered as a literary

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00:27:48.400 --> 00:27:56.799
work. Then, it can only
be protected by patent if this software is

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00:27:56.880 --> 00:28:03.400
part of one of an invention.
It' s the only way you can

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00:28:03.440 --> 00:28:11.519
protect yourself. Or the only way
software could be protected by patent. You

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00:28:11.599 --> 00:28:18.160
' ve been here please, and
well, obviously, we' re going

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00:28:18.200 --> 00:28:23.400
to talk right now about what international
provisions establish. And also well, I

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00:28:23.400 --> 00:28:32.039
want to clarify that our national legislation, being a part of European continental law,

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00:28:32.119 --> 00:28:37.240
well, is based on international treaties. What is the Berne Convention for

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00:28:37.839 --> 00:28:42.079
the Protection of Copyright of the year
1, 800 eighty- six, therefore,

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00:28:44.000 --> 00:28:48.200
the author. We will understand what
an author is for legal purposes,

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the author, because, obviously,
all the provisions at the international level establish

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00:28:56.039 --> 00:29:00.519
that he is an individual, that
is, a natural person, that is,

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a natural person, who has created
a literary or artistic work and,

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00:29:04.880 --> 00:29:11.000
therefore, will only be recognized according
to how the legislation is currently, both

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00:29:11.039 --> 00:29:18.119
nationally and internationally. Only a natural
person can be recognized as an author,

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00:29:18.839 --> 00:29:22.279
and this natural person, obviously,
through a licence or rights session contract,

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00:29:22.920 --> 00:29:32.599
may grant or license his or her
property rights of exploitation to a moral person.

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00:29:34.319 --> 00:29:41.039
But the only ones who can be
considered authors today are natural persons.

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00:29:41.359 --> 00:29:47.160
Therefore, a priori, since I
could tell you artificial intelligence as such,

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00:29:48.000 --> 00:29:52.319
we could not consider a software as
the creator of a work in terms of

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00:29:52.440 --> 00:30:03.200
both international and national regulation. Next, please, now what a play is.

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Copyright, as I have already told
you, is intended to protect works

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00:30:08.000 --> 00:30:15.359
of human intellect focused on culture and
the arts. Therefore, copyright does not

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cover ideas, but only creations.
But in order for a creation to be

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00:30:23.480 --> 00:30:30.319
protected, it has to be materialized
and understood to be materialized, to be

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00:30:30.440 --> 00:30:37.359
subject to a material support, which
is a sinecuane requirement for the protection of

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00:30:37.400 --> 00:30:41.200
the arts, that is, of
any work, besides that this work has

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00:30:41.559 --> 00:30:47.519
to enjoy originality and what originality means, that it is not collected from something

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00:30:47.799 --> 00:30:56.640
previously existing. And obviously, these
are going to be the fundamental requirements for

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00:30:56.720 --> 00:31:03.160
a true prayer to be considered to
be capable of copyright protection. And I

291
00:31:03.200 --> 00:31:11.839
repeat again the ideas are not protected
if they are not materialized in a material

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00:31:11.960 --> 00:31:18.400
medium and if they do not enjoy
originality or what next? Please, then,

293
00:31:19.720 --> 00:31:25.000
what are the conditions for the protection
of copyright, as three essential requirements

294
00:31:25.079 --> 00:31:33.200
have to be met. A work
must be original, must be fixed on

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00:31:33.240 --> 00:31:38.440
a material support and must have a
functionality aha. We go to the next,

296
00:31:38.720 --> 00:31:48.039
please, then the copyright provisions tell
us that what is originality, because

297
00:31:48.039 --> 00:31:56.160
it is that a work is not
a copy of something previously existing aha and

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00:31:56.599 --> 00:32:00.480
that this work, at the time
that you at the same time, reflects

299
00:32:00.559 --> 00:32:05.559
the imprint of the author. And
what is the imprint of the author,

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00:32:06.319 --> 00:32:09.559
because that artificial intelligence, today,
cannot develop, that it is the part

301
00:32:09.839 --> 00:32:19.160
of the essence, the soul that
projects our personality and that is unique and

302
00:32:19.200 --> 00:32:25.759
unrepeatable. Over the eight billion inhabitants
over the earth phase. It' s

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00:32:25.799 --> 00:32:30.759
what makes us different. That is
why it is said that, for example,

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00:32:30.519 --> 00:32:35.319
a painter when he makes a stroke
on a canvas, in each deed,

305
00:32:35.799 --> 00:32:38.880
leaves his imprint, because he leaves
part of his personality, because even

306
00:32:39.359 --> 00:32:45.480
if we put ten people that we
had the faculty to imitate, we could

307
00:32:45.599 --> 00:32:50.240
put the same trace. And we
can see that with the form of the

308
00:32:50.400 --> 00:32:54.960
letter when writing. When someone signs, that is, one clearly sees,

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00:32:55.759 --> 00:33:00.720
then, the essence of our personality
in the cases we do, or the

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00:33:00.759 --> 00:33:06.880
essence of our personality at the time
of writing or at the time of singing,

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00:33:07.160 --> 00:33:12.640
of interpreting a song, or if
we can hear the same song with

312
00:33:12.680 --> 00:33:16.000
ten different performers, and yet each
one will give that interpretation. Obviously,

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00:33:16.880 --> 00:33:22.200
the proper part of your personality and, as I say to you today,

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00:33:22.400 --> 00:33:29.759
even if you do not want to
handle it differently, to my judgment,

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00:33:30.559 --> 00:33:36.799
artificial intelligence cannot emulate that essential part, which is our imprint. And,

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00:33:37.000 --> 00:33:44.519
well, obviously, originality means it' s not a copy of something pre

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00:33:44.519 --> 00:33:50.400
- existing. Next, please,
well, the fixation, as I already

318
00:33:50.440 --> 00:33:53.839
told you, is, means that, in order for it to be protected

319
00:33:53.920 --> 00:34:00.480
according to the law, this work
has to be on a more material support

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00:34:00.960 --> 00:34:05.319
so that it can be perceptible by
our senses. Next, please, and

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00:34:07.240 --> 00:34:14.159
so obviously, the functionality that some
national legislation restricts the protection of copyright for

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00:34:14.199 --> 00:34:21.800
works that are attached to needs or
issues specific to the technique. This as

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00:34:21.840 --> 00:34:24.280
a means of preventing copyright from being
a means of abusing the system of protection

324
00:34:24.400 --> 00:34:30.960
of inventions. That' s what
I was telling you earlier, that'

325
00:34:30.079 --> 00:34:34.039
s in our system. In fact, here in Mexico, as in other

326
00:34:34.159 --> 00:34:39.800
countries in Europe, it is considered
that in order for a software to be

327
00:34:40.280 --> 00:34:46.239
patented it has to have a functionality
within the invention that is being pretended to

328
00:34:46.280 --> 00:34:54.800
patent, otherwise, you will be
rejected the protection of the software that handles

329
00:34:54.920 --> 00:35:00.360
artificial intelligence and you will be sent
to protection or literary mora or copyrighted.

330
00:35:01.239 --> 00:35:08.800
Next. Please, well, then
artificial intelligence and copyright where we stand.

331
00:35:12.199 --> 00:35:15.039
Well, first of all, copyright, because, as I said, it

332
00:35:15.079 --> 00:35:20.599
will protect literary works, artistic works
and, obviously, a computer program is

333
00:35:20.599 --> 00:35:30.440
considered a literary work for the purposes
of national and international law. Most jurisdictions,

334
00:35:31.360 --> 00:35:37.320
including Spain, Germany, Portugal,
France, will consider only natural persons

335
00:35:38.599 --> 00:35:45.199
as authors, and therefore software will
only be patentable and part of one part

336
00:35:45.199 --> 00:36:00.639
of the process of an invention and
fulfil a special function. Next, please,

337
00:36:07.679 --> 00:36:15.760
well now, the next mechanism to
protect an artificial intelligence creation is through

338
00:36:16.440 --> 00:36:24.280
industrial property, through a new industrial
creation called patent. And obviously it is

339
00:36:24.360 --> 00:36:31.000
a patent is the exclusive right of
exploitation granted by the State to a natural

340
00:36:31.119 --> 00:36:39.079
person in respect of an invention.
So this invention means that it is offering

341
00:36:39.480 --> 00:36:46.119
a solution to a problem in the
state of the art. So what do

342
00:36:46.440 --> 00:36:52.360
you guys mean by that? Well, well, the invention remember that every

343
00:36:52.480 --> 00:36:58.760
invention is a technological advance that allows
us to make our lives easier in our

344
00:36:58.880 --> 00:37:00.760
day- to- day lives.
It' s not the same thing to

345
00:37:00.960 --> 00:37:07.679
wash in a river on a stone
with bloodied knees to which you had a

346
00:37:07.840 --> 00:37:10.960
laundry room and had a pool and
somehow washed in a more comfortable way.

347
00:37:12.599 --> 00:37:19.519
And then someone who designed a washing
machine where it was spinning and that she

348
00:37:19.559 --> 00:37:23.119
was able to squeeze and that you
could tend in an easier way to a

349
00:37:23.119 --> 00:37:27.880
current washing machine that, well,
because it already washes you by cycles,

350
00:37:27.960 --> 00:37:31.320
by type of water, cold or
hot, what it' s called squeezes

351
00:37:31.480 --> 00:37:38.119
you, leaves your clothes as you
practically take it off and then in an

352
00:37:38.199 --> 00:37:42.559
hour you' re practically dry your
clothes. So, all these processes that

353
00:37:42.679 --> 00:37:50.480
I explained to you right now with
the washing machine, because they are creations,

354
00:37:50.800 --> 00:37:53.199
inventions that have improved and made our
lives easier. That is an invention,

355
00:37:53.800 --> 00:38:00.280
every creation product of the human intellect
that improves, it solves a problem

356
00:38:00.320 --> 00:38:05.280
in the state of the art and, consequently, makes our life easier.

357
00:38:06.199 --> 00:38:12.400
Next, but for a patent,
so that an invention can be protected and

358
00:38:12.920 --> 00:38:16.880
we see a patent, because obviously
I return to the same thing. Who

359
00:38:17.000 --> 00:38:25.800
can invent something, because only natural
persons tell me what they say to me,

360
00:38:25.960 --> 00:38:34.679
Only natural persons can be creators and
that already by a legal fiction that

361
00:38:34.800 --> 00:38:39.639
obviously companies through the contract of work
on request and other legal figures can appear

362
00:38:39.760 --> 00:38:47.880
as holders of the property rights of
exploitation, as in the matter of copyright.

363
00:38:50.320 --> 00:38:53.800
Well, that' s another thing, but at first, even in

364
00:38:53.840 --> 00:39:00.840
patent applications you' re told that
it' s mandatory that you establish in

365
00:39:00.840 --> 00:39:07.519
that attempt, that is, the
next natural person. Now, what are

366
00:39:07.559 --> 00:39:12.039
the patentability requirements of an invention,
that is, because it has to be

367
00:39:12.000 --> 00:39:15.559
the food, it has to be
new, it has to be the result

368
00:39:15.880 --> 00:39:22.159
of an inventive activity and susceptible to
new industrial application, since there is nothing

369
00:39:22.280 --> 00:39:27.039
like the state of the technique,
which is the state of the art,

370
00:39:27.079 --> 00:39:35.400
because all the knowledge at national and
international level, that is available at the

371
00:39:35.480 --> 00:39:40.239
technological level and the result of an
inventive activity, because it is the brain

372
00:39:42.639 --> 00:39:47.679
work in which, through the inventor' s thought, he managed to develop

373
00:39:47.760 --> 00:39:52.239
or solve this problem that was in
the state of the technique and its septible

374
00:39:52.280 --> 00:39:59.239
of industrial application is that it can
be manufactured and that it can obviously be

375
00:40:00.320 --> 00:40:06.360
sold in the next trade. Please, well, and then this whole conclusion

376
00:40:06.480 --> 00:40:08.960
is going to tell me good and
licensed. Why didn' t you know

377
00:40:09.119 --> 00:40:14.360
all this stuff about this, why
copyright protection and why is patent protection?

378
00:40:15.199 --> 00:40:21.280
Because what I want to be clear
is that to create both for copyright artistic,

379
00:40:21.880 --> 00:40:28.320
literary, musical works, how to
create an invention and patent it.

380
00:40:28.800 --> 00:40:37.039
They must be, as is our
national legislation, natural persons who are holders

381
00:40:37.119 --> 00:40:42.840
of the moral and property rights,
of exploitation of those rights. That'

382
00:40:42.920 --> 00:40:49.559
s the way the legislation is.
So the subjects to today' s disjunctive

383
00:40:49.639 --> 00:40:58.119
which is to whom. Then I
can award you rights for creations derived from

384
00:40:58.159 --> 00:41:08.960
artificial intelligence or creations produced by machines
designed with artificial intelligence. So obviously there

385
00:41:10.679 --> 00:41:17.039
are scholars of matter who in the
doctrine say well, I can assign rights

386
00:41:17.119 --> 00:41:24.920
to a machine, a mashchine learning
through neural work networks. Well I can

387
00:41:24.960 --> 00:41:31.360
also assign rights to the programmer of
those softwares, well, but I can

388
00:41:31.400 --> 00:41:39.159
assign rights also to the artificial intelligence
trainer A I can assign rights to users.

389
00:41:40.159 --> 00:41:46.280
And here, then, let me
quote you. If we get to

390
00:41:46.360 --> 00:41:52.639
play in a video game where,
because maybe they put you interacting with the

391
00:41:52.920 --> 00:41:59.199
game, you have to develop or
strategies, or you have to solve mathematical

392
00:41:59.239 --> 00:42:07.559
problems, or you have to solve
not strategy, but do a work of

393
00:42:07.719 --> 00:42:15.039
art or sing. I don'
t know or make a video. Actually

394
00:42:15.440 --> 00:42:22.360
as a user, I' m
creating a play or I' m just

395
00:42:22.440 --> 00:42:25.719
following the instructions the game itself tells
me, the video game itself. Then,

396
00:42:27.559 --> 00:42:31.480
then, we would no longer enter
into a circuit where definitely. It

397
00:42:31.559 --> 00:42:39.280
could not be said that a video
game user considers himself as the author of

398
00:42:39.280 --> 00:42:45.480
the trainer of artificial intelligence, since
whoever teaches you to use both the software

399
00:42:45.559 --> 00:42:55.239
and the computer can be regarded as
the author, not the inventor. Not

400
00:42:55.400 --> 00:43:01.800
obviously, no, because he'
s only qualified to follow the instructions of

401
00:43:01.800 --> 00:43:06.400
the software, but he' s
not creating anything new. I could tell

402
00:43:06.559 --> 00:43:10.480
you that the programmer is the inventor, or the author of a software,

403
00:43:12.920 --> 00:43:16.480
depending on whether we are copyrighted or
imparted. Yes, the programmer does why,

404
00:43:16.760 --> 00:43:20.960
because he is the person who is
dedicated to writing that literary work,

405
00:43:21.000 --> 00:43:25.000
that is, through a computer language, is the person who creates and gives

406
00:43:25.960 --> 00:43:30.199
those instructions to the machine to fulfill
a specific function, that is, then

407
00:43:30.519 --> 00:43:38.519
the programmer could be considered author or
inventor. As the case may be,

408
00:43:39.079 --> 00:43:44.559
machine learning through neural work networks,
I could tell you that it is creator,

409
00:43:45.199 --> 00:43:51.119
inventor, or author. It'
s not a machine. We return

410
00:43:51.199 --> 00:43:53.960
to the same thing and agree on
how national legislation is. He could not

411
00:43:54.000 --> 00:44:01.079
in any way be considered an author. Well up to this point it could

412
00:44:01.199 --> 00:44:07.840
be considered joint authorship. If the
programmer participates, if the coach participates or

413
00:44:07.920 --> 00:44:10.719
participates in the users. No,
because we' re back to the same

414
00:44:10.719 --> 00:44:17.360
thing. Users and trainers of a
software are only following the instructions given to

415
00:44:17.440 --> 00:44:23.960
them by the program itself, but
they are not creating anything new. Could

416
00:44:24.000 --> 00:44:30.840
it be considered that a work created
through artificial intelligence, by not being susceptible

417
00:44:30.920 --> 00:44:34.840
to protection because it is not a
physical person, then, is it a

418
00:44:34.880 --> 00:44:39.840
work in the public domain? Yes, we could understand, indeed, that

419
00:44:40.519 --> 00:44:47.239
if there is not a natural person
to whom I can grant the patrimonial and

420
00:44:47.320 --> 00:44:55.239
moral rights in respect of that work, then it could necessarily be a work

421
00:44:55.360 --> 00:45:00.159
in the public domain. But we' re going to another dilemma. And

422
00:45:00.079 --> 00:45:08.360
if I fall into that situation,
then I demotivate the creation of innovation and

423
00:45:08.480 --> 00:45:15.800
technological development in the field of artificial
intelligence, because then the technological industries would

424
00:45:15.880 --> 00:45:21.920
say because if I do not have
an exclusive right of exploitation, then I

425
00:45:22.440 --> 00:45:24.159
am not interested in continuing to invest
in the development of artificial intelligence. So

426
00:45:25.800 --> 00:45:30.840
let' s stop, because,
because we' re already focusing on a

427
00:45:31.519 --> 00:45:35.000
rough topic of what do we do? I mean, we protect them,

428
00:45:35.280 --> 00:45:38.199
don' t we protect them?
What do we have to do? As

429
00:45:38.320 --> 00:45:45.039
lawyers and, obviously, legislators from
different countries in the world, what do

430
00:45:45.039 --> 00:45:49.719
we have to do? To end
with this dilemma, And there are those,

431
00:45:51.599 --> 00:45:54.639
there are specialists in doctrine who say
no, that is, because we

432
00:45:54.679 --> 00:46:00.679
are looking for a hybrid we are
saying that there is a work on request,

433
00:46:00.360 --> 00:46:07.760
there is a program that develops,
that gives a group of programmers that

434
00:46:07.840 --> 00:46:12.840
develop the software and that it can
be individual or it can be through collaborative

435
00:46:12.920 --> 00:46:17.840
works or through collective works. And
so, well, these through a construction

436
00:46:17.880 --> 00:46:23.239
contract. On request, they give
their rights to a company that will manage

437
00:46:23.239 --> 00:46:30.280
the works created by artificial intelligence.
And so we are creating a law that

438
00:46:30.320 --> 00:46:36.480
we do not have, but because
we must continue to encourage technological development,

439
00:46:37.119 --> 00:46:42.159
we cannot stop. We have to
do something next. Please, well,

440
00:46:44.440 --> 00:46:50.039
and here we' re going to
see some examples so that they don'

441
00:46:50.159 --> 00:46:52.800
t see pure theory, but we' re going to see where we stand.

442
00:46:52.880 --> 00:46:58.360
Well, here we have the robot
Sofia and the robot Alexa, who

443
00:46:58.519 --> 00:47:01.639
already know him, who is in
our public domain, and the fence you

444
00:47:02.519 --> 00:47:07.519
can talk to and tell him to
put a song Tell me a story,

445
00:47:08.280 --> 00:47:14.519
it' s find me a movie, open the door, learn the light,

446
00:47:15.000 --> 00:47:16.840
that is, everyone happy. So, well, there we already have

447
00:47:17.400 --> 00:47:24.880
these examples. And Sofia, for
example, was characterized because she could engage

448
00:47:24.960 --> 00:47:35.800
in a conversation as a real person
and she could what it' s called

449
00:47:37.280 --> 00:47:42.280
to make connections and even have the
ability, even to put facial expressions of

450
00:47:42.280 --> 00:47:46.800
sadness, of joy. And it
was so the boom of technology, that

451
00:47:47.280 --> 00:47:52.880
it was the first robot in which
one of the countries across the Middle East,

452
00:47:52.960 --> 00:48:00.639
as it gave this person a passport
and a nationality notice how far we

453
00:48:00.639 --> 00:48:06.599
are getting. A robot could really
use personality attributes, that is, we

454
00:48:06.760 --> 00:48:13.480
can really get to those extremes.
I don' t agree so much,

455
00:48:13.880 --> 00:48:15.639
but because it won' t stop
being a machine. But good for you

456
00:48:15.719 --> 00:48:23.000
to see at what extremes we are
next, please, and good for here,

457
00:48:25.000 --> 00:48:30.400
as he briefly sofied in the year
two thousand sixteen, for it was

458
00:48:30.400 --> 00:48:37.599
manufactured by a Japanese company Hanson Robotics
and was able to engage in conversations with

459
00:48:37.599 --> 00:48:44.400
another human being, to show himself
between two facial expressions, this processing practically

460
00:48:44.440 --> 00:48:49.079
all the information that comes into his
eyes with emotions of his interlocutors according to

461
00:48:49.079 --> 00:48:53.440
his gestures. And well, this
artificial intelligence, because it combines the vanguard

462
00:48:53.519 --> 00:49:01.079
of neural networks, expert systems,
processing machines, language, cognitive architecture,

463
00:49:02.239 --> 00:49:10.079
as well as other different ways to
respond to the stimuli that the robot received

464
00:49:10.119 --> 00:49:17.840
then in the case of Alexa,
because it was manufactured, brought to the

465
00:49:17.920 --> 00:49:22.599
market in the year two thousand fifteen, And it can be about an artificial

466
00:49:22.639 --> 00:49:30.239
intelligence system that allows to listen to
the news, know the time, play

467
00:49:30.239 --> 00:49:36.880
music, control your entire home in
a digital way. As I told them,

468
00:49:37.159 --> 00:49:42.079
long ago turn on the spotlights,
turn them off at the doors,

469
00:49:42.880 --> 00:49:51.480
turn on the conditioning area, among
others, answer hands- free calls,

470
00:49:52.320 --> 00:50:00.519
ask questions, feel your sports,
follow your favorite sports or regulate alarms or

471
00:50:02.320 --> 00:50:07.039
timers the following spatial perception. Please, and well, these good first two

472
00:50:07.119 --> 00:50:20.679
examples. They' re robots that
emulate human intelligence, human behavior, and

473
00:50:20.719 --> 00:50:27.840
I also want to tell you,
they' re not robots that are capturing

474
00:50:27.840 --> 00:50:30.239
all the environmental information. Not only
do they stay in that you give them

475
00:50:30.320 --> 00:50:36.840
instructions, but they' re also
capturing all the information. What happens around

476
00:50:36.920 --> 00:50:40.159
the person who possesses the device in
the case of alexa. So it has

477
00:50:40.719 --> 00:50:47.679
been possible to solve some crimes in
the United States derived from the environmental information

478
00:50:49.639 --> 00:50:54.679
that captures Alexa. And so,
we' re not strangers to our cell

479
00:50:54.679 --> 00:50:59.400
phones. Many times we say.
And why if I was talking to someone

480
00:50:59.559 --> 00:51:07.360
about intellectual property courses today afternoon,
because I find it odd that in the

481
00:51:07.400 --> 00:51:13.960
next few visits to my social media
platforms I start getting ads related to intellectual

482
00:51:13.960 --> 00:51:21.440
property courses. And why, if
I said I wanted to go on a

483
00:51:21.480 --> 00:51:29.440
vacation in the Caribbean, I'
m getting a series of commercials related to

484
00:51:29.519 --> 00:51:34.280
my trip to the Caribbean. Why. Because, too, these are little

485
00:51:34.320 --> 00:51:38.599
things that if we do not control
the form of data protection and confidentiality,

486
00:51:38.760 --> 00:51:45.639
they are also capturing all the information. That is, the microphone is open

487
00:51:45.079 --> 00:51:50.480
many times the House is open.
Then you have to be very careful,

488
00:51:51.079 --> 00:51:58.199
because you also have these mechanisms that
you handle alexa to keep additional information.

489
00:51:58.719 --> 00:52:01.480
And so, in addition to everything
that you upload from all the pages you

490
00:52:01.599 --> 00:52:07.519
visit, everything that you care about
are saving all the information in such a

491
00:52:07.519 --> 00:52:15.039
way that, for example, social
networks today, can get you a whole

492
00:52:15.119 --> 00:52:20.800
profile of who you are just because
of the behavior in the use of your

493
00:52:20.840 --> 00:52:24.239
cell phone or, in their case, in the use of platforms. Then

494
00:52:24.360 --> 00:52:30.920
you have to be very careful.
And that is why in Europe, they

495
00:52:30.920 --> 00:52:34.239
are very concerned about the misuse that
can be given to all this information,

496
00:52:35.239 --> 00:52:39.039
which is somehow to be trusted.
Then we have the case of Naruto,

497
00:52:39.480 --> 00:52:45.920
the macaque of the Celtis and they
see how beautiful, look smile at all

498
00:52:46.119 --> 00:52:50.480
this macaque so beautiful And well,
what is the story of this macaque,

499
00:52:51.000 --> 00:52:55.840
because it turns out that a photographer
of national geography was around in the Selva,

500
00:52:57.559 --> 00:53:02.159
left his camera and this or this
curious one and began to manipulate the

501
00:53:02.280 --> 00:53:07.000
Chamber. And because already manipulating the
House, this he alone took a following

502
00:53:07.159 --> 00:53:13.880
series, please, and it went
well, smiling, see that nice and

503
00:53:13.880 --> 00:53:17.800
what a beautiful So, well,
he takes his Celtic And so, obviously,

504
00:53:21.880 --> 00:53:32.280
the photographer goes to the U S
Office to try to get protection over

505
00:53:32.360 --> 00:53:37.320
the photo and, at the time
of filling the request, says ah is

506
00:53:38.679 --> 00:53:45.039
that the author of this photograph is
the macaque and, therefore, it was

507
00:53:45.039 --> 00:53:50.199
not me, that is, I
did not intervene in the taking of the

508
00:53:50.239 --> 00:53:58.400
photograph. It was the macaco and, well, finally, the U S

509
00:53:58.760 --> 00:54:01.159
Office of Copyright tells him that,
because it is a penalty that copyright rights

510
00:54:01.320 --> 00:54:07.239
cannot be granted to a macaco,
since this one, since he is not

511
00:54:07.920 --> 00:54:12.440
a natural person, is not an
entity capable of entering into rights and obligations.

512
00:54:15.519 --> 00:54:19.440
And well, however, an extra
judicial agreement was reached in which it

513
00:54:19.480 --> 00:54:23.280
is stated that all the money that
was collected, not for the sale or

514
00:54:23.400 --> 00:54:30.199
distribution of this photograph, would be
donated to an organization twenty- five percent

515
00:54:30.280 --> 00:54:35.119
this of the income of the image
for the sustenance of the macaco, that

516
00:54:35.280 --> 00:54:37.880
this one that led to the fame, not this one, but well,

517
00:54:37.880 --> 00:54:43.480
finally, to the one that was
granted the copyright, because it went to

518
00:54:43.719 --> 00:54:46.800
the photographer and in no way,
because to the macaco not with everything and

519
00:54:46.920 --> 00:54:52.079
that it turned out very nice and
looks like this all cute with a lot

520
00:54:52.079 --> 00:54:54.199
of personality. But, then,
this one but, well, it is

521
00:54:54.320 --> 00:55:01.320
not a subject susceptible of rights and
obligations next, please, well, then,

522
00:55:01.840 --> 00:55:08.280
here we have the intelligence applied to
driving vehicles and preventive medical treatments.

523
00:55:09.639 --> 00:55:15.280
Here we have, well, the
case of using autonomous cars, where,

524
00:55:15.000 --> 00:55:19.480
well, I already have a series
of cameras and implements to avoid those first

525
00:55:20.519 --> 00:55:27.639
accidents that I mentioned to them,
in the accidents that could occur in matters

526
00:55:27.800 --> 00:55:36.239
of civil liability. Well, then, they have greatly refined their technique to

527
00:55:36.480 --> 00:55:43.920
avoid contingencies. Now in the field
of medicine, because the scopes of artificial

528
00:55:43.960 --> 00:55:49.599
intelligence are really surprising, because today
we have software that can help you identify

529
00:55:49.719 --> 00:55:55.760
rare diseases through dep learning, that
is, deep navigation and through algorithms and

530
00:55:55.760 --> 00:56:02.639
interconnected machines that allow medical experts to
come up with already diagnostic reasonings for the

531
00:56:02.679 --> 00:56:15.239
solution of rare diseases or of which
there are cases, very few cases worldwide.

532
00:56:25.960 --> 00:56:34.159
But well, we also really have
that there is development of fabulous artificial

533
00:56:34.280 --> 00:56:39.320
intelligence through robots for cardiac surgery topics, for da vinci topics, to operate

534
00:56:39.599 --> 00:56:49.119
through less invasive mechanisms for patients and
easier recovery for diagnosis of different types of

535
00:56:49.159 --> 00:57:01.360
cancers is truly fabulous. Next,
please, well, here we have artificial

536
00:57:01.880 --> 00:57:07.599
intelligence applied to music and, for
example, here, we have these platforms

537
00:57:07.679 --> 00:57:13.760
that help us create music without the
intervention of an author, and here we

538
00:57:13.800 --> 00:57:20.719
have sound Full move e, cred
Este, soundtraw Umper musicc Live, Schre

539
00:57:20.920 --> 00:57:30.679
and Lambus. So, all these
can create you even scores, they can

540
00:57:30.719 --> 00:57:37.880
create ambient music, they can create
even music for plays, and so on.

541
00:57:38.119 --> 00:57:45.599
So, look at all the development
that these issues have. Next,

542
00:57:45.760 --> 00:57:52.360
please, well, here, as
the artificial intelligence applied to art and because

543
00:57:52.400 --> 00:57:59.440
we have the new replan here is
a very interesting case because through a sun

544
00:57:59.519 --> 00:58:07.599
that this managed to pixelate not this
my the images of rembra this and they

545
00:58:07.239 --> 00:58:15.199
managed to take a totally new photo
of rembran almost trying to emulate or I

546
00:58:15.199 --> 00:58:20.199
mean, the authors of the software
say that they are totally emulating the imprint

547
00:58:20.960 --> 00:58:25.639
this of rembra not that because practically
the traces would be as if he had

548
00:58:25.800 --> 00:58:30.800
painted rembra this and well, because
they put if we go to the next

549
00:58:30.800 --> 00:58:37.480
slide. That' s good.
Obviously, here it tells you is not

550
00:58:37.599 --> 00:58:45.639
a computer- generated painting in three
d This has been developed this by facial

551
00:58:45.639 --> 00:58:52.519
recognition, this for eighteen months.
No and thus he analyzed in super detail

552
00:58:52.519 --> 00:58:54.880
three hundred and forty- six well- known paintings of the Dutch painter.

553
00:58:55.639 --> 00:59:00.079
And so it consists of one hundred
and forty- eight million pixel and is

554
00:59:00.159 --> 00:59:06.960
based on one hundred and sixty-
eight thousand two hundred and sixty- three

555
00:59:07.000 --> 00:59:09.519
fragments of mill works stored in a
database for these purposes. And as the

556
00:59:09.599 --> 00:59:15.440
project was sponsored by a Dutch banking
group and in collaboration with Microsoft Oft and

557
00:59:15.480 --> 00:59:21.960
marketing consulting j Walker Thompson and several
advisors from the Technical University of Delfth,

558
00:59:22.199 --> 00:59:28.719
the Maurice Zubits Museum and the House
of the Museum of Rema. Obviously,

559
00:59:30.280 --> 00:59:36.239
with all due respect, I know
that well the creators of artificial intelligence software,

560
00:59:36.800 --> 00:59:40.199
because they are very proud of this
new brand. However, from my

561
00:59:40.280 --> 00:59:47.280
particular point of view, a work
of artificial intelligence cannot emulate, that is

562
00:59:47.559 --> 00:59:55.239
to say, the imprint of the
author, i e it is not this

563
00:59:55.440 --> 01:00:01.599
new photograph would not imply that they
are almost resurrecting Rembrandt and that it could

564
01:00:01.679 --> 01:00:05.800
be considered as a work created by
Reembra. I mean, maybe we could

565
01:00:05.880 --> 01:00:10.960
consider it a derivative work. We
could or has its originality, if I

566
01:00:12.000 --> 01:00:20.639
may, but it is not created
so simple. It may be this way,

567
01:00:21.159 --> 01:00:25.119
very close, but in no way
dishonors next. Please, well,

568
01:00:27.920 --> 01:00:32.599
here' s the portrait of Edmond
Bellami. This is also a work that

569
01:00:32.639 --> 01:00:40.159
was created through artificial intelligence. Twelve
different paintings were created, also through the

570
01:00:40.159 --> 01:00:46.639
handling of pixels, to achieve this
final painting. And then, in the

571
01:00:46.679 --> 01:00:52.599
year two thousand and eighteen, the
auction house Christie put it up for sale,

572
01:00:53.320 --> 01:01:00.480
and it was sold to a person
who bought it for four hundred and

573
01:01:00.519 --> 01:01:06.119
thirty- two thousand and five hundred
dollars. He' s a person of

574
01:01:06.119 --> 01:01:09.119
French origin. And so, this
is a work inspired by the 18th century

575
01:01:09.239 --> 01:01:16.039
aesthetics. Aha then, for it
is a work created by artificial intelligence,

576
01:01:16.400 --> 01:01:23.639
but by no means demolishes it,
for it is something similar, but it

577
01:01:23.719 --> 01:01:29.920
is not an original work. They
put it like the next wedge. Please,

578
01:01:30.280 --> 01:01:37.000
and well, here' s the
IBM. Watson and his sculpture inspired

579
01:01:37.079 --> 01:01:44.480
by Gaudi. If I don'
t know if you can see here it

580
01:01:44.480 --> 01:01:52.400
' s with this part that'
s up here on the roof, which

581
01:01:52.480 --> 01:01:53.320
looks like it' s made up
of a series of crystals. This is

582
01:01:53.360 --> 01:01:59.920
the apparatus to which we are referring, which is the sculpture inspired by gaudí.

583
01:02:00.199 --> 01:02:05.440
This was created in the year two
thousand seventeen by Mobile World Congress.

584
01:02:06.119 --> 01:02:10.400
This work of art was born of
IBM' s artificial intelligence. Known as

585
01:02:10.519 --> 01:02:17.679
Watson and obviously, it has multiple
uses, such as medical, industrial,

586
01:02:19.400 --> 01:02:27.639
economic or data science. And so, it is called the first thinking sculpture

587
01:02:28.599 --> 01:02:37.159
and it is inspired, because in
the works of Gaudí next, we have

588
01:02:37.280 --> 01:02:44.760
artificial intelligence in literature, poetry and
journalism. Here, then, I put

589
01:02:45.119 --> 01:02:52.519
this one on the killbot. That
kill bot is an artificial intelligence software that

590
01:02:52.639 --> 01:03:01.880
is dedicated to writing very nice poems. We have the CHARTPT is also an

591
01:03:01.880 --> 01:03:10.480
artificial intelligence software that will be responsible
for developing literary works or interactions such as

592
01:03:10.599 --> 01:03:20.400
conversations. So it is something very
interesting, although the use of this software

593
01:03:20.519 --> 01:03:25.760
is restricted for some countries and additionally
we have this program called WAS, which

594
01:03:25.800 --> 01:03:30.840
is the name of another robot poet
that was created in Madrid, that is,

595
01:03:31.639 --> 01:03:37.519
by the Doctor of Computers of the
Complutense University of Madrid, Pablo Gervas,

596
01:03:38.440 --> 01:03:44.400
and this researcher, therefore, has
been developing this software for seventeen years.

597
01:03:45.000 --> 01:03:47.679
And so here it is about understanding
the structure of poetry and studying the

598
01:03:47.719 --> 01:03:53.880
creative process, because of the Spanish
gold cycle. So, well, interesting

599
01:03:53.880 --> 01:04:01.599
at the level of literary research,
very interesting next, please, well,

600
01:04:06.119 --> 01:04:14.079
here we have, for example,
artificial intelligence in journalism. And so,

601
01:04:14.159 --> 01:04:19.079
well, here comes an interesting topic
applicable to us, which is the subject

602
01:04:19.360 --> 01:04:29.480
of software or artificial intelligence called verified. This was done in Mexico with the

603
01:04:29.599 --> 01:04:34.760
incorporation of ping point and is a
data search tool to determine how many lies

604
01:04:34.800 --> 01:04:44.480
the President says in his mornings and
how many lies he said during the pandemic

605
01:04:44.679 --> 01:04:50.280
And some more recent cases of artificial
intelligence tools used by Spanish- speaking media

606
01:04:50.320 --> 01:04:56.280
for the exercise of journalism, because
we have a public eye in Peru,

607
01:04:56.760 --> 01:05:03.199
which is to detect cases of corruption
through the tip lerning. We have,

608
01:05:03.320 --> 01:05:06.800
for example, Narrativa, which is
a Spanish company that created a robot called

609
01:05:06.880 --> 01:05:15.559
Gabriel to generate news in seconds and
these are distributed through RTV twenty minutes or

610
01:05:15.880 --> 01:05:20.079
the newspaper. And in the case
of Mexico, because the Universal created an

611
01:05:20.360 --> 01:05:29.119
artificial intelligence edication of the natural language
of Google Cloubá and the country in Spain,

612
01:05:29.159 --> 01:05:33.519
that uses respective for the moderation of
comments on the web and, obviously

613
01:05:33.599 --> 01:05:40.000
there avoid the bots that are throwing
this bad wave, because with this it

614
01:05:40.199 --> 01:05:45.960
eliminates them, it takes away everything
that you. Be there generating more reputation

615
01:05:46.000 --> 01:05:58.880
in the next network. Well,
let' s go to the artificial system

616
01:05:59.039 --> 01:06:02.320
called dabus Das. I mentioned them
to you from the beginning of the presentation,

617
01:06:03.679 --> 01:06:10.320
which was protected by patent. This
is a program called Device of the

618
01:06:10.400 --> 01:06:16.639
autonomus boot Strapping, which is an
autonomous boot device of a unified consciousness and

619
01:06:16.719 --> 01:06:32.760
its request was filed. There was
a Treaty of Cooperation on Patent Cooperation pct

620
01:06:32.760 --> 01:06:39.440
or as a country to obtain the
patent, Australia. And so, this

621
01:06:39.599 --> 01:06:45.079
is a case that has generated a
great controversy at the international level because he

622
01:06:45.119 --> 01:06:53.000
invented Dr Stephen Taller indicated that the
inventor was the Dabus system, that he

623
01:06:53.039 --> 01:06:59.360
had not had intervention in the creation
of this invention. Then, at the

624
01:06:59.400 --> 01:07:10.480
time of claiming the invention, he
states that da Bus is the result of

625
01:07:10.559 --> 01:07:15.320
several products and methods intended to design
a container improving a fractal geometry that,

626
01:07:16.320 --> 01:07:21.119
according to the applicant, was a
container of refined food. In short,

627
01:07:21.719 --> 01:07:31.079
Dabus is a food container. So, when this application arrives in Australia and

628
01:07:31.239 --> 01:07:42.519
enters the national phase, in the
first instance, the registrar says you are

629
01:07:42.639 --> 01:07:51.960
not granted protection as long as the
patent applicant cannot, that is, the

630
01:07:53.159 --> 01:07:59.039
patent rights cannot fall on a person
in an entity other than a natural person,

631
01:07:59.320 --> 01:08:04.199
then you go back and it is
already based on the articles of Australian

632
01:08:04.639 --> 01:08:15.079
law and on the doctor such is
going to appeal and to the second instance,

633
01:08:15.480 --> 01:08:24.840
the authority resolves the following. Next, please, and say ok you

634
01:08:27.279 --> 01:08:32.399
know what if we' re going
to grant you the patent whenever the inventor

635
01:08:32.720 --> 01:08:40.239
' s term should not be interpreted
in a restrictive way. And, therefore,

636
01:08:40.479 --> 01:08:44.640
in Australia it is said, taking
into account the above, that there

637
01:08:44.680 --> 01:08:50.239
is no reason to exclude artificial intelligence
from the concept of inventor, because this

638
01:08:50.239 --> 01:08:57.800
would mean depriving of patentability inventions which, in other circumstances, could be patented

639
01:08:57.880 --> 01:09:01.399
on the basis of an exclusion not
derived from the express letter of the law.

640
01:09:03.840 --> 01:09:11.159
Moreover, they would represent the antithesis
of promoting innovation and here we get

641
01:09:11.239 --> 01:09:15.000
to the point that I was explaining
to them earlier. We must create a

642
01:09:15.039 --> 01:09:23.760
suigeneris right because this ruling that this
judge takes, why he takes it,

643
01:09:23.840 --> 01:09:30.520
because it says Australian law does not
define it, that is, that it

644
01:09:30.560 --> 01:09:35.560
is an inventor and, by not
saying within its definition, that it is

645
01:09:35.680 --> 01:09:42.920
a natural person as such. Then
the legislation can accept other alternative means of

646
01:09:42.960 --> 01:09:48.920
protection for creations derived from artificial intelligence. And here, well, a whole

647
01:09:49.039 --> 01:09:55.279
revolution is being made at the international
level. That is why, because it

648
01:09:55.359 --> 01:10:00.119
breaks the paradigms of what American judges
say, of what they say in the

649
01:10:00.119 --> 01:10:05.279
European Union. And, well,
what a barbarity, ma' am,

650
01:10:06.840 --> 01:10:14.239
what do we do where we'
re going then, if we go to

651
01:10:14.319 --> 01:10:18.199
the next slide, please, and
well, here' s the fractal procedure

652
01:10:18.279 --> 01:10:26.520
for the food container and they were
doubting what we were talking about, because

653
01:10:26.520 --> 01:10:32.119
this is the invention that was protected. Well, the diagram below. Well,

654
01:10:32.279 --> 01:10:39.439
then let' s quickly do a
comparative analysis of artificial intelligence legislation and

655
01:10:39.479 --> 01:10:47.399
let' s start with the Berne
Copyright Convention. And this Treaty says that

656
01:10:49.000 --> 01:10:55.840
only works created by a natural person
will be protected by the European Union in

657
01:10:56.600 --> 01:11:02.279
its various directives, that ownership of
copyright or patent rights will only fall on

658
01:11:02.319 --> 01:11:15.399
natural persons. And so now what
a penalty and it sets aside the illeri

659
01:11:15.680 --> 01:11:23.359
rights for the protection of databases,
that we might consider a moral person to

660
01:11:23.479 --> 01:11:28.000
be a right holder, but,
because it is a right. That'

661
01:11:28.000 --> 01:11:31.479
s why it' s called the
right sui generil for database protection. But

662
01:11:31.479 --> 01:11:42.720
I know it' s next.
Please, if people slide, good in

663
01:11:42.800 --> 01:11:49.359
the UK, notice the previous one. Please, in the UK. The

664
01:11:49.479 --> 01:11:54.319
law of the copy Wright of nineteen
hundred and eighty- eight, in its

665
01:11:54.880 --> 01:12:00.840
article nine speaks specifically of the works
created by computer and in this part considers

666
01:12:00.880 --> 01:12:06.680
as author the works of the works
those that have been made with necessary arrangements.

667
01:12:09.159 --> 01:12:12.920
As a complement to this article,
in the number one hundred and seventy

668
01:12:13.359 --> 01:12:17.079
- eight of the same law,
it is considered that they will have been

669
01:12:17.159 --> 01:12:23.039
created by a blacksmith in those cases
where there is no human author, then

670
01:12:23.119 --> 01:12:31.319
here again we already have two laws, Australian legislation that says that if not

671
01:12:31.439 --> 01:12:36.840
only a natural person can be considered
author or inventor, but we can also

672
01:12:36.880 --> 01:12:42.279
give way to the machines being creators
or inventors. And here, in the

673
01:12:42.319 --> 01:12:45.680
case of the United Kingdom, if
there is no known inventor or creator,

674
01:12:45.960 --> 01:12:51.760
then a machine can be considered to
be the creator of a work or an

675
01:12:51.800 --> 01:12:58.359
invention. And in Spain we have
the royal decree approving the text of the

676
01:12:58.479 --> 01:13:03.119
Law on Intellectual Property and following the
guidelines of European directives. But article five

677
01:13:03.119 --> 01:13:10.319
states that an author is a natural
person who creates some literary, artistic or

678
01:13:10.439 --> 01:13:15.159
scientific work. However, legal persons
may benefit from the protection afforded by law

679
01:13:15.680 --> 01:13:25.000
to the author in the cases expressly
provided for. In them we then return

680
01:13:25.000 --> 01:13:29.840
to European standards. What are these
cases, since sui generis protection for databases.

681
01:13:31.079 --> 01:13:36.800
And this next one, please,
and here we see that France,

682
01:13:38.479 --> 01:13:45.359
Portugal Germany, because they consider that
only natural or natural persons can be considered

683
01:13:45.479 --> 01:13:51.800
as authors and give no choice to
any other mechanism of protection, that is,

684
01:13:53.279 --> 01:13:58.600
to any other entity that is not
a natural person so that it is

685
01:13:58.680 --> 01:14:04.000
susceptible to protection of car rights.
And next, please and well, what

686
01:14:04.039 --> 01:14:13.239
are the conclusions? Only according to
how international law is found in general terms,

687
01:14:13.840 --> 01:14:17.079
Only men can be subject to intellectual
property rights, then artificial intelligence,

688
01:14:19.600 --> 01:14:27.600
because it has no personality, intentionality
or conscience. Therefore, it does not

689
01:14:27.720 --> 01:14:35.560
enjoy a personal stamp representing the author. Artificial intelligence is an appropriate good product

690
01:14:35.680 --> 01:14:44.000
of the intellectual work of one or
more natural persons. But obviously, if

691
01:14:44.119 --> 01:14:47.520
you create something through artificial intelligence,
or I start from the principle that ownership

692
01:14:47.760 --> 01:14:54.720
should be given to the programmer or
programmers of that software, but not properly

693
01:14:54.840 --> 01:15:06.399
to the common program entity without legal
personality. Next, please, and well,

694
01:15:08.319 --> 01:15:13.239
many authors in the doctrine consider feasible
the creation of a new law suigeneris

695
01:15:13.359 --> 01:15:18.359
that is proper to artificial intelligence,
and this would attempt to reward and protect

696
01:15:18.399 --> 01:15:24.399
people who create databases or any other
program of artificial intelligence through machine learning or

697
01:15:24.600 --> 01:15:29.399
deep learning and the different types of
algorithms to create literary, artistic, scientific

698
01:15:29.800 --> 01:15:44.640
or inventions from a technological point of
view. And next, please, and

699
01:15:44.960 --> 01:15:48.359
well, this would be the conclusions. Well, here' s the bibliography.

700
01:15:48.760 --> 01:15:56.279
If anyone has an interest in the
articles and resolutions of the cases I

701
01:15:56.319 --> 01:16:03.199
mentioned here, then they are here. And then next, thank you very

702
01:16:03.239 --> 01:16:09.239
much for your attention. But you' ve cleared up the doubts or expanded

703
01:16:09.239 --> 01:16:14.439
them. But, well, if
there are any questions, I' m

704
01:16:14.439 --> 01:16:15.880
all ears, thank you very much. It teaches the very interesting truth.

705
01:16:15.159 --> 01:16:17.880
And if there are any questions here
in which you say, for example,

706
01:16:19.439 --> 01:16:23.920
what is the opinion of Hollywood actors
who put themselves on, they put the

707
01:16:24.000 --> 01:16:29.039
light on the artificial intelligence that you' re on strike right now. It

708
01:16:29.079 --> 01:16:33.079
is something that has been discussed,
because, obviously, I agree with them,

709
01:16:33.159 --> 01:16:41.319
because it is the use of artificial
intelligence that takes away sources of work.

710
01:16:41.600 --> 01:16:47.640
And obviously, because performing performers,
because they don' t live on

711
01:16:48.560 --> 01:16:54.079
atoms, that is, they have
to eat, and I think that they

712
01:16:54.279 --> 01:17:00.199
have to respect, that they can
use, that they remain creative subjects and,

713
01:17:00.399 --> 01:17:05.239
of course, that they can enjoy
these exclusive rights, that they are

714
01:17:05.239 --> 01:17:11.399
granted the laws for the collection of
royalties, because, finally, they live

715
01:17:11.399 --> 01:17:15.920
from that and many of them do
not have access, for example, to

716
01:17:15.960 --> 01:17:19.680
health systems or retirement systems. Then
the only mechanism to survive is through the

717
01:17:19.760 --> 01:17:25.720
payment of your royalties. Therefore,
I am in favour of protecting the industry

718
01:17:25.840 --> 01:17:30.279
and, of course, the creators, incentivising or all the means the work

719
01:17:30.359 --> 01:17:35.840
of the people who activate, because
there is really a lot of talent.

720
01:17:40.199 --> 01:17:45.159
Thank you very much, teacher and
well, there are many congratulations for the

721
01:17:45.159 --> 01:17:47.560
excellent presentation. And well he wants
to laugh at the microphone to see if

722
01:17:48.079 --> 01:17:55.399
any of the panelists want to make
a comment. Master Castro, see end

723
01:17:55.600 --> 01:18:00.399
I advance to Dr Maximo cal Has. I hope it doesn' t bother

724
01:18:00.960 --> 01:18:04.039
you, but to congratulate the doctor
on the presentation. The topic is most

725
01:18:04.159 --> 01:18:10.640
relevant and current, because since last
year the GPT chat was released and from

726
01:18:10.720 --> 01:18:20.199
there in the number of artificial intelligence
applications. But when I talk about n

727
01:18:20.960 --> 01:18:29.359
it' s an impressive explosion of
what can be done. He first came

728
01:18:29.520 --> 01:18:34.359
up to watch the GPTA chat.
All the others we must use as tools

729
01:18:34.880 --> 01:18:40.039
to do our job, to make
it easier. But at the end of

730
01:18:40.079 --> 01:18:44.800
the day, the progress has been
so much. I' ll give you

731
01:18:44.800 --> 01:18:47.279
an example. He became a fan
of the generation of music supported by artificial

732
01:18:47.319 --> 01:18:53.880
intelligence and someone came up with a
prompt where he told you abert generate a

733
01:18:54.000 --> 01:19:00.960
Beatles song, Beatles styles and generated
it. Hey, get yourself a video

734
01:19:00.199 --> 01:19:05.279
or an Estanley Kubrick- type movie
and generated a movie is on Kubrick'

735
01:19:05.279 --> 01:19:11.079
s. That is to say,
this is where we enter the field of

736
01:19:11.079 --> 01:19:18.399
intellectual property. I' m going
to try to figure out the idea the

737
01:19:18.520 --> 01:19:25.840
smart official chat GPT and everyone else
uses database. These databases belong to the

738
01:19:25.920 --> 01:19:30.960
number of people who have been the
creators of these contents. Then, when

739
01:19:31.000 --> 01:19:38.720
artificial intelligence uses those contents, it
cannot be recognized as intellectual authorship, regardless

740
01:19:38.720 --> 01:19:45.840
of what it does. Hence the
difficulty of being able to generate a copyright

741
01:19:45.840 --> 01:19:53.279
record for a literary work or a
patent for a generation of programs. I

742
01:19:53.359 --> 01:20:00.840
can generate computer programs without knowing programming
and by the way, I programming,

743
01:20:00.840 --> 01:20:05.159
but I can give you a prop
to generate a program for artificial intelligence and

744
01:20:05.159 --> 01:20:12.319
it will generate it for me.
Another problem we have is another one of

745
01:20:12.520 --> 01:20:18.000
the tools that are used in artificial
intelligence is to generate the use of images

746
01:20:18.119 --> 01:20:26.479
of well- known people and as
if I were me i e I am

747
01:20:26.840 --> 01:20:30.920
generating the exhibition right now and my
face would appear that they like, the

748
01:20:31.159 --> 01:20:38.960
Stephen Hawkings or whatever they want of
that can be done and I repeat here

749
01:20:39.000 --> 01:20:43.880
the problem. That' s why
it causes me a lot, the problem

750
01:20:43.920 --> 01:20:50.159
when we' re talking about generating
novel things normally, normally, if we

751
01:20:50.199 --> 01:20:58.399
see that they' re using databases, we couldn' t come to the

752
01:20:58.439 --> 01:21:03.720
conclusion that it' s something new, that it' s something original that,

753
01:21:03.800 --> 01:21:08.000
regardless of any circumstance, is one
of the requirements. I have the

754
01:21:08.119 --> 01:21:11.880
impression that this is the challenge we
are facing in terms of copyright, in

755
01:21:11.880 --> 01:21:16.520
terms of intellectual property rights, so
that Australia and England say yes this was

756
01:21:16.640 --> 01:21:28.399
generated by computer, but the one
that generated the program. For me it

757
01:21:28.479 --> 01:21:34.399
would be the one that should ultimately
be attributed to interco property Above all,

758
01:21:34.520 --> 01:21:40.279
let' s start from the basis
that copyright is not a pelo copyright,

759
01:21:40.359 --> 01:21:46.720
but a wealth of rights. The
patrimonial right here is what is relevant,

760
01:21:47.680 --> 01:21:53.800
that of being able to exploit the
patent. If I want to take it

761
01:21:53.840 --> 01:21:58.640
to a copyright, we are talking
about a property right that lasts in Mexico

762
01:21:58.680 --> 01:22:03.239
a hundred years and if I go
to intellectual property, then the property right

763
01:22:03.319 --> 01:22:10.600
that I have is twenty years.
That kind of thing, I repeat,

764
01:22:11.000 --> 01:22:15.039
if I grant you, we imagine
a patrimonial right for a computer. She

765
01:22:15.079 --> 01:22:17.800
was the one who generated the program, because she did generate it that,

766
01:22:18.239 --> 01:22:24.840
as I am saying, what she
can do and what it does to generate

767
01:22:24.880 --> 01:22:30.640
the computer or a patrimonial right if
it is not an entity that can make

768
01:22:30.720 --> 01:22:34.159
use of that right, that privilege. It' s quite a subject,

769
01:22:34.319 --> 01:22:39.960
as you pointed out from the disptation. It' s very funny because I,

770
01:22:40.560 --> 01:22:44.800
for the purpose of keeping the subject
of artificial intelligence more or less in

771
01:22:45.479 --> 01:22:53.119
quotation marks updated, subscribed to a
news blog that is news GEPT or chat

772
01:22:53.520 --> 01:22:57.399
GEPT generates news. If you have
a news blog, then I signed up

773
01:22:57.439 --> 01:23:01.359
as if I were the newr Time, a thing like that and you send

774
01:23:01.720 --> 01:23:08.960
me my news and he and send
them two formats written and video, and

775
01:23:09.000 --> 01:23:14.159
the video you send is generated by
artificial intelligences. It' s a very

776
01:23:15.159 --> 01:23:18.920
interesting thing, but it seems to
me that we' re at a time

777
01:23:19.680 --> 01:23:23.319
when things are changing and we should
be fine. I believe that the most

778
01:23:23.399 --> 01:23:27.920
important contribution, if I may,
Doctor de Martínez, is that point.

779
01:23:28.079 --> 01:23:30.279
We have to be open that things
are no longer what they were, they

780
01:23:31.479 --> 01:23:35.640
are what they are and they are
going to do differently and we are seeing

781
01:23:35.640 --> 01:23:41.319
how it is opening its way.
I congratulate you, I repeat for the

782
01:23:41.319 --> 01:23:45.760
exhibition, because if you leave us
much to think about, much to mature,

783
01:23:45.800 --> 01:23:54.119
and I repeat when you undertake the
study of the authorial matter, for

784
01:23:54.680 --> 01:23:59.359
example, and that we say today
the chat that you put in a pro

785
01:23:59.439 --> 01:24:03.000
the soon is an instruction where I
tell you hear generate me a report on

786
01:24:03.000 --> 01:24:06.560
this nel shorring. Give me a
report of my shorring to this day which

787
01:24:06.800 --> 01:24:14.159
measure has been adopted and generated and
I am not the author of the information

788
01:24:14.199 --> 01:24:19.239
and the CHAP GPT, at least
the version that I use does not give

789
01:24:20.039 --> 01:24:28.279
you the information with different sources is
that in Windows you use bing which is

790
01:24:28.840 --> 01:24:32.800
another artificial intelligence that uses chap GPT, but they do send you the sources

791
01:24:32.880 --> 01:24:41.279
of information that served to assemble that
report. Then there' s something to

792
01:24:41.279 --> 01:24:45.439
see. These situations are most relevant
and I' m staying right now.

793
01:24:45.840 --> 01:24:50.039
To conclude, artificial intelligence is a
tool that we have to learn to use

794
01:24:50.920 --> 01:24:54.920
or we are left out. It
doesn' t matter how old you are.

795
01:24:55.239 --> 01:24:58.000
Now it doesn' t matter how
old you are. Just the one

796
01:24:58.039 --> 01:25:03.000
who doesn' t use the intelligence
and those tools is going to be out

797
01:25:03.000 --> 01:25:09.439
of date. Thank you very much
for reciting my congratulations. Yes, I

798
01:25:09.479 --> 01:25:15.720
agree with you on the subject.
There are several problems that may not touch

799
01:25:15.960 --> 01:25:23.399
because we would expand a lot.
But you also touched on a very important

800
01:25:23.399 --> 01:25:30.840
point, which is all these artificial
intelligences are in turn made up of databases.

801
01:25:31.079 --> 01:25:38.600
These databases may be owned by different
owners, then, or created by

802
01:25:38.680 --> 01:25:43.840
different individuals. And you know that
the cost of generating databases is very high.

803
01:25:45.359 --> 01:25:50.239
So, yeah, I don'
t, that is, I'

804
01:25:50.239 --> 01:25:55.560
m taking out a different play.
It is also a way of circumventing the

805
01:25:55.680 --> 01:26:01.560
payment of beralia rights or the exploitation
of information contained in different databases. And

806
01:26:01.640 --> 01:26:06.920
that' s a subject that looks
so nebulous. But it' s a

807
01:26:08.000 --> 01:26:15.279
point and you touched something very interesting
because we' ve done the experiment with

808
01:26:15.279 --> 01:26:24.399
students where we tell them you'
re going to get a job out of

809
01:26:24.479 --> 01:26:28.159
the different artificial intelligence platforms and we' re telling them just like you said

810
01:26:28.239 --> 01:26:38.439
the New Shok in what we come
up with right now on current issues and

811
01:26:38.439 --> 01:26:39.399
apparently takes out an original job in
between combs. But if we put it

812
01:26:39.479 --> 01:26:47.680
in a software that reads you the
plagiarism issues, if it detects you that

813
01:26:47.760 --> 01:26:51.560
it turned the information on you and
got you something new, but yes,

814
01:26:51.760 --> 01:26:56.760
it detects that it is drawn from
different jobs. And if they tell you

815
01:26:56.880 --> 01:27:01.560
so many paragraphs are of such things, so many paragraphs of something else,

816
01:27:01.560 --> 01:27:05.840
then so. That' s why, once you' ve seen this,

817
01:27:05.960 --> 01:27:10.680
you don' t want to be
smart to watch the students tell you.

818
01:27:10.800 --> 01:27:15.760
They use artificial intelligence to develop a
work a thesis what you come up with

819
01:27:15.399 --> 01:27:19.600
because, because you run the trait
that if I put it into a software

820
01:27:19.680 --> 01:27:25.439
that detects plagiarism, it will tell
us that that work is plagiarized and it

821
01:27:25.520 --> 01:27:31.920
is more rather uneasy in what percentage
it brings information that I do not modify

822
01:27:31.960 --> 01:27:35.520
and apparently they are selling us that
it is an original work, then it

823
01:27:35.520 --> 01:27:42.760
has many edges. I really place
my reservations and agree with you too.

824
01:27:42.840 --> 01:27:45.720
In other words, yes, we
must be open to a new form of

825
01:27:45.720 --> 01:27:50.439
regulation. Yes, because I can' t say either, or we can

826
01:27:51.039 --> 01:27:55.880
say that everything that is given the
Internet is a plagiarism, because it would

827
01:27:55.880 --> 01:28:01.920
also be lacking the truth. But
they are. There are times when I

828
01:28:01.960 --> 01:28:08.640
think that I don' t have
a faculty of analysis like the one that

829
01:28:08.760 --> 01:28:13.800
the human has no matter how much
they tell me, because I would remain

830
01:28:13.920 --> 01:28:18.840
in granting him only patrimonial rights,
as a right to his gender and with

831
01:28:19.000 --> 01:28:21.119
my reservations, but never a moral
right. That yes never could not be

832
01:28:21.159 --> 01:28:26.079
considered an author in any way,
because, as you are saying, they

833
01:28:26.720 --> 01:28:31.439
juxtaposition information of everything they find through
algorithms, but it does not mean in

834
01:28:31.439 --> 01:28:39.359
many cases that they are doing something
new. I mean, that' s

835
01:28:39.439 --> 01:28:43.880
my particular point of view, but
we' d have to look into it

836
01:28:43.880 --> 01:28:50.239
in more detail. Thank you very
much, Master, and well be the

837
01:28:50.279 --> 01:28:56.840
maximum doctor carbajal wants to make some
comment. Thank you, Daniela. Okay.

838
01:28:56.880 --> 01:28:59.720
First of all, tell my friend
Hector that I never saw myself or

839
01:28:59.800 --> 01:29:04.319
him. It would be because it
was speaking first and besides, it did

840
01:29:04.399 --> 01:29:10.920
extraordinarily well and with a knowledge that
I don' t have about artificial intelligence.

841
01:29:11.479 --> 01:29:19.760
And secondly, thank Master Martinez very
much. Cuéllar left me preoccupied with

842
01:29:21.199 --> 01:29:31.800
everything he' s taught us about
artificial intelligence. I agree a lot,

843
01:29:32.079 --> 01:29:39.880
not knowing any of this. I' m not millennial, I' m

844
01:29:39.880 --> 01:29:45.439
very dissociated from this one. That' s why I was mouthed open with

845
01:29:45.439 --> 01:29:49.239
all your explanation. I learned a
little bit. I' m going to

846
01:29:49.239 --> 01:29:53.239
go deeper, of course, to
try to learn a little bit more.

847
01:29:53.279 --> 01:30:00.119
But I agree with you that the
intellect of the human being, his soul,

848
01:30:00.600 --> 01:30:11.680
his spirit, his being in,
no artificial intelligence can replace it in.

849
01:30:11.680 --> 01:30:15.840
In that yes, I can tell
you and in all that you have

850
01:30:15.920 --> 01:30:20.159
taught us, that it has been
wonderful to hear it. Thank you very

851
01:30:20.239 --> 01:30:28.760
much, Master Martinez Cuelle, thank
you very kind Doctor. Thank you very

852
01:30:28.800 --> 01:30:31.359
much, Master. And the truth
is, there are a lot of questions

853
01:30:31.359 --> 01:30:34.239
and a lot of comments, but, well, by the time we do,

854
01:30:34.560 --> 01:30:36.840
it doesn' t give us time
to do it anymore, that is

855
01:30:38.239 --> 01:30:41.119
to say, ask them right now, but we' re going to get

856
01:30:41.199 --> 01:30:41.439
them to you and I really want
to thank you from the whole team of

857
01:30:41.439 --> 01:30:44.840
maga TVs in Mexico. We came
to a trick for this extraordinary lecture and

858
01:30:44.880 --> 01:30:48.840
give you this virtual recognition. Licensed
Lisefabiela Martínez Cuellar for bartering the one to

859
01:30:49.079 --> 01:30:54.760
live with the theme. Artificial intelligence
can be the holder of a doctor on

860
01:30:54.800 --> 01:30:58.279
the 27th of September, two thousand
twenty- three, signed by Dr Arte

861
01:30:58.279 --> 01:31:00.239
de la Torre and will be served. Thank you so much, Marta.

862
01:31:00.319 --> 01:31:04.600
The truth, as Rector Maximo Carvajal
says, leaves us concerned and also with

863
01:31:04.640 --> 01:31:10.760
Master Castro and thinking. And well, the truth is that very interesting and

864
01:31:10.880 --> 01:31:14.840
we will see what happens in the
future. We' re not going on

865
01:31:15.520 --> 01:31:21.119
with the question yet. Thank you
very much. Thank you very much,

866
01:31:21.159 --> 01:31:27.039
And because I am challenged your orders
when you require another talk, because you

867
01:31:27.359 --> 01:31:33.920
will be happy to support and collaborate
with you, for it is always a

868
01:31:33.920 --> 01:31:36.239
pleasure to work with you. We' ve reached the end of today'

869
01:31:36.239 --> 01:31:40.319
s trout. Thank you so much
for joining us. This was let'

870
01:31:40.399 --> 01:31:44.399
s make a barter viazon an event
te Tels Magas and Mexico. If you

871
01:31:44.479 --> 01:31:47.720
like this talk, don' t
forget to share each event with your contacts

872
01:31:48.000 --> 01:31:54.159
so that we continue to spread knowledge
and stay up to date. They find

873
01:31:54.239 --> 01:32:00.960
all our talks through our online education
platform, entering www. Hotels Magas in

874
01:32:00.039 --> 01:32:05.399
Mexico com Mx in the course section, where you can see them again without

875
01:32:05.880 --> 01:32:10.760
cos If you are interested in any
specific topic, send us a message through

876
01:32:10.800 --> 01:32:14.960
the social networks of teles magas in
Mexico and we will look for an expert

877
01:32:15.039 --> 01:32:16.159
who can clarify your doubts. This
was let' s do a creek.