1 00:00:00,920 --> 00:00:05,519 Did you hear what happened to Jack? He caught a cold, but he 2 00:00:05,599 --> 00:00:10,560 had to go to the office. He would have rather stayed home, but 3 00:00:10,759 --> 00:00:16,440 the boss had other plans for him. There was supposedly some meeting with a 4 00:00:16,559 --> 00:00:21,920 big client. If I were him, I wouldn't have picked up the phone 5 00:00:22,000 --> 00:00:32,719 when the boss called. I wouldn't have let's discuss Welcome to another Happy English 6 00:00:32,759 --> 00:00:37,520 podcast, coming to you from New York City, and here's your English teacher, 7 00:00:37,920 --> 00:00:43,520 Michael. All right, thank you johnn and thanks everyone. It's Michael 8 00:00:43,600 --> 00:00:49,960 here from Happy English and I help people speak English better. And this is 9 00:00:50,000 --> 00:00:59,479 Happy English Podcast, Episode six seventy. Past modal would have Today we're going 10 00:00:59,560 --> 00:01:04,439 to tim you talking about some of the tricky grammar points that come up on 11 00:01:04,480 --> 00:01:10,200 the TOIC exam. I hope this will come in handy for you if you're 12 00:01:10,239 --> 00:01:15,519 taking the exam, and even if not, I'm sure you can use this 13 00:01:15,640 --> 00:01:22,120 grammar in your everyday English conversations. In this lesson, let's look at the 14 00:01:22,159 --> 00:01:27,719 past modal verb would have. By the way, the basic grammar pattern is 15 00:01:27,799 --> 00:01:34,480 like this, we use would have or would not have, followed by a 16 00:01:34,560 --> 00:01:42,439 past participle verb. You can say things like would have studied, would have 17 00:01:42,640 --> 00:01:48,599 had, would have eaten, would not have done, and so on. 18 00:01:49,640 --> 00:01:55,519 Would have and would not have are used in two different ways. Let's check 19 00:01:55,599 --> 00:02:00,319 them out. First of all, we use would have to show that we 20 00:02:00,400 --> 00:02:06,640 wanted to do something but we didn't do it. Imagine you wanted to study 21 00:02:06,719 --> 00:02:10,879 for an important exam, but you didn't because you had to work. In 22 00:02:10,919 --> 00:02:16,560 that situation, you could say I wanted to study for my exam, but 23 00:02:16,719 --> 00:02:22,599 I had to work. I would have studied, though in this case, 24 00:02:23,319 --> 00:02:28,639 I would have studied means that you wanted to study, but it didn't happen 25 00:02:29,080 --> 00:02:34,800 this time because of work. Here are some other examples. I heard the 26 00:02:34,800 --> 00:02:38,639 workshop was quite informative. I would have gone there, but I caught the 27 00:02:38,719 --> 00:02:44,319 flu. I would have called you over the weekend, but I got stuck 28 00:02:44,439 --> 00:02:50,520 babysitting for my sister's kids. By the way we usually use would have with 29 00:02:50,639 --> 00:02:57,840 conditional sentences like this, she would have accepted the job offer if the salary 30 00:02:57,960 --> 00:03:02,560 had been a little more reasonable. If I had known you were going to 31 00:03:02,639 --> 00:03:07,919 the store, I would have asked you to buy some groceries for me. 32 00:03:07,800 --> 00:03:14,039 Oh yeah, I would have mentioned this earlier. But if you get tired 33 00:03:14,039 --> 00:03:17,319 of listening to my voice all the time, why don't you check out the 34 00:03:17,520 --> 00:03:24,719 All Ears English Podcast. There you can hang out with my friends Lindsay who's 35 00:03:24,759 --> 00:03:32,159 from New York and Michelle from Colorado. They have fun, energetic and natural 36 00:03:32,280 --> 00:03:40,199 English conversations about a variety of topics, and this summer they have some amazing 37 00:03:40,360 --> 00:03:47,520 special guests lined up, including a Stanford University professor who will be talking about 38 00:03:47,639 --> 00:03:57,759 spontaneous speaking and a language columnist from the Economist who'll be talking about good writing. 39 00:03:58,400 --> 00:04:03,280 With new episodes four days a week, there's always something good cooking there, 40 00:04:03,719 --> 00:04:10,560 so you don't want to miss one episode of the All Ears English Podcast. 41 00:04:11,280 --> 00:04:15,120 All you have to do is open your search bar, type in all 42 00:04:15,360 --> 00:04:21,759 Ears English and hit follow. So follow me on what's next. We use 43 00:04:21,959 --> 00:04:28,639 would not have to show that we didn't want something to happen in the past, 44 00:04:29,199 --> 00:04:34,199 but it happened anyway. Let's say you caught a cold and you really 45 00:04:34,360 --> 00:04:41,639 didn't want to go to work, but your boss insisted that you show up 46 00:04:41,959 --> 00:04:47,040 and go to a meeting with an important client. Awful right in that situation, 47 00:04:47,600 --> 00:04:54,120 you could say I caught a cold and I wouldn't have come to work 48 00:04:54,199 --> 00:05:00,319 today, but the boss made me attend that meeting with the client. Here 49 00:05:00,199 --> 00:05:06,560 I would not have come emphasizes that you didn't want to go to the office, 50 00:05:08,000 --> 00:05:12,879 but you ended up going. Here are some other examples. I wouldn't 51 00:05:12,920 --> 00:05:16,480 have gone to the second bar last night, but I drank so much at 52 00:05:16,519 --> 00:05:21,680 the first bar that I made the bad decision to go. Jack left the 53 00:05:21,720 --> 00:05:27,879 house in plenty of time and wouldn't have missed his flight, but he decided 54 00:05:27,920 --> 00:05:32,279 to take a taxi instead of a train and got stuck in rush hour traffic. 55 00:05:32,639 --> 00:05:39,639 By the way. We also used would not have with conditional sentences like 56 00:05:39,920 --> 00:05:46,560 this. I wouldn't have eaten that spicy food if I had known it would 57 00:05:46,720 --> 00:05:51,759 upset my stomach later. If I had known that the boss was going to 58 00:05:51,800 --> 00:05:58,879 ask me to work late, I would not have made dinner plans with Jenny. 59 00:05:59,040 --> 00:06:03,439 In summary, would have talks about something that we wanted to happen, 60 00:06:04,079 --> 00:06:10,839 but it didn't. Would not have talks about something that we did not want 61 00:06:10,879 --> 00:06:15,439 to happen, but it happened anyway. Keep in mind the best way to 62 00:06:15,480 --> 00:06:21,360 remember this grammar is to take the phrase write it in a sentence that's true 63 00:06:21,399 --> 00:06:29,759 for you or true in your world and then memorize your sentences. Remember there's 64 00:06:29,839 --> 00:06:36,000 more to improving your toeach score than just doing practice tests. Speaking of TOEC, 65 00:06:36,519 --> 00:06:43,000 check out TOEC Mastery, my new preparation course for the TOEC Exam. 66 00:06:44,000 --> 00:06:49,399 There you can learn the grammar and vocabulary points you need to know for success 67 00:06:49,560 --> 00:06:56,639 in part five, six, and seven of the TOEK Exam, and each 68 00:06:56,720 --> 00:07:01,920 lesson has speaking and writing checked by me. To learn more or to see 69 00:07:01,959 --> 00:07:08,360 some of the example sentences from this lesson, just visit my Happy English dot 70 00:07:08,399 --> 00:07:15,560 com and choose podcast lesson six seventy. Remember learning another language is not easy, 71 00:07:15,959 --> 00:07:21,120 but it's not impossible, and I'm here to help you on your journey. 72 00:07:21,160 --> 00:07:26,680 This podcast is brought to you by Happy English. Please visit my Happy 73 00:07:26,759 --> 00:07:30,480 English dot com show your support for Happy English by leaving us a review. 74 00:07:31,120 --> 00:07:47,199 Get English, Get Happy, Happy English.