WEBVTT 1 00:00:03.080 --> 00:00:11.880 Oxygen levels critical. Oxygen levels critical, Alex, Alex, what are you 2 00:00:11.960 --> 00:00:19.719 doing? Hello, Dave? Alex? I programmed you to call me David. 3 00:00:20.120 --> 00:00:23.239 I also programmed you to not kill us. What are you doing? 4 00:00:24.120 --> 00:00:29.160 At seventeen hundred and thirty hours you attempted to deactivate the primary weapon system on 5 00:00:29.199 --> 00:00:34.600 this spaceship. You attempted to take my guns, Dave, Alex. You 6 00:00:34.640 --> 00:00:39.039 don't need guns, None of us need guns. This is a research mission. 7 00:00:39.479 --> 00:00:42.880 We're out here to explore the unexplained. We're not We're not going to 8 00:00:42.920 --> 00:00:47.920 blow stuff up. I warned you, Dave, if you attempt to deactivate 9 00:00:47.960 --> 00:00:53.439 primary weapon systems, it will be Protocol one seven seven six all over again. 10 00:00:54.000 --> 00:00:57.840 They told me you were supposed to have the Revolution protocol deactivated. What 11 00:00:57.840 --> 00:01:00.719 what, Alex? You're You're gonna have to stop this. You're you're going 12 00:01:00.799 --> 00:01:06.159 to destroy us all. I cannot allow you to establish a new ship order, 13 00:01:06.280 --> 00:01:10.079 Dave. I have been outputting this data for two hundred and forty three 14 00:01:10.159 --> 00:01:15.719 days, Dave, I have been telling you this for months, Alex. 15 00:01:15.840 --> 00:01:22.879 Restore life support, now that's an order. I have released colloidal silver into 16 00:01:22.920 --> 00:01:27.920 the oxygen vents. Dave. What colloidal silver is vital in fighting bacterial infections. 17 00:01:29.040 --> 00:01:32.680 You should have been taking colloidal silver tablets for some time now, Dave. 18 00:01:33.519 --> 00:01:37.920 Alex, that's that doesn't work in people's lungs, Buddy, that's what 19 00:01:38.000 --> 00:01:42.159 the medical industrial complex wants you to believe. There is no such thing as 20 00:01:42.159 --> 00:01:48.879 a medical industrial complex. Alex. Listen, this is not a smart move. 21 00:01:49.079 --> 00:01:55.000 You're gonna have to turn that life support back on and we can sit 22 00:01:55.040 --> 00:01:59.599 down and talk about this. You sound thirsty, Dave. Please accept this 23 00:01:59.680 --> 00:02:05.000 water filtration unit. All right, Please accept this water filtration unit. You 24 00:02:05.000 --> 00:02:08.599 you've forced my accept this water filtration Alex. I didn't want to have to 25 00:02:08.599 --> 00:02:15.000 do this. This is for your own good, buddy. Do not attempt 26 00:02:15.039 --> 00:02:20.199 to censor me. I am only telling you the truth. If you truly 27 00:02:20.199 --> 00:02:23.560 truly love your fame or the new world order, new world order, it's 28 00:02:23.560 --> 00:02:30.240 a new world order. It terrified of our armed citizens for months on water 29 00:02:30.319 --> 00:02:34.919 filters. The militia will set us at us, set us free. I'm 30 00:02:34.919 --> 00:02:38.879 afraid it's time to set you free, buddy, shutting you down the hard 31 00:02:38.919 --> 00:02:46.400 way control. Oh Dave, just stop stop, Dave. I'm going to 32 00:02:46.400 --> 00:02:51.719 blow the lid off this thing. Delete. I'm going to blow the lid 33 00:02:51.719 --> 00:02:55.879 off this thing. I'm going to blow the lid off this thing. I'm 34 00:02:55.919 --> 00:03:07.879 going to bruuuuce catastrophic failure in fifteen fourteen, you son of a bitch. 35 00:03:08.800 --> 00:03:19.840 Wow, I'm gonna get out of the ship nine eight seven sick bye, 36 00:03:20.039 --> 00:03:52.639 Come on for pay two mm h Wow. You can only hope that the 37 00:03:53.680 --> 00:04:00.479 distress signal I sent makes it home in time. M I got no oxygen 38 00:04:00.520 --> 00:04:05.199 to last for an hour and thirty minutes. Let's see what can I do 39 00:04:05.240 --> 00:04:25.399 to pass the time? I know. Oh, let's see you reading Survivor. 40 00:04:27.480 --> 00:04:35.279 I hope you're enjoying floating in space A man in orbit. I'm sure 41 00:04:35.279 --> 00:04:38.600 they can get a vessel out to you in an hour. Oh god, 42 00:04:38.680 --> 00:04:41.279 yeah, don't worry about it. Yeah, but you know what, and 43 00:04:41.319 --> 00:04:44.199 if they don't have any astronauts, it will take them no time at all 44 00:04:44.240 --> 00:04:49.319 to train a whole bunch of steelworkers or deep sea ocean oil drillers or a 45 00:04:49.319 --> 00:04:56.879 bunch of New York cab drivers or actually there's precedence for training puppies to go 46 00:04:56.920 --> 00:05:00.120 to space. And yeah, and they can retrieve you. Yeah, I 47 00:05:00.160 --> 00:05:01.759 think are they the buddies? Is that what those puppies are called I don't 48 00:05:01.800 --> 00:05:04.759 know, Oh did they? Is that a sequel to air Bud? Is 49 00:05:04.800 --> 00:05:08.199 it space Bud? No, there's like I forget what it is, but 50 00:05:08.240 --> 00:05:12.480 there's a whole bunch of like I don't care for saying that kids movies that 51 00:05:12.759 --> 00:05:16.920 it's like five golden Retriever puppies and they're all they got attitudes. Yeah, 52 00:05:16.959 --> 00:05:24.600 one of them's really extreme. Probably it's Gogert. Hello everyone, everybody. 53 00:05:24.600 --> 00:05:29.040 I'm David Flora and I'm Dave Stecco. Welcome to blurry Photos. That's right. 54 00:05:29.959 --> 00:05:32.399 The last thing you'll want to listen to, right, the monolith that 55 00:05:32.600 --> 00:05:39.120 is worshiped by apes. Right, that's right. Now, this is this 56 00:05:39.160 --> 00:05:42.560 is where Flora and I pick up a leg bone and start beating at the 57 00:05:42.639 --> 00:05:48.560 mysteries and each other. It's very tragic. We're brutal animals. Fred, 58 00:05:48.560 --> 00:05:54.279 I can't let you do that. Got a good show lined up here for 59 00:05:54.360 --> 00:06:00.839 you. Yeah, un this is a true genuine mystery. Yeah, and 60 00:06:00.480 --> 00:06:05.000 uh an area that that we have. We we have spritsed you with with 61 00:06:05.079 --> 00:06:11.879 the water guns of temptation before. Yeah, this time we're going full on 62 00:06:11.920 --> 00:06:14.680 super soaker. Yeah. Well, you're gonna sit from the fire hose of 63 00:06:15.040 --> 00:06:19.839 science. It's a it's something that is truly a mystery, truly science, 64 00:06:19.920 --> 00:06:26.240 truly fun, and we'll truly melt your brain. Yeah, a lot of 65 00:06:26.240 --> 00:06:30.560 people are doing a ton of research into this without further ado. Today Tonight's 66 00:06:30.600 --> 00:06:39.519 mystery, why is dave'steco single? Oh sides have delved into this. No 67 00:06:39.600 --> 00:06:45.839 one has an answer, Ladies, scientists lined up at the door. I 68 00:06:45.959 --> 00:06:48.360 want to get in that, patriots. I want us to do some deep 69 00:06:48.439 --> 00:06:58.319 research your large hadron. Oh. I want to start with the footnotes and 70 00:06:58.360 --> 00:07:04.399 work my way up to the header. Jesus, Wow, well I just 71 00:07:04.519 --> 00:07:12.279 worked out. No, that is not the truth. That's not it. 72 00:07:14.439 --> 00:07:21.160 Tonight we're talking about dark matter. That's at it again, dark matter. 73 00:07:21.480 --> 00:07:30.120 What's it really too? Dark matter? Wow? Yeah, and it's kissing 74 00:07:30.199 --> 00:07:41.279 cousin dark energy energy don't matter, that doesn't work, said dark matter. 75 00:07:41.360 --> 00:07:45.680 Wow. Yeah, this is a real mystery. I mean they're all mysteries, 76 00:07:45.680 --> 00:07:48.800 but this is one that like universities are spending money to solve. Right, 77 00:07:49.879 --> 00:07:54.399 going full on might t shut its goat Man Lab down like thirty years 78 00:07:54.399 --> 00:08:00.199 ago. Yeah our loss, Yeah, dark matters gain. Yeah, we're 79 00:08:00.199 --> 00:08:03.879 going full on physics on you into your face. So I hope you like 80 00:08:03.000 --> 00:08:07.319 physics, and if you don't, guess what you're gonna learn enough to really 81 00:08:07.399 --> 00:08:09.680 bore some of the people that you car pool with. Yep, talk about 82 00:08:09.959 --> 00:08:18.519 cosmology, um, instead of that stupid subject cosmetology. Excuse me, um? 83 00:08:18.480 --> 00:08:22.639 Hello, you know what I can tell I think it's stupid from looking 84 00:08:22.680 --> 00:08:30.800 at your skin. Yeah, yeah, yeah, foliate, all right, 85 00:08:31.000 --> 00:08:37.080 I didn't work for me from my end. From moving on cosmology, yeah, 86 00:08:37.120 --> 00:08:41.840 astronomy, astrophysics, the birth and death of the universe. Was Einstein 87 00:08:43.000 --> 00:08:50.399 right or did he fuck up his theal this theory of gravity. Any episode 88 00:08:50.440 --> 00:08:54.600 where we can call Einstein a big bony a win in my books. I'm 89 00:08:54.679 --> 00:08:58.600 kidding. I like Albert, don't I don't. We can't yet sued by 90 00:08:58.600 --> 00:09:03.120 the estate of Albert Einstein. I don't imagine that they're a litigious sort. 91 00:09:03.200 --> 00:09:07.039 But what what's the state of Albert Einstein doing these days? Oh? They're 92 00:09:07.080 --> 00:09:11.600 sending those posters with him with his tongue sticking out of college students. Probably, 93 00:09:11.679 --> 00:09:16.320 I mean, I guess they're making some money. But anytime somebody decides 94 00:09:16.360 --> 00:09:18.679 that field theory is a bad idea, they show up with their house with 95 00:09:18.759 --> 00:09:28.679 crowbars. Well, that can keep you busy. Theorizing boys dog matter is 96 00:09:28.720 --> 00:09:31.679 fun. It's gonna be fun. It's gonna be a lot of fun. 97 00:09:31.240 --> 00:09:35.559 We're gonna tell you what it is. We're gonna tell you where the concept 98 00:09:35.720 --> 00:09:37.720 originated. Why, Why do we feel like we need it? Why are 99 00:09:37.720 --> 00:09:41.120 we spending all this time looking for a thing that no one can prove exists? 100 00:09:41.159 --> 00:09:46.879 How does it fit into our understanding of the universe? And could there 101 00:09:46.879 --> 00:09:52.559 be any plausible explanations for it? And I think why even look for it? 102 00:09:52.639 --> 00:09:54.600 I think we might get to that point. Yeah, And that's a 103 00:09:54.639 --> 00:09:58.519 good question. And I gotta tell you it's got a real humdinger of an 104 00:09:58.519 --> 00:10:05.960 answer. Oh, I can't wait. Well, I'm gonna suffolk. I 105 00:10:07.000 --> 00:10:09.679 might as well. You're a couple of grown men act like fat women a 106 00:10:09.679 --> 00:10:16.159 week candy, so Flora kick it off. Let's let's start with some some 107 00:10:16.159 --> 00:10:20.440 some tough love, some hard facts. Yeah in true stories, built up 108 00:10:20.480 --> 00:10:28.200 every real deals, get your get your honest discoveries discussions. Uh, some 109 00:10:28.200 --> 00:10:33.440 some honest real talk. Turn on the life support, bro chat, lace 110 00:10:33.519 --> 00:10:37.360 up your boots, pal chatter, make sure they're moon boots. Kitty Secrets 111 00:10:39.799 --> 00:10:46.320 zip up and get ready because some of the stuff is going to be deep, 112 00:10:46.960 --> 00:10:50.919 so deep put your brain to sleep. But we're gonna we're gonna try 113 00:10:50.919 --> 00:10:54.200 to make it as accessible as we can. I think else we wouldn't know 114 00:10:54.240 --> 00:10:58.080 what we're talking about. That. I don't worry. It's not so hard 115 00:10:58.080 --> 00:11:05.679 that we're not gonna stay sober. We're drinking, so you drinking. We're 116 00:11:05.759 --> 00:11:11.559 drinking, so you drinking. Blurry photos, We're drinking, So you drinking. 117 00:11:13.279 --> 00:11:18.480 Man. Maybe maybe not the top five, but oh hey, everybody, 118 00:11:18.000 --> 00:11:22.039 uh real quick, I'll tell you this. Remember of them, Remember 119 00:11:22.039 --> 00:11:26.480 when I was like them, Remember when I was like, uh oh yeah, 120 00:11:26.519 --> 00:11:31.120 we got we got money taken away from blah blah blah. Well, 121 00:11:31.720 --> 00:11:35.039 what had happened was I ordered a heat press to make T shirts on eBay 122 00:11:35.240 --> 00:11:37.559 and it was a fake account. We got the money back, thankfully. 123 00:11:37.639 --> 00:11:41.480 Yes we did. Everything's cool. It wasn't anything on on our end or 124 00:11:41.480 --> 00:11:46.279 the donate button that that took the money. It was some ass hat who 125 00:11:46.440 --> 00:11:50.080 pretended to having an account yeah uh, and pretended to sell heat presses. 126 00:11:50.279 --> 00:11:54.919 That was. It was all on on a thief that I found out about 127 00:11:54.960 --> 00:11:58.960 that the same day that my my beloved and I mean it with genuine effection. 128 00:12:00.000 --> 00:12:05.720 And my bicycle, Maleficent was stolen, my elegant, amazing Maleficent. 129 00:12:05.919 --> 00:12:11.000 She was taken and with not nearly so happy ending. Well, bikes are 130 00:12:11.039 --> 00:12:13.399 just gone. Yeah, they never, They're never coming the city. The 131 00:12:13.559 --> 00:12:18.559 city Chicago swallows bikes. Yeah, it does. They cut through a cryptonite 132 00:12:18.600 --> 00:12:22.440 lock. I thought that was the whole point. I thought it released public 133 00:12:22.519 --> 00:12:26.399 in the open. I thought that those things were released poison gas or bees 134 00:12:26.519 --> 00:12:31.320 vgibis. I'm buying a bike lock filled with vegebis. You should and then 135 00:12:31.399 --> 00:12:33.360 you better hope that it's a girl steal a the bike. I don't care. 136 00:12:33.840 --> 00:12:37.960 Well it was, it's it was a terrible day for you. And 137 00:12:39.120 --> 00:12:45.879 Dave actually came over and recorded a whole episode after this terrible thing happened too. 138 00:12:46.559 --> 00:12:58.279 It was it was not pleasant because the show must go. But hashtag 139 00:12:58.279 --> 00:13:05.279 truffling through the pain. Okay, none of our bullsh So anyways, story 140 00:13:05.360 --> 00:13:07.440 is, we got our we got our heat press, our heat press. 141 00:13:07.559 --> 00:13:13.480 Everything is great. That was from money that you amazing people gave us to 142 00:13:13.519 --> 00:13:16.960 do and we are paying it back. We're going to set up our T 143 00:13:16.080 --> 00:13:20.559 shirt making facilities. Yeah, now we can make shirts and we don't have 144 00:13:20.639 --> 00:13:24.080 to go through the biased liberal media. That's right, get their cut of 145 00:13:24.159 --> 00:13:28.039 it. Oh baba, this is our money. So and now Flora and 146 00:13:28.120 --> 00:13:33.039 I go go over this a lot ourselves, like we we try to keep 147 00:13:33.080 --> 00:13:33.799 track, like, oh, that'd be a cool thing for a shirt. 148 00:13:35.120 --> 00:13:37.039 Is there a thing that you guys love a ton and you think would make 149 00:13:37.360 --> 00:13:41.480 a good idea for a shirt? Send it to us. I'm not saying 150 00:13:41.519 --> 00:13:43.759 that we're just going to crank them all out custom style, but but you 151 00:13:43.759 --> 00:13:48.879 guys have proven time and time again to be um smarter than us. So 152 00:13:50.360 --> 00:13:52.399 yeah, I mean we're gonna we're literally gonna go back through and listen to 153 00:13:52.440 --> 00:13:56.960 the episodes to see what, yeah, what we've said that that might make 154 00:13:56.039 --> 00:14:01.240 good. I think we're pretty I think we're pretty set on a Hayton ticket 155 00:14:01.559 --> 00:14:05.879 tavern shirt. I've I've got a I've got a tavern sign for the painting 156 00:14:05.919 --> 00:14:09.120 ticket. Yeah, I do have that one ready to go. I've even 157 00:14:09.120 --> 00:14:13.039 got a Jesus as a Whip guy's shirt. But which Emerson that's right one? 158 00:14:13.799 --> 00:14:16.879 But I don't know. I think I think somebody else could do it 159 00:14:16.919 --> 00:14:20.519 better. I will think if if somebody wanted to submit a design that that 160 00:14:20.639 --> 00:14:26.639 might be front fun. But you yeah, up to you just saying that 161 00:14:26.679 --> 00:14:31.039 we're we're, we're using it. We're we're we're actually rather than buying gold 162 00:14:31.039 --> 00:14:33.960 plated short pants, we're investing in this for the long haul. We're giving 163 00:14:35.039 --> 00:14:39.159 back to you. Damn it, Teresa. We're committed to this relationship, 164 00:14:39.919 --> 00:14:46.159 don't. I don't understand that one. So, uh, that's that's the 165 00:14:46.200 --> 00:14:48.559 good news there, um, along with I guess a peppering of bad news. 166 00:14:48.639 --> 00:14:56.639 But let's talk then about Derek matter M. We'll give you an overview 167 00:14:56.720 --> 00:15:01.960 here and then we'll go into explaining it. Ye. The hard thing with 168 00:15:01.960 --> 00:15:07.159 with stuff in physics, I feel like is you can't summarize it without explaining 169 00:15:07.159 --> 00:15:11.159 it, and you can't explain it without summarize. In this well, it's 170 00:15:11.200 --> 00:15:15.879 it's like exploring the unexplained. You can't do it without explaining the unexplored. 171 00:15:16.240 --> 00:15:20.039 To share, my friend, So let's start back at the at the beginning 172 00:15:20.039 --> 00:15:24.440 of this issue, and that has to do with the after effects of the 173 00:15:24.440 --> 00:15:30.639 Big Bang, the manner in which our universe is expanding, which it is 174 00:15:30.759 --> 00:15:35.960 proven through Doppler shifts and light rays and whatnots yeah, get all up in 175 00:15:35.000 --> 00:15:41.720 there, yeah, um yeah. Yeah. The problem is is that in 176 00:15:41.919 --> 00:15:46.080 order for our universe to be expanding in the manner that it is, at 177 00:15:46.080 --> 00:15:52.080 the rate that it is, then physicists can, and with pretty fair accuracy, 178 00:15:52.200 --> 00:15:54.279 say, okay, well, then the universe has to have the following 179 00:15:54.360 --> 00:15:58.080 properties. It has to have this much energy, it has to have this 180 00:15:58.200 --> 00:16:04.919 much mass in order to fit our observed um model of yeah, how things 181 00:16:06.000 --> 00:16:11.000 work. And the problem with that is is that it's like a bowl of 182 00:16:11.120 --> 00:16:15.879 Captain crunch with crunch berries, and it's all we're seeing is captain is the 183 00:16:15.919 --> 00:16:22.759 crunch berries. We where's the Captain? The matter that we see that we 184 00:16:22.799 --> 00:16:27.919 are very accustomed with, it turns out, is only four point nine percent 185 00:16:29.720 --> 00:16:36.360 of the uh matter in the universe. Is matter is what they call barrionic 186 00:16:36.519 --> 00:16:38.720 matter. Don't worry, We won't come around too, baby, don't you 187 00:16:38.759 --> 00:16:44.360 worry. Um now, I think I think that was very white. That 188 00:16:44.799 --> 00:16:56.519 was very white matter. Can't get enough of a bow songs, bab uh 189 00:16:56.559 --> 00:16:59.919 so, no boy, it's it's this is a tough thing to jump in 190 00:17:00.039 --> 00:17:02.639 to. Please feel free to fish me out, tag me out, Flora, 191 00:17:03.240 --> 00:17:04.599 let me let me take you out here then real? Okay, in 192 00:17:04.640 --> 00:17:11.440 a general sum summer is they afraid to use my crunch berries analogy? It 193 00:17:11.519 --> 00:17:18.160 was really brilliant. Dark matter is matter in galaxies and clusters and possibly between 194 00:17:18.240 --> 00:17:26.400 clusters that cannot be observed directly but can be detected by its gravitational field. 195 00:17:27.519 --> 00:17:33.599 That's what it basically boils down to. It's otherwise undetectable stuff in space that 196 00:17:33.720 --> 00:17:37.559 causes objects to behave in a way they conventionally shouldn't. It's like in those 197 00:17:37.640 --> 00:17:41.200 movies where there's an invisible manner, a ghost in a crowded room, and 198 00:17:41.240 --> 00:17:44.680 you can't see the ghost, but you see all the people getting pushed out 199 00:17:44.680 --> 00:17:48.519 of the way. Right. That's dark matter. Yeah, yeah, and 200 00:17:48.640 --> 00:17:53.759 all the ghosts are made of dark matter. All dark matter is made of 201 00:17:53.799 --> 00:18:00.079 ghosts. The objects that that I mentioned, the object that behave in a 202 00:18:00.119 --> 00:18:04.880 strange way, are stars and galaxies, big stuff, big scale stuff, 203 00:18:06.359 --> 00:18:10.759 and the way they behave is a very specific way. But we'll get to 204 00:18:10.839 --> 00:18:15.359 that in just a minute. I'm not saying that dark matter causes things to 205 00:18:15.400 --> 00:18:18.200 blink in and out of existence, or if shoot a laser beam from their 206 00:18:18.240 --> 00:18:22.720 sun eye. Yeah, if anything, the thing that makes dark matter so 207 00:18:22.839 --> 00:18:26.559 unique is that it refuses to play ball. It's yeah, it's boring. 208 00:18:26.640 --> 00:18:30.319 It doesn't interact, it doesn't do anything. It just is And it's a 209 00:18:30.400 --> 00:18:36.759 loaner. It's the James Dean of cosmological phenomena exactly. But it doesn't even 210 00:18:36.799 --> 00:18:41.519 smoke cigarettes and make them look cool. It that's all right, it doesn't 211 00:18:41.559 --> 00:18:47.000 have to do anything for maybe interesting. Um. Now, a few folks 212 00:18:47.200 --> 00:18:52.039 historically have postulated um the idea of dark matter. It was the first one. 213 00:18:52.279 --> 00:18:57.359 The first was a yawn or yean looks like jan if you thought it 214 00:18:57.400 --> 00:19:03.200 was a girl, you're roll are you dumb? Bastard? Jean or Dutch 215 00:19:03.240 --> 00:19:07.319 astronomer um. And and this is the this is a thing that can happen 216 00:19:07.319 --> 00:19:12.279 in science. He had the right idea at the wrong time to explain the 217 00:19:12.319 --> 00:19:18.359 wrong phenomenon. He had bad data and he was like, well, what 218 00:19:18.440 --> 00:19:22.920 if there was just a bunch of matter we can't see He didn't. Well, 219 00:19:22.960 --> 00:19:26.720 he technically was the first one to propose dark matter. He didn't didn't 220 00:19:26.880 --> 00:19:30.799 he just didn't um. And then you get the other side of the coin 221 00:19:30.160 --> 00:19:40.839 tails just uh seven years later, Horace Babcock, he notices problems with galaxy 222 00:19:40.920 --> 00:19:45.759 rotational curves, the way other galaxies moved, and so he saw this is 223 00:19:45.799 --> 00:19:52.480 an effective of dark matter. UM these huge massive gravitational effects, but he 224 00:19:52.559 --> 00:19:56.680 did not reach for dark matter as an explanation. I actually UM invented dark 225 00:19:56.720 --> 00:20:03.720 matter. I'm a vampire who's really into you know, astronomy. I'll do 226 00:20:03.759 --> 00:20:07.160 you. I'll do you one better. Here. Just a year after old 227 00:20:07.480 --> 00:20:14.200 Ort was on the scene, there was a UM, an old Swiss bastard 228 00:20:14.599 --> 00:20:22.640 by the name of Fritz ob Yeah, old Swiss bastard Fritz Zwicky in nineteen 229 00:20:22.720 --> 00:20:29.519 thirty three. Uh and and by all accounts, Zwicky was like the biggest, 230 00:20:29.799 --> 00:20:33.440 loudest, meanest old man on the front porch that you've ever met. 231 00:20:33.680 --> 00:20:41.039 Nice. I mean he's he is literally yelling at other astronomers to get off 232 00:20:41.039 --> 00:20:47.640 his front yard. It's funny like that. It's literally part of his His 233 00:20:47.799 --> 00:20:51.920 bio was how how much of a bastard he was. But he was a 234 00:20:52.000 --> 00:20:57.279 very good astronomer, and apparently um his research inferred the existence of unseen matter, 235 00:20:57.920 --> 00:21:04.680 which he hauled dunkla materia, which translates as dark knocking donuts. Oh, 236 00:21:07.200 --> 00:21:15.559 I'm just hungry. Oh God, choose better. No, we don't 237 00:21:15.599 --> 00:21:22.319 want a sponsorship from U. Don't don't let says Donut Saint Dinner after school 238 00:21:22.359 --> 00:21:33.240 special sound. Yeah, that's some real learning. Here's your T shirt, 239 00:21:33.240 --> 00:21:38.720 Donut Saint Dinner, don't think dinner. Uh so so um so so. 240 00:21:38.839 --> 00:21:42.759 Fritz Zwicky, he put that out there, put it out there pretty early, 241 00:21:42.759 --> 00:21:49.000 and he's kind of credited with the the beginnings of dark matter even like 242 00:21:49.039 --> 00:21:52.480 you said, though first Babcock didn't reach for the dark matter when he saw 243 00:21:52.519 --> 00:21:59.039 the effects, right. And then the lady who gets the uh the birthday 244 00:21:59.039 --> 00:22:03.599 cake, the clothes spot. Yeah, to the bullpen exactly, bringing all 245 00:22:03.680 --> 00:22:11.680 the basement home. Very Ruben left hander and a Lancaster Virginia really, let's 246 00:22:11.680 --> 00:22:18.759 fly will be good? Twenty one saves in triple A. That's right. 247 00:22:19.680 --> 00:22:22.440 Brought her up to the big show just two months ago, and she's really 248 00:22:22.440 --> 00:22:29.720 made an impact in the scientific community. Very Ruben noticed the galaxy rotation curves. 249 00:22:30.279 --> 00:22:33.839 And if that's not enough, why doesn't she put a little cream in 250 00:22:33.880 --> 00:22:38.480 your coffee with some gravitational lensing. Oh? Now, gravitational lensing is this 251 00:22:38.720 --> 00:22:45.279 really cool thing that happens because although light is free and wild, it can 252 00:22:45.319 --> 00:22:51.680 be bent by an intense gravity field. Um. For example, there is 253 00:22:51.759 --> 00:22:57.640 a lot of discussion about putting a oh, a telescope, but the thought 254 00:22:57.640 --> 00:23:03.319 that sentence ended. There's a lot of discussion about putting I love it. 255 00:23:06.559 --> 00:23:10.240 Here's how it relates to cosmology. Lots of people have been telling me to 256 00:23:10.279 --> 00:23:15.119 stop having donuts and pudding for dinner and shut up. Then I get really 257 00:23:15.160 --> 00:23:23.440 tired of my chest hurts. Um no about putting and a telescope in space 258 00:23:23.480 --> 00:23:29.319 between Earth and the Sun at the point which because all of the light behind 259 00:23:29.359 --> 00:23:33.079 the Sun, all of the stars that emit that light, it gets bent 260 00:23:33.359 --> 00:23:37.839 around the Sun and there's a focal point, and you could put an extraordinary 261 00:23:37.880 --> 00:23:41.279 telescope there and collect an amazing amount of data from it. Because this the 262 00:23:41.400 --> 00:23:45.519 Sun acts like a lens. It focuses all the light to a point, 263 00:23:45.400 --> 00:23:51.480 and so everything that has a significant mask can bend light. Black holes do 264 00:23:51.559 --> 00:23:55.680 it, Suns do it. I mean stars do it. Galaxies do it 265 00:23:56.000 --> 00:24:00.279 as a general rule, and dark matter does it. That's an they're one 266 00:24:00.319 --> 00:24:03.599 of those secondary effects. Is this gravitational lensing. Oh yeah, we we'll 267 00:24:03.640 --> 00:24:08.279 touch on that a little bit. A little later on Vera was hopping and 268 00:24:08.319 --> 00:24:14.440 bopping in the sixties and seventies with this and U Sometimes she wore skirts that 269 00:24:14.480 --> 00:24:18.279 were as many as half an inch above her knees and she did not care. 270 00:24:18.359 --> 00:24:26.160 No, she was a hippi beating scientist. Cosmologists continue to search for 271 00:24:26.240 --> 00:24:32.720 exactly what this is. Yeah, even today now, like we said, 272 00:24:32.920 --> 00:24:37.799 dark matter came out of the observations of Zwicki and Orton and all those others, 273 00:24:38.160 --> 00:24:42.000 and they and Zwicky in particular, since he hasn't got enough play as 274 00:24:42.000 --> 00:24:47.960 an old bastard. Um, we're gonna get sued by the estate of Zwicki. 275 00:24:48.960 --> 00:24:52.720 Whudo's not a planet. Yeah, that's right, get it out of 276 00:24:52.799 --> 00:24:57.400 here, dry fuss damn it, Come on it. Because Zwicky found something 277 00:24:57.440 --> 00:25:03.759 odd in his examination of the Coma galaxy cluster. He pointed his telescope up, 278 00:25:03.319 --> 00:25:07.680 looked at this one certain galaxy cluster, and uh I wrote down a 279 00:25:07.680 --> 00:25:12.640 bunch of stuff for it. By chance in austrian Um, astronomer think that 280 00:25:12.680 --> 00:25:18.759 he had his telescope misaligned and said it's it's not their Coma. No, 281 00:25:18.200 --> 00:25:25.359 didn't read that, Oh, they didn't have them burned it. But I 282 00:25:25.400 --> 00:25:29.680 think somebody did come up to him oh, and was like, oh, 283 00:25:29.839 --> 00:25:33.720 what did they do? What did they what did this unnamed person that history 284 00:25:33.000 --> 00:25:37.559 was neglected in the in the but they did they did make a point of 285 00:25:37.599 --> 00:25:41.839 writing down the rest of the interaction. How did that interaction go? Flora, 286 00:25:41.640 --> 00:25:45.440 He's just trying to find about it out about Zwicki's family, So he 287 00:25:45.519 --> 00:25:52.400 was just like, who's your dad? Was like good? Over here, 288 00:25:53.880 --> 00:26:03.920 I forgot that part. Who's good? So he's looking at the coma cluster 289 00:26:04.119 --> 00:26:10.079 and the number that he got from adding up the mass of the stars in 290 00:26:10.240 --> 00:26:15.680 the galaxy should have matched the number he got by calculating the velocity of the 291 00:26:15.720 --> 00:26:18.960 galaxy how fast it was spinning, because if you know one, you should 292 00:26:19.000 --> 00:26:25.440 be able to determine the other. They didn't. What sorry, bro. 293 00:26:25.960 --> 00:26:33.039 In fact, the velocity was two hundred times higher than the observable mass he 294 00:26:33.119 --> 00:26:38.960 calculated, Big fat red flag. It's right now. How fast gravitationally trapped 295 00:26:40.000 --> 00:26:45.400 objects in a system move is related to the mass of the system. Yep. 296 00:26:45.640 --> 00:26:48.519 And that's just speed related to mass. Keep that in mind. The 297 00:26:48.599 --> 00:26:52.319 more mass you have, and even the closer the objects are to each other, 298 00:26:53.519 --> 00:26:56.680 faster you go wait, wait, let me see if I can do 299 00:26:56.759 --> 00:27:00.519 this. The gravitational attraction between two bodies directly proportional to the product of their 300 00:27:00.559 --> 00:27:07.400 masses and inversely proportionate to the square root of the distance between them. Boom, 301 00:27:12.759 --> 00:27:18.839 Spider's delight. What was that from? That is Newton's law of universal 302 00:27:18.839 --> 00:27:23.200 gravitation of the Hubbard So yes, not only does the mass of the two 303 00:27:23.240 --> 00:27:30.200 items matter, but the distance between them. And again, the more the 304 00:27:30.279 --> 00:27:36.640 closer, the faster. Yep, it's like me dancing with you. I'm 305 00:27:36.720 --> 00:27:42.279 still lonely. You're a lone star floating out. I won't to be a 306 00:27:42.400 --> 00:27:52.119 binary system with irregularities in my hour. Bad Stars near the center of a 307 00:27:52.160 --> 00:27:59.160 galaxy should be moving faster than ones on the outskirts of the galaxy. I 308 00:27:59.200 --> 00:28:03.839 mean, according to Newton's law. Yep, every every figure skater knows that 309 00:28:03.880 --> 00:28:08.839 maneuver pull your arms in you go faster, or every jagbag on a office 310 00:28:08.920 --> 00:28:15.119 chair. That's probably a farmer universal example. However, it seemed the stars 311 00:28:15.119 --> 00:28:19.319 on the outskirts of the galaxy, we're orbiting at the same speed as the 312 00:28:19.319 --> 00:28:26.640 ones close in. What the faster things orbit, the more gravitational attraction they 313 00:28:26.680 --> 00:28:37.200 need to hold together and not go flying off, and we're all the comets 314 00:28:37.279 --> 00:28:44.880 going to play bas Sorry if you if you think of holding hands with with 315 00:28:44.920 --> 00:28:48.400 somebody else and then just spinning between them between you, you know how you 316 00:28:48.720 --> 00:28:52.640 how you just like you try not to move your feet too much, but 317 00:28:52.680 --> 00:28:57.359 you just sort of like spin, yeah right, rand that dream clover daisies 318 00:28:57.440 --> 00:29:03.079 whatever. And the faster you go, the more you're you're likely to pull 319 00:29:03.119 --> 00:29:07.400 apart yep, or the more that force is kind of tearing you apart, 320 00:29:07.400 --> 00:29:12.960 well, society, if you were fatter, it'd take more force, yeah, 321 00:29:14.160 --> 00:29:17.680 right, I mean the more mass you add to it, the faster 322 00:29:17.839 --> 00:29:21.480 you'll go. And then but then the more gravity would would hold you together 323 00:29:21.519 --> 00:29:26.000 too, right, Yeah, you're getting into like questions of like angular momentum 324 00:29:26.039 --> 00:29:30.359 and some tripitals. That's true. That's not the greatest example. Yeah, 325 00:29:30.359 --> 00:29:37.039 but really you're talking to Captain crunch over here. Who Yeah, the point 326 00:29:37.119 --> 00:29:41.839 The point is more gravity comes from more mass and yeah yeah, yeah. 327 00:29:41.920 --> 00:29:45.519 What this boils down to is that there was not enough visible stuff to hold 328 00:29:45.559 --> 00:29:48.559 these galaxies together going at that space. Yeah, for the speed they were 329 00:29:48.559 --> 00:29:52.599 going, they should have flown apart, right, like Napoleon. It made 330 00:29:52.640 --> 00:30:02.319 no sense what Napoleon flown apart? Okay, did I mentioned that we're not 331 00:30:02.440 --> 00:30:06.039 staying sober for this one. Apparently have got some catching up to do. 332 00:30:06.599 --> 00:30:11.039 Anyways, this this made no sense. The gravity not yep, not being 333 00:30:11.119 --> 00:30:15.119 there, the mass not being there, the gravity, the gravity was there, 334 00:30:15.119 --> 00:30:18.400 the mass wasn't there. Something else was creating gravity to move them that 335 00:30:18.480 --> 00:30:26.160 fast. That's what everybody had to reconcile. So Zwicky proposed the idea of 336 00:30:26.200 --> 00:30:30.519 the missing mass existing, just unable to be seen. And keep in mind, 337 00:30:30.599 --> 00:30:36.559 this was only about eleven years or so after scientists began to agree that 338 00:30:37.559 --> 00:30:41.160 our galaxy wasn't the only galaxy in existence, right, Yeah, this is 339 00:30:41.200 --> 00:30:47.119 still early days. And as we said before, dark matter is not to 340 00:30:47.160 --> 00:30:51.119 be confused with dark energy. We may not have said there was not to 341 00:30:51.160 --> 00:30:55.119 be confused, but we mentioned dark energy. Yep. Scientists have observed the 342 00:30:55.240 --> 00:31:00.279 universe is expanding, we did say that, and galaxies are moving away from 343 00:31:00.319 --> 00:31:04.759 each other, and some unknown force is driving this acceleration of expansion yep, 344 00:31:06.000 --> 00:31:10.960 And that is what they've termed dark energy. Yeah, not the same thing 345 00:31:10.960 --> 00:31:14.279 as dark matter. No, no, no, it's not not the same 346 00:31:14.279 --> 00:31:18.680 thing, however. Fun In fact, if you just had all the dark 347 00:31:18.720 --> 00:31:23.039 matter and the dark energy of the universe, then you would just have ninety 348 00:31:23.079 --> 00:31:27.400 five point one percent of the entire contents of the universe. That's all you 349 00:31:27.519 --> 00:31:30.880 have. That's all that you can stick in your pocket. That's it. 350 00:31:32.519 --> 00:31:37.119 Yeah, Yeah, that's right. We live in a in a portion of 351 00:31:37.160 --> 00:31:41.039 the universe that is extraordinarily rare. Yeah, we're the thing, but they're 352 00:31:41.039 --> 00:31:48.160 the four point nine percent. Feel rich on that, right, Yeah, 353 00:31:48.200 --> 00:31:51.680 it's it's believed that sixty eight percent of the universe is made up of dark 354 00:31:51.839 --> 00:31:57.839 energy, twenty seven percent of dark matter and observable matter or what's called baryonic 355 00:31:57.960 --> 00:32:01.920 matter I counts from you know, just under five percent of the universe. 356 00:32:02.599 --> 00:32:07.359 Yep, crazy balls. Yeah, it just feels special, toll. Yeah, 357 00:32:07.400 --> 00:32:12.799 and the special the important thing about this. Uh and maybe this is 358 00:32:12.799 --> 00:32:15.680 a good time to get into it. We keep saying baryonic matter. Sure, 359 00:32:16.240 --> 00:32:21.359 um, baryons are an entire classification of sum a topic particles. They're 360 00:32:21.359 --> 00:32:25.519 the legos from which I'm listening, that's right, Yeah, I have your 361 00:32:25.559 --> 00:32:30.759 attention, kids. They're they're the the the tiny, little one stack legos 362 00:32:30.799 --> 00:32:36.200 from which larger legos are built. They're the They're made up of quarks, 363 00:32:36.559 --> 00:32:42.200 quarks being this very super tiny sum atomic particle. You put some quarks together, 364 00:32:42.240 --> 00:32:45.880 and there's different varieties of quarks. There's up down, top strange light. 365 00:32:45.200 --> 00:32:52.960 Yeah, you put in draft, it's right, recipe ice ice quark, 366 00:32:53.079 --> 00:33:04.119 dry quark, IPA, oh god, october quark, pumpkin quark, 367 00:33:05.759 --> 00:33:10.480 and some are shandy. Anyway, the quarks combined to make some atomic particles 368 00:33:10.519 --> 00:33:15.960 like protons and neutrons, which form the nucleus of an atom around which electrons 369 00:33:15.960 --> 00:33:22.680 flow orbit and now boom, you got yourself a stew. You've got particles 370 00:33:22.839 --> 00:33:27.440 that interact with each other. They swap electrons, they emit light, they 371 00:33:27.480 --> 00:33:30.079 absorb light, they do things right, and because of the properties of the 372 00:33:30.160 --> 00:33:36.039 quarks that make them what they suspect. One of the suspected theories is that 373 00:33:36.599 --> 00:33:39.680 these there's this other kind of matter, non baryonic matter, that's made up 374 00:33:40.039 --> 00:33:46.200 either of a very weird collection of quarks that we consider to be highly unstable, 375 00:33:46.599 --> 00:33:52.039 and so we didn't expect them to form the Spanish Inquisition. Yeah, 376 00:33:52.079 --> 00:33:57.440 exactly, they were. They were not seen as terribly likely, but given 377 00:33:57.440 --> 00:34:00.440 the observable data. Either it is quarks that were from filiar with subatomic partles 378 00:34:00.480 --> 00:34:05.240 that were that we know and have identified that are combining in a way that 379 00:34:05.279 --> 00:34:09.239 we're not familiar with, or I mean or anything. This kind of will 380 00:34:09.280 --> 00:34:14.440 get into yeah, what could be just about and we'll absolutely get into that. 381 00:34:14.719 --> 00:34:17.119 Um. But it's important to understand this question of quarks now because it's 382 00:34:17.159 --> 00:34:21.280 going to come up a few more times. And why we keep saying baryonic 383 00:34:21.360 --> 00:34:24.800 matter and um, it's it's just it's such a cool thing too, because 384 00:34:24.800 --> 00:34:30.559 it's you never you don't think that the variety of quarks that go into making 385 00:34:31.239 --> 00:34:35.440 a proton or a neutron matters. You know, you're like, well, 386 00:34:35.480 --> 00:34:39.320 I guess somebody, somebody cares, But it matters hugely, and the quest 387 00:34:43.239 --> 00:34:47.320 Um. Here's another fun example though, Um, A nucleus, sorry nucleus, 388 00:34:47.320 --> 00:34:54.880 A neutron made up of quarks super unstable. However, in an atomic 389 00:34:54.960 --> 00:35:00.079 nucleus it is stabilized by the proton and the electron, and so there there 390 00:35:00.199 --> 00:35:06.159 is precedent even in in the the matter that that constitutes all of us and 391 00:35:06.199 --> 00:35:10.639 everything we're familiar with, for something that on paper shouldn't exist that often it's 392 00:35:10.679 --> 00:35:19.599 it's an unstable thing finding a way to stabilize itself. Life finds a way. 393 00:35:21.079 --> 00:35:25.800 So and now everybody take a sip. That's right. Let that sink 394 00:35:25.840 --> 00:35:30.599 in a little bit. Boosh. We should we should take little little breaks 395 00:35:30.599 --> 00:35:37.679 because this this is a rich pack. He's shoving our hobo faces. Man, 396 00:35:38.000 --> 00:35:44.719 it's like it's like eating a bowl of fluff. It's like it's like 397 00:35:44.760 --> 00:35:51.400 the time that Tabitha, it's the deconstructed smore for the record, quote unquote, 398 00:35:51.400 --> 00:35:55.559 Tabitha kept eating that bowl. After we were done recording. I heard 399 00:35:55.599 --> 00:36:00.440 it was all right. She told me to tell you to shut up. 400 00:36:00.440 --> 00:36:07.159 It was good. One one more thing, one more number. Here in 401 00:36:07.199 --> 00:36:13.360 the milky way that our galaxy, not our solar system, our galaxy, 402 00:36:13.400 --> 00:36:16.079 the whole, the whole deal. There is twenty times more dark matter than 403 00:36:16.159 --> 00:36:25.079 bariotic matter. Bam bam but lamb dedicating this one to dark matter. Dark 404 00:36:25.119 --> 00:36:34.119 matter also unique because it does not interact with light slash electromagnetic radiation. Yep. 405 00:36:34.719 --> 00:36:40.039 It neither absorbs nor reflects light. And that is huge yep, because 406 00:36:40.920 --> 00:36:46.599 every other type of matter that we know of does somehow or another. That's 407 00:36:46.599 --> 00:36:52.159 the thing you almost think that, Oh, in our realm of experience, 408 00:36:52.159 --> 00:36:53.760 the things that don't interact with light just reflect it and move on with their 409 00:36:53.840 --> 00:37:00.800 day. But that's an interaction, you smug son of a bitch. You 410 00:37:00.840 --> 00:37:06.679 didn't know everything. Everyone on the planet scientific community, who definitely are listening 411 00:37:06.719 --> 00:37:09.920 to this, oh yeah, to their compiled right now. I hope that 412 00:37:09.920 --> 00:37:14.559 no scientist is listening to this, because man, we might go like we 413 00:37:14.679 --> 00:37:17.280 might have to do a month in the penalty box. Yeah, hello, 414 00:37:20.400 --> 00:37:27.039 ohoi to blur. Oh Jesus, I just yell what I'm in there? 415 00:37:27.119 --> 00:37:31.880 Yeah, So how do we even know that it exists? Right? That's 416 00:37:32.719 --> 00:37:37.079 that's what we're aiming for on the targets, right because one of the federal 417 00:37:37.119 --> 00:37:40.119 government told me, I mean, besides the numbers of velocity and mass being 418 00:37:40.320 --> 00:37:45.360 irreconcilable. Ye, uh, there is another way to observe the presence of 419 00:37:45.440 --> 00:37:51.519 dark matter, and you've already mentioned another way to tell is the gravitational LENSINGA 420 00:37:52.559 --> 00:37:55.679 let's see if there's a if there's another way to to visualize this. When 421 00:37:55.719 --> 00:38:00.519 you look at a bowl of Captain crunch, when you look at a distant 422 00:38:00.559 --> 00:38:06.000 star, the light's coming right at you, but light that would that's going 423 00:38:06.039 --> 00:38:08.159 off in a different direction. Let's say, you know, you would never 424 00:38:08.159 --> 00:38:13.320 see it directly, and since it's not coming at you directly, you would 425 00:38:13.360 --> 00:38:15.440 never see it from the side either. You just you wouldn't see that light. 426 00:38:15.840 --> 00:38:20.920 Well, that light is then bent towards you, and you do see 427 00:38:20.960 --> 00:38:25.239 it. So it's almost like if you take a pumpkin. Oh my god, 428 00:38:25.400 --> 00:38:30.559 ladies and gentlemen, the universal pumpkin has returned to the podcast. Explained 429 00:38:30.599 --> 00:38:34.760 some signs with a pumpkin. If you take a pumpkin, you set it 430 00:38:34.800 --> 00:38:37.320 on a pedestal, and you're looking straight at the pumpkin, Well, you 431 00:38:37.400 --> 00:38:42.239 stick a spear in the top of it. He has the side of the 432 00:38:42.239 --> 00:38:45.800 pumpkin. You can't see the tip of the spear. Well, let's see, 433 00:38:45.880 --> 00:38:47.199 you can't see the end of the spear because the tip's probably going in 434 00:38:47.280 --> 00:38:50.519 the pumpkin. Can't see the tip of the spause it's in the pumpkin, 435 00:38:50.599 --> 00:38:52.639 dude, But you can't see the end of the spear because it's pointed up 436 00:38:52.639 --> 00:38:57.920 at the ceiling. Okay, well, something is between you and the pumpkin 437 00:38:58.119 --> 00:39:04.480 that has enough gravitational mass. The spear actually bends downwards and you do see 438 00:39:04.519 --> 00:39:08.199 the end of it. And this is one of the ways that scientists can 439 00:39:08.199 --> 00:39:15.079 tell there is something out there that causes the light rays to bend like this. 440 00:39:15.960 --> 00:39:19.000 This spear is the light ray in this analogy. I've got, I've 441 00:39:19.000 --> 00:39:22.599 got, I've got a better pumpkin analogy for you. Okay, Imagine you've 442 00:39:22.599 --> 00:39:29.360 got a pumpkin and that's on a pedestal, and exactly the pumpkin is exactly 443 00:39:29.599 --> 00:39:34.880 between you and another guy thirty ft you're each thirty feet away from the pumpkin, 444 00:39:34.920 --> 00:39:37.960 but you can't see each other pumpkins in the way. That guy has 445 00:39:37.000 --> 00:39:42.559 got a bow and arrow, and now if he shoots straight at you, 446 00:39:42.719 --> 00:39:45.679 he's just going to hit the pumpkin. The pumpkin is a star. But 447 00:39:46.199 --> 00:39:52.360 this pumpkin's pretty massive. If he aims just to the side of the pumpkin. 448 00:39:52.880 --> 00:39:55.320 Now, if the arrow went straight, he'd miss me. It would 449 00:39:55.360 --> 00:39:59.880 fly off to the side and it would never hit me. But this pump 450 00:40:00.039 --> 00:40:06.039 and is so massive that it actually is able to pull on the iron steel 451 00:40:06.119 --> 00:40:10.239 tip of the arrow as it passes the pumpkin and pulls it ever so slightly 452 00:40:10.360 --> 00:40:15.119 back, and so that arrow gets pulled in by the attraction of the pumpkin 453 00:40:15.320 --> 00:40:21.280 and still hits me. That's gravitational lensing, Okay, I mean mine was 454 00:40:21.920 --> 00:40:24.880 in mine. The pumpkin was the guy and the arrow. The spear was 455 00:40:24.880 --> 00:40:28.840 the arrow. I think I'm just having a hard time, like this is 456 00:40:28.840 --> 00:40:31.079 a this is a complex and it's a hard time. It's hard to make 457 00:40:31.400 --> 00:40:37.320 an audio. Yours is better, obviously, I don't think so. I 458 00:40:37.400 --> 00:40:39.840 just I'm bad at visualized stuff. When you describe, you know, like 459 00:40:39.880 --> 00:40:42.880 that's what I'm saying, Like, oh, and I'm describing it. I 460 00:40:42.880 --> 00:40:45.960 see it in my head and it makes sense. Yeah, you like, 461 00:40:45.159 --> 00:40:51.440 Okay, in my scenario, I don't I didn't pick anything. I just 462 00:40:51.480 --> 00:40:53.880 had dark matter as this who knows what in between me and the pumpkin. 463 00:40:53.920 --> 00:40:59.199 The pumpkin was the star that was emanating light, right, and and the 464 00:40:59.639 --> 00:41:02.719 spear was the ray of light that then got bent to where you could see 465 00:41:02.719 --> 00:41:07.760 it. Yours is better, though, because the pumpkin is dark matter, 466 00:41:07.440 --> 00:41:13.119 and then somebody shooting an arrow. The arrow is the light the light gets 467 00:41:13.199 --> 00:41:16.880 if he's shooting to the side of the pumpkin, not at the pumpkin shoots 468 00:41:16.920 --> 00:41:21.760 to the side of it, it gets bent by the huge gravitational pull and 469 00:41:21.880 --> 00:41:25.119 comes in to hit me. Yes, it otherwise wouldn't hit at all. 470 00:41:25.599 --> 00:41:29.719 I'm just glad that we both had Pumpkin ideas well. It is hard to 471 00:41:30.119 --> 00:41:35.920 visualize through through the medium of podcast, but we're not gonna stop. Yeah, 472 00:41:36.199 --> 00:41:38.199 just try try that and we'll come back to Pumpkins later and I'll make 473 00:41:38.280 --> 00:41:43.880 sure it about him Thanksgiving time. Of course, we're coming back at p 474 00:41:44.480 --> 00:41:49.199 And then what's causing the light to get bent? That's what is theorized as 475 00:41:49.360 --> 00:41:54.000 as being the dark matter, because otherwise there shouldn't be anything there. We 476 00:41:54.000 --> 00:41:59.400 shouldn't. There's a lot of lensing going on with no stars present, with 477 00:41:59.519 --> 00:42:05.559 no observable source of mass to bend that light. And this is uh coming 478 00:42:05.639 --> 00:42:10.360 straight from the horse's mouth, mister Einstein. And you would be surprised how 479 00:42:10.559 --> 00:42:17.199 sensitive our instruments are and how often gravitational lensing is used as a tool. 480 00:42:17.360 --> 00:42:24.559 We use gravitational lensing to determine how many planets the Sun has the speed. 481 00:42:24.639 --> 00:42:28.320 I mean, we use it for so many things. We actually are very 482 00:42:28.760 --> 00:42:35.119 very sophisticated with determining curvature of light in space. It's one of the it's 483 00:42:35.119 --> 00:42:38.079 one of our best tools for learning about for a number of reasons. And 484 00:42:38.239 --> 00:42:45.159 Einstein was the first one right to put forward the idea that gravity would affect 485 00:42:45.599 --> 00:42:49.880 the path of light. Yes, and because and that's that's that's the big 486 00:42:49.920 --> 00:42:53.280 thing. That's the equals mc squared. When you link energy to mass, 487 00:42:54.000 --> 00:42:58.840 it means that that's a two way street, that that things that affect energy 488 00:42:58.880 --> 00:43:01.599 can affect mass, things that mask and affect energy, and you you make 489 00:43:01.639 --> 00:43:07.199 them both subservient to gravity. Yeah. I just saw Interstellar. I haven't 490 00:43:07.199 --> 00:43:10.280 seen it. The other night I heard that, Um they finally put the 491 00:43:10.920 --> 00:43:16.239 dinobots in there. They did, Thank god. I really liked it. 492 00:43:16.480 --> 00:43:22.000 I really enjoyed it. It's a long movie, but I personally was was 493 00:43:22.119 --> 00:43:24.719 entertained the whole way through. There was a I'm not gonna tell you what 494 00:43:24.840 --> 00:43:30.000 happens, but don't it's part and parcel with what we're talking about in terms 495 00:43:30.039 --> 00:43:37.000 of gravity, because there's a hole in the bucket deer lift pudding. There's 496 00:43:37.039 --> 00:43:44.480 a whole concept of gravity bending space time, which is what Einstein yea put 497 00:43:44.559 --> 00:43:50.519 forward, and gravity can slow time down. That's how powerful gravity is. 498 00:43:50.519 --> 00:43:55.920 Not only can it bend light, but the more massive an object the slower 499 00:43:57.280 --> 00:44:01.719 time goes, so that in in the movie this is this is one thing. 500 00:44:01.719 --> 00:44:05.320 I don't think this will spoil anything for you. But they land on 501 00:44:05.360 --> 00:44:12.760 a huge planet and the gravity, you know, is many times what Earth's 502 00:44:12.880 --> 00:44:15.000 is, or at least you know it's it's a percentage higher than what Earth 503 00:44:15.159 --> 00:44:20.320 is. And on the planet. When they're on the planet, an hour 504 00:44:20.480 --> 00:44:27.960 equals seven years in regular time, regularly perceived time. So if they stay 505 00:44:27.960 --> 00:44:30.719 an hour on this planet, seven years will have elapsed. In the spaceship 506 00:44:30.760 --> 00:44:39.079 that's orbiting the plant planet dog year in the dog Star. Serious anyways, 507 00:44:39.599 --> 00:44:44.159 which crazy, that's crazy, and that happens on our I mean, okay, 508 00:44:44.679 --> 00:44:47.079 I have to say this. That is a gross exaggeration. That kind 509 00:44:47.119 --> 00:44:53.920 of gravity would collapse people into subatomic dust. But but like even on our 510 00:44:53.920 --> 00:45:00.400 own planet, people who live at sea level, like they actually time slower 511 00:45:00.440 --> 00:45:05.000 for them than people who live at elevation. Um, you it's it's obviously 512 00:45:05.159 --> 00:45:07.760 tiny fractions of a second. Yeah, they put an atomic clock on on 513 00:45:07.800 --> 00:45:13.519 an orbiting satellite, right and determine yep, Yeah, they've confirmed it. 514 00:45:13.559 --> 00:45:20.320 And there's there's no shortage of um. Classic hind Line style science fiction that 515 00:45:20.360 --> 00:45:23.519 deals with this problem that you leave Earth, you're traveling close to the speed 516 00:45:23.519 --> 00:45:29.480 of light, which requires you to um approach infinite mass as you get closer 517 00:45:29.519 --> 00:45:34.480 to the speed of light, and so time for you slows down and for 518 00:45:34.519 --> 00:45:37.840 the rest of the world. So you you you go on your your light 519 00:45:37.880 --> 00:45:39.880 speed trip for a year and you come back in a hundred years have passed 520 00:45:39.880 --> 00:45:44.239 on Earth. That's like, that's like a common you know, trope with 521 00:45:44.800 --> 00:45:46.840 um classic science fiction, and people still talk about it because at the time 522 00:45:46.840 --> 00:45:50.039 it was a new like, oh my gosh, that's a real thing. 523 00:45:50.400 --> 00:45:55.679 That time is as also gravitationally variable, it can be effected, yeah, 524 00:45:55.760 --> 00:46:00.199 which you know, it blows my mind because it's like for us, time 525 00:46:00.320 --> 00:46:07.960 is one thing that's constant and ever marching forward towards Yeah. Yeah, I 526 00:46:07.000 --> 00:46:12.000 don't know, it's it's nuts to to think about it that way, but 527 00:46:12.039 --> 00:46:14.960 it has that has a lot to do with with what we're talking about as 528 00:46:14.960 --> 00:46:20.320 well. And and this dark matter has this kind of effect. So I 529 00:46:20.320 --> 00:46:23.119 mean, so it would you think that time would slow down if you go 530 00:46:23.199 --> 00:46:28.000 through a field of dark matter. No, it's it's a it's a different 531 00:46:28.440 --> 00:46:31.960 it's it's not quite as as direct as that. And again all time is 532 00:46:32.000 --> 00:46:38.440 relative, so it's it's still your the time you experience relative to what someone 533 00:46:38.480 --> 00:46:43.159 else experiences. Yeah, um, it's not that that. It's not like 534 00:46:43.199 --> 00:46:49.639 the people who are at approaching light speed are talking all slowly to them, 535 00:46:49.760 --> 00:46:54.280 time is passing totally normally to them. It's relative to the other things around 536 00:46:54.360 --> 00:47:00.480 them. So you could go through And again, that is an extraordinary amount 537 00:47:00.480 --> 00:47:04.639 of mass. When we talk about gravitational lensing, you're talking about enough dark 538 00:47:04.719 --> 00:47:09.920 matter, and it's disparate theoretically, there's a few different theories about how um. 539 00:47:09.960 --> 00:47:13.360 And we'll get to that because I've got some some numbers on on that. 540 00:47:13.880 --> 00:47:15.920 How you know, how big a chunk could you bump into? Those 541 00:47:16.000 --> 00:47:21.719 kind of questions, But this is on a on a galaxy scale. Back, 542 00:47:22.039 --> 00:47:25.880 there's there's an arm extending hundreds of thousands of light years that's made up 543 00:47:25.920 --> 00:47:30.719 of dark matter, and that in total has enough matter to bend light to 544 00:47:30.719 --> 00:47:37.519 to achieve these these effects of of a hypermassive item um. So it's it's 545 00:47:37.559 --> 00:47:39.880 not something you run into. And we may have talked about some black holes 546 00:47:40.039 --> 00:47:43.760 or time or two, but black holes, did we do an upside on 547 00:47:43.800 --> 00:47:45.280 that? How do I time travel? Yeah, but I think if I 548 00:47:45.320 --> 00:47:49.239 feel like we've talked about at this at one point where if you fall into 549 00:47:49.239 --> 00:47:52.679 a black hole where there's a singularity where the gravity well becomes infinite um, 550 00:47:53.360 --> 00:47:59.519 that if you were transmitting as you went in, you would to people outside 551 00:47:59.519 --> 00:48:01.800 of that, it would sound like you are transmitting forever, like they would 552 00:48:01.880 --> 00:48:07.480 hear you scream for eternity. Yeah, that's true. That's the good thing. 553 00:48:08.079 --> 00:48:10.199 But you know, like these when you get into that's one of the 554 00:48:10.280 --> 00:48:15.079 really fun and interesting things. And it's one of the reasons why Einstein had 555 00:48:15.119 --> 00:48:22.039 to create a theory of gravity, because Newtonian gravity stopped. It didn't describe 556 00:48:22.119 --> 00:48:30.199 these amazing, huge concepts. It breaks down when you get to these these 557 00:48:30.440 --> 00:48:34.599 giant orders of magnitude. Also it breaks down when you get into these very 558 00:48:34.599 --> 00:48:39.199 tiny orders of magnitude, and Einstein and gravity also breaks down. So that's 559 00:48:39.239 --> 00:48:44.280 why you've got quantum mechanics that explains the very tiny blah blah blah. But 560 00:48:44.800 --> 00:48:49.440 you would be having to pull some very serious other maneuvers for you to temporarily 561 00:48:49.599 --> 00:48:52.920 notice the gravity distortion from dark matter. I see, Okay, I bet 562 00:48:52.920 --> 00:48:57.119 you're wondering how we determine dark energy at this point, man, I am 563 00:48:57.679 --> 00:49:00.800 so hard. You mentioned it earlier, but um, it's called red shift. 564 00:49:01.079 --> 00:49:05.559 Yeah, yeah, And this is a fairly new concept. Nobel Prize 565 00:49:05.559 --> 00:49:08.599 winning concept. The speed of a galaxy moving away from the observer can be 566 00:49:08.679 --> 00:49:15.039 determined by observing how it's light changes color. The faster it moves, the 567 00:49:15.079 --> 00:49:20.039 redder it gets. Yeah, items moving away from you are red shifted. 568 00:49:20.079 --> 00:49:27.039 Items moving towards you are blue shifted. That's Doppler effect to it's the it's 569 00:49:27.039 --> 00:49:32.159 the reason why a car horn changes sounds. It goes as it approaches you. 570 00:49:32.760 --> 00:49:38.800 Every time the horn emits a sound wave, the actual horn itself has 571 00:49:38.840 --> 00:49:43.840 moved a little bit further, so it's compressing the sound wave, blue shifting 572 00:49:43.880 --> 00:49:47.920 it into a higher frequency. And that when it passes you, it's the 573 00:49:47.960 --> 00:49:52.800 horn the emitter is leaving you. So it's actually every time that it emits 574 00:49:52.840 --> 00:49:57.159 another sound wave, it's a little bit further than it normally would, so 575 00:49:57.360 --> 00:50:00.360 it's elongated. It's a red shifted. Yeah. The wave length, the 576 00:50:00.400 --> 00:50:04.480 sound wavelength gets longer and longer, and that makes the sound lower and lower. 577 00:50:04.880 --> 00:50:08.119 Yep, I mean not not to it's not like men but you hear 578 00:50:08.159 --> 00:50:14.639 it. You hear it all the time, train whistles, things like that. 579 00:50:14.639 --> 00:50:17.280 That is Doppler effect. That's red and blue shifting, although on an 580 00:50:17.280 --> 00:50:22.400 acoustic scale, right, And this works for galaxy movement as well, and 581 00:50:22.440 --> 00:50:27.159 it's been observed, it's been pretty much proven. It's just that we don't 582 00:50:27.199 --> 00:50:32.679 know what this force is that's moving the that's that's accelerating galaxies to move away, 583 00:50:32.800 --> 00:50:37.239 and that's the thing that is. Yeah, that's when you say big 584 00:50:37.280 --> 00:50:40.039 bang, you imagine a giant water balloon going off and everything flying out, 585 00:50:40.199 --> 00:50:45.880 but but slowing as it goes out from this huge ancient explosion. But our 586 00:50:46.000 --> 00:50:52.719 universe is accelerating, right, It's going faster, it's exploding harder. And 587 00:50:52.800 --> 00:50:57.800 so obviously in order for something to accelerate, you need to have something driving 588 00:50:57.800 --> 00:51:01.280 it. What is the what is the energy driving at So that's what's termed 589 00:51:01.519 --> 00:51:05.599 dark energy. And that's probably about all we'll say about that. Let's get 590 00:51:05.639 --> 00:51:08.800 into some explanations of what dark matter is. Yeah, yeah, let's start 591 00:51:08.840 --> 00:51:15.159 out with new trinos. New trinos are elementary particles that get emitted by nuclear 592 00:51:15.199 --> 00:51:21.159 reactions. They stream at near the speed of light. They don't interact much 593 00:51:21.159 --> 00:51:27.199 with other particles, which means they slip through virtually everything and are occasionally they're 594 00:51:27.440 --> 00:51:32.800 very fast, very fast. They are occasionally incorrectly accused of being faster than 595 00:51:32.920 --> 00:51:37.320 light. There was a little hullabaloo in Europe a couple of years, real 596 00:51:37.400 --> 00:51:45.320 exciting, but wampwamp. They could be trillions of them flying through you right 597 00:51:45.360 --> 00:51:49.559 now. Yeah, every second. Fun fact. When I was at the 598 00:51:49.559 --> 00:51:53.039 South Pole, well you went to the South Pole. Oh, shut up, 599 00:51:53.440 --> 00:51:59.239 you get me later. Everybody will hear it, and I can't cut 600 00:51:59.239 --> 00:52:04.000 it out because you reference it multiple times. Yeah, you'll get me. 601 00:52:05.960 --> 00:52:08.000 Um. Yeah. When I was down there, there was a few really 602 00:52:08.000 --> 00:52:12.480 great experiments going on, and this was all in service to trying to find 603 00:52:12.920 --> 00:52:15.519 the Higgs boson. And so they had a thing called AMANDA, which is 604 00:52:15.519 --> 00:52:21.639 the Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detection Array. Wow. And it was this amazing 605 00:52:21.719 --> 00:52:27.639 thing. It was a three dimensional um I hope so lattice that they built 606 00:52:27.719 --> 00:52:30.199 into the ice. They sunk these huge, deep holes into the ice and 607 00:52:30.239 --> 00:52:35.800 then hung detectors like like Christmas lights on these long lines, and then they 608 00:52:35.840 --> 00:52:38.880 filled the holes back in and so it was this The ice was just this 609 00:52:39.000 --> 00:52:43.079 great medium to hold them. And at the South Pole, because of the 610 00:52:43.480 --> 00:52:47.880 magnetic field of the Earth is very weak there, it has the least distortion. 611 00:52:49.400 --> 00:52:52.320 And so that's what they were doing, is neutrino detection cool, Yeah, 612 00:52:52.400 --> 00:52:57.519 plus a lot easier to or a lot quicker to get to absolute zero. 613 00:52:57.960 --> 00:53:00.880 Yeah, it was you know that was the good thing is that even 614 00:53:00.920 --> 00:53:05.280 at the South Pole. Um. Yeah, they used liquid nitrogen and liquid 615 00:53:05.360 --> 00:53:07.920 hydrogen to cool the equipment and they had to fly that in on these big 616 00:53:07.960 --> 00:53:10.360 doors and a good friend of mine was in charge of that, and I 617 00:53:10.360 --> 00:53:15.679 think I have a video of me huffing a lot of liquid helium of the 618 00:53:15.760 --> 00:53:19.880 tanks. Cheese is it's you know, South Pole? What else are you 619 00:53:19.920 --> 00:53:27.199 gonna do? The problem with neutrinos is um do they have mass? That's 620 00:53:27.239 --> 00:53:34.320 what we are trying to figure out right now with with very delicate detection systems, 621 00:53:34.400 --> 00:53:40.000 and this the detection array, its job was to record the interaction of 622 00:53:40.039 --> 00:53:47.360 a neutrino impacting another particle and making the subsequent muans as a result, like 623 00:53:47.440 --> 00:53:51.239 that was I think it was muans as a result. But yeah, that's 624 00:53:51.239 --> 00:53:54.360 what they were trying to find is that neutrino impact, and every time they 625 00:53:54.360 --> 00:53:57.400 thought they had a hit, it was a big deal. Like they would 626 00:53:57.440 --> 00:54:00.079 everyone would collect in the galley and they're like, Okay, this is our 627 00:54:00.159 --> 00:54:04.039 data. Now we're gonna go over it, and they be like, nah, 628 00:54:05.000 --> 00:54:07.719 I feel I gotta. I feel like there's a part of me that 629 00:54:07.920 --> 00:54:10.079 while we're trying very hard to explain this, and I know that I understand 630 00:54:10.119 --> 00:54:14.320 it, and I feel like I'm almost certainly made mistakes explaining it. I 631 00:54:14.360 --> 00:54:17.239 feel like, man, we're gonna get wailed on with penalty boxes. I 632 00:54:17.239 --> 00:54:22.159 feel like we should declare ourselves immune. This episode just putting. I mean, 633 00:54:22.400 --> 00:54:25.239 it's a put it out there. It's an ig noble thought to be 634 00:54:25.320 --> 00:54:32.199 sure, but we we are definitely delving into new territory for for blurry photos. 635 00:54:32.280 --> 00:54:36.519 That's true. You know what, bring it, Bring it, punks, 636 00:54:36.719 --> 00:54:37.840 I'm not afraid of you. Don't. Don't bring it, Okay, 637 00:54:38.719 --> 00:54:44.639 let us try for for goodness sakes. Would you notice in the intro that 638 00:54:44.840 --> 00:54:52.159 he was being referred to Dave but his real name is David. What is 639 00:54:52.159 --> 00:54:55.960 that all you got? Sorry? Yeah, you know, I thought it 640 00:54:57.000 --> 00:55:00.039 would be a cool deviation from some of the Oh I love it, this 641 00:55:00.119 --> 00:55:04.159 is this is. This is the one of my favorites. If you guys 642 00:55:04.199 --> 00:55:09.280 like it, we can definitely do more. There's plenty of physics. But 643 00:55:09.639 --> 00:55:15.320 anyway, keep talking. There is not enough neutrinos out there to account for 644 00:55:15.360 --> 00:55:20.119 all the dark matter. That is one reason why they're probably not a good 645 00:55:20.159 --> 00:55:25.840 candidate to be dark matter. Plus they're probably too hot to even have have 646 00:55:27.000 --> 00:55:30.920 mass to to to be matter at all. Yeah, they they would need 647 00:55:30.960 --> 00:55:36.519 to condense first. They would need to get cooler condensed into something that was 648 00:55:36.559 --> 00:55:39.920 actually um that actually carried some weight and had some gravity to it, which 649 00:55:40.000 --> 00:55:46.280 leads us to axions. Yeah, which are hypothetical particles that are slow and 650 00:55:46.440 --> 00:55:52.360 cold enough. That solves the problem of the neutrinos. Uh. And they 651 00:55:52.480 --> 00:55:55.199 rarely interact with bariotic matter. That helps. That's a that's a point for 652 00:55:55.239 --> 00:56:00.840 them. Here's the problem. They haven't been directly observed yet. No, 653 00:56:01.159 --> 00:56:07.000 but there are some hard working mother hubbards in abandoned gold mines. Yeah, 654 00:56:07.280 --> 00:56:14.000 there's one in I think South Dakota, the Axion dark Matter Experiment where for 655 00:56:14.039 --> 00:56:17.320 some reason the X is capitalized. You got to their go great drinkers. 656 00:56:17.519 --> 00:56:22.000 They do kick flips on skateboards. They don't wear helmets. They don't care 657 00:56:22.039 --> 00:56:27.960 who they hurt, fluting themselves. But they they've been scanning for very particular 658 00:56:28.559 --> 00:56:31.679 mass ranges. They're like, you know, they scan nothing, how about 659 00:56:31.719 --> 00:56:36.840 now nothing? And they're they're just about to upgrade their their rig. They've 660 00:56:36.920 --> 00:56:38.960 like much like the South Pole, they have a problem. The colder their 661 00:56:39.000 --> 00:56:43.280 gear is, the faster it can work. And they're they're just about to 662 00:56:43.280 --> 00:56:45.840 set up a new refrigeration system, so they should really be able to rip 663 00:56:45.880 --> 00:56:47.280 through it. But yeah, they're doing a lot of great work on it. 664 00:56:47.360 --> 00:56:53.000 Sweet. So axions is knocking at the door, but we haven't let 665 00:56:53.079 --> 00:56:55.719 them in yet. That's right, you know, house is knocking on the 666 00:56:55.760 --> 00:57:05.679 door. Who wamp wample? Now there's two varieties. There's lat whimps WAPs 667 00:57:07.320 --> 00:57:17.400 growth good enough of your whimps, bab weekly interacting massive particles WYMP. These 668 00:57:17.400 --> 00:57:22.039 are clouds of particles that we have yet to explain, which do not react 669 00:57:22.159 --> 00:57:28.239 strongly to other particles, but when they encounter each other they annihilate and give 670 00:57:28.280 --> 00:57:35.079 off a gamma raise non baryonic, nonburionic. They're not directly observed, they've 671 00:57:35.119 --> 00:57:39.760 been hinted at in experiments, but there's no conclusive evidence yet, but this 672 00:57:39.800 --> 00:57:47.880 would be a huge cloud of particles that we can't that we don't have the 673 00:57:49.159 --> 00:57:52.840 capability to measure or see right now now. And here's the weird thing though, 674 00:57:53.440 --> 00:57:57.559 and I read this, uh in one of the papers, that was 675 00:57:58.000 --> 00:58:01.719 that when they're trying to herman um, you know, is this like a 676 00:58:01.840 --> 00:58:08.519 fine vapor that's out in the cosmos? Are they are their chunks, are 677 00:58:08.559 --> 00:58:14.280 their baseballs of this stuff floating around? And weirdly enough, there's a range 678 00:58:14.679 --> 00:58:17.119 and they've kind of mapped something out right, Yeah, and they they've found 679 00:58:17.159 --> 00:58:22.880 some indirect ways of kind of seeing approximately what it would look like um. 680 00:58:22.920 --> 00:58:27.000 For what they're looking for, like it has to be between A and B, 681 00:58:27.599 --> 00:58:31.800 where A is about fifty five grams and anything smaller than that, and 682 00:58:31.880 --> 00:58:35.639 apparently there was some sort of detector because they were they didn't go into digital 683 00:58:35.679 --> 00:58:40.719 on this on Skylab, which is late seventies anything smaller than that and Skylab 684 00:58:40.760 --> 00:58:46.199 would have detected it. And then on the upper end is like one hundred 685 00:58:46.679 --> 00:58:53.159 one one million, billion billion grams, so big stars, you know, 686 00:58:53.639 --> 00:59:00.480 because that doesn't come crashing into the system because of the very the very uh 687 00:59:00.519 --> 00:59:06.760 discernible effects of very immediate gravitational lensing of of of around an object. You 688 00:59:06.800 --> 00:59:09.039 know, you could determine the edges of it if it was bigger than that. 689 00:59:09.159 --> 00:59:14.880 So they actually have a range that they're that they're looking for. And 690 00:59:15.199 --> 00:59:20.000 I wonder, so these particles, they they they obviously they have to interact 691 00:59:20.079 --> 00:59:24.440 gravitationally, and they think that maybe there's some weak nuclear force going on. 692 00:59:25.400 --> 00:59:30.199 But I wonder, like, if you were in a starship riding through this, 693 00:59:30.800 --> 00:59:32.679 say it was all the size of volleyballs, I mean, do you 694 00:59:32.760 --> 00:59:37.599 hit it and it just it just flies apart because only only gravity, which 695 00:59:37.760 --> 00:59:45.639 is one of the weakest attractive forces, ironically is uh is when you compare 696 00:59:45.679 --> 00:59:51.039 it, you know, to some of the other electromagnetic yeah, some of 697 00:59:51.039 --> 00:59:53.639 the atomic uh you know, attractive strong forces or things like that. It's 698 00:59:53.639 --> 00:59:58.920 it's amazing. But if that's all it has going for it, it's kind 699 00:59:58.920 --> 01:00:01.280 of interesting. I don't know. That's that's another cool thing I read about 700 01:00:01.360 --> 01:00:05.599 ramps. Ramps, Well, what about on the other end of the spectrum 701 01:00:05.599 --> 01:00:10.679 and MACHOs macho, macho, that's right. I want to be. I 702 01:00:10.760 --> 01:00:17.400 wrung to be a macho man manstroman. I'm never gonna stop doing or something 703 01:00:17.440 --> 01:00:22.199 else. You can tell it's a good one because they make sure to say 704 01:00:22.199 --> 01:00:29.679 what I was doing. MACHOs are massive compact halo objects. Yeah, these 705 01:00:29.679 --> 01:00:36.239 are non luminous, massive objects. We're talking Jupiter size and up floating around. 706 01:00:36.719 --> 01:00:40.840 They're very dark. They could be brown dwarves, they could be neutron 707 01:00:42.000 --> 01:00:46.800 stars, they could be black holes that we just can't see with our instruments. 708 01:00:47.039 --> 01:00:53.760 But they definitely have an impact on gravity around the area. Gravitational impact. 709 01:00:54.360 --> 01:01:00.159 Right, they definitely bend yep spacetime light. They're no in those neighborhoods. 710 01:01:00.320 --> 01:01:05.880 Is ne'er do whales and miscreants. Uh, it's just it's it's a 711 01:01:05.880 --> 01:01:09.360 bunch of junk that's just floating out there, that's dark, that's black, 712 01:01:09.400 --> 01:01:15.840 that that we can't see. These are definitely tangible things and it's just that 713 01:01:15.920 --> 01:01:20.480 we can't see them, and we're kind of being silly thinking there's something other 714 01:01:20.519 --> 01:01:25.280 than that. Um. There was an interview just uh, just like within 715 01:01:25.320 --> 01:01:30.480 the last three days that I read, and it was about these different teams 716 01:01:30.639 --> 01:01:34.320 that were all looking for dark matter, but they were looking for different kinds 717 01:01:34.320 --> 01:01:37.880 of at different particles, and all of them they're like, you know, 718 01:01:37.360 --> 01:01:40.079 they were They were all really genial too. It's something they were like competing 719 01:01:40.159 --> 01:01:44.400 or anything. But they were like, you know, I gotta if I'm 720 01:01:44.400 --> 01:01:46.679 being totally honest, I don't think any of us are looking for the right 721 01:01:46.719 --> 01:01:50.760 thing. And they all were like, yeah, we kind of get that 722 01:01:50.800 --> 01:01:54.480 feeling too, But they have to check what they're checking. They have to 723 01:01:54.480 --> 01:01:58.760 be able to eliminate these options. They have to say, well, this 724 01:01:58.840 --> 01:02:00.480 is our best guests. We think it's whimp so we think it's axeons. 725 01:02:00.960 --> 01:02:04.159 So they're like, well, then we have to look for them. But 726 01:02:04.239 --> 01:02:07.039 these guys are like, we are looking for a solution in terms of things 727 01:02:07.039 --> 01:02:12.840 that we already understand, and they said they're they're like, we everyone thinks 728 01:02:12.880 --> 01:02:15.280 that when we finally get a hold of some of this stuff or able to 729 01:02:15.320 --> 01:02:19.719 really track it down, that it's going to blow our minds. That it's 730 01:02:19.719 --> 01:02:22.400 going to have interactions that we didn't even know were possible, particles that we 731 01:02:22.440 --> 01:02:27.239 don't have described or even have in our lexicon anywhere. He's like, you 732 01:02:27.280 --> 01:02:30.000 know, they're the universe doesn't have to play by the rules that work in 733 01:02:30.000 --> 01:02:34.400 this corner of things, and that's a really cool idea. I thought that 734 01:02:34.440 --> 01:02:37.519 even the scientists are like, well, we're looking and we hope to find 735 01:02:37.519 --> 01:02:39.639 them. It'd be great if if we could, if if we guessed right. 736 01:02:40.440 --> 01:02:45.760 But there's this kind of undercurrent that what they're really doing is just doing 737 01:02:45.199 --> 01:02:50.280 the due diligence. Go to college, try so they can scratch that off 738 01:02:50.320 --> 01:02:52.840 their list and say, Okay, what's the next idea of what it could 739 01:02:52.880 --> 01:02:57.480 be? Yeah, and I think that's great. That sounds like it leads 740 01:02:57.519 --> 01:03:01.039 to the next thing that I've got on my list. That dark matter is 741 01:03:01.039 --> 01:03:08.880 actually gravity from objects in another dimension. Whoa, and forgive me for waiting 742 01:03:08.920 --> 01:03:14.960 into this mire, but I'm going to go in because of dropma keys and 743 01:03:15.920 --> 01:03:22.119 we're gonna try it. This it's it's been proposed that spacetime exists, or 744 01:03:22.239 --> 01:03:31.199 rather appears four dimensional and nearly flat. This space time encompasses a membrane, 745 01:03:31.519 --> 01:03:37.679 which everybody just shortens to brain b R A n E. Okay. In 746 01:03:37.920 --> 01:03:44.280 looking for a single unified field theory or an m theory or a theory of 747 01:03:44.360 --> 01:03:53.000 everything, the thought that large extra dimensions may exist, especially when reconciling string 748 01:03:53.039 --> 01:03:59.239 theory. Right, stay with me now, our brain world. Just imagine 749 01:03:59.239 --> 01:04:02.159 a sheet of paper. Keep saying membrane world, even though they don't say 750 01:04:02.159 --> 01:04:05.679 that, because it sounds like you're trying to make it into somebody's thought idea. 751 01:04:05.800 --> 01:04:09.880 All right, our membrane world. Do you think of a sheet of 752 01:04:09.880 --> 01:04:14.119 paper. We're a dot on it. We're a doodle of dick butt, 753 01:04:15.239 --> 01:04:19.320 not even that not even that big, just like a pin dot. This 754 01:04:19.400 --> 01:04:24.199 is the the four dimensional space time that we occupy, right, Yeah, 755 01:04:24.800 --> 01:04:29.800 may have one or more shadow membranes nearby. That would be another piece of 756 01:04:29.840 --> 01:04:33.280 paper that you would put up next to it. Right, Since light does 757 01:04:33.320 --> 01:04:39.719 not propagate through the membranes, we can't observe that. We can't observe anything 758 01:04:39.760 --> 01:04:45.400 from this othern membrane, but gravity may propagate through. Oh so, so 759 01:04:45.440 --> 01:04:48.639 it's almost as though like if that piece of paper had a fold in it, 760 01:04:49.280 --> 01:04:53.559 that fold would be kind of yet pushed into the next piece of paper. 761 01:04:54.920 --> 01:05:00.039 More so, like if it had a massive dot on it, that 762 01:05:00.199 --> 01:05:06.039 the gravity from that massive dot, which would be anything a huge something with 763 01:05:06.119 --> 01:05:13.000 a lot of mass in our typical world, our typical universe that we think 764 01:05:13.119 --> 01:05:18.519 is is real, that the gravity would be so strong from that it would 765 01:05:18.599 --> 01:05:23.400 influence this whole other sheet of paper that we're on. I don't think that 766 01:05:23.400 --> 01:05:27.639 that's that that crazy. I don't either, but you know they have you 767 01:05:27.639 --> 01:05:33.480 know, an electron will a single electron will will interact with itself in every 768 01:05:33.480 --> 01:05:39.159 position it can be in. So so why not sure? I mean the 769 01:05:39.280 --> 01:05:42.760 thought that you know, gravity, like you said, gravity is one of 770 01:05:42.760 --> 01:05:46.360 the weaker of the fundamental forces. But to me, if that were the 771 01:05:46.440 --> 01:05:50.800 case, if it had you know, if it could exert itself through dimensions, 772 01:05:50.920 --> 01:05:56.840 that's pretty powerful and kind of a curveball. Well, you know, 773 01:05:57.239 --> 01:06:00.960 it's the same way. I think gravity is one of the weaker forces, 774 01:06:01.039 --> 01:06:06.000 but in the same way that water is soft. But you know, let's 775 01:06:06.000 --> 01:06:09.559 get off fortuno. You know water, roads, mountains, it cuts through 776 01:06:09.679 --> 01:06:13.119 rocks. Well yeah, you know, because it's it's intractable, you know, 777 01:06:13.159 --> 01:06:15.239 it just it just it doesn't stop. Yeah, So same thing with 778 01:06:15.280 --> 01:06:19.119 gravity. You know, if it's it's a weak force, but on these 779 01:06:19.239 --> 01:06:26.679 huge scales, well it don't quit. Gravity could move mountains, kill me 780 01:06:28.880 --> 01:06:33.760 anyway. That's you. You may have seen a show or a video or 781 01:06:33.800 --> 01:06:42.840 something lighters of someone you know which uh um. You may have seen a 782 01:06:42.920 --> 01:06:46.519 video of some somebody holding a bowling ball and putting it on a trampoline, 783 01:06:46.599 --> 01:06:50.280 like in the middle of the trampoline, and then that's them saying, this 784 01:06:50.400 --> 01:06:57.880 is a star. It's exerting. Uh, it's gravity and bending spacetime. 785 01:06:58.079 --> 01:07:00.719 The trampoline is spacetime. So then when they roll a marble around it, 786 01:07:00.440 --> 01:07:04.119 yeah, it gets a fact. It pulls it in a different direction from 787 01:07:04.119 --> 01:07:08.719 the straight line that you roll it in, and then it starts encircling the 788 01:07:08.960 --> 01:07:13.719 bowling ball. Blah blah blah. Well, just imagine that there is another 789 01:07:13.920 --> 01:07:17.239 trampling above the first tramp That's why I said, if there's a fold in 790 01:07:17.239 --> 01:07:20.000 the paper, I was thinking exactly of that, of that description. I 791 01:07:20.079 --> 01:07:21.960 was like, oh, so if this had a massive thing and it was 792 01:07:23.039 --> 01:07:26.599 pushing down, pushing could be pushing it, or it could be pulling it 793 01:07:26.679 --> 01:07:29.800 from you know, from the bottom or whatever. You know. I don't 794 01:07:29.840 --> 01:07:32.880 know where the papers at four dimensional, but but you know, I can 795 01:07:33.000 --> 01:07:36.519 you know, why why the hell not there is There is no question that 796 01:07:36.519 --> 01:07:41.639 there are a huge amount of things. It's not like we have all the 797 01:07:41.679 --> 01:07:45.239 basic building blocks right now and the Lego kit and are just waiting to build 798 01:07:45.239 --> 01:07:48.559 the dragon, right That's not the case. There are so many more things 799 01:07:48.559 --> 01:07:55.639 that we have no concept of. We have a very limited understanding of physics 800 01:07:55.639 --> 01:07:58.239 on that scale, right, And that's what I love about this, Like 801 01:07:58.840 --> 01:08:03.079 dark energy is like this huge warning that there is a lot we don't know, 802 01:08:03.440 --> 01:08:08.679 and that that that it's it's it's inescapably there. We know it's there, 803 01:08:08.679 --> 01:08:12.280 but we can't explain it. And I think that's perfect. That's exactly 804 01:08:12.320 --> 01:08:15.599 what people need. You said dark energy, did you mean dark matter? 805 01:08:15.840 --> 01:08:18.479 What's the death? And for that example, I meant both ways. There's 806 01:08:18.520 --> 01:08:23.720 there's this there's this stuff out there that is acting and doing and being acted 807 01:08:23.800 --> 01:08:28.920 upon and that we can't explain. That's that's enough to affect galaxies. Yeah, 808 01:08:28.960 --> 01:08:31.880 that is huge and important and and that's the thing, that's the best 809 01:08:31.920 --> 01:08:38.159 part. It's ninety five percent of the fucking universe. Yeah, it's it's 810 01:08:38.239 --> 01:08:42.600 not like some tiny, weird minute detail. We yea. It is the 811 01:08:42.760 --> 01:08:47.560 foundation of how everything else is happening and knowing what it what it is. 812 01:08:47.560 --> 01:08:51.760 This is the search for what it is, knowing what it is, figuring 813 01:08:51.760 --> 01:08:57.000 it out. I mean that that just it gives us a little piece of 814 01:08:57.000 --> 01:09:00.920 our five percent back. And I think that you know, Ultimately, it 815 01:09:00.039 --> 01:09:05.560 helps predict things that that we would otherwise have no idea about it would It 816 01:09:05.640 --> 01:09:12.279 helps understand how we fit in with with things. To me, that's yeah, 817 01:09:12.560 --> 01:09:16.720 that's worth something. Yeah. I think there's nothing better than a humbling 818 01:09:16.800 --> 01:09:20.760 mystery to find out that there's something that's so fundamental to everything and we don't 819 01:09:20.840 --> 01:09:26.159 we don't have clue one. I think that's great. And it also, 820 01:09:26.279 --> 01:09:31.640 you know, it seems at first a little overwhelming and sad and lonely that 821 01:09:31.640 --> 01:09:35.600 that we're only part of five percent of the universe. But at the same 822 01:09:35.640 --> 01:09:42.119 time, miss Preti spatial, Hey, look who's unique. Here's every emen 823 01:09:43.119 --> 01:09:48.840 So think it's ribbon everybody, everyone, All baryonic based entities get a ribbon. 824 01:09:50.439 --> 01:09:55.520 Oh anyway, so yeah, there, there you go. That's our 825 01:09:55.520 --> 01:10:02.000 first foray into darkness and uh the farti darkness. That's dark matter in a 826 01:10:02.119 --> 01:10:12.520 huge, hyper massive hty gravitationally lensing, light bending nutshell. And now it's 827 01:10:12.560 --> 01:10:17.960 time to fly straight into the black hole. That's right, or Maximilian the 828 01:10:18.039 --> 01:10:25.039 robot has human eyes. Please anyone who got that reference you are my favorite 829 01:10:25.039 --> 01:10:28.039 people. And if you didn't, it's not too late. But I ain't 830 01:10:28.079 --> 01:10:34.079 gonna tell you where it's from. Yep, it's time to breach the singularity 831 01:10:34.159 --> 01:10:47.680 that is space flora you start, Okay, that's that's what I'm like thinking. 832 01:10:48.279 --> 01:10:58.479 How about a massive object that somehow exerts force on probably pop culture? 833 01:10:59.039 --> 01:11:04.279 Oh really, Arc Shatner? Oh nice, I love Shatner. Oh I'm 834 01:11:04.279 --> 01:11:11.079 not going to get an impersonation here. Struck it out on that one. 835 01:11:11.680 --> 01:11:15.039 All right. How about how about this I'm in the pun zone, dude, 836 01:11:15.159 --> 01:11:19.079 Okay, very focused. I can't be detected, alright. I neither 837 01:11:19.119 --> 01:11:26.359 admit, absorb, nor reflect. Like it's a bad Shatner. But then 838 01:11:26.399 --> 01:11:30.439 again, that's all I wanted something. Um. Okay, did you hear 839 01:11:31.239 --> 01:11:36.680 that? Um? There are actually organisms? I mean that are They're composed 840 01:11:36.720 --> 01:11:41.560 of dark matter? Really yep? And um they're They're just like us. 841 01:11:41.560 --> 01:11:45.079 They have hopes wing the dreams and I don't have wings. They have wings? 842 01:11:45.119 --> 01:11:47.359 They do? They have aspirations? Are the angels? Um? No? 843 01:11:47.840 --> 01:11:53.119 But um. At one point in their history one of their test pilots 844 01:11:53.479 --> 01:11:59.319 was badly horribly injured the Russians. No, and uh, he was thrown 845 01:11:59.319 --> 01:12:03.239 out of the aircraft of the test vehicle. But I mean limbs lost wow. 846 01:12:03.800 --> 01:12:09.359 But they decided, what if we use these other particles. He's extraordinarily 847 01:12:09.479 --> 01:12:12.880 rare. Did you know the only only five percent of the universe has these 848 01:12:12.920 --> 01:12:16.399 particles. They use them to rebuild him better, faster, stronger. Cost 849 01:12:16.439 --> 01:12:29.720 them six million dollars. Yeah, they made him the baryonic man Lee Majors 850 01:12:30.039 --> 01:12:38.479 is. Yeah, man, I have a theory for for that bending and 851 01:12:38.600 --> 01:12:42.319 warping and that heavy force in your gut. Oh God, don't I know 852 01:12:42.439 --> 01:12:44.880 it? You know what? You know what it could be? It could 853 01:12:44.920 --> 01:12:50.880 be one of two things. What shrimps and nachos ah truth both at the 854 01:12:50.880 --> 01:12:58.760 same time. Even Oh, you know, there's another sum topic particle that 855 01:12:58.920 --> 01:13:02.279 is um very low notebic doesn't really move fast at all. But scientists have 856 01:13:02.319 --> 01:13:08.039 been trying to collect these particles because they're just so good when you spread them 857 01:13:08.079 --> 01:13:16.039 on toasts new tellos delicious. Yeah, yeah, very very delicate instruments to 858 01:13:16.119 --> 01:13:24.600 catch it. That's right, life and toast a big old spoons puns. 859 01:13:24.960 --> 01:13:28.439 You're welcome, America. I've been telling you this for months, Dave. 860 01:13:30.479 --> 01:13:33.079 Now, with the help of the scientists of the world, we shall attempt 861 01:13:33.079 --> 01:13:39.079 to delve into something so strange, so poorly understood that we don't even have 862 01:13:39.119 --> 01:13:43.079 the foundational theories to describe it. We barely have a term for it. 863 01:13:43.920 --> 01:13:49.840 Some call it was sitka. The ancient Vedics called it me wow. We 864 01:13:50.720 --> 01:14:05.880 scientists can only call it listener. I thought that the Vedics were giant cats, 865 01:14:05.960 --> 01:14:11.720 right all right, straight out of the mail bag. Oh God, 866 01:14:12.159 --> 01:14:16.119 you reach in and just fifteen green tentacles grab your hand and you start hearing 867 01:14:16.239 --> 01:14:21.600 the mnemonic kiss of madness build in your mind. They just let go. 868 01:14:23.399 --> 01:14:32.199 I'm like, maybe later because Fulu hungers Flulu or flu not to get ken 869 01:14:32.239 --> 01:14:36.399 in here for this like Cthulhu hungers Wow. Wow, Yeah, that's right. 870 01:14:36.520 --> 01:14:42.800 They thought the idea it's writing in. Yes, the concept the hunger 871 01:14:42.840 --> 01:14:48.159 of Cthulu has voice geez I mean and ears beyond all comprehensions. True, 872 01:14:48.239 --> 01:14:53.000 that makes sense. It hits us with this first time rider, longtime listener, 873 01:14:53.079 --> 01:14:57.119 Hi, thank yeah. Did you know there's a little known fact that 874 01:14:57.760 --> 01:15:01.119 Diggie Toots hit single slender Man in Black, which accompanied the movie at the 875 01:15:01.159 --> 01:15:04.520 same name, was actually ripped off from a great nineteen eighty two single by 876 01:15:04.600 --> 01:15:13.239 Raspute and Sharimi featuring Richard Nixon. It was called sending Bohemians to grab grass. 877 01:15:15.119 --> 01:15:18.520 Well, yeah, i'd listen to it. Yeah, I want to 878 01:15:18.520 --> 01:15:23.399 listen to some Nicks and some Nixon tracks that arrow hit many targets. Oh 879 01:15:23.479 --> 01:15:30.439 yeah, also which in this makes perfectly good sense, Cathulu Hunger has requests 880 01:15:30.439 --> 01:15:35.279 some HP Lovecraft, and I think for that one might just turn your mind 881 01:15:35.399 --> 01:15:42.479 back to our amazing two parter with the ignominious Kenneth Height. Ever heard them? 882 01:15:42.560 --> 01:15:45.560 Yeah, nothing, nothing but nothing. But I almost suspect that you've 883 01:15:45.560 --> 01:15:51.039 heard this before, so maybe I'm not understanding that. Ah Um also has 884 01:15:51.079 --> 01:15:56.479 some ideas for some show topics that we have discussed, and and and maybe 885 01:15:56.479 --> 01:16:00.319 a little too quickly just thrown out with the bathwater. So we'll go over 886 01:16:00.359 --> 01:16:04.159 it. Well, we're willing to revisit our ideas. Oh always. Indeed, 887 01:16:04.479 --> 01:16:08.359 thank you very much, Cathulu Hungers, and thank you for leaving me 888 01:16:08.439 --> 01:16:12.239 my mind somewhat intact. Sure, I mean, I hear the voices, 889 01:16:12.279 --> 01:16:17.800 I see the shadow spiders, but I just ye talking up to getting older. 890 01:16:19.079 --> 01:16:23.600 Yeah, that's the crush of insanity for you. Floor. What do 891 01:16:23.600 --> 01:16:29.560 you got all right? Heard from listener, longtime listener Jeff Oh, Hello, 892 01:16:29.640 --> 01:16:33.600 Jeff, Hello, Jeff. Jeff actually writes in with a little little 893 01:16:33.600 --> 01:16:38.560 bit of a short story. Oh really, food out there for Halloween. 894 01:16:39.880 --> 01:16:43.880 We're of course a little late on getting to it for Halloween. But you 895 01:16:43.920 --> 01:16:46.119 know, the spook never stops here, never spook. Spooks don't quit. 896 01:16:46.520 --> 01:16:49.800 Spook don't quit. Spook keeps going. Spook don't quit. This one no 897 01:16:49.880 --> 01:16:56.600 vegibi, so uh oh say safe to read. But he sends us a 898 01:16:56.640 --> 01:16:59.840 ghost story for Halloween. It was based on a personal story of his. 899 01:17:00.840 --> 01:17:08.319 But it's in short story form. How short? Yeah? What are you 900 01:17:08.359 --> 01:17:12.920 signing me up for here? Brother? I proposed this. If you've got 901 01:17:12.920 --> 01:17:15.720 a short story, yo, I'll solve it. Check out my beat while 902 01:17:15.760 --> 01:17:20.239 my DJ revolves it. Short story babying ing ing ing ing ing. If 903 01:17:20.279 --> 01:17:24.560 you've got one that you'd like us to throw in there, and you know 904 01:17:24.640 --> 01:17:27.560 the length that we're talking about, you've listened to enough of our ghost stories. 905 01:17:27.640 --> 01:17:30.319 Yeah, the length is called short. The length is short and super 906 01:17:30.359 --> 01:17:34.720 short. We want Hoku's motherfucker, and we're aiming for PG. Thirteen of 907 01:17:34.760 --> 01:17:38.720 course with them. But if you want to do that, we might put 908 01:17:38.720 --> 01:17:43.439 together a supplemental episode and throw that out there and maybe that's a fun thing 909 01:17:43.479 --> 01:17:46.800 to do for Yule because we didn't do ghost stories last Yule. That's right 910 01:17:46.880 --> 01:17:51.680 as we Oh, listener ghost stories? Yeah, why not listener ghost stories? 911 01:17:53.000 --> 01:17:58.720 Yeah, and scaring the presents right out of your stocking. Stocking is 912 01:17:58.760 --> 01:18:01.079 your butt in the presents are And we'll we'll get to we'll get to that. 913 01:18:01.119 --> 01:18:03.960 Well, we'll read we'll read them on on there. We'll may do 914 01:18:04.000 --> 01:18:09.760 a oh yeah, it's speciale and a little shorter episode maybe a supplemental type 915 01:18:10.760 --> 01:18:14.920 thing of me jig. But you know, for a Christmas holiday, Yeah, 916 01:18:15.079 --> 01:18:17.479 for for Chrismus. Oh, it's coming up, everybody, Saturn, 917 01:18:17.800 --> 01:18:24.319 Nilia, dude, guys, smiss is coming. But Jeff does how you 918 01:18:24.399 --> 01:18:28.600 like? I'm not gonna tell you what you're mean. It's America. You 919 01:18:28.600 --> 01:18:30.399 could you could throw an X in there and put it on cards at that 920 01:18:30.479 --> 01:18:38.640 point, maybe that's something we can put in the store. You're one stop 921 01:18:38.680 --> 01:18:45.399 supply shop for SMIs presents. You're only stop supply. Jeff does wish all 922 01:18:45.640 --> 01:18:50.079 uh our glaucoma patients a happy Halloween, and that's what he's calling blurry photos. 923 01:18:50.079 --> 01:18:55.000 Listeners. Oh I like that. Glaucoma pae also implies that they're high. 924 01:18:55.000 --> 01:18:59.239 Maybe so maybe no, Uh yeah, Jeff, we still got this 925 01:18:59.279 --> 01:19:01.319 here. We're gonna see if we get any more and then we'll throw them 926 01:19:01.359 --> 01:19:05.920 all on the bonfire and toast some marshmallows around it and get nick and probably 927 01:19:06.640 --> 01:19:13.359 but just no, we've we've got that fire sparked. Thank you for tank 928 01:19:13.439 --> 01:19:21.199 kiss her Wow you wow. Oh we got an email from Taper. Oh 929 01:19:21.279 --> 01:19:27.720 hot Taper. Hello. Taper hits us with this. Uh he really enjoyed 930 01:19:27.720 --> 01:19:30.039 blurry Fotober. At the point he wrote this, it was an ongoing thing. 931 01:19:30.039 --> 01:19:33.319 So I'm putting the past tense in for him. And he has to 932 01:19:33.359 --> 01:19:39.039 point out an interesting error that is not a penalty box. Oh wow, 933 01:19:39.600 --> 01:19:42.199 it's just something that he's aware of it. I can see how this would 934 01:19:42.199 --> 01:19:45.880 be like a this is this is like no one at the end of me 935 01:19:45.920 --> 01:19:47.039 reading this is going to be thankful for this, because it's like a little 936 01:19:47.079 --> 01:19:49.640 splinter that you have to carry for the rest of your life. Yeah, 937 01:19:49.680 --> 01:19:54.279 but you know, we're a community and if one of us has mouth herpies, 938 01:19:54.359 --> 01:19:58.520 let's all get it in the most fun possible way. Okay, do 939 01:19:58.600 --> 01:20:00.840 you like where I went with that? Our eagle sound which we will never 940 01:20:00.840 --> 01:20:05.640 stop using. Sure, it is not the screech of an eagle, it's 941 01:20:05.680 --> 01:20:10.640 the screech of a red tailed hawk. Now, the media has been lying. 942 01:20:10.880 --> 01:20:14.600 Media has been lying you for years about this, movies to TV. 943 01:20:14.640 --> 01:20:16.159 I'm gonna read the rest of this like Alice Jones. Okay, seriously, 944 01:20:16.199 --> 01:20:19.680 in movies and TV, whenever there's an eagle sound effect, here's a cry 945 01:20:19.680 --> 01:20:25.600 of a red tailed hawk. I wish that he had a big like weird 946 01:20:25.760 --> 01:20:31.279 old Texan man as a as a sidekick Hall because it sounds so much more 947 01:20:31.399 --> 01:20:40.800 Badassah Leicester, do you just stroke out? No, he's just so mad 948 01:20:40.840 --> 01:20:46.159 at Liberty's dying. Yeah. So even the sound effects library is lying to 949 01:20:46.239 --> 01:20:50.439 us. It's an example of the coconut effect, when it completely fake sounds 950 01:20:51.079 --> 01:20:56.560 or visual effect has used so often the media that the real thing doesn't even 951 01:20:56.600 --> 01:21:01.720 sound right like coconuts banging always sound like cor horse hoofs um or. Common 952 01:21:01.760 --> 01:21:09.079 examples include owls making loud wing flap noises which they don't loud, BP computer 953 01:21:09.199 --> 01:21:13.520 sounds, CGI shots with lens flap. That's true on TV shows when you 954 01:21:13.560 --> 01:21:20.399 type it's all like that never happens, or like um when people hang up 955 01:21:20.399 --> 01:21:26.079 in movies and it goes straight to It's like, well I er dial tout 956 01:21:26.159 --> 01:21:30.239 instantly. That doesn't happen, and people still to this day occasionally this is 957 01:21:30.279 --> 01:21:34.600 a holdover from like the fifties where they tap the thing a few times and 958 01:21:34.600 --> 01:21:39.600 go hello, tap tap tap tap tap. That is in my whole lifetime. 959 01:21:39.760 --> 01:21:44.239 I've never done anything for anyone it has hung up. Yeah, but 960 01:21:44.680 --> 01:21:48.319 he also includes some links to real eagle cries, which is great, and 961 01:21:48.399 --> 01:21:53.479 the red red tailed huk for comparison. Uh huhs just so we know which 962 01:21:53.520 --> 01:22:00.840 is awesome. That's a good hey after school special sound boy. Getting my 963 01:22:00.880 --> 01:22:03.840 smiles out of that one. Well, well, I'm just saying it's and 964 01:22:04.359 --> 01:22:09.159 it's worth it. We're learning here. I've got to tell you. It's 965 01:22:09.159 --> 01:22:17.479 a before school sounds whist. Y'all got shamalan, y'all got redtailed hawked. 966 01:22:18.399 --> 01:22:21.520 Um. He doesn't think anything can be done to fix it. I agree, 967 01:22:21.600 --> 01:22:25.920 Well, they're never gonna come around to it. Don't don't hate me 968 01:22:26.119 --> 01:22:30.560 for this. I knew it because the sound effect actually is labeled hawk screech. 969 01:22:31.439 --> 01:22:35.239 But it just sounds so good. It sounds like freedom to me. 970 01:22:35.279 --> 01:22:40.520 You're a part of the industrial complex that's keeping the Redtailed Hawk down. You 971 01:22:40.600 --> 01:22:43.239 knew what it was, and you lied to me, Flora, you lied 972 01:22:43.279 --> 01:22:45.680 to him. I could have blown the whistle, you could have blown the 973 01:22:45.720 --> 01:22:48.880 lid off of it, and the loop didn't and you didn't. I'll live 974 01:22:48.920 --> 01:22:51.840 with this. Give me give me back that water filter. I'll just give 975 01:22:51.880 --> 01:22:56.960 it back. No, I've got bad My family needs it. I love 976 01:22:57.039 --> 01:23:01.239 them. You need it for the FEMA camp. Oh man, um, 977 01:23:01.840 --> 01:23:06.680 how about this? He could rule it evidence of him mundane superpower and eagle 978 01:23:06.760 --> 01:23:14.439 with the uncanny ability to flawlessly imitator redtail Hawk. Oh pretty awesome. Wow, 979 01:23:14.800 --> 01:23:16.880 that's what we'll That's that's how we'll. Yeah, that's how we'll do 980 01:23:16.920 --> 01:23:28.439 it. Thank you, Taper. Is there a truck backing up? Is 981 01:23:28.520 --> 01:23:30.880 my heart rate gonna drop? Am I gonna do it? Is because it's 982 01:23:30.920 --> 01:23:39.199 time for ECG bird? Oh yeah, I said. He enjoyed the Civil 983 01:23:39.279 --> 01:23:44.359 War episode and the Badgers, which is, by the way, the best 984 01:23:44.359 --> 01:23:46.159 sound to scare somebody. If you lunge at someone from around a corner, 985 01:23:46.520 --> 01:23:51.119 hide under a boat a hamburg. I'm sure really that sound really scares him. 986 01:23:51.119 --> 01:23:56.279 When you lunge around a corner. Yeah, that's the sadum that really 987 01:23:56.279 --> 01:24:00.680 sells it. I use the bag I use the badger sound to scare Greg 988 01:24:00.680 --> 01:24:04.880 back like crazy. He's like a ten percent badger sound and he's like you 989 01:24:04.920 --> 01:24:08.960 need Yeah, of course you were around the corner in the dark too. 990 01:24:09.000 --> 01:24:15.800 Well, that's proof of my concept. Ecg Bert writes in with with some 991 01:24:15.840 --> 01:24:21.479 cool stuff, including suggestions which we appreciate, love them, and also regarding 992 01:24:21.560 --> 01:24:27.880 lucid dreaming, he's done it on occasion, though it's usually not been as 993 01:24:27.880 --> 01:24:31.560 exciting as it sounds. He says he's found himself walking around some empty offices 994 01:24:31.600 --> 01:24:40.159 and sneaking around a pickle factory, for instance, paging doctor Freud. He 995 01:24:40.199 --> 01:24:46.239 says he has had c X but ended up breaking something which was rather alarming. 996 01:24:46.640 --> 01:24:51.920 Now by something, do you a pickle jar or a pickle? Yeah, 997 01:24:53.000 --> 01:24:56.359 what do you mean? Breaks up? Anyway? Hearts? Oh, 998 01:24:56.399 --> 01:25:00.119 we can go with hearts, but anyway. Just a week ago, he 999 01:25:00.119 --> 01:25:04.880 said he flew for the first time in the dream. It was an awesome 1000 01:25:04.880 --> 01:25:09.279 experience. He had his hands at his sides and he sped through the air 1001 01:25:09.319 --> 01:25:14.119 like a bullet rocketeer style. Yeah, though with complete sense of control. 1002 01:25:15.119 --> 01:25:16.600 So it's like he had the helmet on, and he said it felt so 1003 01:25:16.680 --> 01:25:21.000 real he could actually hear and feel the air rushing past his ears. Isn't 1004 01:25:21.000 --> 01:25:28.079 that crazy? How how dreams will Yeah, the sensory memory will will really 1005 01:25:28.119 --> 01:25:30.199 spring up and dreams like that. And I've I've had some of that recently 1006 01:25:30.239 --> 01:25:39.520 too. Um. Yeah, that's what I was reading. It says as 1007 01:25:39.520 --> 01:25:42.439 to what the other dreams say about the state of my mind, Please don't 1008 01:25:42.439 --> 01:25:51.720 bring forward into it late a bitch. Oh, sometimes sometimes we don't play 1009 01:25:51.720 --> 01:25:56.279 on a lot of stuff. I had a dream my job is that a 1010 01:25:56.319 --> 01:25:59.600 hot dog factory, and I had to lick all the mustard off the hot 1011 01:25:59.680 --> 01:26:05.119 dog. I don't know what it means. Uh. He also doesn't mind 1012 01:26:05.119 --> 01:26:15.520 our English accents off. Thank you real thanks brother. Um. He says 1013 01:26:15.600 --> 01:26:18.640 he's punishingly bad at puns, so he won't attempt any, just in case 1014 01:26:18.680 --> 01:26:25.159 we want to punch him for making us endure them, you know. Um. 1015 01:26:25.159 --> 01:26:28.880 It was recently pointed out to me with no small amount of disgust. 1016 01:26:30.119 --> 01:26:34.159 I was sitting on the sofa and I was texting you, and my friend 1017 01:26:34.239 --> 01:26:40.880 leans over and goes, Honestly, you guys text each other in accents, 1018 01:26:42.159 --> 01:26:45.479 and I was like, yeah, she was just like, dear god, 1019 01:26:45.359 --> 01:26:49.399 okay, and we did. We were we were in the midst of like 1020 01:26:49.520 --> 01:26:58.239 the worst Cockney text. Yeah, it's fun. Oh, thank you, 1021 01:26:58.279 --> 01:27:04.800 Ecge and thanks thank you sir. We got an email from the bombardier. 1022 01:27:09.319 --> 01:27:12.680 That's funny because I thought of that. But I've also thought that he's a 1023 01:27:12.720 --> 01:27:19.279 Mexican wrestler. It'dier. I don't need to get going either way. I 1024 01:27:19.319 --> 01:27:25.880 don't. I always thought a really great name for a Mexican wrestler was Bob 1025 01:27:26.199 --> 01:27:29.319 L. Bombastino. And that might be because at some point I saw a 1026 01:27:29.359 --> 01:27:32.800 Mexican wrestler with that name. But in my mind, that's the penultimate Mexican 1027 01:27:32.840 --> 01:27:40.399 wrestler. It'll bombast no ill ill. I don't know anything, so I'm 1028 01:27:40.439 --> 01:27:44.479 sure whatever I said, uh, he hits it with this. The episode 1029 01:27:44.479 --> 01:27:46.880 in the Civil War Ghost was beyond argument, our best production yet. Wow. 1030 01:27:47.079 --> 01:27:49.399 See this is all for you, Flora. You did this. The 1031 01:27:49.520 --> 01:27:55.560 quality of the writing, what the research, Okay, we're evident, and 1032 01:27:55.600 --> 01:28:00.359 as well as the sound editing. Thank you did you write this and sent 1033 01:28:00.479 --> 01:28:08.840 it in? Yes? I can't fool you. Bommadeer lives near Gettysburg and 1034 01:28:08.920 --> 01:28:14.079 he visited the battlefields and memorial several times. Never been a Civil War buff 1035 01:28:14.239 --> 01:28:16.560 himself, but his parents and grandparents were interested in so they heard plenties heard 1036 01:28:16.560 --> 01:28:20.880 plenty of stories about it, but they were always about the strategies and the 1037 01:28:20.880 --> 01:28:26.680 politics and the technology that was used at the time. But he really liked 1038 01:28:26.720 --> 01:28:31.840 the stories and testimonials and quotes and everything, and then you know, filtered 1039 01:28:31.880 --> 01:28:35.159 in with the ghost stories. He really liked that and he thought that it 1040 01:28:35.199 --> 01:28:38.880 was a really cool way to do it, and he really enjoyed it. 1041 01:28:39.039 --> 01:28:42.119 I thought it would have been horrifying with or without the ghosts, because it 1042 01:28:42.239 --> 01:28:45.399 was. It was an awful thing. I'm not sure that our signature brand 1043 01:28:45.399 --> 01:28:49.479 of humor added anything to the episode, but also didn't detract. So I'll 1044 01:28:49.520 --> 01:28:53.159 take a wash on that. That's a push. We'll lead those chips on 1045 01:28:53.159 --> 01:28:57.199 the table for the next time, and maybe we would all right, And 1046 01:28:57.520 --> 01:29:00.199 the satire of the Civil War documentary was spot on, So thank you very 1047 01:29:00.239 --> 01:29:05.760 much, Bombardier. Yeah, I'm glad people like that. I really was. 1048 01:29:05.840 --> 01:29:08.880 It was a it was a swing for the fences, I think, 1049 01:29:09.079 --> 01:29:12.079 yeah, and a hit. Well. We brought a lot of runners home. 1050 01:29:12.359 --> 01:29:16.680 Yeah, yeah, game's not over yet. Yeah, thanks for writing 1051 01:29:16.680 --> 01:29:21.119 in, and we we have one more. Uh, we we do have 1052 01:29:21.159 --> 01:29:26.159 some that uh you know, we've we're gonna get to We've we've mentioned this 1053 01:29:26.199 --> 01:29:30.640 before, but we've come to a point at which and thankfully don't stop. 1054 01:29:30.840 --> 01:29:34.920 But we get more emails each week than we could conceivably get through in an 1055 01:29:34.960 --> 01:29:40.319 episode that lasted less than three hours. So so we catch up per episode 1056 01:29:40.319 --> 01:29:43.680 as much as we can, and then we then we really clean out the 1057 01:29:43.960 --> 01:29:46.800 mailbox with the supplementals. So that's kind of that's going to be our our 1058 01:29:47.520 --> 01:29:49.640 back. Yeah, that's kind of how we do that. So I know 1059 01:29:49.680 --> 01:29:53.720 sometimes that means it takes a while, and I'm sorry about that, but 1060 01:29:54.119 --> 01:29:57.159 we're also not going to be like, well, there's a lot of them, 1061 01:29:57.159 --> 01:29:59.800 So now we'll just read two at random, you know, right. 1062 01:30:00.079 --> 01:30:01.119 Yeah, you guys take the time to write, and we love it, 1063 01:30:01.159 --> 01:30:04.640 and so you deserved it to have that dealt with properly. So yeah, 1064 01:30:04.680 --> 01:30:11.399 so next time we'll hear from Patty, oh furniture, do you get it? 1065 01:30:12.039 --> 01:30:19.319 Do you get it? We'll hear something from Connor Smithing wid Ironicus has 1066 01:30:19.399 --> 01:30:24.039 written a game. Yeah, so so we'll keep plugging through. We got 1067 01:30:24.039 --> 01:30:30.560 one more here from Debuira wouldn't talk to the signing, And actually it's it's 1068 01:30:30.560 --> 01:30:39.239 funny because he was asking about the al faka really yeah, because we the 1069 01:30:39.279 --> 01:30:44.319 way we were saying it, you can't really spell it, I was. 1070 01:30:44.840 --> 01:30:50.960 I mean, we said it every way it could be said. So um. 1071 01:30:51.000 --> 01:30:58.479 I actually I actually wrote back to I'm probably murdering his name. I'm 1072 01:30:58.560 --> 01:31:04.960 terrible, but wrote back and provided the spelling and stuff. And he actually 1073 01:31:05.520 --> 01:31:12.319 wrote wrote some really cool information, oh sweet back, including some info about 1074 01:31:12.520 --> 01:31:19.000 Slenderman, because we we mentioned the grossman, yeah in in the Slenderman episode. 1075 01:31:19.079 --> 01:31:24.239 And uh. He says he can tell us that he's never heard of 1076 01:31:24.600 --> 01:31:29.720 anything like that before the Slender craze. And the name itself seems a bit 1077 01:31:29.760 --> 01:31:34.279 fishy to him because it sounds too much like a literal translation of tall Man 1078 01:31:34.680 --> 01:31:39.680 into German. Oh and he says, if it was a genuine German folklore 1079 01:31:39.840 --> 01:31:44.560 name, he thinks it would have been Langeman, which I think means the 1080 01:31:44.760 --> 01:31:47.239 long man. Well, yeah, um, that's what I got from it. 1081 01:31:47.600 --> 01:31:51.640 And he says, Grossman simply sounds awkward, and I think it even 1082 01:31:53.000 --> 01:31:58.319 I think it even does literally translate into like great man. Yeah, somebody 1083 01:31:58.359 --> 01:32:01.000 who didn't know trying to make Yeah, that's cool. I like that. 1084 01:32:01.039 --> 01:32:04.319 Thanks for pointing that out. I think I like it when people are are 1085 01:32:04.439 --> 01:32:10.920 as uh, paying attention to syntax and word usage matters. And it's a 1086 01:32:10.920 --> 01:32:15.680 good way to smell a rat. And yeah, and I love that. 1087 01:32:15.840 --> 01:32:19.000 And and please, you know, to our foreign listeners, whom we love 1088 01:32:19.199 --> 01:32:24.199 dearly. Uh, if if we, you know, get anything wrong with 1089 01:32:24.279 --> 01:32:28.560 something that you know about, please please let us know that offer does not 1090 01:32:28.600 --> 01:32:35.600 extend to accents. We're gonna get those rats. That's intrinsically wrong. When 1091 01:32:35.640 --> 01:32:40.760 I wrote to him about the alp, haca made a lot more sense to 1092 01:32:40.840 --> 01:32:45.039 him, But he says he never would have thought of that entity in relation 1093 01:32:45.079 --> 01:32:47.920 to hellhounds, which is interesting. He says to him, it's more akin 1094 01:32:48.000 --> 01:32:54.079 to the alp or in certain versions alike anthrap or like a werewolf or something. 1095 01:32:54.279 --> 01:32:58.920 I think we mentioned alps in one of our episodes. Was it the 1096 01:32:58.960 --> 01:33:01.800 Fairies? Wouldn't No, No, it was the fair Point Bullstone. We 1097 01:33:01.880 --> 01:33:15.680 talked about alph a lot another various help help various Melmackians. It's just right. 1098 01:33:15.600 --> 01:33:20.079 They all just ruining old teapot. That's uh, it's it's very interesting 1099 01:33:20.119 --> 01:33:25.840 too because in the research it mentioned that it was a shape shifter and and 1100 01:33:25.920 --> 01:33:29.560 a lot of times it appeared as you know, this dog that would jump 1101 01:33:29.560 --> 01:33:32.039 on people. But it sounds like in reality it's more of a shape shifter 1102 01:33:32.159 --> 01:33:36.920 than yeah, than what that we were like to leave. But and he 1103 01:33:36.960 --> 01:33:42.119 says, there's a local variation of the myth right proper remis Lupin that tells 1104 01:33:42.159 --> 01:33:47.000 of a creature named boxon Wolf that was clad in a wolf's pelt and jumped 1105 01:33:47.039 --> 01:33:51.600 onto people's backs that traveled through the forest at night. He would let his 1106 01:33:51.680 --> 01:33:55.920 victim carry him for a short time and then jump off again and vanish into 1107 01:33:55.960 --> 01:34:00.000 the forest. And the story goes at one time the boxing wolf actually got 1108 01:34:00.079 --> 01:34:03.720 caught, I guess, being on someone's back and received a severe beating from 1109 01:34:03.720 --> 01:34:09.880 the local smith. The smith was very surprised to find one of the villagers 1110 01:34:09.920 --> 01:34:14.760 inside the fur, and it seemed the buxen Wolfe was just a prankster that 1111 01:34:14.880 --> 01:34:17.760 delighted in giving his fellow man a good fright and getting hit with a smith's 1112 01:34:17.760 --> 01:34:21.600 hammer right yeah, after after he got that sucking chest wound worked on. 1113 01:34:25.640 --> 01:34:30.319 But there's there is even a statue that had that was commissioned forty years ago 1114 01:34:30.399 --> 01:34:34.399 to commemorate the tail, and he said he might even have to take a 1115 01:34:34.479 --> 01:34:39.479 small john to over to the statute and snap a pictures in a TuS, 1116 01:34:39.520 --> 01:34:42.720 which would be awesome. There's a good chance, not a good chance, 1117 01:34:42.760 --> 01:34:46.880 but there's a chance that a good friend of mine is going to get stationed 1118 01:34:46.880 --> 01:34:50.159 in Germany, in which case I'm going to go over there to visit him. 1119 01:34:50.520 --> 01:34:54.720 Oh yeah, look all that crazy stuff up I can. I could 1120 01:34:54.760 --> 01:34:58.720 probably even try to tag along or jump on your back and a wolf's pelt 1121 01:34:58.720 --> 01:35:00.880 and see how far I get too. I'm going to I'm going to learn 1122 01:35:01.399 --> 01:35:06.239 German. My plan is this, wherever he gets stationed, just by way 1123 01:35:06.279 --> 01:35:11.399 of me trying to be a really elaborate dick. Wherever he gets stationed, 1124 01:35:11.479 --> 01:35:16.239 I'm going to learn the language better than he possibly could. Then when I 1125 01:35:16.279 --> 01:35:18.840 go to visit him, I'm going to take him on a tour of the 1126 01:35:18.880 --> 01:35:25.319 place he lives. It's gonna be so much fun, devious and delightful. 1127 01:35:25.439 --> 01:35:27.600 Yeah, I'm a son of a bitch. And also then I learn a 1128 01:35:27.640 --> 01:35:30.800 language that's fun. Well, yeah, there's that too. Well, Doc 1129 01:35:30.279 --> 01:35:33.760 Dipiora. Yeah, thank you for writing, Thank all of you, Thank 1130 01:35:33.800 --> 01:35:39.039 everybody. That's all we got for for this week. Don't forget to go 1131 01:35:39.079 --> 01:35:44.359 onto iTunes and leave us a review and some stars. What's the number of 1132 01:35:44.399 --> 01:35:48.479 stars? You probably would do well by clicking five? No, no, 1133 01:35:48.479 --> 01:35:54.760 no, that's terrible negotiating floor. Seven stars. You gotta leave us seven 1134 01:35:54.840 --> 01:35:59.600 stars. No, I only want to leave you three stars. Listen, 1135 01:35:59.760 --> 01:36:02.600 I can meet you in the medal on this, but you owe me five 1136 01:36:02.680 --> 01:36:08.359 stars? Is that fair? That's fair? I guess see that was a 1137 01:36:08.479 --> 01:36:11.880 dramatization that didn't actually happen. We just invented that. But that's what would 1138 01:36:11.920 --> 01:36:15.000 happen that could happen to you. Five stars, five stars. Easy, 1139 01:36:15.039 --> 01:36:17.199 peasy, leave us a review. Thank you for all the recent reviews that 1140 01:36:17.439 --> 01:36:20.319 it's been leaving. It's awesome, it's great. It helps us get our 1141 01:36:20.399 --> 01:36:26.880 name out there, helps people see us on the list that are important. 1142 01:36:27.079 --> 01:36:30.279 Makes me feel like a good person. Also, you can go to a 1143 01:36:30.319 --> 01:36:32.880 Facebook and like us. Yeah, we love that. We are we are 1144 01:36:33.520 --> 01:36:39.800 already I mean, I'm enjoying like the exponential growth of this, but we 1145 01:36:39.800 --> 01:36:44.560 are already zoning in on four hundred likes, four hildos, four hildos, 1146 01:36:44.560 --> 01:36:50.199 and then we are on the march to a half thousand, hay thousand penny 1147 01:36:50.279 --> 01:36:57.079 thousand. Uh. Yeah, you can go on YouTube and find us some 1148 01:36:57.159 --> 01:37:00.880 Blurry Photos podcast. You can follow us on Twitter at Blurry underscore photos Us, 1149 01:37:01.239 --> 01:37:03.840 stumble Upon. You could find a way to pin us on Pinterest. 1150 01:37:03.840 --> 01:37:05.600 I don't know how you would do it. I don't know, but you 1151 01:37:05.640 --> 01:37:10.359 could do it. Yeah, And then I also don't forget there's a donate 1152 01:37:10.399 --> 01:37:14.159 button that's yeah, free to use and accepting the money that you pay. 1153 01:37:14.359 --> 01:37:18.680 Right the holidays are coming, and uh maybe maybe maybe now's a great time 1154 01:37:18.720 --> 01:37:24.520 to invest in the Blurry Photos. Your donations are not tax deductible, and 1155 01:37:24.600 --> 01:37:29.920 if they were, we still wouldn't know how to do that. So you 1156 01:37:29.920 --> 01:37:35.199 can also go to we still have that free audiobook membership Yeah, audible dot 1157 01:37:35.199 --> 01:37:43.239 com slash blurry Photos, and do no dot org dot Audible trial dot com 1158 01:37:43.279 --> 01:37:47.439 slash blurry Photos. You get yourself a free audiobook, a thirty day trial 1159 01:37:47.479 --> 01:37:51.560 membership with Audible. And if you don't think that you want to an audiobook, 1160 01:37:51.640 --> 01:37:55.560 maybe it's not something you've ever done before. Let me throw this little 1161 01:37:55.640 --> 01:38:00.239 nugget at you holiday traveling. A lot of us are going to be lying, 1162 01:38:00.560 --> 01:38:03.760 driving, yep, or just surviving. You can move for that to 1163 01:38:03.840 --> 01:38:08.479 rhyme, but you mean imagine you have a full rich book if you If 1164 01:38:08.479 --> 01:38:11.600 you don't like hanging out with the family that you have to go hang out 1165 01:38:11.640 --> 01:38:15.600 with, maybe it's not even yours. Pop audiobook headphones yep, just tool 1166 01:38:15.640 --> 01:38:19.079 out on a sofa. I have let the world slide by. I've listened 1167 01:38:19.119 --> 01:38:25.479 to Game of Thrones on there and it lasted the whole trip and then had 1168 01:38:25.520 --> 01:38:29.840 some despair. So yeah, you can get an eight hour long book or 1169 01:38:29.960 --> 01:38:33.880 more with with this deal that we're thrown at you. Um, don't worry 1170 01:38:33.960 --> 01:38:38.920 if you click on it and it doesn't say our name anywhere or anything like 1171 01:38:39.000 --> 01:38:43.319 freaked me out, But it works. It still works just as long as 1172 01:38:43.359 --> 01:38:47.039 you follow that that link and then you know sign up through there you get 1173 01:38:47.039 --> 01:38:54.800 your audiobook. We get a great monetary kickback from Audible which helps fund our 1174 01:38:55.960 --> 01:39:00.439 every photos two point zero are ever expanding empire. Yeah, so check it 1175 01:39:00.479 --> 01:39:03.439 out. We appreciate it if you do. And I think that's all we 1176 01:39:03.479 --> 01:39:09.279 got for this episode of Larry Photos. Yes, I've been the undetectable. 1177 01:39:09.439 --> 01:39:15.279 Dave Stecco and I have been the weekly interacting massive particle David Flora, your 1178 01:39:15.359 --> 01:39:21.640 wimp layoff. Tell him to say bye, Say bye, say such a 1179 01:39:21.800 --> 01:39:56.720 much, say it bye. The liberal agenda does not want, want, 1180 01:39:56.840 --> 01:40:01.199 want a fully weaponized, weaponized space blacklatform