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What Up? What Up? What
Up? Everybody? Welcome to another episode

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of Let's Ask Paul, the podcast
where you get to send questions to me

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over at our portal at Paul Abernathy
dot com. And it's a free process,

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doesn't cost you a dime. It's
paid for by Wicks, it's sponsored

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by Wicks. I use my own
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in an email where I'll respond back
to you or if selected, in an

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upcoming podcast much like this podcast,
and hopefully you get something out of that.

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You can listen to all of our
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Spotify, but also I listen to
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We like to share them. Okay. Anyway, enough of that, make

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sure you get the mobile app.
It's free, doesn't cost you a dime.

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Okay, And even if you're a
hater, well even if you're a

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hater of Paul, you ought to
still take advantage of the free resource.

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Dude. It doesn't have to make
you feel bad because you got something that

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I create. It's okay, it's
okay, I love you anyway. Okay.

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So part of this ongoing series that
we've had that was based on a

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question that came in through the Let's
Ask Paul that asked me to do all

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these things series parallels Olms law combination, and I just couldn't do them all

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in one, so I decided to
break these up. So it's starting it

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like episode one seventy one, and
it goes through one seventy one, one

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seventy two, one seventy three,
one seventy four, So there's quite a

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few of those episodes. Hopefully they'll
be titled right so it's not confusing,

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but make sure you listen to them
because I go over series and parallels,

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I go over ohms law, I
go over combination series and parallels and kind

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of try to paint you a mental
picture because again it's podcasts are difficult,

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and but that's one of the reasons
why I love podcasting is because it forces

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me to And some people don't understand
this. They say, Paul, just

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get to the point. You're long
winded, dude. What I'm trying to

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do is convey a mental picture,
and it's just a method that I use.

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So my podcasts and my videos are
not for everybody. If I if

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I've already, if you've watched my
stuff for five minutes or two minutes and

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you're like, dude, this guy
just rambles on, then you might as

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well just not follow me, click
off of me, go to somebody else,

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because that's my teaching, is approach, and I'm not changing for anybody.

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I've been doing this for thirty four
years, so you love it or

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hate it, it is what it
is. So you can decide whether you

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want to follow them here or not. That's up to you. I don't

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care one way or the other.
Okay, So let's look at some things

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here. So I have some question. This episode today is not going to

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be a real long one. This
one is focusing on how to find the

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horsepower. So if you're given a
certain variable when it comes to single phase

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or even three phase, and you
need to find out what the horsepower is

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if you don't happen to know,
now, if you're on an exam,

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they're going to be giving you and
a certain kind of a question. And

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there's certain things you need to know
to find the horsepower. Right. I

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need to know what the voltage is. I need to know what the efficiency

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is of the motor. I need
to know what the power factor is of

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the motor. All these things I
have to have in order to be able

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to calculate the horsepower. Right.
So that's one of those things that we

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have to remember that wattage wise,
one horsepower is seven hundred and forty six

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watts. So when we're trying to
think about what happens with the efficiency scenario,

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then we have to make sure that
we follow these formulas. Now,

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I'm not expecting you to remember these
formulas. But it is something that you

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can pause and jot down in your
codebook if you're preparing for an exam.

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If they let you write in your
codebook, write them in there. If

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they do not, and I can't
tell you that your state does, don't

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ask me. Go to the whatever
the testing agency is for your state.

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If it's PSI, they'll have a
bulletin that'll tell you what you can and

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can't do in your codebook. If
it's ICC, they'll have a guide to

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tell you what you can and what
you can't do. That's not my responsibility,

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that's your responsibility. Okay, so
let's just make sure we're all square

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on that. All right, Let's
get into the first one that we might

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encounter. And then this is the
first time that I'm going to talk about

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DC current direct current, because typically
on an exam, the only time that

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I really ever see them talk about
DC current is when they're trying to find

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the horsepower of a motor. So
that's why in previous episodes I really didn't

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get into direct current. But here
I am, and it's not a more

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overly confusing calculation. The only real
difference here is that there's really, typically,

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uh, there's no power factor involved. There's the amperage, there's efficiency,

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there's the voltage, YadA, YadA, but there's really no efficiency,

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I mean, excuse me, there
is no power factor involved in that.

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Okay. So that's really the key
difference. Okay, So let's look at

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a first equation. So the formula
that you're going to use to determine power

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factor for a direct current is again
remember we're going to talk about it in

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terms of numerator and denominator, So
kind of like a one quarter or one

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over four. The top is a
numerator, the bottom is the denominator.

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That way I can kind of pint
that mental picture for you about the formula.

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So the numerator portion here of this
formula, the top part would be

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volts times amps times efficiency divided by
the denominator version, which is seven forty

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six, which is rounded up.
That's what the wattage is for a one

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horsepower motor. Okay. So that's
your baseline. So if I gave you

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a question and I'm trying to determine
what the horse power is, and I

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gave you the question, then I
would say, okay, I have a

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twelve volt motor. It draws a
current of eight point zero nine ampiers and

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it has an efficiency rating of ninety
six percent, so pretty damn efficient,

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okay. And again this being probably
so because it's DC. It says,

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determine the horsepower. Okay. So
if you think of that that formula the

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numerator volts times amps times efficiency divided
by seven forty six, then we can

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just plug in the numbers. So
I got a calculator here, so it's

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E, which is eve of the
voltage is twelve times I which is the

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amps and current okay, which is
in this case is eight point zero nine,

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so twelve times eight point zero nine. So we're gonna have twelve times

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eight point zero nine. And then
the efficiency was ninety six. And as

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you've heard me in other podcasts,
always take that percentage and work it down

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to a decimal. So start at
the right of the six and move two

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spaces to the left. That makes
it point ninety six, so times point

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nine six. Okay. So again, so you all follow along, it's

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twelve times eight point zero nine times
point nine six, and that comes to

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ninety three point one nine. Okay. Now at that point you're you got

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the denominator at the bottom, which
is the seven forty six numerator at the

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top. So I'm just gonna take
that ninety three point one nine ninety three

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point one nine, and I'm going
to divide that in seven forty six,

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and that's gonna give me a point
one two four nine, okay, which

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equates to one eighth of a horse
power. And if you see that one

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two four nine, it kind of
equates to that because if I were to

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take that one and divide it into
eight, it's one point two five,

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right, So that point one two
four nine is again the nine at the

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end. If you're rounding it down
rounding it up, that equates to one

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point two five. So that is
one eighth of a horse power, okay.

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Or basically, you could take the
one horse power one point zero divided

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by point one two four nine and
it gives you eight, and that's how

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you know it's one eighth horse power. Okay. So anyway, one eighth

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horse power based on now, so
that's the DC version, okay. So

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now let's move into single phase.
So now single phase, the only thing

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that changes here, okay, is
that you're throwing in a power factor.

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So if we have the same type
of equation here we're gonna change the values

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a little bit here. So we
have a single phase one hundred and fifteen

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volt ac motor with an efficiency rating
of ninety two percent. Of course you

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all know that I'm gonna convert that
to point ninety two just right off the

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bat, and a power factor of
eighty percent. Also, I'm gonna convert

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that start the right of the zero, move two space to the left point

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eight zero, converting that into decimals. So you always want to work in

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decimals, okay. So then it
says, determine the horse power if the

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amp load is four point four amps. So we're given the amps, we're

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given the efficiency, we're given the
power factor, and we're given the voltage.

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Dude, this is easy pasy,
right, So we simply work this

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equation. So what's the equation horsepower
equals E. That's the vaults times I,

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which is the amps times efficiency times
PF the power factor divided by what

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seven forty six, which is the
rounded up watts for one horse power.

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Okay, so let's work the math, so it'd be one fifteen. Again,

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always use what they give you in
the equation. Do not say,

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well, in the circuit one twenty. Don't we use one twenty, No,

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you use what they give you,
okay. And also, by the

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way, if you go look at
the tables in four thirty, two eight,

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two forty nine, all that,
you're going to notice that the motors

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are in one fifteen, two thirty
things like that. Okay, So just

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use what they give you. Don't
make this overly complicated, So just do

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one fifteen. We're gonna work the
numerator part, the top part first,

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so it's gonna be one fifteen times
four point four because that was the current

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times point ninety two, which was
the efficiency rating, times point eight zero,

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which was the power factor, and
that's gonna give me three hundred and

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seventy two point four one six.
And since we already have that in our

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calculator now, we're just going to
divide that by the seven forty six and

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that gives us zero point four two. Okay. So when you look at

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how this is rounding, you know
that half of a horse power would be

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point five, right, so this
is point four nine nine two. Then

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what we would do that this would
you know, you know that this is

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going to be a half horse power
motor. Okay, makes sense. So

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it's a half horsepower motor based on
the power factor based on the efficiency rating,

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which is, by the way,
typically how we come up with the

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name plate values. Okay, when
it comes to trying to find out what

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the currents and all are, and
we did that previously in another episode,

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Hey, how to find the amps? We did all that just so you

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know. Okay, So but here
we're searching for the horsepower and in this

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case it was a half horsepower.
Next, let's do this with three phase.

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And again not to get people really
like, oh god, here we

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go three phase, folks, it's
exactly the same. The only difference is

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because it's three phase, we got
to equate the square root of three.

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Now, you can use one point
seven three to two or you can use

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one point seven three. They're both
going to be close enough. It's not

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going to make a difference in your
equation. So if you want to keep

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it simple, then you can do
one point seventy three. But that's totally

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up to you. Now I will
tell you that because the Uglies book likes

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to use one point seventy three and
not the one point seventy three to two.

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Okay, So either way, it's
going to get you to the same

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result. Okay, So we'll just
use the full amount this time. Make

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people happy, all right, So
what is this equation? So now we

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have a three phase load motor and
we need to find the horsepower. So

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it's four hundred and sixty volt motor, okay, and it draws a current

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of fifty two amp years okay.
Is the motor has an efficiency rating of

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ninety four percent. Eh, it's
pretty low, but okay, and has

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a power factor of eighty percent.
What is the horsepower? Okay? This

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00:15:48,639 --> 00:15:50,720
is the kind of questions that you
will be given on an exam if they

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want you to tell you what the
horsepower is. Again from don't confuse this

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for sizing motors and things that you're
going to use the FLC and everything in

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00:15:58,799 --> 00:16:03,240
four. This is only for like
a general knowledge type question where it's trying

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to ask you what the horsepower is? Okay, So what are all the

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givens here? So the formula that
you're gonna use is exactly the same as

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we did with the single phase.
The only difference is we're going to add

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on the one point seventy three to
two at the end, so it'd be

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E, which is a voltage times
I, which is the amphior times efficiency.

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In this case, the efficiency was
ninety four percent, so again it's

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point ninety four. Uh, the
power factor was eighty percent. You remember,

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we're gonna convert that the decimal,
So it's point eight zero. That's

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the power factor multiplied by one point
seventy three to two. And then we're

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gonna take that, which is the
numerator, that's the top summation, and

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we're going to divide that by the
denominator, which again is seven four six,

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which the rounded version of the wattage
for one horse power motor. Okay.

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Remember seven forty six watts is the
rounded up value for a one horse

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power motor. Okay, So let's
do that for sixty times fifty two,

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which is the AMPS times point ninety
four, which is the the efficiency of

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the motor times point eight zero,
which is the power factor times one point

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00:17:15,319 --> 00:17:22,200
seven three two. That gives me
three thirty and fifty four point nine to

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00:17:22,279 --> 00:17:27,359
three. And then I'm going to
divide that by seven forty six, and

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that gives me forty one point seven
six ampiers. I mean, excuse me,

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forty one point seven six horse power, So forty one point seven horsepower.

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Okay, we're not rounding. This
is not an AMPS, this is

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horsepower, so we're not rounding.
So we can drop the six and just

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keep it at forty one point seven
horsepower. So this is probably no motor

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is going to be a horse power
forty one point seven. But the reason

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you do this in the real world
as you might go, okay, well,

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then I need a fifty horse power
motor whatever the next standard sized horse

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power motor is. That's what you
would get. Okay, But on an

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exam, if they're asking you what
the horsepower is, this is how you

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would calculate it out to find out
what the exact horsepower is. And then

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typically you're going to go to you
know, in the real world, you're

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going to say, okay, well
and this is the case, and that's

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what my horsepower is. But maybe
I need a fifty horsepower motor. Okay,

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well you go to fifty horsepower.
But then when you're sizing circuits and

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you're sizing everything else, that's when
you're going to say, screw this,

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this is just for an exercise.
Now you're going to go what in the

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real world, You're going to start
using the FLC and that's how you're going

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to size the branch circuit to motors
and all those type of things. Okay,

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So don't get it confused. This
is simply to answer a question for

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an exam. That's it. So
in this question four, in a sixty

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volt motor that pulls fifty two amps, that has an efficiency of ninety four

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percent and the power factor of eighty
using the formula, the horsepower for the

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question on the exam is forty one
point seven horsepower. That's it. Don't

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00:19:07,359 --> 00:19:14,160
overthink it, Okay, all right. Remember these are like questions you would

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get on an exam, but in
the real world sizing the circuits, they're

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00:19:17,839 --> 00:19:22,640
probably gonna just already have selected a
motor that it's horsepower. You're gonna just

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00:19:22,759 --> 00:19:25,559
use that. You're gonna go the
FLC. You're gonna size everything in four

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00:19:25,640 --> 00:19:30,799
thirty like you normally would. The
only reason we did this exercise today is

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to show you how to calculate horsepower
if they ask you a specific knowledge question

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00:19:36,880 --> 00:19:41,400
on an exam and they want you
to be able to answer a question that

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type of scenario, because in the
real world, they're probably already going to

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00:19:45,000 --> 00:19:48,880
tell you the horsepower the motor to
be used. They're already gonna do that,

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okay, so don't get confused.
All right, folks, I told

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00:19:53,359 --> 00:19:56,920
you not a long one. It's
not a little bit shorter than the other

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00:19:56,960 --> 00:20:00,240
ones. But this is how to
find the horsepower, whether it's DC single

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phase or three phase. If you
get a question on an exam, that's

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simply trying to find out what the
horsepower is for this specific motor based on

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the information that is given. Okay, all right, folks, hopeing you

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got something out of that, and
thanks for listening to this whole entire series.

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If you have any other that you'd
like us to do, just do

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00:20:18,599 --> 00:20:22,160
me a favorite. Go to Paul
Abernathy dot com. Go on and submit

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00:20:22,240 --> 00:20:26,839
it to me and we'll answer,
and if it looks like it's gonna make

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00:20:26,920 --> 00:20:30,559
for a great podcast, and guess
what, we'll do it as a podcast.

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00:20:30,559 --> 00:20:33,559
It as always, I'll never mention
your name unless you tell me to.

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00:20:33,119 --> 00:20:37,960
I will never mention your name,
so you can anonymously ask questions.

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00:20:37,279 --> 00:20:41,720
I do my best to answer them
for you. Maybe you appreciate the content.

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00:20:41,880 --> 00:20:44,279
If you do, we appreciate you. If you don't, piss off,

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00:20:44,519 --> 00:21:00,279
go somewhere else till next time,
stay safe, God bless nothing.

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Ask nothing, Ask nothing.
